Matenda a shuga: Zizindikiro, mankhwala, zakudya

Prediabetes ndi chiyani? Ili ndiye malire pakati pa thupi labwino ndi matenda ashuga. Dongosolo la prediabetesic limadziwika chifukwa chakuti kapamba amatulutsa insulin, koma m'miyeso yaying'ono kwambiri.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ofananawo ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2. Ngakhale boma lodzidzimutsali limakhala loopsa, lingathe kuchira.

Kuti munthu akhalenso wathanzi, ayenera kuganizira mozama za moyo wake. Iyi ndi njira yokhayo yobwezeretsanso shuga pamlingo woyenera komanso kupewa matenda ashuga.

Matenda a shuga amatha kuchitika nthawi yomwe minyewa yathupi limayamba kulolera (insensitive) kupita ku insulin. Mlingo wa glucose m'magazi umakwera kuchokera ku izi.

Chimodzi mwazovuta zomwe prediabetes imayambitsa ndi matenda ashuga a shuga. Matendawa amapezeka chifukwa cholephera kuwongolera shuga.

Ngati mankhwala sanayambike munthawi yake, zovuta zina zimayambitsa matenda a shuga a 2. Matenda a shuga amachititsa kuti wodwalayo achulukane:

1. mathero a mitsempha
2. mitsempha yamagazi
3. ziwalo zamawonedwe, etc.

Zofunika! Mu ana, matenda a shuga amapezeka pafupifupi ndi akulu. Zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda oopsa kapena kuchitapo kanthu opereshoni yayikulu.

Zomwe zingayambitse matenda a shuga, zizindikiro za matendawa

Choyamba, anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo ndi omwe amakhala moyo wongokhala ndipo amakhala ndi mavuto onenepa kwambiri. Gulu lachiwiri la anthu ndi omwe ali ndi chikhalidwe chotengera matendawa.

Kuchepa kwa matenda a prediabetes kumachulukirachulukira mwa azimayi omwe adadwala matenda ashuga panthawi yoyembekezera.

Odwala ambiri nthawi zambiri samazindikira mawonetseredwe oyamba omwe amakhala ndi prediabetes, ndipo zizindikilo zina zimatha kupezeka kokha kudzera mu mayeso a labotale, ndikofunikira kuchita mayeso.

Ngati munthu ali ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi zomwe zimafanana ndi prediabetes, muyenera kumayesedwa ndi katswiri:

1. Kunenepa kwambiri.
2. Kuyesedwa kwa shuga si kwachibadwa.
3. Gulu la zaka - zaka zopitilira 45.
4. Mzimayi amadwala matenda ashuga panthawi ya bere.
5. Mkaziyo adapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda otupa a polycystic.
6. Mitundu yambiri ya triglycerides ndi cholesterol imapezeka m'magazi a wodwalayo.

Zizindikiro zina

Munthu akaphwanya kagayidwe kazakudwala, ntchito za mahomoni zimalephera mthupi ndipo kupangika kwa insulin kumachepa. Izi zimatha kubweretsa kusowa tulo.

Khungu loyera komanso kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe.

Mwazi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga umakhala wokulirapo, ndipo kudutsa kwake kudzera m'matumbo ndi ma capillaries ang'onoang'ono kumakhala kovuta. Zotsatira zake, khungu loyenda ndi maonekedwe limawonekera.

M ludzu, kukodza pafupipafupi.

Kuti muchepetse magazi akhungu, thupi limafunikira madzi ambiri. Chifukwa chake, wodwalayo amakhala akuzunzidwa nthawi zonse ndi ludzu. Mwachilengedwe, kumwa madzi ambiri kumapangitsa kuti muzikodza pafupipafupi. Ngati magazi a shuga atsika mpaka 5.6 - 6 mmol / L, vutoli limatha lokha.

Kuchepetsa thupi mwadzidzidzi.

Popeza kuchuluka kwa insulin komwe kumapangidwa kumachepetsedwa, shuga wa m'magazi samatengekeratu ndi minofu. Zotsatira zake, maselo alibe chakudya komanso mphamvu. Chifukwa chake, thupi la wodwalayo limatha msanga ndipo kuchepa kwa thupi kumachitika.

Kutentha ndi usiku kukokana.

Zakudya zopanda thanzi zimakhudza minofu, chifukwa cha izi, kukokana kumachitika. Mkulu shuga wambiri amachititsa kutentha thupi.

Ngakhale kuwonongeka kochepa m'matumbo a bongo kumapangitsa kupweteka mumutu ndi miyendo.

Zofunika! Nditazindikira zizindikiritso zazing'ono za prediabetes, ndikofunikira kuti nthawi yomweyo ndiyambe kulandira chithandizo, ndikuchita monga momwe adanenera dokotala, zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda!

Kuzindikira komanso chithandizo

Kukhalapo kwa prediabetes kumatha kuwonekera ndikutenga magazi kuti awunikidwe. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa glucose kumachitika m'mimba yopanda kanthu m'mawa, pambuyo pake chithandizo.

Ngati mayesowa adawonetsa ochepera 6.1 mmol / l kapena ochepera 110 mg / dl - tikulankhula za kukhalapo kwa prediabetes.

Mankhwalawa atha kukhala motere:

• kudya
• kulimbana ndi kunenepa kwambiri
• zolimbitsa thupi
• kusiya zizolowezi zoipa,

Wodwala amayenera kuwunika tsiku lililonse shuga ndi cholesterol, apa mungagwiritse ntchito glucometer ndi chipangizo choyezera cholesterol, kuyeza kuthamanga kwa magazi, kusunga ndandanda yamaphunziro a thupi.

A endocrinologist, kuphatikiza pa zomwe tatchulazi, atha kukupatsani mankhwala omwe ali ndi mankhwala apadera, mwachitsanzo, metformin.

Kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi asayansi aku America adawonetsa kuti kudya zakudya zoyenera, kudya bwino ndikusintha momwe umakhalira kumathandizira kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda ashuga, nawonso. Popeza kuthekera kwa prediabetes kumachepa.

Chakudya cha matendawa

Zakudya zoyenera ziyenera kuyamba ndikuchepetsa ma servings. CHIKWANGWANI chiyenera kukhala chamagulu ambiri m'zakudya: masamba, zipatso, nyemba, masamba a masamba. Zakudya zopatsa thanzi zomwe zimapangidwa pazinthu izi nthawi zonse zimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pokhudzana ndi matenda monga prediabetes.

Kupatula kuti zinthu izi zimakwaniritsa mwachangu njala, kudzaza m'mimba, zimaperekanso kupewa matenda ashuga.

Kudya wathanzi

• Munthu akuchepetsa thupi mwachangu.
• Magazi a shuga amabwerera mwakale.
• Thupi limadzaza ndi ma macro- ndi ma microelements, mavitamini ndi zinthu zina zopindulitsa.

Kudya moyenera ndi prediabetes kumathandizira kuchedwetsa kapena kuletsa kukula kwa matendawa. Ngati matenda a shuga akupezekabe, wodwalayo ayenera:

1. Kuchepetsa kudya zamafuta kwambiri.
2. Chepetsani kumwa zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi komanso zakudya zina zotsekemera.
3. Chepetsani kudya kwa kalori.

Kufotokozera kwa Pathology

Kodi matenda a prediabetes ndi ati, ndimawu ake komanso momwe mungapewere matenda? Thupi laumunthu litalephera kukhalabe ndi shuga m'magazi, madokotala amayamba kulankhula za prediabetes. Nthawi yomweyo, kapamba amunthu amatulutsa insulin yocheperako, yomwe imakhala ndi shuga wambiri m'magazi. Dzikoli lisanachitike shuga limadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga, koma siwokwera kwambiri polankhula za matenda a shuga.

Anthu omwe ali ndi prediabetes ali pachiwopsezo chokhala ndi matenda a shuga a 2. Matendawa amathandizika, musachite mantha. Komabe, ngati simusamala chifukwa cha izi ndipo simuyamba kulandira chithandizo pa nthawi, nthawi, thanzi lanu limatha kuwonongeka, ndipo matendawa amatenga njira yosasintha.

Gulu lachiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga:

1. Amayi omwe amakhala ndi "matenda ashuga" kapena wokhala ndi mwana wolemera oposa 4 kg. Pankhaniyi, kukula kwa matendawa kumachitika pang'onopang'ono m'moyo.
2. Amayi omwe ali ndi matenda a ovary polycystic.
3. Zaka kuyambira zaka 45 ndi onenepa kwambiri.
4. BMI (index misa yamthupi) ndi 25 kapena kuposerapo, palimodzi ndi zaka zopitirira 45.
5. Kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuyambira 140 mpaka 90 mmHg, ikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha kuwonekera kwa prediabetes.
6. Khalidweli. Ngati achibale adapezeka ndi matenda am'mbuyomu, ndiye kuti atha kutenga matendawa.
7. Oimira mafuko ena, mwachitsanzo, Latinos ndi American America, Asia, amadwala matenda a shuga nthawi zambiri kuposa azungu.

Zizindikiro za prediabetes

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga a 2 mwina siziwoneka kwa nthawi yayitali.Ndipo munthu amene amamva kuti walakwitsa zinazake sangalimbane ndi katswiri kuti adziwe zoyambitsa zake. Nthawi zambiri timati khungu lathu limayambira pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, ngakhale zili choncho lingakhale chizindikiritso cha matenda akulu. Zizindikiro zonse za matendawa zimayamba motsutsana ndi chizindikiritso cha mafuta m'thupi.

Aliyense ayenera kudziwa za zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a matenda a shuga:

1. Kuphwanya njira za kugona. Ndi prediabetes, kagayidwe kagayidwe kachakudya kamasokonekera, kamene kamayambitsa kusagwira bwino ntchito m'thupi la thupi. Nthawi yomweyo, kupanga insulini kumachepetsedwa. Kusintha kumeneku kungayambitse kugona.
2. Kuzindikira khungu, kuyabwa, kunachepetsa maonekedwe. Popeza magazi a wodwala amakhala okwera kwambiri ndi matendawa, magaziwo amakhala amanenepa. Zimadutsa m'matima ndi ma network oopsa kwambiri. Izi sizikwiyitsa pakhungu, komanso maonekedwe a zovuta.
3. Nthawi zonse ludzu, chifukwa - chilimbikitso kupita kuchimbudzi. Kuti muchepetse magazi okwanira, thupi limafuna madzi ambiri, omwe amalumikizidwa ndi chikhumbo chofuna kumwa nthawi zonse. Kumwa madzi ambiri, munthu amayamba kumva kuyamwa pafupipafupi. Chizindikiro ichi chidzazimiririka kuchuluka kwa shuga kukafika pa 5.6-6 mmol / L.
4. Kuchepetsa thupi mwadzidzidzi kumalumikizidwa ndi kutopa. Maselo a insulin amakhala ochepa, glucose samatengeka kwathunthu ndi thupi kuchokera ku magazi, kotero ma cell samalandira mphamvu zokwanira kuti apange chitukuko chathunthu.
5. Matalala, malungo. Zizindikirozi zimawonekera usiku. Popeza thupi limasowa michere, minofu imayamba kuvutika, yomwe imayambitsa kukokana. Kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakwiyitsa munthu.
6. Migraine, kupweteka kwambiri pamakachisi. Mu prediabetesic state, kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi ndi capillaries kumachitika. Ngakhale masinthidwe ang'onoang'ono kwambiri amachititsa kupweteka kwambiri pamutu, kulemera ndi kunjenjemera miyendo.
7. Kukula kwa shuga pambuyo maola awiri mutatha kudya kumawonetsa kuyambika kwa matenda ashuga.

Njira Zodziwitsira

Matenda a shuga amadziwika ndi shuga okwera pang'ono atatha kudya. Kuchulukitsa kwa glucose kumafuna kuwonjezeka kwa insulin, ndipo kuphwanya kwa kapamba sikumakulolani kuti mupange kuchuluka koyenera kwa mahomoni. Pali njira ziwiri zomwe zingapangitse chitukuko cha prediabetes pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso a labotale.

Loyamba limatengera wodwala kutenga njira yapadera yomwe ili ndi 75 g ya shuga. Pambuyo maola ochepa, shuga yamagazi sayenera kupitirira 7.8 mmol / L. Ngati mulingo watsimikiza kupitirira malire a 7.8-11 mmol / l, padzakhala prediabetes. Njira yachiwiri yopezera matendawa ndi kuyeza hemoglobin m'miyezi ingapo. Mlingo wambiri udzachokera pa 5.5-6.1%, chomwe chiri zotsatira zapakati pakati pa odwala matenda ashuga.

Zowopsa

Matenda a shuga amapezeka pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, ndikofunikira kulabadira zizindikiro zochenjeza munthawi yake. Kuwopsa kwa matenda am'mbuyomu mwa anthu:

• zaka zopitilira 45
• onenepa kwambiri
• ndi chibadwa
• ndi zolimbitsa thupi,
• ndi matenda ashuga okhudza azimayi oyembekezera,
• kuyanjana kwambiri ndi Amereka, Amwenye, ndi anthu a Pacific Islands.

Zoyenera kuchita kwa iwo omwe akwaniritsa izi pamwambapa? Ndikofunikira kulabadira madandaulo ena ndikuyang'ana kwa dokotala. Matendawa amathandizidwa mosavuta ndi mankhwala, zakudya zabwino komanso moyo wokangalika.

Matenda a shuga: Zizindikiro

Pali zisonyezo zambiri za matenda ashuga zomwe zimadziwika m'deralo. Pakati pawo, madandaulo a ludzu losatha, kuyabwa pakhungu, komanso kukodza pafupipafupi amadziwika kwambiri. Zizindikiro zochepa ndizoyambira monga:

• kusowa tulo
• kusawona bwino,
• kusokonezeka kwa mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi,
• kuwonda
• kukokana, kutentha thupi,
• kupweteka m'mutu ndi miyendo.

Chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri komanso chachindunji ndi shuga wamwazi. M'mikhalidwe yapita mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, zotsatira za mayeso a labotale zimayambira pa 5.5 mpaka 6.9 mmol / L.

Zoyenera kuchita mukamayandikira sindiye matenda abwino kwambiri - prediabetes? Zizindikiro zikudzipangitsa kale kumva, kufufuza kunatsimikizira mantha. Choyamba muyenera kukhazika mtima, mutha kuthana ndi matenda ashuga. Chithandizo cha zovuta chimayikidwa. Kuphatikiza pazomwe amalangizidwa ndi endocrinologist, onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira moyo wabwino. Ndikofunikira:

• ndodo kapena # 9)
• kuwonjezera zolimbitsa thupi
• lekani zizolowezi zoyipa,
• kuwongolera mphamvu zonse kuti amenyane ndi kunenepa kwambiri.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira zamankhwala ndichakudya choyenera. Chakudya chopatsa thanzi chimatha kubwezeretsa kapamba komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta za prediabetes. Zimangothandiza kuchotsera zizindikiro zosasangalatsa ndikubwezeretsa thanzi.

Zakudya za prediabetes 8

Cholinga cha gulu la anthu omwe akuvutika ndi kunenepa kwambiri, chifukwa cha omwe matenda a prediabetes adayamba. Zizindikiro za matendawa zimachepetsa kukula kwa chiwonetsero ndi kusintha koyenera kwa zakudya. Gome la chithandizo limaphatikizapo kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa chakudya ndi mafuta. Chakudyacho chimakhazikitsidwa ndi zakudya zama calorie ochepa omwe amakhala ndi mavitamini ndi ma enzyme omwe amathandizira kuti metabolism ifulumizike.

Zakudya Zovomerezeka Zakudya No. 8

Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku zimaphatikizapo:

• rye kapena mkate wopindika,
• mkaka ndi mkaka,
• tchizi chamafuta ochepa
• nyama yophika ndi nsomba zamitundu mitundu,
• msuzi wamafuta ochepa pa msuzi wa masamba,
• nguluwe, balere,
• masamba, zipatso zomwe zili ndi shuga wamba,
• zopangidwa ndi mchere.

Zosankha zachitsanzo za prediabetes №8

Ganizirani kwambiri za zakudya zomwezi:

1. Chakudya cham'mawa - dzira, saladi wamasamba mu mafuta a masamba, mkate ndi batala.
2. Chakudya chamasana - chophika (nkhuku, kalulu, ng'ombe), buckwheat, masamba atsopano kapena zipatso.
3. Zakudya zokhazokha - msuzi pa msuzi wa masamba, sauerkraut, nyama yokazinga pang'ono, zipatso, mkate.
4. Chakudya chamadzulo - yophika nsomba yamafuta ochepa, masamba pudding, mkate.
5. Asanagone - kapu ya kefir.

Chakudya chimawerengeredwa ndi gawo la maola 3-4, lomaliza (p. 5) - asanagone.

Zoyenera kudziwa

Njira yosavuta yodziwira vutoli ndiyo kuyesa shuga. Pachifukwa ichi, magazi amatengedwa kuchokera kumunwe, kusanthula kumachitika m'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Nthawi yayitali pakati pa chakudya chomaliza ndi gawo la mayeso iyenera kukhala maola 8.

Ngati kuyezetsa pafupipafupi sikokwanira, kuyesedwa kwa glucose pakamwa kungaperekedwe. Kuti muchite izi, magazi amaperekedwa choyamba pamimba yopanda kanthu, kenako wodwalayo amapatsidwa njira yothetsera shuga, kenako, pambuyo pa maola 2, gawo lachiwiri la magazi limatengedwa. Kutengera zotsatira za mayesowa, malingaliro atha kufotokozedwa za kukhalapo kwa matendawa.

Ngati shuga m'magazi amayenda mofulumira kuyezetsa magazi kuposa 6.1 mmol / L, ichi ndi chizindikiro cha matenda a prediabetes. Ngati pamilingo yolekerera ya glucose mulingo wocheperako kapena wofanana ndi 7.8 mmol / L ndi zoposa 11.1 mmol / L, izi zikuwonetsanso kuphwanya.

Zakudya tebulo nambala 9

Zakudya za Pevzner zimapangidwira makamaka odwala matenda ashuga komanso odwala matendawa. Ndiwosasunthika kuposa mndandanda 8, chifukwa sikuti cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa wodwala. Kukhazikitsa chakudya chamafuta ndi mafuta, tebulo lazakudya la 9 limasintha mkhalidwe wa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo a prediabetes ndi mtundu II. Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya glucose ndikofunikira mu chithandizo. Zosankhazo zili ndi kuchuluka kokwanira kwa zinthu zovomerezeka. Ngati mukufuna, mutha kupanga chakudya chokoma komanso chopatsa thanzi.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kumwa pafupifupi malita awiri a mchere kapena madzi oyeretsedwa patsiku, osagwiritsa ntchito zakumwa zina. Chakudya chizikhala cha pafupipafupi, koma osakhutiritsa kwambiri: kudya kwambiri ndi kowopsa.Njira yabwino yokwaniritsira ndimenyedwe ndikudya chipatso kapena masamba.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo?

Lingaliro la prediabetes limatanthawuza mkhalidwe wa thupi la munthu momwe kusokonezeka kwa metabolic kumawonekera, shuga ndi magawo angapo kuchokera pazomwezo, komabe, kudumphira kwakukulu kuzidziwitso sikupezeka - kutanthauza kuti 2 mtundu wa shuga sukupezeka.

Yang'anani! Nthawi ina kale, kusintha koteroko kunatchulidwa kuti gawo la matenda ashuga, koma patapita zaka adadzipatsa dzina.

Ndizovuta kwambiri kuzindikira kuwonekera kwa matenda omwe ali pachiwonetsero choyambirira, nthawi zina ndizosatheka, komabe, pali njira zomwe zingathandize kutsimikizira kuyambika kwa kuphwanya malamulo.

Njira zosavuta kwambiri komanso zofala kwambiri zowerengetsera labotale zimakambidwa pagome:

Muyeneranso kudziwa kuti odwala azaka zopitilira 45 omwe ali ndi chiyembekezo chakukula kwa matenda ashuga ayenera kumayesedwa kamodzi pachaka.

Anthu omwe ali ndi kulemera kwakanthawi kokwanira zaka zopitilira 45 ayenera kumawunikidwa nthawi imodzi mchaka zitatu. Anthu omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chotenga matenda ashuga osakwana zaka 45 - chaka chilichonse.

Yang'anani! Kuwonetsedwa kwa chizindikiritso cha mawonekedwe ammimba osakwanira ndi chifukwa chochezera mwadzidzidzi kwa katswiri ndikutenga kusanthula kwa labotale m'njira yosakonzekera.

Mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zimakweza chiopsezo chophwanya malamulo zimaphatikizapo:

• kuthamanga kwa magazi, komwe zizindikiro zimakonda kupitilira 140/90, ndiye kuti, matenda oopsa a gawo lachiwiri,
• kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi,
• achibale apafupi a mzere woyamba, wodwala matenda ashuga,
• kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga okakamiza mwa mkazi nthawi iliyonse yapakati,
• kulemera kwakukulu
• kusowa zolimbitsa thupi,
• hypoglycemia ndi njala,
• kumwa mankhwala kwanthawi yayitali,
• kumwa khofi ndi tiyi wowonjezera pamiyeso yoposa 600 ml patsiku,
• mawonekedwe a zotupa pakhungu.

Matendawa ndi matenda ashuga

Atherossteosis ndi mawonekedwe okhazikika a makhoma amitsempha pomwe kutsekeka kwa lumen kwa ziwiya ndi cholesterol "zolembera" kumachitika. Choyamba, mapangidwe a zolembedwazo zimachitika, ndiye kuti minye yolumikizana nayo imakula ndipo mawonekedwe onse am'madzi atsekeke pang'onopang'ono.
Atherosulinosis imayamba chifukwa cha cholesterol yowonjezereka, yomwe imakwera chifukwa cha zovuta zam'magazi a lipid.

Mawonekedwe Ozindikira

Posankha Zizindikiro zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a prediabetes, kapena poyerekeza ndi gulu lowopsa, wodwalayo ayenera kufunsa dokotala. Dokotalayo adzapatsa wodwalayo mwayi woti amutulutsire mayeso kuti atsimikizire kapena kukana zokayikira.

Yang'anani! Wodwala ayenera ayambe ayesedwa kuti asalole shuga. Njirayi imafunikira magazi akusala kudya.

Ndikofunika kuyang'anira kuti wodwalayo asamaperekedwe pasanathe maola 10 chakudya chatha.Wodwala atatha kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya glucose, miyeso ina 2 imatengedwa - ola limodzi pambuyo pa utsogoleri ndi maola awiri pambuyo pake.

Ndi mwayi wambiri, zinthu zotsatirazi zimatha kupotoza zotsatira zoyesa:

1. Malangizowo akutsimikizira kuti wodwalayo asiye chilichonse chokhudza thupi tsiku lisanafike mayeso.
2. Ndikofunikanso kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa zinthu zama psychoemotional.
3. Panthawi yoyesedwa, wodwalayo ayenera kukhala wathanzi: kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kutentha kwa thupi kuyenera kukhala kupyola malire.
4. Osasuta patsiku loyesedwa.

Kanema yemwe ali munkhaniyi azithandiza owerenga kudziwa zomwe azindikire. Mtengo wowunika kwathunthu ungasiyane pang'ono kutengera kuchipatala komwe wodwala wakupatsani.

Zifukwa zoyambitsa milandu

Anthu ambiri amavomereza kuti anthu onenepa kwambiri amene amakhala ndi moyo wopanda chikondi amakhala pachiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga. Komabe, kuweruza koteroko sikolakwika, chifukwa chachikulu ndikuyankha kwa thupi ku insulin.

Poterepa, ndizosatheka kukwaniritsa mulingo woyenera wa glucose m'thupi. Zakudya zomanga thupi zopakidwa ndi chakudya zimasinthidwa kukhala shuga, ndipo glucose amalowa m'maselo monga mphamvu. Ngati maselo a thupi samalabadira kutengera kwa insulin, sangathe kulandira shuga.

Gulu lamavuto limaphatikizapo:

• odwala omwe shuga ya magazi amasinthasintha,
• anthu onenepa
• odwala azaka zopitilira 45-50,
• azimayi omwe ali ndi ovary ya polycystic,
• odwala omwe amakhala ndi cholesterol yambiri pamagazi.

Kodi matenda a prediabetes angachiritsidwe?

Chithandizo cha prediabetes chimakhala makamaka mu kudziletsa kwa wodwalayo komanso kuthekera kwake kusankha bwino.

Pa gawo loyambirira la matendawa, mukuyenera kubwereza mzere wamoyo wanu wachizolowezi:

• siyiranipo chisangalalo cha chikonga,
• kupatula kumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa,
• sinthani mndandanda wamasiku onse

Yang'anani! Wodwala ayenera kupanga chisankho chomwe chimakonzekeratu tsogolo lake - moyo wabwinobwino kutsatira malamulo a moyo wathanzi komanso moyo wautali, kapena kutsatira motsatira malamulo opulumuka ndi matenda ashuga.

Ndikofunika kulabadira kuti kuchepa thupi kwa 6-7% ya thupi lonse kunenepa kwambiri kumachepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi shuga ndi 50%.

Momwe mungapewere kukula kwa matenda ashuga

Ngati pakuwunika, wodwalayo anawulula zakusokonekera kwa glucose, muyenera kufunsa thandizo la endocrinologist. Katswiriyu athandizira kuzindikira njira zabwino zoyeserera, kulola kukhazikitsa kuthekera kwa kuwonekera kwa shuga posachedwa.

Kutengera ndi zomwe zapezedwa, mtundu wa mankhwala ukhazikitsidwa, womwe umaphatikizapo njira zingapo:

• zolimbitsa thupi
• kudya
• mankhwala a prediabetes.

Masewera ndi zakudya ndiye maziko a zamankhwala, koma ndizotheka kuchita popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ngati zizindikiro sizoyipa.

Matenda Odwala

Kudya kwa prediabetes kumatanthauza kutsatira malamulo otsatirawa:

1. Kukana chakudya, komwe kumakhala chakudya cham'mimba. Izi zimaphatikizapo zinthu zophika buledi, maswiti osiyanasiyana komanso mchere.
2. Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kumwa kwa mbewu zonse, mbatata, kaloti.
3. Mafuta a nyama zoyambira sayenera kuperekedwa kuchakudya.
4. Nyemba, mphodza ndi nyemba zina ziyenera kuphatikizidwa muzakudya.
5. Kukana mowa kwathunthu panthawi yobwezeretsa ndikutsatira malamulo okhwima m'miyoyo yotsatira ndikusonyezedwa.
6. Kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito patsiku sikuyenera kupitirira 1500.
7. Amawonetsa chakudya chamagulu. Voliyumu yonse iyenera kugawidwa m'njira zisanu ndi imodzi.

Pazakudya wodwala ayenera kukhala:

• Masamba atsopano ndi zipatso
• nsomba zam'madzi zamafuta ochepa ndi nsomba zam'madzi,
• chimanga
• zonunkhira zokonda kwambiri, sinamoni, nutmeg,
• ng'ombe ndi nkhuku (kupatula bakha),
• mafuta amkaka ambiri,
• zoyera.

Odwala ayenera kulabadira kuti zakudya zoterezi sizingathandize kukhazikitsa shuga, komanso kuonetsetsa kuti mitsempha yoyenga ndi magazi.

Kuyang'aniridwanso kuyenera kuthandizidwa kuti zakudya zokhala ndi prediabetes ziyenera kupangidwa ndi katswiri - malangizo oyambira okha ndi omwe alembedwa. Tisaiwale kuti anthu omwe akudwala matenda oopsa, zilonda zam'mimba, chiwindi ndi matenda a impso ayenera kusamala kwambiri ndi zakudya. Kutembenukira kuchipatala kudzakuthandizani kupewa ngozi yamavuto.

Kuchita zinthu zolimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi kumathandizira kuchepetsa kunenepa komanso kusintha ntchito yofunika kwambiri yokhudza thupi.

Yang'anani! Tiyenera kudziwa kuti pakuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumachepa msanga shuga - amamwetsa. Komabe, masewera ayenera chizolowezi.

Ndikofunika kulabadira masewera otsatirawa:

• kuthamanga
• kuyendetsa njinga
• kuvina
• tennis
• kusambira
• Kuyenda kwa Nordic
• amayenda.

Umboni! Zochita zilizonse zolimbitsa thupi ndizothandiza, ndiye kuti, usiku womwe umakhala pamaso pa TV umaletsedwa. Ndikwabwino kutaya nthawi ndi phindu, pitani ku malo ogulitsira omwe amakhala kutali ndi nyumba kuti mugule zinthu zathanzi.

Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi prediabetes amadandaula za kusowa tulo - vutoli limazimiririka atatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Zotsatira zake sizitali.

Kuyang'anira malamulo osamala ndi ntchito yayikulu ya wodwala. Katundu azinyamula pang'onopang'ono. Thupi sayenera kutopa kwambiri. Ngati ndi kotheka, dongosolo la phunziroli liyenera kukambirana ndi adotolo, ndipo endocrinologist yemwe akudziwa mwatsatanetsatane matendawa athe kufunsa za nkhaniyi.

Nthawi zambiri, kusintha moyo wanu ndikokwanira kuti muthe kuchira matenda ashuga. Nthawi zambiri, akatswiri amayesera kuti asagwiritsenso ntchito mankhwalawa, chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa zotsutsana zambiri.

Funso kwa adotolo

Masana abwino Ndikufuna kufunsa funso ngati ili, kodi kusala kudya magazi 6,8 mmol / L prediabetes? Zowopsa zanga zili bwanji? Ndimanenepa kwambiri (ndi kutalika kwa 174, kulemera -83 kg), koma nthawi zonse ndinali odzaza. Sindikumva zilizonse zomwe zikufotokozedwa, ndikumva bwino.

Masana abwino, Tatyana. Ngati simukumva chilichonse, ndikukupemphani kuti mubwereze kusantaku, mwina kulakwitsa kunachitika? Zachidziwikire, izi sizichitika kawirikawiri m'mabara. Ndikukulangizani kuti mugwiritse ntchito panokha kuti musamakayikire zotsatira zake. Sindingachitire mwina koma kuzindikira kukhalapo kwa kuchuluka kwambiri kwa inu. Chonde funsani za akatswiri azakudya ndikuwona zomwe zingakhale zolimbitsa thupi. Choyamba, ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi thanzi.

Moni. Agogo anga aakazi ndi odwala matenda ashuga, amayi anga ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndipo tsopano ndili ndi prediabetes. Kuthamanga shuga m'magazi - 6.5. Kodi pali mwayi uliwonse wounika?

Moni, Lyudmila. Ponya cholowa - ndi amene amakutchinjiriza kuti ukhale bwino. Kodi chizindikirochi chimagwira nthawi yayitali bwanji? Tsatirani malamulo a moyo wathanzi, sankhani chiwembu chochita zolimbitsa thupi, kulimbikira mulimonsemo kumabweretsa zotsatira zabwino.

Moni. Kodi ndizotheka kuchotsa prediabetes popanda zakudya?

Masana abwino Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kumadzetsa zotsatirapo zabwino, koma kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito zakudya kumachepetsedwa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati milandu ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mankhwalawa, makonda ayenera kupatsidwa njirayi. Mankhwala ali ndi zotsutsana zosiyanasiyana; motsutsana ndi komwe pakubwera mankhwala, shuga amathanso kudumpha.

Matenda a shuga ndi vuto limodzi ndi kulolerana kwa shuga. Zotsatira zake, mahomoni ochepetsa shuga (insulin) samatulutsidwa ndi kapamba pazoyenera.Ndi matenda awa, nthawi zonse pamakhala chiopsezo chakuti anthu odwala matenda ashuga atha kudwala matenda ashuga a 2. Komabe, mantha sakhala oyenera, amathandizika. Kodi ayenera kuchita chiyani?

Gulu lowopsa la prediabetes limaphatikizapo anthu omwe amakumana ndi magawo angapo.

• Amayi omwe abereka mwana wolemera oposa 3.5 kg. Komanso, omwe apezeka ndi matenda ashuga gestational panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati amatha kutenga matendawa.
• Anthu omwe achibale awo amadwala matenda ashuga a 2 mtundu.
• Amayi omwe ali ndi polycystic ovary syndrome.
• Kukhala ndi moyo wosachita zambiri.
• Anthu okalamba. Izi ndichifukwa choti pazaka zambiri, mphamvu ya thupi pokonza shuga imachepa.
• Achimereka aku Africa, Hispanics, Amwenye, ndi Pacific Islanders. Oyimira anthuwa akhoza kutenga matenda ashuga.
• Anthu omwe ali ndi cholesterol yotsika kwambiri.

Vuto limodzi lofanana la prediabetes limanenepa kwambiri kapena kunenepa kwambiri, makamaka m'mimba. Monga momwe masewera amasonyezera, kuti musinthe thanzi lanu, muyenera kutaya misa ya 10-15%.

Ochenjera makamaka ayenera kukhala ndi omwe ali ndi vuto la kuthamanga magazi. Ngati kuthamanga kwa magazi kukupitilira 140/90, ndikulimbikitsidwa kupimidwa magazi pafupipafupi.

Mwanayo amathanso kuwonetsa prediabetes. Izi ndizotsatira za opaleshoni yayikulu kapena matenda akulu.

Zizindikiro za prediabetes mwa akazi komanso mwa amuna sizimasiyana. Mu ana, matendawa amawonekera chimodzimodzi ndi akulu. Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino za matenda ndi kusowa tulo. Vutoli limachitika pamene chida cha pancreatic chikucheperachepera, malfunction mkati mwa shuga kagayidwe komanso kuchepa kwa kupanga kwa insulin.

Ndi kuchuluka kwa glucose, magazi amakhala amanenepa. Kuti lizipaka, thupi limafunikanso madzi ena ambiri. Pali malingaliro akumva ludzu losatha, kukakamiza pafupipafupi kukodza.

Zizindikiro za prediabetes zimaphatikizapo ludzu, kukodza pafupipafupi, kugona tulo, kuchepa thupi, kuyabwa khungu, mutu.

Chizindikiro chotsatira cha prediabetes ndimanenepa kwambiri opanda pake. Ndi zovuta zopanga insulin, shuga amadziunjikira m'magazi. Komabe, salowa m'maselo a minyewa. Izi zimabweretsa kuchepa thupi komanso kusowa mphamvu.

Chifukwa cha kukula kwa magazi, imadutsa moyipitsitsa kudzera m'makutu ndi ziwiya zazing'ono. Izi zimapangitsa kuti magazi asamayende bwino. Zotsatira zake, kuyabwa kwa khungu, kupweteka mutu, migraines kumachitika, ndipo masinthidwe akuwonongeka. Nthawi yomweyo, michere yolowera minofu imasokonekera. Izi zimakwiyitsa minofu.

Zina mwazinthu zochepa zomwe zimatchulidwa kuti prediabetes ndizotopa kwambiri komanso kusakwiya. Ngakhale amadya moyenera, wodwalayo amavutika nthawi zonse ndi nkhawa.

Mwa ana, zizindikilo zimafanana ndi akulu.

Zizindikiro

Kuti mudziwe matenda am'mbuyomu, mitundu iwiri ya maphunziro imachitika: kuyezetsa magazi kosalekeza komanso kuyeserera kulekerera kwa glucose.

Pa mayeso achiwiri, shuga amamuyeza woyamba pamimba yopanda kanthu. Kenako wodwalayo amapatsidwa chakumwa chomwe chili ndi shuga wambiri. Pambuyo maola 2, msuzi wa shuga umatsimikizidwanso.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga pamimba yopanda kanthu maola 8 mutatha kufa ndi njala. Nthawi yoyenera kwambiri kufufuza ndi m'mawa mutangodzuka. Chifukwa chake wodwala amakhala wosavuta kupirira kukana chakudya.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a prediabetes

Mwa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a prediabetes, Metformin yadzitsimikizira mu Mlingo wa 850 kapena 1000. Ndi mankhwala a hypoglycemic omwe amatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga wopangidwa ndi thupi ndikuchotsa kulolera kwa glucose. Zina mwanjira zake ndizothandiza: Glucofage, Metformin-BMS, Glycomet, Metfogamma.

Kumayambiriro kwa chithandizo, wodwalayo amapatsidwa mankhwala a 1000 mg patsiku. Kutalika kwa maphunzirowa ndi milungu iwiri.Kenako mlingo wa mankhwalawo ukhoza kuchuluka. Mitengo yake yokwanira ndi 3000 mg patsiku. Kuti muwonetsetse kuti thupi limagwirizana mwachangu ndi momwe mankhwalawo amathandizira, madokotala amalimbikitsa kugawa Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku mu 2-3.

Kutengera mankhwalawa ndikugwiritsa ntchito moyenera, mankhwalawa samayambitsa zovuta zina. Komabe, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo kumangokhala ndi zotsutsana:

• hepatic, adrenal ndi aimpso kulephera,
• kusalolera kwa zigawo za boma,
• nthawi ya pakati komanso yoyamwitsa,
• othandizira opaleshoni
• matenda opatsirana
• uchidakwa wambiri,
• precomatose boma ndi lactic acidosis.

Thupi likazolowera Metformin, wodwalayo amatha kudandaula chifukwa cha kudzimbidwa. Pambuyo pa masabata 1-2, izi sizidzachitika zokha. Nthawi zina, pali zizindikiro za kusowa madzi m'thupi, phazi la matenda ashuga ndi hypoxia.

Zakudya za prediabetes ndichimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri pakuchira. Malangizo oyamba a endocrinologists ndi akatswiri azakudya zamagulu ndikuchepetsa. Ndi bwino kudya nthawi zambiri, mpaka katatu pa tsiku. Komanso musataye zakudya zamafuta ochepa komanso mafuta ochulukirapo. Chotsani kuphika, makeke, makeke ndi makeke kuzakudya. Ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kuti kudumpha mumlingo wa glucose m'thupi kumachitika. Ndi kagayidwe kosokonekera ka chakudya, shuga amadziunjikira m'magazi ndipo simalowa m'matumbo.

Mndandanda wazinthu zololedwa ndi zokulirapo. Ngati prediabetes tikulimbikitsidwa kutsatira mfundo zotsatirazi za zakudya.

• Mumakonda zakudya zamafuta ochepa wokhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic komanso fiber yambiri.
• Yang'anani kudya kwa kalori. Yang'anani pa mtundu wa chakudya: thupi liyenera kulandira mapuloteni, mafuta ndi michere yambiri.
• Onjezerani kumwa kwamadzi oyera. Kumbukirani: zakumwa zozizilitsa kukhosi sizipindulitsa.
• Idyani zitsamba zambiri, bowa ndi masamba.
• Chepetsani zakudya zanu ndi zakudya zamafuta owola kwambiri (mpunga woyera, mbatata).
• Mbale zothira, kuphika ndi kuphika.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi

Chofunikira pakuchiza matenda a prediabetes ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi. Masewera ophatikizidwa ndi zakudya amapereka zotsatira zabwino. Katundu pa thupi, tiyeni pang'ono ndi pang'ono. Ndikofunikira kukwaniritsa kukula kochitika pamlingo wamtima.

Sankhani mtundu wa katundu nokha, potsatira zomwe mukufuna. Ikhoza kukhala makalasi opezeka olimbitsa thupi, oyenda mwachangu, tennis, volleyball, kuthamanga kapena kuyenda kwa Nordic. Kuti mukhale wathanzi, muyenera kulimbitsa thupi kwa mphindi 30, sabata - osachepera 5 maphunziro.

Mukamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso pambuyo pake, shuga amasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu. Minofu imatenga bwino insulini, motero mwayi wokhala ndi matenda a shuga umachepa.

Zithandizo za anthu

Mankhwala okonzekera molingana ndi maphikidwe a mankhwala achikhalidwe sangachiritse prediabetes. Komabe, adzathandizira kutsitsa shuga komanso kulimbitsa chitetezo chamthupi. Mosiyana ndi mankhwala, mankhwala achilengedwe samachititsanso kuti pakhale zovuta. Koma nthawi zina pamakhala chidwi chowonjezeka cha zinthu zomwe zimapezeka muzomera.

Idyani chakudya chambiri nthawi zonse. Pogaya grits kudzera mu chopukusira cha khofi kuti mukonze mbale. Thirani ufa wa chimangacho ndi kefir (pamlingo wa 2 tbsp. Buckwheat pa chikho chilichonse cha zakumwa) ndipo muchokepo usiku. Gwiritsani ntchito osakaniza m'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Ndi prediabetes, kulowetsedwa kwa elecampane rhizomes, masamba a currant ndi blueberries adzapindula. Thirani zinthu zosaphika ndi madzi otentha (1 tbsp. Kapu imodzi yamadzi). Tizilitsa kulowetsedwa ndi kumwa 50 ml tsiku lililonse. Mutha kusiya kulandira chithandizo mukangomva bwino.

Chofunikanso chimodzimodzi ndi decoction ya flaxseed. Pukutani pa zopangira khofi. Thirani ufa ndi madzi (1 tbsp. Kapu imodzi yamadzi) ndi kuwira kwa mphindi 5. Imwani pamimba yopanda kanthu asanadye chakudya cham'mawa.

Zomera zambiri zimakhala ndi zinthu zotsitsa shuga, kuphatikiza nyemba za nyemba, mabulosi am'madzi, zipatso ndi masamba a masamba wamba, mabulosi amtundu wa currant ndi mtedza, wort wa St. Ikani mawonekedwe mwanjira ya decoctions, tiyi kapena infusions. Muli zinthu zambiri zofunika kuti thupi lofooka.

Matenda a shuga ndi omwe matenda a shuga amawonjezeka kwambiri kuposa abwinobwino, koma siwokwera kwambiri ngati matenda ashuga 2. Matendawa amatha kuchitika mwa munthu wamkulu komanso mwana. Choopsa chachikulu ndikuti popanda madokotala oyenerera, odwala matenda ashuga asinthe mosavuta matenda ashuga, komanso amakumana ndi zovuta komanso zovuta zingapo. Tisanayankhe funso ngati matenda a prediabetes angachiritsidwe, ziyenera kudziwika kuti izi zimangotengera mawonekedwe amunthu komanso munthu payekha. Muyenera kuyamba kuchiza matenda a prediabetes mukangoyamba kuwonekera.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a prediabetes sizikudziwika. Gulu lamavuto limaphatikizapo anthu omwe:

• pali kunenepa kwambiri, komwe kumawonekera chifukwa chodya kwambiri kudya komanso kukhala phee.
• pali chibadwa. Pambuyo pa kafukufuku wambiri, zidapezeka kuti anthu omwe ali ndi munthu wodwala matenda ashuga m'mabanja mwawo amatha kukhala ndi prediabetes,
• panali zovuta panthawi yapakati. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika mochedwa kapena mwana wamkulu,
• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• cholesterol yotsika
• kale anali ndi matenda ashuga
• Pali matenda osiyanasiyana amtundu wa endocrine omwe amatsogolera kusintha kwa ma Horona, zovuta zama metabolic ndi matenda ena am'matumbo athunthu kapena mtima dongosolo. Mwa akazi, prediabetes imatha kuyambitsa matenda osunga mazira.

Komanso, msinkhu komanso jini ya munthu imakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri. Zatsimikiziridwa kuti prediabetes ndi matenda a shuga amatha kwambiri azimayi omwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira 45.

Mu ana, matendawa amapezeka ngati vuto pambuyo pa matenda opatsirana oyambitsidwa kapena kuchitapo opaleshoni. Ichi ndichifukwa chake muyenera kusamala makamaka za momwe mwana aliri musanadutsetse ntchito ndipo nthawi zambiri muyeze kuti shuga la magazi ndi chiyani.

Zoyambitsa atherosulinosis:

Palibe lingaliro lenileni la kupezeka kwa atherosulinosis, zifukwa zingapo zotchulidwa zimadziwika:

• - kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mahomoni ogonana (gonadotropic) ndi mahomoni a adrenocorticotropic,
• - chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa thupi ndi ma virus (ma virus a herpes), kuwonongeka kwa maselo amkati mwa mitsempha yamagazi - endothelium,

Matenda a mtima

Matenda a mtima kapena matenda a mtima - chotupa cha mtima chomwe chimayamba chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa magazi m'mitsempha yama coronary.

Matenda a mtima a Coronary (CHD) nthawi zambiri amakhudza odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. IHD mwa odwala matenda ashuga ndiwofalikira katatu kuposa anthu omwe alibe shuga. Izi ndichifukwa choti kuphatikiza pazomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa matenda amtima wama coroni mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, palinso zina zomwe zimadziwika ndi zovuta za matenda ashuga palokha.
CHD ndiyomwe imapangitsa imfa mu 75% ya odwala matenda ashuga.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, kukula kwa IHD kumakhala ndi zochitika zina:
(zina ...)

Kusagonana

Mu shuga mellitus, mu shuga wosakhwima, zosagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana zamagulu ndi ziwalo zimawonedwa, kuphatikiza pakugonana. Izi zimachitika kwa onse amuna ndi akazi.
Mavuto azokhudza kugonana pakati pa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo amayamba chifukwa cha:
kuzungulira kwa ziwalo zam'mimba, pamenepa, ziwalo zam'mimba, chifukwa cha kukula kwa macro- ndi microangiopathy,

• kusokonezeka kwamatsenga kumatha kwa mitsempha chifukwa cha chitukuko cha neuropathy,
• kukula kwa kutupa kwa genitourinary dongosolo, microflora zosokoneza, kukula kwa matenda a mafangasi.

High cholesterol ndi shuga

Nthawi zambiri, anthu ambiri sazindikira zizindikiro za prediabetes, kapena samawalabadira. Zizindikiro zina za matendawa zimatha kutsimikiziridwa kokha ndi mayeso a labotale.

Timalimbikitsa kuyang'ana thanzi lanu ngati:

• Kuyesedwa kwanu kwa magazi sikwachilendo.
• Mukunenepa kwambiri.
• Mukuposa zaka 45.
• Muli ndi matenda ovary a polycystic.
• Munayamba kudwala matenda ashuga panthawi ya pakati.
• Muli ndi cholesterol yayikulu ndi triglycerides m'magazi anu.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za prediabetes:

• Vuto kugona. Ndi kagayidwe kachakudya kagayidwe kachakudya, ntchito za mahomoni m'thupi zimalephera, kupanga kwa insulin kumachepa. Izi zingayambitse kusowa tulo.
• Zowonongeka, khungu loyera. Chifukwa cha shuga wambiri, magazi amawonda ndipo amadutsa moyipa kudzera m'matumbo, maukonde ocheperako a capillaries. Zimayambitsa kuyabwa; mavuto ammaso amayamba.
• M ludzu, kukodza pafupipafupi. Kuti muchepetse magazi okhathamira, thupi limafunikira madzi ambiri, kotero pamakhala kufunikira kosamwa. Kumwa madzi ambiri, munthu amayamba kuvutika kukokana pafupipafupi. Chizindikirochi chimachotsedwa pambuyo pa kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi sikuchepera mpaka 5.6-6 mol.
• Kuchepetsa kwambiri thupi. Maselo a insulini amapangidwa pang'ono, shuga kuchokera m'magazi samatengeka kwathunthu ndi thupi, ndichifukwa chake maselo amalandila chakudya chopanda mphamvu komanso mphamvu yokhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino. Zotsatira zake, pamakhala kuchepa thupi, kuchepa thupi msanga.
• Kukokana usiku, kutentha thupi. Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi komanso kusowa mphamvu kumakhudza minofu, kukokana kumayamba. Kuchuluka kwa shuga kumayambitsa kutentha thupi.
• Migraines, mutu ndi akachisi. Ngakhale kuwonongeka kochepa kwa ziwiya kumatha kupweteketsa mutu ndi kulemera m'mutu ndi miyendo.
• Mwazi wamagazi, womwe umawonedwa patatha maola awiri mutatha kudya, umawonetsa matenda ashuga.

Ngati zizindikiro za prediabetes zapezeka, chithandizo chanthawi yake chiyenera kuyambitsidwa, chomwe chingachepetse chiopsezo cha zovuta zobwera chifukwa cha matendawa.

Chithandizo ndi matenda am'mimba

Kudziwa kukhalapo kwa prediabetes kumathandizira kuyezetsa magazi kwa msanga, komwe kumachitika m'mawa m'mimba yopanda kanthu. Nthawi zina, mayeso a kulolera glucose amaperekedwa.

Ngati, malinga ndi zotsatira za kusanthula, kuchuluka kwa glucose kuposa 110 mg / dl kapena kupitirira 6.1 mmol pa lita, izi zikuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa matenda.

Popanga matenda, amafunika kuti ayambe kulandira chithandizo, malinga ndi zomwe wodwalayo amadalira.

Kuchepetsa thupi, kutsatira zakudya komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandiza kulimbana ndi matendawa.

Muyenera kuwunika zomwe mumadya, kusiya zizolowezi zoyipa ndikulowa m'masewera a tsiku ndi tsiku mu ndandanda yanu (kuyambira mphindi 10-15 patsiku). Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi cholesterol.

Nthawi zina, kuphatikiza pa izi, katswiri atha kukulemberani mankhwala ena apadera, monga metformin.

Kafukufuku wochitidwa ndi asayansi aku America adawonetsa kuti kusintha kwa moyo komanso chikhalidwe chamadyedwe chabwino kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda ashuga.

Mavuto a mtundu 2 a shuga mwa akazi ndi amuna

Mavuto onse obwera chifukwa cha matendawa amagawidwa pachimake komanso chovuta.

Mtundu woyamba wamavuto, omwe amatchedwa zovuta zoyambirira, ndi monga:

• ketoacidosis
• lactic acidosis,
• hyperglycemia
• hypoglycemia.

Mavuto onsewa amatha msanga ndipo nthawi zambiri amafunikira kuchipatala. Nthawi zambiri, ndizowonetsa zovuta izi zomwe zimapangitsa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto losadziwika kuti apite kwa dokotala nthawi yoyamba.

Ketoacidosis imachitika chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa metabolic metabolic komanso kusowa kwa glucose yokhudzana ndi insulin. Kuti athe kulipirira kusowa kwa mphamvu, thupi limaphwanya lipids ndi glycogen.

Popeza ndalama zomwe zidasungidwazo ndizochepa, pali kuchuluka kwa ma ketoni m'magazi - mwanjira imeneyi thupi limayesetsa kusintha maselo amthupi kuti alandire mphamvu kuchokera kumafuta ogawikana, ndikutumiza glucose wopezeka chifukwa cha gluconeogeneis kupita ku ubongo.

Komabe, kuchuluka kwa ma ketoni m'mwazi kumakulitsa mkhalidwe wa thupi. Magazi amakhala viscous, ndipo ma ketoni amakhudza maselo, makamaka minyewa yamanjenje, akuwononga mapuloteni. Wodwalayo amatha kuzindikira ndipo akhoza kuyamba kugona.

Amatchulidwanso kuti lactic acid chikomokere, lactic acidosis sichachilendo, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matenda ashuga okhala ndi mtundu wachiwiri kuposa zaka makumi asanu.

Popeza kuperewera kwa insulini komanso kuchuluka kwa matupi a ketone m'thupi, kumasulidwa kwachangu kwa ma enzymes ovuta omwe amawononga ma keto acid amayamba. Zotsatira zake, amasokonekera mwachangu ndikupanga kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa lactic acid. Ngati minofu ndi chiwindi sizingatheke kupanga acid yokwanira, lactic acidosis imayamba - poyizoni ndi lactic acid.

Popanda chithandizo chanthawi yake cha lactic acidosis, syncope imachitika, kenako kulephera kupuma kapena kulephera kwa minofu ya mtima.

Wodwalayo amamva kufooka, kugona. Pali zowawa m'dera la mtima, kuchuluka kwa mkodzo womwe umatulutsidwa kumachepa, kupweteka kwa minofu ndi kukokana kumawonekera. Zizindikiro zimayamba msanga, kumakhala kupweteka kwam'mimba, kusanza, nseru.

Hyperglycemia imapangitsa wodwala kukana insulin.

Pansi pa izi, shuga sayenda kudutsa ma membrane am' cell ndikusinthidwa mu mphamvu yofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwa khungu. Chifukwa chake, izi zimayamba kudziunjikira m'magazi. Kuphatikizidwa kwa shuga pamwamba pa 5.5 mmol pa lita imodzi ya magazi kumawonetsa kukula kwa hyperglycemia.

Hyperglycemia ndizovuta kwakanthawi, koma zimayambitsa zovuta zambiri. Kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe, kutopa, kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi ndi impso, ndipo, pamapeto pake, kukulira kwa ketoacidosis - zonsezi zimabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa shuga.

Hypoglycemia ndiye mkhalidwe wotsutsa pamene kuchuluka kwa shuga kumatsikira pansi pa 4 mmol / lita. Zotsatira zake, maselo sangathe kulandira mphamvu zoyenera, kufooka, kunjenjemera kwa malekezero, kusintha kwa kusintha kwamphamvu ndi kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe. Popita nthawi, imatha kuyamba kukomoka.
Kukula kwa matendawa kumapangitsa kuti pakhale chithandizo chovuta kwambiri cha matenda ashuga, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri komanso kusakhazikika kwa zakudya.

Mowa kapena mankhwala ena amathanso kuyambitsa hypoglycemia.

Mavuto osokonezeka amawonekera pang'onopang'ono komanso pang'onopang'ono. Nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa mu mtundu wa 2 odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi mbiri yayitali ya matendawa, makamaka osalandira chithandizo chofunikira.

Vuto lodziwika bwino ndi retinopathy - kusokonezeka kapena kuwonongeka kwa masomphenya chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ma ketoni m'mitsempha yamaaso. Zotsatira zake, pamakhala kuchuluka kwa magazi, komanso mapuloteni omwe amapezeka mu retina, omwe amachititsa kuti azikupezeka komanso amang'amba.

Pafupifupi theka la odwala omwe ali ndi zaka 10 kapena kuposerapo ali ndi retinopathy yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chitukuko. Neuropathy ndiwofalikira kwambiri matenda ashuga. Chifukwa chakuchepa kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi chifukwa champhamvu kwambiri komanso chifukwa cha glucose, minyewa yamitsempha ya minyewa imawonongeka.

Nyengo zambiri nthawi zambiri zimayang'anira neuropathy

Mitsempha yambiri yapafupipafupi imavutika, yomwe imawonetsedwa kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa miyendo ya wodwalayo. Izi zimabweretsa kukula kwa matenda a shuga, kukomoka kwa miyendo, kuchepetsa kulankhula, kusalankhula mokoka.

Microangiopathy, ndiye kuti, kukhuthala kwamitsempha yamagazi, kumawonekeranso chifukwa chokhala ndi shuga wambiri. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa magazi kumadera ena amthupi kumakulirakulira, ndipo mavuto monga necrosis ndi vuto la magazi amatuluka.

Mavuto ndi omwe amayambitsa kufa koyambirira kwa odwala matenda ashuga.

Matenda okhudzana ndi matenda ashuga okalamba

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga okalamba alinso ndi zovuta zina. Chifukwa chake, kupezeka kwa atherosulinosis kumadziwika kwambiri kwa odwala opitilira makumi asanu.

Nthawi zambiri, kuwonongeka kwa mtima kumayambira m'munsi, chifukwa ndi komwe magazi amayenderera kwambiri.

Kukula kwa atherosulinosis kungayambitse matenda a coronary, komanso stroko kapena mtima. Kuphatikiza apo, odwala matenda ashuga opitilira zaka makumi asanu amatenga nthawi yayitali kukulira kwa gangren yam'munsi - mwa iwo imapezeka nthawi zambiri kuposa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a insulin ambiri.

Cardiopathy imakhala yothekera kwambiri kwa odwala omwe ali ndi cholowa chamatenda amtima.

Matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko ndizovuta zomwe zimayamba mwa odwala omwe ali ndi zaka zapakati pa 50-55. Monga momwe amasonyezera, matenda amtima wa odwala matenda ashuga a mibadwo ino amakula kangapo kuposa anthu omwe alibe matendawa.

Chifukwa chiyani matenda ashuga amayamba, ndipo ndi chiyani?

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amachitika chifukwa cha kupangika kwa insulin (matenda a 1) kapenanso chifukwa chophwanya zotsatira za insulin iyi (mtundu 2). Insulin imapangidwa mu kapamba, chifukwa chake odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo nthawi zambiri amakhala m'gulu la omwe ali ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana pakugwira ntchito kwa thupilo.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba amatchedwa "odalira insulin" - amafunika jakisoni wambiri wa insulin, ndipo nthawi zambiri matendawa amakhala obadwa nawo. Nthawi zambiri, matenda amtundu 1 amawonekera kale muubwana kapena unyamata, ndipo matenda amtunduwu amapezeka mu milandu ya 10-15%.

Matenda a 2 a shuga amakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi "matenda akale a shuga." Mtunduwu pafupifupi suwapezeka konse mwa ana, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi anthu opitirira 40 omwe onenepa kwambiri. Matenda a shuga amtunduwu amapezeka mu 80-90% ya milandu, ndipo amatengera pafupifupi 90-95% ya milandu.

Gulu

Ichi ndi chiyani Matenda a shuga angakhale amitundu iwiri - wodalira insulin komanso osadalira insulini.

1. Matenda a shuga a Type 1 amapezeka motsutsana ndi maziko a kuchepa kwa insulin, chifukwa chake amatchedwa insulin-based. Ndi matenda amtunduwu, kapamba sagwira ntchito kwathunthu: siipanga insulini konse, kapena siyimatulutsa zokwanira kuti ikonzeke ngakhale shuga yaying'ono yaying'ono yomwe ikubwera. Zotsatira zake, pali kuwonjezeka kwa glucose wamagazi. Monga lamulo, anthu owonda osakwana zaka 30 amadwala matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba. Zikatero, odwala amapatsidwa insulin yowonjezera kuti ateteze ketoacidosis ndikukhala ndi moyo wabwino.
2. Matenda a 2 a shuga amakhudza mpaka 85% ya onse odwala matenda ashuga, makamaka anthu azaka zopitilira 50 (makamaka azimayi). Odwala onenepa kwambiri amadziwika ndi matenda amtunduwu: opitirira 70% mwa odwala ndi onenepa kwambiri. Zimaphatikizidwa ndikupanga insulin yokwanira, yomwe minyewa yawo imatha kuchepa.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa matenda a shuga a mtundu I ndi mtundu II ndizosiyana kwambiri. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1, ma cell a beta omwe amapanga insulin amayamba chifukwa cha kachilombo koyambitsa matenda kapena ukali wa autoimmune, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwake kumayamba ndi zotsatirapo zake zonse zoopsa.Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri, maselo a beta amatulutsa insulin yokwanira kapena kuchuluka, koma zimakhala zimalephera kudziwa chizindikiro chake.

Zomwe zimachitika

Matenda a shuga ndi amodzi mwa zovuta kwambiri za endocrine zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira (makamaka m'maiko otukuka). Izi ndi zotsatira zamakhalidwe amakono komanso kuchuluka kwa zinthu zakunja, komwe kunenepa kwambiri.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga zimaphatikizapo:

1. Kudya kwambiri (kunenepa kwambiri) komwe kumayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu pakupanga matenda a shuga a 2. Ngati mwa anthu omwe ali ndi thupi lozolowereka kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi 7.8%, ndiye kuti kuchulukitsa thupi ndi 20%, kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga ndi 25%, ndipo kuchulukirapo kwa thupi ndi 50%, pafupipafupi ndi 60%.
2. Matenda a Autoimmune (kuwukira kwa chitetezo chathupi mthupi lanu) - glomerulonephritis, autoimmune chithokomiro, hepatitis, lupus, ndi zina zotere.
3. Choyipa. Monga lamulo, shuga imakhala kangapo mwa abale a odwala matenda a shuga. Ngati makolo onse akudwala matenda ashuga, chiopsezo chotenga matenda a shuga kwa ana awo m'miyoyo yawo yonse ndi 100%, ngati m'modzi mwa makolo adwala - 50%, pankhani ya matenda a shuga kwa m'bale kapena mlongo - 25%.
4. Matenda a ma virus omwe amawononga ma cell a pancreatic omwe amapanga insulin. Mwa zina mwa ma virus omwe angayambitse kukula kwa matenda ashuga ndi awa: rubella, mumps (mumps), pox nkhuku, hepatitis ya viral, ndi zina zambiri.

Munthu yemwe ali ndi vuto lotenga matenda ashuga sangakhale wodwala m'moyo wake wonse ngati atha kudziwongolera ndikukhala ndi moyo wathanzi: zakudya zoyenera, zolimbitsa thupi, kuyang'aniridwa ndi achipatala, ndi zina zambiri. Nthawi zambiri, mtundu 1 wa shuga umapezeka mwa ana ndi achinyamata.

Chifukwa cha kafukufuku, madotolo adazindikira kuti zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makolo azikhala ndi matenda osokoneza bongo azikhala 5% zimadalira mayi, 10% kwa abambo, ndipo ngati makolo onse ali ndi matenda ashuga, mwayi wofalitsa chiyembekezo chakukula kwa shuga ukuwonjezeka pafupifupi 70% .

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga mwa akazi ndi abambo

Pali zisonyezo zingapo za matenda ashuga omwe onse amtundu 1 ndi matenda 2 amatchulidwa. Izi zikuphatikiza:

1. Kumva ludzu losatha komanso kukodza mwachangu, komwe kumapangitsa madzi,
2. Chimodzi mwazizindikiro ndi pakamwa pouma,
3. Kutopa,
4. Kukugwa, kugona.
5. Zofooka
6. Mabala ndi mabala amachiritsa pang'onopang'ono,
7. Kusanza, mwina kusanza,
8. Kupuma pafupipafupi (mwina ndi fungo la acetone)
9. Zosangalatsa pamtima
10. Kuluma kwamtundu ndi kuyabwa kwa khungu,
11. Kuchepetsa thupi
12. Kuchulukitsa pokodza
13. Zowonongeka.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zomwe zili pamwambazi za matenda ashuga, mosakayikira muyenera kuyeza shuga lanu lamagazi.

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga

Mu shuga mellitus, kuopsa kwa zizindikiro kumadalira kuchuluka kwa kuchepa kwa insulin, kutalika kwa matendawo ndi machitidwe a wodwala.

Monga lamulo, zizindikiro za matenda amtundu wa 1 zimakhala zowopsa, matendawa amayamba mwadzidzidzi. Ndi matenda 2 a shuga, thanzi limakulirakulira pang'onopang'ono, poyambira, zizindikiro zimachepa.

1. Udzu wambiri komanso kukoka pafupipafupi ndi zizindikiro zapamwamba komanso zizindikiro za matenda ashuga. Ndi matendawa, shuga wowonjezera (glucose) amadziunjikira m'magazi. Impso zanu zimakakamizidwa kuti zizigwira ntchito mwamphamvu kuti zitha kusefa komanso kuyamwa shuga wambiri. Ngati impso yanu imalephera, shuga wambiri amamuthira mkodzo ndi madzi ochokera kumankhwala. Izi zimayambitsa kukodza pafupipafupi, komwe kumatha kupangitsa kuti thupi lithere.Mudzafunika mumwe madzi ambiri kuti muchepetse ludzu lanu, lomwe limakupangitsanso kukodza pafupipafupi.
2. Kutopa kumatha chifukwa cha zinthu zambiri. Zitha kupangidwanso chifukwa cha kuchepa mphamvu kwamadzi, kusokonekera pafupipafupi komanso kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa thupi, chifukwa shuga wochepa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira mphamvu.
3. Chizindikiro chachitatu cha matenda ashuga ndi polyphagy. Awa alinso ludzu, komabe, osatinso madzi, koma chakudya. Munthu amadya ndipo nthawi yomweyo samva kukhuta, koma kudzaza kwam'mimba ndi chakudya, chomwe kenako chimasanduka chakudya chatsopano.
4. Kuchepetsa thupi kwambiri. Chizindikirochi chimabadwa makamaka mu mtundu woyamba wa matenda a shuga (wodalira insulin) ndipo nthawi zambiri atsikana amakhala osangalala nazo. Komabe, chisangalalo chawo chimadutsa akapeza choona cholemetsa. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti kuchepa thupi kumachitika motsutsana ndi maziko a chilimbikitso chambiri komanso kudya zakudya zambiri, zomwe sizingachite koma kuwopsa. Nthawi zambiri, kuchepetsa thupi kumabweretsa kutopa.
5. Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga nthawi zina zimatha kuphatikizira mavuto amawonedwe.
6. Kuchira pang'onopang'ono kwa mabala kapena matenda pafupipafupi.
7. Kugwirana manja ndi miyendo.
8. Zofiyira, zotupa, mano.

Ngati zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda osokoneza bongo sizinatengedwe, pakapita nthawi, zovuta zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kuperewera kwa minyewa zimawonekera - zilonda zam'mimba, zotupa zam'mimba, kusintha kwamphamvu, kumachepetsa maonedwe. Vuto lalikulu la matenda ashuga ndi kukomoka kwa matenda ashuga, omwe amapezeka kawirikawiri ndi matenda okhudzana ndi insulin chifukwa chosowa chithandizo chokwanira ndi insulin.

Kusintha

Gawo lofunika kwambiri m'gulu la anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndi kulekanitsa kwawo pang'ono.

1. Ili ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yamatenda omwe chithandizo chilichonse chiyenera kuyesedwa. Pamlingo wotere, umalipiriridwa mokwanira, kuchuluka kwa glucose sikudutsa 6-7 mmol / l, palibe glucosuria (excretion ya glucose mu mkodzo), ndipo glycosylated hemoglobin ndi proteinuria sizipitilira muyeso wamba.
2. Gawo ili la ntchitoyi likuwonetsa kubwezera pang'ono. Pali zizindikiro za zovuta za matenda ashuga komanso zotupa za ziwalo zodziwika bwino: maso, impso, mtima, mitsempha yamagazi, mitsempha, malekezero otsika. Mkulu wa glucose amawonjezeka pang'ono ndipo amafika ku 8-10 mmol / L.
3. Njira imodzimodziyo ya ndondomekoyi ikuwonetsa kupitilirabe kwake komanso kusatheka kwa kayendetsedwe ka mankhwala. Nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa glucose kumasiyanasiyana 13-14 mmol / l, glucosuria wolimbikira (kutulutsa kwa shuga mumkodzo), proteinuria yayikulu (kukhalapo kwa mapuloteni mumkodzo) imayang'aniridwa, ndipo pali mawonetsedwe omveka bwino komanso osafunikira akuwonongeka kwa ziwalo za shuga. Kuwona acuity pang'onopang'ono kumachepa, mphamvu yamitsempha yamagazi imapitilira, kumva kumachepetsa ndikuwoneka ngati kupweteka kwambiri komanso dzanzi lakumapeto.
4. Digiri iyi imadziwika ndi kubwezerera kwathunthu kwa njirayi ndikukula kwa zovuta zovuta. Pankhaniyi, glycemia imakwera mpaka ziwonetsero zowopsa (15-25 kapena kupitirira mmol / l), sangathe kusintha mwanjira iliyonse. Kukula kwa aimpso kulephera, zilonda zam'mimba ndi zilonda zam'mphepete ndizochita. Chitsimikizo china cha matenda a shuga a grade 4 ndi chizolowezi chokhala ndi matenda ashuga pafupipafupi.

Mayiko atatu omwe amalipira ndalama za matenda a carbohydrate metabolism nawonso amasiyanitsidwa: kulipidwa, kulipidwa, komanso kuwalipitsidwa.

Zotsatira ndi zovuta za matenda ashuga

Mavuto owopsa ndi zochitika zomwe zimayamba pakapita masiku kapena ngakhale maola ochepa kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga.

1. Matenda a shuga a ketoacidosis ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe limayamba chifukwa chodzikundikira magazi a zinthu zamagulu a metabolism apakatikati (matupi a ketone).
2. Hypoglycemia - kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi m'munsi mwazofunikira (nthawi zambiri pamakhala 3.3 mmol / L), kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga, matenda opatsirana, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi osazolowereka kapenanso kudya mokwanira, komanso kumwa kwambiri mowa.
3. Hyperosmolar chikomokere. Imapezeka makamaka mwa odwala okalamba omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 omwe ali ndi mbiri kapena alibe mbiri yake ndipo nthawi zonse amakhudzana ndi kuchepa thupi kwambiri.
4. Lactacidic coma kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo amayamba chifukwa cha kudzikundikira kwa lactic acid m'magazi ndipo nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa odwala omwe ali ndi zaka zoposa 50 motsutsana ndi maziko a mtima, chiwindi ndi kulephera kwa aimpso, kuchepa kwa kupezeka kwa oksijeni mu minofu ndipo, chifukwa chake, kudzikundikira kwa lactic acid mu minofu.

Zotsatira zomaliza zimakhala gulu lamavuto, kukula komwe kumatenga miyezi yambiri, komanso nthawi zambiri zaka za matendawo.

1. Matenda a shuga a retinopathy - kuwonongeka kwa retina mu mawonekedwe a ma micaneurysms, kutsina ndi ma hemorrhages, ma exudates olimba, edema, mapangidwe a ziwiya zatsopano. Zimatha ndi zotupa pa fundus, zimatha kuyambitsa kuyamwa kwina.
2. Matenda a shuga a micro- ndi macroangiopathy ndikuphwanya kwachulukidwe kwamitsempha, kuwonjezereka kwa kusokonekera kwawo, chizolowezi cha thrombosis ndi chitukuko cha atherosulinosis (zimachitika koyambirira, makamaka ziwiya zazing'ono zimakhudzidwa).
3. Diabetesic polyneuropathy - nthawi zambiri mu mawonekedwe a kuphatikizana kwamitsempha yama neropathy ya mtundu wa magolovesi ndi masheya, kuyambira kumapeto kwa miyendo.
4. Matenda a shuga - nephropathy - kuwonongeka kwa impso, koyamba mwa mawonekedwe a microalbuminuria (kuchotsetsa mapuloteni a albumin mkodzo), ndiye proteinuria. Zimabweretsa kukula kwa matenda aimpso.
5. Matenda a shuga - matenda opatsirana, "kupindika", kusunthika pang'ono, kuchepa kwamadzi amadzimadzi komanso kukweza kwamaso.
6. Matenda a shuga a ophthalmopathy, kuphatikiza pa retinopathy, akuphatikizanso kukula koyambirira kwa matenda amtundu wa khungu (kufinya kwa mandala).
7. Matenda a shuga - matenda osokoneza bongo - kusintha kwa psyche ndi mawonekedwe, kutengeka mtima kapena kukhumudwa.
8. Matendawa odwala matenda ashuga - kuwonongeka kwa mapazi a wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo mwa njira zoperekera-necrotic, zilonda zam'mimba ndi zotupa zomwe zimachitika motsutsana ndi maziko amasinthidwe amitsempha yamagazi, mitsempha yamagazi, khungu ndi minofu yofewa. Ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha kudula kwa odwala matenda ashuga.

Komanso, matenda ashuga ali ndi chiwopsezo chokulirapo kwa matenda amisala - kukhumudwa, mavuto a nkhawa, komanso mavuto akudya.

Momwe mungachiritsire matenda ashuga

Pakadali pano, chithandizo cha matenda ashuga m'milandu yambiri ndizachidziwitso ndipo cholinga chake ndikuwachotsa zomwe zilipo popanda kuthetsa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, chifukwa chithandizo chokwanira cha matenda ashuga sichinayambike.

Ntchito zazikulu zomwe dokotala amathandizira pa matenda ashuga ndi:

1. Kubwezera kwa kagayidwe kazakudya.
2. Kupewa komanso kuchiza zovuta.
3. Matenda a kunenepa kwambiri.
4. Kuphunzitsa wodekha.

Kutengera mtundu wa shuga, odwala amapatsidwa mankhwala a insulin kapena pakamwa. Odwala azitsatira zakudya, zomwe zili zovomerezeka komanso zochulukirapo zomwe zimatanthauzanso mtundu wa matenda ashuga.

• Ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu 2, zakudya ndi mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi amalembedwa: glibenclamide, glurenorm, glyclazide, glibutide, metformin. Iwo amatengedwa pakamwa pambuyo pa kusankha kwa mankhwala enaake ndi mlingo wake ndi dokotala.
• Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, mankhwala a insulin komanso zakudya ndiwo omwe amapatsidwa. Mlingo ndi mtundu wa insulin (yocheperako, yapakati kapena yayitali) amasankhidwa payekha kuchipatala, moyang'aniridwa ndi shuga ndi mkodzo.

Matenda a shuga ayenera kudwala popanda kutero, apo ayi amakhala ndi zovuta zowopsa, zomwe zidatchulidwa pamwambapa.Munthu akapezeka ndi matenda ashuga posachedwa, pamakhala zovuta zambiri kuti zovuta zoyipa zitha kupewedwa ndipo moyo wabwinobwino umakhala ndi moyo.

Zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndi gawo lofunikira la chithandizo, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa shuga kapena insulin. Popanda chakudya, kulipiritsa kagayidwe kazakudya sikungatheke. Dziwani kuti nthawi zina matenda a shuga a 2, zakudya zokha ndizokwanira kulipirira kagayidwe kazakudya, makamaka koyambirira kwa matendawa. Ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga, kudya ndikofunikira kwa wodwalayo, kuphwanya zakudya kungayambitse matenda a hypo- kapena hyperglycemic, ndipo nthawi zina mpaka kufa kwa wodwalayo.

Cholinga chamankhwala othandizira odwala matenda ashuga ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mayendedwe azinthu zofunikira m'thupi la wodwala. Zakudya ziyenera kukhala zamagulu a mapuloteni, mafuta ndi zopatsa mphamvu. Zakudya zopatsa mphamvu mosavuta ziyenera kusiyidwa kwathunthu ndi zakudya, kupatula milandu ya hypoglycemia. Ndi matenda 2 a shuga, nthawi zambiri pamafunika kukonza thupi.

Lingaliro lalikulu mu chithandizo chamankhwala a shuga ndi gawo la mkate. Chipinda cha mkate ndi muyezo wofanana ndi 10-12 g wa chakudya chamafuta kapena 20-25 g wa mkate. Pali magome omwe akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa magawo a mkate mu zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Masana, kuchuluka kwa mkate womwe amadya wodwala kumayenera kukhalabe kosalekeza, pafupifupi magawo 12-25 a mkate amawadyedwa patsiku, kutengera kulemera kwa thupi ndi ntchito zolimbitsa thupi. Pa chakudya chimodzi chomwe sichikulimbikitsidwa kudya mkate woposa 7, ndikofunika kukonza chakudya kuti kuchuluka kwa zigawo zosiyanasiyana za chakudya ndizofanana. Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti kumwa mowa kumatha kudzetsa hypoglycemia, kuphatikizapo hypoglycemic coma.

Mkhalidwe wofunikira pakupambana kwa chithandizo cha zakudya ndikusunga diary yodwala kwa odwala, zakudya zonse zomwe zimadyedwa masana zimawonjezeredwa kwa iyo, ndipo kuchuluka kwa magawo omwe amadyedwa pakudya chilichonse komanso ambiri patsiku amawerengedwa. Kusunga diary ya chakudya chotere kumapangitsa kuti nthawi zambiri muzindikire zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a hypo- ndi hyperglycemia, zimathandizira kuphunzitsa wodwalayo, zimathandiza dokotala kusankha mlingo woyenera wa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga kapena insulin.

Onani mwatsatanetsatane: zakudya zabwino za anthu odwala matenda ashuga tsiku lililonse. Menyu ndi maphikidwe.

Kudziletsa

Kudziyang'anira wekha wa glycemia ndi imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zingakwaniritse kubwezeretsa kwadwala kwa nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa chakuti ndizosatheka pamlingo wapamwamba wamakono kuti athe kutsata zinsinsi za kapamba, kusinthasintha kwa shuga m'magazi kumachitika masana. Izi zimakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zambiri, zazikuluzikulu zimaphatikizanso kupsinjika kwakuthupi ndi m'maganizo, kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta, matenda oyanjana ndi zina.

Popeza ndizosatheka kumuika wodwalayo kuchipatala nthawi zonse, kuwunika momwe alili komanso kusintha kwamalingaliro ochepa a insulin. Kudziletsa kwa glycemia kutha kuchitika m'njira ziwiri. Choyambirira chikuyerekeza mothandizidwa ndi mizere yoyeserera, yomwe imazindikira kuchuluka kwa shuga mumkodzo pogwiritsa ntchito mayankho oyenera, pamaso pa glucose mkodzo, mkodzo uyenera kuyang'ana pazinthu za acetone. Acetonuria - chisonyezo chakuchipatala kuchipatala komanso umboni wa ketoacidosis. Njira iyi yowunikira glycemia ndiyowona pafupifupi ndipo salola kuwunikira kwathunthu momwe matenda a carbohydrate umakhalira.

Njira yamakono kwambiri komanso yokwanira yoyesera momwe vutoli likugwiritsira ntchito glucometer. Gluceter ndi chipangizo choyezera mulingo wa glucose mu zakumwa zachilengedwe (magazi, madzimadzi ndi zina).Pali njira zingapo zoyezera. Posachedwa, ma glucose omwe amatha kunyamula magazi pazinthu zapakhomo afalikira. Ndikokwanira kuyika dontho la magazi pachifuwa chowoneka bwino cholumikizidwa ndi zida za glucose oxidase biosensor, ndipo patapita masekondi angapo gawo la glucose m'magazi (glycemia) limadziwika.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kuwerengera kwama glucometer awiri amakampani osiyanasiyana akhoza kusiyana, ndipo mulingo wa glycemia wowonetsedwa ndi glucometer nthawi zambiri umakhala magawo 1-2 kuposa omwewo. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyerekeza kuwerengera kwa mita ndi zomwe zimapezeka pakuyesedwa ku chipatala kapena kuchipatala.

Zololedwa ndi Zoletsedwa

Kodi kuchiritsa matenda a prediabetes? Zoyenera kuchita ndi zinthu, zomwe simumapatula, momwe mungaphikire? Mvetsetsani mafunso aliwonse omwe abuke. Osakondedwa kwambiri komanso ovuta, inde, dziperekeni nokha zakudya zomwe mumadya. Choyamba, ndikofunikira kupatula:

• kuphika, ufa wa tirigu,
• shuga ndi zakudya zokwanira mkati mwake,
• soseji, nyama yotsirizika,
• margarine, batala, mafuta a nyama,
• zogulitsa zowonjezera,
• chakudya chofulumira
• mafuta, zonunkhira, zakudya zamchere.

Chololedwa kudya zambiri zomwe zikupezeka ndizothandiza:

• masamba abwino komanso owiritsa (mbatata yochepera),
• amadyera
• zipatso ndi zipatso (makamaka wowawasa),
• zopangidwa mkaka wopanda mafuta,
• mkate ndi mkate wakuda,
• kudya nyama ndi nsomba.

Muyenera kudziwa kuti musanaphike msuzi, muyenera kumawukha kwa maola osachepera awiri ndikusintha kwamadzi ndikudula pakati.

Mwachitsanzo zakudya mndandanda 9

Masana amagawidwa m'magawo atatu a gawo lomwelo ndi zakudya zitatu. Kutalikirana kwakanthawi kokhazikika pakati pa chakudya kumakuthandizani kuti muzolowere kusintha kwatsopano. Kumbukirani kuti ndi zakudya za prediabetes zomwe zimapereka zotsatira zabwino. Makina atsatanetsatane adzakuthandizani kumvetsetsa momwe zolondola ziyenera kuyendetsedwa

• kadzutsa - zikondamoyo zosaphika, kirimu wowawasa 10-15%, tiyi,
• nkhomaliro - msuzi wamasamba, buledi, masamba osenda,
• chakudya chamadzulo - nkhuku yodula kuchokera mu uvuni, kanyumba tchizi casserole, phwetekere.

• chakudya cham'mawa - mapira mapira kuchokera ku mapira, chicory,
• nkhomaliro - msuzi wokhala ndi nyama, phala balere, saladi wa kabichi,
• chakudya chamadzulo - kabichi wowotcha, nsomba yophika, mkate.

• chakudya cham'mawa - phala lalikulu
• nkhomaliro - msuzi wa dzungu, mazira awiri owiritsa, buledi, nkhaka yatsopano,
• chakudya chamadzulo - zukini wophika ndi nyama ndi masamba.

Monga chithunzithunzi chomwe mungagwiritse ntchito:

• kapu yamkaka kapena mkaka,
• saladi wa zipatso ndi yogati yachilengedwe,
• saladi zamasamba (yaiwisi ndi yophika) ndi mbatata zosenda,
• tchizi tchizi
• zinthu zapadera za anthu odwala matenda ashuga (makeke, maswiti).

Menyuyi imakhazikitsidwa potsatira mfundo zachakudya chathanzi ndipo sipatula zakudya zofunika. Zakudya zambiri zimapezeka kuchokera pazololedwa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito chowiritsa chowirikiza, ophika pang'onopang'ono, uvuni kuti muwonjezere katundu wofunikira wazinthuzo ndikuchepetsa katundu pang'onopang'ono. Njira zingapo zophikira zimapangitsa kuti patebulo podyerapo pasadzionekepo pazofooka zake.

Okondedwa owerenga, moni! Matenda a shuga ndi mkhalidwe wa thupi pamene munthu ali ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a shuga. Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakwezedwa pang'ono, koma sikokwanira kuzindikira matenda ashuga. Ngati mutazindikira mtundu wa prediabetesic wa thupi munthawi yake, ndiye kuti chithandizo chanthawi yake chimapewetsa zovuta zovuta zokhudzana ndi matendawa. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti nthawi zina zovuta za matenda ashuhu zimawonekera kale kuposa kuzindikiritsa koyenera. Pali mtundu wina wamagulu komanso omwe ali pachiwopsezo chomwe aliyense ayenera kudziwa. Tidzakambirana zonsezi munkhaniyi.

Ndiye kudziwiratu? M'mawu azachipatala, izi ndizovulaza shuga.Mwachidule, uku ndikuphwanya mayamwidwe ndi kukonza shuga kulowa mthupi ndi chakudya ndi madzi. Mu matendawa, kapamba amapanga insulin, koma osakwanira. Anthu omwe ali ndi boma la matenda osokoneza bongo ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga a 2. Koma, musachite mantha nthawi yomweyo mukamva kufananaku. Matendawa amatha kuchiritsidwa. Kuti muchite izi, ndikokwanira kusintha kadyedwe kanu, moyo wanu, mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala, kubwezeretsanso shuga. Njira zosavuta izi zithandiza kupewa matenda a shuga.

Kusanthula shuga

• Norm - mpaka 5.5 mmol / l,
• Prediabetes - kuyambira 5.5 mpaka 6.9 mmol / l,
• Matenda a shuga - oposa 7 mmol / L.

Nthawi yomweyo, matenda a shuga amadziwika malinga ndi zotsatira zoyesa zingapo komanso kuyesedwa kofunikira ndi endocrinologist.

Mashuga a shuga - kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ngakhale okulirapo pang'ono kuposa zabwinobwino, sikuyenera kumangochenjeza dokotala, komanso inunso. Chofunika (simungathe kumwa madzi). Mwanjira imeneyi ndi pomwe kusanthula kungakhale kodalirika. Ngati mayeso angapo a shuga wamagazi awonetsa kuchuluka kwake, ndiye kuti adotolo amayenera kupereka magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha kupita ku hemoglobin ya glycated (akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'miyezi itatu yapitayo). Kusanthula kumeneku sikudalira kudya kapena zakumwa zam'mawa kwambiri. Mlingo wa hemoglobin wa glycated sayenera kupitirira 6%.

Kanema: Kodi prediabetes ndi njira yochitira motani?

Matenda a shuga sangakhale matenda athunthu, ndichifukwa chake zizindikiro za prediabetes nthawi zambiri sizimawoneka m'magawo oyambira. Ngati zizindikiro zina zikuwoneka, ndiye kuti izi zitha kuwonetsa matenda osokoneza bongo a latent.

Zizindikiro zazikulu zomwe zingasonyeze prediabetes ndi:

• ludzu losalekeza, komanso pakamwa lowuma. Nthawi zambiri zimawonetsedwa ndi nkhawa kapena malingaliro. Izi ndichifukwa chakuti thupi limafunikira madzi ambiri kuti athetse magazi okhathamira,
• Kukodza pafupipafupi chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito madzi ochuluka,
• Kuchulukitsa njala, ngakhale usiku. Nthawi zambiri, chakudya chotere chimapangitsa kuti munthu azidya kwambiri komanso azichita kunenepa kwambiri. Mukakhala ndi kulemera, kupanga insulin kumawonjezeka, ndipo kumathandizanso kuchepetsa misempha ya magazi,
• Kutopa, kutopa kosalekeza ndi kugona,
• Kutentha ndi chizungulire komwe kumachitika mutatha kudya. Izi ndichifukwa choti kuchuluka kwa shuga kumasintha kwambiri.
• Mutu wapafupipafupi. Zomwe zimachitika ndi zotengera zaubongo, zomwe zimachepetsedwa chifukwa cha mapangidwe ake.
• Mavuto ogona, kuphatikizapo kugona. Zimachitika chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa mahomoni, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa insulin kumachepa,
• Kupezeka kwa khungu kuyabwa ndi vuto lamavuto. Amawonekera chifukwa magazi, chifukwa cha kupyapyala kwake, sangadutse momasuka pamipanda yonse,
• Kuchepetsa kwambiri thupi. Nthawi zambiri chifukwa chakuti thupi lilibe chakudya chokwanira kuti lizipezanso mphamvu,
• Zingwe. Kuwoneka chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa chikhalidwe cham'mimba komanso chamoyo chonse.

Ngati matendawa atsimikizira pambuyo poti wapeza, ndiye kuti chithandizo chiyenera kuyambika nthawi yomweyo. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti liyenera kukhala lokwanira. Cholinga chake chimakhala kupangitsa kuti shuga asamangidwe. Nthawi zambiri, pamenepa ndikokwanira kutsatira malamulo angapo omwe angathandize kusintha moyo wawo. Kuphatikiza apo, panthawi yonse ya chithandizo ndikofunikira kutsatira zakudya. Madokotala nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsa odwala awo:

• Kanani kwathunthu kapena kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamagulu, zomwe zimapakidwa mosavuta, mwachitsanzo, zinthu zosiyanasiyana zophika mkate, maswiti kapena mbatata,
• Chepetsani kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta omwe samapezeka bwino. Amapezeka m'miyala yosiyanasiyana, mkate wa imvi komanso rye. Zakudya zoterezi zimayenera kuchitika tsiku lonse, pomwe magawo ake ndi ochepa,
• Kuchepetsa kudya nyama.Amapezeka mu nyama yamafuta, mafuta, komanso masoseji, mayonesi, mafuta ndi msuzi wokhazikitsidwa ndi nyama,
• Tsiku lililonse, idyani masamba ndi zipatso zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga pang'ono. Kuphatikiza ndikofunikira kupatsa chidwi ndi zipatso zomwe zimakhala ndi fiber yambiri, muyenera kusankha kaya wowawasa kapena wokoma komanso wowawasa. Pakukonzekera mwachangu, nyemba ndi nyemba ziyenera kuphatikizidwa muzakudya.
• Kusiya kotheratu kumwa mowa ndi fodya, ngati izi nzosatheka, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwawo kuyenera kuchepetsedwa osati panthawi ya chithandizo, komanso pambuyo pake,
• Idyani nthawi 5-6 patsiku. Zigawo ziyenera kukhala zazing'ono. Izi sizithandizira kuchulukitsa thupi, komanso zingololeze kupeza chakudya chofunikira kupangira mphamvu,
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi. Pankhaniyi, maphunziro oyamba sayenera kupitirira mphindi 15 ndipo sayenera kukhala achangu kwambiri. Pang'onopang'ono, mutha kuwonjezera zovuta zawo. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ziyenera kuchitika motsogozedwa ndi katswiri, makamaka masabata oyamba.
• Ngati ntchitoyo ili yongokhala, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kupumula pang'ono pomwe kutentha kwatsala pang'ono kuchitikira,
• Perekani magazi kuyezetsa shuga mwezi umodzi atatha chithandizo. Atha kuthandizanso kudziwa zabwino za chithandizo chamankhwala. Mukapambana mayeso pambuyo pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, zikuthandizani kudziwa ngati matendawo adachiritsidwadi komanso ngati abwerera.

Matenda a shuga ndi chizindikiro chochenjeza kuti muli pachiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2. Izi zikutanthauza kuti magazi anu ndi okwera kuposa momwe ayenera kukhalira. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a 2 poyamba anali ndi prediabetes. Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti kusintha kwa moyo kumatha kukuthandizani kuti musinthe shuga m'magazi anu ndikuletsa kapena kuchedwetsa kuyambika kwa matenda ashuga.

Matenda a shuga amapezeka pamene thupi siligwirizana moyenera ndi insulin ya mahomoni motero silingakhalepo ndi shuga (shuga) pamagulu abwinobwino. Nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakhala kokwanira kuposa zabwinobwino, koma sikokwanira kukhazikitsa matenda a shuga. Ngati sanalandire chithandizo, matendawa amatha kuwonjezeka pakapita nthawi ndipo zimayambitsa kukula kwa matenda a shuga a 2 komanso zovuta zina, monga matenda am'mimba komanso matenda amitsempha yamagazi, sitiroko, maselo operewera, matenda amanjenje ndi impso.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga?

Amakhulupirira kuti anthu omwe ali ndi thupi lolemera, omwe amakhala moyo wokhazikika kapena wokhala ndi mbiri yakale ya matendawa, amatha kukhala ndi prediabetes. Amakhulupiriranso kuti azimayi omwe adadwala matenda ashuga ali ndi mwayi waukulu wokhala ndi prediabetes.

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi prediabetes alibe zizindikiro. Koma ngati muli ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, muyenera kuyang'anira mawonetsero amishuga, monga:

Gulu lamavuto

American Diabetes Association imalimbikitsa kuti asanthule matenda ashuga omwe angayambitse matenda a shuga 2 ngati muli ndi zotsatirazi Zizindikiro za prediabetes:

Mukunenepa kwambiri ndipo muli ndi zaka zopitilira 45 - pitani kukayezetsa matenda a shuga mukadzakumananso ndi dokotala.

Mukulemera thupi lanu komanso muli ndi zaka 45 kapena kupitilira - mukamapita kukaonana ndi dokotala mufunse dokotala ngati mukufunikira mayeso.

Wocheperako wazaka zopitilira 45 ndi wonenepa kwambiri - thupi lanu lotsolera (BMI) ndi 25 kapena kuposa - ndipo muli ndi vuto limodzi kapena zingapo zokulitsa matenda a shuga a 2, mwachitsanzo:

Kuthamanga kwa magazi, kupitilira mamilimita 140/90 a mercury. Low cholesterol high density lipoprotein (HDL) and high - triglycerides. Mbiri ya mabanja a matenda 2 a shuga.

Anthu omwe makolo, abale kapena mlongo wake akudwala matenda ashuga a 2 kapena matenda a shuga amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa kuposa akulu omwe mabanja awo alibe mbiri yodwala.

Matenda a shuga kapena kubadwa kwa mwana wolemera oposa 4 kg. Amayi omwe adadwala matenda ashuga, kapena omwe abereka mwana wamkulu kuposa masiku onse, ali pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda ashuga a 2 kumapeto kwa moyo wawo.

Mitundu ndi mafuko. Anthu aku Africa, Hispanic, Asia, ndi Pacific Islander atha kukhala ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 kuposa iwo a mtundu wa Caucasian.

Mukunenepa kwambiri, simuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi (kapena kuchita masewera ochepa) ndipo mukufuna kuchepetsa ngozi yanu yokhala ndi matenda a shuga a 2.

Gulu la Prevention Working Group (USPSTF) lalimbikitsa kuyesa anthu omwe magazi awo ndi okwera kuposa 135/80.

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga

Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi matenda a prediabetes, ndiye kuti inunso mudzakhala ndi mwayi wothandiza mankhwalawo, ndipo mudzakhala ndi mwayi wokonza izi kapena kuchedwa kupitirira kwa matenda ashuga a mtundu 2. Kuchepetsa thupi, kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi ndizothandiza kwambiri kupewa kapena kuchedwetsa kuyambika kwa matenda ashuga, komanso zimachepetsa chiopsezo chanu chobwera ndi mavuto ena, monga matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko. Zitha kumveka zosavuta, koma ndizofunikira kwambiri thanzi lanu lonse komanso kupewa matenda ashuga.

Nthawi zina, kuphatikiza pa zakudya komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi, dokotala angakupatseni mankhwala mankhwala . Koma kafukufuku waposachedwa awonetsa zotsatira zopatsa chidwi popewa matenda ashuga pomangotsatira kadyedwe ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kafukufuku wina wofunikira ku United States (Dongosolo la Chitetezo cha Matenda a shuga) adawonetsa kuti kusintha kwamoyo kumeneku kunali kothandiza kwambiri pakuchepetsa chiopsezo chotenga matenda ashuga kuposa kumwa mankhwala:
Iwo omwe adachepera kuwonda (5-10% ya thupi lawo lonse) ndipo omwe adachita masewera olimbitsa thupi adachepetsa chiopsezo ndi 58%. Omwe adamwa mankhwalawo adachepetsa chiopsezo chawo ndi 31%.

Mankhwala a insulin

Chithandizo cha insulini ndicholinga chokwanira kubwezeretsa kwa kagayidwe kazakudya, kupewa hypo- ndi hyperglycemia, motero kupewa mavuto a shuga. Kuchiza kwa insulin ndikofunikira kwa anthu odwala matenda amtundu wa 1 ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zina kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2.

Zisonyezo poika insulin mankhwala:

1. Mtundu woyamba wa shuga
2. Ketoacidosis, matenda ashuga hyperosmolar, hyperlacticemic chikomokere.
3. Mimba komanso kubereka ndi matenda ashuga.
4. Kubwezera kwakukulu kwa matenda ashuga a 2.
5. Kuperewera kwa chithandizo ndi njira zina zamtundu wa 2 shuga.
6. Kuchepetsa kwambiri shuga.
7. Matenda a shuga.

Pakadali pano, pali zokonzekera zambiri za insulini zomwe zimasiyana nthawi yayitali (ultrashort, yochepa, yapakatikati, yayitali), pankhani ya kudziyeretsa (monopic, monocomponent), mitundu ya mitundu (umunthu, nkhumba, bovine, genetically engineering, etc.)

Popeza kunenepa kwambiri ndi kupsinjika kwamalingaliro, insulin imayikidwa pa 0,5-1 unit pa kilogalamu imodzi ya thupi patsiku. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa insulin kumapangidwira kutsata chinsinsi cha thupi pokhudzana ndi izi, zofunika zotsatirazi zimayikidwa patsogolo:

1. Mlingo wa insulin uyenera kukhala wokwanira kugwiritsa ntchito shuga kulowa m'thupi.
2. Insulin yovulazidwa iyenera kutsanzira kupansi kwa kapamba.
3. Jakisoni wovulazidwa amayenera kutsata nsonga za postprandial za insulin secretion.

Pankhani imeneyi, pali otchedwa insulin Therapy. Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa insulin umagawika pakati potalika pang'ono kapena mwachidule. Ma inshuwiti owonjezera nthawi zambiri amathandizidwa m'mawa ndi madzulo ndipo amayeseza kubisala kwapansi kwa kapamba. Ma insulin omwe amagwira ntchito mwachangu amathandizidwa pakudya kulikonse komwe kumakhala chakudya, muyezo umatha kusiyanasiyana ndi mgawo womwe umaperekedwa pa chakudya chomwe wapatsidwa.

Insulin imayendetsedwa pang'onopang'ono pogwiritsa ntchito syringe ya insulin, cholembera kapena pampu yapadera. Pakadali pano, ku Russia, njira yodziwika kwambiri yothandizira kupangira insulin pogwiritsa ntchito zolembera. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chophweka kwambiri, kusapeza bwino komanso kusamasuka kwa makasitomala poyerekeza ndi syringes yachilendo. Cholembera cha syringe chimakulolani kuti mwachangu komanso mosapweteka mulowe mu insulin yofunika.

Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga

Mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga amathandizidwa ndi odwala omwe samadalira shuga m'melitrate kuwonjezera pa zakudya. Magulu otsatirawa amachepetsa shuga amadziwika ndi njira yochepetsera shuga:

1. Biguanides (metformin, buformin, ndi ena otero) - amachepetsa kuyamwa kwa matumbo m'mimba ndikupangitsanso kuchuluka kwa zotumphukira. Biguanides amatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa uric acid m'magazi ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale vuto lalikulu - lactic acidosis mwa odwala omwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira 60, komanso anthu omwe akudwala chiwindi ndi impso, matenda opatsirana. Biguanides nthawi zambiri amalembera odwala omwe amadwala matenda a shuga osadalira insulin.
2. Kukonzekera kwa Sulfonylurea (glycidone, glibenclamide, chlorpropamide, carbamide) - kumathandizira kupanga insulini ndi ma pancreatic β-cell ndikulimbikitsa kulowa kwa glucose m'matipi. Mlingo wosankhidwa bwino wa gulu la mankhwalawa umathandizira kuti shuga asadutse> 8 mmol / L. Ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kukula kwa hypoglycemia ndi chikomokere ndikotheka.
3. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (miglitol, acarbose) - amachepetsa kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi, kutsekereza ma enzyme omwe akukhudzidwa ndi kuyamwa kwa wowuma. Zotsatira zoyipa - flatulence ndi m'mimba.
4. Meglitinides (nateglinide, repaglinide) - imayambitsa kutsika kwa shuga, ndikupangitsa kapamba kuti azisunga insulin. Zotsatira za mankhwalawa zimatengera shuga wamagazi ndipo sizimayambitsa hypoglycemia.
5. Thiazolidinediones - kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga omwe amamasulidwa ku chiwindi, kuonjezera mphamvu ya maselo amafuta kupita ku insulin. Otsimikizika mu kulephera kwa mtima.

Komanso, chithandizo chothandiza cha matenda a shuga chimachepa kwambiri komanso zimachita zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi. Chifukwa cha kuyesa kwa minofu, pali kuwonjezeka kwa makutidwe ndi okosijeni a shuga komanso kuchepa kwa zomwe zili m'magazi.

Malamulo a Prediabetes Nutrition

Ngati mwapezeka ndi prediabetes, muyenera kutsatira malamulo awa:

1. Zakudya ziyenera kukhala zopindika - 5-6 pa tsiku. Muyenera kudzuka patebulo ndikumva njala pang'ono. Chakudya chimabwerezedwanso maola 4 aliwonse.
2. Ndikofunika kuti mupange menyu kuti zakudya zamatumbo (zakudya monga chimanga, zipatso) zimadyedwa theka loyamba la tsiku, ndipo mapuloteni - wachiwiri.
3. Musachotse mu zakudya zomwe zimatchedwa chakudya champhamvu kwambiri - zakudya zomwe zimakhala zosavuta zosavuta kusintha zomwe zimapangidwa popanda kugwiritsidwa ntchito mumimba ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Izi ndi zinthu zilizonse monga zakudya ndi mbale zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga woyengetsa, ufa wa premium, zipatso zotsekemera, uchi, masamba omwe ali ndi index ya glycemic yoposa 50.
4. Pewani zakudya zopanda pake, zakudya zoyendetsedwa ndi zakudya zopukutidwa, ngakhale mashuga osavuta kapena mafuta ochulukirapo sakusonyezedwa zikuchokera - zosavuta ndizakudya, ndibwinonso.
5. Chepetsani kugwiritsa ntchito nyama yamafuta, mafuta amkaka, mafuta oyenga.
6. Osagwiritsa ntchito zotsekemera zama calorie apamwamba (fructose, xylitol, sorbitol). Ma sweeteners a Stevia amakhala bwino - ndi achilengedwe, opanda ma calorie komanso othandiza pofotokoza za kagayidwe kazachilengedwe. Werengani zambiri za zomwe zimalowa ndi shuga munkhaniyi: m'malo mwa anthu omwe ali ndi shuga.
7. Imwani 1.5-2 malita a madzi patsiku. Kuphatikiza apo, tiyi wazitsamba ndi khofi wopanda shuga, timadziti ta masamba timaloledwa.

Kuti zitheke kuzindikira zovuta zomwe zaleledwa komanso zoletsedwa, mutha kuyendanso patebulo lotsatirali:

Ndikofunikira kuwerengera phindu lililonse la munthu tsiku ndi tsiku polingalira zoperewera kuti muchepetse kunenepa. Pankhaniyi, mutha kudalira zakudya zamankhwala No. 9 ndi No. 8:

3-day prediabetes zakudya menyu

Nayi chitsanzo cha zakudya zamasiku atatu:

• Chakudya cham'mawa: yophika dzira, saladi wa masamba, chidutswa cha mkate wa rye.
• Tiyi yapamwamba: yogurt wowonjezera kalori.
• Chakudya chamadzulo: gawo la ng'ombe yophika, buckwheat, masamba atsopano ndi zitsamba.
• Tiyi yapamwamba: msuzi wamasamba, sauerkraut, mkate wa rye mkate, 1 apulo.
• Chakudya chamadzulo: yophika nsomba, zipatso zonona.
• Asanagone: kapu ya kefir.

• Chakudya cham'mawa: oatmeal ndi zipatso zatsopano, kagawo ka mkate wa ufa wa tirigu.
• Tiyi yapamwamba: 1 lalanje.
• Chakudya chamadzulo: msuzi wa nkhuku msuzi, mkate, masamba osenda.
• Tiyi yapamwamba: yogati.
• Chakudya chamadzulo: ng'ombe yophika, masamba atsopano, zukini wophika.
• Asanagone: odzola.

• Chakudya cham'mawa: phala lamkaka, 1 mphesa.
• Tiyi yapamwamba: kapu yokhala ndi zipatso ndi yogurt.
• Chakudya chamadzulo: msuzi wokhala ndi masamba otchinga nyama, bulwheat, saladi kabichi ndi nkhaka.
• Tiyi yapamwamba: kashiamu wotsika-kalori wokhala ndi mtedza.
• Chakudya chamadzulo: msuzi wa dzungu, mazira awiri owiritsa, chidutswa cha mkate.
• Asanagone: kapu ya kefir.

Kodi mankhwala amafunikira liti?

Pali nthawi zina, kuphatikiza pa zakudya ndi maphunziro akuthupi, dokotala amakupatsani mankhwala. Awa ndimankhwala ochepetsa shuga - Maninil, Amaryl, Glycidon, Glinides, Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors, etc. Ngati dokotala akuwapatsa mankhwala, zikutanthauza kuti ndi bwino kuthandiza wodwalayo kusintha shuga m'magazi ndikuchepetsa thupi (onaninso - momwe angachepetse thupi ndi matenda ashuga). Chachikulu ndichakuti "asamakololedwe 'ku mankhwalawa, kulipirira chakudya chomwe ali nacho, komanso kuti mumvetsetse kuti mankhwalawa sangakhale ovulaza - pokhapokha mukamawamwa, ndibwino.

Payekha, dokotala yemwe akupezekapo akhoza kukupatsani mankhwala a insulin. Monga lamulo, insulin yodziwikirayi imafotokozedwa ngati njira yochepa yofunikira kuthandizira kapamba "wotopa". Pamene chithandizo chikukula, pamene mutha kuchepetsa kukana kwa insulin mothandizidwa ndi maphunziro akuthupi ndi zakudya, kapamba “wopumulako” ayamba kuthana ndi ntchito zake, chifukwa kufunika kwa "kuvala" kudzatha.

Pankhani ya matenda a prediabetes, zinthu zopangira insulin sizilembedwa chifukwa zimatha kukhala zovulaza. Monga lamulo, pa nthawi iyi ya kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya, kapamba sikuti amangochepetsa kubisirana kwa insulin, komanso amapanga kuposa masiku onse. Vutoli siliri mu kapamba, koma kukana minofu. Ngati mukuthandizira kupanga insulini, zikondamoyo zimangonyamuka mwachangu kuposa zomwe zikanachitika popanda kuchitapo kanthu pakadwala.

Ngati muli ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, mutha kupewa kapena kuchedwetsa kukula kwa matendawa mwakutsatira malangizo osavuta ngati chakudya chapadera cha prediabetes:

Chepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amwedwa. Idyani zakudya zopanda mafuta ochepa komanso zamafuta ambiri osungunuka.

Idyani zopatsa mphamvu zochepa.

Chepetsa maswiti kuti muchepetse kukwera msanga wamagazi. Mwa zakudya zitatu zazikuluzikulu (chakudya, mapuloteni, ndi mafuta), zamafuta ambiri zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Lankhulani ndi dotolo wanu za njira yodyera yomwe muyenera kudya.

Kafukufuku wina wamkulu adawonetsa kuti anthu omwe amatsata zakudya - amadya masamba, nsomba, nkhuku, ndi zakudya za tirigu - ali pachiwopsezo chochepa kwambiri cha matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 poyerekeza ndi anthu omwe amadya nyama yayikulu, nyama yokonzedwa , mafuta amkaka amkaka, zakudya zabwino zamphesa ndi maswiti. Kukonzekera zakudya zanu za prediabetes nthawi zambiri kumakupangitsani kuwona zamitundu yatsopano. Pali njira zingapo zosavuta zosinthira zakudya zanu. Katswiri wovomerezeka wazakudya atha kukuthandizani kupanga mapulani azakudya zomwe zikugwirizana ndi moyo wanu.

Masewera olimbitsa thupi

Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa mphindi zosachepera 30 patsiku kwa masiku osachepera asanu pa sabata. Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi kuli kofanana ndi kuyenda mu mpweya wabwino, kuyenda mozungulira pamtunda wa mailo 900 pa ola limodzi, kuyenda kapena kuponyera mpira m'basiketi. Ndi ntchito zamtunduwu, mutha kuwona kuti mtima wanu ukugunda mwachangu.

Chitani zolimbitsa thupi kwa mphindi zosachepera 20 patsiku. Ndiwofanana kuthamanga, kupalasa njinga 12 mph, kusewera kapena kusewera basketball. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, mudzazindikira kuti kupuma kwanu kumafulumira ndipo mtima wanu ukugunda kwambiri.

Kutenga zinthu zingapo kwa mphindi 10 kapena kupitilira masana, mutha kutsatira malangizowa. Mutha kusankha nokha mtundu wamtundu uliwonse kapena wolimbitsa thupi. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumakuthandizani kuti muchepetse shuga lanu lamagazi pogwiritsa ntchito glucose ngati gwero lamphamvu panthawi yophunzira komanso pambuyo poti muchite zolimbitsa thupi. Zimakuthandizaninso kuyankha bwino ku insulin ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a shuga. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumakuthandizani kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino, muchepetse cholesterol yambiri, mumachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa choleopolotein (HDL) kapena cholesterol yabwino. Izi phindu zimathandizanso kupewa kukula kwa matenda a mtima ndi magazi a m'magazi (matenda amtima). Mutha kuthandizanso kuchepetsa chiwopsezo chanu chotenga matenda ashuga mwakuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwakanthawi nthawi iliyonse.

Makalasi akhoza kukhala ndi kuyenda pang'ono kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, monga kuthamanga, kuthamanga, kuyendetsa njinga kapena kusewera tenisi. Kafukufukuyu adawonetsanso kuti zinthu zina, monga kulima kapena kuphimba matalala, zimathanso kukhala ndi phindu. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za pulogalamu ya pulogalamu yoyeserera yolimbitsa thupi.

Mankhwala a prediabetes

Imwani mankhwala ngati mankhwala

Nthawi zina, madokotala amalembera mapiritsi kukonzekera, nthawi zambiri metformin. Amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga wopangidwa ndi chiwindi mwa munthu wokhala ndi insulin. Ikhozanso kukhala yoyenera pa polycystic ovary syndrome. Ngati dokotala wakupangirani mankhwala osakaniza ndi prediabetes, musaiwale kutenga monga momwe adakulamulirirani.

Okondedwa owerenga, moni! Matenda a shuga ndi mkhalidwe wa thupi pamene munthu ali ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a shuga. Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakwezedwa pang'ono, koma sikokwanira kuzindikira matenda ashuga. Ngati mutazindikira mtundu wa prediabetesic wa thupi munthawi yake, ndiye kuti chithandizo chanthawi yake chimapewetsa zovuta zovuta zokhudzana ndi matendawa. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti nthawi zina zovuta za matenda ashuhu zimawonekera kale kuposa kuzindikiritsa koyenera. Pali mtundu wina wamagulu komanso omwe ali pachiwopsezo chomwe aliyense ayenera kudziwa. Tidzakambirana zonsezi munkhaniyi.

Ndiye kudziwiratu? M'mawu azachipatala, izi ndizovulaza shuga. Mwachidule, uku ndikuphwanya mayamwidwe ndi kukonza shuga kulowa mthupi ndi chakudya ndi madzi. Mu matendawa, kapamba amapanga insulin, koma osakwanira. Anthu omwe ali ndi boma la matenda osokoneza bongo ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga a 2. Koma, musachite mantha nthawi yomweyo mukamva kufananaku. Matendawa amatha kuchiritsidwa. Kuti muchite izi, ndikokwanira kusintha kadyedwe kanu, moyo wanu, mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala, kubwezeretsanso shuga. Njira zosavuta izi zithandiza kupewa matenda a shuga.

Kusanthula shuga

• Norm - mpaka 5.5 mmol / l,
• Prediabetes - kuyambira 5.5 mpaka 6.9 mmol / l,
• Matenda a shuga - oposa 7 mmol / L.

Nthawi yomweyo, matenda a shuga amadziwika malinga ndi zotsatira zoyesa zingapo komanso kuyesedwa kofunikira ndi endocrinologist.

Mashuga a shuga - kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ngakhale okulirapo pang'ono kuposa zabwinobwino, sikuyenera kumangochenjeza dokotala, komanso inunso. Chofunika (simungathe kumwa madzi). Mwanjira imeneyi ndi pomwe kusanthula kungakhale kodalirika. Ngati mayeso angapo a shuga wamagazi awonetsa kuchuluka kwake, ndiye kuti adotolo amayenera kupereka magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha kupita ku hemoglobin ya glycated (akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'miyezi itatu yapitayo). Kusanthula kumeneku sikudalira kudya kapena zakumwa zam'mawa kwambiri. Mlingo wa hemoglobin wa glycated sayenera kupitirira 6%.

Zizindikiro ndi prediabetes

Mkhalidwe wa prediabetes nthawi zambiri umakhalapo popanda kutchulidwa, komwe kumapangitsa kwambiri kuzindikira kwakwanthawi. Koma, zizindikiro zina zidakalipo. Zomwe muyenera kulabadira:

• Kuchulukitsa ludzu
• Nthawi zambiri ndimapita kuchimbudzi kwakanthawi
• Kuwona koperewera
• Kutha mphamvu nthawi zonse ndi kutopa kwa thupi.

Nthawi zina, zizindikiro zina za prediabetes zimatha kupezeka nthawi yoyesedwa.

• Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lobadwa ndi matenda ashuga,
• Amayi omwe anali ndi matenda ashuga komanso kubereka mwana wamkulu (woposa 4 kg),
• Anthu onenepa kapena onenepa kwambiri,
• Anthu omwe amakhala ndi moyo wopanda komanso wokhalitsa,
• Okalamba
• Amayi omwe ali ndi vuto la ovary ya polycystic.

Kupeza matenda a prediabetes kumatha kuchitika m'njira zingapo: kuyezetsa magazi kuchokera chala kumaso kwa magazi, kuyezetsa magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha ya hemoglobin ya glycated komanso mkamwa.

Matenda a shuga - chithandizo ndi matenda a m'tsogolo

Kuzindikira kwa "prediabetesic state" - kenako? Kuti matendawa asakhale kwambiri, monga matenda ashuga, muyenera kuganizira mozama moyo wanu komanso zakudya zanu. Chithandizo chilipo, ndipo matendawo akhoza kukhala abwino. Zachidziwikire, chithandizo chonse chimakhala chazokhazokha, ndipo zimatengera matenda amthupi omwe adayambitsa matendawa. Ndikokwanira kupanga nokha pang'ono, chifukwa kuphwanya pang'ono kwa kutulutsa shuga kumatha kuwongoleredwa mosavuta. Poyamba, muyenera, muyenera kuchita kulemera kwanu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kuchita zolimbitsa thupi.

Kuphatikiza apo, adotolo amatha kukupatsani mankhwala monga metformin. Mankhwalawa adapangidwa kuti achepetse shuga m'magazi, si mahomoni. Imapezeka m'mapiritsi, ndipo ndi endocrinologist wokhayo amene ayenera kufotokozera. Musayambe kumwa mankhwalawa nokha. Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kwa odwala omwe ali onenepa kwambiri, pamene chithandizo chamankhwala chaphokoso sichithandiza kutsika shuga.

Kutenga Metformin sikutanthauza kuti tsopano mutha kudya chilichonse ndipo palibe chomwe chidzachitike! Zakudya, kusiya zizolowezi zoipa, moyo wokangalika ndi zakudya zoyenera ziyenera kukhala patsogolo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda monga prediabetes ndi matenda ashuga a 2. Musaiwale za kupewa matendawa, makamaka ngati muli pachiwopsezo. Muzikhala ndi thanzi labwino, muzidya zakudya zosakoma komanso zosakhwima, osasuta fodya, osamwa mowa komanso kusewera masewera - pamenepo simudzaopa thanzi lanu.

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga ndi wowerengeka azitsamba

Kwa nthawi yayitali, asayansi adatengera mbewu zina zomwe zingathandizire kuchepetsa shuga. Palinso zina zokhazikitsidwa ndi mbewu zomwe zimatha kuchepetsa kwambiri matenda a prediabetes. Ali ndi mwayi waukulu pazinthu zina - iwo samayambitsa mavuto komanso amachita zinthu modekha. Kukonzekera kwazitsamba kameneka kumapezeka m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana (ma syrups, tinctures ndi decoctions, ndi ena).

Zomwe zitsamba ndi mbewu zomwe zingathandizire ndi prediabetes:

• Maapulo owaza - ingodya maapulo atatu patsiku,
• Quoction wa oats - imabwezeretsa chiwindi bwino m'matenda a shuga,
• Kukakamira ukonde kulowetsedwa - muthanso kuwonjezera chomera ichi pamasupu ndi ma saladi,
• Walnut, kapena masamba atsopano a mbewu iyi - amapaka kulowetsedwa ndikumwa ndi shuga,
• Rosehips - chotere chodabwitsachi chimakweza chitetezo chokwanira komanso chimapangitsa kagayidwe kazachilengedwe m'thupi.

Chofunikira kumvetsetsa ndikuti chithandizo cha prediabetes sichiyenera kutsagana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala azitsamba - ziyenera kukhala zokwanira. Ma decoctions onse ndi kulowetsedwa kwa zitsamba zofunikira ziyenera kutsimikizira malingaliro ndi malangizo a dokotala.

Okondedwa owerenga, onani magazi anu kuti mupeze vuto lomwe limadza munthawi yake. Monga mudamvetsetsa kuchokera munkhaniyi, kuzindikira koyambirira kwa vuto ngati ili kumakuthandizani kuti mumvetsetse kuthetsa vutoli munthawi yake. Ndipo tsopano mukudziwa momwe mungachitire izi.
Owerenga okondedwa! Ndine wokondwa kuti munayang'ana blog yanga, zikomo nonse! Kodi nkhaniyi inali yosangalatsa komanso yothandiza kwa inu? Chonde lembani malingaliro anu mu ndemanga. Ndikufuna kuti nanunso mugawane izi ndi anzanu pamawebusayiti. maukonde.

Ndikukhulupirira kuti tikulankhulana kwa nthawi yayitali, padzakhala zolemba zina zambiri zosangalatsa pa blog. Kuti musawaphonye, ​​gwiritsani ntchito blog.

Khalani athanzi! Taisia ​​Filippova anali nanu.

Ndani angatenge kachilombo?

Zadziwika kuti anthu pafupifupi mamiliyoni asanu ndi atatu aku Russia akudwala matendawa, ndipo mwalamulo anthu opitilira 2,5 miliyoni ndi odwala matenda ashuga. Ena onse (pafupifupi 2/3) safuna thandizo kuchipatala, ndipo ambiri sadziwa za matendawa.

Gulu lamavuto limaphatikizapo:

• odwala onenepa kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda a shuga umachulukitsa ndi gawo lachitatu,
• anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lobadwa nalo (pali odwala matenda ashuga pakati pa abale),
• odwala kwambiri cholesterol
• azimayi okhala ndi
• anthu okalamba
• odwala omwe samalandira chithandizo cha matenda a periodontal kapena furunculosis.

Madokotala makamaka amagogomezera kufunikira kwa kuzindikira koyambirira kwa PD, chifukwa kumatha kulepheretsa kuwoneka kwa pathologies owopsa.

Matenda a shuga amatha kupezekanso mwa ana. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha matenda am'mbuyomu kapena nthawi ya postoperative. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira mkhalidwe wa mwana pakukhazikitsidwa.

Zinthu zomwe zimakulitsa mwayi wamatenda

Zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matenda a shuga asadutse kwambiri ndi monga:

• kuthamanga kwa magazi kumachulukitsidwa (140/90) kuphatikiza cholesterol yapamwamba,
• achibale enieniwo akudwala matenda osachiritsika omwe amadalira insulin,
• Matenda a shuga apezeka mwa mayi anu kapena mwa inu,
• kulemera kwa wakhanda kupitirira 4 makilogalamu,
• wapezeka (pakati pa chakudya)
• kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali.
• kugwiritsa ntchito khofi pafupipafupi (makapu oposa atatu patsiku),
• ziphuphu zakumaso ndi zotupa zina pakhungu,
• matenda a periodontal.

Chofunika cha mankhwalawa ndikuwonetsetsa kuti shuga ndiwabwinobwino. Chachikulu ndikuyesetsa kusintha moyo wanu.

Choyamba, muyenera kuwunika zakudya zanu.

Zakudyazo ziyenera kubwezeretsedwanso ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi fiber.

Zakudya zamafuta ziyenera kuchepetsedwa. Ndikofunikira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu omwe amadya (, maswiti).

Ndikofunika kugwirizanitsa chakudya ndi dokotala. Nthawi zonse onani kulemera kwanu.

Kuchulukitsa (mwa kukhala bwino). Phunzitsani thupi lanu, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera nthawi yophunzitsira.Yambani ndikuyenda. Zabwino kwambiri kuyendera dziwe. Lumikizani anthu oyandikira ku makalasi anu. Ngati chithandizo chimaphatikizapo kumwa mankhwala ena, tsatirani malangizo a dokotala.

Koma sichoncho ndiye mfundo. Chowonadi ndi chakuti aliyense: chiwindi chimaletsa kutulutsa kwa shuga, ndipo shuga amatsika pansi pazonse (ziwalo 3.3). Ndi "zopereka" pafupipafupi izi zimachitika masiku angapo. Ndiye kuti muyenera kumwa mosamalitsa.

Ma cookta okoma ndi zakumwa ndizoletsedwa.

Ndikulakwitsa kuganiza kuti mowa mu PD ungathe kutsitsa shuga. Komanso, chiopsezo chotenga matenda amtundu wa 2 ndichokwera kwambiri. Mowa wadzaoneni ambiri umatha kupha, chifukwa thupi lodwala silitha kulimbana ndi poizoni wambiri.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kumwa mowa pamimba yopanda kanthu kumaletsedwa kochepa asanagone!

Ndi prediabetes kapena gawo losavuta la matenda, mumatha kumamwa, koma muyenera kuchita izi mwa apo ndi apo osati oposa 150 g a mowa wouma kapena 250 ml ya mowa.

Mowa uliwonse umaletsedwa ngati PD imagwirizanitsidwa ndi ma pathologies ena:

• mafuta oyeretsa m'magazi,
• Matenda a kapamba ndi chiwindi,
• atherosulinosis.

Kukonda kumatsogolera ku kukula msanga. Amayi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chizolowezi chomwa.

Makanema okhudzana nawo

Kodi matenda a prediabetes ndi momwe angachitire? Mayankho mu kanema:

Zovuta zazing'ono mu mayamwidwe a shuga zimayankha bwino mankhwalawa. Pochiza matenda a prediabetes, zimatengera wodwalayo. Ngati mupeza mphamvu mwa inu nokha ndikusintha moyo wanu, mutha kudalira kuti matendawa atha kukhala popanda chithandizo chamankhwala.

Chizindikiro chowopsa cha matenda a shuga ndikuwonjezereka kwa shuga m'magazi pamiyeso yokhazikitsidwa mutatha kudya. Pankhaniyi, adokotala atha kuzindikira matenda a prediabetes. Panthawi imeneyi, odwala amatha kuwongolera matenda awo popanda mankhwala. Koma akuyenera kudziwa zomwe zizindikiro za prediabetes zimadziwika komanso chithandizo chamankhwala chotchulidwa mogwirizana ndi chiwembu chanji.

Zokhudza boma

Kuzindikira kwa prediabetes kumakhazikitsidwa pokhapokha ngati thupi sililabadira moyenera kutuluka kwa glucose kulowa m'magazi. Izi ndi malire pamalire: endocrinologist alibe chifukwa chokhazikitsira matenda a shuga, koma mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo ukuda nkhawa.

Kuti muzindikire za matendawa, kuyezetsa angapo ma labotale ndikofunikira. Poyamba, wodwalayo amatenga magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga. Gawo lotsatira ndikupangitsa kuyesa kwa glucose kulolerana (GTT). Pa kafukufukuyu, magazi amatha kumwedwa katatu. Mpanda woyamba umachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu, wachiwiri ola limodzi munthu atamwa njira yothetsera shuga: 75 g, yovilitsidwa mu 300 ml yamadzi. Ana amapatsidwa 1.75 g pa kilogalamu yolemera.

Mukamasala kudya, magazi othamanga sayenera kupitirira 5.5 mmol / L. Mlingo wa shuga m'magazi umakwera mpaka 6 mmol / l wokhala ndi prediabetes. Umu ndi momwe amafunikira kuyezetsa magazi. Ngati magazi a venous sampling adachitika, ndiye kuti ndende imayang'aniridwa kuti imakhala yofanana mpaka 6.1, ndi boma lamalire, zisonyezo zili mu 6.1-7.0.

Mu GTT, zizindikiro zimawunikira motere:

• shuga wambiri mpaka 7.8 amadziwika kuti ndiwopezeka,
• kuchuluka kwa shuga pakati pa 7.8 ndi 11.0 ndi matenda a prediabetes,
• shuga zomwe zili pamwamba pa 11.0 - shuga.

Madokotala samachotsa kuwoneka kwa zotsatira zabodza zabodza kapena zabodza, chifukwa chake, kuti mufotokozere bwino za matendawo, ndikofunika kuyesedwa kawiri.

Zizindikiro za matendawa

Ngati onenepa kwambiri, mumakhala moyo wongokhala, ndiye kuti chiopsezo chokhala ndi prediabetes ndi chambiri. Anthu ambiri salabadira zomwe zikuwoneka, samadziwa kuti achite. Chifukwa chake, madokotala amalimbikitsa kuyezetsa kuchipatala kwapachaka. Ikachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso a labotale, ndizotheka kudziwa mavuto omwe abwera.

Zizindikiro za prediabetes zimaphatikizapo mawonetsedwe otsatira a matendawa.

1. Zosokoneza tulo. Mavuto amabuka ngati pali vuto lina la glucose metabolism, kuwonongeka kwa kapamba ndi kuchepa kwa kupanga kwa insulin.
2. Maonekedwe a ludzu lalikulu komanso kukodza pafupipafupi. Ndi shuga wowonjezereka, magazi amakhala akachuluka, thupi limafunikira madzi ambiri kuti amuchotse. Chifukwa chake, pali ludzu, munthu amamwa madzi ambiri ndipo, monga chotulukapo chake, amapita kuchimbudzi.
3. Kuchepetsa zolemetsa zopanda pake. Pankhani ya insulin yopanga, glucose imadziunjikira m'magazi, ilowa m'misempha. Izi zimabweretsa kusowa mphamvu komanso kuwonda.
4. Khungu loyera, kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe. Chifukwa cha kukula kwa magazi, amayamba kudutsa moyipa kudzera m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono komanso ma capillaries. Izi zimapangitsa kuti magazi asamayende bwino: chifukwa, mathupi amawonongeka amachepa, kuyabwa kumawonekera.
5. Minofu kukokana. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi, njira yolowera zakudya zofunikira mu minofu imasokonekera. Izi zimabweretsa minofu kukokana.
6. Mutu, migraine. Ndi prediabetes, zombo zazing'ono zimatha kuwonongeka - izi zimayambitsa zovuta zamagazi. Zotsatira zake, kupweteka kwa mutu kumawonekera, migraines imayamba.

Zizindikiro za prediabetes mwa akazi sizimasiyana. Koma yang'anani kuchuluka kwa shuga ndikulimbikitsidwanso kwa iwo omwe apezeka ndi ovary ya polycystic.

Njira zoyeserera

Ngati mayesowa atawulula kukhulana kwa shuga, ndiye kuti kufunsa kwa endocrinologist ndikofunikira. Akulankhula za zakukula kwa mankhwala a prediabetes ndikupereka malangizo ofunikira. Mwa kumvera upangiri wa dokotala, mutha kuchepetsa chiopsezo chotenga matendawa.

Mankhwala a prediabetes, monga lamulo, sanakhazikitsidwe. Dokotala akufotokozerani za zomwe akuyenera kuchita kuti apewe matenda a matenda a mtima. Ambiri amangofunika kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kusintha zakudya zawo kukhala zofunikira. Izi zimathandizira osati kuchepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi matenda ashuga, komanso kusintha ntchito ya mtima.

Kafukufuku ku United States awonetsa kuti kusintha kwa moyo ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri yoletsera matenda a shuga poyerekeza ndi mankhwala omwe amapezeka. Dokotala, inde, amatha kupereka chithandizo ndi metformin, koma ndi prediabetes zotsatira zabwino zimapezeka ndikusintha kwamoyo. Malinga ndi kuyesera:

• ndikuwongolera zakudya komanso kuchuluka mokwanira, zomwe zimatsatiridwa ndi kuchepa kwa thupi ndi 5-10%, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda a shuga umachepetsedwa ndi 58%,
• mukamamwa mankhwala, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda umachepetsedwa ndi 31%.

Ndikotheka kuti muchepetse kwambiri mwayi wokhala ndi matendawa ngati muchepa. Ngakhale iwo omwe adaphunzira kale zomwe prediabetes imatha amatha kuchepetsa kukana kwa insulin ngati atachepetsa thupi. Kuchepa kwambiri kumatsitsidwa, kumaonekera kwambiri komwe kumakhala bwino.

Anthu onse omwe apezeka ndi prediabetes ayenera kuphunzira za zakudya zoyenera. Malingaliro oyamba a akatswiri azakudya zamagulu ndi endocrinologists ndikuchepetsa ma servings. Ndikofunikanso kusiyiratu chakudya chamafuta: makeke, makeke, makeke, buns ndi zoletsedwa. Ndipamene amalowa mthupi pomwe kulumpha m'mwazi wamagazi kumachitika. Koma kagayidwe kazakudya kameneka kamakhala kale ndi vuto, ndiye kuti shuga simalowa m'matangamu, koma amadziunjikira m'magazi.

Kuzindikira momwe mungachiritsire matenda ashuga, muyenera kudziwa mndandanda wazinthu zomwe waloledwa. Mutha kudya kwambiri, koma muyenera kusankha zakudya zokhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic komanso mafuta ochepa. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kudya kwa calorie.

Tsatirani kwa madokotala amalangizeni mfundo izi:

• ndibwino kukonda zakudya zamafuta ochepa okhala ndi fiber yambiri.
• Kuwerengera kwa kalori, kutsindika mtundu wa chakudya: mapuloteni, mafuta ndi michere yambiri
• kudya zamasamba, bowa, zitsamba,
• kuchepa kwa zakudya za mbatata, mpunga wopukutidwa woyera - zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi wowuma kwambiri,
• chakudya chopatsa thanzi chimapezeka ngati zopaka zophika, ziwotchera, kuphika,
• kuchuluka kwa madzi oyera, kupatula zakumwa zotsekemera za kaboni,
• kukana zakudya zopanda mankhwala.

Koma ndikwabwino kulumikizana ndi endocrinologist ndi katswiri wazakudya yemwe anganene ngati matenda amathandizidwa kapena ayi. Wopatsa zakudya amakuthandizani kupanga zakudya zomwe mumadya, kuphatikiza zomwe mumakonda komanso momwe mumakondera.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi

Chofunikira chothandizira pa matenda a prediabetes ndi kuchuluka kwa zochitika. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi kuphatikiza ndi chakudya zimakupatsani zotsatira zomwe mukufuna. Zochita ziyenera kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono kuti zisamadzaze thupi. Ndikofunikira kukwaniritsa kuchuluka kwapamwamba pamitima: ndiye kuti kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikabwino.

Aliyense akhoza kusankha mtundu wa katundu payekha, kutengera zomwe amakonda. Imatha kukhala malo oyenda, kuyenda kwa Nordic, kuthamanga, tennis, volleyball kapena makalasi omwe ali pakatikati olimbitsa thupi. Anthu ambiri amakonda kuphunzira kunyumba. Madokotala ati kuti katundu wa tsiku ndi tsiku wamphindi 30 azikhala wathanzi. Payenera kukhala osachepera 5 pa sabata.

Mukamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso mutatha kuphunzira, glucose imakhala mphamvu. Minofu imayamba kumeza bwino insulini, chifukwa chake chiopsezo chotenga matenda a shuga chimachepa.

Njira Zina Zamankhwala

Mwakugwirizana ndi adotolo, wodwala yemwe ali ndi prediabetes angayese kusintha matenda ake mothandizidwa ndi wowerengeka azitsamba. Koma mukamagwiritsa ntchito, musaiwale za zoyambira za zakudya zoyenera komanso kufunika kowonjezera ntchito.

Ambiri amalimbikitsa kudya buckwheat. Kukonzekera chakudya chopatsa thanzi, pukuta ma grits mu khofi chopukusira ndikutsanulira kefir usiku wofanana ndi supuni ziwiri pa chikho cha kefir. Imwani zakumwa zakonzekereratu m'mawa popanda kanthu.

Muthanso kumwa decoction wa nthanga za fulakesi: zipatso zosaphika zimathiridwa ndi madzi ndikuwiritsa kwa mphindi 5 (supuni ya mbewu zosweka imatengedwa mugalasi). Kumwa amalangizidwa pamimba yopanda kanthu asanadye chakudya cham'mawa.

Mutha kupanga kulowetsedwa kwa masamba a mabulosi abulu, ma currants ndi ma rhizomes a elecampane. Kusakaniza kumathiridwa ndi madzi otentha (supuni yokwanira chikho), iko kumazizira ndipo kumledzera tsiku lililonse pa 50 ml.

Prediabetes iyenera kuthandizidwa ndikuyang'aniridwa ndi endocrinologist. Ngati matendawo akuipiraipira, mankhwalawa sangaperekedwe nawo. Ngati adotolo atipatsa mankhwala, ndiye kuti pali chifukwa.

Koma kulandira mankhwala osokoneza bongo sikulepheretsa kudya komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Mapiritsi adzakulitsa chidwi cha minofu kuti glucose. Ngati matendawa atha kusinthidwa, ndiye kuti mankhwalawa amatha kusiyidwa nthawi.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo?

• Anthu okhala ndi achibale apamtima omwe amadwala matenda ashuga.
• Zizindikiro zake za prediabetes zimatha kupezeka mwa azimayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga komanso omwe amathandizidwa pa nthawi yobereka ndipo amabereka mwana wolemera makilogalamu 4 kapena kupitilira apo.
  
• Anthu onenepa kwambiri.
• Zizindikiro za matenda omwe akupezeka amapezeka mwa azimayi omwe ali ndi vuto la ovary.
• Odwala okulirapo kuposa zaka 45.
• Anthu omwe akudwala matenda oyamba a mucous membrane wamkamwa, dongosolo la biliary, chiwindi ndi impso.
• Odwala omwe ali ndi cholesterol yambiri yoyipa ndi triglycerides m'magazi, pomwe lipoproteins yapamwamba imatsitsidwa.
• Anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri yamatenda a mtima, amakonda thrombosis.

Pakachitika zinthu zingapo, kugwira ntchito kwa machitidwe ambiri m'thupi la munthu kumawonongeka, matenda a metabolic amakula, ndipo vutoli limatsala pang'ono kufa. M'tsogolomu, popanda kuchita panthawi yake, matenda amapanga mtundu wa shuga wachiwiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta kuchokera ku mantha, mtima.

Zizindikiro zamankhwala

Kodi nchiyani chomwe chingakhale zizindikiro ngati boma la matenda ashuga litakula, muyenera kuchita chiyani ngati zizindikiro za matendawo ziwoneka, ndi chithandizo chiti? Matendawa sangakhale ndi mawonekedwe omveka, koma nthawi zambiri, odwala amafotokoza zizindikiro zofanana ndi matenda a shuga:

• Kusenda kwa khungu, maliseche akunja.
• Kumva ludzu kwamphamvu.
• Kukodza pafupipafupi.
• Furunculosis.
• Mabala osachiritsika osachiritsa, abrasions.
• Mwa akazi, pali kuphwanya kwa msambo, mwa amuna - kusabereka.
• Matenda a mucous nembanemba wamkamwa: gingivitis, periodontitis, stomatitis.
• Zowonongeka.
• Migraine, chizungulire, kusokonezeka kwa tulo.
• Kuchuluka kwamanjenje, kusakhazikika.
• Usiku kukokana mu minofu minofu.

Ngati vuto lanu lonse likuipiraipira, ngati muli ndi zingapo mwazizindikirozi, muyenera kufunsa dokotala ndikuyezetsa mayeso a misempha yamagazi. Nthawi zambiri matenda oterewa amakhala asymptomatic ndipo amatha kuchitika mwapadera mukamayesedwa pafupipafupi. Chifukwa chake, odwala omwe ali pachiwopsezo amalimbikitsidwa kuwunikira glycemia ndikuwunika kwa katswiri kuti adziwe matenda ndi chithandizo cha nthawi yake.

Mankhwala

Ndi mankhwalawa omwe amathandizira odwala matenda ashuga azimayi ndi abambo pakakhala vuto lotenga matenda ashuga, kodi Metformin angachiritsidwe bwanji? Nthawi zambiri, odwala ndi mankhwala Metformin, ichi ndi mankhwala othandizira a gulu la Biguanide, amene amathandiza kuwonjezera minofu chiwopsezo cha insulin. Kuphatikiza apo, Metformin imathandizira kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa glucose owonjezera, imachepetsa mapangidwe ake ndi chiwindi. Mankhwala sayambitsa kukula kwa hyperglycemia. Metformin imachepetsa kuyamwa kwa shuga kuchokera m'mimba.

Mlingo ndi malamulo oti amwe mankhwalawo ndi mankhwala omwe dokotala angagwiritse ntchito ngati wodwala akuganizira za zovuta za wodwalayo komanso kuopsa kwa matendawa. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo ayenera kuchitika mu zovuta ndi zakudya zoyenera komanso zolimbitsa thupi. Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, Metformin imayambitsa zotsatira zoyipa zochepa, zimathandizira kuchepetsa kuphatikiza kolesterol ochepa. Metformin kwambiri amachepetsa chiopsezo chotenga matenda a mtima. Mankhwalawa apeza ndemanga zabwino pakati pa madokotala ndi odwala.

Matendawa mwa azimayi ndi abambo ndi belu loopsa asanafike mtundu wa shuga wachiwiri. Mutazindikira zizindikiro za matenda, muyenera kutsatira zakudya zamafuta ochepa zomwe sizikhala ndi mafuta a nyama. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi kumathandizira kuti khungu likhale ndi insulin. Ngati mumatsatira malamulo a zakudya, moyo wathanzi, matenda atha kuyimitsidwa kwa zaka zambiri, koma anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo amayenera kuwonetsetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga, cholesterol, triglycerides m'magazi.

Kukonza shuga kwamwazi

Madokotala samachitapo kanthu pa mankhwala a prediabetes nthawi zambiri. Chizindikiro chogwiritsa ntchito njira yothandizira mankhwalawa ndikuchepa kwa zotsatira zabwino za mankhwala mothandizidwa ndi chakudya komanso machitidwe olimbitsa thupi opangidwa mwapadera.

Nthawi zambiri, kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga opitilira muyeso, madokotala amapereka mankhwala a antidiabetesic Metformin, omwe amathandiza kuti thupi lizigwira bwino ntchito mpaka insulini, limalepheretsa kuyamwa kwa glucose m'matumbo, amachepetsa kupatsidwa shuga ndi chiwindi ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya kugwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwake, kutsitsa mafuta m'thupi.

Metformin ndi prediabetes, ndi mankhwala omwe amathandizidwa ndi dokotala payekhapayekha malinga ndi kuopsa kwa matenda.

Zoyipa zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwalawa ndi:

• kusakwanira kapena kuwonongeka kwa impso (kuchuluka kwa mtundu wa creatinine),
• mikhalidwe yomwe imakhudza magwiridwe antchito ya impso (kuchepa madzi m'thupi, matenda opatsirana, mantha, kuwongolera mayendedwe amisomali yokhala ndi ayodini, etc.),
• matenda omwe amatsogolera ku njala ya okosijeni ya minofu (kulephera kwa mtima, matenda opumira kwambiri, kufooka kwaposachedwa),
• kulephera kwa chiwindi
• uchidakwa
• yoyamwitsa
• Mimba ndi madzulo atatenga pakati,
• Hypersensitivity kuti metformin ndi zina za mankhwala.

Mankhwalawa sagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ana.

Zotsatira zoyipa. Nthawi zambiri, odwala omwe amamwa mankhwala a metformin amadandaula za mseru, kusanza, kusowa chilala, kutsegula m'mimba, kupweteka kwa epigastric, ndi kukoma kwazitsulo mkamwa. Zizindikiro monga erythema, lactic acidosis (kudzikundikira kwa lactic acid m'magazi) sizimawoneka pafupipafupi, ndipo mayamwidwe a vitamini B12 ndi opuwala.

Njira zopewera Mankhwalawa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo limodzi la mankhwala a monotherapy, komanso kuphatikiza mankhwala ena ochepetsa shuga, omwe chifukwa choti magazi sayang'aniridwa pakamabwera angayambitse kukula kwa hypoglycemia, komwe kumayambitsa chidwi komanso kulephera kugwira ntchito yofunikira.

Pa chithandizo cha mankhwalawa, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira ntchito ya impso, makamaka ngati wodwala, pazifukwa zilizonse, amatenga mankhwala kuti achepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi, diuretics (diuretics (diuretics) kapena NSAIDs.

Mukamamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, muyenera kusiya kumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa komanso zakumwa zoledzeretsa zomwe zimapangitsa zotsatirapo zake.

Pokonzekera opareshoni yofunsa mankhwala oletsa kupweteka, mankhwalawo amathetsedwa masiku awiri ntchito isanachitike.

Mndandanda wa mankhwalawa "Metformin" ndiwothandizanso wodwala wa gulu limodzi la Biguanides Siofor , yomwe imapangidwira prediabetes pazisonyezo zomwezo. Mlingo wochepetsetsa wa Siofor 500 ndiwofunika.

Mlingo ndi makonzedwe. Mlingo woyamba wa mankhwalawa ndi mapiritsi 2-3. Muyenera kuwamwa kamodzi kapena mukatha kudya. Pambuyo pa masabata 1.5-2, mlingo umasinthidwa malinga ndi zotsatira za kuyezetsa magazi kwa shuga. Mulingo waukulu ndi mapiritsi 6 patsiku.

Contraindication kuti agwiritse ntchito. Yemweyo mankhwala "Metformin".

Zotsatira zoyipa. Ndiwofanana ndi omwe amawonetsedwa panthawi ya Metformin.

Mankhwala omwe ali pamwambawa omwe ali ndi prediabetes angagwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, monga Maninil 5, Amaril, etc.

Oral hypoglycemic mankhwala Maninil 5 amatanthauza sulfonamides, wochokera ku urea. Mankhwala omwe amagwira ntchito ndi glibenclamide, yomwe imalimbikitsa maselo a beta ndipo potero amawonjezera katulutsidwe ka insulin.

Mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito onse pochiza odwala matenda ashuga komanso kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga mu prediabetes.

Kusankhidwa kwa mlingo wogwira kumachitika ndi dokotala potengera momwe thupi la wodwalayo limalemera komanso thupi. Yambani kulandira chithandizo cha mankhwala ochepa: 0,5 mapiritsi patsiku. Kenako, mankhwalawa amasinthidwa malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa odwala komanso kuchuluka kwa magazi.

Imwani mankhwala musanadye. Mapiritsiwo amameza lonse ndikutsukidwa ndi madzi. Muyenera kumwa mankhwalawa nthawi yomweyo tsiku lililonse. Njira yamankhwala imasinthidwa malinga ndi momwe wodwalayo alili.

Contraindication kuti agwiritse ntchito. Mankhwalawa sanapangidwire zochizira matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga. Siligwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kukonzekera kwakukulu kwa acidosis, pambuyo poti kapamba, ali ndi matenda a impso ndi chiwindi. Simungathe kulandira chithandizo cha mankhwala pamene mukubereka ndi mkaka wa m`mawere. Zosagwiritsa ntchito ana.

Osatipatsa mankhwala a hypersensitivity ku zigawo zake, ndikumveketsa chidwi cha sulfonamides ndi kukonzekera kwa sulfanylurea.

Zotsatira zoyipa. Chifukwa chotenga mankhwalawa, hypoglycemia imatha kukulira, kunenepa kwambiri, kusokoneza mayendedwe am'mimba. Kumayambiriro kwamankhwala, mwa odwala, kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kochepa komanso malo okhala, mawonekedwe a kuyabwa, zotupa za khungu, komanso kuwonjezereka kwa photossitivity zidadziwika. Zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri ndizosowa kwambiri.

Amaril ndi mankhwala ochepetsa shuga a kalasi imodzi ndi Maninil 5. Yogwira popanga mankhwala ndi glimepiride.

Mlingo ndi makonzedwe. Mlingo woyambirira wa mankhwalawa ndi 1 mg. Ngati zidzakhala zosakwanira, dokotalayo amawunika nthawi yomwe akuperekera mankhwalawo kapena kuwonjezera mankhwala.

Ndi prediabetes, mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amatchulidwa ngati vuto la Metformin lothandizira.

Contraindication kuti agwiritse ntchito. Mankhwala osavomerezeka amathandizira ana, amayi apakati, amayi oyamwitsa.

Simungathe kupereka mankhwalawa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la chiwindi ndi impso, komanso kwa omwe ali ndi hypersensitive pazigawo za mankhwala ndi sulfonamides.

Zotsatira zoyipa ndizofanana ndi mankhwala "Maninil 5".

Tikutenga mankhwala omwe ali pamwambapa ndi omwewo, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti popanda kutsatira zofunika za zakudya zamafuta ochepa, ndikosatheka kusintha vutoli. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amapanga tanthauzo limodzi kuphatikiza zakudya zoyenera komanso zolimbitsa thupi.

Kudya mavitamini ndi mavitamini osakanizira ambiri kumathandizira kukhalabe achangu ndikupeza zinthu zonse zofunika mthupi.

Matenda a shuga ndi vuto lomwe limafuna chisamaliro chapadera ku thanzi la munthu ndikusiya zizolowezi zoyipa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mowa ndi ndudu ziyenera kuyiwalika kwakanthawi. Komanso, kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso mowa mwauchidakwa nthawi zambiri kumatha kukhala zotsatira zosasangalatsa.

Njira zina

Popeza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo sikuti maziko a chithandizo cha prediabetes, ndipo zakudya ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi zimakondedwa, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina pochiritsira matenda okhudzana ndi glucose kuyenera kukambirana ndi dokotala. Ngati akuona kuti chithandizo chake ndi choyenera, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito maphikidwe a mankhwala achizungu omwe cholinga chake ndi kukonza kapamba, kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa shuga m'matumbo, ndikuwonjezera kagayidwe.

1. Kwa milungu itatu musanadye chilichonse, imwani chikho chimodzi cha magawo atatu a msuzi watsopano wa beet ndi kabichi (imwani zofanana). Pakatha sabata, maphunzirowo atha kubwerezedwa. Ngati wodwala wapezeka ndi pancreatitis, mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito "mankhwalawa" uyenera kukambirana ndi a gastroenterologist.
2. Pogaya m'mawa 2 tbsp. kudya ndikuwatsanulira ndi kapu ya kefir yamafuta ochepa, idyani mphindi 30 musanadye. Chitani zomwezo usiku, ndipo mugwiritse ntchito m'mawa musanadye chakudya cham'mawa.
3. Kuchiritsa saladi: kuwaza anyezi wamkulu ndi uzitsine wabwino wa katsabola ndi kusakaniza kwa parsley ndi nyengo ndi mafuta a maolivi. Thirani anyezi pamadzi otentha. Idyani saladi tsiku lililonse.
4. Kachulukidwe ka mbewu ya fulakesi imakhudza chimbudzi ndi kagayidwe (supuni 1 pa chikho cha madzi). Muyenera kutenga m'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Chithandizo cha prediabetes ndi zitsamba ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandiza komanso okoma malinga ndi muzu wa elecampane, masamba a buliberries ndi sitiroberi, m'chiuno chakumaso, udzu wa yarrow, mphukira za currant.

Homeopathy

Popeza zizindikiro zambiri za prediabetes zimakhala ngati chiwonetsero cha matenda a shuga 2, chithandizo cha mankhwala ofooketsa matendawa chimatha kuchitika limodzi ndi mankhwala omwe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwonjezera shuga. Koma mulimonsemo, musanayambe chithandizo ndi homeopathy, muyenera kufunsa dokotala za izi.

Mankhwala oyamba omwe munthu amene ali ndi shuga m'magazi ayenera kulabadira ndi sodium phosphoricum. Zimasankhidwa ngati zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda amtundu wa 2 ziwoneka. Kuphatikizika kwa mchere wa phosphorous kumasankhidwa payekha malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Monga kupewa matenda a shuga ndi kuyambika kwa zizindikiro za prediabetes, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa monga Arsenika, Graphitis, Sekale Cornutum. Kutsutsana ndi mankhwalawa kumatha kukhala kusalolera kwa ziwalo kapena zakumwa zoledzeretsa (poyambitsa zoledzera za mowa).

Ndikofunika kulabadira kuti njira zochizira homeopathic zimagwira chifukwa cha "kugogoda pang'onopang'ono", zomwe zikutanthauza kuti poyambira chithandizo, mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo ungakulire, zomwe sizikuwonetsa kuti sikuthandiza kapena kuopsa kwa mankhwalawa. Chinthu china ndikuti ngati mankhwalawa kwa nthawi yayitali (wopitilira miyezi iwiri) sawonetsa zotsatira. Kenako ndikofunika kusintha kapena kusanthula mulingaliro.

Chifukwa chiyani malire amalire?

Matenda a shuga koyambirira kumachitika pazifukwa zomwezi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda omwe sangathe kuchiritsidwa. Ndiye kuti, matenda a shuga amayamba chifukwa cha kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, omwe amathandizidwa ndi zakudya zosayenera kapena zopanda thanzi.

Kuphatikiza pazizindikirozi, kupsinjika mosalekeza komanso kusokonezeka kwa manjenje kumatha kukhala, ndipo mwa anthu ena, zimabweretsa chiyembekezo chobadwa nacho.

Momwe mungadziwire matenda

Matenda a shuga ndi zizindikiro zake sangathe kuganiziridwanso koyambirira. Nthawi zambiri anthu samazizindikira, ndipo zina mwazizindikiro zake zimatha kupezeka pokhapokha ngati atangoyesedwa. Uku ndiye chiopsezo cha malire. Nanga, momwe mungadziwire matenda a shuga komanso momwe mungadziwire mkhalidwe wa prediabetes? Ndi boma la matenda a shuga, mutha kukhala ndi zisonyezo 10 zoyambira:

1. Nthawi zonse kugona
2. Kutaya kwamaso
3. Zipsera komanso kuyaka khungu kosatha,
4. Kumva ludzu kwambiri
5. Kulakalaka kwathunthu kupita kuchimbudzi,
6. Kuchepetsa thupi kwambiri,
7. Minofu kukokana, makamaka usiku,
8. Thupi kapena ngakhale malungo
9. Mutu wosalekeza
10. Mukamayeza glucose wamagazi, chipangizocho chimawonetsa mfundo zapamwamba.

Kumbukirani momwe mungadziwire ndi momwe mungachitire matendawa, kuti musayambitse matenda. Zizindikiro za prediabetes sizosiyana kwambiri ndi matenda enieni, chifukwa chake simuyenera kuchita mantha ngati mwapeza chimodzi kapena zingapo mwazizindikirozi. Yang'anirani zaumoyo wanu kuchipatala kuti mupeze mayankho, koma osanyalanyaza njira yoyenera ya moyo kuti mupewe zovuta.

Kumbukirani kuti azimayi ali ndi chiopsezo chokhala ndi vutoli ngati ali ndi vuto la ovary polycystic kapena ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo (matenda omwe ali ndi pakati).

Kuzindikira ndi kulandira chithandizo ndikogwirizana, koma ambiri sadziwa zoyenera kuchita ngati mwapezeka ndi izi. Yankho lake ndi chakudya cha prediabetes. Kodi zakudya ndi chiyani? Izi ndi chakudya choyenera chokha, chomwe, chomwe, chimayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu athanzi.

Momwe mungadye

Kodi ndizotheka kuchiritsa matendawa komanso momwe mungachitire? Zakudya zopatsa thanzi kwa prediabetes zimaphatikizapo kutsatira nambala 8, yomwe imawonjezedwa pazosankha sabata, yomwe iyenera kukhala dokotala.

• Rye ophika buledi,
• Zopangidwa ndi mchere,
• Tchizi chamafuta ochepera komanso zinthu zina zamkaka,
• Masamba ndi zipatso zomwe zimawonedwa ngati zopanda chiyembekezo,
• Buckwheat phala
• Phala la barele
• Msuzi, koma wopanda msuzi wa nyama,
• Nyama yotsika
• Fyulidwe wamadzi ochepa.

• Mafuta ndi nsomba,
• Msuzi wamafuta onenepa,
• Zakudya zokometsera
• Zakudya zokazinga
• Mankhwala osuta
• Zinthu kuchokera muffin.

Zakudya izi sizikupereka zakudya zomveka, koma ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dokotala kuti apereke lingaliro lokhudza kutsatira zakudya.

Chifukwa chake, prediabetes ndi malire amalire ndipo ndibwino ngati matendawa apezeka pakadali pano, chifukwa ndiye kuti kwachedwa kwambiri kuyamba chithandizo. Tsatirani zakudya zoyenera, tsatirani malangizo a dokotala kuti mupewe zovuta komanso kukhala ndi moyo wonse.

Malamulo Opereka Magazi

Dongosolo la shuga, kapena dziko la prediabetes, ndi malire pamalire pakati pa thanzi labwino ndi matenda ashuga. Mwanjira imeneyi, kapamba amapanga insulini yofunikira pamoyo, koma pang'ono. Malinga ndi akatswiri, matenda a prediabetes nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2. Kuti mumvetsetse mwatsatanetsatane kuti prediabetes ndiyotani, muyenera kudziwa zonse zomwe zimayambitsa, zizindikiritso zake, komanso mawonekedwe ake.

Zizindikiro za nthendayo, chifukwa chake malire amalire amachitika

Kunenepa kwambiri komanso kukhala moyo wongokhala ndi zinthu zina zomwe zingayambitse matenda a endocrine, mtima ndi machitidwe ena. Polankhula mwachindunji za matenda am'mbuyomu, zizindikiro zimayang'ana pazinthu zotsatirazi:

• matenda osowa tulo, owonetsedwa ngati kusokonezeka kwa glucose, kuwonjezereka kwa ntchito zapamba.
• ludzu lalikuru ndi kukodza pafupipafupi - kuwonjezeka kwa shuga kumabweretsa kukula kwa magazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azisowa kumwa madzi nthawi zonse kuti athane ndi matenda oterewa,
• kuchepa thupi mwadzidzidzi popanda chifukwa,
• Khungu
• kukulitsa kwa ntchito zowoneka.

Kuphatikiza apo, zizindikiro za prediabetes zimatha kuwonetseredwa ndi ma minyewa othandizira, omwe amapangika chifukwa cholowerera mkati mwa michere. Mutu, migraines imayendanso ndi matenda. Zizindikiro zotere za prediabetes zimakwiyitsidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zazing'ono, zomwe zimabweretsa zosasangalatsa.

Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chikukulitsa chitukuko cha dziko lamalireyi chiyenera kuonedwa ngati insulin. Zotsatira zake, shuga wamagazi amawonjezeka. Popeza zonsezi, azimayi sayenera kunyalanyazidwa.

Madera omwe ali pachiwopsezo

Monga tanenera kale, anthu onenepa kwambiri ali pachiwopsezo. Malinga ndi akatswiri, zidzakhala zokwanira kutaya 10-15% kuti mukwaniritse bwino lomwe mthupi lanu. Kuyankhula za zoopsa zomwe zimachitika mwadzidzidzi, samalani ndi mfundo yoti:

• Ngati wodwala ali ndi kulemera kwakukulu, kuchuluka kwa mthupi kumaposa 30, ndiye kuti matenda a shuga amawonjezeka,
• samalani ndi zomwe anthu omwe ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi ayenera kuchita. Ngati chiŵerengerocho chiri pamwamba pa 140/90, chidzafunika nthawi ndi nthawi,
• Odwala omwe ali ndi abale omwe akumana ndi matenda omwe aperekedwa ayenera kuwongolera mkhalidwe wawo,
• Amayi omwe amadwala matenda ashuga omwe adadziwika panthawi yoyembekezera amayeneranso kuwunika kusintha kwa shuga m'magazi. Kuchepa kwa matenda a prediabetes ndikofunikira kwambiri.

Zotsatira za Magazi A shuga

Ndi prediabetes, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndiye njira yodalirika kwambiri yodziwira kupezeka kwa matenda ndi kulondola kwambiri. Monga mukudziwa, thanzi labwino la shuga limadalira zaka, koma nthawi zambiri limayenera kukhala kuyambira 5,5 mpaka 6 mmol pa lita.

Chifukwa chake, kuyang'ana kukhalapo kapena kusakhalapo kwa prediabetes, kuwunika kotsatiraku kumachitika. Wodwalayo amaloledwa kumwa madzi omwe minofu yaying'ono imakonzedwa, ndipo patapita nthawi (mphindi 60 kapena 120) mayesowo abwerezedwa.Kuti mudziwe bwino matendawa, kuwunika kumachitika kangapo mphindi 30 zilizonse.

Ngati zizindikirozo ngakhale maola awiri mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito zotsekemera ndizapamwamba kuposa kuchuluka kwa shuga (5.5 mmol), koma osafikira zomwe zikupezeka ndi shuga (7 mmol), ndiye kuti titha kukambirana za kuphwanya shuga. Kutsimikizira zotsatira za kusanthula, diagnostics angachitike tsiku lotsatira. Mitengo ya shuga iyenera kuvomerezedwa ndi dokotala.

Zakudya Zoyipa Zosiyanasiyana

Zakudya zoyenera kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga zizikhala zochepetsera kulumikizidwa kwathunthu. Zakudyazo ziyenera kuphatikizapo zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi fiber: masamba a masamba, zipatso, nyemba ndi masamba. Ubwino wazomwe zaperekedwa ziyenera kuonedwa ngati kudzaza m'mimba, kukhutitsa njala ndi kupereka.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mukasintha zakudya, kupezeka kwa zolimbitsa thupi (zomwe zimapangitsa kuti muchepetse thupi ndi 5-10%), mwayi wa matenda a shuga udzachepetsedwa ndi 58%.

Kodi zakudya za prediabetes ndizotani?

Palibe chakudya chogwirizana cha prediabetes. Kumbukirani, komabe, kuti mumatha kudya kwambiri, koma ndikofunikira kuti musankhe zakudya zokhala ndi GI yochepa komanso mafuta ochepa. Kutsatira ndikofunikira kwambiri ndipo kuchuluka kwa kalori kokwanira, kufotokozera zizindikiro zonse tsiku lonse. Ndi zakudya izi zomwe zingathandize kupewa prediabetes.

Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zimaloledwa komanso zoletsedwa panthawi yazakudya?

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi pamkhalidwewu zimaphatikizapo kukana kwathunthu mafuta (soseji, tchizi). Kuphatikiza apo, yolondola imatanthawuza izi:

• chakudya chokazinga
• zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi zida zopatsa mphamvu monga chakudya chophika kapena maswiti,
• chokoleti ndi makeke
• wokondedwa, kupanikizana, shuga.

Polankhula za zakudya zovomerezeka, samalani ndi zovomerezeka zakugwiritsa ntchito mkate (coarse kapena rye). Chovomerezeka ndikugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi mkaka - tchizi, tchizi wowawasa, mkaka wowotchera ndi ena. Tisaiwale za zabwino za nyama yazakudya ndi nsomba (kalulu, nkhuku, nkhuku).

Mwa zinthu zonse, zipatso zosakhudzidwa (mandimu, malalanje, pomelo ndi zina) ndizothandiza. Masamba monga kabichi, kaloti, phwetekere, dzungu ndi zina ndizovomerezeka. Musaiwale za zabwino za oat, balere ndi ngale. Maina omata amathanso kuphatikizidwa muzakudya.

Kodi chithandizo cha prediabetes ndi chiyani?

Kuti muthandizidwe bwino pamenepa, ndikofunikira kupereka njira yophatikizira. Ndikofunikira kutsatira zakudya, zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi, kugwiritsa ntchito osati mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, komanso mankhwala ena. Ndi endocrinologist yekha yemwe angayankhe funso la momwe angachiritsire matenda ashuga. Imasankhanso kuti mankhwalawo azikhala nthawi yayitali bwanji.

Nthawi zambiri, kutalika koteroko kumatenga miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mpaka zaka zingapo. Mu maphunziro onsewa, kufunsana ndi dokotala wopezekapo kungafunike, komanso kuyang'ana shuga. Izi zikuthandizani kuti muzitha kuyang'anira thanzi lanu nthawi zonse.