Mlingo wa cholesterol m'mwazi - gome pofika zaka

Ngati mukuganiza kuti cholesterol ndi chinthu choyipa chomwe chimapezeka muzakudya zamafuta ndikuyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana, ndiye kuti nkhaniyi ndi yanu.

Molecule yachilengedwe imakhala yovuta kuposa momwe timaganizira. Kuchokera pamalingaliro amakanidwe, mankhwala a cholesterol amakhala osinthika - molekyulu ya lipid, yomwe imapangidwa chifukwa cha biosynthesis m'maselo onse a nyama. Ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pazinthu zonse za khungu la nyama ndipo ndikofunikira kuti lisungidwe bwino ndikuchokera kwamasamba.

Mwanjira ina mulingo wambiri, cholesterol ndiyofunikira kwambiri kuti munthu apulumuke. Ndizo zonse zomwe mumafuna kudziwa chifukwa chake cholesterol imafunikira, momwe mungachepetse mafuta ambiri, komanso cholesterol yayikulu bwanji.

Mafuta m'thupi

1. Cholesterol siyisungunuka m'magazi, imayenda m'magazi ndi zonyamula zotchedwa lipoproteins. Pali mitundu iwiri ya lipoproteins: otsika osalimba lipoproteins (LDL) lotchedwa "cholesterol yoyipa"ndi mkulu osachulukitsa lipoprotein (HDL) lotchedwa "cholesterol yabwino".

2. Ma lipoproteins otsika kwambiri amadziwika kuti ndi "cholesterol yoyipa" chifukwa amathandizira kupanga mapangidwe amafuta a cholesterol omwe amatseka mitsempha ndikupangitsa kuti asasinthike. Ma lipoproteins apamwamba kwambiri amaonedwa kuti ndi "abwino" chifukwa amathandizira kusunthira ma lipoprotein otsika kwambiri kuchokera kumitsempha kupita kuchiwindi, komwe amawonongeka ndikuwachotsa.

3. Cholesterol imakhala yofunikira kwa ife, ikuchita ntchito zofunika mthupi lathu. Zimathandizira pakupanga minofu ndi mahomoni, zimateteza mitsempha ndikulimbikitsa chimbudzi. Komanso, cholesterol imathandiza pangani khungu lililonse m'thupi lathu.

4. Mosiyana ndi zomwe ambiri amakhulupirira, sikuti mafuta m'thupi onse amabwera ndi chakudya chomwe timadya. M'malo mwake ambiri aiwo (pafupifupi 75 peresenti) amapangidwa ndi chiwindi mwachilengedwe. 25% yotsala yomwe timapeza kuchokera ku chakudya.

5. M'mabanja ena, cholesterol yayitali ndiosapeweka chifukwa cha matenda obadwa nawo monga achibale hypercholesterolemia. Matendawa amapezeka mwa munthu m'modzi mwa 500 ndipo amatha kuyambitsa matenda a mtima ali aang'ono.

6. Chaka chilichonse padziko lapansi, cholesterol yambiri imayambitsa kufa kwa 2.6 miliyoni.

Cholesterol

7. Ana nawonso ali ndi vuto la cholesterol losakhala bwino. Malinga ndi kafukufukuyu, Njira yolembera mafuta m'thupi m'mitsempha imayamba kuubwana.

8. Akatswiri amalangizi Kwa anthu opitilira 20, yang'anani cholesterol yanu pazaka zisanu zilizonse. Ndibwino kusanthula komwe kumatchedwa "mbiri ya lipoprotein"pambuyo pake muyenera kupewa kudya ndi kumwa kwa maola 9-12 kuti mumve zambiri za cholesterol, LDL, HDL ndi triglycerides.

9. Nthawi zina mutha kudziwa za cholesterol yapamwamba ngakhale popanda mayeso. Ngati muli ndi mzere woyera kuzungulira cornea, ndiye kuti cholesterol yanu ndiyotheka kukwera kwambiri. Mphete yoyera kuzungulira cornea ndi ma bump amafuta owoneka pansi pa khungu la eyel ndi zina mwazizindikiro zakulimbana kwa cholesterol.

10. Mazira ali ndi pafupifupi 180 mg ya cholesterol. - Ichi ndiwokwera kwambiri. Komabe, cholesterol mumazira sikhala ndi mphamvu kwenikweni pamankhwala a cholesterol a LDL.

11. Cholesterol yotsika imathanso kukhala yopanda thanzi.ngati wamtali. Miyezo ya cholesterol pansi pa 160 mg / dl imatha kubweretsa mavuto akulu azaumoyo, kuphatikizapo khansa. Amayi oyembekezera omwe ali ndi cholesterol yotsika amakhala ndi mwayi wopereka nthawi yobereka.

12. Pankhani ya cholesterol yayikulu, pamakhalanso zovuta zina zaumoyo. Kuphatikiza pa vuto la mtima, cholesterol yam'magazi ingayambitse chifukwa cha kulephera kwa impso ku matenda amisempha, matenda a Alzheimer's ndi kusowa kwa erectile.

13. Modabwitsa, cholesterol (yachibadwa) imayang'anira libido yanu. Ndi chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimakhudzidwa ndikupanga mahomoni testosterone, estrogen ndi progesterone.

14. Mkulu kwambiri cholesterol padziko lapansi amawonedwa kumadzulo ndi kumpoto kwa Europe mayiko, monga Norway, Iceland, UK ndi Germany, ndi pafupifupi 215 mg / dl.

Cholesterol mwa amuna ndi akazi

15. Ngakhale abambo amakhala ndi cholesterol yokwanira kuposa azimayi asanakwane mwa akazi, nthawi zambiri amakula pambuyo pa zaka 55 ndikukwera kuposa amuna.

16. Kuphatikiza pa ntchito pamwambapa, cholesterol imathandizanso kuteteza khunguKukhala imodzi mwazinthu zophatikiza mu mafuta kwambiri ndi zina zopangira khungu. Imateteza khungu ku kuwonongeka kwa UV ndipo ndikofunikira popanga vitamini D.

17. Ngakhale kawirikawiri pafupifupi kotala la cholesterol yonse m'thupi lathu limachokera m'zakudya, zimapezeka kuti ngakhale munthu sagwiritsa ntchito cholesterol konse, chiwindi chimatha kupanga cholesterol chofunikira pantchito zathupi.

Cholesterol mu zakudya

18. Zakudya zambiri zamalonda, monga zakudya yokazinga ndi makeke, tchipisi, makeke, ndi makeke omwe amati alibe mafuta a cholesterol, mumakhala mafuta a trans mu mawonekedwe amafuta azitulo a hydrogenated, omwe onjezani "cholesterol yoyipa", ndikuchepetsa "cholesterol yabwino."

19. Mafuta a m'magazi atangoyamba kudziunjikira m'mitsempha, amapita pang'onopang'ono Ikukula kwambiri cholesterol. Ngati muwona momwe mitsempha yolumikizidwa ndi mafuta a cholesterol, mumazindikira kuti ali ngati wokutidwa ndi batala wakuda bii.

Zakudya za cholesterol yapamwamba

20. Kuti mupewe chiopsezo chokhudzana ndi cholesterol yambiri, nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa kusintha zakudya zanu. Muyenera kuwonjezera zakudya zanu zotsitsa mafuta m'thupi, monga masamba, nsomba, oatmeal, walnuts, amondi, mafuta a azitona komanso chokoleti chakuda.

21. Komabe, kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa "cholesterol yoyipa" ndikuwonjezera "cholesterol yabwino" simungangodya bwino. Akatswiri amalimbikitsanso kuchita zolimbitsa thupi kwa mphindi zosachepera 30 patsiku.

22. Amayi oyembekezera amakhala ndi cholesterol yapamwamba mwachilengedwekuposa azimayi ambiri. Pa nthawi yoyembekezera, cholesterol yathunthu ndi LDL cholesterol imafika pazambiri. High cholesterol siyofunikira osati kokha chifukwa cha kubereka, komanso kubereka.

23. Kumbali inayo, mu awiri momwe mwamuna ndi mkazi amakhala ndi cholesterol yayikulu, nthawi zambiri pamakhala zovuta kutenga pakati. Chifukwa chake, okwatirana angafunike nthawi yochulukirapo kuti akhale ndi pakati ngati m'modzi wa omwe ali ndi mnzake ali ndi cholesterol yambiri.

24. Kuphatikiza pazakudya zosapatsa thanzi, kutengera zam'tsogolo, kusachita zolimbitsa thupi, kusuta, kumwa mowa kwambiri komanso kupsinjika zimatha kuyambitsa cholesterol yambiri.

25. Mkaka wa m'mawere uli ndi "cholesterol yambiri" wabwino, ndipo mafuta omwe amakhala mkaka wa m'mawere amatha mosavuta kuyamwa ndi mwana. Mu makanda, cholesterol imathandiza kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda amtima ndipo imathandiza kwambiri pakukula kwa ubongo wa mwana.

Kodi cholesterol ndi chiyani ndipo chifukwa chiyani munthu amafunikira?

Cholesterol (yotchedwanso sterol) ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pantchito yomanga makoma am'nyumba. Zimathandizira kupanga mahomoni ogonana, ndipo zimakhala mwa ife zochepa kwambiri, gawo lina limabwera kwa ife ndi chakudya, ndipo theka limapangidwa ndi chiwindi.

Pali lingaliro la cholesterol labwino, loyipa. Yabwino imatenga nawo ma cell metabolism, imayenda mozungulira kudzera m'matumbo ku ziwalo zonse, osakhazikika pamitsempha yamitsempha. Choyipa chimapangidwa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, timene timatha kukhazikika m'makoma amitsempha yamagazi, kuwatseka, ndikupangitsa atherossteosis, ndipo pambuyo pake kudwala kwamtima. Kuphatikiza kwa choyipa ndi chabwino ndi cholesterol yathunthu, yomwe imazindikira kuchuluka kwa thunthu mu kafukufukuyu.

Kodi cholesterol iyenera kukhala yotani mwa azimayi?

Kukula kwa muyeso wa sterol kwa anthu onse amisinkhu iliyonse, zaka zimasonyezedwa mmol / L. N`zotheka kudziwa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi achikazi posanthula zamankhwala am'magazi, zimasiyana, malinga ndi chizindikiro cha zaka:

• Kwa msungwana wazaka 20, chizindikiro chovomerezeka ndi 3.1-5.17.
• Kuyambira azaka 30, pakati pa 3.32 ndi 5.8.
• Mkazi wazaka 40 akuwonetsedwa kuchokera pa 3.9 mpaka 6.9.
• Pofika zaka 50, chiwerengerochi ndi 4.0-7.3.
• Kwa akazi azaka 60.4-7.7.
• Kuyambira kuyambira zaka 70, chizindikirocho sichiyenera kupitilira 4.48-7.82.

Kusintha kwazomwe zimakwera kumafotokozedwa ndikuti, pakukula, thupi la mkazi limamangidwanso, ndikupanga mahomoni ambiri. Izi zimachitika pakatha zaka 10 zilizonse ndipo zimayamba kuvuta msambo.

Muyezo wa kuchuluka kwa magazi mwa amuna

Mwambo wamwamuna wa cholesterol umayesedwanso mmol / l, uli ndi zotsatirazi, zomwe zimasinthasintha malinga ndi zaka:

• Mnyamata wazaka 20 azikhala ndi vuto la 2.93-5.1.
• Pakufika zaka 30, mulingo wabwinobwino ukusintha: 3.44-6.31.
• Kwa bambo wazaka 40, malire ndi 3.78-7.0.
• Zaka 50 zimapereka kwa 4.04-7.15.
• Atafika zaka 60, mawonekedwe a sterol amamuna ndi 4.04-7.14.
• Munthu wathanzi wazaka zopitilira 60 ayenera kukhala ndi sikelo yoposa 4.0-7.0.

Ziwerengero zachimuna pamatenda am'matenda am'matumbo, ma atherosulinosis, komanso kufinya kwam'mimba ndizambiri kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mawerengero achikazi. Chifukwa chake, bambo ayenera kuyang'anira thanzi lake mosamalitsa.

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'mwazi wa ana

Mwana aliyense amakhala ndi sterol 3mol / l kuyambira pakubadwa. Akamakula, okhwima, chizolowezi cha cholesterol m'magazi a ana sayenera kupitirira 2.4-5.2. Okumala emyaka egisukka okuva emyaka ebiri okutuuka ku 19, abaana bonna ne bakyuka abeera n’omusango wa 4.5 mmol / L. Makolo ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa zakudya za ana awo, momwe angathere kuti athetse kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zoyipa. Pankhani ya kusatsatira izi, izi zimakhala ndi mavuto akulu kuchokera kwa ana.

Kuyesa kwa magazi kwa cholesterol ndi kutsika kwake

Kuti mudziwe ngati muli ndi chiwerengero chovomerezeka cha sterol ndizotheka pongofufuza magazi anu, ndikuwayeza. Pomaliza pamatenda aumoyo wa anthu, amayang'ana zinthu zazikuluzikulu zitatu: cholesterol yathunthu, yabwino, yoyipa. Pa chilichonse mwazisonyezozi, mawonekedwe ake ndi osiyana. Kuyesa kwa magazi kwa cholesterol ndi kutsika kwake

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti nambala yeniyeni ya chizolowezi siziwonetsedwa. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuyang'ana chisonyezo chocheperako komanso chovomerezeka kuti mudziwe kupezeka kwa matenda. Unikaninso zaubwino pazomwe zikuwoneka pansipa.

1. Chizindikiro chovomerezeka cha akazi (mmol / l):

• Sterol yathunthu: 3.6-55, yowonjezera imaganiziridwa kuchokera ku 6.5.
• Zoipa: 3.5, mtengo pamwamba 4.0 umawerengedwa.
• Zabwino: 0.9-1.9, ngati chizindikirochi chili m'munsi mwa 0.78, ndiye kuti chiwopsezo cha atherosulinosis.

2. Chizindikiro chachimuna cha sterol (mmol / l):

• Zambiri: 3.6-55, ndipo zimawonjezedwa kuti zikuchokera ku 6.5.
• Mlingo wa sterol yoyipa uyenera kusintha pakati pa 2.25-4.82.
• Zabwino - pakati pa 0.7 ndi 1.7.

3. Yang'anirani mosamala kuchuluka kwa triglycerides pakuwunika kwa sterol (yemweyo kwa amuna ndi akazi, yoyesedwa mg / dl):

• Zololedwa mpaka mayunitsi 200.
• Mtengo wokwanira uli pakati pa 200 ndi 400.
• Zolemba zokwera zimawerengedwa pamwamba 400 mpaka 1000.
• Kuchuluka kosavomerezeka kudzaposa 1000.

Monga lamulo, labotale lililonse limapereka cholembedwa limodzi ndi kuyesedwa kwa magazi okonzeka. Mwa mayi wapakati, Zizindikiro ndizosiyana pang'ono. Madoterawa amayang'ana kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kuti athetse shuga. Osayesa kudziwa matenda anu nokha, alumikizanani ndi akatswiri, dokotala, sangakuthandizeni kuti mudziwe ngati zonse zili bwino ndi inu, komanso ndikupanga chithandizo choyenera mwanjira ina.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyang'anira thanzi lanu, chifukwa zovuta zonse zomwe zimagwera pamitu yathu zimachokera pazomwe timadya, momwe timakhalira ndi moyo wathu, ngakhale timasewera. Ndi ife tokha omwe timatha kudzithandiza tokha komanso kupewa matenda monga atherosulinosis. Onani kanema yemwe amapereka malangizo ochepa komanso malamulo amomwe mungachepetse sterol:

Kodi cholesterol ndi chiyani?

Choyamba, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti cholesterol si chinthu chomwe chimapangitsa munthu kuvulala kokha. Cholesterol ndi chinthu chachilengedwe m'thupi chomwe chimatenga nawo mbali pamaumboni ambiri. Choyambirira, pamaziko ake pali kuphatikiza kwamahomoni ambiri, makamaka, mahomoni ogonana - testosterone wamwamuna ndi mahomoni achikazi, mahomoni a adrenal - cortisol.

Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti cholesterol ndi zinthu zomanga maselo. Makamaka, ndi gawo la membrane wa maselo. Makamaka ambiri a iwo m'maselo ofiira a m'magazi. Imapezekanso mu ma cell a chiwindi ndi ubongo. Kuphatikiza apo, cholesterol imachita mbali yofunika kwambiri pakukamata, ndikuchita nawo mapangidwe a bile acid. Cholesterol imakhudza kapangidwe ka vitamini D pakhungu ndipo imathandizira kukhalabe ndi chitetezo chokwanira.

Ma cholesterol ambiri mthupi samakhala mwaulere, koma amagwirizanitsidwa ndi mapuloteni apadera - lipoprotein ndi mitundu yama lipoprotein. Mwambiri, kapangidwe ka mankhwala a cholesterol ndichinthu pakati pa mafuta ndi ma alcohols ndipo ndi gawo la mankhwala omwe amapezeka m'mafuta. M'malo ambiri, imakhala yofanana ndi bile. Apa ndipomwe dzina lake limachokera, kutanthauza "bile hard" muchi Greek.

Cholesterol - kuvulaza kapena kupindula?

Chifukwa chake, cholesterol ilibe ntchito yofunikira mthupi. Komabe, kodi iwo amene amati cholesterol si yoyenera? Inde, ndichoncho, ndiye chifukwa chake.

Ma cholesterol onse amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri yayikulu - iyi mkulu osachulukitsa lipoprotein (HDL) kapena otchedwa alpha-cholesterol ndi otsika kachulukidwe lipoproteins (LDL). Mitundu yonse iwiri imakhala ndi magazi ake.

Cholesterol wa mtundu woyamba amatchedwa "wabwino", ndipo wachiwiri - "woipa." Kodi mawu ofananawo ndi otani? Ndi chakuti lipoproteins yotsika kwambiri imayikidwa pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi. Amachokera kwa iwo kuti mapangidwe atherosulinotic amapangidwa, omwe amatha kutseka lumen ya zotengera ndikupangitsa matenda oopsa a mtima monga matenda a mtima, kugunda kwa mtima ndi sitiroko. Komabe, izi zimachitika pokhapokha ngati cholesterol “yoyipa” ilipo kwambiri m'magazi ndipo chizolowezi chake chimaposa. Kuphatikiza apo, HDL ndiyo imachotsa LDL pazombo.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti kugawanika kwa cholesterol kukhala "koyipa" ndi "chabwino" ndikotsutsana. Ngakhale LDL ndiyofunikira kwambiri kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito, ndipo ngati muwachotsa, ndiye kuti sangakhale ndi moyo. Zangokhala zakuti kupyola muyezo wa LDL ndizowopsa kuposa kupitirira HDL. Chofunikanso ndichidutswa mongacholesterol yathunthu - kuchuluka kwa cholesterol komwe mitundu yake yonse imawerengedwa.

Kodi cholesterol imatha bwanji mthupi? Mosiyana ndi zomwe ambiri amakhulupirira, cholesterol yambiri imapangidwa m'chiwindi, ndipo salowa mthupi ndi chakudya. Ngati tilingalira za HDL, ndiye kuti mtundu wamtunduwu wa lipid umapangidwa pafupifupi m'chiwalochi. Ponena za LDL, ndizovuta kwambiri. Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a cholesterol "yoyipa" imapangidwanso m'chiwindi, koma 20-25% imalowa m'thupi kuchokera kunja.Zikuwoneka ngati zazing'ono, koma kwenikweni, ngati munthu ali ndi cholesterol yoyipa yomwe ili pafupi ndi malire, ndipo kuwonjezera pamenepo zambiri zimabwera ndi chakudya, ndipo kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yabwino kumakhala kochepa, izi zitha kuyambitsa mavuto akulu.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti munthu adziwe cholesterol yomwe ali nayo, momwe ayenera kukhalira. Ndipo sikuti ndi cholesterol kwathunthu, HDL ndi LDL. Cholesterol ilinso ndi kachulukidwe kochepa kwambiri kopoproteins (VLDL) ndi triglycerides. Ma VLDL amapangidwa m'matumbo ndipo ali ndi udindo wonyamula mafuta ku chiwindi. Ndizotsatira zam'mbuyomu za LDL. Komabe, kupezeka kwa cholesterol yamtunduwu m'magazi sikungatheke.

Triglycerides ndi ma estor apamwamba mafuta acids ndi glycerol. Ndi amodzi mwa mafutawa omwe amapezeka mthupi, amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukula komanso kukhala gwero lamphamvu. Ngati chiwerengero chawo chikupezeka paliponse, ndiye kuti palibe chodandaula. China chake ndi kuchuluka kwawo. Pankhaniyi, ndizowopsa monga LDL. Kuwonjezeka kwa triglycerides m'magazi kumawonetsa kuti munthu amamwa mphamvu zambiri kuposa kuwotcha. Matendawa amatchedwa metabolic syndrome. Mwanjira imeneyi, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumawonjezeka, kukakamizidwa kumawuka ndipo madongosolo amafuta amawonekera.

Kutsitsa triglycerides kumatha kuphatikizidwa ndi matenda am'mapapo, hyperthyroidism, ndi kuchepa kwa vitamini C. VLDL ndi mtundu wa cholesterol womwe umafunikanso kwambiri. Ma lipids awa amatenganso gawo lina pakubisa kwamitsempha yamagazi, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti kuchuluka kwawo sikupitilira malire okhazikitsidwa.

Cholesterol

Kodi munthu wathanzi ayenera kukhala ndi cholesterol yotani? Pa mtundu uliwonse wa cholesterol m'thupi, chizolowezi chimakhazikitsidwa, zomwe zochulukazo zimakhala ndi zovuta. Pulogalamu yodziwitsa monga atherogenic coefflication imagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Ndiwofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yonse, kupatula HDL, ku HDL yokha. Monga lamulo, gawo ili sayenera kupitirira 3. Ngati chiwerengerochi ndi chachikulu ndikufikira mtengo wa 4, ndiye kuti izi zikutanthauza kuti cholesterol "yoyipa" idzayamba kudziunjikira pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimabweretsa zotsatira zowawa zaumoyo. C cholesterol yonse imakhudzidwanso, zomwe zimasiyana kwa anthu amisinkhu yosiyanasiyana komanso akazi.

Chithunzi: Jarun Ontakrai / Shutterstock.com

Ngati titenga phindu kwa zaka zonse komanso amuna ndi akazi, ndiye kuti cholesterol, yomwe imawonedwa kuti ndi yotetezeka, ndi ya cholesterol yokwanira - 5 mmol / l, ya LDL - 4 mmol / l.

Ndi cholesterol yowonjezereka ndikuzindikira kuthekera kwa matenda amtima, magawo ena azidziwitso amagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro - thyroxine yaulere, cholozera cha prothrombin - gawo lomwe limakhudza kugunda kwa magazi ndi kuwundana kwa magazi, komanso mulingo wa hemoglobin.

Ziwerengero zikuwonetsa kuti 60% ya okalamba ali ndi zomwe zikuwonjezeka za LDL komanso zotsika za HDL.

Komabe, machitidwe, chikhalidwe cha cholesterol m'magazi sichimodzimodzi pamazaka osiyanasiyana, komanso kwa amuna ndi akazi onse. Ndi zaka, nthawi zambiri kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumakwera. Zowona, muukalamba, pambuyo pa m'badwo wina mwa amuna, cholesterol imayamba kutsikanso. Muyezo wa cholesterol yamagazi mwa akazi ndiwopamwamba kuposa amuna. Komabe, kwa akazi, kuyika kwa cholesterol "yoyipa" pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi sikumadziwika bwino. Izi ndichifukwa champhamvu chotchinga cha mahomoni ogonana achikazi.

Mitundu ya cholesterol ya amuna a mibadwo yosiyana

Mitundu ya cholesterol ya akazi amisinkhu yosiyanasiyana

Komanso, azimayi amatha kukomoka pang'ono mu cholesterol yonse panthawi yapakati. Iyi ndi njira yabwinobwino yolumikizidwira kukonzanso kwakumanja kwa mahomoni.

Kuphatikiza apo, matenda ena angayambitse kuchuluka kwa pathological m'magazi a cholesterol. Mwachitsanzo, matendawa amaphatikizapo hypothyroidism. Izi ndichifukwa choti mahomoni a chithokomiro ndi omwe amawongolera kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi, ndipo ngati chithokomiro sichitulutsa mahomoni okwanira, ndiye kuti cholesterol yofunikira m'magazi imaposa.

Komanso, polingalira zotsatira za mayeso a cholesterol, nyengoyo iyenera kukumbukiridwa. Mwa anthu ambiri, kusinthasintha makamaka kumachitika nthawi yozizira. Nthawi yomweyo, cholesterol yathunthu, yomwe ndi yamtengo wapatali, imatha kuwonjezeka ndi ochepa (pafupifupi 2-4%). Cholesterol mwa akazi amathanso kusinthasintha, kutengera gawo la msambo.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuganizira za mafuko kuyenera kuganiziridwanso. Zodziwika, mwachitsanzo, kuti mafuta wamba amafuta a cholesterol ndiokwera kwambiri kwa anthu aku South Asia kuposa azungu.

Komanso, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ndi:

• matenda a chiwindi ndi impso,
• kusayenda kwa bile (cholestasis),
• chifuwa chachikulu,
• Matenda a Girke
• kunenepa
• matenda ashuga
• gout
• uchidakwa
• chibadwire.

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol "yabwino" kumakhudzanso thanzi la munthu. Chizindikiro ichi mwa anthu athanzi chimayenera kukhala 1 mmol / L. Ngati munthu akudwala matenda amtima, ndiye kuti muyezo wa cholesterol wa HDL ndi wapamwamba kwa iye - 1.5 mmol / l.

Ndikofunikanso kuganizira mulingo wa triglycerides. Chikhalidwe cha cholesterol iyi pamaukwati onse ndi 2-2.2 mmol / L. Ngati cholesterol yamtunduwu imakhala yapamwamba kuposa yachilendo, ndiye kuti vutoli liyenera kukonza.

Momwe mungayang'anire cholesterol

Ndikofunikira kuyang'anira nthawi zonse kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kukayezetsa magazi a cholesterol. Nthawi zambiri njirayi imachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu. Maola 12 asanakonzedwe, simuyenera kudya chilichonse, ndipo mumangomwa madzi opanda kanthu. Ngati mankhwala atengedwa omwe amathandizira ku cholesterol, ndiye kuti iyeneranso kutayidwa panthawiyi. Muyeneranso kuonetsetsa kuti nthawi isanadutse mayeso sipakhala kupsinjika kwakuthupi kapena kwamaganizidwe.

Kusanthula kungatengedwe ku chipatala. Magazi okwanira 5 ml amatengedwa kuchokera mu mtsempha. Palinso zida zapadera zomwe zimakulolani kuyeza cholesterol kunyumba. Amakhala ndi zingwe zoyeserera zotayika.

Ndi magulu ati omwe ali pachiwopsezo chomwe amayesa magazi a cholesterol makamaka? Anthu awa akuphatikiza:

• amuna zaka 40
• azimayi atasiya kusamba
• odwala matenda ashuga
• kukhala ndi vuto la mtima kapena stroke,
• onenepa kapena wonenepa kwambiri
• kumakhala moyo wongokhala.
• osuta.

Momwe mungachepetse cholesterol yamagazi?

Momwe mungachepetse cholesterol ya magazi anu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yoyipa sikupitilira zomwe zimachitika? Choyamba, muyenera kuyang'anira zakudya zanu. Ngakhale munthu atakhala ndi cholesterol yabwinobwino, sayenera kunyalanyaza zakudya zoyenera. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudya zakudya zochepa zomwe zimakhala ndi cholesterol "yoyipa". Zakudya zofananira monga izi:

• mafuta a nyama
• mazira
• batala
• wowawasa zonona
• mafuta kanyumba tchizi
• tchizi
• caviar
• buledi wa batala
• mowa

Inde, zoletsa pazakudya ziyenera kukhala zomveka. Kupatula apo, mazira omwewo ndi mkaka zimakhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri othandiza komanso kufufuza zinthu za thupi. Chifukwa chake pang'ono Apa mutha kuyambitsa zokonda zamitundu yochepa yamafuta, mwachitsanzo, malonda amkaka okhala ndi mafuta ochepa. Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa masamba ndi zipatso zazakudya. Ndi bwinonso kupewa zakudya zokazinga. M'malo mwake, mungakonde zakudya zophika ndi zosanja.

Zakudya zoyenera ndizofunikira pakuthandizira kuti pakhale cholesterol yoyipa, koma sizikhala chokhacho. Zotsatira zoyipa za cholesterol sizikhala zolimbitsa thupi. Zapezeka kuti masewera olimbitsa thupi amawotcha cholesterol yabwino "yoyipa". Chifukwa chake, mutatha kudya zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri, tikulimbikitsidwa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Pankhaniyi, kuyenda kosavuta kungakhale kothandiza. Mwa njira, zolimbitsa thupi zimachepetsa cholesterol "yoyipa" chokha, pomwe kuikidwa kwa cholesterol "yabwino" kumawonjezeka.

Kuphatikiza pa njira zachilengedwe zochepetsera cholesterol - zakudya, masewera olimbitsa thupi, dokotala amatha kukupatsani mankhwala apadera kuti muchepetse cholesterol - ma statins. Mfundo zawo zimakhazikika pakuletsa ma enzyme omwe amapanga cholesterol yoyipa ndikuwonjezera kupanga cholesterol yabwino. Komabe, ayenera kumwedwa mosamala, makamaka poti palibe zotsatira zoyipa zingapo komanso kubwanya.

Mankhwala ochepetsa kwambiri mafuta a cholesterol:

• Atorvastatin
• Simvastatin
• Lovostatin,
• Ezetemib
• Nicotinic acid

Gulu lina la mankhwala othandizira cholesterol ndi fibrin. Mfundo ya zochita zawo imakhazikitsidwa ndi kukhathamiritsa kwamafuta mwachindunji m'chiwindi. Komanso, kuti muchepetse cholesterol, mankhwala amaikidwa omwe amakhala ndi mafuta a polyunsaturated acids, mavitamini.

Komabe, mukamamwa mankhwala kuti muchepetse cholesterol yambiri, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti sizichotsa chachikulu chomwe chimapangitsa kuti mafuta azikhala a cholesterol - kunenepa kwambiri, moyo wokhazikika, zizolowezi, matenda ashuga, ndi zina zambiri.

Cholesterol wotsika

Nthawi zina zinthu zotsutsana zimatha kuchitika - kutsitsa cholesterol m'thupi. Izi sizili bwino. Kuperewera kwa cholesterol kumatanthawuza kuti thupi palibe poti lingatenge zinthu kuti lipange mahomoni ndikupanga maselo atsopano. Izi zimakhala zowopsa makamaka kumanjenje ndi ubongo, ndipo zimatha kubweretsa kukhumudwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa kukumbukira. Zinthu zotsatirazi zimatha kuyambitsa cholesterol yocheperako:

• kusala
• cachexia
• malabsorption syndrome,
• hyperthyroidism
• sepsis
• kuwotcha kwakukulu
• matenda oopsa a chiwindi
• sepsis
• chifuwa chachikulu
• mitundu ina ya magazi m'thupi,
• kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo (Mao inhibitors, interferon, estrogens).

Pofuna kuwonjezera cholesterol, zakudya zina zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito. Choyamba, ndi chiwindi, mazira, tchizi, caviar.

Kodi 18 mmol / l amatanthauza chiyani cholesterol?

Cholesterol ndi chinthu chosalowerera ndale. Komabe, pamene chigawochi chimamangirira kumapuloteni, chimayikidwa m'makoma amitsempha, omwe amachititsa kusintha kwa atherosselotic.

Ndi chitukuko cha hypercholesterolemia, ndikofunikira kuganizira kuchuluka kwa triglycerides - mawonekedwe apadera a cholesterol, kuchuluka kwake komwe kumabweretsa kuwoneka kwa pathologies a mtima ndi mtsempha wamagazi.

Kuopsa kwa metabolism yamafuta kumasonyezedwa mumikhalidwe yomwe njira zophatikizana zimapezeka. Makamaka, izi ndi kuwonjezeka kwa LDL komanso kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa triglycerides pakati pa kuchepa kwa HDL - cholesterol yabwino.

Ndi mtengo wa cholesterol wamagulu 18, njirazi mthupi zimawonedwa:

• Makoma a minyewa amakomoka chifukwa chotsatira chinthu ngati mafuta,
• Amachepetsa kwambiri kuyendetsa kwa magazi,
• Njira yofalikira yonse yasokonekera,
• Ntchito ya ziwalo zonse ndi machitidwe ake ikuchepa chifukwa cha kusayenda bwino kwa magazi.

Pozindikira panthawi yayitali kwambiri, ndikotheka kuyimitsa njira za pathological, zomwe zingachepetse chiopsezo chilichonse ku zotsatirapo zochepa. Kuperewera kwa mankhwalawa kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa mtima, chifukwa chotsatira chamkati pamtima, vuto la matenda oopsa, matenda a mtima.

Nthawi zina mapangidwe a atherosselotic mu shuga mellitus amakula kwambiri, chifukwa omwe magazi amapanga. Chovala chamagazi chimalepheretsa kapena kutchinga kuti magazi azituluka.

Zowopsa zomwe zili ndi cholesterol yayitali - kuchokera ku mayunitsi 18, ndi magazi owonongeka.

Chovala chamagazi chimatha kupita kulikonse - ngakhale muubongo. Kenako pamachitika sitiroko, yomwe nthawi zambiri imabweretsa imfa.

Zizindikiro za High Cholesterol

Kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko cha pathological process, zizindikiro sizikupezeka.

Wodwala matenda ashuga sawona kusintha kulikonse pamkhalidwe wake. Mutha kukayikira kuphwanya mafuta kagayidwe kachakudya ngati mwazindikira.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndi matenda ashuga ndikofunikira kupereka magazi a cholesterol kangapo pachaka.

Mafuta a cholesterol a mayunitsi 18 amapitilira kawiri konse, motero, chiopsezo chotenga ma pathologies a mtima ndi mitsempha ya magazi ndi okwera kwambiri. Pakadali pano, pali zinthu zingapo zofunika kuchita kuti kuchepetsa nkhawa.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za hypercholesterolemia zimasiyanitsidwa, zomwe odwala samalabadira, kuwalumikiza ndi mawonekedwe a matenda oyambira - matenda ashuga. Zizindikiro za LDL yayikulu imawonekera kumbuyo kwa zovuta zoyambirira zam'thupi. Izi zikuphatikiza:

1. Ndi chisangalalo, kusapeza bwino mu sternum kumayamba.
2. Kumva kulemera pachifuwa nthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
3. Kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi.
4. Kulankhula momveka bwino. Zizindikiro zikuwonetsa cholesterol plaque mu ziwiya zamiyendo.

Angina amadziwika kwambiri ndi hypercholesterolemia. Kupweteka pachifuwa kumawonedwa ndi chisangalalo, zolimbitsa thupi. Koma ndi mtengo wa mayunitsi 18, kupweteka kumawonetsedwa nthawi zambiri m'malo abata. Zizindikirozi zimachitika chifukwa chopendekera ziwiya zomwe zimachepetsa minofu ya mtima.

Ndi zowonongeka zamatumbo am'munsi, kufooka kapena kupweteka m'miyendo kumamveka mukamayenda, nthawi yolimbitsa thupi. Zizindikiro zowonjezera zimaphatikizapo kuchepa kwa ndende, kuwonongeka kwa kukumbukira.

Zizindikiro zakunja za hypercholesterolemia zimasiyananso. Kutsekeka kwa lipid kungayambitse mapangidwe a xanthomas - neoplasms pakhungu lomwe lili ndi maselo amafuta. Mapangidwe ake ndi chifukwa chakuti gawo la LDL limapukusidwa pakhungu la munthu.

Nthawi zambiri, neoplasms imawoneka pafupi ndi mitsempha yayikulu yamagazi, imakonda kuchuluka ngati kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yoyipa kumachuluka.

Mankhwala a hypercholesterolemia

Cholesterol yamayunitsi 18 ndi yochuluka. Ndi chizindikiro ichi, chithandizo chovuta ndichofunikira, kuphatikizapo zakudya, masewera ndi mankhwala. Kuti achulukitse mulingo, mankhwala ochokera ku gulu la statin amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.

Statins amawoneka ngati zinthu zopangidwa zomwe zimachepetsa kupanga ma enzymes ofunikira pakupanga cholesterol. Kafukufuku wachipatala awonetsa kuti mankhwala amachepetsa LDL ndi 30-35%, pomwe akuwonjeza lipoprotein wokwera kwambiri ndi 40-50%.

Ndalama ndizothandiza. Nthawi zambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kumalimbikitsidwa: Rosuvastatin, Atorvastatin, Simvastatin, Fluvastatin, Lovastatin. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo ndikoyenera kwa cholesterol yamayunitsi 18. Koma ndi matenda ashuga, amaikidwa mosamala, chifukwa mankhwalawa amakhudza njira za metabolic, angayambitse kuchepa kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi.

Zotsatira zina zoyipa ndizophatikiza:

• Asthenic syndrome, kusokonezeka kwa tulo, kupweteka mutu, kusokonezeka m'mimba, kusokoneza kwam'mimba, m'mimba,
• Chizungulire, zotumphukira neuropathy,
• Zovala zotayirira, kukula kwa kapamba kapamba, zotupa,
• Nyamakazi ya mafupa, kupweteka kwa minofu,
• Thupi lawo siligwirizana ndi mawonekedwe a pakhungu (zotupa, kuwotcha, kuyabwa, erythema)
• Kuchepa kwa Erectile mwa amuna, kulemera, kutumphuka.

Ma Statin amatchulidwa pokhapokha atazindikira mozama.Ngati pali kuphwanya kagayidwe ka mafuta, dokotala amawunika zoopsa zonse. Mlingo tikulimbikitsidwa kuganizira za jenda, kulemera, msinkhu wa wodwala. Zindikirani kukhalapo kwa zizolowezi zoyipa, zomwe zilipo somatic pathologies - matenda ashuga, matenda oopsa, hyperthyroidism.

Popereka mankhwala kwa odwala okalamba, muyenera kukumbukira kuti kuphatikiza ndi mankhwala a shuga, gout, matenda oopsa oopsa kumaonjezera ngozi ya myopathy kangapo.

Pozindikira matenda a hypercholesterolemia, nthawi zonse amangoikidwa ndi adokotala, potengera mulingo wa LDL, machitidwe a thupi, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi komanso nthawi ya matenda ashuga. Kuwunikira kwakanthawi kachitidwe ka mankhwala kumachitika - kamodzi pamiyezi iwiri iliyonse.

Kodi cholesterol imauza chiyani katswiri muvidiyoyi.