Mwazotheka shuga m'magazi pambuyo pa zaka 30

Magazi a shuga m'magazi amatengera zaka, kulemera komanso thanzi labwino. Kupatuka kuzizwitsa kumatha kuwonetsa njira zina za pathological. Kuwunikira panthawiyi komanso kudziwa momwe matenda a shuga amathandizira kupewa kukula kwa matenda ashuga mwa akazi ndi amuna pambuyo pa zaka 30.

Thupi limalandira shuga pambuyo podya, chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa chakudya chamafuta. Vutoli limalowa m'magazi, limalowa m'maselo, limawakhutiritsa ndi mphamvu yofunikira ndikulankhula komanso kuyenda.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pambuyo pa zaka 30 zimatengera:

  • chakudya
  • kakhalidwe
  • kupsinjika kwamthupi ndi m'malingaliro.

Kuwunikira kumachitika mu labotale kapena kugwiritsa ntchito glucometer. Kusanthula koyamba kumachitika m'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Ngati zotsatira za mayesowa ndizokayikira, kafukufuku owonjezera pa kulekerera kwa shuga amachitika. Kubwerezabwereza magazi kumachitika maola 2 mutatenga njira ya shuga 75%. Kafukufukuyu amalimbikitsidwa kwa anthu athanzi, odwala matenda ashuga, komanso anthu omwe amakonda matendawa. Mu shuga, glucometry iyenera kuchitidwa katatu patsiku.

Kuti zotsatira zake zizikhala zolondola momwe mungathere, muyenera kukonzekera bwino phunzirolo:

  • Kusiya kudya kuyenera kukhala maola 8-10 musanapereke magazi.
  • Kwa masiku awiri, perekani zakumwa zoledzeretsa, zam'kamwa komanso mankhwala a corticosteroid.

Mwazotheka shuga m'magazi pambuyo pa zaka 30
Njira YofufuziraZotsatira (mmol / L)
Kusala (magazi a capillary)3,2–5,7
Kusala (magazi a venous)4,1–6,3
Pambuyo pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi (kudya shuga kapena chakudya)7,8
Pa nthawi yoyembekezera6,3

Muyezo wa shuga wamagazi sasintha mwa akazi kuyambira zaka 14 mpaka 45. Paukalamba, kuchuluka kwa glucose kumawonjezeka pang'ono, komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kusamba kwa kusintha kwa msambo. Nthawi zonse akazi azaka zapakati pa 45-60 ndi 3.8-5.9 mmol / l, 60-90 wazaka - 4.2-6.2 mmol / l.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga mwa amayi apakati omwe ali ndi zaka 31 mpaka 33 nthawi zonse sikungachitike chifukwa cha zovuta zam'mimba. Zizindikiro za matenda osokoneza bongo amasonyezedwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa shuga mpaka 7 mmol / L. Nthawi zambiri, matenda am'mimba amadziwika mwa amayi apakati pambuyo zaka 35 ndi anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la matendawa. Pofuna kupewa zovuta za chitukuko cha fetal, shuga amayenera kuchepetsedwa mwa njira zachilengedwe komanso zakudya.

Njira yothandizira komanso kugawa shuga imayendetsedwa ndi insulin, yomwe imapangidwa ndi kapamba. Kuphatikizika kwina kwa mahomoni ndi glucose kumapangitsa kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito bwino.

Mwazotheka shuga m'magazi pambuyo pa zaka 30
M'badwoZotsatira (mmol / L)
Zaka 30-503,9–5,8
Zaka 50-604,4–6,2
60-90 wazaka4,6–6,4

Mwa amuna, zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga zimasinthasintha mwachangu ndi zaka. Chizindikirocho chikukhudzidwa ndi:

  • chikhalidwe cha zakudya
  • zolimbitsa thupi
  • kupanikizika pafupipafupi.

Mosiyana ndi amayi, amuna amakonda amakonda zizolowezi zoyipa - kumwa komanso kusuta. Chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, kugonana mwamphamvu kumatha kulemera pambuyo pa zaka 30 mpaka 35. Ali pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda ashuga ndi amuna achikulire kuposa zaka 50.

Zifukwa zopatuka

Kupenda kungawonetse kuchuluka kapena kuchepa kwa shuga wamagazi. Ngati zotsatira za mayeso osala kudya ndi 7.8 mmol / L, amatha kudziwa mtundu wa prediabetes. Miyezi yoposa 11.1 mmol / L, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda a shuga ogwirizana ndi insulin ndi okwera.

Nthawi zambiri, shuga wambiri amatsimikizika panthawi yopanga shuga. Zomwe zimayambitsa kupatuka kuzizungulira zimatha kukhala matenda a chiwindi (hepatitis, cirrhosis) kapena endocrine system (hypothyroidism, matenda a Addison). Pankhani ya kukanika kwa pancreatic, pamakhala kusowa kwa insulin, chifukwa chake thupi silitha kuthana ndi kukonzanso kwa glucose. Kuwonjezeka kwa shuga kumadziwika chifukwa chodya kwambiri michere yamagetsi yosavuta kugaya, yomwe ndi gawo la maswiti, zipatso zotsekemera, ndi zinthu zina zamafuta.

Mwa akazi, hyperglycemia imachitika nthawi zambiri. Posachedwa, mphamvu ya mahomoni imakhazikika, ndipo shuga amachepetsa. Ngati simukuyendetsa moyenerera, kusamba kungayambitse matenda ashuga.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kulephera kwa impso, kumwa mankhwala osachepetsa a shuga, kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, kapena kusala kudya kwanthawi yayitali. Hypoglycemia nthawi zambiri imayamba motsutsana ndi maziko omwe amapanga insulin.

Hyperglycemia

  • kutopa,
  • kufooka
  • mutu
  • ludzu losalekeza
  • kumverera kwa njala.

Ngakhale ndi chakudya chabwino komanso zakudya zoyenera, wodwalayo amayamba kuchepa thupi. Chitetezo chokwanira chimachepetsedwa, chifukwa chomwe pali tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso matenda opatsirana. Kubadwanso kochepa kwa mabala ndi kudula pakhungu kumadziwika. Polyuria yomwe imakonda kukodza usiku imatha. Shuga wambiri amatha kupangitsa kuti magazi azikula, omwe amayenda ndi magazi ofooka komanso thrombosis. Momwe magazi amaperekera ziwalo zimasokonekera, chiopsezo cha matenda amtundu wa mtima ndi mtima chikukula.

Hypoglycemia

  • kupweteka mutu pafupipafupi
  • kutopa kwambiri
  • kugunda kwa mtima
  • kutuluka thukuta kwambiri
  • chisangalalo chamanjenje
  • kukokana.

Kusokonezeka kwa kugona, zolota usiku ndi nkhawa ndizotheka.

Panthawi yochepetsetsa kapena kuwonjezeka kwa misempha ya glucose, kuthekera kwakukulu kokuluka kwa chikumbumtima, komanso hypo- kapena hyperglycemic coma.

Kuti mukhale ndi shuga wabwinobwino pambuyo pa zaka 30, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa kadyedwe. Pewani kupsinjika kwamthupi ndi m'malingaliro. Popewa kukula kwa matendawa, phunzirani magazi pafupipafupi.

Chizindikiro cha shuga m'magazi pambuyo pa zaka 30 pamimba yopanda kanthu

Hyperglycemia amatanthauza shuga wambiri wamwazi. Pali zosiyanapo zingapo pamene kuchuluka kwa shuga kwambiri kumawonekera kukhala koyenera. Madzi a shuga a plasma ochulukirapo amatha kuyankha bwino. Kuchita koteroko kumapereka minofu yowonjezera mphamvu ikafunika, mwachitsanzo, pakulimbitsa thupi kwambiri.

Monga lamulo, kuyankha kumakhala kwakanthawi kochepa m'chilengedwe, ndiye kuti, kumalumikizidwa ndi mtundu wina wamavutidwe omwe thupi la munthu lingadutse. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwambiri sikungokhala minofu yogwira ntchito kokha.

Mwachitsanzo, kwakanthawi, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumatha kuchuluka kwa munthu yemwe akumva kupweteka kwambiri. Ngakhale kukhudzika kwamphamvu, monga mantha osaletseka, kumatha kuyambitsa hyperglycemia yochepa.

Nchiyani chikuwopseza hyperglycemia?

Mlingo wabwinobwino wamagazi a zaka 31 mpaka 39 ndi chizindikiro chovuta kwambiri chomwe chimayenera kuyang'aniridwa kangapo pachaka. Kasitomala ndiye amachititsa kuti pakhale timadzi tambiri timene timatchedwa insulin. Ndi hormone iyi yomwe imayambitsa shuga m'magazi.

Chifukwa chake, pakakhala shuga wambiri, kapamba amawonjezera kupanga insulini. Ngati timadzi timene timapangidwa pang'ono kapena satipanga konse, ndiye kuti shuga wowonjezera amakhala minofu ya adipose.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumabweretsa chitukuko cha matenda monga matenda a shuga. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti ngakhale atakhala ndi zaka zingati, matenda angakhudze bambo wazaka 35, mwana kapena nkhalamba.

Kuyankha kwa ubongo pakuchepa kwa timadzi tam'magazi ndimakumwa kwambiri, omwe amakhala nawo kwakanthawi. Chifukwa chake, wodwalayo amatha kuchepa thupi, chinthu choyamba kupita ndi mafuta osunthika. Koma patapita nthawi, njirayi imatha kudzetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga kukhazikika mkati mwa chiwindi ndikuwatsogolera kunenepa kwambiri.

Zambiri za shuga zimakhudzanso khungu. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndikuti shuga imatha kuyanjana ndi collagen, yomwe imakhala pakhungu, ndikuwononga kwambiri. Ngati thupi lilibe collagen, khungu limayamba kuchepa komanso kusakhazikika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azikalamba msanga.

Kupatuka kwa chizindikiritso poyerekeza ndi kwakukulu kumayambitsa kusowa kwa mavitamini a B .. Amayamba kutengeka pang'onopang'ono ndi thupi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa zovuta ndi impso, mtima, mapapu ndi ziwalo zina.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti hyperglycemia ndi matenda omwe amafala kwambiri, makamaka akafika zaka za amuna, pafupi zaka 32- 38, komanso mwa azimayi azaka 37. Koma mutha kupewa kuwonekeranso matendawa.

Pazinthu izi ndikofunikira kuti mupereke magazi pafupipafupi kuti muyeze, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, idyani moyenera ndikuwunika momwe mulili.

Kodi tikukamba za chiyani?

Pali tebulo lapadera pomwe likuwonetsedwa bwino lomwe zomwe shuga imayenera kukhala m'magazi a mwamuna ndi mkazi pazaka zina.

Ziyenera kudziwika nthawi yomweyo kuti chizindikiro cha zaka 33, mwachitsanzo, chizikhala chofanana ndi cha zaka 14 - 65. Kusanthula ndi gawo lamwazi, lomwe liyenera kuchitidwa m'mimba yopanda kanthu m'mawa:

Mwazi wokwanira wamagazi mwa amuna kapena akazi umawonedwa monga zotsatira za matenda amtundu wa 2 kapena matenda ashuga a 2. Ndikukonzekera kuti kuchuluka kwa mayeso omwe amaperekedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu kudzaposa 5.5 mmol / L.

Chofunika kwambiri ndi chakudya chomwe chidadyedwa pakupuma. Komabe, kuchita kafukufukuyu sikungatsimikizire kuti tili ndi matenda olondola komanso osatsimikizira.

Momwe mungasinthire shuga m'magazi? Wodwala akapezeka ndi matenda a shuga atazindikira hyperglycemia, ayenera kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, motsogozedwa ndi malangizo a endocrinologist. Wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kutsatira zakudya zinazake zama carb ochepa, azigwiritsa ntchito kwambiri, komanso amwe mankhwala onse omwe amachepetsa shuga.

Izi, monga lamulo, zimakulolani kuti musinthe mtundu wa glucose komanso ngakhale mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga. Chofunikira kukumbukira ndi chakuti kwa amuna omwe ali ndi zaka 34 kapena 35, ndipo kwa akazi, chizindikirochi chimawerengedwa kuti ndi chofunikira:

  1. Ngati zinthuzo zidatengedwa pamimba yopanda chala - kuyambira 6.1 mmol / l.
  2. Ngati magazi adatengedwa kuchokera m'mitsempha musanadye - kuchokera pa 7.0 mmol / L.

Monga momwe gome lachipatala lasonyezera, ola limodzi mutatha kudya, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kukwera mpaka 10 mmol / l. Amayi ndi abambo amisinkhu yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza zaka 36 ndi zina zambiri, adatengapo gawo kupeza data kudzera pa mayeso. Patatha maola awiri mutatha kudya, chizindikirochi chimatsika pafupifupi 8 mmol / L, pomwe nthawi yake yogona ndi 6 mmol / L.

Komanso, endocrinologists aphunzira kusiyanitsa pakati pa matenda a prediabetesic pomwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakhala kovuta. Zilibe kanthu kuti ndi ndani yemwe amakamba za munthu wazaka 37- 38 kapena msungwana wazaka makumi awiri. Ngakhale kwa msungwana wazaka khumi ndi zinayi, chizindikiro ichi chimachokera ku 5.5 mpaka 6 mmol / l. Kanema yemwe ali munkhaniyi akuwonetsa momwe mungayang'anire magazi anu.

Norm, kuchuluka ndi kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi mwa amuna

Chizolowezi cha shuga chamagazi mwa amuna chimasungidwa chifukwa cha kapamba. Imasunga insulin ndi glucagon. Mothandizidwa ndi mahomoni awa, kuchuluka kwa glucose koyenera kumasungidwa. Chizindikiro ichi ndichofanana ndi chiwerewere. Zinthu zina zimathandizira pamenepa. Ndikofunikira kudya bwino, kusiya zizolowezi zoipa.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi ndi kotani?

Kugwiritsa ntchito kuyezetsa magazi, shuga, koma osati shuga, ndi otsimikiza. Ndi chofunikira ndichinthu chilichonse chofunikira kuchita. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito ku ubongo. M'malo mwa mpweya wa glucose suyenera kumuyandikira.

Njira Zoyesera Mwazi za Shuga

Kutsimikiza kwa glucose wamagazi mu diagnostics a label ikuchitika mwa njira zotsatirazi:

  • kusanthula kwenikweni kwa venous kapena capillary biofluid (magazi),
  • GTT (mayeso a glucose kulolerana),
  • kusanthula kwa HbA1C (glycosylated, glycated hemoglobin).

Kukonzekera kafukufuku kumaphatikizapo malamulo ochepa osavuta. Wodwala amafunikira:

  • masiku ochepa phunzirolo lisanachitike, pewani zakudya zamafuta,
  • Masiku 2-3 kupatula zakumwa zokhala ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa,
  • chotsani mankhwala kwakanthawi (kwa masiku 2-3),
  • tsiku lotsatira la kusanthula kuti muchepetse zolimbitsa thupi, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta osavuta (maswiti),
  • onetsetsani dongosolo la kusala kudya kwa maola 8-10 musanachitike njirayi (kusala kudya ndiye njira yayikulu yopezera zotsatira zakufufuzira).

M'mawa pa tsiku la kusanthula, sizikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzichita ukhondo wamkamwa, popeza mano amkamwa amatha kukhala ndi shuga pakapangidwe. Ndipo uyeneranso kusiya chikumbumtima, osachepera ola limodzi maphunziro asanakwane. Pamaso kusanthula, ndizoletsedwa kupimidwa x-ray, magawo olimbitsa thupi.

Ngati zotsatira za ma microscopy sizikhutiritsa (kuchuluka kapena kuchepa kwa ziwonetsero zokhudzana ndi zomwe zikuwonetsedwa), malangizo oti awunike amasinthidwa mobwerezabwereza. Zopereka zamagazi ndizofunikira pakadutsa sabata iliyonse.

Kuwona bwino kwa zotsatirazi kumakhudzidwa ndi:

  • Matenda oopsa tsiku lotsatira
  • kusagwirizana ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso kufa ndi njala musanaunike,
  • nkhawa
  • mankhwala a mahomoni
  • kumwa mowa.

Kupatuka kwa zotsatira kuchokera kumunda wabwinobwino wophunzirira kawiri ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma microscopy apite patsogolo.

Chiyeso chololera cha glucose ndi kafukufuku wa labotale wozikidwa pamiyeso iwiri yamagazi:

  • makamaka pamimba yopanda kanthu
  • mobwerezabwereza - maola awiri atatha "shuga" (wodwalayo amamwa yankho lamadzi, mthupi la 75 g pa 200 ml ya madzi).

GTT imatsimikiza kuloleza kwa glucose, ndiko kuti, kuchuluka kwa momwe zimagwirira ntchito zomanga thupi. Izi zimapereka maziko azindikira matenda owonjezera a shuga kapena boma la prediabetes. Matenda a shuga ndi mzere wam'mphepete mwa thupi pomwe shuga amachulukira, koma osagwirizana ndi shuga yeniyeni. Mosiyana ndi matenda ashuga, prediabetes imasinthidwanso.

Udindo wa shuga kwa amuna

Glucose imapereka mphamvu ku maselo, minyewa, ndi ubongo. Ngati mulingo wake watsika, ndiye kuti mafuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito bwino. Zimasokonekera, pambuyo pake matupi a ketone amawonekera, omwe amakhudza kwambiri ntchito ya ziwalo zonse, makamaka ubongo.

Munthu amatenga shuga ku chakudya. Zina mwa zinthu zake zimakhala m'chiwindi, ndikupanga glycogen. Panthawi yoyenera, mothandizidwa ndimomwe mankhwala amachitikira, amasintha kukhala shuga pamene thupi lifunikira.

Mulingo wabwinobwino sudutsa kupitirira 3.3-5.5 mmol / L. Munthu akadya, ziwerengerozi zimakula. Kenako mulingo wabwinobwino mwa munthu wathanzi sudzakhala woposa 7.8.

Musanapite kukayezetsa, simuyenera kudya zakudya zoposa maola eyiti. Mwazi wofufuza amatengedwa kuchokera pachala. Mankhwala, kusanthula koteroko kumatchedwa capillary. Ikachotsedwa mumtsempha, zizowongolera zimasintha pang'ono. Mlingo wa shuga uyenera kukhala 6.1-7 mmol / L.

Mfundo zachikhalidwe zimadaliranso zaka. Mwakutero:

  • mwa akhanda mpaka milungu 4, shuga wambiri ayenera kukhala 2.8-4.4,
  • mwa ana ochepera zaka 14 # 8212, 3.3-5.6,
  • mwa amuna ochepera zaka 90 # 8212, 4.6-6.4,
  • wamkulu kuposa zaka 90 # 8212, 4.2-6.7.

Zizindikiro izi zimatsimikizira kuti shuga imatha kudziunjikira ndi zaka, kotero kuchuluka kwa shuga kumachuluka. Zomwe zili m'magazi zitha kupitirira muyeso, munthu amatha kudwala matenda osiyanasiyana, omwe amakhudza ntchito ya ziwalo zonse.

Mothandizidwa ndi shuga, munthu amalandila mphamvu zoyenera.Zinthu zake zikangotsika, zochita za mwamunayo zimavutikanso. Pankhaniyi, nthawi zambiri amakhala atatopa, vuto lakelo siliwokhutira.

Koma kupitilira muyeso sikumapereka ma pluses. Mafuta ochulukirapo amakhudza impso. Munthu amataya madzimadzi, chifukwa nthawi zambiri amayamba kupita kuchimbudzi. Kuchokera pamenepa, si maselo onse omwe adzadutsa magazi, chifukwa amakhala akulu, samalowa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono.

Kuchulukitsa

Kuwonjezeka kwa misempha ya shuga kumatchedwa hyperglycemia. Kuchokera pamenepa, chitukuko chikuyembekezeka:

  • thyrotoxicosis,
  • matenda ashuga
  • pancreatic pathologies,
  • matenda a impso, chiwindi.

Kuphwanya malamulo kotereku kungayambitse matenda a mtima.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa glucose kwapezeka, kuunikiranso kwachiwiri kuyenera kuchitidwa. Ngati akatswiri angatsimikizire, titha kunena motsimikiza kuti kapamba walephera kugwira ntchito. Insulin yaying'ono ikapangidwa, njira zonse za metabolic zimapereka zosinthika, zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonekera kwa mahomoni, kukula kwa matenda. Kuchokera ku zovuta zam'mimba za chiwalo chimodzi, ntchito ya ena onse imasintha.

Pali nthawi zina zomwe insulin singamasulidwe konse. Koma thupi limasowa chinthu ichi, choncho wodwala amayenera kulowa m'manjamo. Muyenera kuchita izi pafupipafupi. Nthawi zina, insulini imapitilizidwa kupanga, koma palibe zomwe zimachitika m'maselo. Kuphwanya kumeneku kumafunikira chithandizo chapadera.

Ndi chitukuko cha matenda ashuga, mutha kuwona izi:

  • kumverera kwa ludzu komwe kumakusunthani tsiku lonse
  • maonekedwe a kuyabwa
  • kumverera kofooka
  • kulemera kwa thupi kumachuluka.

Kuchepetsa shuga

Glycemia imatchedwa kuchepa kwa glucose. Zimakhudzanso thupi. Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga kwatsika kwambiri, munthu amafunika thandizo mwachangu.

Kuphwanya kotereku kumawoneka ngati matenda otere:

  • matenda a endocrine
  • kukula kwa chiwindi, matenda a chiwindi,
  • matenda am'mimba thirakiti.

Pali zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi lisinthe. Izi zikuphatikiza:

  • Kudziletsa pakudya kwanthawi yayitali,
  • pafupipafupi katundu wolemera
  • poyizoni ndi mowa, njira zosiyanasiyana.

Kuchepa kwa shuga kumakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa ubongo, ndipo kuyambira izi pali zizindikiro:

  • kupweteka mutu pafupipafupi
  • munthu amatopa msanga
  • zimachitika
  • munthu amatuluka thukuta kwambiri
  • kukokana kuwoneka.

Kuchokera pazophwanya izi, munthu amatha kugwa. Glycemia imatha kukhazikikanso mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga. Izi zimachitika pamene kuchuluka kwa insulini kumayikidwa mankhwala.

Nthawi zambiri misempha ya shuga imatsitsidwa mwa anthu omwe amamwa mowa wambiri. Kuti mupewe vutoli, muyenera kuyang'anira zakudya zanu, osagwiritsa ntchito tiyi, khofi wamphamvu, mowa.

Kodi mungasunge bwanji shuga wabwinobwino?

Kuti muwone cholakwika chokhudzana ndi zomwe zili mu shuga munthawi yake, muyenera kukayezetsa bwino kuchipatala.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa anthu omwe:

  • kunenepa kwambiri kumawonedwa,
  • pali matenda a chiwindi, chithokomiro.

Sitikulimbikitsidwa kudya zakudya zamafuta, zotsekemera mukamakonzekera kampeni yoyesa. Zabwino koposa zonse, ngati mwadutsa mayeso obwereza, palibe kupitirira malire a shuga okhutira. Ziyeneranso kukhala zopanda mkodzo kwathunthu.

Kwa omwe chizindikiro chawo chikuwonetsa kuphwanya, ayenera kulandira chithandizo mwachangu. Mwa izi, mutha kuphatikiza njira za anthu. Muyeneranso kupita kumasewera, kuyang'anira zakudya, nthawi zambiri kuyenda mumlengalenga, yesetsani kuti musakhale pamavuto. Izi zimakhudza thupi lonse.

Kupatuka kuzololedwa. Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani?

Kupatuka kwa zizindikiro zamayeso kuchokera manambala abwinobwino kungasonyeze makamaka kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga ndi matenda okhudzana nawo.

Kuti dokotala athe kupeza matenda omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, mkhalidwe wa mwamunayo uyenera kukhala wofanana ndi izi:

  • shuga m'magazi amatengedwa kuti akayezetse m'mimba mopanda kanthu (kawiri) - 7.1 mmol / l kapena 126 mg / s (atha kukhala apamwamba)
  • shuga wamagazi amatengedwa patatha maola awiri atatha kudya ndikuwunika mwachisawawa - 11.0 mmol / L kapena 201 mg / dl (akhoza kukhala apamwamba).

Wodwala amatha kukhala ndi zizindikiro zina za matenda ashuga:

  • kukodza pafupipafupi usiku,
  • ludzu lalikulu
  • kudya kwambiri ndi kunenepa nthawi yomweyo,
  • mavuto ndi erection
  • dzanzi la miyendo ndikuwoneka bwino.

Zochulukirapo zizidziwitso zitha kukhala ndi zifukwa zina:

  • sitiroko
  • vuto la mtima
  • Cushing's syndrome
  • kudya kwambiri mankhwala ena kapena acromegaly (kukula kwambiri kwa mahomoni).

Zizindikiro zikuponya pansipa 2.9 mmol / l kapena 50 mg / dl. mwa amuna okhala ndi zizindikiro hypoglycemia zitha kuwonetsa zomwe zachitika insulinomas (chotupa chomwe chimatulutsa insulin yambiri).

Kusanthula pa HbA1C

Glycated hemoglobin ndi gawo limodzi la mapuloteni a maselo ofiira a m'magazi (hemoglobin) ndi glucose, omwe sasintha kapangidwe kake kwa masiku 120. Kuwunika kwa HbA1C kumapereka chiwonetsero chazofunikira zamagulu a shuga munthawiyi. Phunziroli limachitika chimodzimodzi ndi mayeso oyambira a shuga. Ndi miyeso itatu yowonjezereka, ma endocrinologist adayikidwa kuti abweretse amuna.

Zosankha

Ndi microscopy yama biochemical, magawo otsala amayesedwa nthawi yomweyo, kuphatikiza mlingo wa cholesterol. Phunziroli silofunikanso, chifukwa nthawi zambiri, kusintha kwa mtima kwa atherosulinotic kumayendera ndi hyperglycemia. Ma cholesterol athunthu sayenera kukhala apamwamba kuposa 6.9 mmol / L (LDL - kuchokera ku 2.25 mpaka 4.82 mmol / L, HDL - kuchokera pa 0.70 mpaka 1.73 mmol / L).

Makhalidwe abwino

Millimole pa lita imodzi (mmol / l) - kuchuluka kwa labotale muyezo wa glycemia wolandiridwa ku Russian Federation. Malire otsika a shuga wabwinobwino mwa amuna akuluakulu obadwa ndi ana ndi 3.5 mmol / L, ndipo chapamwamba ndi 5.5 mmol / L. Mwa ana achimuna ndi achinyamata, chizolowezi chimacheperachepera.

Akuluakulu (opitilira zaka 60), mitengo ya glycemia imasunthira kumtunda. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha ukalamba wogwirizana ndi thupi (kuchepa kwa minyewa yokhudzana ndi insulin). Matenda a shuga m'magazi mwa mibadwo ya anthu (m'mol / l):

AnaAnyamata ndi achinyamata nthawi yakutha msinkhuAmunaAnthu okalamba
kuyambira 2.7 mpaka 4.4kuyambira 3,3 mpaka 5.5kuyambira 4.1 mpaka 5.5kuyambira 4.6 mpaka 6.4

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatsimikizika pamimba yopanda kanthu! Zotsatira zabwino zakufufuzira zimawonedwa kuti ndi 4.2-4.6 mmol / L. Mulingo wovomerezeka wamalire am'munsi wa glucose ndi 3,3 mmol / L. Physiological hyperglycemia mutatha kudya, ilinso ndi yoyendetsera.

Kuchulukitsa kwa shuga komwe kumakhazikitsidwa ola limodzi ndikatha kudya, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa mamol / L kumatsika, ndipo pambuyo maola atatu shuga amabwerera ku mtengo wake woyambirira. Glycemia atatha kudya sayenera kukwera kuposa 2.2 mmol / L (ndiye kuti, zotsatira zake zonse zimakwanira mkati mwa 7.7 mmol / L).

Zizindikiro zoyeserera magazi

Pozindikira panthawi yake za matenda ashuga komanso mtundu wa prediabetes, amuna azaka zopitilira 50 amalimbikitsidwa kuti azichita kuyezetsa magazi kwa glucose pachaka. Mayendedwe a phunziroli adawonetsedwa ndi adokotala pakuwunikira wodwala nthawi zonse, komanso pazodandaula zomwe wodwalayo adandaula.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za hyperglycemia ndi:

  • ludzu losatha (polydipsia),
  • Hypoactivity, kutopa msanga, kuchepa kwa ntchito, kugona.
  • kukodza pafupipafupi (polakiuria),
  • kuphwanya mawonekedwe osinthika a khungu,
  • kulakalaka kwambiri (polyphagy),
  • kuthamanga kwa magazi
  • zoletsa za libido (chilakolako chogonana) ndi ntchito ya erectile.

  • chizungulire ndi cephalgic syndrome (mutu),
  • nseru mutadya,
  • nkhondo zosalamulirika,
  • matenda ogwedezeka ndi kunjenjemera kwa manja,
  • kufooka kwa neuropsychological (asthenia),
  • kuphwanya kwa kutentha (kuzizira, kuzizira kwa miyendo),
  • kutentha kwa mtima (tachycardia).

Ndi kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi, kuthekera kwachepetsa kufooka, kukumbukira ndi ntchito zina zazidziwitso zimalephera.

Zoyambitsa glycemia wosakhazikika mwa amuna

Kuchuluka kapena kusowa kwa shuga mthupi kungakhale chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa matenda osazindikira, kuwonekera pazinthu zakunja, kudya kopanda thanzi komanso kusokoneza bongo. Choyambirira cha glucose, choyambirira, chikuwonetsa chitukuko cha odwala omwe samadalira insulin a mtundu wachiwiri kapena boma la prediabetes.

  • mowa mwauchidakwa (uchidakwa),
  • kunenepa kwambiri
  • cholowa cholowa.

Hyperglycemia ikhoza kuchitika motsutsana ndi maziko a:

  • aakulu kapamba (kutupa kwa kapamba),
  • Matenda a khansa (ngakhale thupi lomwe lawonongeka pa oncological),
  • hyperthyroidism (kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro),
  • mankhwala a mahomoni
  • mtima pathologies (makamaka, kugunda kwa mtima ndi stroko, m'mbuyomu).

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatsimikizira kukhala ndi thanzi labwino:

  • kuchepa kwa chinthu chopangira vitamini-mineral m'thupi chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa m'thupi (zakudya zopanda chakudya),
  • kusokonezeka pafupipafupi kwa neuropsychological (nkhawa),
  • zolimbitsa thupi zomwe zimapitilira mphamvu ya mwamunayo (kumwa mopanda kumwa kwa glycogen),
  • Kugwiritsa ntchito maswiti (kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta ochepa kumayambitsa kukwera kwakukulu, ndiye kutsika kwamphamvu kwa zizindikiro za shuga),
  • kuledzera ndi mowa, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mankhwala.

Kugwa kwakuthwa kwa zizindikiro za glucose (pansipa 3.3 mmol / L) kukuwopseza kukula kwa vuto la hypoglycemic. Wodwala amafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala chodzidzimutsa.

Zotsatira za hyperglycemia kwa thupi laimuna

Kukhazikika kwa shuga wabwinobwino mwa amuna kumawopseza kukula kwa matenda a shuga a 2, komanso zovuta zotsatirazi:

  • kuphwanya zam'magazi mtima, chifukwa - kugunda kwa mtima,
  • magazi osakwanira kuubongo, chiwopsezo cha kugwidwa,
  • kuwonongeka kwa magazi chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa magazi ndi kusintha kwake,
  • kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa erectile,
  • kutsika kwamawonedwe owoneka,
  • kukanika kwa impso.

Matenda a shuga osakhazikika ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro zamatenda a shuga. Matenda a endocrine dongosolo la thupi amatanthauza matenda osachiritsika, omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi zovuta zowonongeka. Kuti mupeze kupatuka kwakanthaŵi, ndikofunikira kupenda magazi pafupipafupi kuti mupeze shuga.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuphunzira ngati zizindikiritso za matenda ashuga zimawoneka (polyphaphia, polydipsia, pollakiuria, kufooka, kusokonekera kwa khungu, kuthamanga kwa magazi). Kuzindikira matenda a shuga kumachitika pokhapokha ngati ma labotale azowonetsa magazi:

  • maphunziro oyamba a magazi a capillary kapena venous,
  • kuyeserera kwa shuga
  • kusanthula kwa glycosylated hemoglobin level.

Mulingo wambiri wa glucose pamimba yopanda kanthu kwa amuna a msinkhu wobereka ndi 5.5 mmol /. Kuchulukitsa pang'ono kumaloledwa (osapitirira 0,8 mmol / L) mwa amuna azaka zopitilira 60, chifukwa cha kusintha kwokhudzana ndi zaka mu kumva kwa minofu ndi maselo kulowa insulin.

Njira zopewera kukhala ndi glycemia mwa abambo ndi awa:

  • kukhala ndi chakudya chopatsa thanzi: malire a zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta a nyama, komanso kuyambitsa mndandanda wazakudya zonse zopezeka mu fiber, mchere ndi mavitamini (masamba atsopano ndi zipatso, mtedza, nyemba ndi chimanga),
  • kudya mwatsatanetsatane mavitamini ndi michere mineral,
  • kusamwa mowa wambiri wa maswiti ndi mowa,
  • masewera olimbitsa thupi okhazikika.

Zizindikiro zikayamba, muyenera kufunsa thandizo kuchipatala.

Kusiya Ndemanga Yanu