Zokoma Zonunkhira

Masiku ano, anthu ochulukirapo anayamba kukana kugwiritsa ntchito shuga. Cholinga cha izi chikhoza kukhala: mwina maloto ochepetsa thupi, kapena mavuto azaumoyo. Asayansi ku New Zealand adazindikira kuti pokhapokha shuga atachepetsa, amatha kuchepa thupi.

Masiku ano, olowa m'malo a shuga abwera kale kudzalowetsa shuga, mwanjira ina, okometsa. Amakhala ndi kukoma komweko, koma mwamtheradi sasintha zomwe zili m'magazi. Ndi hyperglycemia, zotsekemera zimangokhala m'malo. Kusankhidwa kwa zinthu lero ndi kwakukulu kwambiri, lingalirani mwatsatanetsatane.

Aspartame (E951)

Mwa zokometsera zopanda kalori, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri aspartame (E951) (methyl ester ya L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine). Aspartame idapangidwa koyamba ndi woyambitsa sukulu yapulogalamu yamapuloteni, Mlembi Wofananira wa Russian Academy of Sayansi a Valery Mikhailovich Stepanov pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya biocatalytic mu 1965. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kaphokoso kamakoko otsika. Aspartame imaposa 200 nthawi ya sucrose malinga ndi kutsekemera ndipo ilibe zotsatira zoyipa. Analimbikitsa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito pa 20 mg / kg patsiku. Amawonetsedwa kwa anthu onenepa kwambiri komanso odwala matenda a shuga. Ikawiritsa, imaphwanyaphwanyaphwanya ndipo imataya kukoma kwake, kotero kuti singatenthe, kuwira kupanikizana ndi zipatso zabwino. Kuphatikizidwa ndikulembedwaku: Susli, Sucradayet, Sladis Lux, Ginlayt, Milford cyclamate, Milford assartame, Novasvit, Blues, Dulko, Whistles, Slastilin, Sucraside, Nutrisvit, Surel Gold, Sugafri. Ma spartame okoma ambiri amakhalanso ndi cyclomat kuti azitha kuthekera. Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, amakhala mchere wamchere wa potaziyamu. Komabe, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa aspartame pakudya kwa ana aang'ono ndizoletsedwa m'maiko aku Europe. Simalimbikitsidwa kwa achinyamata, ngakhale ndi iwo omwe amakhala ogula a aspartame, popeza amapezeka mu koloko yonse. Aspartame sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa phenylketonuria.

Saccharin (E954)

Saccharin (E954): 300-500 nthawi yokoma kuposa shuga. Wokoma wokalamba. Ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi potaziyamu-sodium mchere, yemwe amakhala ndi zotsekemera, ndipo akamawotha, amawawa wowawa. Zisakhudze shuga la magazi. Zopanda kalori, ndi kuyaka kwa 1 g, 0 cal. Amakono a shuga a saccharin amakhala ndi cyclomat kusintha kulawa. Zophatikizidwa ndikulembedwaku: Zucli, Milford Zus, Sladis, Swazi Lokoma, Rio ndi Sucrasite. Ndi yogonjetsedwa ndi kutentha, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuphika ndi kuphika. Imakhala ndi mkodzo ndipo imayenera kukhala yodetsedwa kwambiri kuti ipewe zoyipa. Mlingo watsiku ndi tsiku mpaka 2,5 mg wa kilogalamu imodzi yakulemera kwa thupi ndipo palibenso!

Sodium cyclomatate (E952)

Sodium cyclomatate (E952): Nthawi 30 mokoma kuposa shuga. Simalowetsedwa ndi thupi ndikumatuluka mkodzo. Mulingo woyenera tsiku lililonse wa 10 mg pa 1 makilogalamu a kulemera kwa thupi, komwe kumakuthandizani kuti musinthe shuga osaposa 30 g patsiku. Madokotala salimbikitsa kupitilira muyeso. Cyclamate imakhala mu Sweet Time sweetener ndipo, monga momwe ndimawerengera, mapiritsi 19 a Nthawi Yotsekemera amatha kumwa chifukwa cholemera makilogalamu 75-85 patsiku: Cyclamate imapezekanso ndi cyclum. Cyclamate nthawi zambiri imawonjezeredwa m'madzi okoma a shuga. ndipo imatha kupirira kutentha kwambiri, chifukwa chake imawonjezedwa kuzakudya pakuphika.Sodium cyclamate siyenera kuyikidwa mgulu la chakudya cha odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a impso, komanso panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati komanso mkaka wa m'mawere. Kuyambira mu 1969, cyclamate ndi yoletsedwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu Akuti sha, France, Great Britain ndipo ngakhale chiwerengero cha mayiko chifukwa cha kukayikirana kuti amakwiya kulephera aimpso.

Sucralose (E955)

Sucralose (E 955). Ndi wokoma uwu ndiwotetezeka kwambiri, osaphatikizidwa mwa makanda kapena amayi apakati. Vuto limodzi - ndilosowa kwambiri pamsika wathu, chifukwa ndiwotsika mtengo ndipo silimalimbana ndi mpikisano ndi otsika mtengo. Wochokera sucrose. Kukwanira maswiti 600. Mbiri ya malonda - Splenda. Mlingo watsiku ndi tsiku sayenera kupitilira 18 mg / kg thupi. Sizikhudza kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi ndipo satenga nawo gawo la metabolism. Supralose amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu mu zakudya kuti akhale ndi kulemera koyenera komanso mankhwalawa ziphuphu.

Mannitol. Mwa kukoma, imakhala pafupi ndi shuga ndi sorbitol. Plaque streptococci amasintha mannitol kukhala organic, yopanda vuto lactic acid.

Zotsekemera zachilengedwe

Kodi m'malo mwa shuga achilengedwe amachokera kuti? Ndizinthu zopanda zinthu zachilengedwe. Kodi otchuka kwambiri a iwo ndi ati? Amawaganiziridwa moyenerera xylitol, fructose, stevioside ndi sorbitol.

Kwa iwo omwe amapezeka ndi hyperglycemia, zotsekemera zachilengedwe zimaloledwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamlingo wocheperako, chifukwa chakuti amatsutsana ndi shuga wamba. Kusiyanako ndikuti thupi silimawakoka mwachangu.

Stevioside - pafupifupi choloweza mmalo chokha chomwe chimakhala chokoma ngati shuga. Matenda a tsiku ndi tsiku (35-50 g) a stevioside sayenera kupitirira, chifukwa izi zimatha kusintha kusintha kwa glucose, ndipo kudzimbidwa sikutsutsidwa. Ena amati kugwiritsa ntchito kukoma kwambiri kumeneku kumatha kuyambitsa vuto.

Opanga a Confectionery adayamba kale kugwiritsa ntchito zotsekemera zachilengedwe popanga maswiti, gingerbread, makeke ndi zina zambiri, potero amapanga mzere wamagulu a matenda ashuga. Tsopano, madipatimenti a odwala matenda ashuga ayambanso kuwoneka m'masitolo. Komabe tisaiwale kuti zabwino zokhala ndi kumwa kwambiri zimathandizanso shuga.

Isomaltulosis

Isomaltulosis. Kutsekemera kumafanana ndi kukoma kwa 42% ya sucrose. Isomaltulosis amachepetsa acidity wa zolengeza.

Palatinitis. Hydrogenated isomaltulosis. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati shuga, kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha kuwola kwa mano.

Lycazine. Hydrogenated Starch Hydrolyzate. Poyesererako, adachepetsa theka la bulauni ndi nyama zoyesera. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tokhudza pakamwa sitingathe kukhala ndi licasin.

Nystosis Ku Japan, imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati anti-caries shuga m'malo mwa ma cell: tizilombo toyambitsa mkamwa amasandutsa nystosis kukhala ma organic acheni omwe samaphwanya enamel. Mapuloteni zozizwitsa, monelo, thaumatin amapezeka pazipatso za mbewu zina. Alonjezanso za kupewa caries.

Thaumatin I (E957)

ThaumatinIne (E957). Mapuloteni Kuthekera kwakukulu ndi 1600. Amaphwanya kwambiri kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a ANS ndipo monga zotsekemera sizovomerezeka kuti zigwiritsidwe ku Russia komanso m'maiko ambiri.

Neotam. Amakhala ndi ma amino acid awiri: L-aspartic ndi L-phenylalanine, 30 zotsekemera kwambiri kuposa 30aspart ama. Neotam ndiotetezeka kwa enamel ya mano.

Alitamu. Muli ndi aspartic acid, alanine ndi amide. 2000 nthawi yokoma kuposa shuga, samatha ndikuphika. Otetezeka kwa enamel ya mano.

M'malo onse a shuga ali ndi mphamvu ya choleretic. Mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amisempha yodwala, m'malo mwa shuga amatha kukulitsa matendawa.

Mitengo Yotapira

Okoma ambiri okoma ali ndi kuphatikiza kwa zotsekemera zosiyanasiyana. Nawu kufotokoza kwa ena a iwo:

Sucrazite - shuga cholowa m'malo mwa saccharin. Phukusi la mapiritsi 1200 limachotsa shuga 6 kg ndipo mulibe zopatsa mphamvu. Sucrazit imavomerezedwa ndi Israeli Diabetes Association ndipo imayang'aniridwa ndi Israel Standards Institute. Kuphatikizika kwa mapiritsi, kuphatikiza ndi saccharin, kumaphatikizanso kuphika koloko monga filler, komanso acidity Administrator - fumaric acid. Fumaric acid ali ndi poizoni, koma amavomerezedwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito ku Europe ndipo sioletsedwa ku Russia.

«Zachin - Chophatikizira chamakono chomwe chimakhala ndi zotsekemera zingapo - aspartame, acetylsulfam ndi lactose. Zomwe zili ndi calorie piritsi limodzi ndi 0,2 calories. Monga chowonjezera chowonetsera, leucine imagwiritsidwa ntchito - chowonjezera chomwe sichiloledwa (koma choletsedwa) ku Europe ndi Russia. Izi zimapangidwa ku China pansi pa layisensi ya ku Switzerland.

"Sladis" - shuga wopanda kalori wogwiritsa ntchito sodium cyclamate ndi saccharin. Mapiritsi 650 a omwe adalowa m'malo mwake ndi ofanana ndi makilogalamu 4 a shuga.

Milford Suss

«MilfordChisoni » - wogwirizira shuga wopangidwa pawiri ndi piritsi lamadzimadzi, yabwino pakupanga mtanda. Zomwe zimapangidwira zimaphatikizira sodium cyclamate, saccharin ndi lactose. Piritsi limodzi limalowa m'malo mwa 44 g shuga ndikuwapatsa 0,05 kcal mphamvu.

Msuzi Wotsekemera

Msuzi Wotsekemera opangidwa kuchokera kwa shuga wa beet wokhazikika ndi chowonjezera chaching'ono cha saccharin. Ili ndi kalori yokhala ndi 398 kcal pa 100 g. Chifukwa chaichi, "Mchere Wotsekemera" ndiwachuma kugwiritsa ntchito - umachepetsa shuga nthawi ziwiri. Chimalimbikitsidwa pakudya kwatsiku ndi tsiku komanso kupewa kunenepa kwambiri komanso atherosulinosis.

Sukra saccharin ndi koloko. Amasunga mikhalidwe yonse yoyipa ya saccharin.

Sladex - Asipere weniweni. Imasungunuka bwino m'madzi, ndipo ikatentha imatha kuwonongeka kukhala zigawo zina. Ili ndi kumaliza kwa lilime, komwe kumakupangitsani kufuna kutsuka pakamwa panu. Muyezo wogulitsa, uli ndi mapiritsi 100 a 18 mg a aspartame ndipo mwanjira yake amafanana ndi 1/3 kg ya shuga (malinga ndi CSl). Komabe, mukamagwiritsa ntchito zakumwa zotentha (tiyi, khofi), mlingo wofunikira umawonjezeka ndi katatu. Poyerekeza ndi mbadwo watsopano wa zotsekemera, zabwino zina za SLADEX (zomwe zimakonda kwambiri zomaliza) ndizotsika mtengo. Komabe, mutayang'anitsitsa, mwayiwu chifukwa cha kutsika kwambiri umatsitsidwa kufikira zero. Mwachitsanzo, Argoslastin imodzi yokhazikika imafanana pafupifupi 7 mpaka 10 (kutengera kutentha kwa chakumwa) miyezo ya SLADEX.

Argoslastin

Argoslastin - Watsopano mbadwo wokoma, ndi piritsi yapamwamba la pompopompo yokhala ndi asidi wa potaziyamu komanso asidi wambiri. Mosiyana ndi zotsekemera zomwe zilipo, zimakhala ndi kutsekemera kwakukulu (chifukwa cha mgwirizano wa synergistic), zimakhala ndi kukoma kosangalatsa, zokhala ndi kalori ya zero ndipo zimayenda bwino ndi zowonjezera zilizonse zofunikira pakudya.

Kafukufuku wachipatala omwe adachitidwa mu labotale ya endocrine ndi matenda a metabolic a Scientific Center for Clinical and Experimental Medicine of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences awonetsa kuti kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ARGOSLASTIN ndi njira yabwino komanso yotetezedwa yolepheretsa kudya zamagetsi osavuta kudya. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu athanzi komanso pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza matenda ashuga.

Marmix ndi Sweetland

Marmix ndi Sweetland. Marmix ndi Sweetland okometsera ophatikizika ndi ophatikizika: ma aspartame - acesulfame - saccharin - cyclamate, okhala ndi zotsekemera kuyambira 100 mpaka 350, osungunuka mosavuta m'madzi, zotsekemera zomwe zimakhala ndi kukoma kofanana ndi kukoma kwa shuga, popanda kukoma kwina.

Zokoma Zonunkhira

Izi zimaphatikizapo aspartame, saccharin, sucralose, cyclamate ndi acesulfame K. Amatha kuwoneka pafupipafupi m'mashelefu akuluakulu, monga gawo la zinthu zosiyanasiyana, ngakhale pamakompyuta ogulitsa khofi - amatha kukupatsani mapiritsi okoma angapo mu latte.

Phokoso lozungulira zotsekemera zopangira: Othandiza ambiri omwe ali ndi moyo wathanzi amalimbikitsa kuti asamagwiritse ntchito. Ngakhale kuvomerezeka kwa kumwa moyenera kwa aliyense wa iwo sikunatsimikizidwe, kumatsutsana ndi kuvulala kwa shuga kapena fructose. Kuphatikiza kosiyanasiyana kumakayikiratu, komwe, mukatentha, kumatha kupereka chinthu chosamveka. Tiyeni timvetse bwino.

Pamalemba azakudya mungathe kuwapeza pseudonym E 951. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'makumwa a kaboni, zakumwa zamasewera, ayisikilimu, yoghurts. Mtundu wotchuka kwambiri, mwina, ndi Milford Suss (Aspartame).

Aspartame, tinene kuti, za anthu owopsa kwambiri - pakali kukambirana pazowonongeka ndi kufunikira kwake. Mosakayikira iye contraindicated odwala ndi phenylketonuria - kwa iwo, kukhalapo kwa aspartame nthawi zonse kumakhala chizindikiro ndi chenjezo lowonjezera.

Ndipo nayi nkhani yokha yotsutsana: kulowera m'thupi, aspartame imatengedwa mwachangu ndikuphwanya zigawo zake: phenylalanine, Aspartic acid ndi methanol woopsa.

Palibe chimodzi mwazotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakugwiritsa ntchito aspartame, komabe, pali umboni wambiri wosonyeza kuti kupweteka kwa mutuwu kumayambitsa mutu (mwina methanol).

Chofunika: aspartame sayenera kutentha. Kale madigiri 80 Celsius amayamba kugwa, ndiye kuti ngati matenthedwe anakwiya kwambiri - musataye mapiritsi aliwonse! Palibe chomwe chidzachitike ngati muwonjezerera zotsekemera izi ku mandimu kangapo pamwezi kapena kumwa mapuloteni - amakhala ndizochepa kwambiri. Koma sindingathe kuyimbira ntchito nthawi zonse.

Wotseka shuga yemwe ali ndi mbiri yosasangalatsa: nthawi ina m'mbuyomu adamuimba mlandu wokhudza kupha nyama, ndiye kuti kuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito kuchotsedwa ntchito, ndipo lero wokoma wokalamba mfulu kugulitsanso (kupatula Canada).

Zisakhudze shuga wamagazi mwanjira iliyonse, ndipo tinganene kuti siwopatsa mphamvu, popeza imafunikira zochepa. Momwemo, amalimbikitsidwa kuti achepetse thupi komanso shuga.

Chimodzi mwazotchuka kwambiri ndi Sukrazit. Ndikukumbukira "bowa" ndi mapiritsi otsekemera omwe ndidagwiritsa ntchito chaka choyamba cha matenda ashuga.

Ubwino wake ndi mtengo wotsika, kukoma kwabwino. Kusankha kwa agogo-penshoni onse omwe, moona, sangakwanitse kugula Stevia. Saccharin ikhoza kuikidwa m'makumwa otentha ndikuwotchera, koma sindingayike pachiwopsezo kupanga mkate ndi tsiku lobadwa chifukwa chokonda kudya.

Mwa mphindi, chosasangalatsa chakuti saccharin simalowetsedwa ndi thupi komanso zovulaza zochuluka, zomwe, komabe, ndizovuta kukwaniritsa m'moyo wamba. Anthu ena amamva kulawa kwachitsulo pang'ono, koma mulingo wocheperako sadziwika.

Kwa ambiri, mutatha kumwa saccharin, mumakhala njala yovuta kwambiri, yomwe imawakwiyitsa kudya, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sizingathandize kuchepetsa thupi kapena kuchepetsa shuga.

Kutenga? Tengani ngati mulibe njira yogulira chinthu chabwino, koma osachigwiritsa ntchito molakwika.

Osati pachabe kuti dzinalo ndi lofanana ndi sucrose: sucralose imapangidwa kuchokera ku shuga wamba ya tebulo. Mwa njira, musasokoneze ndi Sucrasit, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ndi saccharin.

Wotsekemera Mwama - 600 wowonjezera kuposa shuga! Nthawi zambiri ndimaziwona m'mapuloteni, zimapangidwa kuti E955.

Sucralose ali ndi kukoma kwabwino popanda mankhwala aliwonse azakudya, ndipo amatha kuwotha.

Otsatira a Ducan zakudya amamukondanso, chifukwa ali ndi zero glycemic index ndi ma calorie okhutira, komanso samadzetsa njala mwanjira iliyonse.

Supralose imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazotapira kwambiri (kapena, monga ndanenera, zinatenga nthawi yochepa kuti muwone zotsatira zake).

Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ndi Fitparade No. 19, Fitparade No. 20 (stevia + sucralose), Huxol, Splenda, Milford.

Ngati stevia m'magulu sagwirizana nanu, sankhani sucralose, m'malingaliro anga, iyi ndi njira yabwino.

Sodium cyclamate ndi zotsekemera zomwe zimapezeka pamapaketi olembedwa E952. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphatikiza ndi zotsekemera zina - saccharin, aspartame. Komanso ndi imodzi mwa zotsekemera kwambiri, kuyambira kafukufuku ndi Kutsutsana pankhani yachitetezo chake kumachitikabe.

Kunena zowona, sindingabwerebe ndi chifukwa chakugwiritsira ntchito muzakudya zanga. Ndizoyenera kugulitsa mpaka ngozi yake itakhazikitsidwa, koma si aliyense amene angakhale akuyenda ma labotor.

Popeza cyclamate osati kwambiri (amangokhala okoma kwambiri kuposa shuga), ndiye kuti, pali chiopsezo chochepa cha kupitirira muyezo wotetezeka ndikukhala pachiwopsezo, komanso kutsitsa impso. Ngakhale amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri mopanda mawonekedwe ake, zomwe zimachepetsa chiopsezo. Koma ndidakumana ndi ndemanga zomwe ndimagwiritsa ntchito, edema imawoneka (ndizovuta kutsimikizira, komabe).

Cyclamate ndiyosagwirizana komanso imakhala yowopsa kwa amayi apakati pa mlingo uliwonse, kotero, mankhwala omwewo ayenera kukanidwa nthawi yomweyo. Ndipo yang'anirani phukusi - onani "yeshka".

Osewera odziwika kwambiri pamsika ndionso a Milford ndi Huxol (kampani imodzi), akupanga mizere yayikulu ya cyclamate ndi saccharin.

Zinali zosangalatsa kwa ine kuti, kuphatikiza cyclamate ndi saccharin, pakupanga kwamadzimadzi "chodabwitsa", ndipo ndinadabwitsidwa kuti ndidapeza fructose pamenepo.

Zokoma Zopangira

Zomera zotsekemera zimapezeka ndi njira ya mankhwala. Nthawi zambiri amapangidwa mumtundu wamadzimadzi oyendetsedwa kapena ma dragees. Ndipo piritsi limodzi laling'ono lokoma ndi lofanana ndi supuni ya tiyi ya shuga wonunkhira. Mutha kugula m'malo mwa madzi. Masiku athu ano, zinthu zoterezi zimadziwika: cyclamate, acesulfame, aspartame, saccharin, sucrasite ndi neotam.

Zambiri za zotsekemera zokopa:

• kalori wotsika
• osakhudza kagayidwe kazakudya,
• osakhudza shuga
• okoma kuposa shuga, chifukwa chake amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazing'ono.

Kodi ndimatenda abwino ati?

Mukamasankha wogwirizira wa shuga, ndikofunikira kumvetsera malingaliro a akatswiri azakudya ndi endocrinologists. Amakhulupirira kuti ndiotetezeka ku thanzi ndipo alibe zotsatirapo zoyipa. stevioside ndi sucralose.

Stevioside - Wotsekemera wotchuka kwambiri. Amapezeka pamasamba. stevia Zomera zomwe zimamera ku Asia ndi South America. Ku Japan, pafupifupi 50% yamsika wotsekemera umalandidwa ndi uyu.

Chodziwika bwino cha stevia ndichakuti chimakhala chokoma kwambiri kuposa shuga, koma chimakhala ndi mtundu wina wa mankhwala azitsamba. Mulingo watsiku ndi tsiku wa shuga uyu ndi mamiligamu anayi pa kilogalamu imodzi ya kulemera.

Ubwino wa Stevia:

• kutha kuchira pambuyo kutopa kwa thupi,
• zimathandizira Kuchotsa radionuclidesImachepetsa magazi m'thupi,
• bwino kagayidwe.

Supralose - Omwe ali ndi shuga wina watsopano. Zimapangidwa ndi kukonza kwapadera kwa sucrose wamba. Zopatsa mphamvu za caloric za sucralose ndizotsika kwambiri, kotero sizikhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Ubwino wa sucralose ndikuti zimakoma pafupifupi shuga. Amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito zotsekemerazi kuphika, chifukwa zikafotokozedwa ndi kutentha, sasintha malo ake.

Fructose (shuga wa zipatso, levulose)

Zimapezeka kuchokera ku zipatso ndi zipatso. Fructose yachilengedwe imapezeka mu uchi (pafupifupi theka la kulemera kwathunthu). Kunja, imawoneka ngati shuga, koma nthawi yomweyo imakhala yokoma kwambiri kuposa zina za 1,2,8. Ubwino waukulu wa fructose ndikuti, mosiyana ndi shuga, umachulukitsa shuga m'magazi katatu pang'onopang'ono.

Fructose ali ndi mphamvu yofanana ndi shuga (375 kcal pa 100 g kulemera kwake), imachepera pang'onopang'ono pomwe glucose imatengeka kuchokera m'matumbo am'mimba, koma imatengedwa mwachangu ndi maselo amthupi, makamaka maselo a chiwindi, ndikupanga glycogen. Chifukwa cha izi, kukhudzidwa pang'ono kwa chinsinsi cha insulin.

Malinga ndi akatswiri ambiri azakudya, kusiya shuga ndi fructose ndiko kupewa matenda ashuga.

Zabwino

- Chimakoma ngati shuga.
- M'chovala chilichonse chimatsindika kukoma ndi kununkhira kwa zipatso.
- Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera zakumwa zokha (tiyi kapena khofi), komanso zipatso zabwino, kupanikizana komanso kusunga.
- Zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa ndi fructose zimakhalanso zatsopano.
- Kusintha shuga ndi fructose kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a shuga ndi mano.

Kafukufuku awonetsa kuti fructose ndiyothandiza kwambiri kuposa shuga, imabwezeretsa mphamvu ndipo imakhala ndi mphamvu yokhala ndi tonic - imasintha magwiridwe antchito, mamvekedwe ndi mamvekedwe athunthu. Pankhaniyi, kugwiritsa ntchito fructose mu chakudya m'malo mwa shuga wokhazikika ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa anthu ofooka, othamanga panthawi yophunzirira kwambiri, okalamba, aliyense amene akuchita ntchito zolimbitsa thupi, etc.

Zoyipa

- Kwa odwala matenda a shuga, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti fructose, ngakhale pang'ono pang'ono kuposa shuga, koma imakhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndipo imatha kupangitsa kuti asidiosis asinthe - kusintha kosintha kwa magazi ku mbali ya asidi, chifukwa chake iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwambiri ndi shuga.

- Omwe akufuna kuchepa thupi sayenera kuyiwala kuti fructose siyotsika kwambiri ndi shuga wamba pama calories.
Mlingo wovomerezeka wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa fructose saposa 45 g.

Sorbitol ndi Xylitol

Sorbitol yoyamba kupatulidwa kuchokera ku zipatso za mzere wozungulira (sorbus - mu Latin "phulusa"). Amapezekanso m'madzi am'madzi, maapulo, ma apricots ndi zipatso zina. Xylitol mu mafakitale imapezeka kuchokera ku mapesi a chimanga ndi ma hus a nthanga za thonje.

Xylitol ali pafupi kwambiri ndi shuga mu kutsekemera, ndipo sorbitol ili pafupifupi theka lokoma. Ndi phindu la caloric, onse amafanana ndi shuga ndikumva kukoma pang'ono pang'ono ndi iwo.

Zosakaniza shuga zosakanikirana - ndizowopsa motani za shuga ndipo pali phindu lililonse?

Saccharin, cyclamate, aspartame, acesulfame potaziyamu, sucrasite, neotam, sucralose - Zonsezi ndizopangira shuga. Sizimizidwa ndi thupi ndipo siziyimira mphamvu iliyonse.

Koma muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti kukoma kokoma kumabweretsa m'thupi chakudya Reflexzomwe sizimapezeka m'makomedwe okopa. Chifukwa chake, mukamamwa zotsekemera m'malo mwa shuga, zakudya zochepetsa thupi, motero sizigwira ntchito: thupi lifunika chakudya chamagulu ochulukirapo ndi zakudya zina zowonjezera.

Akatswiri odziimira pawokha sawona ngati owopsa sucralose ndi neotam. Koma ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kuyambira nthawi yowerengera zowonjezera izi sizinadutse kuti adziwe momwe thupi lawo limagwirira ntchito.

Chifukwa chake, madokotala salimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito maumboni opangira panthawi ya pakati ndi poyamwitsa.

Zokoma Zapamwamba ndi Khansa

Zovuta zazikuluzikulu zakumwa zotsekemera zaukadaulo ndizokhudzana ndi kufooka kwa thupi lawo. Chifukwa chake, choyambirira, amayesedwa kuti athe kupangitsa khansa. Posachedwa, mtolankhani waku America Ironman adapereka mwachidule zokambirana zambiri za akatswiri aku Western pankhaniyi. Tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule malingaliro ena.

Saccharin anagulitsa mu 1879. Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito kwazaka zopitilira 100 ndipo palibe zotsatirapo zoyipa zaumoyo pakugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zapezeka. Poyeserera pa makoswe, zotsatira za carcinogenic (chiwopsezo cha khansa ya chikhodzodzo) zimawoneka pokhapokha mlingo waukulu kwambiri wa saccharin umaphatikizidwa muzakudya zawo, nthawi zambiri kuposa zomwe anthu amatha. Koma tisaiwale kuti kapangidwe ka khansa ya chikhodzodzo mu makoswe ndikosiyana ndi anthu. M'makola, khansa yamtunduwu imakonda kumera chifukwa chotenga ascorbic acid (vitamini C) mu Mlingo wofanana. Chowonadi ndi chakuti makoswe amakhala ndi mkodzo wowonjezereka, makhiristo ake amakhumudwitsa minofu ya chikhodzodzo, zomwe zingayambitse mapangidwe. Kuphatikiza apo, makoswe nthawi zambiri amatenga kachilombo ka chikhodzodzo, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti akhale ndi khansa yamtunduwu. Kuyesa komweku kunachitika pa nyani, khansa ya chikhodzodzo sinawonedwe konse. Chifukwa chake, adazindikira kuti palibe mgwirizano pakati pa kumwa kwa saccharin ndi khansa ya chikhodzodzo.

Maphunziro omwewo komanso motsatira momwemo adayikidwa wina wokoma - cyclamate. Koma, ngakhale kafukufuku wina wotsatira sanatsimikizire kuwopsa kwa cyclamate, akuletsedwabe ku United States.

Munthu wina wotchuka wa aspartame adapezeka pamsika mu 1981. Kuyesa kwamtundu woyambirira wa nyama komanso maphunziro ena azachipatala sanawonetse zotsatira zoyipa, ngakhale mutakhala ndi Mlingo wambiri wa zotsekemera izi.

Komabe, mu 1996, milandu yokhudzana ndi carcinogenicity idakwezedwa motsutsana ndi aspartame. Zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa izi zinali zotsatira za kafukufuku wama mbewa, momwe zotupa za mu ubongo zimapangidwira pambuyo pa zaka ziwiri za kumwa kosalekeza kwa spartame kwambiri pamitengo yambiri kuposa makoswe a gulu lolamulira.

Kuyambira, kuyambira 1980, pakhala pakuwonjezeka kwa zotupa za mu ubongo mwa anthu, akuti izi zikuchitika chifukwa cha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa aspartame. Komabe, palibe ziwerengero zomwe anthu awa adagwiritsa ntchito aspartame m'malo mwa shuga. Mayeso apadera a ana omwe ali ndi zotupa za muubongo ndi amayi awo nawonso sanapeze kulumikizana pakati pa aspartame ndi khansa.

Supralose, wogwirizira shuga m'mibadwo yotsatira, adayamba moto. Pazaka zambiri, kuyesedwa kwa poizoni kwachitika kale, sanawulule chilichonse chokhudza nyama kapena mavuto obwera chifukwa cha kubereka, mantha amthupi kapena ma genetics. Sucralose adavomerezedwa kukhala wokoma, woyamba ku Canada, kenako, mu 1998, ku United States ndi mayiko ena.
Zotsatira pazokambirana pavuto la zotsekemera zinali zomaliza: maphunziro ndi zaka zambiri pazogwiritsa ntchito zotsekemera zomwe zimapangidwa zimawonetsa kuti siwowopsa kwa anthu kuposa zina zowonjezera zovomerezeka. Nthawi yomweyo, monga zakudya zilizonse zowonjezera, zotsekemera sizingadye zopanda malire. Monga kwina kulikonse, muzonse muyenera kudziwa muyeso.

M'badwo watsopano

Kukula kwa mitundu yatsopano ya zotsekemera kumapitilira. Tsopano asayansi atembenukira ku zotsekemera zachilengedwe. Timalemba ena a iwo.

Steviazide ndi chinthu chokoma chomwe chimapezeka kuchokera ku mbewu yaku South America ya stevia (udzu wa uchi). Imangotenga shuga, komanso amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale muyezo waukulu. Greenlight ndi wokoma wozizira pa stevia. Kutenga mankhwala opatsirana a stevia sikuti kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ngakhale pang'ono ndende ya 10-15 kuposa momwe anthu omwe amadya tsiku lililonse.

Thaumatin ndi mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya protein. Zalandiridwa kuyambira 1996 kuchokera ku zipatso zofiira za katemfe za ku Africa. Kutsekemera kwa thaumatin ndiwokwera nthawi 1,600 kuposa kwa sucrose. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi zotsekemera zina kuphika zakudya, mavitamini, kutafuna chingamu, etc.

Isomalt ndiwotsitsanso wachilengedwe wopatsa mphamvu. Pezani izi kuchokera ku isomalt - chinthu chomwe chili ndi nzimbe, shuga ndi uchi. Ndi 40-60% wochepera kuposa shuga, ali ndi index yotsika ya glycemic. Isomaltitis imalimbitsa matumbo ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mankhwala a matenda ashuga.

Mlingo woyenera wa isomalt mu mawonekedwe ake osaposa 30 g patsiku.

Glycyrrhizin ndi zotsekemera zachilengedwe zomwe zimachokera ku mizu ya licorice. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera zakumwa zoledzeretsa, moŵa, kvass, chokoleti, maswiti. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kutsekemera komanso kulawa m'malonda azakudya popanga halva, maswiti, etc. Ndimakoma kwambiri kuposa nthawi 100. Osalowa mumadzi ozizira, koma sungunuka pamoto. Ili ndi kakomedwe kake komanso kafungo kabwino.
Maltitol amapangidwa kuchokera ku maltose, shuga wa malt wochokera ku wowuma (makamaka kuchokera ku chimanga kapena mbatata). Maltitol ali ndi zopatsa mphamvu zochepa kuposa shuga ndi fructose, ndipo alibe chidwi kwenikweni ndi shuga m'magazi.

Neohesperidin (citrosis) ndichinthu chotsekemera cha zopatsa mphamvu zopezeka mu zipatso za zipatso. Amapezeka ku khungu la lalanje (Sibyl) lalanje. Neohesperidin wakhala akudziwika kuyambira 1968. Ndiwotsekemera kuposa sucrose mu 1500-1800 nthawi. Kakhazikika m'chilengedwe. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, kutafuna chingamu, ayisikilimu, masamu, marmalade, timadziti, mano.

Kodi zilembo zili bwanji?

Mitundu ya zotsekemera ndi yayikulu kwambiri ndipo ikukula mosalekeza. Ngakhale mutakhala kuti simunawagule ndi cholinga, sizitanthauza kuti simuwawononga. Amapezeka muzakudya zambiri - kuchokera ku zakudya za kola kupita ku yogati yopanda cholakwa kwambiri.

Kumbukirani momwe adalembera ndikuwerenga malembawo mosamala. Osawopa kalata E m'ndondomeko. Amangonena kuti zowonjezera izi ndizovomerezeka kuti zizigwiritsidwa ntchito ku Europe, ndipo pali zofunika kwambiri pazogulitsa. Musanagawire yogulitsa, mankhwala amayesa kwa nthawi yayitali. Koma ngakhale pambuyo pake, ngati pali kukayikira kwa kawopsedwe kapena carcinogenicity, kuyezetsa koyenera kumachitika, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi aspartame, saccharin, cyclamate ndi sucralose. Nthawi yomweyo, dziko lililonse limasankha zakudya zowonjezera zomwe siziyenera kulembedwa. M'dziko lathu, zotsatirazi ndizololedwa kuchokera kwa zotsekemera:

E420 - Sorbitol
E950 - Acesulfame
E951 - aspartame
E952 - cyclamate
E953 - Isomalt
E954 - saccharin
E957 - Thaumatin
E958 - glycyrrhizin
E959 - Neohesperidin (Citrosis)
E965 - Maltitol
E967 - Xylitol

Nthawi zambiri, okometsetsa amakhala ndi dzina losiyana ndi malonda, makamaka ngati amaphatikiza zinthu. Nawa mayina odziwika:

"Milford" - chisakanizo cha saccharin ndi cyclamate,

Sladex - asipoti wabwino,

Argoslastin ndi msanganizo wa aspartame ndi acesulfame. Ili ndi kakomedwe kabwino komanso kopatsa mphamvu kalori,

Surelgold ndiwosakanikiranso ndi aspartame ndi acesulfame, koma kuphatikiza kosiyanasiyana kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu. Imakhala ndi kutsekemera kotsika (maulendo 4 kutsika kuposa kwaerooslastin).

Madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti anthu onenepa kwambiri asinthe shuga achilengedwe ndi zotsekemera. Nenani, m'mawa ndi madzulo mumatha kugula shuga, ndipo tsiku lonse, onjezani okoma okha.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amalangizidwa kuti aphatikize shuga achilengedwe omwe amalowa m'malo ndi ena okumba.

Kukhala ndi mndandanda wa zotsekemera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso mafotokozedwe a zomwe achita, mutha kukambirana ndi dokotala omwe ndi abwino kwambiri kwa inu. Komanso, adokotala aziganizira zonse zomwe zimachitika mthupi lanu komanso ma pathologies onse okhudzana nawo.

Malinga ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku wobwerezabwereza wa zotsekemera zotsekemera, zidawululidwa kuti:

• machitidwe - ili ndi katundu wama carcinogenic, imayambitsa poizoni wa chakudya, kukhumudwa, kupweteka kwa mutu, palpitations komanso kunenepa kwambiri. Sitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi odwala omwe ali ndi phenylketonuria.
• saccharin - Ndi gwero la mafuta omwe amayambitsa khansa komanso kuvulaza m'mimba.
• sucracite - imakhala ndi poizoni pakapangidwe kake, chifukwa chake imawonedwa ngati zovulaza thupi.
• cyclamate - Amathandizira kuchepetsa kunenepa, koma kumayambitsa kulephera kwa impso. Siyenera kutengedwa ndi amayi apakati komanso oyamwitsa.
• thaumatin - ingakhudze kuwonongeka kwa mahomoni.

Kodi m'malo mwa shuga mumapezeka shuga?

Ponena za zotsekemera zopangira , ndiye kuti - sangathandize. Iwo okha tsitsani hypoglycemia ndikupangitsa kuti mukhale ndi njala.

Chowonadi ndi chakuti wokoma wopanda mchere "amasokoneza" ubongo wamunthu, kumutumizira "chizindikiro chokoma" za kufunika kosunga insulin kuti uwotche shuga, zomwe mulingo wa insulin ukukwera, ndipo kuchuluka kwa shuga kukucheperachepera. Izi ndi zabwino za zotsekemera za odwala matenda ashuga, koma osachepera munthu wathanzi.

Ngati ndi chakudya chotsatira, chakudya chamafuta omwe amayembekezeredwa kwa nthawi yayitali chimalowa m'mimba, ndiye kukonza kwakukulu kumachitika. Pankhaniyi, glucose imamasulidwa, yomwe woyikidwa m'mafuta«.

Nthawi yomweyo zotsekemera zachilengedwe (xylitol, sorbitol ndi fructose), mosiyana ndi zomwe ambiri amakhulupirira, ali nazo kwambiri zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri komanso osagwira ntchito mokwanira m'zakudya.

Chifukwa chake, mu zakudya zochepetsa thupi ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito otsika kalori ochepa, yomwe imakhala yokoma kwambiri kuposa shuga ndipo ilibe zinthu zovulaza. Stevia akhoza kumalimidwa kunyumba, ngati chomera, kapena kugula mankhwala okonzedwa ndi stevia mu pharmacy.