Kwa aliyense pali njira yochezera, kupirira ndi kugonjetsa. Mafunso ndi Vasily Golubev wokhudza za DiaChallenge

Pa Seputembara 14, kutsimikizira kwa polojekiti yapaderadera kunachitika pa YouTube - kuwonetsa koyamba komwe kumabweretsa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba. Cholinga chake ndikuphwanya anthu okhudzana ndi matendawa ndi kunena zomwe zingasinthe moyo wa munthu wodwala matendawa kuti akhale wabwinoko. Kwa masabata angapo, akatswiriwo adagwira ntchito ndi otenga nawo mbali - wophunzitsira za endocrinologist, wophunzitsa zolimbitsa thupi, ndipo, wochita zamisala. Tidafunsa Vasily Golubev, katswiri wama psychologist, membala wathunthu wa Professional Psychotherapeutic League of the Russian Federation komanso katswiri wovomerezeka wa European Association of Psychotherapy, kuti atiuze za ntchito ya DiaChallenge ndi kutipatsa uphungu wofunika kwa owerenga athu.

Vasily, chonde tiuzeni ntchito yayikulu inali chiyani pa ntchito ya DiaChallenge?

Tanthauzo la polojekitiyi likuwonetsedwa mu dzina lake - Challenge, lomwe potanthauzira kuchokera ku Chingerezi limatanthawuza "zovuta". Kuti tichite chinthu chovuta, "kuvomereza zovuta", zida zina, mphamvu zamkati zimafunikira. Ndinafunika kuthandiza otenga nawo mbali kupeza mphamvuzi mwa iwo eni kapena kudziwa komwe angapangire ndikuphunzira momwe angazigwiritsire ntchito.

Ntchito yanga yayikulu pantchito iyi ndikuphunzitsa aliyense mwa omwe ali mgulu lodzipangira kwambiri komanso kudzilamulira, chifukwa izi ndi zomwe zimathandiza ambiri kudziwa cholinga cha moyo wawo. Chifukwa cha izi, ndinayenera kupanga magawo osiyanasiyana kwa aliyense mwa omwe atenga nawo mbali kuti akwaniritse kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe ali nazo ndi maluso awo.

Pali zochitika zina zomwe ophunzira adadabwitsani, kapena ngati china chake chasokonekera monga mwakonzera?

Sindinayenera kudabwitsidwa kwambiri. Chifukwa cha ntchito yanga, ndimayenera kuphunzira zochitika zosiyanasiyana m'mikhalidwe ya anthu, kenako pang'onopang'ono ndimalingalire njira yothetsera mavuto awo.

Ambiri mwa omwe anali nawo pa polojekitiyi adawonetsa kulimbikira ndi kukonzekera kuwuka mobwerezabwereza m'njira yomwe akwaniritsa.

Mukuganiza, Vasily, phindu lalikulu ndi liti lomwe omwe ophunzira atenga nawo polojekiti ya DiaChallenge?

Zachidziwikire, ichi ndi chokumana nacho chazopambana ndi kupambana (zazing'ono ndi zazikulu, zamunthu payekha komanso gulu) zomwe zakhala kale gawo la moyo wawo ndipo, ndikukhulupirira, zidzakhala maziko azinthu zatsopano.

Ndi zovuta ziti zazikulu zamaganizidwe omwe amakumana nawo anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osachiritsika, monga matenda a shuga?

Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwa WHO, m'maiko otukuka pafupifupi 50% ya odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osachiritsika, kuphatikizapo matenda a shuga, amatsatira malangizo azachipatala, makamaka m'maiko omwe akutukuka kumene. Omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV komanso omwe ali ndi nyamakazi amatsata malangizo omwe dotolo amupatsa, ndipo choyipa kwambiri ndi anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga komanso vuto la kugona.

Kwa odwala ambiri, kufunikira kwakutali kovomerezera, ndiye kuti, kuti azidzilangizidwa komanso kudzisankhira, ndiye kuti "msanje" womwe sangathe kudzitengera okha. Amadziwika kuti miyezi isanu ndi umodzi atatha kuphunzira njira yoyang'anira matenda anu (mwachitsanzo, ku Sukulu ya Matenda a shuga - ichi ndiye chotchedwa "maphunziro achire"), kulimbikitsidwa kwa omwe atenga nawo mbali kumachepa, komwe kumakhudza zotsatira za chithandizo.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndikofunikira kuti chikhale cholimbikitsa kwa anthu otere moyo. Ndipo pokonzekera maphunziro othandizira odwala, odwala matenda ashuga sayenera kuphunzira momwe angawongolere kuchuluka kwa shuga, kusintha kadyedwe kake komanso kumwa mankhwala. Ayenera kupanganso malingaliro atsopano ndi malingaliro osinthira, asinthe mawonekedwe ndi zizolowezi. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osachiritsika ayenera kutenga nawo mbali pazinthu zochiritsira pamodzi ndi endocrinologist, akatswiri a zakudya, akatswiri amisala, akatswiri othandizira opaleshoni, akatswiri amisala ndi akatswiri ena. Pokhapokha ngati atha kuchita bwino ndipo kwanthawi yayitali (moyo wawo wonse) amatenga nawo mbali pazoyang'anira matenda awo.

Chonde ndithandizireni momwe mungathanirane ndi kudandaula kwa munthu amene adamva kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga.

Zomwe zimachitika pakuzindikiritsa ndizosiyanasiyana ndipo zimatengera zochitika zakunja ndi umunthu wa wodwalayo. Kupeza njira yokomera onse komwe kuli koyenera kwa munthu wina aliyense kulephera. Komabe, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti kuti aliyense mwa njira zake (kupirira) apirire, kupirira ndikugonjetsedwa kulidi. Chachikulu ndi kufunafuna, kufunafuna thandizo ndikukhalabe akhama.

Sikuti aliyense ndipo nthawi zonse amakhala ndi mwayi wolumikizana ndi akatswiri othandizira. Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe chingalangizidwe kwa anthu mu nthawi yomwe akumva kuti alibe mphamvu chifukwa cha matenda komanso kukhumudwa?

M'dziko lathu, kwanthawi yoyamba, mu 1975, zipinda 200 zoyambirira za ma psychotherapy zidatsegulidwa (100 ku Moscow, 50 ku Leningrad, ndi 50 ku dziko lonselo). Ndipo mu 1985 kokha, psychotherapy idaphatikizidwa koyamba mndandanda wazamankhwala apadera. Kwa nthawi yoyamba psychotherapists a nthawi zonse amawonekera mu polyclinics ndi zipatala. Ndipo mbiri ya zokumana nazo zopanda mphamvu, kuphatikizapo matenda asanakwane, kutaya mtima kumayenda ndi anthu kwazaka zambiri ndi zaka zikwizikwi. Ndipo chifukwa chothandizana ndi kusamalirana, kuthandizana tonsefe titha kuthana ndi kufooka kwathu limodzi ndi anthu ena. Lumikizanani ndi ena kuti akuthandizeni!

Kodi simuyenera kukhala mdani wa matenda anu anu osataya moyo wathunthu?

Munthu amadziwa (amaganiza kapena amaganiza kuti akudziwa) zaumoyo, ndipo amagwirizanitsa mkhalidwe wake ndi lingaliro ili. Lingaliro ili la thanzi limatchedwa "chithunzi chamkati chaumoyo." Munthu amadzitsimikizira kuti ndi momwe alili ndipo ndi mkhalidwe wa thanzi, akumva choncho.

Matenda aliwonse amtundu amadziwonetsera kunja: mu mawonekedwe a zisonyezo, cholinga chake komanso zomwe zikuchitika, ndiye kuti, kusintha kwina mu thupi la munthu, m'machitidwe ake, m'mawu. Koma matenda aliwonse amakhala ndi mawonetseredwe amkati, oganiza monga zovuta kuzimva ndi zomwe munthu akudwala, momwe amaganizira ndi matendawo, kwa iyemwini ngati wodwala.

Mikhalidwe ya munthu ikasiya kufanana ndi chithunzi chake chamkati chathanzi, munthu amayamba kudziyesa wodwala. Ndipo kenaka adapanga kale "chithunzi chamkati mwa matendawa." "Chithunzi chamkati chathanzi" ndi "chithunzi chamkati mwatenda", ali mbali ziwiri za ndalama imodzi.

Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa momwe matendawa akuvutikira, mitundu inayi ya "chithunzi chamkati mwatenda" imadziwika:

• ezinegnosic - Kusamvetsetsa, kukana kwathunthu kwamatenda amodzi,
• Hyponosognosic - kusazindikira, kusakwanira kuzindikira kuti matendawa ndi amwini,
• Hypernosognosic - kukokomeza kukula kwa matendawa, chifukwa cha matenda omwewo, kuvutikira kwakuthupi kokhudzana ndi matendawa.
• pragmatic - kuwunika kwenikweni kwa matenda anu, malingaliro okwanira mokhudzana ndi izo.

Kuti mukwaniritse moyo wabwino kwambiri, womwe umangokhala, kusangalala ndi moyo pamaso pa matenda osachiritsika, ndikofunikira kuti mupange mtundu wa "chithunzi cha mkati mwa matenda". Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuphunzira momwe mungayendetsere mkhalidwe wanu wama maganizo ndi malingaliro anu, kusintha momwe mumakhalira ndi zizolowezi zanu, kupanga zokhazikika, ndiko kuti, yang'anani zolimba zanu pakukonzanso kwakukulu ndikukhala wathanzi kwakuthupi ndi kwamaganizidwe.

Chonde liperekeni malangizo kwa iwo omwe amasamala za munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga - momwe mungathandizire wokondedwa wake nthawi yovuta komanso momwe samatenthetsa m'malingaliro mwathupi?

Inde, aliyense amafuna kumva uphungu wosavuta kwambiri komanso wothandiza. Koma wokondedwa wathu tikakumana ndi matenda ashuga, zinthu zambiri m'miyoyo yathu ndipo mwa ife tomwe timafunikira kusintha kwakukulu, chitukuko mwadongosolo. Kuti musamalire bwino wina ndi kum'patsa iye ndi moyo wabwino, muyenera kukhala okonzeka kumvetsetsa modekha, kuyamba kufunafuna mayankho, kupeza njira zosiyanasiyana zothandizira wokondedwa ndikudzipangira nokha.

Zikomo kwambiri!

ZAMBIRI ZA PANGANI

Ntchito ya DiaChallenge ndiyophatikiza mitundu iwiri - zolemba ndi zowonetsera zenizeni. Adasankhidwa ndi anthu 9 omwe ali ndi vuto la matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba: aliyense wa iwo ali ndi zolinga zawo: wina amafuna kuphunzira momwe angalipirire matenda ashuga, wina amafuna kuti akhale wokwanira, ena adathetsa mavuto amisala.

Pakupita miyezi itatu, akatswiri atatu adagwira ntchito ndi omwe adagwira nawo ntchitoyi: katswiri wazamisala Vasily Golubev, katswiri wa endocrinologist Anastasia Pleshcheva ndi mphunzitsi Alexei Shkuratov. Onsewa ankakumana kamodzi pa sabata, ndipo munthawi yochepayi, akatswiri adathandizira otenga nawo mbali kudzipangira tepi ndikuyankha mafunso omwe amawafunsa. Ophunzira adadzitha okha ndikuphunzira kusamalira matenda awo a shuga osati m'malo opanga malo okhala, koma mwa moyo wamba.

"Kampani yathu ndi yokhayo ku Russia yopanga magazi a glucose metres ndipo chaka chino ndi chaka cha 25. Pulojekiti ya DiaChallenge idabadwa chifukwa timafuna kuthandiza pachitukuko chamagulu azikhalidwe. Tikufuna thanzi pakati pawo kuti abwere kaye, ndipo izi ndi zomwe pulojekiti ya DiaChallenge imayambira. Chifukwa chake, kungakhale kofunika kuti musangowonera anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga komanso abale awo, komanso kwa anthu omwe siali ndi matendawa, "akufotokoza Ekaterina.

Kuphatikiza pakuperekeza endocrinologist, wama psychologist ndi mphunzitsi kwa miyezi itatu, otenga nawo mbali amalandila zida za Satellite Express zodziyang'anira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi ndikuyang'aniridwa kwathunthu kwachipatala kumayambiriro kwa ntchitoyi ndikutha. Malinga ndi zotsatira za gawo lirilonse, wogwira nawo ntchito kwambiri komanso wogwira mtima amapatsidwa mphotho ya ndalama ruble 100,000.

Ntchitoyi idayamba pa Seputembara 14: lowani DiaChallenge njira yolumikizirakuti musaphonye gawo limodzi. Kanemayo amakhala ndi zigawo 14 zomwe zidzaikidwa pa intaneti sabata iliyonse.

DiaChallenge trailer

Zizindikiro

Migraine imatanthauzira kupatula, kutanthauza kuti, pokhapokha ngati zifukwa zina za cephalgia zichotsedwe, matenda amatha kuchitika. Njira zazikulu zofufuzira matenda ndi izi:

• kutolera madandaulo
• kumveketsa bwino kwa mbiri ya matendawa komanso zinthu zoyambitsa,
• kupenda mozama zamitsempha,
• X-ray ya chigaza
• CT kapena MRI yaubongo yosiyanitsidwa ndi madzi osungunuka,
• electroencephalogram,
• kudzudzula kopanda
• Kusintha kwamatumbo am'khosi,
• angiography yamatumbo amisala.

Kusiyanitsa mosiyanasiyana kwa matendawo.

Kuvutitsidwa kwa Senile kumatanthauza kuzindikiritsa kupatula ndipo kungapangike pokhapokha ngati zotupa za organic ndi ziwalo zosiyanasiyana. Matendawa ayenera kusiyanitsidwa ndi mikhalidwe monga:

• psychic-depression psychosis,
• Matenda a Alzheimer's
• Bonnet hallucinosis,
• dongosolo la ubongo.
• sanali rheumatic Carditis,
• thyrotoxicosis,
• hypovitaminosis,
• matenda am'mimba komanso matenda ena ammimba komanso amisala.

Zoyenera kuchita tikazindikira njira?

Ndiye choti achite. Chithandizo chitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: mankhwala ndi psychotherapeutic, yomwe singagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati monotherapy. Odwala ndi abale awo afotokozeredwe kuti palibe njira yothetsera matenda a senile psychosis, matendawa sangathe kuchiritsidwa. Mwa kukonza vutoli, dokotalayo amachepetsa chizindikiro cha matendawa komanso kuchuluka kwake.

Osam'goneka m'chipatala nthawi yomweyo mukazindikira kuti wodwala akumuwonetsa kunja, chifukwa kusintha kwa malo kungakulitse mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo. Ndikosavuta kupewa kutalika kwa matenda omwe ali pachimake. Achibale amafunika kuti pakhale zovuta kuti wodwalayo azikhala m'chipinda chanyumba / nyumba, kuwathandiza kuti azolowere kusankhana nthawi kuti azikhala ndi nthawi yopuma yabwino, kuti asasiye kuyankhulana ndi anthu, zokhudzana ndi kupeza zinthu zosangalatsa kapena zatsopano kwa okondedwa.

Njira zachipatala zowonetsera zimakhazikitsidwa kutengera kuchuluka kwa zizindikiro kapena ma syndromes. Mankhwala akuluakulu osankhidwa akhoza kukhala:

• sonapax
• wosakwiya
• phula
• amitriptyline,
• gidazepam
• haloperidol ndi ena.

Mlingo ndi chithandizo zimatsimikiziridwa ndi dokotala payekhapayekha. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwongolera kwa matenda a somatic monga etiological factor ndikofunikira.

Chithandizo cha Psychotherapeutic ziyenera kuphimba zolinga izi:

• fotokozerani wodwalayo kupanda pake kwa mfundo zamakhalidwe ndi kuganiza kwake, ndipo chifukwa cha izi, kuchotsedwa kwa anthu kuchokera kwa munthu,
• kukumbukira kosalekeza kosangalatsa kwa moyo wa wodwalayo, komwe kumachotsa kapena kuchepetsa nkhawa ndi nkhawa za wodwalayo,
• kuthandiza wachibale kuyenda momasuka mumlengalenga, nthawi komanso pagulu,
• Kusintha kwa luso la kuzindikira (kukumbukira, malankhulidwe, luntha, mano ndi praxis) mothandizidwa ndi masewera ophunzitsa a board, kuphatikiza masewera a ana, kuthana ndi mapikisheni, ma scan. kukana
• nyimbo zothandizira, zojambulajambula, mankhwala a dolphin, mankhwala othandizira ziweto, zimathandizanso m'magulu a ana okalamba, chidwi chomera chikukula.

Ngati wodwalayo adatchulidwa kwa psychotherapist koyambirira kwa njira ya pathological, ndikuti chithandizo chokwanira chidayikidwa nthawi, ndizosavuta kuyendetsa machitidwe a senile. Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto linalake lamatendawa amalabadira mwachangu popatsidwa chithandizo. Mu mawonekedwe osakhazikika a senile psychosis, ndizosatheka kukwaniritsa kuchira kwathunthu, komabe, ndizotheka kukwaniritsa kuchotsedwa kwakanthawi komanso kosasunthika ndikuchepa kwa mawonetseredwe achipatala ndi ma exacerbations amtsogolo. Mphamvu yogwiritsa ntchito mthupi mwathupi lathu ndiyabwino, anthu amazolowera matenda awo.

Ndi matenda ati omwe amayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira kusiyanitsa kwa migraine?

Ngakhale kuwonetseredwa kwapadera kwa migraine, mutha kulakwitsa ndikuzindikira ndikuphonya kuwonongeka kwa ubongo. Madokotala ayenera kusamala ndi mawonekedwe a maphunzirowa monga:

• kupweteka kwakamodzi kumodzi nthawi yonse yamatendawa,
• kukula ululu
• ululu wammbuyo popanda kuukira ndipo mumayambitsa nkhawa, kupsinjika kwamthupi ndi m'malingaliro, kutsokomola, kugonana,
• matenda kuwonekera patatha zaka 50.

Kusiyanitsa kosiyanasiyana kuyenera kuchitika ndi:

• mutu wachingwe
• Matenda a Horton
• sitiroko
• matenda oopsa,
• VVD,
• kusinthaku
• Tolosa-Hunt syndrome,
• kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zaubongo,
• matenda opatsirana
• zotupa njira.

Chithandizo cha migraine.

Odwala omwe ali ndi cephalgia ya migraine etiology amawonedwa ndikulandila chithandizo kuchokera kwa neurologist.

Nthawi isanayambike, wodwalayo ayenera kuchipatala. Chipindacho chiyenera kulowera kumpoto kuti chope kutentha ndi chipinda chokwezeka. M'pofunikanso kuchotsa zomveka komanso zopsinja mtima.

Chithandizo cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo chimayamba ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osapatsa-anti -idalidal (aspirin, metamizole, ketoprofen, diclofenac, codeine). Mlingo uyenera kukhala wowonjezera pakuchiritsa, ngati kuli kotheka, gwiritsani ntchito zovomerezeka.

Ndi kusanza kwina,

• cerucal (5-20 mg jakisoni),
• pipolfen (25-20 mg),
• Motilium kapena Domperidone (5-15 mg).

Kwa azimayi omwe ali ndi vuto la migraine pafupipafupi, mankhwala osokoneza bongo a corticoid analgesic amalembedwa masiku atatu musanafike nthawi yomwe akuyembekezeredwa, chifukwa kupezeka kwa migraine kumakhalanso ndi vuto lotsochera.

Ma Antiemetics amathandizanso kuti pakhale mwachangu komanso mokwanira bwino mankhwala a analgesic. Vasodilator yothandiza kwambiri kwa migraine ndi dihydroergotamine ndi makonzedwe ake a m'mphuno. Ntchito yapamwamba yolimbana ndi migraine imakhala ndi ma triptans (zomig, panaran). Gulu ili la mankhwalawa lili ndi mndandanda waukulu wotsutsana ndi mtima wamagazi ndipo sugwirizana ndi magulu ena a mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza migraines.

Nthawi zina, ndikavutika ndi migraine ndi aura, anticonvulsants amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuletsa izi. Ma anticonvulsants amadziwika kuti ndi mzere woyamba wa monotherapy. Mankhwalawa amathandizira kusokonekera kwa ma neurons mu ubongo. Kuchita bwino kwa mankhwalawa kumawerengeredwa pokhapokha ngati atalandira miyezi iwiri yotsatira.

Mankhwala othandizira

Pali mankhwala oletsa. Ichi ndi chiyani Chithandizo chamtunduwu ndikukonzanso kothandizidwa kwa vuto lomwe silikuwonekedwa ndi migraine ndikuwongolera moyo wa odwala. Chithandizo chimaphatikizapo kuchotsedwa kwa zinthu zoyambitsa kutsutsa:

• zakudya zosankhidwa bwino kupatula tyramine (chokoleti chakuda, tchizi zolimba, zakudya zofiira, zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndi ena),
• matenda a kugona tulo,
• kuchepetsa mowa
• Azimayi amakana kutenga njira yolerera,
• dosed mtima mizere (osachepera masitepe 10,000 patsiku).

Chithandizo chothandizira pa mankhwala osokoneza bongo chimakhala ndi kutenga osasankha a beta-adrenoblockers pamtengo wotsika, antidepressants opangira mbewu, kapena sedatives.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo ali ndi zabwino. Chithandizo chamtunduwu chikhoza kuyimiridwa ndi chithandizo cha aqua, acupuncture, mankhwala othandizira minofu ya kolala ndi chovala chakumapewa, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandizira othandizira mano kuti muchepetse katundu wambiri pamatumbo oyendetsa.

Zotsogola ndi kuthekera kugwira ntchito.

Migraine siwopseza moyo, koma imakulitsa kwambiri moyo wa odwala. Ngati nthendayi idayamba kudwala kuyambira paubwana, ndiye kuti pakapita zaka zambiri kuchuluka kwa khunyu kumacheperachepera kapena kusowa kwathunthu. Kwa odwala oterowo, magwiridwe antchito kuntchito ndi ofunikira, omwe samapatula zomwe zimapangitsa. Kuwonetsedwa kokha kwa maulendo ochepa komanso owopsa omwe amafunikira kuchotsedwa kwakanthawi kuchokera pantchito zaluso.