Zakudya za kusokonekera kwa shuga

Kuphwanya kulekerera kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima, komanso kumathandizira kuoneka ngati matenda a shuga 2. Matenda a shuga a gulu lachiwiri amatha kuzunza munthu kwa zaka zambiri. Pankhani yakuphwanya, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumapitilira muyeso wamba, koma sikokwanira kuzindikira matenda a shuga. Chifukwa cha kusatsimikizika kotero, chiopsezo cha kufa mwadzidzidzi kwa munthu chimawonjezeka kwambiri. Mkhalidwe wosakhazikika ungapezeke pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso apadera. Kuyesedwa kwa shuga koyambirira kumatengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu m'mawa, ndiye muyenera kumwa njira yokhala ndi shuga, ndikuperekanso magazi pambuyo maola awiri.

Chizindikiro chokhala ndi glucose yovomerezeka ya -100 mg / dl sayenera kupitilira 140 mg / dl patatha maola awiri mutamwa chakumwa cha shuga. Kuphwanya kulekerera kumadziwika pomwe chiwerengerocho chikhoza kuchuluka mpaka 199 mg / dl. Ziwerengero zopitilira 199 mg / dl (pamwambapa 200 mg / dl) zimawonetsa kuti munthu ali ndi matenda ashuga. Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi 126 mg / dl musanayambe kumwa, shuga amapezeka nthawi yomweyo. Kuchiza panthawi yake kumathandiza kuti matendawa athetse komanso kuchepetsa kuthinikizidwa kwa mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi. Mitundu yotsika kwambiri ya shuga imawonedwa m'mawa, mutatha kudya, mulingo umakwera. Anthu omwe ali ndi IGT nthawi zambiri amadandaula za kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi cholesterol yambiri, yomwe nthawi zambiri imayambitsa sitiroko komanso matenda a mtima. Malingaliro okaniza insulin ndi IGT amasiyana. Ntchito yayikulu ya insulin, timadzi tokhala ndi peptide chilengedwe, ndikuchepetsa shuga. Koma, thupi likachepa mphamvu ya insulini kuti lipirire kufooka, chinthucho chimayamba kupanga zochuluka. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwake, kuchuluka kwa glucose sikuyendetsedwa, monga momwe amayembekezerera, ndikuyamba kukwera.

Kulekerera kwa shuga wambiri kumachepetsa mphamvu za insulin, motero ndikofunikira kuyang'anira nthawi zonse.

Ndi kuwerenga kwabwinobwino shuga, kumalimbikitsidwa kuyesedwa kamodzi pazaka zitatu. Ndi zizindikiro zochulukirapo, kuyeserera kuyenera kuchitika nthawi 1 m'miyezi 12.

Mitundu ya matenda ashuga ndi zomwe zimayambitsa

Mtundu wa 1 wa matenda ashuga, insulini ilibe kwathunthu (ma cell a beta omwe amapanga insulin mu endocrine mbali ya kapamba amawonongeka). Matenda a shuga 1 amtundu wina amatchedwa wachinyamata kapena wodwala. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa achinyamata.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, kuchuluka kwa insulin komwe kumapangidwa ndizocheperako. Dzina lina la matendawa ndi anthu achikulire kapena omwe amadalira insulin. Nthawi zambiri amakula mwa anthu patatha zaka 30. Kukonzeratu mtundu 2 kumadalira majini. Ngati achibale anu anali ndi matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti inunso mudzapezeka ndi matendawa. Chiwopsezo chowonjezereka chimaphatikizapo anthu omwe ali ndi kulemera kwakukulu, amayi apakati (shuga ya gestational, yomwe imakhalapo panthawi yoyembekezera, ndipo nthawi zambiri imachoka pambuyo pobala). Chiwopsezochi chimachulukanso ngati mkazi ali ndi mwana wamkulu m'mimba, kapena akapezeka ndi ovomerezeka ya polycystic.

Kodi chimayambitsa matendawa ndi chiyani?

Mtundu 1 - chitetezo cha mthupi chimawononga molakwika maselo ake oteteza omwe kapamba amapanga. Maselo a Beta amawonongeka chifukwa cha chibadwa cham'kati; matenda oyambitsidwa ndi ma virus amatipatsa mphamvu pakukula kwa matenda ashuga.

Mtundu 2 - maselo sadziwa kupanga insulin, yomwe imayambitsa chitukuko cha hyperglycemia ndi insulin. Maselo a Beta amakhala ochepa, chifukwa, amapanga insulin yambiri, thupi silimadya kwathunthu. Pambuyo pakukula, kutsika kwachilengedwe kumachitika, pambuyo pake chizindikiro cha glucose chimatuluka. Cholinga chake ndi kuchepa kwa insulin.

Momwe mungabwezeretsere shuga

Malamulo oyambira kupambana ndikudya mokwanira komanso kudya moyenera zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuchepetsa thupi (zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri ngati mukunenepa kwambiri). Idyani zipatso, masamba, ndi mkate wopanda tirigu. Mumakonda nyama yotsika, muchepetse mchere ndi shuga. Mwa zakumwa, mkaka wa skim ndiwothandiza. Pewani kumwa mowa kwambiri komanso kusiya kusuta.

Musaiwale za masewera olimbitsa thupi. Theka la theka la ora lililonse patsiku (yogwiritsa ntchito yoga, kuyenda kapena kuthamanga) zidzathandizira kuti matendawa azikhala bwino komanso azikhala athanzi.

Kulekerera kwa glucose kumavulala: ndi chiyani komanso zomwe zimayambitsa kuphwanya

Osachepera kamodzi m'moyo wonse, aliyense ayenera kutenga mayeso okhudzana ndi shuga. Uku ndikuwunikira komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wodziwitsa ndikuwongolera kulolerana kwa shuga. Izi ndizoyenera ICD 10 (gulu lonse la matenda obwereza 10)

Ndi chiyani, ndichifukwa chiyani chimachitidwa ndipo ndi chofunikira chiti? Kodi kudya ndi kulandira chithandizo ndikofunikira ngati shuga yayambiri?

Kuphwanya kulekerera monga lingaliro

Zaka zingapo zapitazo, kulolerana kwa glucose kunayamba kutchedwa mtundu wakale wa matenda ashuga. Ndipo posachedwapa posachedwapa lasanduka nthendayi yosiyana, ikupezeka mwanjira yamtundu wina, yopanda zizindikilo. Nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi mkodzo kumakhala mkati mwa malo ovomerezeka, ndipo kungoyeserera kwa glucose kokha kudzawonetsa kuchepa kwa shuga m'mimba komanso kuphatikizika kwa insulin.

Matendawa amatchedwa prediabetes chifukwa chomwe chithunzi chachipatala chikhoza kufotokozedwa motere. Mlingo wa shuga wa wodwala ndiwokwera kuposa wabwinobwino, koma osachuluka kwambiri kuti endocrinologist imatha kumaliza - matenda ashuga. Kupanga kwa insulin popanda zizindikiro zooneka za kusokoneza dongosolo la endocrine.

Ngati kuyesedwa kwa glucose kuli koyenera, ndiye kuti wodwalayo amaikidwa m'gulu lalikulu lachiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti nthawi ndi nthawi mumayeze mayeso a glucose. Izi zikuthandizira kupewa ndipo, nthawi zina, pewani zosokoneza mu mtima.

Zizindikiro za matendawa - kulolera shuga

Nthawi zambiri kulolerana kwa shuga kumawonekera. Ndipo pazochitika zina, kuphatikiza pa nthawi yobereka, pali zizindikiro zofanana ndi matenda a shuga:

1. Khungu lowuma
2. Kuyanika kwa mucosa
3. Kutsekemera kwa magazi
4. Mabala amachiritso aatali komanso abrasions.

Kodi kulekerera kwa glucose kumachitika bwanji?

Kuti muwone ngati pali kuphwanya kwa kulolera kwa shuga, njira ziwiri zazikulu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Capillary magazi zitsanzo.
• Kusintha magazi koopsa.

Glucose wamkati umafunika wodwalayo akamadwala matenda am'mimba kapena matenda a metabolic. Pankhaniyi, shuga sangathe kuyamwa ngati itamwa mkamwa.

Kuyesedwa kwa glucose kumayikidwa mu zotere:

1. Ngati pali cholowa chobadwa nacho (abale apafupi amadwala matenda amtundu woyamba kapena matenda a 2)
2. Ngati pali zizindikiro za matenda ashuga panthawi yapakati.

Mwa njira, funso loti shuga limalandiridwa liyenera kukhala lothandiza kwa aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga.

Maola 10-12 musanayesedwe amafunika kukana kudya zakudya zilizonse ndi zakumwa. Ngati mukumwa mankhwala aliwonse, muyenera kufunsa kaye ndi endocrinologist ngati kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo kungakhudze zotsatira za kusanthula pa ICD 10.

Nthawi yoyenera yochotsera kusanthula ndi kuyambira pa 7.30 a.m. mpaka 10 a.m. Kuyesedwa kumachitika motere:

• Choyamba, magazi osala kudya amaperekedwa kwa nthawi yoyamba.
• Kenako muyenera kutenga mawonekedwe a kuyesa kwa glucose.
• Pakatha ola limodzi, magazi amaperekedwanso.
• Zotsatira zomaliza za magazi ku GTT zimaperekedwanso mumphindi zina 60.

Chifukwa chake, pakufunika mayeso pafupifupi 2 Munthawi imeneyi, ndizoletsedwa kudya kapena zakumwa. Ndikofunika kupewa masewera olimbitsa thupi, moyenera, wodwalayo ayenera kukhala kapena kugona.

Timaletsedwanso kuyesa mayeso ena panthawi yoyeserera kulekerera kwa shuga, chifukwa izi zimatha kupangitsa kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi.

Kuti mupeze zotsatira zodalirika, kuyesaku kumachitika kawiri. Pakatikati ndi masiku 2-3.

Kusanthula sikungachitike mwanjira zotere:

• wodwala apsinjika
• panali opaleshoni kapena kubala - muyenera kuchedwetsa mayesowo kwa miyezi 1.5-2,
• wodwala amapita kumwezi pamwezi,
• pali zizindikiro za matenda amisempha chifukwa chomwa mowa kwambiri,
• ndi matenda aliwonse opatsirana (kuphatikizapo chimfine ndi chimfine),
• Ngati woyesedwa akudwala matenda am'mimba,
• Pamaso pa zotupa zoyipa,
• ndi chiwindi mu mtundu uliwonse ndi gawo,
• ngati munthu agwira ntchito molimbika tsiku lakale, adachita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena osagona kwa nthawi yayitali,
• ngati ndizovuta Zakudya zamavuto a shuga.

Mukanyalanyaza chimodzi mwazambiri zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, komanso panthawi yomwe muli ndi pakati, kudalirika kwa zotsatira kumakhala kukayikira.

Umu ndi momwe kusanthula kumayenera kuonekera kwabwinobwino: Zizindikiro za magazi oyamba sayenera kupitirira 6.7 mmol / L, chachiwiri - osati kupitirira 11.1 mmol / L, ndipo chachitatu - 7.8 mmol / L. Ziwerengero zimatha kusiyanasiyana pang'ono mwa odwala okalamba komanso odwala, ndipo kuchuluka kwa shuga pa nthawi ya pakati kumakhalanso kosiyana.

Ngati, mwakutsatira mosamalitsa malamulo onse a kusanthula, Zizindikirozo ndizosiyana ndi chizolowezi, wodwalayo amatha kuphwanya shuga.

Chochitika chofananachi chimatha kudzetsa mtundu wa 2 matenda a shuga, ndikuwanyalanyaza ma sign a alamu, kwa matenda a shuga a insulin. Izi ndizowopsa makamaka panthawi yoyembekezera, kulandira chithandizo ndikofunikira, ngakhale zizindikiro zomveka sizikupezeka.

Chifukwa chiyani kulolera kwa shuga kumakhala kovuta

1. Kukonzekereratu kwa banja: ngati makolo ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti chiwopsezo chotenga matendawa chimakula kangapo.
2. Kuphwanya mphamvu ya maselo kuti insulin (insulin kukana).
3. Kunenepa kwambiri
4. Kuphwanya kupanga kwa insulin, mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha kutupa kwa kapamba.
5. Khalidwe labwino.
6. Matenda ena a endocrine omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a contra-hormonal (kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa glucose), mwachitsanzo, matenda a Itsenko-Cushing ndi matenda (matenda omwe mulingo wamahomoni a adrenal cortex amakhala okwera).
7. Kumwa mankhwala ena (mwachitsanzo, glucocorticoids - mahomoni a adrenal).

Glucose kulolerana kusokoneza njira mankhwala

Ngati pakuchitika mayesowa, kukayikira kuti wapeza matenda a prediabetes (kulekerera shuga) kapena matenda ashuga am'mbuyomu, chithandizo chotsimikizidwa ndi katswiri chimakhala chovuta (zakudya, zolimbitsa thupi, osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa) ndikufuna kuthetsa zomwe zimayambitsa, komanso nthawi yomweyo - Zizindikiro ndi matendawa.

Nthawi zambiri, zomwe wodwalayo ali nazo zimatha kuwongolera pakusintha kwa moyo wawo, makamaka kusintha kwa kadyedwe, kamene kamayendetsa matenda a metabolic mthupi, zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa kunenepa komanso kubwezeretsa shuga m'magazi ovomerezeka.

Mfundo zikuluzikulu za kadyedwe mu matenda prediabetesic amati:

• kukana kwathunthu chakudya cham'mimba chophika mosavuta: makeke ophika ndi ufa, maswiti monga mchere ndi maswiti, mbatata,
• kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagaya (chakudya cha rye ndi imvi, chimanga) ndikugawana kwawo masana,
• Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta a nyama omwe amadyedwa, makamaka mafuta onenepa, mafuta anyama, soseji, mayonesi, batala, msuzi wamafuta,
• kuchuluka kwa zakumwa zamasamba ndi zipatso zomwe zimakhala ndi fiber yambiri komanso zochepa zokhala ndi shuga: zokonda ziyenera kuperekedwa kwa zipatso zowawasa komanso zotsekemera komanso zowawasa, komanso nyemba, nyemba, ndi zina, chifukwa zimathandizira pakukweza msanga kwa thupi,
• kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zakumwa zoledzera, ngati nkotheka - kukana, panthawi yakukonzanso,
• kuchuluka kwa zakudya mpaka 5-6 patsiku m'magawo ang'onoang'ono: chakudya chofananacho chimakupatsani mwayi wochepetsera katundu pazinthu zodyera, kuphatikizapo kapamba, komanso kupewa kudya kwambiri.

Kuphatikiza pa zakudya, kukonza boma la prediabetes, ndikofunikira kusintha moyo, zomwe zimaphatikizapo:

1. zolimbitsa thupi tsiku ndi tsiku (kuyambira mphindi 10-15 patsiku ndi kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono kutalika kwamakalasi),
2. moyo wokangalika kwambiri
3. kusiya kusuta: chikonga sichimangokhudza mapapu okha, komanso maselo a pancreatic opanga insulin,
4. kuwongolera shuga: magazi amayesedwa pakatha mwezi kapena theka atayamba chithandizo. Kuyesedwa koyeserera kumatilola kudziwa ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kunabwezeretsanso ngati kunganenedwe kuti kulekerera kwa glucose kunachiritsidwa.

Nthawi zina, ndikamadya pang'ono komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, katswiri amatha kukupatsaninso mankhwala omwe amathandizira kuchepa kwa magazi ndi cholesterol, makamaka ngati kuwongolera dziko la prediabetesic kumaphatikizaponso chithandizo cha matenda oyanjana (nthawi zambiri mtima wamtima).

Nthawi zambiri, mukazindikira matenda omwe amalekerera, komanso wodwala akamaliza kutsatira malangizo onse omwe dotolo amakhudzana ndi zakudya komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi, shuga ya magazi imakhazikika, potero kupewa kufalikira kwa boma la matenda ashuga.
Dongosolo la matenda a shuga: kupewa

Chifukwa chakuti nthawi zambiri boma la prediabetes limayambitsidwa ndi zinthu zakunja, nthawi zambiri limatha kupewedwa kapena kupezeka m'magawo oyambira, ngati mutsatira njira zotsatirazi zodzitetezera:

1. kunenepa kwambiri: ngati mukunenepa kwambiri, muyenera kuchitaya moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala kuti musawononge thupi,
2. zakudya zopatsa thanzi
3. lekani zizolowezi zoyipa,
4. khalani otanganidwa, khalani olimba, pewani zochitika zovuta
5. Amayi omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo kapena ovary polycystic nthawi zambiri amayang'ana shuga wawo wamagazi ndikamayezetsa magazi,
6. imani kuyezetsa kwa shuga kaamba ka njira zodzitetezera osachepera 1-2 pachaka, makamaka pamaso pa matenda a mtima, m'mimba, dongosolo la endocrine, komanso pamaso pa odwala matenda a shuga m'mabanja,
7. Pazizindikiro zoyambirira za kulekerera, pangana ndi katswiri kuti adziwe ngati ali ndi matenda a prediabetes.

Kupewa kulekerera shuga

Kulekerera shuga wambiri ndi vuto lowopsa lomwe limabweretsa zovuta zazikulu. Chifukwa chake, yankho labwinoko ndikupewa kuphwanya lamulo m'malo mongomenya nkhondo za matenda ashuga moyo wanga wonse. Kuthandiza thupi kumathandizira kupewa, kuphatikiza malamulo osavuta:

• onaninso kuchuluka kwa zakudya
• Chotsani zakudya zoyipa muzakudya,
• Khalani ndi thupi lathanzi ndipo pewani kunenepa kwambiri.

NGT nthawi zambiri imakhala yodabwitsanso kwa odwala, chifukwa imakhala ndi zobisika zamawonekedwe azachipatala, zomwe zimayambitsa kuchira mochedwa komanso zovuta zazikulu.Kuzindikira kwakanthawi kumapangitsa kuti pakhale njira yoyambira yothandizira panthawi, yomwe ichiritse matendawa ndikuwongolera mkhalidwe wa wodwala mothandizidwa ndi zakudya komanso njira zopewera.

Chakudya choyenera cha kulolerana kwa shuga

Pakukonzekera chithandizo, zakudya zopatsa thanzi zimagwira ntchito yayikulu.

Kudya kumachitika kangapo kasanu kapena sikisi patsiku, koma pokhapokha ngati magawo ndi ochepa. Njira yopezera chakudya imachotsera mtolo m'mimba.

Matendawa akapatula maswiti, shuga.

Zakudya zopatsa mphamvu mosavuta ziyenera kuchotsedwa muzakudya - kuphika ndi pasitala, mbatata, uchi, mitundu ina ya mpunga, ndi zina zambiri.

Nthawi yomweyo onjezerani ku zakudya zomwe zimaphatikizapo zovuta zam'mimba, monga: zipatso zosaphika ndi ndiwo zamasamba, mbewu monga chimanga chonse, zitsamba zatsopano, yogati yachilengedwe, tchizi chokhala ndi mafuta ochepa, komanso nyemba. Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa, kapena kuthetseratu kugwiritsa ntchito nyama yamafuta, mafuta anyama, zonona, margarine. Nthawi yomweyo, mafuta a masamba ndi nsomba ndi zinthu zofunika pa tebulo.

Samalani ndi kugwiritsa ntchito madzi. Voliyumu yake ndi 30 ml pa kilogalamu ya kulemera kwamunthu tsiku lililonse, ngati palibe contraindication apadera. Madokotala ena amalangizidwa kuti asamwe khofi ndi tiyi, chifukwa zakumwa izi zimawonjezera shuga m'magazi.