Lamulo Kusamalira Malamulo Oyambirira, Malangizo

Chofunikira kwambiri cha matendawa ndi kuchuluka kwa corticosteroids m'thupi kwakanthawi.

Amayamba chifukwa cha ma pathologies omwe amachititsa kuti ma gren adrenal awonjezeke, ndichifukwa chake amapanga mahomoni ochulukirapo. Koma nthawi zambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a mahomoni kumabweretsa mawonekedwe ake. Ichi ndichifukwa chake amatchedwanso matenda ashuga. Palinso dzina la "shuga yachiwiri ya insulin-yodalira shuga 1."

Mwa chiyambi chake, kuphwanya kumeneku ndi kwa gulu lowonjezera pancreatic, chifukwa zimachitika popanda zovuta pakugwira ntchito kwa kapamba.

Popeza kupezeka kwa mtundu wa steroid matendawa kumachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali, magulu akuluakulu a mankhwalawa omwe angapangitse kuti ayambe kutchedwa.

Izi zikuphatikiza:

glucocorticoids (prednisone, dexamethasone, hydrocortisone),
kulera
diuretics a gulu la thiazide (Nephrix, Dichlothiazide, Navidrex, Hypothiazide).

Pakakhala mavuto ndi kagayidwe kazakudya m'thupi, shuga ya shuga imakhala ndi kofatsa ndipo imadzichotsa yokha pakatha kusiya mankhwala.

Matendawa samawoneka kwa wodwala aliyense amene amamwa mankhwalawo. Koma ali ndi mwayi wa kuchitika kwake.

Matenda owopsa

Matenda a Steroid amapezeka chifukwa cha ma pathologies omwe amafunikira kuperekera mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali. Zotsatira zake, ziwalo zogwira ntchito zimadziunjikira m'thupi, zimapangitsa kusintha, komwe kumatchedwa zizindikiro za matenda osokoneza bongo.

Matendawa ndi monga:

Mphumu ya bronchial,
chikanga
lupus erythematosus,
multiple sclerosis
nyamakazi.

Kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kwa nthawi yayitali kumachitika ndi ma opaleshoni ena (othandizira kupatsidwa ziwalo).

Ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti athetse njira yotupa. Chifukwa chake, ntchito zakale zitha kubweretsanso matenda a shuga.

Palinso milandu yakukula kwa matendawa chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa thupi. Matenda a shuga a Steroid samachitika mwanjira yomwe angatengere kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa, koma chifukwa cha zifukwa zina.

Matenda a pituitary ndi hypothalamic . Amayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa mahomoni, komwe kumachepetsa mayankho a maselo ku insulin. Mwa zina mwa matendawa amatchedwa matenda a Itsenko-Cushing. Ndi matenda awa, hydrocortisone imapangidwa mthupi. Zotsatira zake ndikutha kwa kuyankha kwa maselo kwa insulin yopanga. Komabe, kafukufuku samawululira zolakwika pakugwira ntchito kwa kapamba.
Zolemba poizoni . Ndi kupatuka uku, zovuta zimayamba ndi mayamwidwe a shuga. Kuphatikiza kwake m'magazi kumawonjezeka, motero, kufunika kwa insulini kumawonjezeka, koma chidwi chake cha zotsatira zake chimachepa. Izi zitha kupezeka m'njira zingapo, mwa zina zomwe ndizofala kwambiri ndi matenda a Bazedov komanso matenda a Graves.

Mwa zina mwa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga a steroid zimatha kuchitika chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe zimathandizira kukula kwa matenda a Itsenko-Cushing.

Pakati pawo amatchulapo:

kunenepa
poyizoni pafupipafupi,
mavuto amisala.

Nokha, izi sizinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale shuga. Koma zimatha kuyambitsa mavuto mu hypothalamus kapena pituitary gland.

Makhalidwe a matenda

Mu shuga mellitus, maselo a pancreatic beta amawonongeka. Kwakanthawi, amapangira insulin, koma pang'ono.

Matendawa akamakula, kapangidwe kake kamacheperachepera. Chifukwa cha zovuta za metabolic, kuyankha kwa thupi ku insulin kumachepetsedwa.

Pancreas ikasiya kupanga insulin, matendawa amawonetsa matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga. Zodziwika kwambiri zimatha kutchedwa mawonekedwe monga ludzu losalekeza komanso kuyamwa pafupipafupi.

Koma nthawi yomweyo, kulemera kwa wodwalayo sikuchepa, ngakhale izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri.

Kugwiritsira ntchito corticosteroids panthawi ya chithandizo kumabweretsa chiwopsezo chowonjezera pa kapamba. Mwa zina, amamuthandiza, koma kuchitapo kanthu kumachepetsa chidwi chake cha insulin, chifukwa cha izi thupi liyenera kugwira ntchito molimbika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuvala kwake kofulumira.

Sizotheka kuzindikira matendawa nthawi yomweyo. Mayeso (mwachitsanzo, zamankhwala am'madzi am'magazi) nthawi zambiri amakhala abwinobwino: zonse zomwe zimakhala m'magazi komanso kuchuluka kwa matupi a ketone mumkodzo.

Nthawi zina mankhwala amatha kupititsa patsogolo shuga, yomwe inali kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko, yomwe imabweretsa vuto lalikulu. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyezetsa magazi musanapange mankhwala a steroid. Izi zimagwira ntchito kwa odwala omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri, matenda oopsa, komanso okalamba.

Pokonzekera chithandizo chanthawi yochepa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa komanso kusowa kwa vuto la metabolic, palibe ngozi iliyonse. Pambuyo pakutha kwa chithandizo, njira za metabolic zimabwelera zabwinobwino.

Makanema ochepera pa shuga:

Zizindikiro zamatsenga

Kunena za kupezeka kwa matendawa kungakhalepo, kudziwa zomwe zikuwonetsa. Koma ndi matenda a shuga a steroid, zizindikilo za matenda ashuga wamba sizimawoneka. Munthu sasintha kulemera, kukodza sikusintha pafupipafupi, ludzu lochulukirapo silimawoneka. , komanso kusowa.

Nthawi zina wodwala (komanso pafupipafupi pafupi ndi ena) amawona kupezeka kwakanthawi kwa fungo la acetone kuchokera mkamwa. Koma chizindikiro ichi chimachitika ndi matenda apamwamba a shuga.

Gawo loyambirira la matendawo limadziwika ndi zinthu monga:

kufooka
kuwonongeka kwa bwino,
kugona
kuchepa kwa magwiridwe
kutopa,
mphwayi
ulesi.

Kuchokera pazawonetsero izi, ndizovuta kulingalira za momwe matendawa amafunidwira. Amadziwika ndi matenda ena ambiri, komanso ntchito yanthawi zonse.

Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amapezeka mwangozi pomwe wodwalayo amabwera kwa dokotala ndikupempha kuti amulimbikitse mavitamini kuti akweze mawu ake. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kufooka momveka bwino kwa thupi kumatha kukhala koopsa, ndipo izi siziyenera kunyalanyazidwa.

Njira zamankhwala othandizira

Njira yothandizira matendawa imatsimikiziridwa ndi dokotala, kupenda mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo, kuopsa kwa matendawa, kupezeka kapena kusapezeka kwa matenda ena, ndi zina zambiri.

Onetsetsani kuti mwazindikira chomwe chimayambitsa masinthidwe a matenda. Ngati vuto ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, ndiye kuti liyenera kuthetsedwa. Izi zitha kusiya kudya kwachuluka kwa ma steroid ndikuletsa kukula kwa matendawa.

Nthawi zina, ndikosayenera kusiya mankhwala, chifukwa cholinga chawo ndi kuthana ndi matenda ena. Kenako muyenera kuyang'ana ndalama zothandizira m'malo omwe munagwiritsidwa ntchito kale kapena kusankha njira zina zamankhwala kuti muchepetse kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ma steroid.

Ngati matenda a shuga a steroid adayamba chifukwa cha vuto la mahomoni m'thupi, njira zochiritsira ziyenera kukhala ndi cholinga choti zisawasokoneze. Nthawi zina ndikofunikira kuchotsa opaleshoni minofu yowonjezera ya adrenal kuti muchepetse zomwe zili zovulaza m'thupi.

Gawo lina la mankhwalawa ndi kuchepa kwa ndende. Kwa izi, mankhwala othandizira, zowonjezera zolimbitsa thupi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi ndizofunikira ngati vuto la insulin ikupezeka. Ngati tikhudzidwa nazo timasungidwa, koma kapamba samatulutsa mokwanira, ndiye kuti jakisoni wake wasonyezedwa.

Zochita zochizira zimachitika chifukwa chophwanya thupi la wodwalayo. Popeza njira zambiri zikuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti athetse matenda a shuga a steroid, zochita zosavomerezeka za wodwala sizovomerezeka. Amayenera kutsatira zomwe adotolo adalemba komanso kuti asaphonye mayeso okonzekera.

Second matenda a shuga - matenda opezeka chifukwa cha matenda enaake kapena mankhwala. Matenda a shuga a steroid amakula mwa anthu omwe magazi awo a mahomoni a steroid amawonjezeka.

Matenda a shuga a Steroid amakhalanso odalira insulin. Amayamba mwa anthu chifukwa chambiri cha kuchuluka kwa corticoids m'magazi - ma adrenal mahomoni. Matenda a Steroid amakula modutsa zovuta za adrenal gland pathologies. Komabe, nthawi zambiri matendawa amakumananso ndi vuto atatha kumwa mankhwala a mahomoni. Chodabwitsa cha matenda awa ndikuti zimachitika mwapang'onopang'ono. Zizindikiro zapadera za matendawa sizitchulidwa.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga a Steroid

Chifukwa chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimapangitsa kuti matenda ashuga a steroid akhale ndi hypothalamic-pituitary syndromes, komanso matenda a Itsenko-Cushing. Kuphwanya kwa hypothalamus ndi pituitary gland kumayambitsa kusalinganika kwa mahomoni ena m'thupi ndipo, chifukwa chake, amasintha pakukaniza kwa maselo ndi minyewa kupita ku insulin. Mwa zina mwa matenda otere, matenda a Itsenko-Cushing ndi ofala kwambiri.

Matendawa amadziwika ndi kupanga kwambiri hydrocortisone, mahomoni a adrenal. Cholinga chophwanya lamulo sichinadziwikebe bwinobwino. Amadziwika kuti mwa amayi pali ubale pakati pa zomwe zimachitika ndi matendawa komanso pakati. Kusagwirizana pakati pamahomoni m'thupi kumabweretsa chakuti ma cell amthupi samayankha insulin.

Ndi matenda a Itsenko-Cushing, palibe zovuta kutchulidwa pakugwira ntchito kwa kapamba. Izi zimasiyanitsa kwambiri shuga ya steroid kuchokera ku mitundu yake ina.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwa matenda osokoneza bongo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito glucocorticosteroids. Amathandizira kukulitsa mapangidwe a glycogen mu chiwindi. Chifukwa chake wodwalayo ali ndi glycemia.

Matenda a Steroid amakumananso ndi odwala omwe ali ndi poizoni woopsa (matenda a Bazedova, matenda a Graves). Nthawi yomweyo, kukonzanso kwa glucose ndi minofu kumawipira. Pankhani ya kuphatikizika kwa ntchito ya chithokomiro cha chithokomiro ndi shuga, kufunikira kwa insulin kumawonjezeka kwambiri ndipo kukana insulin kumayamba.

Mahomoni a Corticosteroid amachita m'njira ziwiri pa thupi. Amasokoneza kapamba ndipo amathandizira insulin. Ichi ndichifukwa chake gawo lofunikalo limagwira, makamaka, pamphepete mwa zotheka. Pambuyo pakuchiritsa kwambiri kwa mahomoni, zovuta za metabolic nthawi zambiri zimatha.

Zotsatira za ma steroid pa matenda ashuga

Ochita masewera ambiri amatenga anabolic steroids kuti minofu ikule msanga. Ali pachiwopsezo, monga kafukufuku wambiri akusonyeza kuti othamanga otere amatha kukhala ndi shuga osadalira insulin. Ubale wotere umakhalapo chifukwa mahomoni amakula kwambiri kuchuluka kwa mahomoni amtundu wa glucocorticoid. Ma ricochet amachititsa insulin kukana.

Mukamamwa mahomoni a steroid, shuga m'masewera othamanga amatha kukula m'njira ziwiri. Poyambirira, kusokonezeka kwa kapamba kumachitika, ndipo kumatulutsa insulin yochepa kwambiri. Matenda a shuga 1 amayamba.

Nthawi ina, kapamba amatulutsa kuchuluka kwa insulini, koma maselo ndi minyewa yathupi lake zimamvekera pang'ono. Ili ndiye mtundu wa shuga wodziimira payekha.

Mankhwala a mahomoni ndi matenda ashuga

Mankhwala ena a mahomoni omwe amayi amatenga ngati njira zakulera amathandizira kwambiri kutenga matenda ashuga a 2. Izi zimachitika, makamaka, chifukwa chakuti mahomoni omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwalawa amasintha kuchuluka kwa mahomoni.

Nthawi zina, zimathandizira kukulitsa matenda a shuga ndi prednisolone, anaprilin ndi mankhwala ena. Komabe, kuphwanya thupi komwe kumapangitsa chidwi cha insulin muzochitika zotere ndizosowa kwambiri: kusokonezeka kwa metabolic sikumatchulidwa kotero kuti kumapangitsa kuti shuga ikule.

Matenda a shuga a Steroid amathanso chifukwa cha thiazide diuretics - Dichlothiazide, Hypothiazide, Nephrix, Navidrex ndi ena.

Glucocorticoids omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mphumu, nyamakazi yodutsa matenda am'mimba, systemic lupus erythematosus, pemphigus ndi eczema zingayambenso kusokonezeka kwa metabolic komanso kuyambitsa matenda osokoneza bongo. Nthawi zina mankhwalawa amatha kupatsira ma cell a pancreatic beta. Poterepa, amalankhula za chitukuko.

Zizindikiro za Steroid Diabetes

Zizindikiro zake za shuga zimaphatikizanso zizindikiro za mitundu iwiri ya matenda ashuga. Kupatula apo, mankhwala a mahomoni amathandizira kugonjetsedwa kwa maselo a pancreatic beta. Ikubwera nthawi yomwe kupanga kwawo kwa insulin kumachepa kwambiri. Mofanananso ndi njirazi mthupi mumakhazikitsidwa ndi "kuyankha" kwamatupi a thupi kupita ku insulin ya mahomoni. Kuyambira pomwe kupanga kwa insulini mu kapamba kumayima kwathunthu, zizindikiritso za matenda amtundu wa insulin zimayamba.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda ashuga otere ndi:

ludzu lochulukirapo
dontho lakuthwa pantchito,
ambiri okhathamira komanso mofulumira diuresis.

Chofunikira kwambiri pakupezeka kwa shuga ndi chakuti zizindikirozi zimawonedwa mu mtundu wosatchulika. Chifukwa chake odwala sazindikira kuti matenda awo ndi akulu ndipo sathamangira kukaonana ndi dokotala. Mwa odwala, kuchepa thupi kumachitika kawirikawiri.

Pakuwunika kwa labotale, kuwunika kwa insulin sikuwonetsedwa. Nthawi zambiri, kuwerenga kwa shuga m'magazi sikumapitirira malire a thupi.

Mfundo zachikhalidwe zamankhwala

Njira zochizira matenda amtunduwu ndizofanana ndi matenda ashuga. Zimatanthauzanso zomwe wodwala ali nazo. Chithandizo choyenera cha wodwala aliyense chimatha kusankhidwa ndi dokotala wodziwa zambiri.

Chithandizo chothandiza pa matenda ngati awa:

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa insulini kusintha matendawa. Jekeseni ndikofunikira makamaka pakukonza pancreatic ntchito.
Odwala amapatsidwa.
Phwando limasankhidwa.
Nthawi zina, chithandizo cha opaleshoni chimasonyezedwa ndikuchotsa minyewa yambiri m'magazi a adrenal ndikupanga kuchepetsa ma hormone.
Kuletsa kwakanthawi kwa mankhwalawa omwe amayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa metabolic m'thupi. Komabe, zimachitika kawirikawiri kuti sizingatheke kusiya mankhwala ena - makamaka, pambuyo pothana ndi impso kapena pochiza mphumu. Zikatero, kuyang'anira kwachipatala kumachitika.

Jakisoni wa insulin amatchulidwa mukamamwa mankhwala a hypoglycemic sapereka zotsatira zoyenera za hypoglycemic. Wodwala ayenera kukumbukira kuti chithandizo cha insulin ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zingapangitse matenda a shuga. Cholinga chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimatsatiridwa ndi chithandizo cha matenda osokoneza bongo ndichakuti tikwaniritse chipepeso ndi kuchedwetsa zovuta za matendawo.

Kuchotsa gawo limodzi la thumbo la adrenal kumachitika kwambiri, chifukwa chithandizo chotere chimawopseza odwala omwe ali ndi zovuta zambiri.

Udindo wa chakudya chamafuta ochepa

Njira zabwino zothanirana ndi glucose wamagazi mumtundu 1 kapena shuga ya 2 ndikuyamba. Nthawi yomweyo, zakudya zimachepetsa chakudya chamafuta - mpaka 20-30 magalamu patsiku. Izi zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni, komanso mafuta azamasamba.

Ubwino wakudya yamtengo wotsika pang'ono:

amachepetsa kufunika kwa thupi kwa insulin ndi mankhwala ochepetsa shuga,
amakulolani kuti muzikhala ndi shuga nthawi zonse, ngakhale mutatha kudya,
Kukhala bwino kwamunthu kumachita bwino ndipo zizindikiro zonse za matenda ashuga zimatha,
mwayi wopanga zovuta umachepetsedwa,
amachepetsa mafuta m'thupi.

Matenda a shuga a steroid amatanthauza mtundu wa shuga wodwala kwambiri womwe umadalira shuga. Zimachitika pazaka zilizonse. Chofunikira kwambiri ndi maphunziro osakwanira osatchulapo kale matendawo. Nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsidwa ndi vuto la adrenal ntchito.

Nthawi zina chomwe chimayambitsa matenda obwera chifukwa cha endocrine ndicho kuchuluka kwama mahomoni a adrenal m'magazi. Zodabwitsazi zimatha kuphatikizidwa mwachindunji ndi matenda a ziwalo, komanso kuchira kwa nthawi yayitali ndi mankhwala a glucocorticoid.

Njira zakulera za pakamwa, okodzetsa, mankhwala ambiri ochiritsira, nyamakazi, matenda a Itsenko-Cushing, collagenosis amakhala othandizira pafupipafupi. Pang'onopang'ono, othandizira oterewa amathandizira kuphwanya mapuloteni ndi metabolism, ndikupangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Choopsa kwambiri ndi matenda osakanikirana ndi kuletsa chiwindi ntchito mu gawo la kudzikundikira kwa glycogen.

Zizindikiro za Matenda a shuga

Izi mawonekedwe a shuga amakhala ndi zizindikiro zofatsa kwambiri . Thupi ndi polyuremia zimafotokozedwanso mofooka. Kusinthasintha kwakuthwa mu glycemia kumakhalanso kosowa. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amakhala ndi njira yokhazikika. Kufotokozera momveka bwino, kufooka, thanzi. Mokulira, Zizindikirozi zimatikumbutsa nthawi yomwe matenda amayamba chifukwa cha kusagwira bwino kwa adrenal cortex kuposa matenda a shuga.

Mwa odwala, palibe ketoacidosis. limawonekera pokhapokha ngati matendawa ali kale kale. Ma ketoni mumkodzo samapezeka kawirikawiri. Nthawi zambiri, anti-insulin zotsatira sizimalola kulandira chithandizo chokwanira ndi mawonekedwe amakono a mahomoni amunthu, kotero glycemia iyenera kukhazikitsidwa mothandizidwa ndi chakudya komanso zolimbitsa thupi.

Endocrinologists wapezeka pamaziko a shuga m'magazi pamwamba pa 11.5 mmol., kupezeka kwa shuga mumkodzo . Nthawi zambiri, matenda am'mimba amapita patsogolo pang'onopang'ono, motero, matenda a prediabetes amawonekera koyamba (kulekerera kwa shuga) ndipo pokhapokha ndi pomwe matendawo amadziwika.

Posachedwa, odwala onse adalandira chitsimikiziro chovomerezeka cha matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2. Lero, matenda a shuga a steroid amaperekedwa ku gulu lina la endocrine pathologies, ngakhale chithandizo chake chimafanana ndi mtundu wachiwiri.

Chithandizo cha Matenda a shuga

Chithandizo cha odwala chimalimbikitsidwa pa mfundo zazikulu ziwiri: kukula kwa shuga m'magazi ndikuchotsa chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa, komwe kunapangitsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a adrenal cortex m'magazi. Muzovuta, njira yofunikira kwambiri ndiyofunikira. Zowona zabwino pothandizira matenda a shuga a syeroid zimawonetsedwa ndi zipatala zakunja, kuphatikizapo wotchuka pakati pa anzathu.

Zodzikongoletsa Chithandizo chimaphatikizira kumwa mapiritsi a hypoglycemic wothandizira . Pa gawo loyamba, kukonzekera kwa sulfonylurea kumapereka zotsatira zabwino. Koma ndi iwowa omwe amatha kudwala kagayidwe kazakudya kwambiri, motero, nkumawatsogolera matenda ashuga ku mawonekedwe odalira insulin kwathunthu. Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kuti odwala onse azisamala kwambiri kuti aziyang'anira kulemera kwawo, chifukwa mapaundi owonjezera ndi njira yachindunji yamavutikiro a matenda ashuga ngakhale atakhala ndi matendawo.

Ndikofunikira kuti odwala oterowo athetse yomweyo mankhwalawa omwe adayambitsa kusokonezeka m'thupi. Ngati kuli kotheka kusintha mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi omwe alibe vuto lililonse, ndiye mwayi wabwino kuti muthawe kuti mupange shuga weniweni wa 2.

Madokotala ambiri amalimbikitsa njira yothandizirana ngati mankhwala amkamwa akaphatikizidwa ndi jakisoni wa insulin. Nthawi zina, maselo a pancreatic omwe amapanga insulin yachilengedwe "amasungidwanso" ndipo matendawa amatha kuwongolera mosavuta ndikudya moyenera.

Kumbukirani, njira zilizonse zochizira endocrine pathologies zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mutakambirana ndi adokotala! Zomwe zimaperekedwa ndizokhudza zidziwitso zokhazokha. Kudzipatsa nokha mankhwala kukhala koopsa.

Matenda a shuga a Steroid ndi matenda oopsa, omwe ndi dzina lawo lina - matenda ashuga a shuga a mtundu woyamba. Matendawa amafunika kukhala ndi chidwi chachikulu ndi wodwalayo. Matenda a shuga amtunduwu amayamba chifukwa cha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kwa mankhwala ena a mahomoni, motero amadziwika kuti matenda osokoneza bongo.

Ndani amakhudzidwa?

Matenda a shuga a sodiumid amatanthauza matenda omwe amapezeka m'chilengedwe. Ndiye kuti, sizimakhudzana ndi mavuto mu kapamba. Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lodana ndi kagayidwe kazakudya, koma akhala akugwiritsa ntchito glucocorticoids (mahomoni opangidwa ndi ma adrenal gland) kwa nthawi yayitali, amatha kudwala matenda a shuga a steroid, omwe ndi ofatsa.

Kuwonetsedwa kwa matendawa kumatha munthu atasiya kumwa mankhwala a mahomoni. Mu 60 peresenti ya odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, matendawa amabwera chifukwa chakuti odwala amasintha kupita ku insulin. Kuphatikiza apo, matenda a shuga amatha kukhala ngati vuto la matenda omwe munthu amawonjezera kupanga kwa mahomoni mu adrenal cortex, mwachitsanzo, hypercorticism.

Ndi mankhwala ati omwe angayambitse matenda ashuga?

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga a steroid zimatha kukhala kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kwa mankhwala a glucocorticoid, omwe akuphatikizapo Dexamethasone, Prednisolone, ndi Hydrocortisone. Mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala othana ndi kutupa omwe amathandizira kuchiritsa mphumu ya bronchial, nyamakazi, komanso matenda ena a autoimmune, omwe amaphatikizapo pemphigus, lupus erythematosus, ndi eczema. Komanso mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda oopsa a m'mitsempha ngati ziwongo zambiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, matenda osokoneza bongo amatha kuchitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi oletsa kubereka a mahomoni, komanso ma thiazide diuretics, omwe ndi okodzetsa. Mankhwalawa ndi monga Dichlothiazide, Hypothiazide, Nephrix, Navidrex.

Zina zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa

Matenda a Steroid amathanso kuchitika mwa anthu atabadwa impso. Anti-kutupa chithandizo pambuyo pamafunika kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali corticosteroids mu milingo yayikulu, kotero odwala ayenera kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti athetse chitetezo chokwanira. Komabe, matenda a shuga a steroid samapezeka mwa odwala onse omwe amachitidwa opaleshoni yamphamvu kwambiri, koma mwayiwu ndiwokwera kwambiri chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mahomoni kuposa momwe amathandizira matenda ena.

Ngati munthu wakhala akugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a steroid kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo ali ndi zizindikiro za matenda ashuga, izi zikuwonetsa kuti wodwalayo ali pachiwopsezo. Popewa matenda a shuga a steroid, anthu onenepa kwambiri ayenera kuchepetsa thupi ndi kusintha moyo wawo, kuchita zolimbitsa thupi zopepuka. Ngati munthu ali ndi matenda, amakhala oletsedwa kutenga mahomoni kutengera zomwe adazilingalira.

Kutanthauzira kwake kwamatenda

Matenda osokoneza bongo amadziwika chifukwa amaphatikiza zizindikilo za mitundu yonse iwiri ya matenda ashuga. Kumayambiriro koyambirira kwa matendawa, corticosteroids ambiri amayamba kuwononga maselo a beta omwe amapezeka m'matumbo. Zizindikiro zoterezi ndizofanana ndi matenda ashuga 1. Ngakhale izi, insulin m'maselo a beta ikupitilirabe kubayidwa. Pakapita kanthawi, misempha ya insulin imayamba kutsika, ndipo minofu yake imayamba kuchepa mphamvu iyi. Zizindikirozi ndizodziwika ndi matenda amtundu wa 2. Pakapita nthawi, ma cell a beta amayamba kuwonongeka. Zotsatira zake, kupanga insulin kumayima. Matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin a mtundu woyamba amakhalanso chimodzimodzi.

Zizindikiro

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga a steroid ndi ofanana ndi mitundu ina ya matenda ashuga. Munthu amadwala kwambiri komanso amakonda kukodza pafupipafupi, amavutika ndi ludzu, ndipo kumva kutopa kumawonekera mwachangu kwambiri. Zizindikiro zotere za matendawa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofatsa kwa odwala, motero samazilabadira. Mosiyana ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga, odwala sataya thupi mwadzidzidzi. Madokotala samazindikira nthawi zonse matenda a shuga ngakhale wodwala atakayezetsa magazi. Kuchuluka kwa shuga mu mkodzo ndi magazi ndizosowa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, ziwerengero za acetone mu kusanthula kwa odwala zimapezekanso pazochitika zokhazokha.

Momwe mungachiritsire ngati insulin ipangidwa

Kupanga kwa insulin komwe kumayima m'thupi la munthu, matenda a shuga a steroid amafanana ndi matenda amtundu woyamba, ngakhale ali ndi mawonekedwe a wachiwiri (minofu insulin). Matendawa amathandizidwa monga momwe amachitira shuga 2. Inde, zonse zimatengera mtundu wamatenda omwe wodwala amakhala nawo. Ngati wodwala ali ndi mavuto olemera, koma insulin ikupitilizidwa, ndiye kuti ayenera kutsatira zakudya komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, mwachitsanzo, Thiazolidinedione kapena Glucofage.

Zikondazo zikayamba kugwira ntchito kwambiri, timalimbikitsidwa kubaya insulin, yomwe ingathandize kuchepetsa mtolo pa chiwalocho. Ngati ma cell a beta sanatheretu, ndiye pakapita nthawi, kapamba amabwerera mwakale. Pa ntchito yomweyi, madokotala amapatsa odwala zakudya zamagulu ochepa. Odwala omwe alibe mavuto onenepa kwambiri ayenera kutsatira zakudya No. 9. Kwa iwo onenepa kwambiri, madokotala amalimbikitsa kudya No. 8.

Mawonekedwe a chithandizo pamene insulin siyipangidwa

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga a steroid zimatengera ngati pancreatic insulin imapangidwa kapena ayi. Ngati mahomoniwa asiya kupangidwa m'thupi la wodwalayo, ndiye kuti amawayika ngati jakisoni. Kuti mankhwalawa akhale othandiza, wodwala ayenera kuphunzira momwe angapangire jakisoni wa insulin. Magazi a shuga amayenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse. Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga chimapitirira monga momwe zimakhalira ndi matenda ashuga 1. Koma ma cell a beta samabwezedwanso.

Zomwe sizili muyezo

Pali milandu ina yomwe munthu amathandizidwa ndi matenda a shuga a steroid, mwachitsanzo, ngati ali ndi mphumu kwambiri kapena atachitidwa opaleshoni ya impso. Zikatero, chithandizo chamankhwala cha mahomoni ndichofunikira, ngakhale kuti wodwalayo amadwala matenda a shuga. Miyezo ya shuga imayenera kusamalidwa potengera momwe kapamba amagwirira ntchito bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, akatswiri amatenga chidwi cha minyewa ya insulin. Muzochitika izi, odwala amapatsidwa mahomoni a anabolic, omwe amawonjezera othandizira thupi, komanso amawongolera mphamvu ya glucocorticoids.

Zowopsa

Munthu amakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a adrenal, omwe amasiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana mu iliyonse. Koma si anthu onse omwe amamwa glucocorticoids omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga. Corticosteroids imakhudza magwiridwe antchito a kapamba, kuchepetsa mphamvu ya insulin. Pofuna kukhalabe ndi shuga mu magazi, kapamba amayenera kulimbana ndi katundu wolemera. Ngati wodwalayo ali ndi zizindikiro za matenda a shuga a steroid, izi zikutanthauza kuti minofu yake yayamba kuchepa kwambiri ndi insulin, ndipo zimavuta kuti gland igwire ntchito yake.

Chiwopsezo chokhala ndi matenda a shuga chimachulukitsa munthu akakhala ndi vuto lolemera, amamwa mankhwala a steroid mumadontho akulu kapena kwa nthawi yayitali. Popeza zizindikiro za matendawa sizimawoneka posachedwa, anthu okalamba kapena onenepa kwambiri ayenera kupimidwa kuti apezeke ngati ali ndi mtundu wina wa matenda ashuga asanayambe chithandizo cha mahomoni, popeza kumwa mankhwala ena kumatha kudzetsa matendawa.

Nthawi zina mankhwala opangidwa kuti athane ndi matenda amodzi amadzetsa mavuto ena azaumoyo. Ndipo kuneneratu za zochitika zotere nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosatheka. Komabe, madokotala ndi asayansi akugwira ntchito nthawi zonse kuti adziwe zomwe zitha kutenga gawo lalikulu pakuchitika kwa matenda chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena. Chimodzi mwazovuta matenda amtunduwu ndi mankhwala a shuga a mamellitus, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo chomwe tikambirane patsamba lino "Wodziwika za Zaumoyo" mwatsatanetsatane.

Matenda a shuga a sodiumid ndi mtundu woopsa wa matenda ashuga. Uwu ndi mtundu wodalira insulin wa matenda omwe amatha kukhala mwa odwala azaka zosiyanasiyana. Vuto lalikulu pakupezeka kwa matenda oterewa ndi kusowa kwa matchulidwe.

Madokotala nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsa kupezeka kwa matenda a shuga a steroid ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana. Zowopsa zake ndi glucocorticoids, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwanthawi yayitali. Komanso, madotolo ena amatsutsa kuti kukula kwa matenda oterewa kumatha kuyambitsidwa ndi kulera kwapakamwa, okodzetsa ndi mankhwala ena.

Zizindikiro za Steroid Diabetes

Zowonetsera zazikulu za steroid shuga mellitus pazonse ndizofanana ndi shuga ndi mitundu ina. Matendawa amakhumudwitsa maonekedwe a ludzu, kukodzanso mkodzo ndi kutopa. Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuuma kwa zizindikiro zotere ndi kotsika kwambiri, kotero, odwala ambiri sawaganizira.

Mosiyana ndi mtundu wakale wa matenda ashuga 1, odwala sawonda konse. Ndipo kuyezetsa magazi sikumapangitsa kuti azindikire bwino.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi mkodzo wokhala ndi matenda a shuga a sodium nthawi zambiri kumafika pamavuto. Kuphatikiza apo, acetone m'magazi kapena mkodzo samawonedwa kawirikawiri.

Momwe mungasinthire matenda a shuga, momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito ?

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga a steroid chikuyenera kukhala chokwanira. Amapangidwa kuti azisintha shuga m'magazi ndikuwongolera zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa (kukula kwa mahomoni m'thupi la adrenal cortex). Nthawi zina, pofuna kukonza matenda a shuga a shuga, ndikokwanira kungochotsa mankhwalawa komwe kumayambitsa matendawa. Nthawi zina, odwala amapatsidwa mahomoni a anabolic omwe amatha kuyesa mphamvu ya mahomoni a glucocorticoid.

Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga chimadalira zodetsa nkhawa zomwe zimapezeka mwa wodwala. Mwachitsanzo, ndi kulemera kwambiri kwa thupi komanso kupanga insulin mosamala, odwala amawonetsedwa pakudya komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, omwe akuimiridwa ndi thiazolidinedione ndi glucophage. Nthawi zina, zimatha kukhala chakudya chokwanira komanso chosankhidwa bwino.

Odwala omwe ali ndi thupi labwinobwino kapena lolemera pang'onopang'ono ayenera kutsatira zakudya malinga ndi tebulo la mankhwalawa. 9. Pazakudya izi, zakudya zomwe zimadziwika ndi index ya glycemic yayikulu ziyenera kupatula zakudya. Zakudyazo ziyenera kukhala zamagulu omwe ali ndi index yotsika ya glycemic.

Chakudya chimayenera kudya nthawi zambiri m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, mwachitsanzo, pakapita maola atatu. Zakudya zothira, zonunkhira, zamchere ndi zosuta zimaletsedwa, monga katundu wamzitini, mowa ndi zonunkhira zonse. M'malo mwa shuga, m'malo mwa shuga muyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mapuloteni ochulukirapo amayenera kusamalidwa muzakudya (monga mwa anthu athanzi), ndipo mulingo wamafuta ndi chakudya umayenera kuchepetsedwa. Zosankha ziyenera kukhala ndi chakudya chophika, chophika kapena chophika.

Ngati kunenepa kwambiri, chakudya chake chiyenera kukhala chovutirapo - malinga ndi tebulo la mankhwalawa. 8. Ichi ndi chakudya chamafuta ochepa, mndandanda umachepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya ndi mchere, ndipo kudya mafuta kumakhalanso kochepa.

Matenda a kunenepa kwambiri amatenga gawo lofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa mapaundi owonjezera amatha kubweretsa zovuta zambiri, ngakhale matenda atakhala okoma.

Ngati mankhwala a shuga a shuga amachititsa kuti ntchito ya kapamba iyambe kuchepa, kukhazikitsidwa kwa insulin mu mlingo wosankhidwa bwino kungathandize odwala. Panthawi imeneyi, insulini ingathandize kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa thupi. Ndipo ngati maselo a beta sanatheretu, pakapita nthawi, kapamba angayambenso kugwira ntchito moyenera.

Pochitika kuti kufalikira kwa mankhwala a shuga a steroid kwadzetsa kutha kwa ntchito yonse ya kapamba, ndipo osatulutsanso insulini, amapatsidwa jakisoni. Pankhaniyi, kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi magazi zimayendetsedwa molingana ndi chiwembu chofanana ndi matenda a shuga 1 a mellitus. Tsoka ilo, ngati maselo a beta adamwalira kale, sadzachira, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mankhwalawa adzakhala amoyo wonse.

Mlingo wa shuga pamkhalidwewu umasungidwa, ukuwona mphamvu ya kapamba, komanso chidwi cha minyewa ya thupi kuti ilowetse insulin.

Nthawi zina, chithandizo chamankhwala othandizira amatha kuthandiza odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mellitus - mwachitsanzo, pamene hyperplasia (pathological proliferation) ya gren adrenal ipezeka. Kuchotsa opaleshoni yamatenda kumapangitsa kusintha kwa njira ya matenda ashuga, kapenanso kusintha shuga mumthupi.

Zotsatira za ma steroid pa matenda ashuga

Ma steroid ndi mahomoni azomera kapena nyama. Alipo pokonzekera glucocorticoid, corticosteroids, omwe, motsutsana ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi, angayambitse matenda a shuga, kusintha kwa impso, ndi zina. Endocrinologists, polankhula za zoyipa za odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga thupi, samalani ndi chidwi chakuti:

Kusintha kwa shuga m'magazi ndikotheka ndikuwonjezera kukana kwa chiwindi ku insulin. Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma steroid nthawi zonse,
mahomoni amathanso kupanga chiwindi kuti chisagwire insulin, kupangitsa
ngati kusintha koteroko kukupitirirabe, ndipo chithandizo sichikuchitika, maselo sadzayankhanso ku insulin, yomwe imapangidwa ndi thupi.

Zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kusinthaku kwa matenda amatchedwa steroid-indeduabetes mellitus. Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zizindikilo zake ndikuphunzira zambiri pazomwe zimayambitsa kukula.

Zizindikiro za matendawa

Choopsa chachikulu cha matenda ndi chakuti zimakhala zovuta kudziwa nthawi yochepa.

Steroid matenda a shuga amellitus amapezeka popanda chizindikiro chilichonse, ndipo zizindikiro zomwe zilipo zitha kutchulidwa molakwika ngati matenda ena kapena mitundu ya matenda ashuga.

Mwachitsanzo, tikulankhula za kukakamiza pafupipafupi kukodza, kutopa kwambiri ndi kutopa kwambiri.

Zizindikiro zakuyamba kwa matenda a steroid amatha kuchepa thupi mwadzidzidzi, mavuto apamtima komanso zogonana (mwina kukula kwa kusabala). Oyimira akazi amatha kuwonetsa matenda osiyanasiyana amkati. Chizindikiro chinanso ndimakhala ndikumva njala nthawi zonse, ngakhale ndimakhala ndi chakudya chamagulu.

Tisaiwale kuti matenda a shuga a steroid amatha kuwonetseredwa ndi kumva kuzizira komanso kuzizira kwam'munsi komanso kumtunda, mavuto amawonedwe, chithunzi "chosachita bwino". Wodwalayo amathanso kumva ludzu, lomwe mwina silingathetse ngakhale atayamwa pafupipafupi. Chifukwa chake, ndi mtundu wa matenda omwe amaganizira kuti ali ndi matendawa, munthu sangathe kuchita popanda kufufuza kwathunthu komanso kutsimikiza kwa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa.

Zolinga zakukula kwa matenda amisala

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mkhalidwewo zimagawidwa ndi ma endocrinologists kukhala amkati ndi amkati. Dziwani izi:

ndimayendedwe amkati, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kumatha kupanga chifukwa cha matenda a endocrine system,
ndi exo native - mahomoni ochulukirapo amakula atagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali a glucocorticosteroids,
shuga ya shuga itha kuyambitsidwa ndi thiazide diuretics, mayina odana ndi kutupa, kulera. Itha kuphatikizanso mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ziwengo, polyarthritis, chibayo ndi matenda ena (amagwira ku autoimmune pathologies).

Zomwe zimayambira ndizovuta mukugwira ntchito kwa pituitary gland, yomwe imadziwika kwambiri ndi matenda a Itsenko-Cushing's. Pazomwe zakuperekedwa, kuphatikiza kwambiri kwa cortisol ndi adrenal cortex ndi kakhalidwe. Choyambitsa chachikulu cha matendawa ndi pituitary microadenoma, yomwe imakulitsidwa ndikuyenda mothandizidwa ndi ma steroid.

Matenda a Graves, kapena chakumwa choopsa, chitha kupangitsa kuti matendawa akhale ngati "mankhwala". Mothandizidwa ndi matendawa, kumasulidwa kwa insulin kumachepa, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumawonjezeka.

Ndikofunikira kulipira chidwi makamaka ndi magulu omwe ali pachiwopsezo, chifukwa shuga ya sodium samakula mwa odwala onse omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oyenera. Kunenepa kwambiri, kumangokhala phee komanso kudya zakudya zosayenera kuyenera kuonedwa ngati zinthu zolimbikitsa. Pofuna kupatula mavuto azovuta, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiyambe kulandira chithandizo posachedwapa.

Mankhwala a shuga a Steroid

Mulingo woyenera kwambiri wa mankhwalawa adzaperekedwa ndi jakisoni wa insulin (amalola kuti ziwonetsere ntchito ya kapamba). Gawo lofunika kwambiri la chithandizo chamankhwala ndikukhazikitsa zakudya zomwe sizikhala ndi chakudya chambiri. Monga gawo la mankhwalawa, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a hypoglycemic ndikulimbikitsidwa.

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga a steroid ziyenera kuchitika molingana ndi algorithm:

Kulandidwa kwa mankhwalawa komwe kumayambitsa kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya zamagulu ndi mapuloteni m'thupi ndizofunikira
ngati izi sizingatheke pazifukwa zina (mwachitsanzo, kuwonekera kwambiri kwa mphumu kapena chifukwa cha kulowererapo kwa mankhwala kuti muikemo impso), tikulimbikitsidwa kupenda mosamalitsa mkhalidwe wa kapamba. Pambuyo pake, mankhwala amalembedwa kuti akonze ntchito zake,
m'malo ovuta kwambiri, pamene chithandizo chonse chomwe chatchulidwa kale sichikuthandizira, othandizira opaleshoni omwe cholinga chake ndi kuchotsa mbali ya gren adrenal.

Njirayi ndi yovuta kwambiri. Pomaliza, izi zimatha kubweretsa kusokonezeka kwakukulu pakugwira ntchito kwa thupi komanso kusokonezeka kwakukulu chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mahomoni, chifukwa chake ntchito imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati pali zovuta kwambiri.

Udindo wazakudya

Pa gawo loyambirira la chitukuko cha matendawa, monga kuti kuthetseratu kwathunthu, zakudya zamagulu ochepa zimatha kukhala zovuta zokwanira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chilichonse chomwe chili ndi katundu wazakudya zambiri sayenera kudyedwa. Zakudya zomwe zaperekedwa ndizabwino chifukwa zimathetsa mokwanira kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Kuphatikiza apo, zakudya zama carb ochepa zimachepetsa kufunika kwa jakisoni wa insulin, yomwe imagwiranso ntchito kwa mankhwala a hypoglycemic. Zotsatira zabwino zidzakhala kuchotsa kwa chiopsezo cha zovuta, kuchepa kwakukulu kwa cholesterol komanso kuchotsedwa kwa zizindikiro zazikuluzikulu za matenda a shuga a steroid. Zonsezi zimathandizira kwambiri momwe anthu odwala matenda ashuga amayenera.

- Ichi ndi endocrine matenda omwe amapezeka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwamadzi am'magazi a adrenal cortex komanso kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya. Amawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro za hyperglycemia: kutopa msanga, ludzu lochulukirapo, kukodza kwambiri, kuperewera kwa thupi, chidwi chambiri. Kuzindikira mwatsatanetsatane kumatengera kuwonekera kwa labotale ya hyperglycemia, kuwunika kwa kuchuluka kwa ma steroid ndi ma metabolites awo (mkodzo, magazi). Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga a steroid chimaphatikizira kusiya kapena kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa glucocorticoids, opaleshoni yochepetsera kupanga mahomoni a corticosteroid, komanso mankhwala antidiabetesic.

Zizindikiro za Steroid Diabetes

Chithunzi cha chipatala chikuyimiriridwa ndi matenda a matenda ashuga - polydipsia, polyuria ndi kutopa. Mwambiri, zizindikiro sizimatchulidwa kwenikweni kuposa mtundu wa 1 shuga. Odwala amawona kuwonjezeka kwa ludzu, pakamwa lowuma kosalekeza. Kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi omwe amamwa kumawonjezeka kangapo, mpaka malita 4-8 patsiku. Mkuntho sutha ngakhale usiku. Kulakalaka kumakulitsidwa, kulemera kumakhalabe chimodzimodzi kapena kumawonjezeka. Yesetsani kukodza. Malita atatu a mkodzo amachotsedwa patsiku; enursis amakula ana ndi okalamba. Odwala ambiri amadwala matenda osowa tulo, amakhala otopa masana, sangathe kulimbana ndi zochitika zawo, komanso kugona.

Kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, Zizindikiro zimachuluka msanga, monga matenda amitundu 1: kukhala bwino, kupweteka mutu, kusokonekera, kutentha kwayamba. Njira yayitali ya matendawa imayendera limodzi ndi mawonekedwe a kuyabwa kwa pakhungu ndi mucous nembanemba. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala zotupa, zotupa, mabala samachiritsa kwa nthawi yayitali. Tsitsi limakhala louma, misomali imakhala yowonjezera ndikusweka. Kuwonongeka kwa kayendedwe ka magazi ndi kufalikira kwamanjenje kumawonetsedwa ndikuphwanya kwa thermoregulation mu miyendo, kumva kugunda, kumva thukuta ndikuwotcha m'miyendo, nthawi zambiri kumala.

Mavuto

Hyperglycemia yomwe imatenga nthawi yayitali imayambitsa matenda a shuga - kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zazikulu ndi zazing'ono. Kusokonezeka kozungulira mu ma capillaries a retina kumawonetsedwa ndi kuchepa kwa masomphenya - matenda ashuga retinopathy. Ngati minyewa yolumikizana ndi impso ikuvutikira, ndiye kuti ntchito yake yosefaipa imakulirakulira, kutupa kumachitika, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumadzuka ndipo matenda a shuga amayamba. Zosintha m'matumbo akuluakulu zimayimiridwa ndi atherosulinosis. Zilonda zoopsa kwambiri zam'matumbo a mtima ndi m'munsi. Kusagwirizana kwa ma electrolyte komanso kusakwanira kwa magazi ku minyewa yamanjenje kumayambitsa chitukuko cha matenda ashuga. Itha kuwonetsedwa ndi kukhudzidwa, dzanzi la miyendo ndi zala m'manja, kulakwitsa kwa ziwalo zamkati, kupweteka kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Zizindikiro

Omwe ali pachiwopsezo chotenga mtundu wa matenda amtundu wa sodium ndi anthu omwe ali ndi hypercorticism ya ambulera. Kafukufuku wambiri wamagulu a glucose kuti adziwe hyperglycemia amawonetsedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a Cushing, zotupa za adrenal, anthu omwe amamwa mankhwala a glucocorticoid, thiazide diuretics, kulera kwa mahomoni. Kuunika kwathunthu kumachitika ndi endocrinologist. Njira zofufuzira mwapadera ndizophatikiza:

Kuthamanga mayeso a shuga . Odwala ambiri amakhala ndi glucose wabwinobwino kapena wowonjezera pang'ono wamagazi. Mfundo zomaliza nthawi zambiri zimakhala pamtunda kuchokera pa 5-5.5 mpaka 6 mmol / L, nthawi zina 6.1-6.5 mmol / L ndi kukwera.
Mayeso a kulolera a glucose. Kuyeza glucose patatha maola awiri mutanyamula chakudya kumapereka chidziwitso chokwanira chokhudza matenda ashuga komanso kudziwa kwake. Zizindikiro kuyambira 7.8 mpaka 11.0 mmol / L zikuwonetsa kuphwanya kulekerera kwa shuga, komanso matenda ashuga - zoposa 11.1 mmol / L.
Mayeso a 17-KS, 17-OKS . Zotsatira zake zimatithandizira kuti tizitha kuzindikira zomwe zimachitika mu cell mwa adrenal cortex. Zolemba pazolemba ndi mkodzo. Kuwonjezeka kwa mawonekedwe a 17-ketosteroids ndi 17-hydroxycorticosteroids.
Kafukufuku wa mahomoni . Kuti mupeze zowonjezera pazantchito za pituitary ndi adrenal cortex, kuyesedwa kwa mahomoni kungachitike. Kutengera ndi matenda omwe amayambitsidwa, kuchuluka kwa cortisol, aldosterone, ACTH kutsimikiza.

Chithandizo cha Matenda a Steroid

Etiotropic chithandizo ndikuchotsa zomwe zimayambitsa hypercorticism. Nthawi yomweyo, njira zomwe zimapangidwira kubwezeretsa ndikusunga Normoglycemia, kukulitsa chidwi cha minyewa mpaka kuchitapo kanthu ka insulin, ndikulimbikitsa ntchito ya preserved-cell yomwe ikusungidwa ikuchitika. Ndi njira yophatikizidwa, chisamaliro chachipatala cha odwala chimachitika m'mbali zotsatirazi:

Otsika milingo corticosteroid . Ndi endo native hypercorticism, chithandizo cha matenda oyambitsidwa chimakonzedwanso. Ngati kusintha kwa mankhwalawa kwa mankhwalawa sikothandiza, kufunsa kwa maopaleshoni kungathetsedwe - kuchotsedwa kwa gren adrenal gortical, gortical gawo limodzi la thumbo la adrenal, zotupa. Masautso a mahomoni a steroid amachepa, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumachitika. Ndi hypercorticism ya kunja, mankhwalawa omwe amachititsa kuti shuga ya shuga ipitikize kapena m'malo mwake. Ngati ndizosatheka kuletsa glucocorticoids, mwachitsanzo, mu mphumu yayikulu ya bronchial, mahomoni a anabolic amapatsidwa mphamvu kuti athe kusintha zotsatira zawo.
Mankhwala kukonza hyperglycemia . Mankhwala amasankhidwa payekha, poganizira etiology, gawo lake, kuuma. Ngati kapamba akhudzidwa, maselo a beta amakhala pang'ono kapena atakhazikika kwathunthu, ndiye kuti mankhwala a insulin ndi omwe amakhazikitsidwa. Mwa matenda ofatsa, kuteteza minyewa ya glandular komanso kusinthika kwa maselo ku insulin, othandizira pakamwa ndi hypoglycemic, mwachitsanzo, kukonzekera kwa sulfonylurea. Nthawi zina odwala amawonetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a insulin ndi hypoglycemic.
Zakudya za antidiabetes . Odwala ambiri amawonetsedwa ngati achire othandizira kudya No. 9. Zakudyazo zimapangidwa m'njira yoti mankhwala azisamba azikhala ndi chakudya, samatsitsimutsa hyperglycemia ndipo muli zinthu zonse zofunika. Mfundo zachakudya zamafuta ochepa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: magwero a mafuta opepuka samachotsedwa - maswiti, makeke, zakumwa zotsekemera. Mapuloteni ndi zakudya zamafuta ambiri zimakhazikika muzakudya. Mndandanda wa glycemic umatengedwa. Kudya kumachitika m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, nthawi 5-6 patsiku.

Zotsogola ndi kupewa

Matenda a Steroid, monga lamulo, amapitilira modekha ndipo ndi osavuta kuchiza kuposa matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba ndi wachiwiri. Kukula kwake kumadalira zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa hypercorticism, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zabwino. Kupewa kumatengera chithandizo chanthawi komanso chokwanira cha matenda a Cushing komanso matenda a adrenal chotupa, kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera glucocorticoids, thiazide diuretics komanso njira yolerera pakamwa.Anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo ayenera kuwunika magazi a magazi pafupipafupi. Izi zimakuthandizani kuzindikira zovuta zamatenda a carbohydrate pamlingo wa prediabetes, sinthani chithandizo chachikulu, yambani kutsatira mfundo za zakudya.