Kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa odwala matenda ashuga

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa zimagwirizana kwambiri.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amakonda kuchita matenda oopsa chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ziwopsezo: mtima, mitsempha yamagazi ndi mapapu.

Kodi pali ubale wotani pakati pa matenda awiriwa, ndipo muyenera kuchita chiyani ndi vuto la matenda oopsa kuphatikiza hyperglycemia?

Kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa matenda amtundu 1 ndi matenda ashuga 2

Pakulimbikitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuchuluka kwa glucose kumachulukirachulukira. Kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi metabolism ya carbohydrate yachilendo, njirayi sikuyambitsa vuto lililonse. Zinthu zikuipiraipirabe ndi mtundu wa matenda a shuga komanso osafuna insulini.

Matenda a shuga a Type 1 amadziwika ndi chitukuko cha nephropathy. The capillary permeability ichulukitsa, minofu wosanjikiza pang'onopang'ono imataya kunenepa. Mtundu wa shuga wodalira insulin ndi matenda obadwa nawo, ndipo matenda oopsa ndi omwe amakhalapo nawo. Pafupifupi 70% ya nzika zitha kupezeka ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi matenda a mtundu 1.

Kuphatikiza pa kusayenda bwino kwa dongosolo la impso, zina zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimasiyanitsidwa:

zovuta za endocrine,
shuga yoyamba kapena mtundu 1 imadziwika ndi chitukuko cha nephropathy. The capillary permeability ichulukitsa, minyewa yosanjikiza pang'onopang'ono imataya kunenepa. Mtundu wa shuga wodalira insulin ndi matenda obadwa nawo, ndipo matenda oopsa ndi omwe amakhalapo nawo. Pafupifupi 70% ya nzika imatengedwa ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi matenda amtundu wa 1. Kuphatikiza pa kusayenda bwino kwa impso, zina zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndizosiyana:
- zovuta za endocrine,
- GB yoyamba kapena yofunika,
- kusowa kwa mankhwala a insulin,
- osankhidwa bwino insulin.
Chofunikira pakulembetsa njira ya pathological ndikulephera kuwona zakudya zoyenera komanso chithandizo chamankhwala cha matenda ashuga.
chidwi mtundu = Zosintha za Nephropathic zachikaso zimawonedwa pazifukwa zilizonse zomwe zalembedwa.

Type 2 shuga mellitus imapezeka mwa anthu achikulire ndipo ndizotsatira za moyo wopanda thanzi (nthawi zambiri). Mwanjira yosakhazikika ya matenda a shuga, kapamba amapanga insulin yaying'ono kapena sagwirizana ndi chakudya.
chidwi mtundu = chikasu Hyperglycemia imabweretsa kutsika kwa ma capillaries, ndipo matenda oopsa amakhala ngati chinthu chovuta.
Type 2 shuga mellitus imapezeka mwa anthu achikulire ndipo ndizotsatira za moyo wopanda thanzi (nthawi zambiri). Mwanjira yosakhazikika ya matenda a shuga, kapamba amapanga insulin yaying'ono kapena sagwirizana ndi chakudya.
chidwi mtundu = chikasu Hyperglycemia imabweretsa kutsika kwa ma capillaries, ndipo matenda oopsa amakhala ngati chinthu chovuta.
Ngati kapamba munyengo yachilengedwe amatulutsa timadzi tokhala ngati "insulin" tomwe timatha "kusokoneza" shuga, ndiye kuti shuga ya magazi simamveka bwino. Mankhwala a antihypertensive amachotsa izi.
Zizindikiro zake zodwala matenda ashuga
Kukwera kokhala ngati kuthamanga kwa magazi kumalumikizidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi. Kuphwanya njira za kagayidwe kazakudya kumadziwonetsa mu mawonekedwe a ludzu lochulukirapo, khungu lowuma komanso chikhumbo chofuna kudya nthawi zonse.
Kuzindikira matenda oopsa a mtundu uliwonse wa shuga sikovuta. Zizindikiro za matendawa zimawoneka ngati zikuphwanya mkodzo. Albumin ndi mapuloteni amawoneka mu mkodzo - zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi molekyulu yayikulu.

Chithunzi cha matenda oopsa mu shuga mellitus:
- mutu
- tinnitus
- Chithunzi cha matenda oopsa mu shuga mellitus:
  - mutu
  - tinnitus
  - kugunda kwa mtima
  - kuthamanga kwa magazi,
  - kuwoneka kwa fungo lachilendo.
  - chizungulire.
  Zizindikiro zakukakamiza zimatha kufika pamavuto, ndiye tikulankhula za kuthekera kwa vuto lalikulu kwambiri. Hyperglycemia imatha kufika 25 mmol / L, pomwe ngozi ya kukomoka kwa hyperglycemic ikakulitsidwa.
  Ndi matenda a shuga, kugwira ntchito kwa mitsempha ya ubongo kumayipa. Odwala amadandaula chifukwa cha kutopa kwambiri komanso kusowa kuganiza kwanzeru.
  chidwi mtundu = chikasu Kukuwonjezeka kwamankhwala kumawonjezera zochitika, ndipo ngati sichinapatsidwe, zimayambitsa kukula kwa encephalopathy.
  Kuwopsa ndi zotsatirapo za mtolo wa matenda
  Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa ndi matenda awiri osiyana, ndipo zimawopsa mwanjira yophatikizika. Kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi glycemia kumatha kubweretsa njira zoipa mthupi:
  - Chiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa zotumphukira zamagetsi chimawonjezeka, ndipo ndi fomu yodalira insulin, chiopsezo cha chitukuko chimafika 99% (amayi oyembekezera ndi ambiri).
  - Kulephera kwamkati, kudutsa gawo lazovuta. Kuphwanya kwamikodzo kwamtunduwu kumabweretsa chiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda oopsa, kumakhala kovuta kuthandizira ndipo kumabweretsa zotsatira zosasinthika.
  - Proteinuria ndi microalbuminuria - mkhalidwe womwe mawonekedwe a protein mu mkodzo amadziwika. Izi zikuwonetsedwa pokodza kowawa, mthupi mumakhala kuchepa kwa mapuloteni komanso kuphwanya mapuloteni. Proteinuria imanena za zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha matenda ashuga limodzi ndi matenda oopsa, ndipo amatha kuwongolera.
  - Hyperglycemia ndiye chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda ashuga, ndipo kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatha chifukwa cha matenda. Nthawi zambiri amakula mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga "achiwiri". Milingo ya shuga imakwera mpaka 18,0 mmol / L.
  Ndi matenda a shuga, chiopsezo cha retinopathy ndi venous insuffuffing. Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kumakulitsa matenda oopsa.
  Kuopsa kwa zochitika za ischemic kumachulukirachulukira, mwayi wa aimpso ischemia suwululidwa. Momwe zimakhalira mu ubongo ndi m'munsi mwake zimasokonekera.
  chidwi mtundu = chikasu Choyipa kwa odwala komanso moyo ndi matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko, komanso motsutsana ndi ngozi za glycemia
  Ndi matenda a shuga, chiopsezo cha retinopathy ndi venous insuffuffing. Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kumakulitsa matenda oopsa.
  Kuopsa kwa zochitika za ischemic kumachulukirachulukira, mwayi wa aimpso ischemia suwululidwa. Momwe zimakhalira mu ubongo ndi m'munsi mwake zimasokonekera.
  chidwi mtundu = chikhale chovulaza thanzi la wodwalayo komanso moyo ndi matenda a mtima komanso sitiroko, ndipo motsutsana ndi glycemia, ngozi zakufa zimachulukitsidwa.
  Matenda oopsa komanso matenda ashuga
  Vuto lama Hypertensive ndi mkhalidwe wodziwika ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi mkati mwa 190 mmHg. ndi mmwamba. Kukula kwa HA mu shuga kumayambitsidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ndende.
  Mankhwala ochepetsa glycemic amatha kuonjezera magazi, ndipo mankhwala a antihypertgency amalimbikitsa kupanga glycogen, kukulitsa shuga.
  Kuti mupewe vuto la matenda ashuga, ndikofunikira kusankha chithandizo choyenera komanso chokwanira.
  - nseru
  - kusanza
  - chizungulire
  - tinnitus
  - kulephera kudziwa
  - mutu
  - arrhythmia.
  Ndi kuwonjezeka kwakamodzi kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi shuga, thukuta, kumverera kwa ludzu ndi fungo lokomoka la acetone kumawonekera. Mkodzo kulibe.
  - nseru
  - kusanza
  - chizungulire
  - tinnitus
  - kulephera kudziwa
  - mutu
  - arrhythmia.
  Ndi kuwonjezeka kwakamodzi kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi shuga, thukuta, kumverera kwa ludzu ndi fungo lokomoka la acetone kumawonekera. Mkodzo kulibe.
  chidwi mtundu = chikasu Matenda oopsa oopsa amatha kuyambitsa matenda a encephalopathy (kuwonongeka kwathunthu kwa maselo sikungatheke mu matenda ashuga), vuto la mtima kapena stroko, aneurysm, komanso koopsa.
  Mankhwala othandizira odwala matenda ashuga
  Matenda oopsa mu shuga ayenera kuthandizidwa m'njira zingapo:
  - mankhwala achikhalidwe
  - njira zamankhwala azikhalidwe,
  - zakudya zama carb ochepa.
  Matendawa ndi osasangalatsa, ndipo pofuna kupatula mavuto ambiri momwe mungathere, njira zonse zolimbikitsidwa ndi adotolo ziyenera kuonedwa.
  
  Palibe mankhwala ochiritsira matenda a shuga. Mankhwalawa amasankhidwa payekha, ndikupenda mosamalitsa malangizo omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito, popeza mankhwala ambiri amatsutsana mu mtundu 1 kapena matenda a shuga.
  Palibe mankhwala ochiritsira matenda a shuga. Mankhwalawa amasankhidwa payekha, ndikupenda mosamalitsa malangizo omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito, popeza mankhwala ambiri amatsutsana mu mtundu 1 kapena matenda a shuga.
  Mankhwala amawonetsedwa chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa magazi. Chochita chachikulu ndi diuretic. Mu shuga, mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe ali ndi vuto pang'ono la metabolic, mwachitsanzo, hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg, ndi omwe amakonda. Nthawi zambiri, chinthucho chimapanga chipangizo chovuta kwambiri.
  ACE zoletsa (ma sartani)
  ACE zoletsa (ma sartani)
  Sartan ndiye gulu lalikulu la mankhwala omwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo (makamaka mtundu 2). Njira zimachepetsa chiwopsezo cha zovuta ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa, pomwe sizikuwakhudza kagayidwe kazakudya zamthupi.
  Pewani nephropathy ndi proteinuria. Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi fomu yodalira insulin, kusintha kwamkodzo kumachepetsedwa.
  chidwi mtundu = chikasuRenin ndi angiotensin zoletsa sikuthandizanso pa matenda a matenda oopsa.
  Maphikidwe a anthu
  Maphikidwe omwe siachikhalidwe chothandizira kuthana ndi matenda oopsa osakanikirana ndi matenda a shuga a 2 sagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chithandizo chachikulu, koma monga kuwonjezera kwa chithandizo chachikulu.
  Chifukwa chake zotchuka kwambiri - zokhala ndi duwa lakuthengo ndi hawthorn zofanana. Zimathandizira kukhazikika m'makoma a magazi ndi vitamini C, yomwe imabwezeretsanso kuchepa kwa minofu yamagazi.
  Ma currants osakanikirana ndi mankhwala a chamomile omwe amapangidwa amapangira tiyi. Phindu la mankhwala ndikuwonjezera kutulutsa mkodzo komanso kutsitsa shuga m'magazi.
  
  Kudya
  Pamaso pa matenda otere, zakudya zimayenera kukhala zokwanira, zosiyanasiyana, komanso zofunikira. Odwala akuyenera kuwerengera zopatsa mphamvu ndi kukhala moyo wokangalika. Passivity imayambitsa kulemera, komwe ndi kosafunika kwambiri mwa matenda.
  chidwi mtundu = chikasu chimadya masamba atsopano ndi zipatso zopanda zipatso. Mbale, mwachitsanzo, buckwheat kapena mpunga, sizimayikidwa. Semolina, chimanga ndi oat flakes - mosamalitsa ochepa. / Chidwi
  Zakudya zotsatirazi ndizoletsedwa:
  - masamba ophika, osuta komanso osakidwa,
  - dzira pasitala
  - zipatso zokoma
  - nyemba
  - mpendadzuwa
  - masoseji fakitale,
  - Confectionery
  Anthu odwala matenda ashuga samatira kwambiri zakudya zomwe amapatsa kuti asakweze shuga pazikhalidwe zosavomerezeka.
  
  Kupewa ndi malingaliro
  Njira yongokhala, okonda mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kudya zakudya zochepa kumayambitsa chitukuko cha matenda oopsa komanso mtundu 2 wa shuga (mtundu 1 ndi chibadwa). Popewa kuchuluka kwambiri kwa thupi, ndikofunikira kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuchita nawo ntchito ndikutsatira zakudya.
  chidwi mtundu = chikasu Kuongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi osati kudzisamalira - malingaliro akulu a akatswiri oyenerera. / chidwi
  Mphamvu ya kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi hyperglycemia idawerengedwa kuyambira kale ndipo chithandizo chokwanira chapezeka. Madokotala akutsimikiza kuti kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kuchepetsa zakudya ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zamankhwala azikhalidwe - chiwonetsero cha matendawa ndi zotsatira zake zitha kuchepetsedwa mpaka zero.

Kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa matenda ashuga (matenda oopsa). Mapiritsi opanikizika

Kanema (dinani kusewera).

Choyamba, mitsempha yamagazi imadwala kuchuluka kwa glucose. Matenda a shuga ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi amawonera nthawi imodzi mu 80% ya odwala. Ngati matenda oopsa achulukira asachedwe kwambiri matenda amtundu 1, ndiye kuti matenda amtundu 2 angadziwike ngakhale matenda asanafike m'thupi.

Hypertension imakulitsa njira ya matenda ashuga, imawonjezera chiwopsezo cha katatu, khungu, chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa retina ndi mikwingwirima ya kumapazi - ka 20. Chifukwa chake, zofuna za anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndizovuta kuposa anthu athanzi. Chithandizo cha matenda oopsa chimayamba nthawi yomweyo, monga zizindikiro zoyambirira zamatenda a mtima zimawonekera. Chidwi chachikulu chimaperekedwanso pakusankhidwa kwa mankhwalawa; chifukwa cha matenda ashuga, mapiritsi okha ndi omwe amayikidwa omwe sangakulitse zovuta zomwe zilipo.

Kanema (dinani kusewera).

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, nephropathy ndiomwe umayambitsa matenda oopsa. Awa ndi vuto lomwe limayamba pang'onopang'ono pomwe minyewa ya impso imawonongeka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa glucose m'matumbo, komwe kumakulitsa kukodza, mapuloteni amayamba kulowa mkodzo, ndipo pamapeto pake, kulephera kwaimpso kumachitika. Nthawi zambiri wodwala akanyalanyaza chithandizo chamankhwala chamatenda a shuga, ma nephropathy amapita patsogolo msanga.

Glomeruli yowonongeka imayamba kugwira ntchito molimbika, chinthu chomwe chimakulitsa kamvekedwe ka mtima. Kupanikizika kumakulanso gawo lachitatu la nephropathy, pamene impso zimayamba kusefa mkodzo katatu pang'onopang'ono. Pakalipano, njira ziwiri zimayambira: glomeruli yowonongera imayambitsa matenda oopsa, ndipo iwonso imakulitsa mitsempha yamagazi, kuphatikizanso impso. Kupsyinjika kotere ndikokhazikika komanso kosavomerezeka. Ndi kusintha kosasintha kwa impso, imawonedwa mwa odwala onse omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Matenda a 2 odwala matenda ashuga amakumana ndi matenda oopsa kale kwambiri, ngakhale panthawi ya matenda ashuga. Kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro za metabolic syndrome, poyambira matenda ashuga. Glucose imayamba kukhudza zombozo ngakhale mfundo zake zisanakhale zokwera. Pali umboni kuti njirayi imayamba pomwe glucose ali pamwamba 6 mmol / L. Makoma a zotengera adawonongeka, zolembera zimayamba kupanga pa iwo, mawonekedwe akuwala. Mabwenzi odalirika a shuga - kunenepa kwambiri komanso kusayenda - imathandizira kuyambika kwa matenda oopsa.

Chiyanjano pakati pa mtundu wa chithandizo cha matenda ashuga komanso kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa matenda oopsa mwachangu, mwachangu, shuga, ndizochedwa magazi m'mitsempha.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kupsinjika kwa shuga:

Amadziwika kuti insulin imagwira ntchito ngati vasodilator. Chifukwa chiyani, ndiye kuti mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, wodziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa insulin, womwe umagwirizana kwambiri ndi matenda oopsa? Chowonadi ndi chakuti mwa odwala oterowo mumakhala kukana insulini - mkhalidwe womwe umasokoneza kuzindikira kwa insulin ndi maselo amthupi. Kupitilira kafukufuku woyeserera, zidapezeka kuti hyperinsulinemia kuphatikiza ndi insulin kukokana kumayambitsa kumasulidwa kwa norepinephrine komanso kutsegulitsa kwakukulu kwa mtima wamanjenje wamanjenje. Komanso, odwala matenda ashuga okhala ndi kunenepa kwambiri, ntchito zake ndizokwera mu impso, zotsika mu mtima. Chifukwa cha izi, impso zimasunga sodium ndi madzi, zimonjezera kukonzanso. Zotsatira zake, kupanikizika mumatumba kumakwera.

Zinapezeka kuti kuchuluka kwa chisangalalo, motero kuchuluka kwa matenda oopsa, zimatengera mwachindunji cholozera cha misa. Mafuta ochulukirapo m'thupi, pomwe wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amakumana ndi zovuta zambiri, ndipo kukwera kwake kumawonetsa kuchuluka.

Zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro za matenda oopsa mu shuga

Kupsinjika kwa magazi ndi mtengo wosinthika. Masana, amasintha ndi 10-20%, nthawi zambiri usiku komanso m'mawa m'munsi, m'magawo azigawo - apamwamba. Malire apamwamba a nthawi zonse kwa anthu athanzi ndi 140/90. Chithandizo chimafunikira ngati mulingo uwu mobwerezabwereza.

Mu shuga mellitus, gawo la kugwedezeka kwasokonezedwa. Kupsinjika usiku kumatha kukhala chimodzimodzi ngati masana, kapenanso kukwera. Zotsatira zake, zombo zimatha mofulumira, angiopathy ndi neuropathy zikuyenda bwino. Chifukwa cha chiwopsezo cha matenda oopsa mu shuga, m'mphepete chitseko cha odwala chatsitsidwa kukhala 130/85. Ngati kupanikizika kumakulirakulira nthawi zambiri kapena kukwera kangapo pa sabata, muyenera kufunsa dokotala kuti akuuzeni mankhwala omwe mumalandira.

Zizindikiro za matenda oopsa:

mutu, nthawi zambiri kumbuyo kwa mutu,
chizungulire
kutopa
kupweteka mumtima, nthawi zambiri mukatha kudya kapena kupuma kwambiri,
kuvutika kugona
kuchuluka kukodza usiku chifukwa cha nocturia.

Orthostatic hypotension imatha kuonedwanso: kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono ndikusintha kwakuthwa kwamphamvu thupi, nthawi zambiri mukamadzuka. Zizindikiro zake ndi chizungulire, mseru. Kuukira koteroko kumadutsa mwachangu, m'mphindi zochepa.

Zizindikiro za matenda oopsa amathanso kusakhalapo, pomwe kupanikizika kumakwera pang'onopang'ono, ndipo thupi limatha kusintha ndikusintha. Ngati matenda a asymptomatic samapezeka pakapita nthawi, vutoli litha kukhala pamavuto oopsa kwambiri.

Pofuna kuti matendawa achoke mu nthawi, dongosolo loyesa matenda a shuga limaphatikizanso kuyang'anira kukakamizidwa, komanso pamavuto okayikitsa komanso kukayikira kwamankhwala usiku - ndikuwunikira maola 24.

Ganizirani njira zazikulu zakuthandizira kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Kumbukirani: Kuthamanga kwambiri kwa magazi kumatha kukhala matenda a sitiroko.

Mapiritsi opanikizika amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi malire. Mankhwalawa sayenera kukhudza kagayidwe, osachulukitsa njira ya mtima wamatenda, kuthandiza mtima ndi impso. Simungathandize kuchepetsa kupanikizika ndi matenda oopsa, chifukwa izi zingapangitse kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga. Dongosolo la chithandizo cha munthu payekha limapangidwira wodwala aliyense. Ndi kukwezedwa pang'ono, mankhwalawa omwe akukhala nthawi yayitali amakonda, piritsi limodzi tsiku lonse. Chithandizo cha matenda oopsa kwambiri amafunika njira yophatikizira, pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochokera m'magulu angapo.

Kodi mumazunzidwa ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi? Kodi mukudziwa kuti matenda oopsa amathanso kukopeka ndi mtima ndi kumenyedwa? Sinthani nkhawa zanu. Maganizo ndi mayankho okhudza njira zomwe mwawerenga apa >>

Chithandizo cha ochepa matenda oopsa mu shuga

Matenda oopsa a arterial amamveka kuti akuwonjezeka akapanikizika kuposa 140/90 mm. Izi nthawi zambiri zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha kugunda kwamtima, kugwidwa, matenda a impso, ndi matenda a shuga. Matenda oopsa a matenda amitsempha amachepa: kukakamizidwa kwa ma syling kwa 130 komanso kupanikizika kwa diastolic ya 85 millimeter kukuwonetsa kufunikira kwa njira zochizira.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda oopsa mu shuga mellitus ndizosiyana ndipo zimatengera mtundu wamatenda. Chifukwa chake, ndimatenda omwe amadalira matenda a insulin, matenda oopsa kwambiri nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha matenda a impso a matenda ashuga. Ochepa ochepa odwala amakhala ndi matenda oopsa oopsa, kapena osokonekera kwa matenda oopsa.

Ngati wodwala amadwala matenda a shuga osadalira insulin, ndiye kuti matenda oopsa amakhazikika nthawi zina kale kwambiri kuposa matenda ena a metabolic. Mwa odwala, ochepa matenda oopsa ndi omwe amachititsa matenda. Izi zikutanthauza kuti adotolo sangadziwe chomwe chimayambitsa maonekedwe ake. Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda oopsa m'magazi ndi izi:

pheochromocytoma (matenda wodziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa makatikolamu, chifukwa chomwe tachycardia, kupweteka mumtima ndi ochepa matenda oopsa amakhala
Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome (matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa chopanga mahomoni a adrenal cortex),
hyperaldosteronism (kuchuluka kwa mahomoni aldosterone ndi magene a adrenal), omwe amadziwika ndi zotsatira zoyipa pamtima,
matenda ena osowa a autoimmune.

kuchepa kwa magnesium m'thupi,
kupsinjika kwanthawi yayitali
kuledzera ndi mchere wazitsulo zazikulu,
atherosulinosis ndi kufupika kwa mtsempha waukulu.

Mawonekedwe a matenda oopsa mu shuga yomwe amadalira insulin

Mtundu wa matendawa nthawi zambiri umalumikizidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa impso. Amakhala mu gawo limodzi mwa odwala ndipo ali ndi magawo awa:

microalbuminuria (mawonekedwe a mkodzo wa albumin),
proteinuria (mawonekedwe a mkodzo wa mamolekyulu akuluakulu),
aakulu aimpso kulephera.

Kuphatikiza apo, mapuloteni ochulukirapo amachotsekedwa mu mkodzo, ndikumalimbikitsidwa. Izi ndichifukwa chakuti impso zodwala zimakhala zoyipa kwambiri pakuchotsa sodium. Kuchokera pamenepa, zinthu zamadzimadzi m'thupi zimachuluka ndipo, chifukwa chake, mavuto amakwera. Ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, madzi a m'magazi amawonjezereka. Izi zimapanga bwalo loipa.

Amakhala m'thupi kuti thupi likuyesera kuthana ndi kusagwira bwino kwa impso, pomwe likuwonjezera kukakamiza kwa impso glomeruli. Iwo pang'onopang'ono akufa. Uku ndiko kupita patsogolo kwa kulephera kwa impso. Ntchito yayikulu ya wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amachepetsa shuga.

Zizindikiro zolembetsa matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amadalira insulin

Ngakhale isanayambike zizindikiro za matenda, wodwalayo akuyamba kukana insulin. Kutsutsa kwa minofu ku timadzi timeneti kumachepetsedwa. Thupi likuyesayesa kuthana ndi chidwi chochepa cha minofu ya thupi kupita ku insulini ndikupanga insulin yambiri kuposa momwe iyenera. Ndipo izi, zimathandizira kukakamizidwa.

Chifukwa chake, chinthu chachikulu pakukula kwa matenda oopsa mu shuga ndi chizindikiro cha insulin. Komabe, mtsogolomo, matenda oopsa amachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa atherosulinosis ndi vuto laimpso. Kuwala kwa ziwiya pang'onopang'ono kumachepera, chifukwa chake zimadutsa ochepa magazi.

Hyperinsulinism (ndiye kuti, kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi) ndi yoyipa kwa impso. Amayamba kukulira komanso madzi akumwa mthupi. Ndipo kuchuluka kowonjezereka kwamadzi m'thupi kumabweretsa chitukuko cha edema ndi matenda oopsa.

Amadziwika kuti kuthamanga kwa magazi kumayenderana ndi mtundu wa circadian. Usiku umapita. M'mawa, ndi 10-20 peresenti kutsika kuposa masana. Ndi matenda a shuga, phokoso lozungulira lotere limasweka, ndipo limakhala lokwera tsiku lonse. Komanso, usiku ndizambiri kuposa masana.

Kuphwanya kotereku kumalumikizidwa ndi kukula kwa imodzi mwazovuta za matenda a shuga - matenda ashuga. Chofunikira chake ndikuti shuga yayikulu imakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa dongosolo la mantha aumwini. Zikatero, zombo zimataya mwayi wochepetsetsa ndikukula kutengera kutengera katundu.

Iwona mtundu wa matenda owonongera tsiku lililonse. Njira ngati izi zikuwonetsa pofunika kumwa mankhwala oletsa kuthana ndi matenda oopsa. Nthawi yomweyo, wodwalayo ayenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mchere.

Mankhwala olimbana ndi matenda oopsa ayenera kutengedwa kuti muchepetse magazi omwe asankhidwa kukhala a shuga / mamilimita 130. Kuchiza ndi zakudya kumapereka mfundo zabwino zamagazi: mapiritsiwo amathandizidwa ndipo amapereka chokwanira.

Chizindikiro chodziwikiratu ndi mtundu wazotsatira pochotsa matenda oopsa. Ngati mankhwalawa samachepetsa kupsinjika m'milungu yoyamba yamankhwala chifukwa cha zovuta, ndiye kuti mutha kuchepetsa pang'ono. Koma pakatha mwezi umodzi, chithandizo chowonjezereka chiyenera kuyambiranso ndipo mankhwala ayenera kumwedwa pamankhwala omwe akuwonetsa.

Kuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono kuthamanga kwa magazi kumathandizira kupewa zizindikiro za hypotension. Inde, mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, matenda oopsa amatha chifukwa cha orthostatic hypotension. Izi zikutanthauza kuti posintha kwambiri kayendedwe ka thupi, kugwa kolimba pakuwunika kwa tonometer kumawonedwa. Vutoli limaphatikizidwa ndi kukomoka ndi chizungulire. Mankhwala ake ndiwodziwikiratu.

Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kusankha mapiritsi a matenda oopsa mu shuga. Izi ndichifukwa choti kusintha kwa kagayidwe kazakudya kumasiya chizindikiro chawo pazotsatira zamankhwala onse, kuphatikizapo zama hypotensive. Posankha chithandizo ndi mankhwala kwa wodwala, dokotala amayenera kuwongoleredwa ndi mfundo zambiri zofunika. Mapiritsi osankhidwa bwino amakwaniritsa zofunikira zina.

Mankhwalawa amachepetsa bwino matenda omwe amakhala ndi matenda oopsa a shuga komanso amakhala ndi zovuta zina.
Mankhwala oterewa samayambitsa kuwongolera koyenera kwa shuga wamagazi ndipo samachulukitsa cholesterol.
Mapiritsi amateteza impso ndi mtima ku zotsatira zoyipa za shuga m'magazi.

Pakadali pano, madokotala amalimbikitsa odwala awo omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kuti atenge mankhwala a magulu ngati amenewo.

Kugwiritsa, mwina, kuphatikiza mafuta ochulukitsa kwa matenda oopsa ndi matenda ashuga ndi njira yeniyeni komanso yopambana pakukhalabe ndi thanzi. Kulandira chithandizo kotereku kumachepetsa kufunika kwa insulini ndipo nthawi yomweyo kumabwezeretsanso kuchuluka kwa mtima wamagetsi.

Kuchiza ndi zakudya zama carb ochepa kumapha mavuto angapo nthawi imodzi:

amachepetsa insulin komanso shuga m'magazi
Imaletsa kukula kwa zovuta zamtundu uliwonse,
amateteza impso ku kuwopsa kwa shuga.
amachepetsa kwambiri chitukuko cha atherosulinosis.

Chithandizo chochepa kwambiri pa carb ndi chabwino ngati impso zisanadziwike mapuloteni. Ngati ayamba kugwira ntchito mwachizolowezi, kuchuluka kwa magazi a shuga kumayambiranso kukhala kwabwinobwino. Komabe, ndi proteinuria, zakudya zotere ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala.

Mutha kudya zakudya zokwanira kuchepetsa shuga. Izi ndi:

zopangidwa ndi nyama
mazira
nsomba zam'nyanja
masamba obiriwira, komanso bowa,
tchizi ndi batala.

M'malo mwake, kuphatikiza kwa matenda oopsa ndi matenda ashuga, palibenso njira ina yazakudya zotsika mkatikati. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosasamala mtundu wa shuga. Shuga amachepetsa kukhala wamba m'masiku ochepa. Muyenera kuyang'anira zakudya zanu nthawi zonse, kuti musayike pachiwopsezo komanso kuti musachulukitse shuga. Zakudya zama carb ochepa ndizabwino, ndizokoma komanso zathanzi.

Nthawi yomweyo, ndi chakudya ichi, zizindikiro za tonometer zimasintha. Ichi ndi chitsimikizo cha thanzi labwino komanso kusapezeka kwamavuto owopsa.

Matenda oopsa a matenda a shuga 2: zoyambitsa ndi kulandira

Munthu akakhala ndi matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti kupsinjika kwa matendawa kumakula. Ngati munthu ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a mtima ndi stroko, ndipo izi zimafunikira kale chithandizo cha panthawi yake.

Ngati munthu wakula chotere (kutanthauza kupanikizika kwa matenda ashuga), ndiye kuti chiopsezo cha kugwidwa ndi matenda a mtima chikuwonjezeka nthawi zambiri, ndipo kulephera kwa impso kumachitikanso. Komabe, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti ndi matenda oterowo, malo owopsa oopsa amachepetsa, koma izi sizitanthauza kuti palibe njira zochiritsira zomwe zingachitike. Ndipo pali zovuta zina - pomwe munthu saganiza zochepetsa kukakamizidwa, koma akuyenera kuganizira momwe angakulitsire kupanikizika.

Pazifukwa ziti kupanikizika kumabuka mu mtundu 2 wa shuga

Zizindikiro za matenda oopsa amtunduwu amatenda pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, nthawi zambiri zimadalira mtundu wa matenda. Chithandizo cha matenda oopsa a matenda a shuga a mtundu 2 chimakhala chovuta chifukwa chakuti zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndizosiyana kwambiri. Zochitika zotsatirazi titha kuzitchula monga zitsanzo - nthawi zambiri zonsezi zimachitika ngati impso za munthu zakhudzidwa ndi matenda.

Nthawi zambiri matenda oterewa amayamba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa impso, kenako chithandizo cha mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga chimakhala chovuta kwambiri, makamaka ngati chithandizo sichinayambike pa nthawi. Potere, munthu amakula ndi nephropathy yamtundu wa matenda ashuga, chifukwa chake matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa nthawi zambiri amapitira limodzi. Ndizachilendo kuti kukakamiza kwa munthu wodwala matenda a shuga a 2 kumayamba kukula kwambiri kuposa momwe kagayidwe kachakudya ka thupi lake kamasokonezekera ndipo, matendawa amapangidwa. Kuyankhula momveka bwino monga momwe zingathere, matenda oopsa amtundu wa anthu ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga ndi mtundu wa metabolic womwe umayambitsa isanayambike matenda oopsa a endocrine.

Ngati tirikunena za zifukwa zomwe shuga ndi kupanikizika kumayendera limodzi, ndiye kuti nthawi zambiri chinthucho chimagona mu systolic matenda oopsa, matendawa amakhala achikulire. Pali mtundu wina wa zamatenda pomwe dokotala sangathe kuzindikira chodalirika chomwe chimayambitsa matenda. Ngati mavuto ochulukirapo akukafika mwa munthu wonenepa kwambiri, ndiye kuti chifukwa chake ndi chakudya chosagwirizana ndi chakudya, komanso kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, mtundu wa metabolic mtundu umapangidwa, umatha kuthandizidwa mwachangu komanso mokwanira ngati munthu akufuna thandizo la mankhwala panthawi yake. Kupitiliza kulankhula za zomwe zimayambitsa matenda, kuyenera kunenedwa pazotsatirazi:

mu thupi la munthu mumakhala kusowa kwamphamvu kwa magnesium,
munthu amakhala wopsinjika nthawi zonse
thupi la munthu limapwetekedwa ndi mercury, cadmium kapena lead.
chifukwa cha atherosulinosis, chotupa chachikulu chimachepetsedwa.

Mutha kuthana ndi matenda monga matenda a shuga mellitus mosiyanasiyana, zonse zimatengera zinthu zosiyanasiyana - zaka za munthu, momwe munthu alili ndi momwe thupi limakhalira. Koma ndi chithandizo, simungathe kudya popanda matenda ashuga, apo ayi matenda a shuga sangathe kuwongolera, amafunikira ndi chithandizo chilichonse.

M'mbuyomu, matenda oopsa sanatengedwe konse mu mtundu II odwala matenda ashuga. Koma makampani amakono azamankhwala amapereka mankhwala otere omwe ndi othandiza kwambiri. Chithandizo chimodzi chimachepetsa kukakamiza, china chimawonjezeka, ngati pakufunika kutero. Mankhwala oterowo samangochepetsa kukakamiza, komanso amalimbana ndi zizindikiro zina zowopsa za matendawa ndi matenda oopsa.

Munthu asanayambe matenda ashuga "okhazikika", njira ya insulin yolimbana ndi thupi lake imayamba kugwira ntchito. Izi zimadziwika ndi kuchepa kwa chidwi cha minofu kupita ku insulin. Kuti alipiritse kukana insulini, kuchuluka kwa insulini kumachitika m'mitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwopsezo cha matenda a shuga chikule kwambiri.

Munthu akayamba kudwala matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri, mafuta a m'magazi amtundu wa magazi amakhala akucheperachepera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi aziwonjezereka. Odwala otere nthawi zambiri amadziwika ndi kunenepa kwamtundu wam'mimba, pomwe mafutawo am'mafuta amapita m'chiuno. Minofu ya Adipose imayamba kubisa zinthu mumtsinje wamagazi zomwe zimangokulitsa kukula kwa zizindikiro zowopsa.

Mavuto owopsa oterewa amatchedwa metabolic mtundu syndrome, kotero kuti kuthinikizidwa kwa munthu kumakula kwambiri kuposa matenda ashuga omwe. Matenda oopsa nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa anthu akapezeka ndi matenda a shuga. Koma musataye mtima chifukwa cha anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa - pogwiritsa ntchito chakudya chamafuta ochepa, mutha kuthanso matenda onse a shuga komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi. Chakudya chokhacho chimayenera kutsatira pafupipafupi, kupewa zolephera zilizonse.

Payokha, hyperinsulism iyenera kudziwika pamene kuphatikizika kwa insulin pamtsinje wamagazi kukwera kwambiri. Kuchita uku ndikuyankha kukana insulini, pamene kapamba amatulutsa kuchuluka kwa insulin, imayamba kuvala koyambirira. Pakapita kanthawi, chiwalo chofunikira ichi sichitha kukwaniritsa magwiridwe ake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga mumtsinje wamagazi, pambuyo pake munthu amayamba matenda a shuga.

Zovuta zam'mitsempha yamtunduwu zimakwera motere:

machitidwe amanjenje amachitidwa,
Sodium ndi madzimadzi amuchotsa impso pamodzi ndi mkodzo,
Sodium ndi calcium zimapezeka m'maselo,
kuchuluka kwa insulini kumadziunjikira m'thupi, motero makoma a ziwiya amatopa pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asamaoneke kwambiri.

Munthu akakhala ndi matenda a shuga, kusinthasintha kwachilengedwe m'mitsempha kumasokonekera.Ngati titenga chizolowezi monga mwachitsanzo, ndiye kuti usiku nkhawa za munthu zimachepetsedwa ndi 15-20% poyerekeza ndi nthawi yamasana. Koma mwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga, kuchepa kwachilengedwe kotere usiku sikuwonetsedwa, koma m'malo mwake, munthu akakhala ndi matenda ashuga, kupanikizika m'mitsempha usiku kumatha kukhala kokulirapo kuposa masana. Zikuwonekeratu kuti izi sizidzabweretsa chilichonse chabwino.

Ngati tizingolankhula pazifukwa, ndiye kuti nkhani yonse ya matenda ashuga okhudzana ndi matenda ashuga, munthu akakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga mumtsinje wamagazi, womwe imakhudza mkhalidwe wamanjenje (tikukamba za mantha am'magazi omwe amakhudza moyo wa thupi lonse). Momwe zimapangidwira momwe zimakhalira m'matumba, sizingatheke kuyendetsa bwino mawu, zimachepa ndikupuma, zonse zimatengera mulingo wa katundu.

Titha kudziwa kuti munthu akayamba kudwala matenda oopsa limodzi ndi "matenda okoma", kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama kamodzi kamodzi sikokwanira, kuwunika kuyenera kuchitika tsiku lonse. Kuchita koteroko kumachitika ndi chipangizo chapadera, kuphunzira koteroko kumathandiza kukonza nthawi yomwe muyenera kumwa mankhwalawo komanso momwe muyenera kukhala. Ngati pakuwunika kuwunika kwa nthawi yathunthu ndikusintha kuti kukakamiza kwamitsempha yamagazi kumangosinthasintha, ndiye kuti munthu ali ndi vuto lalikulu la vuto la mtima.

Malinga ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku wothandiza, munthu wodwala matenda ashuga oyambilira komanso wachiwiri amasamalira mchere kuposa omwe amakhala ndi matenda omwe amadwala matenda ashuga sawonekera. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zizindikilo zoipa zitha kuchepetsedwa kwambiri ngati munthu amachepetsa mchere. Munthu akakhala ndi matenda ashuga ndipo akalandira chithandizo, mchere uyenera kudya pang'ono, momwe zingakhalire pokhapokha ngati munthu akuyembekezera kuti mankhwalawo akhale opambana momwe angathere.

Nthawi zambiri zinthu zimavuta chifukwa chakuti munthu akupanga mtundu wina wa orthostatic. Ndiye kuti, kupanikizika kwa wodwala kumachepa msanga pamene asintha kwambiri komwe amakhala. Munthawi imeneyi, munthu amakhala ndi chizungulire kwambiri akamadzuka, amakhala mumdima m'maso mwake, ndipo zimachitika kuti munthu amayamba kufooka. Zonsezi zimachitika chifukwa cha matenda ashuga a mtundu wa shuga, pomwe mantha amthupi amunthu samayankhanso pakuwongolera kamvekedwe ka minyewa. Ndi kukwera kwakuthwa mwa munthu, katunduyo nthawi yomweyo amakwera. Chowonadi ndi chakuti thupi silitha kuwonjezera magazi kudzera m'mitsempha, motero munthu akumva zowawa.

Orthostatic mtundu hypotension imasiyanitsa njira yodziwitsira matenda ndi kutsatira kwa matenda am'tsogolo. Munthawi imeneyi, kukakamiza kuyenera kuyesedwa ngati munthu wayimirira ndi kunama. Pamaso pa zovuta zoterezi, wodwalayo sayenera kuimirira kwambiri kuti asawononge mawonekedwe ake.

Zakudya ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa poti munthu ayenera kudya zakudya zochepa kuti shuga m'magazi asakwe. Kenako kufunikira kwa insulin kwa thupi kumatsika, komwe kumapereka maziko othandizira bwino matenda. Kuchuluka kwa insulini mumtsinje wamagazi kumapangitsa kuti magazi azithamanga.

Koma zakudya zokhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu pang'ono ndizovomerezeka pokhapokha ngati munthu walephera impso. Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga mumtsinje wamagazi ndikwabwinobwino, ndiye kuti palibe chomwe chimalepheretsa impso kugwira ntchito mwachizolowezi, ndipo zomwe zili mu albumin mu mkodzo zimasintha msanga. Pa gawo la proteinuria ndi zakudya, ayenera kukhala osamala kwambiri, onetsetsani kuti mukumana ndi dokotala kuti mupewe mavuto.

Munthu akakhala ndi matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti amayamba kugwidwa m'magulu oopsa chifukwa cha matenda amtima. Ndi kusamutsidwa kwakhazikika kwa mankhwalawa, kukakamizidwa kumayenera kuchepetsedwa pakatha mwezi umodzi, pambuyo pake kuchepa kumapitilirabe, koma osati pamlingo woopsa kwambiri.

Muzochitika zoterezi, ndikofunikira kudziwa momwe munthu amalolerare kuti amwe mankhwala ndipo zotsatira zake zimaperekedwa bwanji? Ndi kusamukira bwino kwa mankhwalawa, kukakamiza kumayenera kutsika pang'onopang'ono, njirayi imachitika m'magawo angapo. Pambuyo polojekiti, mlingo umachuluka ndipo kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kumawonjezeka.

Ndi kuchepa kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, hypotension siyimaloledwa, yomwe imachepetsa kwambiri vuto la kugunda kwa mtima ndi sitiroko. Koma pali odwala otere omwe njira yochepetsera imadzala ndi zovuta zazikulu:

anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la impso
anthu amakhala ndi mtima komanso matenda a mtima.
okalamba omwe ziwiya zawo zimakhudzidwa ndi atherosulinosis.

Ngakhale pali mapiritsi ambiri omwe makampani amakono azachipatala amapatsa anthu, kusankha kwa mapiritsi oyenera a matendawa sikophweka. Chowonadi ndi chakuti pamene munthu wadwala kagayidwe kazakudya, ndiye kuti sangamwe mankhwala ena, izi zimaphatikizanso ndalama zochokera ku hypotension. Posankha mapiritsi, dokotala amaganizira kuchuluka kwa kayendetsedwe ka matendawa komanso ngati pali matenda amtundu wofanana ndipo ngati ndi choncho, momwe amakulira.

Mukamasankha mapiritsi, zotsatirazi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa:

kotero kuti kupanikizika m'mitsempha kumachepa kwambiri, koma mavuto ake amachepetsa,
mukamamwa mapiritsi, kuchuluka kwa shuga mumtsinje wamagazi sikuyenera kuchepa, cholesterol "yoyipa" sayenera kuchuluka,
impso ndi mtima ziyenera kutetezedwa ku zovuta zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda owopsa.

Pali mankhwala a mtundu waukulu, ndipo alipo ena owonjezera, omwe amawagwiritsa ntchito ngati dokotala atapanga lingaliro pa chithandizo chophatikiza.

Ngakhale kuti ndizosatheka kuchira kwathunthu ku matenda ngati awa, mankhwala amakono akwaniritsa bwino mdera lino. Popita kafukufuku wa zasayansi, zidapezeka kuti zotsatira zazikulu zimapezeka ngati palibe, koma mankhwalawa angapo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza. Izi ndichifukwa choti ndi matenda oopsa pali njira zingapo zopangira matenda, chifukwa chake, mankhwala aliwonse ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala osiyana.

Ngati mankhwala amodzi okha agwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwalawo, ndiye kuti theka la odwala lingadalire zotsatira zabwino, ambiri mwa iwo ndi omwe pathology idakhala yokhazikika. Ngati mankhwala ophatikiza agwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawo kumakhala kochepa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kuchuluka kwa zovuta kumakhalanso kochepa, koma zotsatira zabwino zimakwaniritsidwa mwachangu. Palinso mapiritsi oterewa omwe ali ndi njira zosinthira mokwanira zovuta zamapiritsi ena.

Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti sikuti matenda oopsa ambiri palokha ndi owopsa, koma mavuto omwe amakhalapo nawo mwanjira yogwira kwambiri. Apa, kulephera kwa impso, kugunda kwa mtima, sitiroko, pang'ono kapena kuwonongeka kwathunthu kwa masomphenya. Ndi munthawi yomweyo kukula kwa matenda ashuga ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, zovuta zambiri zimadza. Kwa munthu aliyense payekha, adotolo amawunika zowunikira ndipo kenaka amasankha ngati angachiritse matendawa ndi mtundu umodzi wa mapiritsi kapena kugwiritsa ntchito njira yothandizirana.

Ngati munthu wadwala matenda a shuga akwera m'magazi, izi zimakhala ndi zovuta kwambiri. Kuti akhazikitse vutoli, munthu ayenera kuchita zambiri, koma chithandizo chiyenera kukhala chokwanira, apo ayi zotsatira zabwino sizingakhale zoyembekezeka. Choyamba, muyenera kusintha zakudya zanu, kudya zakudya zochepa, ndiye kuti shuga mumtsinje wamagazi amachepa. Koma, ngati munthu ali ndi vuto la impso, ndiye kuti zakudya ziyenera kukhala zosiyana, pankhaniyi, muyenera kukambirana kaye ndi dokotala. Insulin yaying'ono m'mtsinje wamagazi imasintha bwino vutoli.

Matenda a shuga ndi amodzi mwa matenda ofala kwambiri masiku ano. Munthu yemwe akudwala matenda amayenera kuwunika nthawi zonse moyo wake, ndikofunikira kuwunika nthawi zonse zovuta za matenda ashuga, chifukwa kuphatikiza kwake kumatha kuyambitsa zovuta. Hypertension imatha kupangitsa magazi kulowa m'mitsempha ya ubongo, kulephera kwa impso, ndipo nthawi zina, mpaka kufa. Lero tayang'ana njira zothanirana ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi mu shuga.

Nephropathy ndi chifukwa chokhazikika chomwe kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakhudzira matenda a shuga 1. Lingaliro limalumikizidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa impso ndipo nthawi yomweyo limafotokoza njira zambiri zotupa:

nyamakazi yam'mtsempha mu impso,
matenda a kwamkodzo thirakiti
papillary necrosis ndi zina.

Woyambitsa prooperateur wamkulu ndi hyperglycemia, yemwe amawononga microvasculature ndipo amakwiya kutukusira kwa minyewa ya ziwalo, zovuta zazikulu za masokosi, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya khoma lamitsempha ndi hemodynamics yamkati. Hyperlipidemia, yomwe imayambitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi mu mtundu woyamba komanso wachiwiri wa matenda osokoneza bongo, imawerengedwa kuti ndi njira yodziwika bwino.

Kuphwanya kwapafupipafupi kwa kagayidwe ka lipid kumatchedwa kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol ndi triglycerides. Kuphwanya kulikonse kumabweretsa poizoni makamaka pa impso, zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kwa impso ndi matenda oopsa a pambuyo pake.

Pankhani ya matenda a shuga a 2, matenda oopsa oopsa amatha kuchitika - kuwonjezeka kwa kupanikizika pomwe akatswiri sangathe kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa. Nthawi zambiri, gwero limapezekabe kunenepa, ndiko kuti chakudya chosalolera kwa chakudya chamafuta. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti vuto lililonse lingathetsedwe, ndipo chithandizo chikuyenera kuperekedwa ndi katswiri wazachipatala woyenerera.

Kupsinjika kwa shuga kumatuluka mosiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu wa matenda ashuga. Ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 wodwala, matendawa samakula kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zonse pamakhala mwayi woletsa chitukuko. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga umadzadza ndi zovuta zazikulu mpaka matenda osakanikirana oopsa.

Onani mbali iliyonse mwatsatanetsatane:

Pankhani ya mtundu woyamba, magawo angapo a chitukuko awonedwa:

microalbuminuria,
proteinuria
aakulu aimpso kulephera (CRF).

Popitilirabe matendawa, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri, komanso ubale wofanana pakati pa kuchuluka kwa mitsempha ndi kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni amtunduwu ndikulondola. Chowonadi ndi chakuti pamkhalidwewu, thupi limalephera kuchotsa bwino sodium, kudziunjikira m'magazi ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa kukakamizidwa. Ngati misempha ya shuga imasinthidwa munthawi yake, kupita patsogolo kumatha kupewa.

Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatenga mizu yake pakuchepetsa mphamvu ya thupi la wodwalayo kupita ku chinthu cha insulin, chomwe chimachulukitsa nthawi yomweyo magazi. Izi zimapangira pang'onopang'ono kuchepa kwa mitsempha ndikuwonjezereka kwa kukakamiza, komanso kumawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi atherosulinosis. Vutoli limakulirakulira chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwamafuta, omwe nthawi zonse amatulutsa zinthu zowonjezera m'madzi a m'magazi.

Kupanikizika kumawonekera pambuyo pa kusintha kwotsatira m'thupi:

Mphamvu yamanjenje imayendetsedwa,
Sodium ndi madzi omwe amatsatana nawo pang'onopang'ono amadziunjikira m'thupi la wodwalayo chifukwa chovuta ndi kutuluka kwa mkodzo,
Ali ndi calcium omwe amapezeka m'maselo,
Insulini imapangitsa kuti makoma amitsempha achuluke, ndipo m'mimba mwake mumakhala matope ochepa.

Mu mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda, kuchuluka kwa kukakamiza kumayamba, kenako matenda a shuga. Chifukwa chake, kudya kokhazikika kwa carb kuyenera kukhala njira yayikulu yothandizira. Ngati sichingawonedwe, thupi limadziunjikira pang'ono m'magazi, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga.

Matenda a shuga ndi owopsa kwa wodwalayo ndikusintha kwadzidzidzi kwakanthawi, mosasamala nthawi yatsiku: ngati munthu wathanzi amakhala ndi kuchepa kwa kukakamizidwa pafupifupi 15% m'mawa, ndiye kuti wodwalayo amatha kumva, m'malo mwake, akuwonjezeka.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake madokotala amalimbikitsa kupanikizika pafupipafupi kuti athe kuwunika momwe wodwalayo alili. Izi zipangitsa kuti wopezekapo amvetsetse bwino kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa komanso ndandanda yanji ya mankhwalawa imayenera kuperekedwa kwa wodwala.

Monga tanena kale, munthu wodwala matenda ashuga amayeneranso kutsatira njira zina zopatsa thanzi, ndipo maziko ake ayenera kukhala kukana mchere kwathunthu. Kuphatikiza pa kadyedwe kena, munthu amayenera kutsatira ngakhale malamulo monga kukana kuyenda mwadzidzidzi komanso kusintha kosavuta pakati pakuyimirira, kukhala ndi kugona. Zoletsa zonse zimayang'aniridwa ndi malangizo a dokotala wothandizirana ndi zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawo.

Ngati wodwala amakhala ndi matenda oopsa komanso matenda a shuga, amadzigwetsa m'magulu a ziwopsezo zamatenda a mtima. Gawo loyamba ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mavuto m'mitsempha kuti chithandizo china chilolekere bwino. Komanso zakudya zapadera zimayikidwa ndi katswiri wazakudya, ndipo katswiri wina amasankha njira yochizira ndi mankhwala. Kuphatikiza apo, wodwalayo amatha kuchita chithandizo ndi wowerengeka azitsamba, tsopano tikambirana zonse mwatsatanetsatane mwatsatanetsatane.

Mfundo za Combined Antihypertensive Therapy

Kuphatikiza kwa njira zingapo zamankhwala sikothandiza, komanso koyenera ngati kuli ndi maziko olimba pansi pake. Kuphatikizidwa kopambana pankhani ya matenda oopsa kwambiri kumakupatsani mwayi woletsa zovuta zosiyanasiyana kukwera kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndipo nthawi zina zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala omwe amwedwa.

Mwachitsanzo, kutenga antagonists a calcium limodzi ndi ACE inhibitors kungachepetse chiopsezo chotupa cham'munsi komanso mawonekedwe a chifuwa chowuma.

Pafupifupi, kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa munthu wamba masiku ano kuyenera kusungidwa osapitirira 139/94 mm RT. Art. Kuyambira 140, wodwala amatha kuthandizira kuwonekera kwa matenda oopsa, koma pali zosankha zingapo:

kupsinjika kwa wodwala kumachuluka kapena kuchepa,
wodwala ndi mayi wapakati
akudwala matenda oopsa - odwala matenda ashuga.

Zoyenera, kupanikizika kuyenera kukhala 110/70 mm Hg. Art., Ndipo amagwira ntchito nthawi zonse ndikukumana ndi katundu wolemera - 100/60 mm RT. Art.

Komabe, aliyense ayenera kudziwa muyezo woponderezedwa pawokha, chifukwa umasiyana kwa anthu onse. Kuti mudziwe zikhalidwe zanu, muyenera kulumikizana ndi akatswiri kuchipatala.

Pa nthawi ya chithandizo, m'mwezi woyamba kupanikizika kumatsikira ku 140/90 mm RT. Art. Ngati mankhwalawa achita bwino, mwezi wotsatira kupanikizika kumatsitsidwa mpaka 130/80 mm RT. Art. Wodwala akachepetsa kupanikizika, ziyenera kuchitika pang'onopang'ono ku 10-15% m'milungu ingapo. Kutsika pang'onopang'ono kwa kupanikizika kumapewetsa hypotension ndikuwongolera thupi kubwerera kwazonse, maphunzirowa ayenera kuyimitsidwa akafika pamtunda wa 110-115 / 70-75 mm RT. Art.

Mankhwala achikhalidwe ndi njira yoopsa yochizira ngati sayang'aniridwa ndi katswiri wazachipatala kapena sanavomerezeredwe pazifukwa zamankhwala. Chithandizo chachikulu chimachitidwa ndendende ndi ma tincture pazitsamba zomwe zimatha kubwezeretsanso ma microelements ofunikira mthupi, chifukwa chake kufunsa ndi katswiri ndikofunikira, chifukwa si zitsamba zonse zomwe zimakhala zotetezeka kwa thupi la wodwalayo.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti mankhwalawa wowerengeka azitsamba amatenga nthawi yayitali, ndipo maphunzirowa amatha mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yopuma pamwezi masiku 10, koma mlingo ungachepetsedwe ngati, patatha miyezi ingapo, kusintha kwodziwikiratu kumaonekera.

Chisamaliro chachikulu chiyenera kuperekedwa kwa masamba a birch, flaxseeds, komanso zitsamba zotsatirazi:

Chosakaniza chilichonse ndizosavuta kuphatikiza ndi china chilichonse mumitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti maphikidwe omwe ali ndi maphikidwe a saber ndi oletsedwa. Izi zokha zimangokulitsa kupanikizika m'mitsempha ndipo zimatha kuyambitsa zovuta m'matenda a shuga. Tiona njira yokhazikika ya tincture, yoyesedwa ndi kuvomerezedwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito ndi odwala matenda ashuga:

Ndikofunikira kusakaniza maluwa a hawthorn, nthangala za katsabola, masamba a oregano, marigold, chamomile, sinamoni, viburnum ya motsutsana ndi motsatizana, mizu ya valerian ndi nsonga za karoti. Chigawo chilichonse chimatengedwa pamlingo wofanana ndi zina zonse.
Zosakaniza zonse zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa zimatsukidwa bwino ndikumadulidwa.
Pa supuni ziwiri za zitsamba zosakanikirana, ma millilitita 500 amadzi otentha amatengedwa.
Zotsatira zosakanikirazo zimaphatikizidwa kwa maola awiri pamalo otentha.
Uchi kapena shuga umawonjezeredwa ndi kulowetsedwa momwe mungafunire.

Kulowetsedwa uku kumayenera kuledzera pasanathe maola 12.

Kusankhidwa kwa mapiritsi kuyenera kukhala kokwanira kwambiri kuposa kusankha kwa njira zina zomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito. Mavuto omwe adalipo kale amachititsa kuti wodwalayo amwe mankhwala, kuphatikizapo antihypertensives. Mapiritsi apamwamba komanso ogwira ntchito adzasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe awa:

Kuchepetsa kupanikizika
zoyipa zochepa
samatulutsa cholesterol “yoyipa”,
mtima ndi chitetezo chaimpso motsutsana ndi zovuta za matenda ashuga.

Pazithandizo zoterezi, pali mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala, ndipo adotolo amawona kuti ndi ati omwe ali oyenera kwa wodwala, malingana ndi momwe matendawa amakulira. Pali magulu asanu ndi atatu a mapiritsi, ndipo asanu ndiomwe ali akuluakulu. Zowonjezera zofunika pakuphatikiza mankhwala.

Hypertension imayamba ndi kuchuluka kwa magazi, komanso, wodwalayo ayenera kulimbana ndi kuchuluka kwa mchere, ndichifukwa chake ma diuretics adalembedwa ndi madokotala.

Mitundu yotchedwa thiazide-diuretics imachepetsa kuopsa kwa vuto la mtima komanso kugunda kwa 20%, motero amalimbikitsidwa kwambiri ndi akatswiri.

Pafupipafupi nthawi zambiri mumakhala zotupa, makamaka zothandiza kuti munthu akhale wopepuka. Ma diuretics nthawi zambiri amathandizidwa ndi beta-blockers kapena zoletsa zovuta kuchitira mankhwala.

Mankhwalawa ndi a beta-receptor blockers, omwe amalola kuti achepetse chiopsezo cha kufa komwe kumayenderana ndi matenda amtima. Chofunika, mtundu uwu wa mankhwala umatha kubisa zizindikiritso za hypoglycemia, motero ndikofunikira kusamala pakumwa mankhwalawo. Beta-blockers ali ndi mitundu ndipo amafunikira odwala:

Ndikudwala matenda a mtima,
Kulephera kwa mtima
Popeza adakumana ndi vuto la mtima.

Madokotala nthawi zambiri amapereka mankhwala a beta-blockers a mtima, koma mankhwala a vasodilator monga Nebivolol nawonso ndi otchuka, omwe amaphatikiza bwino zakudya zawo zamagulu ochepa a shuga. Carvedilol imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri, yomwe si yosankha beta-blocker, komanso imagwira ntchito kwambiri kuwonjezera chidwi cha zimakhala m'thupi zokhudzana ndi insulin.

Gulu lazinthu zamankhwala ndi chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri pakuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, makamaka ngati pali zovuta pantchito ya impso.

Zowona, ngati wodwala wavulala kwambiri ngati impso yamitsempha yamafupa kapena stenosis yemweyo, koma impso imodzi, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti kuthetsedwe. Malangizowa amagwira ntchito kwa amayi apakati komanso odwala omwe ali ndi creatinine wambiri. Ma Ahibuloseti a ACE amafunikira kuwonjezera kukhudzidwa kwa minofu kulowa insulin, ngakhale kuti sizikhudza kuwongolera shuga.

Mankhwalawa ali ndi contraindication ofanana ndi mtundu wakale wamankhwala. Angiotensin-II receptor blockers nthawi zambiri amawayika atatenga zoletsa ngati wodwalayo angachite nawo chifukwa cha chifuwa chowuma. Wodwalayo ayenera kukonzekera mtengo wokwera wa mankhwalawa, koma mtengo wokwera umaphimbidwa ndi zotsatira zowonjezereka komanso kusowa kwa zotsatira zoyipa.

Kuphatikiza pa mankhwala ndi wowerengeka azitsamba, monga zanenedwa mobwerezabwereza, muyenera kutsata zakudya zosalekeza zamagazi ndi matenda a shuga. Matenda onse awiriwa amachititsa kuti munthu azilamulira shuga m'magazi, ndipo izi zimatheka pokhapokha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta. Pankhaniyi, mafuta, okazinga, osuta ndi zonunkhira, komanso zakudya zamchere zopanda mchere sizimachotsedwa pazakudya.

Menyuyi imayenera kukhala ndi masamba ndi zipatso, nsomba ndi mafuta a masamba. Pafupifupi, matenda oopsa omwe alipo kale komanso matenda a shuga amachititsa kuti azikhala ndi mwayi wokaonana ndi katswiri, kotero zakudya ziyenera kuphatikizidwa pamodzi ndi wazakudya. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kudya koteroko ndikwabwino pokhapokha wodwala atayamba kudwala matenda a impso.

Kazmin V.D. Matenda a shuga. Momwe mungapewere zovuta komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali. Rostov-on-Don, Nyumba Yofalitsa ku Phoenix, 2000, masamba 313, kufalitsidwa makope 10,000.
"Ndani komanso chani mdziko la matenda ashuga." Handbook yokonzedwa ndi A.M. Krichevsky. Moscow, yosindikiza nyumba "Art Business Center", 2001, masamba 160, osatchula kuzungulira.
Korkach V. I. Udindo wa ACTH ndi glucocorticoids pakukhazikitsa mphamvu kagayidwe, Zdorov'ya - M., 2014. - 152 p.
M.I. Balabolkin “Matenda a shuga. Kodi ndingakhale bwanji ndi moyo wabwino. ” M., kufalitsa kwa magazini "Pamalo omenyera" asitikali amkati a Unduna wa Zachilendo, 1998

Ndiloleni ndidziwitse. Dzina langa ndi Elena. Ndakhala ndikugwira ntchito ya endocrinologist kwa zaka zoposa 10. Ndikukhulupirira kuti pakadali pano ndili katswiri pantchito yanga ndipo ndikufuna kuthandiza alendo onse omwe amapezeka patsamba lino kuti athetse zovuta koma osati ntchito. Zinthu zonse za tsambalo amazisonkhanitsa ndikuzikonza mosamala kuti athe kufotokoza zambiri zofunikira. Musanagwiritse ntchito zomwe zikufotokozedwa pa webusayiti, kukambirana ndi akatswiri ndizofunikira nthawi zonse.