Glucose wabwinobwino

Glycemia imayendetsedwa ndi njira zingapo zathupi. Mitsempha ya glucose imasinthira kukhala okwera pambuyo pakumeza, chifukwa cha m'mimba ndi mayamwidwe am'mimba a chakudya chochepa cha m'mimba (otsika maselo am'mimba) kuchokera ku chakudya kapena kuphulika kwa zakudya zina monga ma starches (polysaccharides). Kuchuluka kwa shuga kumachepa chifukwa cha catabolism, makamaka ndi kutentha kochulukirapo, kulimbitsa thupi, kupsinjika.

Njira zina zowongolera glycemia ndi gluconeogeneis ndi glycogenolysis. Gluconeogeneis ndipamene amapanga mamolekyulu a glucose m'chiwindi ndipo mwanjira ina yopanga impso kuchokera ku mamolekyulu a mankhwala ena achilengedwe, mwachitsanzo, amino acid, lactic acid, glycerol. Pa glycogenolysis, glycogen wambiri wa chiwindi ndi minofu yam'mimba imasinthidwa kukhala glucose ndi maunyolo angapo a metabolic.

Glucose owonjezera amasinthidwa kukhala glycogen kapena triglycerides posungira mphamvu. Glucose ndiye gwero lofunikira kwambiri lamphamvu ya metabolic m'maselo ambiri, makamaka ma cell ena (mwachitsanzo, ma neurons ndi ma cell ofiira amwazi), omwe pafupifupi amadalira kwathunthu kuchuluka kwa glucose. Ubongo umafunika glycemia yokhazikika kuti igwire ntchito. Mafuta ambiri a shuga osakwana 3 mmol / L kapena oposa 30 mmol / L angayambitse kusazindikira, kukomoka, komanso kupweteka.

Ma mahomoni angapo amatenga nawo gawo pakukhazikitsa kagayidwe kazakudwala, monga insulin, glucagon (wobisika ndi kapamba), adrenaline (wobisika ndi tiziwalo timene timatulutsa ma adrenal), glucocorticoids ndi mahomoni a steroid (otulutsidwa ndi gonads ndi adrenal gland).

Kuyeza

Muzochita zamankhwala, pali njira ziwiri zodziwira glycemia:

• kudya glycemia - anayeza shuga ndende pambuyo 8 maola kusala
• shuga kulolerana mayeso - katatu muyezo wamagazi shuga ndende ndi mphindi 30 pambuyo chakudya katundu.

Nthawi zina, kuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, komwe nthawi zambiri kumachitika ndi wodwalayo pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer yosunthika, ndikulimbikitsidwa.

Mu matenda angapo komanso mikhalidwe ina, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kuchuluka (shuga mellitus) - matendawa amatchedwa hyperglycemia, kapena kuchepa (mlingo wosankhidwa bwino wa insulin mu shuga mellitus, kudya mosamalitsa, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri) - izi zimatchedwa hypoglycemia.