Mtundu woyamba wa shuga mu ana - zoyambitsa ndi chithandizo

Matenda a shuga 1 amtundu wa ana ndi matenda osachiritsika a autoimmune omwe amapezeka pamene matenda a glucose amalephera. Madzi a insulin, omwe amachititsa kuti shuga amuyidwe, amatulutsa kapamba. Pakulephera kwa chitetezo, maselo a beta amawonongedwa, omwe amayenera kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa glucose, chifukwa, insulin siipangidwa konse kapena yopangidwa yaying'ono. Mkulu wa glucose amakula kwambiri, ndipo izi zimabweretsa zovuta zazikulu.

Matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba ndi omwe amadwala kwambiri ana. Imayamba mosadukiza komanso popanda kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yake komanso yothandiza.

Mawonekedwe a shuga aana

Akuluakulu amatha kudwala matenda amtundu wachiwiri wa shuga, mwa ana nthawi zambiri amapezeka mtundu wa matenda a shuga. Mlingo wa insulini mumtundu woyamba wa shuga ndi wotsika kwambiri, njira yokhayo yosamalira ndi majekeseni.

Ana onse amabadwa ndi kapamba kakang'ono, komwe limachulukana kukula pofika chaka cha khumi cha moyo. Ntchito yayikulu ya thupilo - kapangidwe ka insulin ndi maselo a beta - amapangidwa ali ndi zaka zisanu. Panthawi ya kapamba, njira za metabolic zimachitika kwambiri, ndipo azaka 5 mpaka 11, ana nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zizindikiro za matenda ashuga.

Thupi lomwe likukula limafuna chakudya, motero ana amakonda maswiti kwambiri. Tsiku lililonse, pa kilogalamu iliyonse ya kulemera mwana amafunika kupeza magalamu 10 am'madzi, omwe amaposa zosowa za munthu wamkulu.

Nthano yomwe maswiti ndi ayisikilimu wambiri imayambitsa kukula kwa matenda a shuga ndiyopanda maziko. Mwana wakhama komanso wathanzi amaphatikiza zakudya ndi shuga mosavuta. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, matenda a shuga 1 amawonedwa asanakwane komanso ofooka, achinyamata ndi ana omwe akuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri. Matenda a shuga amatha kudzetsa matenda oyamba ndi mavairasi, ma rubella, komanso mamiseche chofala kwa ana.

Kukula kwa matenda ashuga kumadalira msinkhu - mwana akamakulirakusefukira, matupi ake amakhala akuthwa komanso amatha kuthana ndi mavuto. Matenda a shuga 1 amtundu wa ana amakhala osatheka kuchiritsa, koma mothandizidwa ndi insulin yoyenera komanso moyo wathanzi, kufalikira kwamatenda ang'onoang'ono kumatha kuchepetsedwa.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga kwa ana:

• Khalidweli. Mwana yemwe makolo ake ali ndi matenda a shuga ali pachiwopsezo chotenga vuto lakelo.
• Kuchepetsa chitetezo chokwanira. Ana ofooketsedwa ndi matenda omwe ali nawo pafupipafupi amatha kukhala ndi matenda.
• Kulemera kwakukulu kubadwa. "Olimba mtima" obadwa ndi kulemera zoposa 4.5 kg ali ndi mwayi waukulu wodwala kuposa ana omwe ali ndi thupi lochepa.
• Mavuto a Endocrine Thupi la mwana yemwe ali ndi vuto la kunenepa kwambiri kapena kunenepa kwambiri limasokoneza kapamba.

Zoyambitsa matenda ashuga mwana

Kapangidwe ka matendawa ndi motere: Maselo oteteza chitetezo kulowa mkatikati mwa Langerhans mu kapamba ndikuwakhudza. Zomwe zimayambitsa kukwiya auto sizimamveka bwino, koma maselo omwe amapanga insulin amawonongeka. Njira yopangira ma antibodies ku maselo athanzi m'thupi lanu imatchedwa autoimmune.

Chizolowezi cha matenda oterowa nthawi zambiri chimakhala cholowa. Nthawi zambiri odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1, adrenal ndi chithokomiro amayang'aniridwa panjira, zomwe zimawonetsa chilengedwe.

Mawonekedwe a mtundu wa shuga wa ana mu ana

Zizindikiro za matenda amtundu wa shuga wa ana ndimakulidwe kwambiri kotero kuti nkosatheka kuzizindikira. Mwana amadandaula za kufooka, amakhala ndi chizungulire, pamakhala mavuto ena atatha kudya atangodya. Mphamvu ndi yokwanira, chifukwa thupi limapeza mphamvu, makamaka kuchokera mu glucose, ndipo kwa mantha ndi ubongo ndi "mafuta" okha. Insulin imapangidwa pamene "iphunzira" glucose kuchokera ku zakudya zam'mimba. Mothandizidwa ndi insulin, maselo a ma cell amapita shuga. Ngati zalephera, njirayi imasokonekera, ndipo maselo amataya chakudya.

Shuga yemwe salowa m'maselo amalowa m'magazi ndi mkodzo, ndipo mwana amakula ndi zovuta za matenda ashuga:

• Ludzu Losatha
• Kutopa
• Kuyamwa mwachangu, makamaka usiku
• Kuchepetsa thupi ndi chidwi
• Kubweza
• Kukhazikika kwa khungu ndi mavuto ena a pakhungu, mwachitsanzo, furunculosis
• Kuphunzira koperewera
• Kusakwiya, kusinthasintha
• Atsikana achichepere, thrush (vagidi candidiasis)

Kodi mukufuna chithandizo chamankhwala mwadzidzidzi liti?

Ngati woyamba matenda a shuga ali pachimake, Zizindikiro zake zingakhale zowopsa:

• Kusanza kopweteka
• Matenda obwera chifukwa cha kusowa kwamadzi
• Amapuma pang'ono komanso amapumira mpweya wamphamvu
• Kununkhira kwa acetone mu mpweya wotuluka
• Kutaya chikumbumtima kapena kukomoka ndi kusokoneza malo
• Kuthamanga kwadzidzidzi, cyanosis ya mikono ndi miyendo

Tsoka ilo, matenda ashuga 1 mwa ana nthawi zambiri amayamba ndi mawonekedwe awa omwe amafunikira kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu.

Matenda a shuga Mwana wakhanda

Mu makanda, matenda ashuga ndi osowa kwambiri, ndipo vuto lomwe limapezeka nthawi yake ndikuti mwana sangathe kulankhula za matenda. Zimakhalanso zovuta kudziwa kuti mwana amakodza nthawi zambiri akamakhomeka.

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga kwa ana a chaka chimodzi zimawoneka motere:

• Mwana amene amakhala ndi chidwi chodya thupi salemera
• Zovuta mpaka mutamwa
• Amadwala matenda obanika kutulutsa omwe ndiovuta kuchiritsa
• Zovala zouma zimawoneka kuti zili ndi nyenyezi
• Minyewa ikung'ambika pansi, patebulo kapena pena pake pamasiyapo timata
• M'mawonekedwe owoneka kwambiri mu makanda, kusanza ndi kusowa kwamadzi kumayamba

Matenda a shuga kwa ana azaka 5-10

Mwa ana pakadali pano, mawonetseredwe amtundu wa matenda ashuga 1 nthawi zambiri amakhala owawa. Makolo angachepetse kuwuma kwa vutolo, popeza zizindikilo ndi zofanana ndi matenda ena a mwana. Muyenera kulabadira zotsatirazi za hypoglycemia mwana:

• Kuzunza ndi kusalamulirika,
• Lethargy, kugona, kuphatikiza masana,
• Kukana chakudya, kusanza ku maswiti.

Hypoglycemia yowopsa ndiyowopsa, imakhala yodzala ndikuwonongeka kwa ubongo ndi ziwalo zamkati. Ngati mukukayikira, muyenera kuyeza mulingo wa glucose ndikuchita zoyenera.

Matenda a shuga Achinyamata

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga yaunyamata ndi zofanana ndi akulu. Matendawa samakula mwachangu ngati makanda, nthawi yomalizayi imatha mwezi umodzi mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kapena kupitirira. Madandaulo a kutopa, kupweteka mutu ndi kufooka amawonedwa molakwika ndi makolo ndi madotolo ngati chinthu chogwirizana ndi zaka kapena kutopa kuchokera kuntchito ya sukulu.

• Mu achinyamata omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo omwe alibe, matenda a hypoglycemia samayenda limodzi ndi kukomoka,
• Nthawi ndi nthawi, mumakhala kulakalaka kudya chakudya chokoma,
• Nthawi zambiri khungu limavutika - zithupsa ndi barele sizingathe kuchiritsidwa ndi zomwe zimapangidwira,
• Ndi ketoacidosis (fungo la acetone), pakhoza kukhala nseru, kusanza, ndi kupweteka kwam'mimba.

Zizindikiro za matenda omwe amapezeka kale m'matenda a achinyamata amatha kudziwonetsa ngati ali pachimake, chifukwa insulivityity imachepetsedwa chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mahomoni.

Kusiyanitsa mitundu ya matenda amtundu wa I ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga

Zina zomwe zingayambitse matenda a shuga 1 kwa mwana zimachepetsedwa, koma choyamba muyenera kudziwa ngati pali shuga ya glucose yomwe ili kale ndi mtundu wa shuga.

Yankho lenileni lidzapezedwa pambuyo poti mayeso a labotale opanga ma antibodies kupita ku ma cell a isanger a Langerhans, insulin, etc. Mu mtundu II matenda ashuga, mulingo wa insulin m'magazi otengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu komanso pansi pa carbohydrate katundu ukakwera - mtundu uwu wa matenda umasiyanitsa pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Kuwonekera kwa mtundu 1 ndi matenda ashuga a 2

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga a mtundu wa ana

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga 1 amtundu wa ana chimakhala cholimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi, kusintha kagayidwe kake ndikuwongolera insulin.

Njira zingapo zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi izi:

• Mankhwala a insulin. Kutengera mtunduwu, insulini imayenera kuperekedwa kamodzi kapena kangapo patsiku.
• Zochita zolimbitsa thupi.
• Kusungabe kulemera ngati gawo limodzi mwazinthu zonse.

Endocrinologist amatenga njira yochizira poganizira za mikhalidwe ya mwana, mkhalidwe wake komanso matendawa.

Ana omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga Amakhala ndi ndandanda yosakhala yosiyana ndi ndandanda ya anzawo athanzi. Pakupita milungu ingapo, banjali ndi mwana yemweyo amayamba kuzolowera kuti ayenera kuyeza shuga, kubaya insulin, kusunga diary, komanso kusankha zakudya moyenera. Malamulowa sayenera kuphwanyidwa munthawi iliyonse - kukhala bwino ndi chitukuko cha mwana zimatengera mawonekedwe awo. Njira zimatenga osaposa mphindi 15-20 patsiku, apo ayi mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amakhala nthawi zonse.

Zolinga zazifupi za kuchiza matenda osokoneza bongo kwa ana ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zikukula komanso kusintha, kusintha pakati pa anzawo. Pakapita nthawi, kupewa mavuto.

Jakisoni wa insulin

Njira zina zothandizira jakisoni wa matenda a shuga a mtundu wa I sizikupezeka. Mapiritsi satha ntchito chifukwa ma enzyme omwe amawononga insulin m'mimba.

Pali mitundu ya insulin yomwe imagwira ntchito mwachangu komanso pang'onopang'ono. Ndi mawonekedwe osalala, zotsatira zake zimatenga maola 8 mpaka tsiku. Kugwiritsa ntchito insulin mwachangu kwa maola angapo. Kuti muwongolere shuga, muyenera kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa insulin molingana ndi glucometer komanso kapangidwe kake ka chakudya.

Insulin imalowetsedwa ndi ma syringe ena apadera ndi singano yopyapyala kapena cholembera. Mwana akamadya chakudya chochepa kwambiri, musagwiritse ntchito ma cholembera, chifukwa insulini iyenera kuyamba kuchepetsedwa.

Posachedwa, mapampu a insulini awoneka - zida zazing'ono zokhala ndi chipangizo chamagetsi.

Pampu imamangirizidwa ndi lamba, chubu ndi singano yomata pansi pa khungu pamimba imachokamo. Insulin imabwera m'magawo ang'onoang'ono.

Kupewa

Palibe njira zopewera matenda ashuga mwatsimikiziro, komanso njira zodalirika zothetsera matendawa. Pamene asayansi akuganiza momwe angachiritsire matenda ashuga amtundu 1 mwa ana, makolo ayenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa ngozi zomwe angagwiritse ntchito poyesa chibadwa.

• Ngati pali chifukwa chokhulupirira kuti mwana alandila vuto la matenda ashuga, yesetsani kutalikirana kwa nthawi yayitali miyezi isanu ndi umodzi,
• Ngati mwana ali ndi zizindikiro za matenda ashuga, ndikofunikira kuti mumusamutse ku chakudya chamafuta ochepa chomwe chimateteza maselo a beta kuti asawonongeke.

Ndi matenda omwe apezeka munthawi yake komanso pulogalamu yoyenera yamankhwala, maselo ena a beta amatha kupulumutsidwa.

Zakudya Zabwino Kwambiri Matenda A shuga

Zakudya zomwe zasinthidwa pamodzi ndi zina zimakupatsani shuga wambiri m'magazi, pewani zovuta ndikupeza chikhululukiro chokhazikika.

Zakudya zamafuta ochepa za ana omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 amachepetsa Mlingo wa insulin kangapo. Pachikhalidwe, mankhwala ovomerezeka ali ndi lingaliro lakuti kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu muzakudya kuyenera kufika pa 60% ya zopatsa mphamvu. Koma ndi zakudya zoterezi, hemoglobin imalumphira mosalephera, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuzilimbitsa ndi jakisoni. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa insulin Mlingo, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumasintha kwambiri, ndipo izi zimakwiyitsa mtima. Zakudya zopatsa thanzi zoletsedwa ndi chakudya komanso kuchuluka kwa insulini kumachepetsa kusinthasintha kwa glucose mpaka magawo a 1.0 mmol / L.

Kodi ndizotheka kuchita popanda insulin

Zabodza zokhudzana ndi mankhwala ozizwitsa omwe amachepetsa matenda a shuga, mwatsoka, zilibe umboni. Matenda a Autoimmune ndi osachiritsika ndipo njira yokhayo yodalirika yosungitsira thanzi ndi kudzera jakisoni wa insulin komanso zakudya zama calorie ochepa.

Mpaka pomwe mankhwala a matenda amtundu wa shuga apezeka, gwiritsani ntchito lingaliro lakuti matenda a shuga si matenda, koma njira ya moyo. Matenda a ana omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba amakhala ndi chiyembekezo, kufunikira kuyang'anira zakudya komanso jakisoni wa insulin sikungasokoneze moyo wanu.