21 November, 2024
    Zizindikiro

    Glycosylated hemoglobin imachulukitsa zikutanthauza chiyani

    Mkulu aliyense amadziwa kuti hemoglobin yachilengedwe imapezeka m'magazi athu. Koma sikuti onse amangoganiza zomwe hemoglobin amawoneza.

    Hemoglobin ili m'magazi ofiira omwe amakhala ndi mpweya m'matupi athupi.

    Ili ndi gawo limodzi. Zimaphatikizana ndi shuga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale glycated hemoglobin.

    Zachilendo ndi zovuta za glycosylated hemoglobin

    Musanalankhule mwatsatanetsatane za hemoglobin ya glycosylated, muyenera kuganizira za momwe imakhalira komanso momwe imasiyanirana ndi hemoglobin wamba. Chifukwa chake, hemoglobin imachita imodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri m'thupi lonse - imanyamula mpweya, womwe ndi wofunikira pakugwira bwino ntchito kwa ziwalo ndi minofu. Kudzera pang'onopang'ono kopanda enzymatic, amatha kulumikizana ndi shuga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale glycosylated hemoglobin.


    Odwala ambiri ali ndi chidwi ndi zomwe glycosylated hemoglobin imakhala yokhazikika ndipo amatanthauza chiyani ngati wapezeka? Kuchuluka kwa kufalikira ndi momwe zimachitikira pokhapokha zimadalira kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga, komanso kuchuluka kwa glycation kumatengera nthawi yokhala ndi khungu lofiira ndipo limawonedwa kwa miyezi ingapo. Chifukwa chake, kupenda kuzindikira chizindikiro cha kuchuluka kwambiri kwa hemoglobin ya glycosylated kumapangitsa kudziwa "kufinya" kwa thupi ndikupatsanso kuchuluka kwa glycemia.

    Ngati glycosylated hemoglobin imakwezedwa, ndiye mtundu wamtunduwu kuti ndi nthawi yoganiza za thanzi lanu. Makhalidwe abwinobwino amachokera ku 4-6% ya kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin. Muzochitikazo pamene zizindikiro zikuyenda bwino (6,7%), zikuwonetsa kuti chithandizo chothana ndi matenda ashuga sichinasankhidwe molondola, ndiye kuti sizimapereka zotsatira zabwino.

    Pozindikira kuchuluka kwakukulu, ndikofunikira kuchita kafukufuku wamagazi.

    Ngati wodwala wapezeka ndi matenda a shuga, opangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zina ndi njira zina zokhudzana ndi matenda, ndiye kuti akaphunzira magazi a gluogosylated hemoglobin, Zizindikiro zake zidzakhala zamagulu osachepera 7-8%.

    Kwa kafukufuku wa labotale, wodwalayo ayenera kupatsidwa magazi a venous, ndipo chifukwa cha ichi ndikokwanira kubwera ku chipatala chokhazikika popanda kuchotsedwa kwa adokotala. Ndikwabwino ngati njira yotolera zinthu idzachitike m'mimba yopanda kanthu m'mawa. Kukonzekera koyambirira sikofunikira kwa wodwala. Mutha kupeza zotsatilapo patadutsa masiku ochepa, ndipo kuwerenga zochitikazo kumachitika kudzera mu zida zapadera, koma cholakwikacho sichimasungidwa, mulibe kanthu.

    Zifukwa zakukula

    Kuzindikira matenda a shuga kumachitika ngati pali chisonyezo cha 7% kapena kuposerapo pazotsatira. Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zingakhudze kuchuluka kwa matenda a shuga a glycosylated:

    • kagayidwe kachakudya michere,
    • ngati wodwala wavumbulutsa mtundu woyamba wa matenda a shuga, omwe amadziwika ndi insulin yokwanira yopanga,

    Pozindikira zopatuka mu zotsatira za phunzirolo, katswiriyo samangotengera zomwe zimayambitsa kupatuka, komanso amasankha chithandizo choyenera komanso chogwira ntchito molingana ndi zomwe adalandira.

    Zizindikiro za kupatuka kwakukulu kuposa zabwinobwino

    Pali gulu lina la anthu lomwe limayenera kusamala mosamala komanso pafupipafupi kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated. Izi zikuphatikiza:

    • odwala omwe apezeka ndi mtundu woyamba wa 2 ndi matenda a shuga, makamaka izi zimagwira kwa iwo omwe shuga yawo ndi yosakhazikika kwakanthawi kochepa,
    • zaka za ana zokhala ndi zovuta zamatenda amizimba,
    • nthawi yodabereka mwana pamene matenda ashuga apezeka mwa mayi mpaka pomwe mayi atatenga pakati.

    Kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin wa glycated, monga lamulo, kumayendetsedwa ndi mawonekedwe enaake, mwachitsanzo, kupezeka kwam ludzu nthawi zonse, chidwi chofuna kutulutsa chikhodzodzo, chomwe chimakhala pafupipafupi, njira yayitali yochiritsa mabala, matenda pakhungu.

    Njira zochizira

    Odwala ambiri, akalandira zotsatira zoyesa zokhumudwitsa, amadabwa momwe angachepetse hemoglobin yamtunduwu? Kutsitsa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin yotere kumaphatikizapo kuwongolera shuga. Potere, kutsatira malamulo ena ndi malingaliro a dokotala omwe athandizidwawa amathandizira kuchepetsa hemoglobin ya glycated. Izi zimaphatikizapo, choyambirira, zakudya zoyenera komanso zakudya ngati zikufunika. Zakudyazi zikuphatikiza zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zatsopano, mafuta amkaka ochepa, komanso mtedza ndi nsomba. Pewani kumwa zamafuta omwe amalimbikitsa shuga ndi cholesterol, ufa ndi shuga wambiri. Ngati angafune, zakudya zotsekemera zimatha kulowetsedwa ndi zipatso zouma kapena tchizi wopanda mafuta. Njira iyi imawonedwa kuti ndiyothandiza kwambiri.

    Ndikofunika kumwa mankhwala omwe zochita zawo zimabwezeretsa shuga. Kuti muchepetse zizindikiro, wodwalayo ayenera kulabadira zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi, zomwe zimathandizira kukonza zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri, ndikuwonetsetsa zomwe zikuchitika tsiku ndi tsiku ndikuwongolera wokha kunyumba. Ndikofunikira kupatula kutengera komwe kumabweretsa nkhawa. Nthawi zina, wodwalayo amapatsidwa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycosylated.

    Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin iyi, yomwe siyikuyenera kukula, yomwe imathandizira kupezeka kwa mitundu yokhudzana ndi matenda. Makamaka ofunikira njira zodzitetezera. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuperekera magazi pafupipafupi kuti mupeze hemoglobin ya glycosylated, ndipo njirayi iyenera kuchitika kamodzi kamodzi miyezi itatu.

    Zoyambitsa HbA1C Kuchepa

    Kutsika kwa hemoglobin ya glycosylated ndi chizindikiro cha pathological, kumachitika mwa zotere:

      Kutaya magazi kwambiri - limodzi ndi hemoglobin yachilendo, glycosylated imatayikanso.

    Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mitundu yosalimba ya hemoglobin imatha kupotoza zotsatira za kusanthula ndikupereka kuwonjezeka kwabodza kapena kuchepa kwa mawonekedwe ake a glycosylated.

    Ubwino Poyerekeza ndi Kusanthula Kwachisawawa

    • Kudya - kumayambitsa kukwera kwamphamvu m'magazi a carbohydrate, omwe amabwerera kwawokha patatha maola ochepa.
    • Zomwe zimabweretsa, kupsinjika, tsiku lotsatira la kuyesedwa, kumakulitsa shuga m'magazi chifukwa chopanga mahomoni omwe amawonjezera gawo lake.
    • Kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, zolimbitsa thupi zimachepetsa shuga.

    Chifukwa chake, kuyesedwa kwakanthawi kotsika kwa shuga kungawonetse kuchuluka kwake, komwe sikumangowonetsa kukhalapo kwa kuphwanya kwake kagayidwe. Komanso, zomwe zili bwino sizitanthauza kuti palibe mavuto ndi kagayidwe kazakudya. Zinthu zomwe zili pamwambazi sizikhudza kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycosylated. Ndiye chifukwa chake tanthauzo lake limakhala chisonyezo pakuzindikira koyambirira kwa zovuta za carbohydrate metabolism m'thupi.

    Zizindikiro za phunziroli:

    Pafupifupi, kafukufukuyu amachitika kuti azindikire zovuta za kagayidwe kazakudya ndipo zimachitika mwa zotere:

    Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani ndikofunikira kuzindikira zovuta za kagayidwe kachakudya mthupi mthupi momwe zingathere?

    Kuchulukana kwachulukirapo kwa shuga kumabweretsa zotsatira zosasintha m'thupi chifukwa chogwirizana ndi mapuloteni, omwe ndi:

    Momwe mungasinthire?

    Mwa kusanthula, magazi athunthu amatengedwa kuchokera mu mtsempha mu 2-5 ml ndi kusakaniza anticoagulant kuti asapindike. Izi zimapangitsa kusungirako kwa sabata limodzi, kutentha +2 + 5 ° С. Malangizo aliwonse apadera musanapange mayeso a magazi a glycosylated hemoglobin safunikira kuchitidwa, mosiyana ndi kuyesa kwa shuga.

    Pafupipafupi pakutsimikiza kwa cholembera chizindikiro cha matenda a shuga ndi chimodzimodzi kwa amuna ndi akazi, ndipo kupangika kwa miyezi iwiri mpaka itatu ya mtundu woyamba, miyezi isanu ndi umodzi ya mtundu II. Mu amayi apakati - kuwongolera pa masabata 10-12 pakati pa kuyesedwa kwa shuga.

    Kutanthauzira kwa zotsatira za kusanthula

    Kuunikira kuchuluka kwa kusanthula kuti kudziwa kuchuluka kwa HbA1C sikovuta. Kuchulukitsidwa kwake ndi 1% kuchokera ku nthawi zonse kumafanana ndi kukwera kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi 2 mmol / L. Zizindikiro zotere za HbA1C zolingana ndi shuga komanso momwe zimapangira kagayidwe kazakudya zitha kuperekedwa mu gome:

    Ambiri kuchuluka kwa shuga m'miyezi itatu yapitayi, mmol / l

    Natural metabolism metabolism, palibe shuga

    Prediabetes, kulipidwa ndi matenda a shuga, kusakwanira kwake pamankhwala

    Zakudya zopatsa shuga, ndiyofunika kulabadira za zovuta zake

    Matenda a shuga omwe sanapatsidwe phindu la kusintha kosasintha

    Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa omwe amakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi nthawi yayitali komanso kuwoneka ngati mavuto ena sangasinthe.

    Pazotsatira zamankhwala zasayansi, kuwunika kwa glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, komwe kumawonetsa chidziwitso chofunikira cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'miyezi itatu yapitayo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti athe kuwunika moyenera mtundu wa chithandizo cha zovuta zamatenda a carbohydrate kapena kuchita mayeso awo oyambirira.

    Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa omwe amakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi nthawi yayitali komanso kuwoneka ngati mavuto ena sangasinthe. Pazotsatira zamankhwala zasayansi, kuwunika kwa glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, komwe kumawonetsa chidziwitso chofunikira cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'miyezi itatu yapitayo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti athe kuwunika moyenera mtundu wa chithandizo cha zovuta zamatenda a carbohydrate kapena kuchita mayeso awo oyambirira.

    Kodi glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)

    Glycosylated hemoglobin (glycosylated hemoglobin) ndi hemoglobin yamagazi ofiira omwe amakanika ku glucose.

    Zomwe zidapangidwazo:

    • Glycated Hemoglobin (glycated hemoglobin)
    • Glycogemoglobin (glycohemoglobin)
    • Hemoglobin A1c (hemoglobin A1c)

    Hemoglobin-Alpha (HbA), yomwe ili m'magazi ofiira amunthu, polumikizana ndi shuga wamagazi "imadzipereka yokha" - imachita glycosylates.

    Mukakhala ndi shuga m'magazi ambiri, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) yomwe imatha kupanga maselo ofiira m'moyo wake wamasiku 120. Maselo ofiira a "mibadwo" yosiyanasiyana amayendayenda m'magazi nthawi yomweyo, masiku 60-90 amatengedwa nthawi yayitali ya glycation.

    Mwa zigawo zitatu za glycosylated hemoglobin - HbA1a, HbA1b, HbA1c - yotsiriza ndiyokhazikika kwambiri. Kuchuluka kwake kumatsimikiziridwa mu ma laboratori azachipatala.

    HbA1c ndi chisonyezo chamwazi chamagazi chomwe chimawonetsa kuchuluka kwa glycemia (kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi) m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yapitayo.

    Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa HbA1c ndichizolowezi, momwe mungatengere.

    Kuyesedwa kwa glycosylated hemoglobin ndi njira yodalirika yayitali yogwiritsira ntchito shuga wanu wamagazi.

    • Kuwunika kwa glycemia mwa odwala matenda a shuga.

    Kuyesedwa kwa HbA1c kumakupatsani mwayi wofufuza momwe chithandizo cha matenda ashuga chimachitikira - ngakhale ziyenera kusinthidwa.

    • Kuzindikira koyambira kwa magawo a shuga (kuphatikiza pa kuyesedwa kwa shuga).
    • Kuzindikiritsa "shuga woyembekezera."

    Palibe kukonzekera kwapadera kwa magazi a HbA1c komwe kumafunikira.

    Wodwalayo amatha kupereka magazi kuchokera mu mtsempha (2,5-3.0 ml) nthawi iliyonse masana, mosasamala kanthu za kudya, nkhawa / kupsinjika, kapena mankhwala.

    Zifukwa zabodza:
    Kutaya magazi kwambiri kapena zinthu zomwe zimakhudza njira yopangira magazi ndi chiyembekezo chokhala ndi maselo ofiira am'magazi (cell cell, hemolytic, kuchepa kwazitsulo, etc.), zotsatira za kusanthula kwa HbA1c zitha kukhala zabodza.

    Mlingo wa hemoglobin wa glycosylated ndi wofanana kwa azimayi ndi abambo.

    / zonena /
    HbA1c = 4,5 - 6.1%
    Zofunikira za HbA1c za matenda ashuga

    Gulu la odwalaMulingo woyenera wa HbA1c
    Type 1 ndi Type 2 Diabetes7.0-7,5% mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amellon amawonetsa kusathandiza / kusakwanira kwa mankhwalawa - pali chiwopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi zovuta za matenda ashuga.

    Zambiri, miyambo ndi kupatuka kuzisonyezo wamba

    Hemoglobin ndi chinthu chama protein chomwe ndi gawo lama cell ofiira a m'magazi. Zimafunikira kuti agawire mpweya, kaboni dayokisi ndi michere mthupi lonse. Vutoli likakumana ndi shuga, glycohemoglobin imayamba. Njira yopanga mapangidwe ake imathandizira kwambiri ngati mulingo wamwazi uli wokwezeka.

    Pafupifupi, maselo ofiira a m'magazi amakhala ndi moyo pafupifupi masiku 120. Chifukwa chake, titha kunena kuti glycogemoglobin ndizopangira shuga m'magazi miyezi itatu yapitayo.

    Zizindikiro zina zonse zimatengedwa ndikupatuka kuchoka pazomwe zimachitika:

    1. Chizindikiro cha 6 mpaka 7% chikuwonetsa kuti chithandizo cha matenda ashuga sichothandiza kwenikweni. Kuphatikiza apo, akupereka lipoti pakufunika kochita kafukufuku wamagulu a shuga, kupititsa kusanthula kwapadera.
    2. 7-8% - chizindikiro cha matenda ashuga, zomwe zimatsogolera pakupanga zovuta komanso zosasinthika.
    3. Magulu a Glycohemoglobin a 10% kapena apamwamba ndi chizindikiro cha gawo lovuta kwambiri la matenda a shuga, omwe amasintha mosiyanasiyana m'thupi.

    Kuti muwone kuphwanya kwa kagayidwe kazakudya panthawi, ndikofunikira kumayesedwa pafupipafupi ndikuwunika mayeso a thupi.

    Chifukwa chiyani chizindikiro chikukula

    Ngati glycosylated hemoglobin siinakwezedwa, ndiye kuti izi ndi zabwino, mwinanso pali zowonetsera pazifukwa zingapo:

    • Kulephera kwa kagayidwe kazakudya,
    • zinthu zopanda shuga.

    Glycohemoglobin ichulukira pamilandu yotere:

    • Ngati munthu akudwala matenda ashuga amtundu 1. Thupi silingatulutse insulin yokwanira. Chifukwa cha izi, kuwonongeka kwa chakudya cham'magazi kumasokonekera ndipo kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakwera.
    • Ndi matenda a shuga a 2. Thupi limatulutsa insulini yokwanira. Koma nthawi yomweyo, njira yogawa shuga siyenda momwe ziyenera kukhalira.

    • Ngati wodwala alandila chithandizo chosayenera, chomwe chimatsogolera ku hyperglycemia kapena kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi.
    • Pankhani ya zakumwa zoledzeretsa.
    • Ndi chitukuko cha magazi m'thupi (kuchepa kwa chitsulo).
    • Ngati ndulu zachotsedwa. Monga mukudziwa, thupi limathandizira kutaya maselo ofiira amwazi. Ngati kulibe, maselowa amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali kuposa masiku onse. Zotsatira zake zimakhala hemoglobin yapamwamba kwambiri.
    • Ndi uremia. Ndi matendawa, impso sizingagwire bwino ntchito zawo. Chifukwa cha izi, zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa chifukwa cha kagayidwe kamadziunjikira m'thupi. Chimodzi mwa izo ndi carbohemoglobin. Mu kapangidwe kake ndi katundu wake, ndizofanana ndi glycosylated.
    • Pambuyo pakuika magazi.

    Glycated hemoglobin, ngati imakwezedwa, sichizindikiro cha matenda ashuga nthawi zonse.

    Nthawi zina izi zimachitika chifukwa cha zina zomwe zimachitika m'thupi.

    Zizindikiro zakuyang'ana ndi zizindikiro

    Ndani ayenera kuyang'anira hemoglobin ya glycated ndipo liti?

    Pali zochitika zingapo ndi magulu a anthu:

    1. Omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka kwa iwo omwe shuga yawo amasintha kangapo kwakanthawi kochepa.
    2. Ngati a 2 matenda a shuga adapezeka kale.
    3. Ana omwe pazifukwa zina adalephera pakumatha kagayidwe kazakudya.
    4. Amayi oyembekezera omwe amatenga pakati ndi matenda a shuga 1 kapena mtundu 2.
    5. Ngati munthawi ya kubereka mwana mkazi adakumana ndi mawonekedwe a shuga. Uku kukuwonjezereka kwa shuga m'magazi posakhalitsa matendawa.
    6. Pamafunika kuwunika momwe mankhwalawo amathandizira. Malinga ndi zotsatira za mayesedwe, amatha kusinthidwa kapena kuwongoleredwa.

    Mkhalidwe momwe glycogemoglobin imachulukirachulukira imakhala ndi zizindikiro zake:

    • ludzu
    • kukodza pafupipafupi,
    • kupoleka pang'onopang'ono
    • matenda a pakhungu
    • kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe
    • kuchepa chitetezo chokwanira,
    • kutopa ndi kugona,
    • kagayidwe kachakudya kagayidwe ndi chiwindi,
    • kuchepa thupi kapena, kunenepa kwambiri.

    Ngati pali zizindikiro zosachepera ziwiri kapena zitatu, muyenera kufunsa dokotala ndikuyezetsa.

    Njira yowunikira

    Ubwino wofunikira pakuwunika hemoglobin ya glycosylated ndikuti kusowa kukonzekera kusanachitike. Phunziroli limachitika kudzera mwa magazi a mtsempha kuchokera kwa wodwala, kapena potenga kachilomboka kuchokera chala (kutengera mtundu wa chosinkhira) voliyumu ya 2-5 ml. Pankhaniyi, zomverera zosasangalatsa zitha kuchitika, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito maulendo opatsirana komanso kuwongolera magazi.

    Kuti mupewe kuwundana, madzi obwera chifukwa cha thupi amaphatikizidwa ndi anticoagulant (EDTA), yomwe imathandizira kukhala ndi moyo wautali wa mashelufu (mpaka sabata 1) potsatira boma linalake la kutentha (+ 2 + 5 0 С).

    Kawunikidwe oyenera a HbA1C ndi:

    • mimba - kamodzi, masabata 10-12,
    • Type 1 matenda a shuga - 1 nthawi m'miyezi itatu,
    • Type 2 shuga mellitus - 1 nthawi m'miyezi 6.

    Kusanthula komweku kumachitika m'magawo a labotale, momwe, pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera, plasma ndende ya HbA1C imatsimikiza. Pankhaniyi, njira zotsatirazi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito:

    • chromatography yamadzimadzi
    • electrophoresis
    • Katemera
    • chiyanjano chamagulu,
    • njira za mzati.

    Pakati pazida zomwe zili pamwambapa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa mtundu wa HbA1C, makonda amapatsidwa njira yamadzimadzi amadzimadzi, chifukwa amalola kutsimikiza kwakukulu kuti azindikire kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycosylated ndikuwona kukhalapo kwa kupatuka kwake kuzungulira povomerezeka.

    Kutanthauzira Katswiri

    Njira yodziwira mfundo za hemoglobin ya glycosylated siivuta. Komabe, kutanthauzira kwa chizindikiro chomaliza kumatha kukhala kovuta chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa teknoloji ya ma labotale, kuphatikiza mawonekedwe amunthu. Chifukwa chake, mukamayang'ana kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated mwa anthu awiri omwe ali ndi zofanana ndi shuga m'magazi, kusiyana kwa mitundu yonse ya HbA1C kungakhale mpaka 1%.

    Pakuchita kafukufukuyu, ndizotheka kuti ziwonjezeke zabodza mu HbA1C, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa fetal hemoglobin m'magazi (zomwe zimachitika mwa munthu wamkulu zimafikira 1%), komanso kuchepa kwabodza komwe kumachitika m'matenda monga hemorrhages (pachimake komanso chovuta), uremia, ndi komanso hemolytic anemia.

    Akatswiri a zamakono am'masiku opezekera komanso odwala matenda ashuga amaika mtundu wazomwe anthu amtunduwu amadziwika nawo. Chifukwa chake, zinthu zotsatirazi zimakhudza mulingo wake:

    • zaka za munthu
    • kulemera
    • mtundu wa thupi,
    • kukhalapo kwa matenda amodzimodzi, nthawi yawo komanso kuuma kwawo.

    Kuti zitheke kuyesedwa, miyambo ya HbA1C imaperekedwa patebulo.

    Zotsatira za kusanthula
    HbA1C,%    		Kutanthauzira
    mimosanapoli.it

    Zolemba ndi momwe mungayesere glycosylated Hb

    Kusanthula uku ndikwabwino kwambiri kwa onse madokotala ndi odwala. Muli ndi maubwino omveka bwino poyeserera shuga m'magazi ndi kuyesedwa kwa maola awiri shuga. Mapindu ake ndi awa:

    • Kutsimikiza kwa kusanthula kwa glycosylated Hb kumatha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse yamasana, osati sutra komanso pamimba yopanda kanthu,
    • Pankhani ya njira yodziwira, kuwunika kwa glycosylated Hb ndikofunikira kwambiri kuposa kuyesa kwa labotale kusala kwa shuga mumagazi mu sutra yachangu, chifukwa chimalola kudziwa matenda ashuga kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko,
    • Kuyesedwa kwa glycosylated Hb kumakhala kosavuta komanso kosavuta kuposa kuyesa kwa glucose maola awiri,
    • Chifukwa cha zidziwitso za HbA1C zomwe mwapeza, ndizotheka kuti pamapeto pake muzindikire kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga (hyperglycemia),
    • Kuyesedwa kwa matenda a glycosylated Hb kuwonetsa momwe wodwala matenda ashuga awonera mokhulupirika shuga m'miyezi itatu yapitayo,
    • Chokhacho chomwe chingakhudze kutsimikiza kolondola kwa milingo ya glycosylated Hb ndi kuzizira kapena kupsinjika kwaposachedwa.

    Zotsatira zoyesedwa za HbA1C sizimayimira zinthu monga:

    • nthawi ya tsiku ndi tsiku la kusamba kwa msambo kwa akazi,
    • chakudya chomaliza
    • kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, kupatula mankhwala a shuga,
    • zolimbitsa thupi
    • mkhalidwe wamaganizo wamunthu
    • zotupa zopatsirana.

    Kusiyana kwazomwe zikuchitika pakati pa anthu

    • Mwa ana ndi achinyamata, zizindikiro sizimasiyana konse. Ngati mwa ana mulingo wokwezeka kapena wocheperapo, ndiye kuti kuyenera kuyang'anitsitsa zakudya za ana, kuwakonzekeretsa mayeso a nthawi zonse kuti zotsatira za kuwunika zikhale zowonjezera kapena zosakwanira.
    • Amuna ndi akazi alibe kusiyana kulikonse.
    • Mwa amayi apakati, sibwino kutenga HbA1C kwa miyezi 8-9 yoyembekezera, chifukwa nthawi zambiri zotsatira zimachulukidwa, koma izi ndizolakwika.
    • M'mapeto omaliza a mimba, kuwunika pang'ono pang'onopang'ono kumakhala kwabwinobwino. Kupatuka kwa zizindikiro za matenda ashuga panthawi yakubala kwa ana kumatha kusokoneza thanzi la mayi wamtsogolo pakubadwa kwa mwana. Impso zimatha kuvutika, ndipo m'tsogolo ana okhala ndi intrauterine Development, kukula kwambiri kwa thupi kumawonedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kubereka.

    Mitundu yamatchulidwe

    Mwa munthu wathanzi, HbA1C sayenera kupitirira 5.7 peresenti m'magazi.

    • Ngati zomwe zili pamwamba zimachokera ku 5.7% mpaka 6%, ndiye izi zikuwonetsa kuti matendawa angachitike m'tsogolo. Kuti chizindikirocho chikhale chotsika, muyenera kusinthana ndi zakudya zamafuta ochepa kwakanthawi, kenako ndikuchita kafukufuku wachiwiri. M'tsogolomu, tikulimbikitsidwa kuwunika bwino thanzi lanu komanso thanzi lanu. Izi zikufunika kuwunika mosamala kunyumba ndi mu labotale.
    • Ngati nambala ya zonena ikuchokera ku 6.1-6.4%, ndiye kuti chiwopsezo cha matenda kapena metabolic syndrome ndichokwera kwambiri. Simungachedwe kusinthaku kukhala chakudya chamoto chochepa, muyenera kutsatira moyo wathanzi. Izi sizovuta kuzikonza nthawi yomweyo, koma ngati mumatsatira zakudya zoyenera moyo wanu wonse, ndiye kuti mutha kupewa matenda.
    • Ngati mulingo wa HbA1C wapitilira 6.5%, ndiye kuti matenda oyambitsidwa amakhazikitsidwa - matenda a shuga, kenako pamayeso ena a Laborator amapezeka kuti ndi a mtundu wanji, woyamba kapena wachiwiri.

    Matenda a hemoglobin

    Choyamba, muyenera kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa magazi m'magazi kungangotanthauza matenda obwera chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa thupi, komanso kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi. Kuti musatenge matenda oopsa, ndikofunikira mukayezetsa magazi a glycosylated hemoglobin ndikuonetsetsa kuti mulingo wambiri wachitsulo m'thupi. Ngati zomwe zikuyimira zachitsulo zidatsika kukhala zocheperapo kuposa momwe zimakhalira, ndiye kuti mankhwalawo amathandizidwa kuti abwezeretsenso zinthu zomwe zimapezeka mthupi. Pambuyo mankhwalawa kuchepa magazi m'thupi, ndikofunikira kuti mupange kuyesa kwina kwa hemoglobin. Ngati kuchepa kwachitsulo sikunapezeke, ndiye kuti kuwonjezeka kwa nkhaniyi kudzalumikizidwa kale ndi carbohydrate metabolism.

    Malinga ndi ziwerengero, chifukwa chachikulu chakuwonjezeka kwa glycosylated hemoglobin mu hypergikemia. Potere, kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwadzaoneni, muyenera:

    • kutsatira mosamalitsa chithandizo chamankhwala omwe adokotala amapita,
    • gwiritsitsani chakudya chamafuta ochepa
    • mumayesedwe pafupipafupi.

    Ngati mtengo wa HbA1C uli pansipa, ndiye kuti izi zikusonyeza hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia imachitika kawirikawiri kwambiri kuposa hyperglycemia. Izi zimafunikanso kukonza kwambiri pakudya ndikutsatira mosamalitsa pamankhwala omwe wodwala amapita. Mtengo wotsika wa HbA1C ungathenso kuwonetsa magazi a hemolytic. Ngati munthu wapatsidwa magazi posachedwa kapena wachepetsa magazi, mtengo wa HbA1C umathandizidwanso.

    Zomwe amawunikira zikuwonetsa

    Ndikofunikira kuti mudzaze mipata yokhudzana ndikumatha kuthana ndi hemoglobin wamba komanso glycosylated.

    Hemoglobin imapezeka m'maselo ofiira a m'magazi - maselo ofiira a m'magazi omwe amanyamula mpweya ku ziwalo ndi minyewa. Chachilendo chake ndikuti zimamangiriza shuga chifukwa cha pang'onopang'ono non-enzymatic reaction, ndipo chomangira ichi sichingasinthike. Zotsatira zake zimachitika ndi glycosylated hemoglobin. Mu biochemistry, izi zimatchedwa glycation kapena glycation.

    Mochulukitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kuthamanga kwambiri kwa izi. Mlingo wa glycation umawonedwa kwa masiku 90-120, omwe umalumikizidwa ndi nthawi yayitali ya maselo ofiira amwazi.

    Mwanjira ina, chizindikiro chimakupatsani mwayi wowunika kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi masiku 90-120 kapena kuwerengera mulingo wa glycemia panthawi yomweyo. Pambuyo pa nthawi imeneyi, maselo ofiira m'magazi amasinthidwa, chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycosylated. Kutalika kwa moyo wa erythrocyte kukusonyeza kuti sizomveka kupenda wodwala kuti amupatse hemoglobin kopitilira kamodzi pamiyezi 3-4.

    Kukula kwa chizindikiro mwa munthu wathanzi

    Makhalidwe abwinobwino a chizindikirochi kwa munthu wathanzi amadziwika kuti amapeza 6%. Zoyenerazi ndizothandiza kwa zaka komanso mtundu uliwonse. Malire otsika a chizolowezi ndi 4%. Zotsatira zonse zomwe zimapitilira izi ndi ma pathologies ndipo zimafuna kuwunikira mwatsatanetsatane zomwe zimayambitsa kuchitika.

    Amayambitsa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin wa glycated

    Ngati zotsatira zimapezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa chizindikiro ichi, muyenera kuganizira za hyperglycemia yomwe imakhala nthawi yayitali. Koma sizitanthauza kuti nthawi zonse wodwala amadwala matenda ashuga, chifukwa zinthu zina zimawonekera pakati pa zovuta za kagayidwe kazakudya,

    • kulolerana kwa chakudya chamafuta,
    • kusala kudya kwa shuga kagayidwe.

    Kuzindikira kwa matenda ashuga kumapangidwa pomwe zotsatira zake zimaposa 7%. Zotsatira zake, manambala ochokera ku 6.1% mpaka 7.0% akapezeka, ndiye kuti tikulankhula za predibyte, ndiye kuti, kulolerana kwa zakudya zamafuta kapena kusala kudya kwa glucose.

    Zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa glycated hemoglobin

    Ngati zotsatirazi ndizotsika kuposa 4%, izi zikutanthauza kuti munthu amakhala ndi shuga wochepa magazi kwa nthawi yayitali, zomwe sizotalikirana nthawi zonse ndi zizindikiro za hypoglycemia. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimapangitsa insulinoma - chotupa mumsempha wa kapamba yemwe amapanga insulini kuposa momwe amafunikira.

    Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zachitika pamenepa ndi kusowa kwa insulin, chifukwa ngati pali imodzi, ndiye kuti magazi a magazi sangatsike bwino, chifukwa chake, boma la hypoglycemic silidzakula.

    Kuphatikiza pa insulinomas, kuchepa kwa glycemia ndi kuchepa kwa zotsatira za hemoglobin ya glycosylated:

    • Zakudya zamafuta ochepa kwa nthawi yayitali,
    • mankhwala osokoneza bongo a insulin kapena mankhwala antidiabetesic,
    • kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira malire
    • adrenal kusowa
    • ma genetic ena osowa - chibadwa cha fructose tsankho, matenda a Herce ndi ena.

    Glycosylated Hemoglobin Assay

    Mu 2011, World Health Organisation idaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito glycosylated hemoglobin ngati njira yodziwira matenda a shuga. Ngati chiwerengerochi chadutsa 7,0%, kuzindikira kwake sikungakayikire. Ndiye kuti, ngati mayesowo adawonetsa glycemia wokwera komanso kuchuluka kwa HbA1c kapena HbA1c yowonjezera kawiri pakatha miyezi itatu, kuzindikira kwa matenda ashuga kumakhazikitsidwa.

    Matenda a shuga

    Zimachitikanso kuti kufufuza kumeneku kumawerengedwa kwa odwala omwe ali kale ndi vutoli. Amapangidwa kuti azitha kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi ndikusintha Mlingo wa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 samakonda kuwongolera milingo ya matendawa. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa choti alibe mita yamagalamu kapena ma labotale amakhala kutali kwambiri ndi komwe amakhala.

    Chifukwa chake, amawerengera kangapo pamwezi kapena mochepera, ndipo ngati angapeze zotsatira zake moyenera, amaganiza kuti amatha kuwongolera shuga awo. Komabe, izi sizowona konse, popeza kuyezetsa magazi kwa shuga kumawonetsa glycemia kokha panthawi yakumwa magazi, pomwe odwala oterowo sakudziwa mulingo wawo wa postprandial glycemia.

    Chifukwa chake, njira yoyenera yoyendetsera glycemic ndiyo kukhalapo kwa glucometer podziyang'anira pawokha glycemic. Mbiri ya glycemic imaphatikizapo kuwunikira pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndiye musanadye chilichonse komanso maola awiri mutatha kudya komanso pogona. Ndiko kuwongolera kumeneku komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wowunika wokwanira kuchuluka kwa glycemia ndikuwongolera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a hypoglycemic.

    Pakapanda kuwongolera glycemic moyenera, hemoglobin ya glycosylated imabwera kudzapulumutsa, kuwunika chizindikiro ichi m'miyezi itatu yapitayo. Pankhani ya kuchuluka kwa chizindikiro ichi, pamafunika kuchitapo kanthu kuti muchepetse.

    Kuyeza kumeneku ndikothandiza kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba, omwe glycosylated hemoglobin amawonetsa kukhalapo kapena kusowa kwa chipukutiro cha matenda. Zowonadi, ngakhale ndi mbiri yabwino ya glycemic, chizindikiritso cha HbA1c chikhoza kukhala chokwanira, chomwe chikufotokozera kukhalapo kwa nocturnal hyperglycemia kapena hypoglycemic ezvinhu ndi chiphuphu chotsatira cha hyperglycemic.

    Masewera a Glycosylated Hemoglobin

    Sikuti wodwala aliyense amafunika kutsitsa hemoglobin wa glycated kwa munthu wathanzi. Pali odwala ena omwe zimakhala bwino ngati chiwopsezocho chikuwonjezeka pang'ono. Izi zikuphatikiza okalamba ndi odwala omwe akumana ndi zovuta zina. Glycated hemoglobin, chizoloŵezi cha matenda a shuga pankhaniyi chizikhala pafupifupi 8%.

    Kufunika kwa mulingo wotere kumachitika chifukwa chakuti pothana ndi zisonyezo zochepa za kusanthula kumeneku, zoopsa zomwe zingayambitse matenda a hypoglycemic, omwe mu ukalamba ndi owopsa kwa wodwala, akhoza kuchuluka. Achinyamata amawonetsedwa kuwongolera kwamphamvu, ndipo ayenera kuyesetsa kwa 6.5% popewa kukula kwa zovuta za matendawa.

    Kuwunikaku sikuwonetsa kukwera kumodzi kwa glycemia, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndi hemoglobin wabwinobwino, glycemia ikhoza kukulira.Izi ndichifukwa choti kuwunikaku kumawonetsa zotsatira zapakatikati kwakanthawi.

    Ngati manambala ambiri amapezeka pang'onopang'ono (10% ndi apamwamba), ndiye kuti ndikulimbikitsidwa kuwunikanso njira zanu za matenda ashuga komanso momwe mungachitire kuti mukhale ndi thanzi. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti sikofunikira kuyeserera kutsika kwakukulu kwa chizindikiro ichi, koma, m'malo mwake, chitani pang'onopang'ono, pa 1-1,5% pachaka. Izi ndichifukwa choti thupi la munthu wotere limazolowera kuchuluka kwa glycemia ndipo zovuta zidayamba kale kupanga m'matumba ang'onoang'ono (maso ndi impso).

    Ndi kuchepa kwambiri kwa glucose, vuto la m'mimba limatha kukhazikika, pomwepo, lingayambitse kuchepa kwambiri kwa ntchito ya impso kapena kusawona. Izi zimatsimikiziridwa mwasayansi, komanso kuti kusinthasintha pamlingo wa glycemia m'malire mpaka 5 mmol / l sikumayambitsa kukula koopsa kwa zovuta zamitsempha.

    Ndiye chifukwa chake kuwongolera koyenera kwa glycosylated hemoglobin pamodzi ndi mbiri ya glycemic kwa odwala omwe ali ndi mitundu yonse ya shuga ndikofunikira, chifukwa pakakhala kuti palibe kuyendetsa bwino, munthu samadziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga komwe kumakwera ndikutsika mwa iye.

    Kodi kusanthula kumaperekedwa bwanji?

    Kuti mudziwe chizindikiro ichi, ndikofunikira kupereka magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha. Nthawi zambiri kuunikako kumatha kuchitika ku chipatala, koma si ma labotale onse m'mabungwe a boma omwe amachita. Chifukwa chake, zitha kuchitidwa mu labotale yokhayokha, ndipo kuwongolera sikofunikira.

    Nthawi zambiri, ma laboratories amalimbikitsa kupereka magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu, chifukwa akatha kudya magazi amasintha kapangidwe kake. Koma kuti muwone chizindikiritso ichi, zilibe kanthu kuti mungabwere kudzadya pamimba yopanda kanthu kapena mukatha kudya, chifukwa imawonetsa glycemia wapakati kwa miyezi itatu, ndipo osati pakadali pano.

    Komabe, ndibwino kupita ku labotale popanda chakudya cham'mawa, kuti muchepetse zovuta zowunikiranso ndikusinthanso ndalama. Kudzinyenga sikutanthauza kukonzekera.

    Nthawi zambiri zotsatira zimakhala zokonzeka m'masiku ochepa, koma pali zida zapadera - clover, zomwe zimapereka zotsatira mu mphindi 10. Kulondola kwa chipangizocho ndiwokwera kwambiri, pafupifupi 99%, komanso kulakwitsa pang'ono.

    Nthawi zambiri, magazi amatengedwa kuchokera mu mtsempha, koma pali njira zina zochotsetsa magazi kuchokera pachala. Omalizawa amatanthauza zida za clover.

    Momwe mungachepetse glycosylated hemoglobin

    Kutsika kwa magwiridwe a kusanthula kumeneku kukugwirizana mwachindunji ndikusintha kwa shuga komanso kuchepa kwa mbiri ya glycemic. Ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo a adotolo pankhani ya chithandizo cha matenda ashuga. Malangizowa akuphatikizapo:

    • kutsatira malangizo azakudya,
    • kudya kwakanthawi kake ndi kuyamwa kwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga,
    • magulu olimbitsa thupi
    • Kutsatira ndi zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku
    • kudziletsa kwa glycemia kunyumba.

    Ngati zadziwika kuti kutsatira malangizo omwe ali pamwambapa kumapereka zotsatira zabwino komanso kuchuluka kwa glycemia kunayamba kuchepa, komanso kukhala bwino, ndiye kuti wodwalayo ali m'njira yoyenera. Mwinanso, kuwunika kotsatira kudzakhala kwabwino kuposa koyambirira.

    Kodi hemoglobin imatha bwanji?

    Mlingo wa hemoglobin wa glycated ukhoza kutsimikiziridwa ndikudutsa magazi. Pakuphunzira, akatswiri amatenga ngati hemoglobin monga maziko a shuga.

    Shuga wambiri m'magazi, amalimbitsa kwambiri mankhwala othamanga.

    Zomwe zimachitika m'masiku 120 apitawa zimakhudzidwa, chifukwa nthawi imeneyi maselo ofiira amafa. Ndiye kuti, dotolo amawerengera za "shuga" wa mthupi kwa miyezi itatu, kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa magazi kwakanthawi.

    Kukonzekera kuwerenga

    Kusanthula kumeneku kumachitika nthawi 4 pachaka. Zotsatira zomwe zapezedwa zimapangitsa akatswiri kudziwa zambiri zamomwe ma glucose amasinthira komanso zimachitika kangati.

    Kukonzekera kwapadera kwa phunziroli sikufunika. Kusanthula kumaperekedwa m'mawa, nthawi zonse pamimba yopanda kanthu.

    M'malo omwe wodwalayo amayamba kutaya magazi tsiku lathalo, kapena kuikidwa magazi, kuyezetsa kumakhazikitsidwa kwa masabata angapo.

    Kutanthauzira kwa zotsatira za kusanthula: zonse komanso zopatuka

    Glycated hemoglobin sikuti nthawi zonse imasokoneza thanzi la wodwalayo. Mlingo wazomwe zili ndimagazi ungathe kuwonjezereka ngakhale ndi thanzi labwino. M'malo mwake, ngakhale mukumverera bwino, simuyenera kudabwa ngati zotsatira za kusanthula ziwonetsa zosiyana.

    Zikatero, kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu ndikofunikira, apo ayi wodwalayo angakumane ndi vuto. Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito njira zina zamtundu wa digito kuti adziwe zoyenera, kulola kuwunika bwino kwa wodwalayo.

    Chifukwa chake, ziwerengero zomwe zapezedwa zikuwonetsa izi:

    • zosakwana 5.7%. Zotsatira zake zikuwonetsa kuti wodwala alibe zovuta za kagayidwe kazakudya, ndipo mwayi wokhala ndi shuga ndi wochepa,
    • kuchokera pa 5.7% mpaka 6%. Palibenso matenda a shuga, koma chiopsezo cha chitukuko chake chikuchulukirachulukira. Odwala omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zotere,, pofuna kupewa, amasinthira ku chakudya chamafuta ochepa.
    • kuchokera pa 6.1% mpaka 6.4%. Zizindikiro zoterezi zikuwonetsa mwayi wopezeka ndi matenda ashuga. Kusintha kwa chakudya chama carb ochepa komanso kukana zizolowezi zoipa (kuphatikiza chakudya) ndikofunikira. Zomwezi ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi anthu omwe zotsatira zawo zimachokera ku 6% mpaka 6.2%,
    • oposa 6.5%. Ndi zizindikirozi, wodwalayo amapatsidwa kuwonetseratu koyambitsa matenda a shuga mellitus. Kuti mutsimikizire izi, maphunziro owonjezera amafunikira,
    • kuchokera pa 7.6% mpaka 7.7%. Ziwerengerozi zikuwonetsa kuti wodwalayo amadwala matenda a shuga kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo njira za m'magazi zimayamba kale m'thupi lake.

    Zoyenera kuchita ngati kuchuluka kwa munthu kwakwezedwa?

    Chilichonse chidzadalira kuchuluka kwa chizindikiritso chomwe chimadutsa muyeso wokhazikitsidwa.

    Ngati zolakwazo ndizosafunikira ndipo zingopita pang'onong'ono, wodwalayo azitsatira zakudya zamafuta ochepa, komanso kusiya zoipa.

    Njira zoterezi zimathandizira kagayidwe kazakudya ndi chakudya. Nthawi zambiri, njira zomwe zatchulidwa ndizokwanira kupewa matenda ashuga.

    Ngati chizindikiro chikuposa chizindikiro cha 5.6%, muyenera kufunsa dokotala. Katswiriyu adzakuwunikirani mayeso owonjezera omwe angakupatseni mwayi wopeza zotsatira zoyenera kuti mupewe zovuta.

    Momwe mungachepetse glycated hemoglobin mu shuga?

    Ngati mwadutsa mayeso mwapezeka kuti muli ndi mitengo yokwera, musachite mantha. Inunso mutha kuthandizira kutsitsa manambala kukhala chizindikiro pafupi ndi thanzi.

    Kuchepetsa mulingo wa HbA1C, zotsatirazi ziyenera kutengedwa:

    1. kusunthira zina. Yesani kulimbitsa thupi lanu ndi zinthu zolimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse kwa mphindi 30. Izi zitha kukhala kuyenda osayendayenda paki, kuyenda galu wanu, kuyendetsa njinga ndi zochitika zina. Pitani ku maphunziro a aerobic panthawiyi sikuyenera kukhala,
    2. kutsatira zakudya. Sizongonena za kudya moyenera zakudya zokha, komanso za magawidwe olondola a magawo. Muyenera kudya m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, pafupifupi 5-6 patsiku, kuti musayambitse kwambiri shuga. Chakudya chizikhala nthawi yomweyo,
    3. osapatuka pa dongosolo lamankhwala. Ngati mudasankhidwa kale maphunziro a zamankhwala, onetsetsani kuti mwawatsata, osachoka pamiyezo yomwe dokotala mwamupatsa pa gawo limodzi.

    Izi zimatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated.

    Momwe mungachepetse HbA1C pamasiku oyembekezera?

    Amayi amtsogolo amatha kusintha zizoloŵezi, kuwona kadyedwe ndi kudzilimbitsa okha ndi kuyeserera kwakuthupi kwakukulu.

    Ngati zomwe tatchulazi sizikugwira ntchito, muyenera kufunafuna thandizo la katswiri.

    Muzochitika zomwe kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin wa glycated kwambiri, dokotala amatha kupereka jakisoni wa insulin kwa mayi woyembekezera. Zikatero, ndikofunikanso kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga panyumba pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer.

    Momwe mungachepetse kuchuluka kwa mwana?

    Mwana akaulula hemoglobin wokwera, ayenera kuchitapo kanthu. Kuchepetsa zizindikiro kuyenera kukhala kosalala, popanda kuchita zinthu mopupuluma.

    Ngati dokotala walamula kuti alandire chithandizo chilichonse, kutsatira kwake ndikofunikira. Zotsatira zamankhwala omwe amamwa amatha kupitilizidwa ndikutsatira zakudya zamafuta ochepa, kugawa zakudya zoyenera, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

    Mwana ayenera kudya mpaka nthawi 5-6 patsiku nthawi yomweyo. Izi zimapewa kutsekemera mwadzidzidzi m'magazi a shuga ndi kuyambika kwa hyperglycemia. Ponena za zolimbitsa thupi, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kukula kwake.

    Kuyendetsa njinga, kuyenda m'madzi oundana, kusambira mu dziwe, kuyenda mu mpweya wabwino, kumayenda agalu ndi zochitika zina kumathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga, komanso glycated hemoglobin. Kuphunzitsa mwachangu ana otere ndikosavomerezeka.

    Makanema okhudzana nawo

    About kuyesa kwa magazi a glycated hemoglobin mu kanema:

    Kuyesedwa pafupipafupi kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kumathandizira kukhala ndi thanzi labwino, kudziwa ngati wodwalayo amatha kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndikupezanso ngati chithandizo chomwe dokotala wachita ndi dokotala ndi chothandiza. Chifukwa chake, musanyalanyaze malangizo owunikira omwe adokotala adakupatsani.

    • Imakhazikika pamisempha ya shuga kwa nthawi yayitali
    • Zimabwezeretsa kupanga kwa insulin

    Phunzirani zambiri. Osati mankhwala. ->

    Glycosylated hemoglobin pamwambamwamba - amatanthauza chiyani

    Ngati glycated hemoglobin imakwezedwa, zifukwa zomwe zimakhalapo ndizowonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Kuti mutsimikizire izi, ndikofunikira kudutsa mayeso.

    Glycohemoglobin ili m'magazi a anthu onse: onse athanzi komanso omwe akudwala matenda aliwonse. Ndi chinthu chopangidwa ndi kukhudzana ndi hemoglobin ndi glucose.

    Chifukwa chiyani kuchuluka kwake kukuchuluka? Kodi glycogemoglobin owonjezera umakhudza bwanji thanzi?

    Glycosylated hemoglobin - ndi chiyani?

    Amadziwika kuti HbA1C. Ichi ndi chizindikiro cha zamankhwala amodzi, zotsatira zake zomwe zimawonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Nthawi yosinthidwa ndi miyezi 3 yomaliza.

    HbA1C imawerengedwa monga chidziwitso chochulukirapo kuposa chotetemera cha shuga. Zotsatira zake, zomwe zimawonetsa hemoglobin ya glycated, imawonetsedwa ngati peresenti. Zimawonetsa gawo la "shuga" la mankhwala mu kuchuluka kwathunthu kwamaselo ofiira.

    Mitengo yayikulu ikusonyeza kuti munthu ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndipo matendawa ndi akulu.

    Kusanthula kwa glycosylated hemoglobin kuli ndi zabwino zingapo:

    • Phunziroli litha kuchitika popanda kutchula nthawi yatsiku, ndipo osachita izi pamimba yopanda kanthu,
    • matenda opatsirana ndikuwonjezera nkhawa sizikhudza zotsatira za kuwunikaku,
    • kuphunzira kotere kumakupatsani mwayi kuti muzindikire matenda ashuga musanayambike ndikuyamba chithandizo munthawi yake,
    • kusanthula kumathandiza kumanga mfundo yokhudza kutha kwa mankhwalawa matenda a shuga.

    Komabe, njira yofufuzira zolakwika sizili ndi:

    • mtengo wokwera - uli ndi mtengo wambiri poyerekeza ndi kusanthula kwa shuga.
    • ndi mahosi ochepa a chithokomiro, HbA1C imawonjezeka, ngakhale kwenikweni, mulingo wamagazi amunthuwo ndi ochepa,
    • Odwala ndi magazi m'thupi, zotsatira zake zimasokonekera,
    • ngati munthu atenga vitamini C ndi E, zotsatira zake ndizochepa.

    Glycosylated hemoglobin - mungapereke bwanji?

    Ma labotor ambiri omwe amachititsa kafukufukuyu, amachita zitsanzo zamagazi pamimba yopanda kanthu. Izi zimapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kuti akatswiri azichita kusanthula.

    Ngakhale kudya sikusokoneza zotsatira, ndikofunikira kunena kuti magazi samatengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu.

    Kuwunikira kwa hemoglobin ya glycosylated kutha kuchitika zonse kuchokera mu mtsempha ndi chala (zonse zimatengera mtundu wa wasanthula). Nthawi zambiri, zotsatira za phunzirolo zimakhala zokonzekera pambuyo pa masiku 3-4.

    Ngati chizindikirocho chili pakati pa mitundu yonse, kuwunika kotsatira kungatengedwe zaka 1-3. Matenda a shuga akangopezeka, kuyambiranso kumalimbikitsidwa pakatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

    Ngati wodwalayo adalembetsa kale ndi endocrinologist ndipo adalandira chithandizo chamankhwala, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muyembekezere miyezi itatu iliyonse.

    Kuyenda koteroko kumathandizira kupeza chidziwitso cha momwe munthu alili ndikuwunikira momwe mankhwalawo amathandizira.

    Mayeso a Glycated Hemoglobin - Kukonzekera

    Phunziroli ndilopadera pamtundu wake. Kuti mupereke mayeso a magazi a glycosylated hemoglobin, simuyenera kukonzekera. Komabe, zinthu zotsatirazi zingasokeretse zotsatira (zichepetsani):

    Kusanthula kwa hemoglobin ya glycosylated (glycated) kumachitika bwino mu labotale yokhala ndi zida zamakono. Chifukwa cha izi, zotsatira zake zidzakhala zolondola.

    Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti maphunziro mu labotale osiyanasiyana nthawi zambiri amapereka zosiyana. Izi ndichifukwa choti njira zosiyanasiyana zodziwirira matenda zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo azachipatala.

    Ndikofunika kuyesedwa mu labotale yotsimikiziridwa.

    Kutsimikiza kwa glycosylated hemoglobin

    Mpaka pano, palibe muyezo umodzi womwe ungagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi ma labotale azachipatala. Kutsimikiza kwa glycosylated hemoglobin m'magazi kumachitika ndi njira zotsatirazi:

    • chromatography yamadzimadzi
    • immunoturbodimetry,
    • ion kusinthana chromatography,
    • kusanthula kwa nephelometric.

    Glycosylated Hemoglobin - Mwachizolowezi

    Chizindikiro ichi chilibe zaka kapena kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi. Muyezo wa hemoglobin wa glycosylated m'magazi kwa akulu ndi ana umagwirizanika.

    Amachokera ku 4% mpaka 6%. Zizindikiro zomwe zimakhala zapamwamba kapena zotsika zimayang'ana matenda.

    Makamaka, izi ndi zomwe glycosylated hemoglobin akuwonetsa:

    1. HbA1C kuyambira 4% mpaka 5.7% -munthu amakhala ndi metabolism ya carbohydrate mwadongosolo. Kuchepa kwa matenda ashuga sikwatheka.
    2. 5.7% -6.0% - Zotsatira izi zikuwonetsa kuti wodwalayo ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda. Palibe chithandizo chomwe chikufunika, koma adotolo angavomereze zakudya zamafuta ochepa.
    3. HbA1C imachokera ku 6.1% mpaka 6.4% - Chiwopsezo chotenga matenda ashuga ndichabwino. Wodwalayo ayenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu omwe amamwa posachedwa ndikutsatira malangizo a dokotala ena.
    4. Ngati chizindikiro ndi 6.5% - kufufuza koyambirira kwa matenda ashuga. Kuti mutsimikizire, kuyesedwa kowonjezereka kumayikidwa.

    Ngati glycosylated hemoglobin mwa amayi apakati akayesedwa, momwemonso mu nkhaniyi ndi chimodzimodzi kwa anthu ena. Komabe, chizindikirochi chimatha kusintha nthawi yonse yobereka mwana. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa:

    • kuchepa magazi mwa mkazi
    • chipatso chachikulu kwambiri
    • kukanika kwa impso.

    Glycosylated hemoglobin inachuluka

    Ngati chizindikirochi ndichoposa china, izi zikuwonetsa mavuto akulu omwe amachitika mthupi. High glycosylated hemoglobin nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi zotsatirazi:

    • kutayika kwamaso
    • chilonda chachitali
    • ludzu
    • kuchepa kwambiri kapena kuwonda.
    • chitetezo chokwanira
    • kukodza pafupipafupi,
    • kutaya mphamvu ndi kugona.
    • kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi.

    Glycated hemoglobin inachuluka --atani?

    Malangizo otsatirawa athandiza kusintha misinkhu ya HbA1C

    1. Kupindulitsa kwa zakudya ndi zipatso ndi masamba atsopano, nsomba zamafuta ochepa, nyemba, yogati.Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kudya kwamafuta, zakudya zamafuta.
    2. Dzitetezeni ku zipsinjo zomwe zimawononga thupi.
    3. Osachepera theka la ola tsiku lililonse kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Chifukwa cha izi, mulingo wa glycosylated hemoglobin udzachepa ndipo thanzi lonse likhala bwino.
    4. Pitani kwa dotolo pafupipafupi ndikuchita mayeso onse omwe iye wamulembera.

    Ngati chizindikirochi ndichoperewera, ndicowopsa monga kuchikweza. Glycosylated hemoglobin wocheperachepera 4% amatha kuyambitsa izi:

    • kutaya magazi kwambiri kudwala kumene
    • kusowa kwa kapamba,
    • achina,
    • kulephera kwa chiwindi
    • matenda omwe amawonongeratu maselo ofiira am'mimba.
    Kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin - zimayambitsa ndi kulandira chithandizo mwa amayi, abambo ndi ana Kuchulukitsa hemoglobin ndi vuto lomwe limakhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira m'magazi. Zimayambitsa kuphwanya kayendedwe ka magazi ndipo zimatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zosasangalatsa, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kubweretsanso kuchuluka kwa hemoprotein mwachangu momwe zingathekere.Zomwe endocrinologist amachita - funso ili limadandaula odwala omwe amapititsidwa kukayezetsa dokotala. Gawo la katswiriyo limakhazikika pamatenda a endocrine system matenda. Akutenga nawo matenda ndi kuwachiritsa.
    Kudziwa zomwe dokotala wamankhwala amachiza, mutha kuyang'ana kwa katswiriyu munthawi yopempha thandizo. Adziyang'anitsitsa, ndikuwapatsa kafukufuku wodziwa matenda, kenako asankhe chithandizocho. Wodwala akamayamba mwachangu, zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino.Imfa yachipatala - amatanthauza chiyani, zizindikilo zake, nthawi yodwalika Matendawo ndi gawo losinthiratu, pomwe pali kusowa kwathunthu kwa zizindikiritso zofunikira: chikumbumtima, kupumula, kupuma, ntchito. Njira zopulumutsira zimabwezeretsa munthu moyo.

    Kuyang'anira chithandizo cha matenda ashuga

    Anthu onse ali ndi mtundu wa hemoglobin wa glycosylated, komabe, mu odwala matenda ashuga, kuchuluka kwa chinthuchi kumakhala pafupifupi katatu.

    Pambuyo pa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pamankhwala, pambuyo pa masabata asanu ndi limodzi wodwala amakhala ndi mtundu wa hemoglobin wa glycosylated.

    Poyerekeza ndi mayeso abwinobwino a shuga, kuyezetsa magazi kwa m'magazi kumadziwika kuti ndi kolondola, chifukwa kumathandizira kutsimikizira momwe wodwalayo alili kwa miyezi ingapo.

    1. Kusanthula kumathandizira kudziwa momwe chithandizo cha matenda a shuga chikugwirira ntchito. Monga lamulo, wochita kusanthula amayeserera magazi a glycosylated hemoglobin kuti awonetsetse zamankhwala othandizira miyezi itatu yapitayo. Ngati mayeso atapezeka kuti glycosylated hemoglobin akadakwezedwa, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa kusintha pamankhwala a shuga.
    2. Kuphatikiza pa glycosylated hemoglobin amayeza kuti adziwe zovuta za matenda ashuga. Ngati wodwala ali ndi hemoglobin yowonjezera ya glycosylated, izi zikuwonetsa kuti m'miyezi itatu yapitayi anali ndi kuchuluka kwa glycemia. Izi nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa zovuta za matendawa.
    3. Malinga ndi madokotala, ngati wodwala matenda ashuga achulukitsa hemoglobin pakanthawi kochepa ndi 10 peresenti, chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda ashuga retinopathy amachepetsa ndi 45 peresenti, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa khungu la odwala. Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira kuwunika momwe zinthu zilili ndikupanga kuyezetsa magazi pafupipafupi. Muzipatala zachinsinsi, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito chida chapadera chotchedwa glycated hemoglobin analyzer.
    4. Komanso, kusanthula kumakonda kuperekedwa kwa azimayi panthawi yoyembekezera kuti adziwe matenda ashuga omwe ali nawo. Komabe, nthawi zambiri zotsatira zoyesa zimakhala zosadalirika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa magazi m'thupi mwa amayi apakati, nthawi yofupika ya moyo wama cell ofiira, komanso kuchepa kwa thupi m'magazi a mayi wapakati.

    Glycosylated Hemoglobin Level Measurement

    Pofuna kudziwa kuchuluka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi shuga, njira ziwiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito - kuyeza magazi a shuga ndikuchita mayeso ololera a glucose.

    Pakadali pano, chifukwa chakuti kuchuluka kwa shuga kumatha kuchuluka kapena kutsika nthawi iliyonse, kutengera kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya komanso zinthu zina, nthawi zina matenda ashuga sangapezeke. Pazifukwa izi, nthawi zina, kuyezetsa magazi kumachitika chifukwa cha glycosylated hemoglobin, yomwe, mwachitsanzo, chosanthula imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

    Ngakhale kuti kusanthula kwa glycosylated hemoglobin ndikuphunzira kolondola kwambiri, ndi njira yodula kwambiri, motero sikuchitika m'mabotore onse.

    Pakusanthula shuga m'magazi, wodwala amatenga 1 ml ya magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha kupita m'mimba yopanda kanthu. Maphunziro amtunduwu samavomerezeka ngati wodwala atamuika magazi pambuyo pochita opaleshoni, chifukwa zotsatira zake zingakhale zolondola.

    Kuphatikiza pa mayeso a labotale, kuyezetsa magazi kwa mulingo wa glycosylated hemoglobin kutha kuchitika kunyumba, ngati pali chida chosanthula chapadera.

    Zipangizo zoterezi tsopano zimapezeka ndi akatswiri ambiri azachipatala ndi zipatala zamankhwala. Pulogalamuyi imalola kwa mphindi zingapo kudziwa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin m'maselo onse am'magazi komanso amizimba, magazi athunthu.

    Glycosylated hemoglobin

    Mlingo wa hemoglobin ndi 4-6,5% ya kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin. Mu odwala matenda ashuga, chizindikiro ichi nthawi zambiri chimawonjezeka kawiri mpaka katatu.

    Pakuwongolera glycosylated hemoglobin, zoyeserera ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti muchepetse shuga la wodwalayo.

    Pazomwezi, wodwalayo amakhala ndi zisonyezo.

    Kuti mupeze chithunzi chonse, kusanthula nthawi zambiri kumachitika pakadutsa milungu isanu ndi umodzi. Pofuna kuti musapite ku chipatala, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito wopangirayo poyambitsa phunzirolo.

    Ndi moyo wathanzi komanso chithandizo chofunikira, kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycosylated imafikira mwezi umodzi ndi theka pambuyo pomwe shuga muziphunzirizo atathetsedwa.

    Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti ngati mulingo wa hemoglobin wophunziridwa uwonjezereka ndi gawo limodzi, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakwera ndi 2 mmol / lita. Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa 4.5-6,5 peresenti kumawonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi a 2.6-6.3 mmol / lita.

    Muzochitika pamene index ya glycosylated hemoglobin ikukwera mpaka 8 peresenti, kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa magazi ndiwokwera kuposa zomwe zimachitika ndipo ndi 8.2-10.0 mmol / lita. Potere, wodwala amafunika kuwongolera zakudya komanso kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi.

    Ngati chizindikirocho chikuwonjezeka mpaka 14 peresenti, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndizokwera kwambiri kuposa zomwe zimachitika ndipo ndi mmol / lita, muyenera kufunsa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Izi ndizofunikira kwa odwala matenda ashuga ndipo zimayambitsa zovuta.

    Kodi zimatanthawuza chiyani ngati glycosylated hemoglobin imakhala yabwinoko? Dziwani zifukwa zotheka

    Glycosylated hemoglobin ndi ubale wapadera pakati pa shuga wamagazi ndi mapuloteni ena a hemoglobin.

    Chizindikirochi ndichofunikira makamaka pakudziwitsa matenda ashuga.

    Deta ndiyofunikanso kuwunika momwe amayi apakati komanso osakhala oyembekezera amakhalira.

    Chizindikirochi chimapezeka pakumayesedwa wapadera kwamwazi.

    Kodi chingalankhule za chiyani?

    Glycosylated hemoglobin ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa thupi. Amapangidwa panthawi yolumikizana ndi hemoglobin wamba ndi glucose. Kuchuluka kwake kumadalira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Komanso, mapangidwe a hemoglobin otere amapezeka pang'onopang'ono kwambiri.

    Magetsi a hemoglobin a glycosylated amatha kuwerengera ndi kusanthula kwapadera. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti njirayi ichitidwe kangapo kamodzi pachaka.

    Ngati nthenda yonyansa ya m'magazi yapezeka glycosylated hemoglobin m'magazi, dokotala amakupatsani mankhwala omwe amakonza kuchuluka kwa shuga mkati mwake.

    Ndi chiwonetsero chowonjezereka, wodwalayo ayenera kusinthana ndi zakudya zoyenera, ayambe kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi ndikusamala kwambiri thanzi lake.

    Kuti mudziwe zomwe zimawonetsedwa ngati zopanda phindu kwa munthu wathanzi, muyenera kudziwa zomwe zikuchitika. Mwa amayi ndi abambo, chizolowezi chimakhala chofanana ndipo chimachokera ku 1.86 mpaka 2.48 mmol.

    Chizindikirochi chimanena za kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin.

    Mlingo wa hemoglobin wa glycosylated mwa munthu wathanzi suyenera kupitilira ndi 6.5%, ndiye kuti malire ake ndi 2.64 mmol.

    Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwunika kuchuluka kwa glycogemoglobin pa nthawi yapakati kuti tisatengere zomwe zimachitika ndi matenda a shuga.

    Kuwonjezeka kwa ndende ya glycogemoglobin kumawonetsa zovuta zaumoyo.

    Pakusanthula, adotolo amatha kudziwa njira yoyenera yodziwira, malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycosylated.

    Ngati ndende yake ikukwera 7% kuposa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin wamba, ndiye kuti dokotala amatha kudziwa mtundu wa matenda ashuga a 2.

    Ngati chiwonjezerochi chikuchulukirapo 12%, ndiye kuti matenda ngati matenda a shuga osakwaniritsidwa amakhazikitsidwa. Kuphatikiza pa kuzindikiridwa pamtunduwu m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycosylated, kupezeka kwa magazi m'thupi kapena kusowa kwa ayoni m'magazi kungakhazikike.

    Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kuwonjezeka kwa glycosylated hemoglobin kungayambitsidwe osati ndi zovuta zaumoyo, komanso kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda oopsa. Nthawi zambiri, kupatuka mu ndende ya glycogemoglobin kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda a ndulu kapena ngakhale kuchotsa ziwalozi.

    Voliyumu yachilengedwe ya glycosylated hemoglobin imachokera ku 4 mpaka 6% ya voliyumu yonse. Chizindikiro ichi chikufanana ndi 3 mpaka 5 mmol / L.

    Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ndende yake, zomwe zimayambitsa ndikuphwanya kwa kagayidwe kazakudya komanso kuchuluka kwa glucose pakapita nthawi.

    Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi:

    1. mtundu 1 shuga
    2. mtundu 2 shuga
    3. yaitali hyperglycemia.

    Kuphatikiza pazifukwa zili pamwambazi, zifukwa zina zimatha kukhudza kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycosylated:

    1. poyizoni wa mowa
    2. kuchepa magazi
    3. kuchotsa ndulu,
    4. tsitsani mchere poyizoni,
    5. uremia.

    Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin wa glycosylated ndi chizindikiro cha kukula kwa matenda oopsa. Koma ngakhale zitakhala zifukwa zomwe zinayambitsa izi, ndikofunikira kufunsa dokotala.

    Pa nthawi yoyembekezera

    Pa nthawi yoyembekezera, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwunika mosamala kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycosylated kuti muwone kuchuluka kwake ndikuwonetsa kwa matenda ashuga kapena matenda ena. Kuti apange kafukufuku wamankhwala amodzi pamenepa, adokotala amafotokozera kuti:

    1. mavuto a metabolic
    2. matenda ashuga
    3. pakati mwa azimayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga
    4. matenda a genitourinary system,
    5. Hyperlipemia,
    6. kudziwikiratu kwa matenda ashuga
    7. kuthamanga kwa magazi.

    Kupititsa kusanthula kwapadera kwa matenda a shuga a glycated kumakupatsani mwayi wowazindikira matenda ena amtima, kusokonezeka kwa chitukuko cha mtima ndi mtsempha wamagazi m'mwana, neuropathy. Kuchulukitsidwa kwa hemoglobin ya glycosylated pa nthawi ya pakati sikusiyana ndi zomwe zimapezeka mu magazi a mayi osakhala woyembekezera.

    : kuyesa kwa magazi a hemoglobin

    Chizindikirochi chimatha kupitilira kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin yabwinoko ndi 6.5% ndipo osatinso. Pa nthawi yomwe mayi ali ndi pakati, mayi amadutsa kuwunika komwekonse kamodzi ndi theka mpaka miyezi iwiri. Ndikofunikira kuti mutsate molondola kagayidwe kazakudya m'thupi.

    Kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin wa glycosylated mthupi la mkazi amene ali ndi udindo ndikosowa. Ngati mayi samva bwino mu nthawi yoyembekezera, ndiye kuti ayenera kupita kwa dokotala kuti athetse nthawi yomweyo zomwe zimayambitsa vuto losakhazikika.

    Chithandizo cha hemoglobin wokwera wokwera amadziwikiridwa chifukwa cha zifukwa zomwe zimapangidwanso chimodzimodzi.

    Mankhwala osiyanasiyana amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amangoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito atakambirana ndi dokotala.

    Ngati mukufuna, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito wowerengeka azitsamba. Kuphatikiza apo, chinthu chovomerezeka chamankhwala ndichakudya chofuna kuchepetsa shuga.

    Kumbukirani kuti kupewa ndiye chithandizo chabwino kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, madokotala amalangiza kutsogolera kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi, kudya moyenera komanso moyenera, kupatula zakudya zophatikiza ndi mafuta ambiri, mafuta, ufa ndi zakudya zosuta.

    Izi ndizofunikira osati kwa anthu omwe akuganiza kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga, komanso kwa iwo omwe abale awo ali ndi matenda ashuga.

    Ndikofunikira kusungabe madzi, makamaka pakadali pano ndikofunika kulabadira amayi apakati.

    Osanyalanyaza mayeso okonzekera komanso kuperekera maphunziro kwakanthawi.

    Zomwe mudakumana nazo pazaka 14.

    Mtengo wa hemoglobin wa glycated

    Glycated hemoglobin imawonekera m'thupi chifukwa cha zochita zamafuta a glucose. Amapangidwa m'maselo ofiira am'magazi ndikumanga hemoglobin ndi glucose.

    Kupitilira gawo limodzi lokhala pachaka, kuyezetsa magazi kuyenera kuchitidwa - izi ziwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga kutengera kuthekera kwa hemoglobin panthawiyi. Kuyesedwa kotere kumachitika ndikuwonetsetsa kuwopsa kwa matendawa, kuchuluka kwa njira ya mankhwalawa ndikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa matenda osokoneza bongo.

    Maziko a kusanthula uku sangawonetsetse bwino momwe wodwalayo alili. Zikuwonetsa kuti glucose anali m'madzi am'madzi pazaka zapitazo.

    Kuwunika kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kumaperekedwa ngakhale ndi zovuta zochepa za matenda a shuga.

    Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito malingaliro awa pofufuza: A1C, hemoglobin A1C, HbA1C.

    Kuyeza kumeneku kumakupatsirani zambiri kuposa kungoyang'ana shuga wamagazi anu ndikuwona magazi anu.

    Kukonzekera mayesowo

    Kukonzekera koyenera ndi mapindu a kusanthula

    Kusanthula koteroko kuyenera kutumizidwa 4 pachaka. Kupuma kotereku kumathandizira kumvetsetsa momwe kuchuluka kwa glucose amachitikira komanso momwe amasinthira.

    Kupereka magazi kuyenera kuchitidwa m'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu.

    Ngati wodwalayo akutuluka magazi kapena atathiridwa magazi, ndibwino kuchedwa kuunikanso kwa masabata angapo.

    Chiyeso chimaperekedwa nthawi zonse mu labotale momwemo, popeza njira zama labotale osiyanasiyana zilinso zosiyana.

    Anthu onse omwe amasamala zaumoyo wawo amalangizidwa kuti asadikire mpaka komaliza komanso asabweretse ambulansi, chifukwa hemoglobin ya glycated imatha kuchuluka ngakhale ndi thanzi labwino.

    Kuzindikira kwakanthawi kumathandiza kupewa zotsatira zoyipa.

    Kusanthula uku kuli ndi maubwino angapo:

    • Komabe, zitha kuchitidwa osati pamimba yopanda kanthu (koma makamaka - zotsatira zake zidzakhala zolondola).
    • Pazoyesa zonse, ndizothandiza kwambiri ndipo zimawulula shuga kuyambira koyambirira.
    • Sichitenga nthawi yambiri, ndipo mitengo yake ndiyochepa poyerekeza ndi zotsatira zake.
    • Mothandizidwa ndi iye, madokotala amayang'anira wodwalayo: ngakhale adatsata shuga m'miyezi itatu yapitayo.
    • Matenda samakhudza zotsatira zoyesa.

    Kupotoza kusanthula: kwabwinobwino

    Mlingo wa hemoglobin wa glycated m'magazi ndi zonyansa

    Kuwunikira mayesowa sikukutenga nthawi yayitali komanso ntchito zamaganizidwe. Popeza ukadaulo wofufuza shuga ndimagulu osiyanasiyana, muyenera kupenda kangapo. Ndi ma shuga omwewo mwa anthu awiri, pakhoza kukhala kusiyana pakati pa 1%.

    Chiyesocho chikhoza kuwonetsa zotsatira zolakwika, chifukwa fetal hemoglobin yabodza ikhoza kuchuluka kapena kuchepa. Chifukwa cha izo, kusiyana kwake kungakhale 1%. Kukha magazi, kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi komanso uremia kungayambitse kuchepa.

    Madokotala a matenda ashuga komanso endocrinologists apeza zifukwa zomwe kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin m'magazi kumadalira:

    Kutanthauzira kwa zowunikira:

    • = 6.5%. Ndi zizindikiro zotere, kuwonetseratu koyambirira kumapangidwa - matenda ashuga. Kuti mupeze matenda olondola, kuyezetsa magazi ena ochulukirapo kuyenera kuchitidwa.

    Amachepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin, yomwe imachepetsa kwambiri matenda ashuga.

    Zambiri pazakuwunika kwa hemoglobin mu glycated zimapezeka muvidiyo.

    Pansi glycated hemoglobin

    Hemoglobin yafupika kwambiri ikhoza kuwoneka ngati hypoglycemia. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimadziwoneka ngati chotupa cha pancreatic - zimapatsa insulin yayikulu.

    Pokhala ndi insulin yambiri m'magazi, shuga amachepetsa ndikuyambitsa hypoglycemia.

    Zotsatira ziti zomwe zingayambitse hemoglobin yotsika:

    • Pali gawo la othandizira a hypoglycemic.
    • Muyenera kutsatira zakudya zazitali zamatumbo.
    • Iyenera kuchita zolimbitsa thupi.
    • Mutha kupeza kusowa kwa adrenal.
    • Matenda osawerengeka ochokera ku genetics angapo amawonekera (matenda a Herce, matenda a von Girke, matenda a Forbes, tsankho la chiberekero).

    Kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin wa glycated

    Chizindikiro ichi chikuwonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kwakweza kwa nthawi yayitali, koma sizikutanthauza shuga.

    Carbohydrate metabolism imaphwanyidwanso pazotsatirazi:

    Matenda a shuga amavomerezedwa pokhapokha kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin wa glycated kuli pamwamba 6.5%, zomwe ndizoposa zomwe zimachitika. Dziko lisanafike shuga limawerengeredwa kuti limachokera ku 6.0% mpaka 6.5%.

    Chithandizo - Zakudya Zoyenera

    Matenda a mtundu wa hemoglobin wa glycated m'magazi

    Munthu ayenera kusinthidwa kuti akhale wathanzi, zimathandizira kukhala wokhazikika:

    1. Idyani masamba ndi zipatso zambiri. Amathandizanso kuti thupi lizikula komanso kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa thupi, komanso kuthandizanso kusunga shuga wamagazi mkati mwa nthawi zonse.
    2. Ziphuphu ndi nthochi zimakhala ndi fiber yambiri, komanso ndizothandiza kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Mwachitsanzo, nyemba zimakhazikitsa shuga mukamadya zakudya zilizonse tsiku lonse.
    3. Imwani yogati ndi mkaka wotsika. Muli mavitamini D ndi calcium kuti alimbikitse dongosolo la mafupa. Zimathandizira kukonza chimbudzi ndikuwongolera shuga, komanso zimatha kukuthandizani kuti muchepetse kunenepa. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a 2 ayenera kudya zakudya izi pafupipafupi.
    4. Kudya nyama ya nsomba ndi mtedza ndikofunikanso. Zogulitsazi zimakhala ndi ma omega-3 acids, omwe amachepetsa kukana kwa insulin, motero, amawongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, amathandizira mtima kugwira ntchito bwino. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri amachepetsa kuchuluka kwawo kwa cholesterol ndi zakudya izi.
    5. Sinamoni mu zakudya zomwe zimakhala patebulo nthawi zonse ndizothandiza. Amachepetsa kukana insulini. Cinnamon imatha kuwonjezeredwa ku zonse zakumwa ndi zakumwa.
    6. Simungathe kudya zakudya zamafuta ndi zakudya zopanda pake. Zokoma ndi zokhwasula-khwasula zimatsogolera kukuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ndi zoletsedwa kudya: chokoleti, kudya mwachangu, keke, tchipisi za mbatata, zakudya yokazinga, ayisikilimu, zakumwa zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi. Zonsezi zimakhudza hemoglobin ya glycated.
    7. Ngati mukufuna zokoma komanso chokoma, idyani zipatso, zipatso, tchizi wopanda mafuta. Zachilengedwe zonse ndizofunikira. Izi zimathetsa ludzu lanu la maswiti. Zinthu izi zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga wachilengedwe zimayambitsa shuga wambiri kulowa mthupi kuposa chokoleti ndi koloko. Masakiti okhala ndi shuga wochita kupanga, omwe samamwetsa ndipo amalowa kwathunthu m'magazi.
    8. M'malo mwa koloko, mumatha kumwa madzi osavuta, ndizosavuta kuzizolowera. Ngati mumamwa madzi osungidwa nthawi zonse kapena owiritsa, mutha kupewa kuchepa kwa madzi, chifukwa nthawi zina kumabweretsa shuga wambiri wamagazi ndi kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated. Kuphatikiza apo, kudya mwachangu ndi koloko kumachulukitsa kwambiri.
    9. Ndikofunikira kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti mukhale olimba. Njira zamankhwala izi zimathandizira kuti musokoneze vutoli.
    10. Phatikizani masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi zolimbitsa thupi zanu zatsiku ndi tsiku. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi a Anaerobic muholo kungathandize kuchepetsa shuga wam magazi kwakanthawi kochepa, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi (kuyenda kapena kusambira) kumachepetsa shuga kwa nthawi yayitali. Ngati mumachita izi kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti hemoglobin A1C idzachepa kwambiri ndipo ingasangalatse magwiridwe ake.
    11. Yesetsani kuwonjezera katundu wanu ngakhale kunyumba. Pogwira ntchito zapamwamba, kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin A1C kudzachepa. Yendani kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, musagwiritse ntchito kukweza.
    12. Simungathe kuwerengera zochitika zovuta. Nthawi zonse yesetsani kukhala odekha, pumulani. Pakhoza kupumulako: chitani zomwe zimakupeputsirani. Onerani kanema, yendani ndi galu wanu, lankhulani ndi wokondedwa, pitani kumakanema, masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kwina kulikonse. Chinthu chachikulu - musakhale amanjenje, apo ayi mankhwalawo apita pansi kukhetsa, ndipo shuga idzakwera kwambiri. Mutha kuzipangabe yoga - imapumula ndikuwapatsa zinthu zolimbitsa thupi: ziwiri chimodzi.

    Yesetsani kuthana ndi mayanjano ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa nkhawa komanso kupsinjika.

    Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti sikuti shuga ya magazi yokha ikhoza kukwera, komanso matenda a mtima ndi vuto la kunenepa kwambiri.

    Ngati mukumva kugwiranso ntchito molimbitsa thupi, muyenera kusintha ndandanda yanu ndikuchepetsa nkhawa.

    Glycated hemoglobin imatha kuwongoleredwa, muyenera kupangana ndi dokotala kuti mukawone, ikuthandizani pakuwongolera kwa hemoglobin m'magazi ndikupereka malangizo onse ofunikira.

    Ndikofunikira kugwirizanitsa zochita zonse ndi dokotala: mankhwala osokoneza bongo, zolimbitsa thupi ndi zina zambiri. Chachikulu ndichakuti musataye mtima ndikutsatira upangiri wa dotolo, chifukwa adzakuthandizani kuti mukhalebe olimba komanso osakulitsa matenda.

    Sankhani ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Enter kuti mutiwuze.

    Glycosylated hemoglobin ndi yokwera kuposa yachilendo: zimatanthawuza, momwe angachepetse kuchuluka, zimayambitsa

    Ndikofunikira kwa wodwala aliyense yemwe amakonda kudziwa matenda a shuga kapena, ngati alipo, ayese mayeso kuti adziwe glycosylated hemoglobin (A1c, HbA1c).

    Izi ndizomwe zimadziwika kuti zimapangidwa chifukwa cha kukhudzana kwa hemoglobin ndi glucose. Pali zochitika pafupipafupi pomwe izi zimapeza mwayi wopatuka pazomwe zimachitika.

    Glycosylated hemoglobin pamwambamwamba - amatanthauza chiyani? Ganizirani yankho la funsoli m'nkhaniyi.

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