Mulingo wa insulin m'magazi mwa anthu

Insulin ndi mahomoni apadziko lonse lapansi omwe amapangika chifukwa cha kapamba. Amatengako kagayidwe kazinthu zingapo zomwe zimachitika mu metabolism.

Komabe, ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuchita pa maselo ojambulidwa panthawi yopanga chakudya, komanso kuyambitsa kutulutsa shuga m'magazi.

Zomwe zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mitundu yamtunduwu ndi maselo a chiwindi, adipose ndi minofu minofu. Kupatula apo, ndi kaamba ka magwiridwe antchito awo kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri shuga, komwe kumayikidwa ndi insulin, kumafunika. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi thupi lake lomwe "limasunga" ngati kuli ndi njala.

Palibenso china chofunikira ntchito zina za mahomoni awa. Chifukwa chake, imapereka kuthamanga kwa njira yotengera amino acid - zomanga za mapuloteni ofunika - kuma cell osiyanasiyana. Popanda izo, mayamwidwe a phosphate, potaziyamu ndi magnesium ion ndi minofu imachepetsedwa, ndipo kaphatikizidwe ka mafuta acid ndi mapangidwe a adipose minofu amasiya. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe chizolowezi chiyenera kukhala m'thupi.

Mulingo wamba

Kwa munthu wathanzi, kuchuluka kwa insulini ndi 3-20 μU / ml. Dziwani kuti zomwe zili mkati mwake zimatha kusinthasintha malinga ndi malire ake - izi sizikuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa matenda.

Kuyesedwa kwa insulin kuyenera kutengedwa m'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Kupatula apo, mutatha kudya, ntchito ya kapamba imakulirakulira, ndikupanga mahomoni okulirapo, ndipo izi zimawerengera magazi. Komabe, lamuloli siligwira ntchito kwa ana aang'ono chifukwa insulin yawo siyodziyimira pakulimbirana.

Kuti muwone mulingo wake m'magazi, kupenda kwapadera ndikofunikira. Mpaka pano, mitundu iwiri ya njira ndiyodziwika kwambiri: kuyeserera ndi kulolerana kwa glucose. Kuti zotsatira zake zizikhala zolondola momwe zingathere, tikulimbikitsidwa kuchita zonsezo.

Kwa akazi, kuchuluka kwa insulin kumachokera 3 mpaka 25 mcU / ml. Mlingo wake ungasiyane ndi zaka. Chifukwa, mwachitsanzo, pakakhala pakati, thupi limafunikira mphamvu zambiri, kotero kuchuluka kwa mahomoni mwa akazi kumawirikiza, kenako kumatsika.

Kusintha kumeneku ndikofunikira kuti minofu ya thupi la mkazi ithe kukula pang'onopang'ono, ndikuonetsetsa kuti mwana akukula bwino komanso kukulira. Ngati insulini m'magazi sikokwanira, ndiye kuti kugwira ntchito kwa minofu komanso ngakhale kuwonongeka kwa ulusi wa minofu m'magawo osiyanasiyana a thupi kumachitika. Zowonadi, pamenepa, thupi lidzakhala lovuta kwambiri kupirira katundu woonjezereka.

Tebulo la zaka

Mwazi wa munthu wathanzi uyenera kukhala ndi 3-25 mcU / ml ya insulin. Komabe, ndi ukalamba, iwo, monga azimayi, ali ndi kuchuluka kwamahomoni - 6-35 μU / ml. Izi ndichifukwa choti thupi la munthu wachikulire limafunikira mphamvu zambiri kwa moyo wonse. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa insulin m'mwazi wa okalamba kumayanjananso ndi zifukwa zina:

1. Ndi m'badwo, munthu amayamba kuchepa pang'onopang'ono pakumverera kwazinthu izi.
2. Chitetezo chamthupi chofooka chimatsogolera pakupanga matenda osiyanasiyana osachiritsika,
3. Nthawi zambiri mumamwa mitundu yonse yamankhwala
4. Nthawi zambiri amakhala pamavuto.

Kwa ana osakwana zaka khumi ndi ziwiri, ndende yoyenera ndi 3-20 μU / ml. Ngati asinthasintha pang'ono, ndiye kuti ayenera kufufuzidwa kuti adziwe matenda a kapamba.

A kwambiri kwambiri - zikuwonetsa zimachitika mwana.

Pomaliza

Insulin ndi mahomoni ofunikira omwe amakhudzidwa m'njira zambiri. Kuchuluka kwake, komanso kuchuluka, kumayendetsa thupi.

Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwongolera kuti mulingo wake umafanana ndi chizolowezi, zomwe zimatengera zaka komanso mtundu wa munthu. Kupenda pafupipafupi kuchuluka kwake m'magazi kumakupatsani mwayi wofufuza ntchito zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi lizigundika poyambira komanso kuti muchepetse zovuta.

Tanthauzo ndi ntchito zazikulu za insulin

Poyamba, kapamba amapanga timadzi tomwe timagwira. Kenako, podutsa magawo angapo, amapita kukonzekera. Pulogalamu yamapuloteni ndi mtundu wa fungulo lomwe glucose amalowera minyewa yonse komanso ziwalo zonse.

Glucose amalowa muubongo, maso, impso, mitsempha ya adrenal ndi mitsempha yamagazi yopanda insulin. Ngati sikokwanira m'magazi, ndiye kuti ziwalo zimayamba kupanga shuga wambiri, mwakutero zimadziwonetsa kupsinjika kambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mu shuga, ziwalozi zimawerengedwa kuti "zigoli" ndipo zimakhudzidwa koyamba.

Tizilombo tina tonse tomwe timadutsa glucose kokha ndi insulin. Mukakhala pamalo oyenera, glucose amasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu ndi minofu. Timadzi timene timapangidwa mosalekeza tsiku lonse, koma pakudya, zotulukazo zimakhala zochulukirapo. Izi ndikuti tilewe shuga.

1. Zimathandizira shuga kulowa mkati mwa minofu ndikupanga mphamvu.
2. Kuchepetsa katundu pachiwindi, komwe amapanga shuga.
3. Imathandizira kulozetsa kwa ma amino acid ena mu minofu.
4. Amatenga nawo kagayidwe, makamaka kagayidwe kazakudya.
5. Ntchito yayikulu ya chinthu ndi hypoglycemic. Kuphatikiza pa chakudya chomwe anthu amadya, thupi limapanganso mahomoni ambiri omwe amalimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Izi zimaphatikizapo adrenaline, mahomoni okula, glucagon.

Kuzindikira ndi chizolowezi molingana ndi zaka

Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa mahomoni anu, ndikofunikira kukonzekera bwino magazi.

Kukonzekera kudutsa mawunikidwe:

1. Magazi ayenera kumwedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu.
2. Tsiku lotsatira liyenera kukhala chakudya chamadzulo, pafupifupi maola 8 musanayesedwe.
3. M'mawa amaloledwa kumwa madzi owiritsa.
4. Brush ndi rinsing sizikulimbikitsidwa.
5. Masabata awiri musanafike mayeso, wodwalayo ayenera kusiya kumwa mankhwala onse. Kupanda kutero, adotolo ayenera kuwonetsa chithandizo chomwe munthu akalandira.
6. Masiku angapo musanafike mayeso, ndikofunikira kukana zakudya zovulaza: mafuta, okazinga, osankhidwa ndi mchere, komanso zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndi chakudya mwachangu.
7. Tsiku lisanafike phunziroli, muyenera kudzitchinjiriza pamasewera ndi pazovuta zambiri.

Zotsatira zomwe zimapezeka mukamayesa magazi a insulin sizingachitike popanda kuyesedwa kwa magazi. Zizindikiro zonse ziwiri zokha zimapereka chithunzi chonse cha thupi. Pachifukwa ichi, wodwalayo amakumana ndi zovuta komanso mayeso oyipitsa.

Kuyesedwa kwa nkhawa kumawonetsa momwe insulin imayankhira mwachangu mu glucose yemwe amalowa m'magazi. Ikachedwa, kuzindikira kwa matenda am'mbuyomu kumakhazikitsidwa.

Kuyesaku kumachitika motere. Mwazi wofulumira umatengedwa kuchokera mu mtsempha. Wodwalayo kenako amamwa shuga wina wabwino. Kukonzanso shuga kwa magazi kumapangidwa patatha maola awiri mutachita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Tebulo la kuwunika zotsatira:

Chiyeso choyambitsa kapena kuyesa ndi njala chimakhala choposa tsiku limodzi. Choyamba, wodwalayo amapereka magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu. Kenako samadya kanthu tsiku lina, ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi amapereka magazi. Zizindikiro zomwe zimatsimikizidwa mu zitsanzo zonse: insulin, glucose, C-peptide. Mwa amayi ndi abambo, chizolowezi chimakhala chimodzimodzi.

Gome lounikira zotsatira za kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi:

Kodi okwera amati chiyani?

Hyperinsulinemia nthawi zambiri imawonedwa pakudya. Koma ngakhale zili choncho, mulingo wake suyenera kupitilira malire.

Miyezo yambiri ya mahomoni m'magazi imakhala ndi zotsatirazi:

• anjala yokhazikika, yoyenda ndi mseru,
• kukomoka mtima,
• thukuta kwambiri
• manja akunjenjemera
• kukhumudwa pafupipafupi.

Matenda omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa insulin m'magazi:

1. Insulinoma - chisonyezo ya kapamba. Zimakhudzanso zisumbu za Langerhans ndipo zimathandizira kupanga mapangidwe a insulin. Popanga matenda oterowo, wodwalayo amapatsidwa mankhwala opangira opaleshoni. Kuchotsa chotupacho, anthu 8 mwa khumi amachira kwathunthu.
2. Shugamtundu 2 shuga. Cholinga chake chachikulu ndikukula kwa insulin. Maselo amasiya kumva kukhudzidwa kwa mahomoni ndikuwonetsa ma pancreas kuti m'magazi muli magazi ochepa. Amayamba kuphatikiza mahomoni ambiri, omwe amachititsa hyperinsulinemia.
3. Acromegaly kapena gigantism. Matendawa amaphatikizidwa ndikupanga mahomoni ambiri okula.
4. Cushing's Syndrome limodzi ndi kuchuluka kwa glucocorticosteroids m'mwazi, poyankha izi, kapamba amatulutsa timadzi tambiri tambiri.
5. Polycystic Ovary - Nthenda yodziwika ndi kuperewera kwa mahomoni m'thupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwa mahomoni m'magazi. Hyperinsulinemia ndiyomwe imayambitsa kulemera kwambiri, kuthamanga kwa magazi, cholesterol yambiri, komanso kukula kwa zotupa, chifukwa mahomoni amalimbikitsa kukula kwawo.
6. Kunenepa kwambiri Nthawi zina, zimakhala zovuta kudziwa ngati matendawa ndi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'magazi kapena chifukwa chake. Ngati poyamba pali insulini yambiri m'magazi, munthu amakhala ndi vuto lanjala, amadya kwambiri ndipo amayamba kulemera kwambiri. Mwa anthu ena, kunenepa kwambiri kumayambitsa kukana insulini, chifukwa chomwe hyperinsulinemia imayamba.
7. Matenda a chiwindi.
8. Mimba Itha kuchitika popanda zovuta, koma ndi chidwi chambiri.
9. Fructose ndi Galactose Kusagwirizanacholowa.

Pankhani ya hyperinsulinemia, muyenera kuyang'ana chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa, chifukwa palibe mankhwala omwe angachepetse kuchuluka kwa mahomoni.

Kuti muchepetse chizindikiro, tikulimbikitsidwa:

• idyani katatu patsiku osakudya,
• Konzani tsiku losala kudya kamodzi pa sabata,
• sankhani zakudya zoyenera, gwiritsani ntchito zakudya zokhala ndi mtundu wocheperako komanso wapakati wa glycemic,
• masewera olimbitsa thupi,
• CHIKWANGWANI chiyenera kupezeka mu chakudya.

Zotsatira za kusowa kwa mahomoni

Pali mtheradi ndi insulin yokwanira. Kukwanira kwathunthu kumatanthauza kuti kapamba satulutsa timadzi tating'onoting'ono ndipo munthu amakula matenda amtundu woyamba.

Kusakwanira kwachibale kumayamba pamene mahomoni m'mwazi amapezeka mwachilengedwe kapena mopitilira muyeso, koma samatengedwa ndi maselo amthupi.

Hypoinsulinemia ikuwonetsa chitukuko cha matenda a shuga 1. Ndi matendawa, zisumbu za ma Langerhans a kapamba zimakhudzidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuchepa kapena kufalikira kwa kupanga kwa mahomoni. Matendawa ndi osachiritsika. Kuti akhale ndi moyo wabwino, odwala amapatsidwa jakisoni wautali wa insulin.

1. Zinthu zamtundu.
2. Kuzunza. Kugwiritsa ntchito mosalekeza zinthu zophika ndi maswiti kungayambitse kuchepa kwa kupanga kwa mahomoni.
3. Matenda opatsirana. Matenda ena amakhala ndi zowononga pama zisumbu za Langerhans, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa kupanga kwa mahomoni.
4. Kupsinjika Mitsempha yambiri ya m'magazi imakhala ndi shuga wambiri, motero insulin m'magazi imatha kugwa.

Mitundu ya Artificial Insulin

Odwala ndi matenda a shuga amatchulidwa subcutaneous makonzedwe a timadzi.

Zonsezi zimagawidwa potengera nthawi yochita:

• Degludec amatanthauza insulin zazitali kwambiri, zomwe zimakhala maola 42,
• Glargin amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali ndipo amatenga maola 20 mpaka 36,
• Humulin NPH ndi Bazal ndi mankhwala a nthawi yayitali, zotsatira zawo zimangoyambira maola atatu pambuyo pa jekeseni ndikutha pambuyo pa maola 14.

Mankhwalawa amadziwika kuti ndiwo maziko othandizira odwala matenda ashuga. Mwanjira ina, wodwalayo amapatsidwa mankhwala oyenera, omwe amaba jakisoni kamodzi kapena kawiri pa tsiku. Jakisoniyu sakukhudzana ndi zakudya zomwe amapeza.

Pazakudya, wodwala amafunika jakisoni wamfupi komanso wa ultrashort:

1. Oyamba akuphatikiza Actrapid NM, Insuman Rapid. Pambuyo pa jakisoni, mahomoniwo amayamba kuchita pambuyo pa mphindi 30-45, ndipo amamaliza kugwira ntchito atatha maola 8.
2. Ultrashort jakisoni Humalog ndi Novorapid amayamba zochita zawo mphindi zochepa atabayidwa ndikugwira ntchito kwa maola 4 okha.

Tsopano, pochiza matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga, mankhwalawa a nthawi yayitali komanso ultrashort amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Jakisoni woyamba mwa wodwala ayenera kutseguka nthawi yomweyo - kuchitapo kanthu kwa nthawi yayitali. Nthawi zina anthu amasintha jakisoniyo masana kapena madzulo, kutengera mtundu wa moyo ndi chidwi cha munthu payekha.

Insulin yochepa imayikidwa pamaso pa chakudya chachikulu, katatu patsiku. Mlingo amawerengedwa payekhapayekha kwa wodwala aliyense. Wodwala wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kutha kuwerengera bwino kuchuluka kwa mkate ndi mndandanda wa glycemic, ndipo amafunikiranso kudziwa kuchuluka kwa insulini ku mkate umodzi.

Amakhulupirira kuti kuchuluka kwakukulu kwamahomoni m'mawa, ndipo pofika madzulo amachepetsa. Koma musatenge mawu awa ngati axiom. Thupi la munthu aliyense payekha, motero, wodwalayo ayenera kuthana ndi kusankha kwa mankhwalawa limodzi ndi endocrinologist. Kuti muphunzire thupi lanu mwachangu ndikusankha mlingo woyenera, muyenera kukhala ndi cholembera chodziletsa.

Aliyense ayenera kusamalira yekha zaumoyo. Ndi thanzi labwino, kuyesako kuyenera kuchitika kamodzi pachaka. Pakakhala zizindikiro zilizonse za matendawa, muyenera kufunsa dokotala kuti akumuyezeni. Kuzindikira kwakanthawi kumathandizira kukhala wathanzi komanso kupewa kutulutsa zovuta zazikulu.