Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa fructose ndi sucrose ndi glucose?

Mwinanso aliyense adadzifunsa kuti pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa fructose ndi shuga? Kodi kukoma kokoma ndi chiyani?

Shuga, kapena dzina lachiwiri la sucrose, ndi chinthu chomwe chimakhala chovuta kwambiri. Amakhala ndi mamolekyulu, omwe nawonso amapangidwa ndi zotsalira za fructose ndi glucose. Sucrose ali ndi mphamvu yayikulu, ndi chakudya chamagulu.

Mitundu yayikulu ya shuga

Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti pofuna kuchepetsa thupi kapena kuchepa thupi, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri tsiku lililonse.

Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku sizikhala zama calorie ambiri.

Onse opanga zakudya omwe amalangizidwa kuti asinthe kuti adye zakudya zina ndikudya zakudya zopatsa mphamvu otsika kalikonse ponena izi.

Mitundu yambiri ya chakudya chamafuta ndi:

Fructose, chinthu chomwe chimapezeka mu uchi kapena zipatso, ndi mtundu waukulu wa shuga. Ili ndi machitidwe apadera: simalowera m'magazi atangogwiritsa ntchito, imalowetsedwa ndi thupi pang'onopang'ono. Kufalikira. Poyang'ana koyamba, fructose imatha kuphatikizidwa ndi zipatso zomwe zimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zofunikira, mavitamini. Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito ngati chinthu chowonjezera, ndiye kuti chimawerengedwa ngati chakudya. Ngati mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwamafuta, amakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zambiri, ndipo sizosiyana ndi shuga wamba.
Lactose ndi dzina lina la shuga la mkaka. Muli mkaka ndi mkaka. Kachiwiri, lactose ndi yocheperako kuposa mkaka. Kuphatikizidwa kumaphatikizapo galactose, shuga. Kuti musangalatsidwe ndi thupi, chinthu chothandiza lactase ndichofunikira. Enzyme imeneyi imatha kuphwanya mamolekyulu a shuga, omwe amachititsa kuti m'mimba mulowe. Ngati mulibe encyme ya lactase m'thupi, njira yotsatizirayi imachitika, yomwe ingayambitse matenda am'mimba, m'mimba, ndi colic m'mimba.
Sucrose ndi dzina losavuta la shuga la pagome. Muli shuga ndi fructose. Amapanga chinthu chamitundu yosiyanasiyana: ufa, galasi. Kupangidwa kuchokera kwa nzimbe, beets.
Glucose - ndi shuga wosavuta. Ikamamwa, imalowa nthawi yomweyo m'magazi. Nthawi zambiri gwiritsani ntchito shuga. Kufalikira, izi zili choncho.

Kuphatikiza apo, pali maltose - shuga wamtunduwu ali ndi mamolekyulu awiri a shuga. Itha kupezeka m'mizere.

Amatulutsa zakumwa zoledzeretsa zam'mapu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Kodi m'malo mwa shuga mumabisa chiyani?

Fructose ndi glucose ndi chakudya chamagulu ndipo ndi a gulu la monosaccharides. Ma subspecies awiriwa nthawi zambiri amatha kupezeka palimodzi muzinthu zambiri. Shuga ya pagome lokhazikika (sucrose) imakhala ndi 50/50% fructose ndi shuga.

Aliyense amadziwa kuti ndikudya kwambiri shuga, kusokonezeka kwakukulu mu kayendedwe ka metabolic kumatha kuchitika mthupi.

Zotsatira za kusokonezeka kotereku ndikutukuka m'thupi:

Kuti mupewe mavutowa, akatswiri adapeza yankho - ichi ndichotsekemera. Poyerekeza ndi shuga wokhazikika, sweetener ili ndi mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri.

Mitundu iwiri ya zotsekemera kukoma imapangidwa:

Ngakhale mawonekedwe ake, pafupifupi onse ndi ovulaza thupi la munthu, kuphatikizapo achilengedwe.

Saccharin - idapangidwa koyamba ndikupangidwa ndi Ajeremani. Zinali zotchuka kwambiri panthawi ya nkhondo.

Sorbitol - chinthu ichi chimawerengedwa ngati gawo lalikulu la shuga m'malo mwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Kuphatikizikako kuli ndi ma polyhydric alcohols. Osamayambitsa caries; ngati ingalowe m'mimba, kulowa kwa magazi kumachitika pang'onopang'ono. Pali zovuta zina: mukamadya yambiri, kutsekula m'mimba ndi m'mimba kumatha kuchitika. Amatha kuwola msanga pamtunda wokwezeka. Masiku ano, odwala matenda ashuga salinso kudya sorbitol.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito shuga, thupi limalandira kuchuluka kwa insulini, mothandizidwa ndi thupi lonse. Uchi umagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda ena, popeza ali ndi mavitamini, fructose, glucose, ndi sucrose.

Tsoka ilo, fructose silingakhudze kukwera kwa insulin, ngakhale kuti ndi shuga wambiri wa calorie, mosiyana ndi shuga. Minus fructose: wokhoza kusintha kukhala mafuta, ngakhale popanda insulini.

55 magalamu a fructose ali 225 kcal. Mulingo wapamwamba. Fructose ndi monosaccharide (C6H12O6). Zamoyo zoterezi zimakhala ndi shuga. Glucose, pamlingo wina wake, ndi analogue of fructose. Fructose ndi gawo la sucrose, koma ochepa.

chinthu chomwe chimatha kudyedwa ndi anthu, mosasamala kanthu zaumoyo wawo,
sizimayambitsa mavuto a mano,
imapereka mphamvu yayikulu, ikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito anthu omwe ali ndi nkhawa yakuthupi komanso yamaganizidwe,
limasuntha thupi

Asayansi atsimikizira kuti anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito fructose samva kutopa kwambiri.

Zothandiza komanso zovulaza katundu wa sucrose

Kodi shuga sucrose kapena wogwirizira?

Funso ili ndilofala kwambiri. Monga aliyense amadziwa kale, sucrose ndi chakudya choyatsidwa kwambiri. Muli: 99% chakudya chamthupi ndi 1% zothandizira.

Ena mwina adawonapo shuga. Awa ndi shuga omwe sanayeretsedwe pambuyo pakupezeka kuchokera ku zinthu zopanda pake (zotchedwa unsfined). Zabwino zake zopatsa mphamvu ndizotsika kuposa zoyera zoyera. Ili ndi phindu lalikulu kwachilengedwe. Pali malingaliro abodza oti osakhazikika, kutanthauza kuti, shuga wa brown ndiwothandiza kwambiri, komanso osakwanira-kalori wokwanira, kuti amatha kumadyedwa ndi masamba tsiku lililonse, iwo omwe amafika pamfundoyi amawononga kwambiri thanzi.

Sungunulani ndi nzimbe kapena shuga wa beet. Choyamba pezani madziwo, omwe amawaphika mpaka kuphatikiza manyuchi okoma. Pambuyo pa izi, kuyeretsa kowonjezereka kumachitika, kenako makristalo akulu amawonongeka mpaka ang'onoang'ono, omwe munthu amatha kuwona pamafufuzidwe ogulitsa.

Ndi shuga, njira ina imachitika m'matumbo. Chifukwa cha hydrolysis ya alpha - glucosidase, fructose imapezeka limodzi ndi shuga.

Tsoka ilo, kumwa kwambiri sucrose kumawononga chithunzi, mano, ndi thanzi la thupi. Ngati tilingalira kuchuluka kwake, ndiye kuti chakumwa chilichonse nthawi zonse chimakhala ndi 11% sucrose, womwe ndi wofanana ndi supuni zisanu za shuga pa magalamu 200 a tiyi. Mwachilengedwe, ndizosatheka kumwa tiyi wokoma ngati uyu. Koma aliyense akhoza kumwa zakumwa zoopsa. Peresenti yayikulu kwambiri ya sucrose imakhala ndi yogati, mayonesi, mavalidwe a saladi.

Shuga ali ndi zopatsa mphamvu zambiri zopatsa mphamvu - 100 g / 400 kcal.

Ndipo ndimalori angati omwe amamwa mukamwa chikho chimodzi cha tiyi? Supuni imodzi imakhala ndi 20 - 25 kcal. Supuni 10 za shuga zimaloŵetsa chakudya cham'mawa chambiri. Kuchokera pamfundo zonsezi, munthu amatha kumvetsetsa kuti zabwino za sucrose ndizochepa kwambiri kuposa zovulaza.

Kuzindikira kusiyana pakati pa sucrose ndi fructose ndikosavuta. Kugwiritsa ntchito sucrose kumatenga matenda osiyanasiyana, pafupifupi vuto limodzi. Fructose ndi mankhwala otsika kalori omwe samavulaza thanzi, koma amagwiritsidwa ntchito paz matenda osiyanasiyana.

Anthu omwe akudwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukumbukira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ambiri a sucrose kumabweretsa kudzikundikira kwake m'thupi komanso kupezeka kwa zovuta za matenda ashuga.

Kufanizira kwa fructose ndi sucrose kwaperekedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.

Glucose, fructose, sucrose: kusiyana pankhani yamapangidwe. Tanthauzo

Kuchokera pamawonedwe a chemistry, mitundu yonse ya shuga imatha kugawidwa kukhala ma monosaccharides ndi ma disaccharides.

Monosaccharides ndi mitundu yosavuta kwambiri yamasamba omwe safuna chimbudzi ndipo amatengeka monga momwe aliri komanso mwachangu kwambiri. Njira yogwirira imayamba kale mkamwa, ndipo imathera mu rectum. Izi zimaphatikizapo shuga ndi fructose.

Ma disaccharides amapanga ma monosaccharides awiri ndipo makulidwe azigawidwa m'magawo awo (monosaccharides) pakukumba. Woimira wotchuka kwambiri wa ma disaccharides ndi sucrose.

Kodi sucrose ndi chiyani?

Sucrose ndi dzina lasayansi la shuga.

Sucrose ndi disaccharide. Molekyu yake imakhala kuchokera mu molekyu imodzi ya glucose ndi fructose imodzi . Ine.e. monga gawo la shuga lathu patebulo - 50% glucose ndi 50% fructose 1.

Sucrose mawonekedwe ake achilengedwe amapezeka muzinthu zambiri zachilengedwe (zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, mbewu monga chimanga).

Zambiri zomwe zimafotokozedwa ndi mawu akuti "zotsekemera" mu mawu athu ndi chifukwa chakuti zimakhala ndi sucrose (maswiti, ayisikilimu, zakumwa za sodium, zinthu zopangidwa ndi ufa).

Shuga wa tebulo amapezeka kuchokera ku ma beets a shuga ndi nzimbe.

Zokonda za Sucrose Wotsekemera kuposa fructose koma wokoma kuposa glucose 2 .

Kodi shuga ndi chiyani?

Glucose ndiye gwero lenileni lamphamvu lamthupi lathu. Amaperekedwa ndi magazi ku maselo onse amthupi chifukwa cha zakudya zawo.

Dongosolo longa magazi monga "shuga wamagazi" kapena "shuga wamagazi" limafotokoza kuchuluka kwa shuga mkati mwake.

Mitundu ina yonse ya shuga (fructose ndi sucrose) imakhala ndi shuga m'magulu awo, kapena imasinthidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mphamvu.

Glucose ndi monosaccharide, i.e. Sichifuna chimbudzi ndipo chimakamizidwa mwachangu kwambiri.

Pazakudya zachilengedwe, nthawi zambiri zimakhala gawo la zovuta zamankhwala - ma polysaccharides (wowuma) ndi ma disaccharides (sucrose kapena lactose (amapereka kukoma kwa mkaka).

Mitundu yonse itatu ya shuga - shuga, fructose, sucrose - shuga ndiwotsekemera kwambiri pang'ono 2 .

Kodi fructose ndi chiyani?

Fructose kapena "shuga wa zipatso" ndilonso monosaccharide, monga glucose, i.e. odzipereka mwachangu.

Kukoma kokoma kwa zipatso zambiri ndi uchi kuli chifukwa cha zomwe amakhala ndi fructose.

Mwanjira yokoma, fructose imapezeka kuchokera ku shuga, nzimbe ndi chimanga chomwechi.

Poyerekeza ndi sucrose ndi glucose, fructose ali ndi kukoma kokoma kwambiri 2 .

Fructose yatchuka kwambiri pakati pa odwala matenda ashuga lero, chifukwa cha mitundu yonse ya shuga imakhala ndi mphamvu yochepa pa shuga 2. Komanso, ikagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi shuga, fructose imakulitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga omwe amasungidwa ndi chiwindi, komwe kumapangitsa kutsika kwake m'magazi 6.

Suprose, glucose, fructose ndi mitundu itatu ya shuga omwe amasiyana mu nthawi ya assimilation (osachepera glucose ndi fructose), kuchuluka kwa kutsekemera (pazofunikira kwa fructose) komanso momwe shuga imayambira m'magazi (osachepera fructose)

Momwe shuga amaleredwera

Mkulu akalowa m'magazi, amathandizira kutulutsa insulini, timadzi tam'madzi tomwe timayendetsa ndi kuibweretsa m'maselo.

Pamenepo, imathira poizoni pomwepo "mu ng'anjo" kuti isanduke mphamvu, kapena kusungidwa ngati glycogen mu minofu ndi chiwindi kuti mugwiritse ntchito 3.

Ngati mulingo wa glucose m'magazi ndi wotsika ndipo zakudya siziperekedwa ndi chakudya, ndiye kuti thupi limatha kulipanga kuchokera ku mafuta ndi mapuloteni, osati kuchokera kwa omwe amapezeka mu chakudya, komanso kuchokera kwa iwo omwe akusungidwa m'thupi 4.

Izi zikufotokozera catabolism ya minofu kapena kuwonongeka kwa minofu amadziwika pomanga thupi komanso makina oyaka mafuta Mukamachepetsa zakudya zopatsa mphamvu.

CHINA KUSINTHA

Zotsatira za kafukufuku wamkulu kwambiri wamgwirizano pakati pa zakudya ndi thanzi

Zotsatira za kafukufuku wambiri wokhudzana ndi ubale pakati pa zakudya ndi thanzi, kumwa nyama mapuloteni ndi .. khansa

"Buku lambala 1 pazakudya, zomwe ndimalangiza aliyense kuti aziwerenga, makamaka masewera othamanga. Zaka makumi angapo kafukufuku wina wasayansi wotchuka padziko lonse lapansi adanenanso zambiri zokhudzana ndi mgwirizano pakati pa momwe amamwa nyama mapuloteni ndi .. khansa "

Andrey Kristov,
oyambitsa

Kuopsa kwa mphamvu ya minofu catabolism kumakhala kochulukirapo panthawi ya chakudya chochepa chama carb: mphamvu imachokera ku chakudya chamafuta ndi mafuta, ndipo mapuloteni am'mimba amatha kuwonongeka kuti atsimikizire kugwira ntchito kwa ziwalo zofunika (bongo, mwachitsanzo) 4.

Glucose ndiye gwero lofunikira lamphamvu kwa maselo onse mthupi. Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito, mulingo wa insulin ya m'magazi umakwera, womwe umasuntha glucose m'maselo, kuphatikiza maselo a minofu, kuti amasanduke mphamvu. Ngati pali shuga wambiri, gawo lina limasungidwa monga glycogen, ndipo gawo lingasinthidwe kukhala mafuta

Kodi fructose amamwa bwanji?

Monga shuga, fructose imalowa mwachangu kwambiri.

Mosiyana ndi glucose, atatha kuyamwa kwa fructose shuga wamagazi amatuluka pang'onopang'ono ndipo sizitengera kulumpha lakuthwa mu insulin level 5.

Kwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe asokoneza insulin sensitivity, uwu ndi mwayi.

Koma fructose ali ndi gawo limodzi lofunikira polekanitsa.

Kuti thupi lizitha kugwiritsa ntchito fructose mphamvu, liyenera kusinthidwa kukhala glucose. Kutembenuka uku kumachitika m'chiwindi.

Amakhulupirira kuti chiwindi sichitha kukonza ma fructose ambiri, ndipo, ngati pali zochuluka kwambiri mu zakudya, zochulukazo zimasinthidwa kukhala triglycerides 6, omwe adziwa zotsatira zoyipa zaumoyo, kuwonjezera chiwopsezo cha kunenepa kwambiri, mapangidwe a chiwindi chamafuta, etc. 9.

Malingaliro awa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mkangano pamkangano "chovuta kwambiri ndi chiyani: shuga (sucrose) kapena fructose?".

Komabe, kafukufuku wina wasayansi akuti katundu wowonjezera kuchuluka kwa triglycerides m'magazi amakhala wofanana mu fructose, ndi sucrose, ndi glucose, pokhapokha atagwiritsidwa ntchito mopitilira muyeso (ochulukirapo zama calorie ofunikira tsiku ndi tsiku), ndipo osati pomwe ndi chithandizo chawo, gawo la zopatsa mphamvu limasinthidwa, mkati mwa zovomerezeka za 1.

Fructose, mosiyana ndi glucose, samakulitsa kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi ndipo imachita pang'onopang'ono. Izi ndi mwayi kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Kuwonjezeka kwa magazi ndi chiwindi triglycerides, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatsutsidwa kuti zikuvulaze kwambiri fructose poyerekeza ndi glucose, sikuti umboni wotsimikizika.

Momwe sucrose imamwidwira

Sucrose amasiyana ndi fructose ndi glucose chifukwa ndi disaccharide, i.e. chifukwa cha kukopeka ziyenera kudulidwa mu glucose ndi fructose . Njira imeneyi imayamba m'kamwa, kumapitirira m'mimba ndipo imatha m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono.

Komabe, kuphatikiza kwa shuga awa awiri kumabweretsa chidwi china: pamaso pa glucose, fructose yambiri imatengedwa ndipo insulin yambiri imakwera kwambiri , zomwe zikutanthauza kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kuthekera kwamafuta 6.

Fructose yokha mwa anthu ambiri imagwira bwino ntchito, ndipo pamtundu wina, thupi limakana. Komabe, glucose akamadyedwa ndi fructose, kuchuluka kwake kumayamwa.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti mukamadya fructose ndi glucose (komwe ndi shuga), zotsatira zoyipa zaumoyo zitha kukhala zamphamvu kuposa pomwe amadyedwa payokha.

Ku West, masiku ano madokotala ndi asayansi akuda nkhawa kwambiri ndi momwe anthu ambiri amagwiritsira ntchito "chimanga cha chimanga" mu chakudya, chomwe ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya shuga. Zambiri zasayansi zikuwonetsa kuvulaza kwake kwambiri thanzi.

Suprose (kapena shuga) amasiyana ndi glucose ndi fructose chifukwa ndi chophatikiza chake. Kuvulaza thanzi la kuphatikiza koteroko (makamaka pokhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri) kumatha kukhala koopsa kuposa zigawo zake zokha

Nanga chabwino (chosavulaza): sucrose (shuga) ndi chiyani? fructose? kapena glucose?

Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino, mwina palibe chifukwa chilichonse choopera mashuga omwe amapezeka kale pazinthu zachilengedwe: chilengedwe chimakhala chanzeru komanso zopanga zakudya m'njira yoti, kudya zokha, ndizovuta kwambiri kudzipweteka.

Zosakaniza mkati mwake ndizabwino, zimakhala zokhala ndi CHIKWANGWANI NDI Madzi ndipo ndizosavuta kudya.

Zovuta zamasamba (onse shuga patebulo ndi fructose) zomwe aliyense akukamba lero ndi chifukwa chakugwiritsa ntchito kwawo mochuluka kwambiri .

Malinga ndi ziwerengero zina, Western Western amadya pafupifupi 80 g shuga patsiku (kupatula zomwe zimapezeka kale pazinthu zachilengedwe). Izi ndi pafupifupi 16% yazakudya zonse zopatsa mphamvu zopatsa thanzi - kwambiri kuposa zomwe zakulimbikitsidwa.

Kuti zimveke bwino, timamasulira chilankhulo cha zinthu: 330 ml ya Coca-Cola muli pafupifupi 30 g shuga 11. Izi, mokhazikika, ndizomwe zimaloledwa ...

Ndikofunikanso kukumbukira kuti shuga amawonjezedwa osati pazakoma zotsekemera (ayisikilimu, maswiti, chokoleti). Itha kupezekanso mu "zokonda zokonda": msuzi, ketchups, mayonesi, mkate ndi soseji.

Kwa iwo, kudya fructose kumakhala koopsa kuposa shuga. kapena shuga wowona, popeza ali ndi index yotsika ya glycemic ndipo samatsogolera kukuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Chifukwa chake upangiri ndi uwu:

muchepetsani, ndipo ndibwino kuchotsa kuchokera muzakudya zamtundu uliwonse zamkaka (shuga, fructose) ndi zinthu zokonzedwa zopangidwa ndi iwo zochuluka,
osagwiritsa ntchito zokometsera zilizonse, chifukwa chowonjezera cha chilichonse chimadzaza ndi thanzi.
pangani zakudya zanu kokha zakudya zonse zamagulu ndipo musawope shuga mumapangidwe awo: chilichonse chimakhala “chogwidwa” molingana ndi momwe.

Mitundu yonse ya shuga (onse shuga pathebulo ndi fructose) imakhala yovulaza thanzi mukamadyedwa kwambiri. Mawonekedwe awo achilengedwe, monga gawo lazinthu zachilengedwe, sizowopsa. Kwa odwala matenda ashuga, fructose imakhala yovulaza kuposa sucrose.

Pomaliza

Suprose, shuga ndi fructose onse amamva kukoma, koma fructose ndiye okoma kwambiri.

Mitundu yonse itatu ya shuga imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'thupi mphamvu: glucose ndiye gwero lamphamvu lamphamvu, fructose amasandulika kukhala glucose mu chiwindi, ndipo sucrose idagawika zonse ziwiri.

Mitundu yonse itatu ya shuga - shuga, frutose, ndi sucrose - imapezeka mwachilengedwe muzakudya zambiri zachilengedwe. Palibe mlandu uliwonse wogwiritsa ntchito.

Zowononga thanzi ndizochulukirapo. Ngakhale kuti kuyesayesa kumachitika kuti apeze "shuga wowopsa", kafukufuku wasayansi satsimikizira mosakhalitsa kuti alipo: asayansi amawona zotsatirapo zoipa zaumoyo akamagwiritsa ntchito mulingo waukulu kwambiri.

Ndikofunika kupeweratu kugwiritsa ntchito zotsekemera zilizonse, ndikusangalala ndi kukoma kwa zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zimapezeka (zipatso, masamba).

Mphamvu za sucrose ziyenera kuganiziridwa pofotokoza za fizikisi ndi umagwirira. Katunduyu ndi disaccharide wamba, koposa zonse imapezeka mum nzimbe ndi beets.

Ikalowa m'matumbo, kapangidwe kake ka sucrose kamawonongeka ndikosavuta ma carbohydrate - fructose ndi glucose. Ndiye gwero lalikulu lamphamvu, popanda zomwe zimachitika kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito ndizosatheka.

Ndi katundu wanji yemwe ali ndi katundu, komanso zomwe zimakhudza thupi, zimawululidwa pazinthu izi.

Kapangidwe ndi zinthu za thunthu

Sucrose (mayina ena - nzimbe kapena sucrose) ndi wochotsa m'gulu la oligosaccharides okhala ndi zotsalira za 2-10 monosaccharide. Muli zinthu ziwiri - glucose wa alpha ndi beta fructose. Mitundu yake yamafuta ndi C 12 H 22 O 11.

Thupi lomwe limakhala loyera limayimiriridwa ndi makristalo owoneka bwino a monoclinic. Unyinji wosungunuka ukakhazikika, caramel imapangidwa, i.e. mawonekedwe amourphous wopanda mtundu. Mafuta a nzimbe amasungunuka kwambiri m'madzi (H 2 O) ndi Mowa (C 2 H 5 OH), osungunuka pang'ono mu methanol (CH 3 OH) ndipo pafupifupi osalowa mu diethyl ether ((C 2 H 5) 2 O). Zinthu zimatha kusungunuka pa kutentha kwa 186 ℃.

Suprose sikuti ndi aldehyde, koma imawerengedwa kuti ndi yoyatsira yofunika kwambiri. Ngati sucrose yatenthedwa ndi yankho la ammonia Ag 2 O, ndiye kuti "galasi lasiliva" silidzachitika. Kutentha zinthuzo ndi Cu (OH) 2 sikungapangitse kuti mupange oxide wamkuwa. Ngati mumaphika yankho la sucrose limodzi ndi hydrogen chloride (HCl) kapena sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4), kenako ndikusintha ndi alkali ndikuwupatsa kutentha pamodzi ndi Cu (OH) 2, ndiye kuti mpweya wofiyira umapezeka kumapeto.

Mothandizidwa ndi madzi, shuga ndi fructose amapangidwa. Pakati pa ma iscrose isomers omwe ali ndi mtundu womwewo wamapangidwe, lactose ndi maltose ndizodzipatula.

Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimapezeka?

Mwachilengedwe, disaccharide iyi ndiyofala. Suprose imapezeka mu zipatso, zipatso, ndi zipatso.

Mochulukirapo, amapezeka mumankhwala a nzimbe ndi shuga. Nzimbe ndizofala kumadera otentha ndi ku South America. Mapulogalamu ake ndi 18-21% shuga.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti zimachokera ku nzimbe kuti 65% yazopanga shuga padziko lonse lapansi zimapezeka. Mayiko otsogola kupangira malonda ndi India, Brazil, China, Thailand, Mexico.

Beetroot ili ndi pafupifupi 20% sucrose ndipo ndiomera wazaka ziwiri. Zomera mu Ufumu wa Russia zinayamba kukula, kuyambira m'zaka za zana la XIX. Pakadali pano, Russia ikumakula ma beets okwanira kudzidyetsa ndikutumiza shuga wa shuga kunja.

Munthu samazindikira kuti m'zakudya zake wamba amakhala padera. Imapezeka mu zakudya zotere:

masiku
mikanda
prunes
makeke ophikira
marmalade
zoumba
irge
apulo marshmallow,
medlar
uchi uchi
mapulo madzi
nsapato zotsekemera
nkhuyu zouma
kuyamwa
vwende
Persimmon

Kuphatikiza apo, gawo lalikulu la sucrose limapezeka mu kaloti.

Kuthandiza kwa sucrose kwa anthu

Shuga ikangolowa m'magawo am'mimba, imagawika m'mafuta osavuta. Kenako zimatengedwa kudzera m'magazi kupita kuzinthu zonse zamthupi.

Chofunika kwambiri pakuwonongeka kwa sucrose ndi glucose, chifukwa ndiye gwero lalikulu la mphamvu yazinthu zonse zamoyo. Chifukwa cha izi, 80% ya mtengo wamagetsi imalipidwa.

Chifukwa chake, kufunikira kwa sucrose kwa thupi la munthu ndi motere:

Kuwonetsera kugwira ntchito kwathunthu kwa mphamvu.
Kupititsa patsogolo ntchito za ubongo.
Kubwezeretsa ntchito yoteteza ku chiwindi.
Kuthandizira ntchito ya minyewa ndi minyewa yolimba.

Kuperewera kwa Sucrose kumayambitsa kukwiya, mkhalidwe wopanda chidwi, kutopa, kusowa mphamvu komanso kukhumudwa. Kuchuluka kwa zinthu kumapangitsa kuti mafuta abweretsedwe (kunenepa kwambiri), matenda osakhalitsa, kuwonongeka kwa minofu, mano, mkamwa, kuyabwa, komanso kumakulitsa mwayi wa hyperglycemia komanso kukula kwa matenda ashuga.

Kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa kumawonjezeka ngati munthu amakhala akusunthasuntha, atanganidwa ndi ntchito zaluntha, kapenanso kuledzera kwambiri.

Ubwino wa ma sucrose constituent - fructose ndi glucose - ayenera kuganiziridwa padera.

Fructose ndiye chinthu chomwe chimapezeka zipatso zambiri zatsopano. Imakhala ndi kadzutsa wokoma ndipo sikakhudza glycemia. Mndandanda wa glycemic ndi magawo 20 okha.

Fructose yowonjezera imayambitsa matenda a cirrhosis, kunenepa kwambiri, matenda amtima, gout, kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi, komanso kukalamba msanga. Popita kafukufuku wa asayansi, zidatsimikizika kuti chinthuchi chimathamanga kwambiri kuposa glucose chimayambitsa zizindikiro za ukalamba.

Glucose ndiye mtundu wa michere yambiri padziko lapansi. Zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa glycemia ndipo kumadzaza thupi ndi mphamvu yofunikira.

Chifukwa chakuti glucose amapangidwa kuchokera ku chakudya cham'mimba, kudya mopitirira muyeso kwa zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi zosavuta (ma mpunga ndi ufa wa premium) kumabweretsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Njira yotereyi imaphatikizanso kuchepa kwa chitetezo chathupi, kulephera kwa impso, kunenepa kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa nsonga za lipid, kuchiritsa kwamabala pang'ono, kusweka kwamitsempha, stroko komanso mtima.

Phindu ndi zovulaza za zotsekemera zotengera

Anthu ena sangathe kudya shuga yemwe amakhala bwino kwa ena. Kufotokozera kofala kwa izi ndi matenda amtundu wa shuga.

Ndiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zachilengedwe komanso. Kusiyana pakati pa kupanga ndi zotsekemera zachilengedwe ndi zopatsa mphamvu zosiyanasiyana komanso zowononga thupi.

Zinthu zopanga (aspart ndi sucropase) zili ndi zovuta zina: kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala kamayambitsa ma migraines ndipo kumawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi zotupa zopweteka. Kuphatikiza kokhako kwa zotsekemera zotsekemera kumangokhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zochepa.

Pakati pa zotsekemera zachilengedwe, sorbitol, xylitol ndi fructose ndizodziwika kwambiri. Amakhala ndi kalori yayitali, motero, chifukwa chomwa mowa kwambiri zimayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri.

Chothandiza kwambiri ndi stevia. Zothandiza zake zimaphatikizidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chitetezo chamthupi, kuphatikiza kwamphamvu kwa magazi, kubwezeretsanso khungu ndikuchotsa candidiasis.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala otsekemera kwambiri kungapangitse zotsatirazi zotsatirazi:

nseru, kudzimbidwa, chifuwa, kugona pang'ono, kupsinjika, arrhythmia, chizungulire (aspartame kudya),
thupi lawo siligwirizana, kuphatikizapo dermatitis (ntchito suklamat),
Kukula kwa chosaopsa ndi neoplasms yoyipa (kutenga saccharin),
khansa ya chikhodzodzo (kumwa ndi sorbitol),
kuphwanya mulingo wa acid-base (kugwiritsa ntchito fructose).

Chifukwa cha chiwopsezo chokhala ndi ma pathologies osiyanasiyana, zotsekemera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazochepa. Ngati sucrose sangathe kudya, pang'onopang'ono mutha kuwonjezera uchi ku zakudya - zotetezeka komanso zopatsa thanzi. Kugwiritsa ntchito uchi mopitirira muyeso sikubweretsa kudumphira mu glycemia ndikukulitsa chitetezo chokwanira. Komanso madzi a mapulo, omwe amangokhala ndi 5% sucrose, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zotsekemera.

Mafuta ndi sucrose ndi zinthu zachilengedwe. Popeza tili mgulu lomweli la chakudya, amakhala ofanana. Pakadali pano, lingalirani kusiyana pakati pa shuga ndi sucrose.

Tanthauzo

Glucose - monosaccharide, chinthu chosokonekera cha mankhwala ena achilengedwe.

Kubweza - chinthu mumapangidwe ake ogwirizana ndi zovuta zamankhwala.

Kapangidwe ka sucrose

Zakudya zamagulu onse zimapangidwa ndi zinthu zotchedwa saccharides. Malo oterewa nthawi zina amakhala amodzi okha. Chitsanzo cha chinthu chomwe chili ndi chipangizo choterechi ndi glucose. Pakhoza kukhala zinthu zambiri, komanso ziwiri. Njira yotsiriza ikufanana ndi sucrose.

Chifukwa chake, kuchokera kumbali yamatenda, kusiyana pakati pa shuga ndi sucrose kumadalira kukula kwake. Ndizofunikira pano kuti chinthu choyamba ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri chachiwiri. Mwanjira ina, shuga ndi gawo lina, fructose, palimodzi amapanga sucrose. Ndipo atalowa m'thupi, chakudya chophatikizira chambiri chimasweka m'magawo awiriwo.

Ndi fanizo linanso la shuga ndi sucrose, zimatha kupezeka kuti gulu la makristalo ndi kusungunuka kosavuta m'madzi kumakhala kofala kwa iwo. Koma kutsekemera kwa chinthu kumasiyana. Mu sucrose, khalidweli limatchulidwa kwambiri chifukwa cha kupindika kwake.

Kuti mupeze chakudya chimodzi, muyenera kutengera zachilengedwe. Zinthu zomwe zimafunsidwa zimapangidwa muzomera. Choyamba, shuga amapangika pansi pa thambo. Kenako imaphatikizana ndi fructose. The chifukwa sucrose patsogolo kupita ku mbali za mbewu anafuna kudziunjikira nkhokwe zinthu.

Komabe, tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane kusiyana pakati pa shuga ndi sucrose pachibale chopangidwa ndi anthu. Ndizowona kuti woyamba wa iwo kudzipatula mwa mawonekedwe ake oyera ndizovuta kwambiri. Zipangizo zopangira shuga ndi, monga lamulo, selulose kapena wowuma.

Nawonso, shuga (dzina lachiwiri kwa chakudya chachiwiri) nlosavuta kupeza. Komanso, pankhaniyi, zinthu zochepa zachilengedwe zimadyedwa, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati beets kapena mabango.

Pakalipano, yankho likhoza kupezeka ngati mutatembenukira ku maphunziro a sukulu ndikulingalira momwe zinthu zonse ziwiri zimapangidwira.

Monga mabuku ophunzitsira amanenera, shuga, kapena imatchulidwanso mwasayansi, ndi gulu lovuta kupanga. Molekyu yake imakhala ndi mamolekyu a glucose ndi fructose, omwe ali ndi magawo ofanana.

Chifukwa chake, zimakhala kuti pakudya shuga, munthu amadya glucose ndi fructose wofanana. Suprose, monga zigawo zake zonse, imawerengedwa ngati chakudya, chomwenso chili ndi mphamvu zambiri.

Monga momwe mumadziwira, ngati muchepetsa kudya kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa zakudya zamafuta, mutha kuchepetsa thupi ndikuchepetsa kudya kwa caloric. Kupatula apo, akatswiri azakudya amayankhula izi. omwe amalimbikitsa kudya zakudya zochepa zopatsa mphamvu ndikuchepetsa maswiti.

Kusiyana pakati pa sucrose, shuga ndi fructose

Fructose amasiyana kwambiri ndi shuga mukulawa, amakhala ndi kukoma komanso kosangalatsa kwambiri. Glucose, imatha kuyamwa mwachangu, pomwe imakhala ngati gwero lamphamvu kwambiri. Chifukwa cha izi, munthu amatha kupezanso mphamvu atangochita zolimbitsa thupi kapena zamaganizidwe.

Izi zimasiyanitsa shuga ndi shuga. Komanso, shuga amatha kuwonjezera shuga m'magazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga mwa anthu. Pakadali pano, shuga m'thupi amawonongeka pokhapokha ngati akuwonongeka mu insulin.

Nawonso, fructose sili lokoma kwambiri, komanso yotetezeka ku thanzi la munthu. Izi zimatengedwa m'maselo a chiwindi, pomwe fructose imasinthidwa kukhala mafuta acids, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mtsogolo pama deposits amafuta.

Pankhaniyi, kuyamwa kwa insulin sikofunikira, chifukwa cha ichi fructose ndi mankhwala otetezeka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga.

Sizikhudzana ndi glucose wamagazi, motero sizivulaza odwala matenda ashuga.

Fructose tikulimbikitsidwa monga kuwonjezera pa chakudya chosasintha m'malo mwa shuga a shuga. Nthawi zambiri zotsekemera zimawonjezeredwa tiyi, zakumwa ndi mbale zazikulu pakuphika. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti fructose ndi mankhwala opatsa mphamvu kwambiri, chifukwa chake imatha kuvulaza iwo omwe amakonda maswiti kwambiri.
Pakalipano, fructose ndi yothandiza kwambiri kwa anthu omwe akufuna kuchepa thupi. Nthawi zambiri amasinthidwa ndi shuga kapena pang'ono amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa sucrose komwe kumayambitsidwa chifukwa cha kuyambitsa kwa sweetener mu zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku. Kuti mupewe kufalikira kwa maselo amafuta, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa zakudya zamasiku onse, chifukwa zinthu zonse ziwiri zimakhala ndi mphamvu yomweyo.
Komanso, kuti apange kukoma kokoma kwa fructose kumafuna zochepa kuposa sucrose. Ngati nthawi zambiri supuni ziwiri kapena zitatu za shuga zimayikidwa mu tiyi, ndiye kuti fructose imawonjezeredwa mu kapuni imodzi iliyonse. Pafupifupi chiŵerengero cha fructose kuyamwa ndi chimodzi mwa zitatu.

Fructose amadziwika kuti ndi njira yabwino yothandizira shuga wambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Komabe, ndikofunikira kutsatira malingaliro a dokotala, onani kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala otsekemera pang'ono komanso musaiwale za zakudya zoyenera.

Shuga ndi fructose: kuvulaza kapena kupindula?

Ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga samakonda zakudya za shuga, motero amayesetsa kupeza shuga m'malo mwake m'malo mongosiya zakudya zomwe zili ndi shuga.

Mitundu yayikulu ya zotsekemera ndi sucrose ndi fructose.

Kodi ndizothandiza kapena zovulaza bwanji kwa thupi?

Zothandiza shuga:

Shuga atalowa m'thupi, limagawika m'magazi a glucose ndi fructose, omwe thupi lawo limalowa mwachangu. Ndipo, glucose imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri - kulowa m'chiwindi, imayambitsa kupanga ma acids apadera omwe amachotsa poizoni m'thupi. Pazifukwa izi, shuga amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a chiwindi.
Glucose imayendetsa ntchito zaubongo ndipo imakhala ndi phindu pa magwiridwe amanjenje.
Shuga amathandizanso kwambiri. Kuthetsa zokumana nazo zokumana nazo, nkhawa ndi zovuta zina zamaganizidwe. Izi zimatheka ndi ntchito ya timadzi ta serotonin, yomwe ili ndi shuga.

Shuga wowopsa:

Ndi kumwa kwambiri maswiti, thupi lilibe nthawi yopangira shuga, yomwe imayambitsa kuchuluka kwa maselo amafuta.
Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi kungayambitse kukula kwa matenda ashuga mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda.
Pankhani yogwiritsa ntchito shuga pafupipafupi, thupi limagwiritsanso ntchito calcium, yomwe imafunika pokonzekera sucrose.

Zopindulitsa zomwe zimapangidwa ndi fructose

Kutsekemera uku sikukuchulukitsa magazi.
Fructose, mosiyana ndi shuga, siziwononga enamel.
Fructose ali ndi index yotsika ya glycemic, pomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yokoma kuposa sucrose. Chifukwa chake, sweetener nthawi zambiri imawonjezeredwa ndi odwala matenda ashuga ku chakudya.

Zovuta za fructose:

Ngati shuga asinthidwa kwathunthu ndi fructose, kusuta kumatha, chifukwa chomwe wokoma amayamba kuvulaza thupi. Chifukwa cha kudya kwambiri kwa fructose, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kutsika pang'ono.
Fructose mulibe glucose, pachifukwa ichi thupi silingakwanitse kudzaza ndi zotsekemera ngakhale mukuphatikiza mlingo wofunikira. Izi zingayambitse kukula kwa endocrine matenda.
Kudya pafupipafupi komanso kosalamulirika kwa fructose kumatha kupangitsa kuti chiwindi chithe.

Zitha kudziwikiridwa padera kuti ndikofunikira kwambiri kusankha zotsekemera za matenda a shuga a 2 kuti muchepetse vutoli.

Ngati simukudziwa kuti ndibwino, idyani uchi! Nayi malingaliro anga kwa aliyense! Meyi ndi mpendadzuwa zabwino.

Chochititsa chidwi, yemwe adabwera ndi lingaliro loti fructose ndiwotsekemera kuposa shuga omwe adawalawa?

Ndidawerenga nkhaniyi, ndipo sindinamvetsetse zomwe ndizothandiza komanso zomwe zimapweteketsa

Mafuta ndi shuga a patebulo - amasiyana bwanji?

Funso la kusiyana pakati pa shuga ndi glucose kwa munthu wodziwa limamveka lachilendo. Chowonadi ndi chakuti pali shuga wambiri m'chilengedwe, ndipo shuga sichinthu koma mawonekedwe a shuga. Chifukwa chake limapezeka kuti shuga ndi lingaliro lalikulu, ndipo shuga ndi nkhani yapadera. Pali mitundu yambiri ya shuga omwe amasiyanasiyana mu njira yopangira. Komanso, mashuga ambiri monga gulu la mankhwala amapangidwa molekyu ya glucose yosavuta. Koma tiyeni tiwone shuga wamba, omwe timagula m'sitolo ndikuyika khofi ndi tiyi.

Dzina lasayansi la shuga lotere ndi sucrose, limapezeka m'mazomera ambiri, koma beets ndi nzimbe ndizachuma kwambiri, momwe shuga onse amakhalira patebulo lathu. Mukamamwa, sucrose imagwera m'mimba yotsekemera kukhala fructose ndi shuga weniweni. Glucose, mbali inayi, ndi kale mtundu wa shuga womwe thupi lingagwiritse ntchito mwachangu kwambiri kupeza mphamvu, ndiye shuga wosavuta kwambiri.

Shuga wa tebulo

Shuga wogulitsidwa m'sitolo ndi wamitundu iwiri: nzimbe ndi kachilomboka. Amagulitsidwa mu mawonekedwe a makhiristu akuwonekera kapena ufa. Mafuta a nzimbe amatha kugulitsidwa osakonzedwa. Chifukwa cha izi, imakhala ndi mtundu wa bulauni, imawonedwa molakwika kuti ndi yofunika, koma mawonekedwe ake ndiosiyana ndi shuga wa beet. Makhalidwe othandiza ndi zomwe zili ndi mavitamini a gulu (B) mu shuga nzimbe, koma zomwe sizipezeka paliponse ndipo nthawi zambiri zimangokhala zopanda pake. Pofunafuna zothandiza, anthu amakhala okonzeka kulipira kwambiri nzimbe.

Chifukwa china chomwe chimalimbikitsa anthu kuti azigula shuga wa nzimbe ndi kukoma kosazolowereka, koma akatswiri azakudya ambiri azindikira kuti posakhalitsa, shuga nzimbe imatha kukhala ndi zinthu zoyipa kuphatikiza ndi mavitamini. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kachilombo ka beetroot sililowetsa mashelufu mwanjira yosatsimikizika ndikuti asanayeretse amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osasangalatsa komanso kukoma kwachilendo. Mutha kupezanso fructose wogulitsa, koma kwa kasitomala womaliza palibe kusiyana kowoneka pakoma.

Glucose ndi mtundu wa shuga komanso ndiwoumaliza wakuphwanya kwa zinthu zovuta kwambiri, monga shuga wa patebulo - sucrose. Ndiwopangidwa ndi photosynthesis ndipo imapezeka muzomera zonse zopanga mitundu mosiyanasiyana. Mu thupi la munthu, shuga ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zimapereka mphamvu, kuchita nawo metabolism mwachangu.

Mphamvu ya glucose yomwe imakonzedwa ndi thupi limateteza chiwindi ku zinthu zosiyanasiyana zowonongeka. Amayikidwanso m'chiwindi m'malo osungika amtundu wa glycogen, womwe umatha kusinthidwa kukhala glucose ndikugwiritsa ntchito thupi. Gluu, monga shuga wa pagome, amasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi.

Phindu ndi zovuta za shuga

Nthawi zambiri timamva mawu ochokera kwa madotolo oti shuga ndivuto loyipa kwa anthu. Zingatheke bwanji kuti pambuyo pa zonse, shuga wa patebulopo amasandulika kukhala glucose wothandiza kwambiri komanso wofunikira thupi la munthu. Zonse ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti shuga zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi mndandanda waukulu wazogulitsa. Zakudya zonse zam'mera zimakhala ndi shuga ndi wowuma, koma timakonda kuwonjezera shuga mu chakudya chathu.

Timadya makeke, omwe siachilendo ayi monga chakudya chambiri. Mafuta, nawonso, kuti azigawa bwino amakhala ndi mashupi amtundu wovuta. Kuphatikiza pa zonsezi, timawonjezera shuga kuzakudya zilizonse zomwe mchere sunawonjezeke. Nthawi zina mu malonda kuchuluka konse kwa mchere ndi shuga. M'mavoliyumu otere, shuga amakhala ovulaza. Thupi limasintha mamolekyulu a shuga kukhala mamolekyulu ndipo limasunga mosungira.

Chifukwa chiyani timakonda shuga?

Chifukwa chiyani timadya shuga ambiri? Zowonadi zake ndi kupita patsogolo, zolengedwa zathu zilibe nthawi yoti zisinthe kuchokera pa kusintha kwa sayansi ndikusintha moyo. Makolo athu ankadya shuga monga zipatso, zipatso ndi uchi. Kukoma kwa shuga kolembedwa kwa iwo kuti ndi kopindulitsa, ndi mphamvu yangwiro, kotero ndikokoma kwambiri. Shuga zinali zovuta kupeza, chifukwa chake zinali zamtengo wapatali. Koma m'nthawi yathu ino, shuga siwotapira, amapangidwa kwambiri, asavuta kwambiri kuupeza. Koma kapangidwe ka thupi la munthu sikasinthe, masamba ake amakonzedwa mwanjira yomweyo. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri mdziko lamakono.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuchipatala

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala pakhungu la mtsempha mwa mawonekedwe a dontho. Chifukwa chake, zakudya zolimbitsa thupi za munthu wosakhudzika, wotopa kapena wodwala kwambiri, zitha kuchitika. Kupanga kwa shuga kumathandizanso thupi kulolera kuledzera komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi matenda opatsirana kapena poyizoni. Kuti mudziwe matenda a shuga, kuyezetsa magazi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito komwe kuchuluka kwa shuga kumayendetsedwa ndikuwunika kwa thupi kumayesedwa.

Kusiyana kosiyanasiyana

Mwambiri, ngati mumachepetsa glucose ndikuyika zida ziwiri zokhala ndi shuga a shuga ndi shuga, mutha kuyeserera, kulola wina kuyesa kufunsa mafunso angapo. Munthu wamba, atayesa shuga, anganene kuti ndi shuga wotsekemera kwambiri. Poyerekeza ndi shuga a patebulo, shuga azikhalanso phala lomveka bwino, lotayirira, koma la shuga pang'ono, lokoma kwambiri. Glucose ndi shuga wosavuta kwambiri kotero kuti amayamba kulowetsedwa m'magazi ngakhale m'kamwa.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa shuga ndi glucose?

Funso lomwe limafunsidwa kwambiri, shuga ndi shuga, kusiyana kwawo ndi kotani? Mawu awa awiri amagwirizana. Koma ambiri sangadziwe kuti pali kusiyana pakati pawo.

Katunduyu amakhala ndi kakomedwe kabwino, kali m'gulu la chakudya. Kuchuluka kwake kumapezeka mu zipatso ndi zipatso. Chifukwa chakusweka kwa thupi la munthu, amatha kupanga mawonekedwe a glucose ndi fructose. Zikuwoneka ngati makhiristo osanunkhira komanso opanda khungu. Sungunuka bwino m'madzi. Ngakhale kukoma kununkhira bwino, sikuti ndiye chakudya chabwino kwambiri cha thupi, chotsika mtengo kuti musamayidwe nthawi zina. Glucose ndi gawo lofunikira la zakudya. Kuposa makumi asanu peresenti ya mphamvu ya munthu amathandizidwa nayo. Komanso, ntchito zake zimaphatikizapo kuteteza chiwindi ku mitundu yonse ya poizoni.

Scrose yomweyo, mwa dzina lalifupi lomwe timagwiritsa ntchito pamoyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Monga tafotokozera kale pamwambapa, chinthuchi mthupi la munthu sichipanga chinthu chimodzi, koma ziwiri - shuga ndi fructose. Suprose imasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe ake opanga ma disaccharides, chifukwa amakhala ndi zakudya zamagulu ena:

Mashu "Othandizira" ndi nzimbe, komanso omwe amachokera ku beets. Chochita choterocho chimapezeka mu mawonekedwe ake oyera, momwe mumakhala zochepa zosadetsa. Katunduyu ali ndi zinthu monga glucose - chinthu chofunikira m'zakudya, zomwe zimapatsa thupi lamunthu mphamvu. Peresenti yayikulu imapezeka kuchokera ku zipatso kuchokera ku zipatso ndi zipatso, komanso zipatso zambiri. Beets imakhala ndi sucrose yambiri, chifukwa chake imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu. Imasungunuka kwambiri m'madzi. Izi zimakoma kangapo.

Mafuta ndi shuga ndizosangalatsa kwambiri

Kodi shuga ndi shuga ndizofanana? Yoyamba ndi yosiyana popeza ndi manosaccharide, monga zimawonekera ndi kupezeka kwa kapangidwe kake kamphamvu imodzi yokha. Shuga ndi disaccharide, chifukwa pali mafuta awiri omwe amaphatikizidwa. Chimodzi mwamafuta amenewa ndi glucose.

Zinthu izi zimayenderana m'chilengedwe chawo.

Madzi, zipatso, zipatso - magwero omwe shuga ndi shuga zimapangidwa bwino.

Poyerekeza ndi njira yopangira shuga (yomwe imapangidwa pamtengo wambiri kuchokera pazowerengeka zochepa), kuti mupeze shuga mu mawonekedwe ake oyera, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito njira yotsogola kwambiri komanso yowonjezera ntchito. Kupeza shuga m'magulu azakudya ndizotheka ndi cellulose.

Pazambiri zothandiza pazinthu ziwiri

Mafuta kapena shuga, ndi ati amene angakhale abwino? Palibe yankho limodzi ku funso ili. Tithana ndi katundu.

Chakudya chilichonse, munthu amadya shuga. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kwazindikiridwa kuti ndiwowonjezera mbale zamitundu yonse. Izi zidatchuka zaka 150 zapitazo ku Europe. Zowonjezeranso pazinthu zovulaza za betri iyi.

Mafuta amthupi. Dziwani kuti shuga omwe timadya amapangidwa ngati glycogen m'chiwindi. Muzochitika pamene mulingo wa glycogen umapangidwa mwapamwamba kwambiri kuposa momwe amafunikira, shuga yemwe wadyedwa amapanga imodzi mwamavuto ambiri osautsa - mafuta amana. Mwambiri, milandu yambiri imawoneka pamimba ndi m'chiuno.
Kukalamba koyambirira. Kugwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa zinthu kumathandizira kuti pakhale makwinya. Izi zimayikidwa mu collagen ngati nkhokwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti khungu lizisalala. Palinso chinthu china chomwe kukalamba kumachitika - zovuta zapadera zimakopeka ndi shuga, zomwe zimawononga thupi, mwakutero kuwononga kuchokera mkati.
Kuledzera. Malinga ndi kuyesa pa makoswe, ndikugwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi, kudalira kwakukulu kumawonekera. Izi zimakhudzanso anthu. Gwiritsani ntchito zomwe zimabweretsa kusintha kwapadera muubongo komwe kumafanana ndi cocaine kapena nikotini. Popeza wosuta sangathe ngakhale tsiku lopanda utsi wa chikonga, kotero popanda maswiti.

Mapeto ake amadzitsimikizira kuti kudya shuga wambiri ndizowopsa m'thupi la munthu. Ndikwabwino kuchepetsa zakudya ndi shuga wambiri. Izi zidapezeka ndi ogwira ntchito ku University of California. Pambuyo pakuyesa kambiri, asayansi atsimikizira kuti mukagwiritsira ntchito pafupipafupi fructose, matenda a mtima wamtima amakula, komanso matenda ashuga.

Kuyesera kunachitika komwe anthu omwe amamwa zakumwa zowonjezera shuga amawonetsa kusintha kosafunikira m'chiwindi ndi mafuta osunga. Madokotala samalimbikitsa kuti atenge gawo ili. Ndipo onse chifukwa makhalidwe a anthu asintha kwambiri, chifukwa ndife olephera, chifukwa chomwe chimasungidwa mafuta nthawi zonse, chomwe chimakhudza mavuto azachipatala. Ambiri ayenera kuganizira izi.

Zingakhale bwanji zokoma?

Ndi funso la kusiyana pakati pa shuga ndi glucose omwe adatulutsa. Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane za iti omwe amatsekemera, shuga kapena shuga?

Shuga wochokera ku zipatso ndiwotsekemera pokoma, komanso ali ndi kumaliza. Koma kutenga shuga wa glucose nthawi zambiri kumachitika mwachangu, ndipo mphamvu zambiri zimawonjezeredwa. Pali lingaliro limodzi kuti ma disaccharides ndi okoma kwambiri. Koma ngati mukuyang'ana, ndiye kuti ikalowa mkamwa wamunthu, imapanga glucose ndi fructose ikakumana ndi malovu, pambuyo pake ndikulawa kwa fructose komwe kumamveka mkamwa. Mapeto ake ali omveka: shuga panthawi ya hydrolysis imatulutsa bwino fructose, chifukwa chake imakhala yokoma kwambiri kuposa shuga. Ndizifukwa zonse zomwe zimamveka momwe glucose amasiyanirana ndi shuga.

Zomwe zili patsamba lino zimangoperekedwa pazophunzitsira zodziwika bwino, sizitanthauza chidziwitso komanso kulondola kwa zamankhwala, sikuwongolera kuchitapo kanthu. Osadzisilira. Funsani othandizira anu azaumoyo.

Kodi shuga ndi chiyani?

Glucose ndi chinthu chotsekemera chokhudzana ndi monosaccharides ndi chakudya. Imapezeka mu zipatso ndi mabulosi ambiri - makamaka, mphesa. Itha kupangidwa m'thupi la munthu chifukwa cha kusweka kwa sucrose (ndiye kuti, shuga - pafupifupi pambuyo pake) mu glucose ndi fructose.

Amasintha makristalu opanda mtundu ndi fungo. Sungunuka bwino m'madzi. Kukhala ndi kukoma kokoma, komabe sikumakhala kotsekemera kwambiri, popanga pafupi kuwirikiza kawiri molingana ndi kukoma kwambiri.

Glucose ndi michere yofunika. Amapatsa mphamvu zoposa 50% kwa thupi la munthu. Glucose amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri yoteteza chiwindi ku poizoni.

Kodi shuga ndi chiyani?

Shuga ndi dzina lalifupi, lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku onse kuti sucrose. Tanena kale kuti chakudya ichi, chikangolowa mthupi la munthu, chimasweka kukhala glucose ndi fructose. Saccharose nthawi zambiri amatchedwa disaccharides - popeza imakhala ndi mitundu ina iwiri ya chakudya: zomwe zimakhalapo.

Pakati pa shuga "omwe amatchulidwa" - nzimbe, komanso omwe amapezeka kuchokera ku beets. Imakhala pafupifupi yodziyera yokhala ndi zodetsa zochepa.

Thupi lomwe limafunsidwa, monga glucose, ndi michere yofunika ndipo limapatsa mphamvu thupi. Suprose, monga glucose, imapezeka mu zipatso ndi mabulosi, m'm zipatso. Shuga wambiri amapezeka mu beets ndi nzimbe - ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri yopanga zinthu zofananira.

M'mawonekedwe, sucrose ndi ofanana ndi glucose - ndi galasi lopanda utoto. Komanso sungunuka m'madzi. Suprose amakoma ngati shuga.

Kusiyana pakati pa shuga ndi shuga

Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa shuga ndi shuga ndikuti chinthu choyamba ndi monosaccharide, ndiko kuti, chakudya 1 chokhacho chimapezeka mu kapangidwe kake. Shuga ndi disaccharide, imakhala ndi 2 michere, ndipo imodzi mwa izo ndi glucose.

Zomwe zachilengedwe zomwe zimafunsidwa ndizofanana.Magazi ndi shuga onse amapezeka mu zipatso, zipatso, zipatso. Koma kupeza shuga wokhazikika kwa iwo ndi, monga lamulo, njira yolimbikira komanso yapamwamba kwambiri, mosiyana ndi kupeza shuga (yomwe imachotsedwanso pamalonda pazinthu zochepa zopangira zida - makamaka kuchokera ku beets ndi nzimbe). Nawo, shuga amapanga malonda ndi hydrolysis ya wowuma kapena mapadi.

Popeza tazindikira kusiyana kwa shuga ndi shuga, tikuwonetsa zomwe zafotokozedwera patebulopo.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa shuga ndi shuga? Zimakhudza bwanji?

Anthu ambiri omwe amakhala ndi moyo wathanzi amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito shuga ngati wokoma. Amawonedwa ngati njira yothandiza shuga. M'malo mwake, glucose samalowa m'malo mwa shuga, koma kusiyanasiyana kwake. Ndipo yosavuta. Dzina lina lasayansi la shuga ndi dextrose.

Shuga wamtundu uliwonse womwe umalowa m'thupi umagawika ma enzymus omwe amalowetsedwa m'magazi. Thupi laumunthu, shuga likalowa, amaliphwanya, nalisintha kukhala glucose, chifukwa mu ma cell amenewa maselo amatenga shuga. Kuchulukitsa kwa shuga ndi thupi nthawi zambiri kumatchedwa index ya glycemic. Chizindikiro chachikulu kwambiri cha mndandanda wa glycemic ndi glucose, chifukwa chimamwa mwachangu kwambiri.

Kugwiritsa ntchito shuga wambiri, monga shuga aliyense, kumabweretsa kuti kuwononga chakudya chamafuta kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti mafuta azikhala pansi, komanso kungayambitse matenda ashuga. Pazifukwa izi, shuga ndi zotumphukira zake zimatchedwa "kufa kwoyera".

Ndiye pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa shuga ndi shuga? Molekyu ya shuga yotchedwa disaccharide imakhala ndi mamolekyulu awiri - glucose ndi fructose. Izi ndizopanga zomwe zimapangidwa ndi munthu; sucrose ndizosowa mwachilengedwe. Othandizira zakudya amayesa kuti shuga ndiye mafuta owopsa okhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu, zomwe zimapatsa chakudya chophweka mosavuta. Glucose ndi gawo lachilengedwe lofufuza. Lili ndi molekyu imodzi ndipo limakhala lokoma kwambiri kuposa shuga.

Mwachilengedwe, nthawi zambiri amapezeka zipatso.

Kodi glucose amatani? Chifukwa cholowa kwambiri m'magazi, glucose amakhala gwero la "mphamvu mwachangu", koma, mwatsoka, kuwonjezereka kwamphamvu motere kumatha kuyambitsa kutsika komweko, komwe nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa kuti musakhale ndi chikumbumtima (chifukwa cha kusowa kwa glucose mu ubongo )

Ndi index yake yapamwamba kwambiri ya glycemic, shuga ndi shuga wowopsa kwambiri pankhani ya shuga.

Mwachidule, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti onse shuga ndi glucose ndizovulaza kumtundu ndi thanzi la munthu. Tsoka ilo, anthu sanapezebe cholowa m'malo mwazinthu izi. Njira yokhayo yotsalira ndikuwonetsetsa pang'ono pakumatenga maswiti. Mwa njira, chikaphatikizidwa ndi zina zomwe zimapezeka mu zakudya, monga mapuloteni ndi mafuta, index ya shuga ya glycemic imatsika pang'ono, komabe imakhala yokwera kwambiri. Yesani kugwiritsa ntchito kangachepe komanso pang'ono.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa fructose ndi shuga ndipo ndizotheka odwala matenda ashuga?

Fructose ndi monosaccharide. Ndi chakudya chosavuta chopezeka mu zipatso, zipatso ndi uchi. Fructose ali ndi zosiyana zingapo zokhudzana ndi chakudya china.

Popeza ndi chakudya chophweka, chimasiyana ndi zovuta kuphatikizika ndipo ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pochotsa magesi ambiri ndi ma polysaccharides ambiri.

Kusiyana kwa chakudya china

Pamodzi ndi monosaccharide wina wotchedwa glucose, mawonekedwe a fructose sucrose, omwe ali ndi 50% yazinthu zonsezi.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa shuga ndi shuga? Pali njira zingapo zakusiyanitsira michere iwiri yosavuta iyi.

Thupi limakhala ndi kusiyana ndi mitundu ina ya chakudya, kuphatikizapo sucrose, lactose. Ndiwotsekemera kanayi kuposa lactose komanso nthawi 1,7 wokoma kuposa sucrose, yomwe imapangika. Thupi limakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zochepa za calorie poyerekeza ndi shuga, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala okoma kwa odwala matenda ashuga.

Sweetener ndi amodzi mwa chakudya chamagulu ambiri, koma maselo a chiwindi okha ndi omwe amatha kuchikonza. Thupi lomwe limalowa m'chiwindi limasinthidwa ndi iye kukhala mafuta acids.

Momwe anthu amamwa fructose samadzaza, monga zimachitika ndi mafuta ena. Kuchulukitsa kwa thupi kumayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri komanso matenda ophatikizana ndi mtima.

Kuphatikizika ndi zopatsa mphamvu

Zomwe zimapangidwira zimaphatikizapo mamolekyulu a zinthu izi:

Zambiri zopatsa mphamvu zamafuta awa ndizambiri, koma poyerekeza ndi sucrose, zimakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zochepa.

100 magalamu a chakudya mumapezeka pafupifupi 395 calories. Mu shuga, zopatsa mphamvu za calorie zimakhala zapamwamba pang'ono ndipo zimangopitilira 400 calories pa 100 magalamu.

Kuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono m'matumbo kumakupatsani mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu m'malo shuga m'magulu a odwala matenda ashuga. Zimathandizira pang'ono pakupanga insulin.

Zikupezeka kuti?

Thupi limapezeka pazinthu zotsatirazi:

Uchi ndi m'modzi mwa atsogoleri pazomwe zimapatsa izi. Chogulitsachi chimakhala ndi 80% yake. Mtsogoleri pazomwe zimapangidwazo ndi manyumwa a chimanga - mu 100 g ya malonda ali ndi 90 g ya fructose. Shuga woyengedwa uli ndi pafupifupi 50 g ya chinthucho.

Mtsogoleri pakati pa zipatso ndi zipatso zomwe zili mu monosaccharide mkati mwake ndi tsiku. 100 g ya zipatso ili ndi zinthu zopitilira 31 g.

Pakati pa zipatso ndi zipatso, zopezeka kwambiri, zimawoneka (pa 100 g):

Olemera kwambiri mu chakudya mphesa zamitundu yamphesa. Kupezeka kwakukulu kwa monosaccharide mu red currant kumadziwika. Kuchuluka kwake kumapezeka m'mphepete zouma ndi zouma zouma. Akaunti yoyamba ya 28 g ya chakudya chamafuta, chachiwiri - 14 g.

Mumasamba angapo okoma, izi zimapezekanso. Chiyero chochepa cha monosaccharide chilipo mu kabichi yoyera, zomwe zimakhala zotsika kwambiri zimawonedwa mu broccoli.

Pakati pa mbewu monga chimanga, mtsogoleri wazomwe zili mu shuga wa fructose ndi chimanga.

Kodi chakudya chamtunduwu chimapangidwa ndi chiyani? Zosankha zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri kuchokera ku beets chimanga ndi shuga.

Kanema pazinthu za fructose:

Kodi ndizotheka kwa odwala matenda ashuga?

Amadziwika ndi index yotsika ya glycemic. Pazifukwa izi, zimatha kutengedwa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Kuchuluka kwa fructose amadyedwa mwachindunji kumatengera mtundu wa shuga wodwala. Pali kusiyana pakati pa zovuta za monosaccharide pa thupi la munthu yemwe akudwala matenda amtundu wa 2 ndi matenda ashuga 2.

Ndizothandiza kwambiri kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1, popeza ali ndi matenda a hyperglycemia. Zakudya zamafuta izi kukonzanso sizimafunikira kuchuluka kwa insulini, mosiyana ndi shuga.

Carbohydrate sichithandiza odwala omwe achepetsa shuga m'magazi panthawi ya chithandizo. Monosaccharide sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi iwo motsutsana ndi maziko a hypoglycemia.

Kugwiritsa ntchito shuga wa fructose kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 amafunikira chisamaliro chachikulu. Nthawi zambiri matenda amtunduwu amakula mwa anthu onenepa kwambiri, ndipo shuga wa fructose amakhumudwitsa munthu wosafuna kudya komanso kupanga mafuta ndi chiwindi. Odwala akamagwiritsa ntchito shuga wokhala ndi shuga wa fructose kuposa momwe zimakhalira, kuwonongeka kwaumoyo ndikuwoneka zovuta.

anthu odwala matenda amtundu 1 amaloledwa kudya 50 g wa monosaccharide,
30 g patsiku ndi yokwanira kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2, poganizira kuwunika kakhalidwe konse,
odwala onenepa kwambiri amalangizidwa kuti achepetse kudya zakudya zamagulu owonjezera.

Kulephera kutsatira njira yatsopano ya shuga ya fructose kumabweretsa kuwoneka kovuta kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga mwanjira ya gout, atherosranceosis, ndi matenda amkati.

Malingaliro odwala

Kuchokera pa ndemanga za odwala matenda ashuga omwe amakonda kudya fructose, titha kunena kuti sizipanga kumverera kokwanira, monga zimachitika ndi maswiti wamba ndi shuga, ndipo mtengo wake wokwera umanenedwanso.

Ndinagula fructose mu mawonekedwe a shuga. Mwa ma pluses, ndikuwona kuti imakhala yovuta kupaka enamel ya mano, mosiyana ndi shuga losavuta, ndipo imakhala ndi phindu pakhungu. Mwa mphindi, ndikufuna kudziwa mtengo wambiri wachuma komanso kusakwaniritsidwa. Nditamwa, ndidafunanso kumwa tiyi wokoma.

Roza Chekhova, wazaka 53

Ndili ndi matenda ashuga 1. Ndimagwiritsa ntchito fructose monga njira ina m'malo shuga. Zimasintha pang'ono kukoma kwa tiyi, khofi ndi zakumwa zina. Osati kukoma kwenikweni. Zina mtengo komanso sizothandiza kukwera.

Anna Pletneva, wazaka 47

Ndakhala ndikugwiritsa ntchito fructose m'malo mwa shuga kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo ndimazigwiritsa ntchito - ndili ndi matenda ashuga a 2. Sindinazindikire kusiyanasiyana kwake pakumva kwake ndi kukoma kwa shuga wamba. Koma ndiotetezeka kwambiri. Zothandiza kwa ana aang'ono, chifukwa zimasungira mano awo. Choyipa chachikulu ndi mtengo wokwera kwambiri poyerekeza ndi shuga.

Elena Savrasova, wazaka 50

Kukopera kwazovomerezeka ndizovomerezeka ndikungowonetsera komwe kukuchokera.

Chitani nafe ndipo tsatirani nkhaniyo pamasamba ochezera.

Funso lomwe limafunsidwa kwambiri, shuga ndi shuga, kusiyana kwawo ndi kotani? Mawu awa awiri amagwirizana. Koma ambiri sangadziwe kuti pali kusiyana pakati pawo.