Kodi shuga azimayi apakati ndi otani?

Kuchulukitsa shuga panthawi yapakati kumachitika kawirikawiri. Mbali yodziwika bwino yamatendawa ndikuti imachitika pokhapokha ngati muli ndi pakati, ndipo pambuyo pobereka imadutsa yokha, osafuna chithandizo chowonjezera. Vutoli, ngakhale liwonekere kukhala losavuta komanso lopanda vuto, ndizowopsa, chifukwa zimatha kubweretsa kubadwa kovuta kapena kukula kwa fetal pathologies.

Chifukwa chiyani shuga amatuluka

Shuga wamagazi pamimba pafupifupi nthawi zonse imatuluka. Nthawi zina, kusinthaku kumakhala kosatheka, mwa ena amafikira kwambiri ndipo amachititsa matenda a shuga.

Makina olephera ndi osavuta.

  1. Asanakhale ndi pakati, thupi limawongolera kuchuluka kwa glucose: kapamba mu "mode wamba" amatulutsa insulin. Ndipo amagwiranso ntchito kusintha mtundu wa glucose m'magazi - samalola kuti iwonjezeke. Amanyamula shuga kupita ku maselo, alibe nthawi yoika ndikuvulaza thupi.
  2. Pa nthawi ya pakati, momwe ma Horoni amasinthira, zinthu zomwe zimalepheretsa zochita za insulin zimapangidwa. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakwera. Zikondamoyo zimapweteka kwambiri ndi ntchito yake, kupanga insulin kumachepa. Mbale zimasungidwa m'mafuta.

Kutsatira ziwalo za amayi, mwana wosabadwayo amayamba kuvutika: amalandiranso magazi okhala ndi shuga wokwanira. Chifukwa cha izi, katundu pa osapangidwa mokwanira komanso osalimbikitsidwa mokwanila wa mwana amakula. Thupi limayamba kugwira ntchito molimbika, kagayidwe kamafulumira, pamakhala mafuta ochulukirapo. Zotsatira zake, mwana wosabadwayo amakula kwambiri.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa

Matenda a shuga omwe amapezeka m'mimba amapezeka mu 3% ya amayi apakati.

Gulu lowopsa limaphatikizapo amayi apakati:

  • onenepa kwambiri
  • shuga wambiri wa mkodzo
  • omwe ali ndi abale a magazi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga,
  • zaka zopitilira 30, makamaka ngati uku ndi woyamba mimba,
  • ndi polycystic ovary syndrome,
  • kukhala ndi vuto la matenda ashuga m'mimba yapitayi.

Izi ndizomwe zimayambitsa shuga wambiri. Ngati mayi ali ndi zaka zosakwana 25, kubereka kwake kumachitika popanda zovuta, palibe zowonjezera zowopsa, ndiye kuti mwayi wokhala ndi matenda osokoneza bongo ndi ochepa.

Zizindikiro za matendawa

Ndikosavuta kudziwa matenda anu ngati simupanga mayeso apadera. Ali ndi zizindikiro zosamveka:

  • kukodza pafupipafupi komanso kopanda zambiri, nthawi zina - osalamulirika,
  • ludzu, kamwa yowuma mosalekeza
  • kulakalaka
  • kufooka, kutopa,
  • kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe
  • kuchuluka kwa mavuto.

Ndi matenda ofatsa, matendawa samadziwonetsa mwanjira iliyonse, Zizindikiro zofatsa sizimapatsa chidwi mayi kapena madotolo: kugona, kuyendera chimbudzi pafupipafupi ndikumva pakamwa kofala ndizabwinobwino kwa thupi lomwe moyo wina unabadwa. Tsopano pakufunika mphamvu zambiri.

Kuti mupeze bwino matendawa, onani momwe zizindikirozo zidapatukira panjira, pangani kusanthula kwapadera - kuyesa kwa kulolera kwa glucose. Potere, zitsanzo zamagazi sizimatengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, koma mukamwa madzi ndi shuga. Kusanthula uku kumachitika kwa amayi onse apakati kwa milungu 22 mpaka 28.

Nthawi zambiri, chizindikirocho ndi 3.3-5.5 mmol / L. Matenda a gestational matenda a shuga amanenedwa kukhala pomwe shuga ya mayi woyembekezera ndi 5.5-7.0 mmol / L. Shuga wapakati wokhala ndi pakati amawerengedwa monga chisonyezo cha 7.1 mmol / L komanso chokwera. Kuwonetsera (i.e., chiwonetsero choyambirira cha zomwe zilipo) matenda a shuga akuwonetsedwa ngati chizindikiro chikuposa 11.1 mmol / L.

Ngati shuga ndiwambiri kwambiri, kuwunikiranso kuyeneranso kutengedwanso, chifukwa nthawi zonse pamakhala chiwopsezo cha miyezo yolakwika: shuga ya magazi amasintha masana.

Kuyesedwa kowonjezereka ndi kusanthula kwa glycated hemoglobin. Zimapereka zotsatira zolondola kwambiri, zikuwonetsa momwe kuchuluka kwa glucose kwasinthira sabata yatha.

Ndi shuga wamagazi ochulukirapo panthawi yomwe muli ndi pakati, osavomerezeka kumwa mapiritsi aliwonse, imwani mankhwala. Choyamba muyenera kuyesa mwachilengedwe kuchepetsa chizindikiro ichi ndikuyesera kuchisunga nthawi zonse tsiku lonse.

Malangizo akuluakulu ngati shuga wapezeka:

  • zakudya zabwino, nthawi 5-6 patsiku,
  • kuchotsedwa kwa zopatsa mphamvu zamafuta pang'ono,
  • Kuchepetsa kudya kovuta kwa zakudya zopatsa mphamvu mpaka 50%,
  • zolimbitsa thupi koma zolimbitsa thupi,
  • shuga.

Ngati mayi woyembekezera ali ndi shuga wambiri, musachite mantha. Nthawi zambiri amatha kukhazikika pogwiritsa ntchito menyu woyenera. Chifukwa chake, chidwi chachikulu mankhwalawa chimaperekedwa kwa zakudya.

Zosokoneza - mafuta osavuta (ma muffins, maswiti, shuga) samachotsedwa muzakudya. Chifukwa cha iwo, kulumpha kowopsa kwambiri m'magazi akatha kudya kumawonedwa. Kuledzera kwa zovuta zamafuta (pasitala, mbewu monga chimanga) kumachepetsedwa ndi 30-50%. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muzitha kuyendetsa magazi.

ZoletsedwaZochepaZololedwa
Shuga

Wokondedwa, maswiti, kupanikizana

Gulani Zipatso Zazipatso

Zakumwa Zokoma za kaboni

Semolina phala

Mphesa, nthochi, vwende, Persimmon, masiku

Soseji, masoseji, chakudya chofulumira

Durum tirigu pasitala

Mafuta a nyama (batala, mafuta a nkhumba), tchizi chamafuta

Mavwende

Zamasamba, kuphatikizapo Yerusalemu artichoke

Nyemba, nandolo ndi nyemba zina

Mkate wa ndani

Buckwheat, oatmeal, barele, mapira

Nyama yopanda, nkhuku, nsomba

Zoyenda mkaka wolimba

Zipatso kupatula zoletsedwa

Mafuta ophikira

Malangizo ofunikira ndikusintha kwa zakudya zazodwala. Kudya zakudya zazing'ono 5-6 patsiku kumakupatsani magawidwe ogawana tsiku lonse. Chifukwa chake, katundu pa kapamba amachepetsedwa, amayamba kukhala wolingalira bwino.

Njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli ndi kugwirizanitsa menyu ndi chakudya: ndikofunikira kuyendetsa zama calorie ndi mtengo wake, kugwiritsa ntchito mavitamini ndi michere kuti mwana asabadwe bwino.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi

Gawo lachiwiri ndi ntchito zolimbitsa thupi. Izi sizokhudza katundu wolemera kwambiri. Kuti mukhale ndi shuga wokhazikika, Cardio yosavuta ndiyokwanira - kuyenda mu mpweya watsopano. Muyenera kuyenda kawiri pa sabata kwa maola 1-3 mwachangu. Mutha kugawa panthawiyi pamaulendo angapo.

Katundu wa Cardio wopepuka umalemeretsa zinthu za amayi ndi za fetus ndi mpweya. Mowa wambiri umadyedwa, osadzikundikira mwanjira yamafuta. Chifukwa cha izi, ndipo mulingo wake m'magazi umachepa. Chifukwa chakuyenda mokhazikika, ndizotheka kuti musamangolimbitsa thupi, komanso kuti muchepetse kunenepa kwambiri ndikuletsa kulemera.

Jakisoni wa insulin

Kuphatikiza zakudya ndi ntchito zolimbitsa thupi kumapereka chothandiza kwambiri pochiritsa. Mwambiri, kukhazikika kwa misinkhu ya shuga kumatheka. Zotsatira zake zikuwonekera patatha masiku angapo. Ngati mankhwalawa sakugwira ntchito, dokotala atha kukulemberani insulin.

Insulin ndi yotetezeka kwa amayi ndi ana. Sichosokoneza. Pambuyo pobadwa mwana, imathetsedwa, ndipo thupi la mzimayilo limadzichitira lokha.

Chithandizo chikuyenera kuchitika moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala. Ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizowo, onani nthawi ya jakisoni, pendani shuga msanga. Nthawi ndi nthawi, muyenera kuchita izi kuchipatala.

Kuwerenga konse kudalembedwa. Kuwona kungathandizire kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga anu ali ndi pakati. Zoyenera kuchita ndi izi, adokotala asankha. Malinga ndi zotsatira za kuunika, amatha kusintha njira zochizira, ndikuganiza zothandiza za insulin.

Zotsatira zake komanso zoopsa za shuga wambiri

Shuga wambiri mwa amayi oyembekezera ndi owopsa kwa amayi ndi ana. Zimabweretsa kukula kwa zovuta zingapo mu fetus, otchedwa. matenda ashuga fetopathy. Vutoli limadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa thupi la mwana wosabadwa, komwe kumaonekera bwino pa ultrasound. Pakatha milungu 20, mtozo umayamba kuonekera.

Ana amabadwa okulirapo, ngakhale mopitirira muyeso: oposa 4 kg. Mwayi wotere umakhala wowopsa kwa ana, chifukwa chiopsezo chovulala pakubadwa chimakula kwambiri. Kwa amayi, kubereka kumakhala kovuta kwambiri.

Fetal hypoxia imayamba: kusowa kwa mpweya. Zimakhala ndi zotsatirapo zoipa kwa mwana. Mu ana, chifukwa cha izi, kusinthika kosiyanasiyana kumawonedwa: kuphwanya kuchuluka kwa chitukuko, mafupa, kupatuka pakapangidwe ka ziwalo, matenda a mtima ndi ma genitourinary system amawonedwa. Kuposa ena, ziwalo zamkati zimavutika: chiwindi, gren adrenal.

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa glucose, mwana samatulutsa kupuma, ubongo. Izi zimabweretsa imfa ya fetal kapena kufa m'masiku ochepa pambuyo pobadwa. Ichi ndiye chinthu choyipa kwambiri chomwe chikuwopseza shuga ochulukirapo mwa amayi apakati.

Koma, makamaka, kubala mwana kumathetsedwa mwachilengedwe kapena ndi gawo la caesarean ngati mwana wosabadwayo ndi wamkulu kwambiri. Masiku ochepa pambuyo pobadwa, misempha ya shuga imabweranso yokhazikika. Izi ndichifukwa choti ma hormonal maziko amasintha, ma insulin blockers amaleka kupanga. Koma chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda am'tsogolo chikuwonjezereka.

Pomaliza

Sizingatheke kuti muchepetse matenda ashuga, koma ngati apezeka kale, muyenera kusintha mwamphamvu momwe mumaonera zakudya. Osati chilichonse, chambiri komanso nthawi iliyonse, kulungamitsa ndi mimba. Zakudya zophatikizidwa bwino komanso kupezeka kwa zakudya zopatsa thanzi zambiri momwemo zimachepetsa kwambiri shuga.

Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi zotheka, chakudya, shuga zofunikira m'malo mwake (stevia), kuwongolera thupi mosamalitsa kumathandiza kuthana ndi vutoli.

Ndi shuga wowonjezereka m'mwazi wa mayi wapakati, onetsetsani kuti:

  • amayesedwa ndi dokotala wazamankhwala (milungu iwiri iliyonse),
  • kufunsa kwa endocrinologist (milungu iwiri iliyonse kapena sabata iliyonse - munthawi yowonongeka),
  • kuyang'anira kwa othandizira (onse olemba nyengo),
  • kufunsira kwa ophthalmologist (kamodzi pa trimester, makamaka pambuyo pobala),
  • kulandiridwa ndi katswiri wa mitsempha (kawiri pa nthawi yoyembekezera).

Kutsatira malangizo a madokotala, kulandira zipatala ndi insulin kungapeweke.

Mwazi wamagazi

Magazi a glucose amatengedwa mu trimester iliyonse. Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'mimba zimatengera komwe mayesowo adachokera, kuchokera mu mtsempha kapena chala.

Gome - Mitundu ya shuga m'magazi apakati
Njira yotsatsira magaziMwazi wamagazi
Kuchokera msempha4.0-6.1 mmol / L
Kuchokera pachala3,3-55 mmol / L
Maola awiri mutatha kudya, kapena maola awiri mutatha kutsitsa shugaKufikira 7.8 mmol / l

Malamulo a zitsanzo za magazi:

  • Palibe kalikonse kusanthula kwa pafupifupi maola 8.
  • Mutha kumwa madzi okha.
  • M'mawa kusanachitike kusanthula, ndizoletsedwa kutsuka mano.
  • Osasuta musanakonze (ngakhale amayi apakati sayenera kusuta).
  • Pewani kupsinjika (kupsinjika kumawonjezera shuga).
  • Musanaunike, chotsani zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri.
  • Osamatafuna chingamu musanawunikidwe.
  • Musapereke magazi kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa shuga mutadwala kumene.

Kuyesedwa kwa glucose kumachitika kwakanthawi kwamasabata 24-31. Pa mayeso awa, mkazi amabwera m'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikupereka magazi. Pambuyo pake, amapatsidwa chakumwa cha magalamu zana a shuga osakanizidwa ndi madzi. Pakatha ola limodzi komanso pambuyo maola awiri, kuyezetsaku kumachitidwanso ndipo kusintha kwa glucose kumawonedwa. Nthawi zambiri, zimayenera kuchepa ndipo pambuyo maola 2 ziyenera kukhala ochepera 7.8 mmol / L.

Shuga wotsika

Mchere wotsika umakhala osowa kwambiri, nthawi zambiri pamakhala kuchuluka. Zifukwa zochepetsera shuga:

  • cholakwika cha labotale
  • kulemera kwambiri kwa thupi kwa mkazi,
  • kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, njala, chakudya chotopetsa,
  • toxosis wamkulu pa nthawi yobereka,
  • mankhwala osokoneza bongo a insulini (ngati mayi woyembekezera wapezeka kale ndi matenda a shuga ndipo ali pamankhwala a insulin).

Ndikosavuta kukonza vutoli, kukhazikitsa zakudya zopatsa thanzi, zopatsa thanzi, mungafune shuga wambiri.

Matenda a shuga

Gestationalabetes mellitus (GDM) ndi matenda ashuga omwe amapezeka nthawi yapakati. Matenda a shuga oterewa amaphatikizidwa ndi kusintha kwa thupi la mayi wapakati komanso ndi katundu yemwe amagwera kapamba. Matenda a shuga oyembekezera amapezeka pafupifupi 10% ya azimayi.

Nthawi zambiri, mwana akabadwa, GDM imadutsa popanda kufufuza. Koma pali imodzi "koma" ... Matenda a shuga omwe amapezeka nthawi ya pakati akuwonetsa momwe mkazi amatengera matendawa. Pali chiopsezo kuti pakapita nthawi, odwala matenda ashuga enieni amakula, ndiye pambuyo poyimba motere muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa thanzi lanu, kutsatira moyo wabwino komanso kudya zakudya zoyenera.

Zowopsa za GDM:

  • Kunenepa kwambiri.
  • Odwala matenda ashuga abale.
  • Mayi wamtsogolo ali ndi zaka zopitilira 30.
  • Mimba yokhala ndi fetus wopitilira umodzi.
  • Kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Zotsatira za shuga wambiri mwa mayi woyembekezera

Glucose ochulukirapo amapitilira kamwana kupita kwa mwana, koma insulini ndi yayikulu ndipo siyingadutse mu zosefera. Thupi la mwana silingathe kulimbana ndi kuchuluka kwa glucose, kapamba sanakonzekerere katundu woterowo, motero kusintha koyipa kumachitika m'thupi la mwana.

  • M'mwana, minofu yamafuta am'mimba imayamba kukula mwachangu, lamba komanso chifuwa cham'mimba zimachulukana kwambiri. Pofika nthawi yobadwa, mwana amayamba kulemera kwama kilogalamu oposa 4-4,5.
  • Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga, placenta imasokonekera, imakula, kukula, makulidwe a glucose amawononga ziwiya zowonongeka za placenta. Popeza placenta imagwira bwino ntchito, mwana amadwala matenda a okosijeni (hypoxia). Woopsa milandu, izi zitha kuchititsa kuti mwana aphedwe.
  • Mikhalidwe ya shuga wamkulu, chiopsezo cha kubadwa mwatsopano kwa mwana chikukula.
  • Chiwopsezo cha polyhydramnios chikuwonjezeka.
  • Unyinji wokulirapo wa mwana umapangitsa kuti kubereka kubereka, akhoza kukhala ndi njira yotsogola, mwana akhoza kulandira kuvulala kwake (kuvulala kwa kolala, kukomoka kwa mitsempha). Pakubala kwachilengedwe, nthawi zambiri mumayenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zolerera komanso makina otulutsa. Chifukwa chake, choyambirira, ndi unyinji waukulu wa mwana wosabadwayo, ndikuyenda kwa gawo laesesan.

Malangizo a shuga ambiri

Komabe, zonse sizowopsa. Ndi amayi apakati omwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda a shuga pakapita nthawi, izi zimavuta kupewa. Chinthu chachikulu kutsatira izi:

  1. Chinthu choyamba komanso chofunikira kwambiri ndi zakudya. Nthawi zambiri, mukamadya, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumabweranso kwina ndipo chithandizo chamankhwala sichofunikira.
  2. Tsiku ndi tsiku amayenda mumlengalenga watsopano, makalasi a yoga azimayi apakati, popeza shuga amadyedwa panthawi yogwira minofu. Komanso, mukamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, magazi a chiberekero amasintha, mpweya wambiri umaperekedwa kwa mwana. Kuyenda ndikupewa wabwino wa fetal hypoxia.
  3. Ngati malingaliro omwe ali pamwambawa sabweretsa zotsatira zoyenera, mungafunike kusankha kuti mukhale ndi insulin. Pambuyo pobadwa, imatha kutha, ndipo glucose akhale pamlingo wabwino popanda mankhwala.

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi za glucose

Tilankhula kwambiri pankhani yazakudya mopitirira muyeso wamagulu a shuga pa nthawi yapakati.

  • Thanzi liyenera kukhala loyenera komanso lokwanira. Palibe chifukwa chomwe muyenera kumwalira ndi njala! Payenera kukhala chakudya chambiri 5-6 m'magawo ang'onoang'ono.
  • Pewani chakudya chamafuta (maswiti, makeke, mbatata, wowuma, zakumwa zotsekemera, mikate yoyera, uchi, semolina, chakudya chofulumira). Sankhani shuga kwathunthu pachakudya.
  • Chepetsa kuchuluka kwamafuta. Pelekani nyama ya nkaka, kalulu, nkhuku.
  • Imwani 2 malita a madzi oyera tsiku lililonse.
  • Ganizirani zamasamba ndi zipatso.

Zakudya zoterezi sizingakuthandizeni kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, komanso kuti musapeze mapaundi owonjezera.

Kusiya Ndemanga Yanu