Njira Zothanirana ndi Matenda A shuga

Malinga ndi WHO, chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndi pafupifupi mamiliyoni 300. Izi ndi pafupifupi 6% zaanthu, zomwe zimaphatikizapo magulu azaka za 20-79. Malinga ndi kuneneratu kwaposachedwa, m'zaka 10 ziwerengero mdziko lathu zitha kufika pafupifupi mamiliyoni 10. Izi ndizowopsa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kuwopsa kwa matenda ashuga, kuchuluka kwaimfa komwe kukukulira. Pankhaniyi, kupewa matenda a shuga ndi ofunika, memo womwe wafotokozedwera m'nkhaniyi.

Kuopsa kwa matenda ashuga ndi chiani?

Matenda a shuga amatanthauza matenda omwe ali ndi zovuta zingapo. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Matenda a mtima.
• Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ndi ziwiya zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala pamphepete, kuphatikizapo m'miyendo.
• Mphamvu zowoneka.
• Kuwonongeka kwa chidwi, kukokana, kupweteka m'malo otsika.
• Mapuloteni mumkodzo, kusokonekera kwa dongosolo lachiberekero.
• Zilonda zam'mapazi, njira ya necrosis yokhudzana ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamitsempha, minyewa, minofu, khungu.
• Matenda: pustular ndi fungus.
• Matenda a shuga, hypoglycemia.

Nthawi zina zovuta zoterezi zimabweretsa imfa. Chifukwa chake, kupewa matenda ashuga ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri.

Mitundu yoyamba ndi yachiwiri

Matenda a shuga ndi gulu lamatenda omwe amadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa magazi a shuga ambiri, mochuluka kwambiri momwe ziliri zovomerezeka. Kuphatikizika uku kumalumikizidwa ndi timadzi timene timatchedwa insulin, timene timapangidwa ndi kapamba, womwe umagwira gawo lofunikira mu kagayidwe.

Monga mukudziwa, chakudya chachikulu m'magazi ndi glucose, yomwe imakhala gwero lamphamvu la moyo wa machitidwe onse a thupi la munthu. Ndi chifukwa chake kuti insulini ikufunika.

Matenda a shuga amagawidwa mitundu iwiri. Pazifukwa izi, kupewa matenda ashuga kumasinthanso. Izi zikufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane pansipa.

• Mtundu woyamba - wodziwika ndi kusowa kwa kupanga kwa insulin ya mahomoni,
• Mtundu wachiwiri - umachitika ndi kuchuluka kokwanira, koma osayanjana bwino ndi maselo.

Zotsatira zake, glucose amasungidwa m'magazi, ndipo samatha kulowa m'maselo, ndipo munthu amakanidwa "mafuta" ofunikira kwa iye.

Matenda a shuga. Zifukwa. Kupewa

Mwa zina mwa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, 4 zimatha kusiyanitsidwa.

1. Choyambitsa kwambiri ndikubadwa. Pankhani ya kudwala kwa wachibale wina wapamtima, mwayi wodwala matenda a shuga ndiwokwera kwambiri. Ngati uwu ndi mtundu woyamba, ndiye kuti pafupifupi 5% ya anthu amalandila cholandila kwa amayi, pafupifupi 10% kumbali ya makolo. Amayi ndi abambo onse akamadwala, zinthu zimakulirakulira, ndipo ngozi yodwala imadumphira mpaka 70%. Potengera mtundu wachiwiri, mkhalidwe wowopsa kwambiri umawonedwa. Kuchokera kwa kholo limodzi, 80% amadwala, ndipo kuchokera kwa awiri, zonse zimakhala zosatheka.
2. Choopsa chachikulu chotenga mtundu wachiwiri ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Pakakhala kunenepa kwambiri komanso mafuta ambiri, thupi limagonjera bwino insulin, zomwe zimathandiza kuti matendawa akule. Kupatuka kwakudya kumathanso kunena kuti, chifukwa chake, kudya zakudya ndizofunikira kwambiri kupewa matenda ashuga.
3. Zinthu zomwe zimangobwera pafupipafupi zimatha kuyambitsa matendawa, zomwe, monga lamulo, sizophweka kwa aliyense kupewa. Poona maziko a zotupa zamanjenje, zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga zimayamba kuyenda m'magazi.
4. Zomwe zimayambitsa zimathanso kukhala matenda angapo, monga autoimmune (maselo a chitetezo cha mthupi akaukira matupi awo), kuthamanga kwa magazi, ischemia, atherosclerosis, ndi ena ambiri.

Kutengera ndi kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, ndikotheka kudziwa momwe angapewere. Ganizirani njira zoyambira.

Njira zazikulu zopewera

Chifukwa chakuti matenda ashuga ndi matenda omwe sangathe kuchiritsidwa, ndikofunikira kutenga thanzi lanu m'manja mwanu ndikufufuza momwe mungatetezere matendawa.

Masiku ano, madokotala amalimbikitsa njira zingapo zopewera matenda ashuga, monga:

• Kupewa matenda a shuga.
• Kuzolowera kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi.
• Kuphatikiza zakudya zopatsa thanzi zomwe zimakhala ndi zakudya zomwe glycemic index yake ili pansi pa mtengo wa 50.
• Maphunziro okana kuthana ndi mavuto.

Zizindikiro za matendawa

Kupewa matenda a shuga kumakhudzana ndi mtundu wachiwiri, popeza woyamba ndi matenda obadwa nawo, njira zake zopewera ukalamba sizikudziwika masiku ano. Koma pali njira zomwe zingathandize kupewa zovuta zoyipa, zomwe tatchulazi. Kuti muchite izi, choyambirira, muyenera kuphunzira zambiri momwe mungathere zokhudza zizindikiro za matendawa kuti muyambe kulandira chithandizo munthawi yake.

Zizindikiro zake zimaphatikizapo:

• Kuchuluka ludzu (kumwa kwa 3 mpaka 5 malita patsiku).
• Kuchulukitsa pokodza - usana ndi usiku.
• Pakamwa pakamwa.
• Kufooka m'misempha ndi miyendo.
• Kuchulukitsa chilakolako.
• Kuchepetsa bala kuchiritsa.
• Maonekedwe a kuyabwa, makamaka mwa akazi, m'dera lachiberekero.
• Kutopa ndi kugona.
• Kuonda kwambiri mu mtundu woyamba komanso kunenepa kwambiri kwachiwiri.

Kuteteza matenda a shuga 1

Ponena za kupewa matenda ashuga amtundu 1, zotsatirazi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa. Ndi matendawa, pali zovuta zowopsa za insulin, motero, jakisoni wake wa tsiku ndi tsiku ndiwofunikira. Pafupifupi 10% ya odwala ali ndi mtundu 1, monga lamulo, awa ndi anthu osakwana zaka 20. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, maselo achikondwerero samapanga insulin yokwanira kuti ipange shuga.

Zida zankhondo zakunja monga matenda kapena zoopsa zomwe zimapangitsa kutupa kwa zikondamoyo, zomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa maselo ofanana, zimatha kuyambitsa chidwi ichi. Chifukwa chake, kupewa kwakukulu kwa matenda ashuga ndi motere.

1. Zokonda pa bere. Malinga ndi ziwerengero zomwe zilipo, matenda a shuga nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi ana omwe sanadyeredwe osati ndi bere, koma osakanikirana ndi mkaka. Mapuloteni amkaka wa ng ombe omwe ali nawonso atha kukhala ndi vuto pa chinsinsi cha kapamba. Pomwe mkaka wa amayi umakulitsa chitetezo chokwanira cha ana, kuteteza thupi lochepa ku matenda osiyanasiyana.
2. Kupewa matenda ndi mankhwala. Kwa ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda amtundu woyamba, matenda opatsirana ndi owopsa. Chifukwa chake, ma immunomodulators, monga interferon ndi mankhwala ena omwe adotchulidwa ndi adotolo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati prophylaxis.

Kupewa matenda amtundu wa shuga

Mutazindikira izi munthawi yake ndikutembenukira kwa dotolo, zidzakhala zosavuta kuchiza matendawa, kutsegula njira yake ndikupewa zovuta.

Ngati nkotheka kuteteza matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba, atakula, thupi limathandizira kulimbikitsa thupi:

• Kuwongolera kwa ziopsezo ndi madokotala.
• Kudziwunikira komwe mulingo wa shuga m'magazi, mosalekeza.
• Kuyendera akatswiri kuti athandizidwe ndi mawonekedwe a matenda ashuga.
• Kutsatira zakudya zoyenera.
• Masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe nthawi zonse amakhala olimbitsa thupi.
• Kumwa mankhwala okhazikitsidwa ndi dokotala.

Type 2 matenda a shuga

Mtunduwu nthawi zambiri umayamba kupezeka mwa anthu zaka zambiri, nthawi zambiri umapezeka paukalamba. Mtundu wachiwiri wa anthu odwala matenda ashuga, kuperewera kwa insulin kuli ndi vuto, kapamba limapereka insulin mokwanira. Koma ma cell ena olandila ma cell amakana kugonjera, samamva chisoni. Chifukwa cha izi, glucose amasonkhanitsidwa m'magazi, ndipo salowa m'maselo a thupi, chifukwa chomwe chizindikirocho chimatha.

Nthawi zambiri, monga chifukwa komanso monga chizindikiro cha matenda a shuga 2, kunenepa kwambiri kumawonekera. Poterepa, matendawa amatenga pang'onopang'ono komanso osati ovuta. Ngati matendawa adapezeka pa nthawi yake, mutha kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Kupewa matenda a shuga a 2 kungathandize kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matendawa.

Zakudya zabwino

Ndikofunikira kuchita chilichonse choteteza kapamba kuti asachulukane kwambiri, kuchepetsa kudya zakudya zamafuta. Kuti mukhale ndi mawonekedwe abwino, muyenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu tsiku lililonse. Pofuna kupewa matenda ashuga, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse, ndipo ndibwino kuchotsa kwathunthu kuchokera kumenyu zakudya zokhudzana ndi kugaya chakudya.

Uwu ndi shuga komanso zinthu zopezeka momwe zimapezekera zochuluka: mkate woyera, makeke, makeke, maswiti, mkaka wamkaka, mpunga, mbatata, jamu, uchi, madeti, mphesa, mphesa, mavwende, mavwende, vermicelli ndi pasitala tirigu wofewa, semolina, zipatso zosakhala zachilengedwe. Kuti mupeze kuchepa kwa maswiti, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zotsekemera, zomwe amakonda kwambiri zomwe ndi stevioside.

Pazokhazikitsidwa pazakudya ziyenera kutengedwa zomwe zimaphatikizapo zovuta zamapangidwe amkati komanso ulusi wa masamba obiriwira ambiri. Pazonse, ziyenera kukhala ndi: ma carbohydrate ovuta - 60%, mapuloteni - 20%, mafuta - 20% (ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti pafupifupi 2/3 aiwo ayenera kukhala opanga mbewu).

Ndikofunika kuti muzikonda mbalame zamafuta ochepa (nkhuku, nkhuku), nsomba zamafuta ochepa (pollock, cod, navaga, river perch, flounder, bream, pike, hake), masamba, timbale topanda mafuta. Nthawi yomweyo, ndibwino kupewetsa mafuta, ufa, zonunkhira, amchere, osuta, zakudya zokazinga, kudya makamaka yophika, stewed ndi kuphika zakudya.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandizira kupewa. Palibe amene ayenera kukhala ochulukirapo, koma kufunikira kwawo ndimachitidwe okhazikika. Njira yabwino ndiyo makalasi a ola limodzi. Komabe, si aliyense angakwanitse kugula pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi yocheperako yamakalasi ndi maminiti 30, omwe amatha kudzipereka kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuyenda mu mpweya wabwino mwachangu kwambiri.

Kusuntha kungathandize kukonza kagayidwe - kagayidwe kazakudya mthupi. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwamafuta ochulukirapo, kukhathamiritsa kapangidwe ka magazi, ndikuchepetsa kwambiri kunenepa kwambiri. Madokotala amalimbikitsanso kuyenda kwamtunda wautali, kuyendetsa njinga, kusambira kapena kuvina, ndi masewera ena osapweteka komanso opanda mphamvu.

Mankhwala ndi kupewa kupsinjika

Omwe ali pachiwopsezo ayenera kusamalira thanzi lawo mwakuwunika mayeso azachipatala. Kuyesedwa kwa shuga m'magazi, cholesterol, kupezeka kwa autoimmune ndi matenda opatsirana sikuyenera kutengedwa osachepera kamodzi pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Nthawi yomweyo, akatswiri azachipatala amalimbikitsa mankhwala othandizira kupewa matenda ashuga, omwe ndi ofunikira munthu aliyense.

Pa zochitika zilizonse m'moyo, muyenera kuyesetsa kukhalabe ndi mtendere wa mumtima. Nthawi zonse kupsinjika kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha matenda ashuga, choncho muyenera kukhala atcheru ndikuyesera kupewa kuthana ndi nkhawa. Kuti muchite izi, ndibwino kuti musalumikizane ndi anthu omwe ali ndi malingaliro osalimbikitsa, osagwera m'mikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri.

Nthawi zina madokotala amalimbikitsa ngakhale kusiya ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azikhala ndi nkhawa komanso azikhala ndi zotsika mtengo zambiri. Pankhaniyi, mosagwirizana ndi zomwe zimachitika kuti pakhale kupsinjika mtima chifukwa chomwa mowa kapena kusuta, ndizoletsedwa kwa iwo omwe akufuna kudziteteza ku matenda ashuga.

Kupewa matenda a shuga: A Memo

Matenda a shuga ndi amitundu iwiri. Lembani I - wodalira insulini, momwe kapamba sangathe kutulutsa timadzi tambiri timene timakhala. Choyambitsa chachikulu cha matendawa ndi cholowa. Mtundu Wachiwiri amadziwika ndi kusazindikira ma cell receptors kwa insulin, opangidwa mokwanira, chifukwa chomwe glucose simalowa m'maselo, koma amadziunjikira m'magazi.

Kutengera ndi kukhalapo kwa mitundu iwiri ya matenda ashuga, kupewa kwawo kudzakhala kosiyana. Poyambirira, zitha kuchitika pokhapokha ngati mwana wakhanda ali wachiwiri, munthu wachiwiri amatha kuyang'anira thanzi lakelo.

Poletsa matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba, kuyamwitsa ndikofunika kwambiri, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ma immunomodulators, omwe angachepetse chiopsezo cha matenda opatsirana.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda, omwe nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri, njira zothandiza zodzitchinjiriza ndi: kukhalabe ndi moyo wathanzi, kutsatira zakudya zama carb zotsika mtengo, kupewa zinthu zovuta, komanso kumwa mankhwala okometsa potsatira dokotala.