Augmentin® (Augmentin®)
Augmentin ndi mankhwala ovuta ochokera ku gulu la ma antibayotiki omwe ali ndi zotsatira zingapo, zomwe zimaphatikizapo amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid.
Chofunikira chachikulu pa mapiritsiwo ndi amoxicillin, omwe ali ndi maantibayotiki omwe ali ndi chiwonetsero chambiri chomwe chimadziwika ndi chiyambi cha semisynthetic, chomwe chimawonetsa ntchito yayikulu yolimbana ndi michere yambiri yama gramu-gram komanso gram-negative. Amoxicillin amawonongeka ndi beta-lactamases, motero, mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu izi sagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti awonongeke tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapanga beta-lactamases.
Clavulanic acid, yomwe ndi gawo lamapiritsi a mankhwalawa, ndi beta-lactam poda yomwe imatha kuwononga kapena kusiya kuchitapo kanthu kwa beta-lactamases ndi ma enzyme ena omwe amapangidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, omwe pambuyo pake amawonetsa kukana gulu la penicillin la mankhwala ndi cephalosporins.
Clavulanic acid omwe amapezeka piritsi amateteza amoxicillin ku chiwonongeko chowopsa cha beta-lactamases opangidwa ndi tizilombo, motero amathandizira pakukulitsa kwa antibacterial katundu wa mankhwala. Chifukwa cha gawo ili, Augmentin ikhoza kukhala yovulaza tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timagwirizana kwambiri ndi gulu la penicillin la mankhwala ndi cephalosporins.
Kodi ndi ma cell ati omwe amakhudzidwa ndi mankhwalawa?
Mapiritsi a Augmentin amagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi gramu-gram komanso gram-negative aerobic ndi anaerobic, komanso zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwalawa zimayipitsa ena ena oyambitsa matenda oopsa.
Mankhwalawa amawonetsa ntchito yayitali motsutsana ndi chlamydia, treponema (causative agent wa syphilis), mabakiteriya omwe amayambitsa kukula kwa leptospirosis, colic Escherichia, staphylococci, streptococci, Klebsiella, listeria, bacilli, clostridia, brucellarlamellella, vagina, zina tizilombo.
Ena mwa mabakiteriya omwe amatulutsa beta-lactamases, omwe amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tisalole.
Mankhwala
Mapiritsi a Augmentin ndi mankhwala omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali (amagwira ntchito), omwe amasiyana kwambiri ndi zinthu zina potengera amoxicillin. Chifukwa cha izi, mankhwalawa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti awononge tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a chibayo omwe amalimbana ndi penicillin.
Pambuyo pakulowetsa, zomwe zimagwira ntchito za augmentin - amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid, zimasungunuka mwachangu ndipo zimatengedwa m'mimba. Achire achire zotsatira za mankhwalawa amawonekera ngati wodwala amwa mapiritsi asanadye. The kuchuluka kwa yogwira pophika mankhwala amagawanika wogawana mkati mkati ndi machitidwe - chifuwa, chifuwa cham'mimba, zimakhala, limalowa mu ndulu, amapezeka sputum, purulent kumaliseche, interstitial ndi intraarticular madzimadzi.
Monga ma penicillin ambiri, amoxicillin imatha kudutsa mkaka wa m'mawere. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa zamankhwala, kufufuza kwa clavulanic acid kwadziwikanso mkaka wa m'mawere. Mankhwalawa, monga lamulo, sanalembedwe zochizira akazi chifukwa cha chiwopsezo chachikulu cha kudzikundikira kwa ziwalo za Augmentin m'chiwindi cha khanda, zomwe zimalowa mthupi mwake ndi mkaka wa m'mawere.
Augmentin adachitidwanso maphunziro a labotale mu zinyama, pomwe zidapezeka kuti clavulanic acid ndi amoxicillin zimalowa mosavuta mu zotchinga mu chiberekero, komabe, kafukufuku sanawonetse vuto lililonse lomwe lingachitike chifukwa cha mankhwalawa.
Amoxicillin amachotseredwa m'thupi la wodwalayo mwachilengedwe kudzera mu impso, ndi clavulanic acid kudzera muimpso zovuta. Pafupifupi 1/10 ya muyezo woyamba wa amoxicillin amachotsedwa mkodzo, pomwe clavulanic acid imadutsa kagayidwe kachakudya ndipo amatsitsidwa pang'ono mu ndowe ndi mkodzo.
Kodi Augmentin amatenga nthawi yanji?
Zizindikiro zazikulu pakusankhidwa kwa mapiritsi a Augmentin ndi:
- Matenda am'mitsempha yapamwamba komanso ma nasopharynx otupa komanso matenda opatsirana - sinusitis, kutupa kwa khutu lapakati, kutupa kwa pharyngeal tonsils, pharyngitis, bronchitis yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (streptococci, staphylococci) tomwe timagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.
- Matenda opatsirana komanso otupa a m'munsi kupuma thirakiti - bronchitis, bronchopneumonia, matenda otupa a m'mapapo;
- Matenda opatsirana a genitourinary dongosolo oyambitsidwa ndi mitundu ya bakiteriya Enterobacteria coli Escherichia, staphylococcus saprophyticus, enterococci, gonococci - njira zotupa za chikhodzodzo, zotupa ndi zotupa za ma ureters, kutupa kwa aimpso (interstitial nephritis, pyelonephritis)
- Matenda a pakhungu la pakhungu - pyoderma, zithupsa, mafuta amkati ndi zotupa zina,
- Matenda opatsirana a mafupa ndi mafupa - osteomyelitis yoyambitsidwa ndi banja la staphylococcus,
- Mavuto obadwa pambuyo povuta kapena kubereka ndi endometritis, salpingoophoritis, ndi matenda ena amtundu wa kubereka, komwe kumachitika chifukwa cholowerera tizilomboti toyambitsa matenda m'thupi. Nthawi zambiri, matenda otupa a chiberekero ndi zomwe zimapangidwira zimatha kukhazikika chifukwa chazinyengo zodziwonetsa - mbiri yakale, kuwomba kwa chiberekero, kuzindikira kwa mankhwala a chiberekero, kutsekeka kwa kubereka, etc.
Chizindikiro chimodzi chosonyeza mapiritsi a Augmentin amakhalanso ndi matenda osakanikirana am'mimba ngati gawo limodzi la mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Njira yogwiritsira ntchito ndi Mlingo wa mankhwalawa
Njira ya mankhwala ndi Mlingo wa mapiritsi a Augmentin imakhazikitsidwa ndi dokotala aliyense payekhapayekha. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala othandizira, chifukwa chake, monga mankhwala ena, simungathe kumwa popanda chilolezo komanso nthawi yomwe mukufuna! Kuphatikiza apo, matenda ena amayamba chifukwa cha ma tizilombo tating'onoting'ono omwe samayendetsedwa ndi zosakaniza zam'mapiritsi, mwachitsanzo, ma virus kapena bowa.
Mlingo wa mankhwalawa umatsimikiziridwa ndi katswiri kutengera zinthu zambiri: zaka za wodwalayo, matenda ake, kupezeka kwa zovuta, magwiridwe antchito a impso ndi chiwindi, kulemera kwa thupi ndi zina zake.
Pofuna kukwaniritsa kuyamwa kwa mankhwalawa ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha mavuto, mapiritsi a Augmentin akulimbikitsidwa kuti atenge kumayambiriro kwa chakudya.
Njira yocheperako yothandizira ndi mankhwalawa ndi masiku osachepera asanu. Ngakhale zizindikilo zonse za matendawa zitatha, ndipo wodwalayo akumva bwino, mulibe mwayi wodziimira payekha osamaliza maphunziro omwe adokotala adawonetsa. Chinthu chake ndichakuti tizilombo tating'onoting'ono toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha kusintha mankhwala mosavuta ndipo ngati wodwalayo amangosokoneza njira ya mankhwalawo, ndiye kuti matendawa atha kudwala atha kubwereranso mwamphamvu. Pankhaniyi, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwewo sangathenso kukhudzidwa ndi mapiritsi a Augmentin, ndipo adotolo ayenera kusankha china chatsopano komanso champhamvu. Izi zimabweretsa chiopsezo cha zotsatira zoyipa komanso kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi.
Wodwala akakakamizidwa kumwa mankhwalawa kwa masiku opitilira 10, ndiye kuti patsiku la 11, kuyezetsa magazi kuyenera kutengedwa kuti ayese mayendedwe ake. Pambuyo pa masabata awiri kuchokera pomwe munayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, muyenera kuganiziranso zofunikira zina zamankhwala kapena kusankha pakumwa mapiritsi. Tiyeneranso kumvetsetsa kuti matenda aliwonse ali ndi njira yake yochizira, mwachitsanzo, mankhwalawa amatupa osavomerezeka a khutu lapakati, njira yochiritsidwayi ilibe masiku opitilira 7 kwa achikulire, pomwe chithandizo cha ana osaposa zaka 2 chitha kupitilizidwa mpaka masiku 10.
Ngati ndi kotheka kapena kuphatikizidwa ndi njira yotupa ndi njira zopatsirana, nthawi zina odwala amayamba kupatsidwa mankhwala a jekeseni, ndipo pambuyo pakutha kwa zizindikiro zowoneka bwino ndi kusintha kwazonse, mutha kusintha kwa mankhwalawa pakamwa.
Mlingo wa ana
Monga lamulo, kuwerengetsa kwa tsiku lililonse kwa mapiritsi a Augmentin muzochita za ana kumadalira zinthu zambiri: kulemera kwa thupi la mwana, matenda, kuopsa kwa vutolo, zaka za wodwalayo, ndi kupezeka kwa zovuta. Kwa ana olemera mpaka 40 makilogalamu, muyezo amawerengedwa kutengera mg / 1 makilogalamu amalemu. Kuchuluka kwa mg wa mankhwalawa kumatsimikiziridwa ndi adokotala okha payekha kwa wodwala aliyense payekha. Ana olemera kuposa makilogalamu 40 amathandizidwa ndi "akulu".
Zochizira matenda amtundu wa pakhungu ndi minyewa yofewa, pharyngitis ndi tonsillitis yayitali, Mlingo wochepa wa augmentin ndi wokwanira. Zochizira matenda monga sinusitis, kutupa kwa khutu lapakati, njira zotupa za chapamwamba komanso zam'munsi zopumira, cystitis, pyelonephritis ndi zotupa zina zamtundu wa genitourinary, kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kumafunikira.
Mankhwala Augmentin mu mawonekedwe a mapiritsi sagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ochiritsira odwala osaposa zaka 2, popeza palibe chidziwitso chachipatala chokhudza chitetezo cha mankhwalawa.
Mlingo wa Augmentin wa akulu ndi ana opitilira zaka 14
Akuluakulu ndi ana a zaka zopitilira 14 kapena odwala omwe ali ndi makilogalamu oposa 40 amapatsidwa mankhwala a Augmentin piritsi limodzi katatu patsiku zochizira matenda ofatsa komanso odziletsa. Zochizira zovuta kapena zapamwamba njira zopatsirana mwa akulu ndi ana opitilira zaka 14, monga lamulo, mitundu ina ya mankhwalawa imayikidwa, jakisoni wambiri.
Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi zaka zopuma, omwe ali ndi vuto la impso ndi chiwindi, tsiku lililonse mankhwalawa amasinthidwa ndi dokotala.
Zotsatira zoyipa
Ndi kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera mapiritsi a Augmentin komanso kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa, mankhwalawo onse amaloledwa ndi odwala. Nthawi zina, munthu akakhala ndi hypersensitivity pazigawo za mankhwala, zotsatirazi zimabweretsa:
- Kuchokera kumbali ya chimbudzi cham'mimba: nseru, kupweteka m'mimba, kumatulutsa, kusefukira, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi, kukula kwa chiwindi,
- Kuchokera kwamikodzo: kukanika kwa impso, oliguria, kuphwanya kwaimpso,
- Kuchokera pakatikati ndi potupa lamanjenje: chizungulire, kukokana, mutu, kugona, kapena,, kugona kwambiri, zizindikiro za kuledzera kwa thupi, zomwe zimafotokozedwa mukuwonjezeka kufooka, kusayankha bwino kwa wodwala pazomwe zikuchitika.
Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri zimaphatikizapo zotupa pakhungu, ming'oma, kutupa (vagidi candidiasis mwa akazi ndi pakamwa mucous).
Ndi kutsatira mosamalitsa mlingo womwe dokotala wamulembera ndi kuperekedwa kwa mankhwala molondola, mavuto obwera chifukwa chotenga Augmentin amakula pokhapokha ngati pali zovuta zina.
Contraindication
Ngakhale zovuta zawo zingapo, mapiritsi a Augmentin ali ndi zotsutsana zingapo. Izi zikuphatikiza:
- Kusalolera payekha kwa ma penicillin, cephalosporins,
- Hypersensitivity pazinthu zothandizira za mankhwala,
- Mavuto akulu a chiwindi ndi impso,
- Ana osakwana zaka 2,
- Matenda mononucleosis - mukamagwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi augmentin ndi matenda amenewa, zotupa zake zimawoneka pakhungu la wodwalayo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti adziwe matenda ake.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa panthawi yapakati komanso poyamwitsa
Augmentin akuyesedwa m'malo olemba nyama. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wambiri, mapiritsi a mankhwalawo, ngakhale muyezo waukulu, analibe zotsatira za mutagenic komanso teratogenic pa mwana wosabadwa wa nyama. Ngakhale izi, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ozikidwa ndi amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid mwa amayi apakati kumapangidwa, makamaka munthawi yoyambirira ya mimba. M'masabata 12 oyambilira, kuyika ziwalo zonse ndi machitidwe a mwana wosabadwayo kumachitika, ndipo kudya kwa mankhwala aliwonse panthawiyi kungayambitse matenda osautsa a chromosomal ndipo, chifukwa chake, kufooka kwa intrauterine. Kuphatikiza apo, pamene asayansi adayesa mankhwalawa mwa mkazi yemwe adabereka mwana wosavomerezeka asanabadwe, zimapezeka kuti ngakhale mitundu ya prophylactic ya augmentitis imachulukitsa chiopsezo cha necrotic colitis kwa akhanda.
Malinga ndi malangizo a mankhwalawa, Augmentin pa nthawi ya bere imatha kutengedwa pokhapokha ngati mayiyo ali ndi mwayi kwa mayiyo kupitilira chiwopsezo chokhala ndi zotsatila za mwana wosabadwayo.
Kugwiritsa ntchito Augmentitis nthawi yoyamwitsa kumatheka, koma pokhapokha malinga ndi mawonekedwe okhwima komanso kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala. Palibe chifukwa choti mayi woyamwitsa azidutsa kuchuluka kwa zomwe dokotala akuwonetsa, chifukwa amoxicillin amalowera mkaka wa m'mawere ndipo kuzungulira kwambiri kungayambitse kuwonjezeka kwa chiwindi cha mwana, chomwe chimakhala chovuta ndi zotsatira zoyipa za makanda. Kuphatikiza pa chiwopsezo ichi, palibe zotsatira zoyipa za Augmentin pakhungu la mwana yemwe amalandira mkaka wa m'mawere zomwe zimapezeka m'maphunziro angapo.
Malangizo apadera
Asanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, wodwalayo ayenera kupereka dokotala mbiri yotsimikiza ya kulolera kwake mankhwala a penicillin gulu ndi cephalosporins. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuti muwonetsetse ngati pakhala pali mbiri yokhudza zovuta zilizonse zamankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi zomwe zimapangidwa.
Mankhwala, zochitika zambiri za chitukuko cha zovuta zoyipa za odwala ku mankhwala okhala ndi penicillin afotokozedwa. Nthawi zina, kuwopsezedwa kwa anaphylactic kuchokera kumankhwala amapha! Chiwopsezo chotenga matendawa chifukwa cha penicillin kapena cephalosporins ndiwopamwamba kwambiri mwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lobadwa nalo kapena mwa anthu omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe am'mbuyo poyankha kugwiritsa ntchito amoxicillin kapena mankhwala ena a penicillin. Pokhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo, dokotala ayenera kusankha njira ina yothandizira wodwalayo yomwe ingagwire ntchito, koma yotetezeka kwa thupi la wodwalayo.
Ndi chitukuko cha anaphylactic kapena edema ya Quincke poyankha kukhazikitsidwa kapena kulandira kwa Augmentin, wodwalayo ayenera jekeseni wa adrenaline, iv glucocorticosteroid mahomoni. Ndi kutupa kwambiri ndi kudwala kwa wodwala, mpweya uyenera kuthandizidwa nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa izi zimafunikira.
Mapiritsi a Augmentin amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwambiri pochiza odwala ndi odwala omwe akuwonongeka kwambiri kwa impso ndi chiwindi.
Pofuna kuchepetsa chiwopsezo cha mavuto obwera chifukwa chamankhwala omwe amamwa mankhwalawa, mapiritsi augmentin akulimbikitsidwa kuti atenge kumayambiriro kwa chakudya.
Mutatha kumwa mapiritsi, odwala omwe ali ndi hypersensitivity to enamel enino amalangizidwa kuti azitsuka mano kwambiri kuti asawonongeke ndi enamel.
Odwala omwe amayamba kumwa mankhwala omwe amakhala ndi amoxicillin amakonda kuwonjezera prothrombin nthawi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndi chithandizo cha nthawi yomweyo ndi augmentin ndi anticoagulants, odwala nthawi zina amayenera kuyesedwa magazi kuti ayang'anire momwe amachitidwira.
Odwala omwe amachepetsa tsiku ndi tsiku diureis (kukodza) samadziwika kawirikawiri mumakristalo. Monga lamulo, chizindikiro ichi chimachitika makamaka ndi makulidwe a makolo ake.Mankhwalawa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opangidwa ndi amoxicillin, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti wodwala amwe madzi okwanira kuti asatulutse makhwala a mkodzo.
Kutenga nthawi yayitali ndi Augmentin kungapangitse kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiziwonjezereka msanga. Munthawi yogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kwa nthawi yayitali, timalimbikitsidwa kuyang'anira ntchito ya impso, chiwindi ndi kapangidwe ka magazi kudzera mkodzo komanso kuyezetsa magazi.
Panthawi ya mankhwalawa ndi Augmentin, ndizoletsedwa kumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa, chifukwa kuyanjana ndi mowa komanso zosakaniza za mankhwala zingapangitse kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi ndi dongosolo lamanjenje lamkati.
Mapiritsi a Augmentin alibe vuto lililonse pazomwe zimachitika ndipo sasokoneza kasamalidwe ka magalimoto ndi njira zina.
Kuchita kwa mankhwala ndi mankhwala ena
Mapiritsi a Augmentin osavomerezeka kuti atengedwe nthawi yomweyo ndi Allopurinol chifukwa cha chiwopsezo chachikulu cha zotsatira zoyipa ndi zovuta zake mwa wodwala. Ngati mukutenga kale Allopurinol, muyenera kudziwitsa dokotala.
Pogwiritsa ntchito Augmentin, komanso mankhwala ena aliwonse a gulu la penicillin, mapiritsi othandizira kulera amatha kuchepa, omwe akuyenera kudziwika kwa azimayi omwe amakonda mtundu wotetezedwa ku mimba yosafunikira.
Gulu la mankhwala
| Mphamvu yakuyimitsidwa pakamwa | 5 ml |
| ntchito: | |
| amoxicillin trihydrate (mwa amoxicillin) | 125 mg |
| 200 mg | |
| 400 mg | |
| potaziyamu clavulanate (malinga ndi clavulanic acid) 1 | 31.25 mg |
| 28,5 mg | |
| 57 mg | |
| zokopa: xanthan chingamu - 12,5 / 12.5 / 12.5 mg, katsutsidwe - 12.5 / 12.5 / 12,5 mg, asidi wa desinic - 0.84 / 0.84 / 0.84 mg, colloidal silicon dioxide - 25/25/25 mg, hypromellose - 150 / 79.65 / 79.65 mg, kukoma kwa lalanje 1 - 15/15/15 mg, kukoma kwa lalanje 2 - 11.25 / 11.25 / 11.25 mg, kukoma rasipiberi - 22,5 / 22,5 / 22,5 mg, zonunkhira "Mol molves" - 23,75 / 23,75 / 23,75 mg, silicon dioxide - 125 / mpaka 552 / mpaka 900 mg / mpaka 900 mg |
1 Popanga mankhwalawa, potaziyamu clavulanate amagona ndi 5% yowonjezera.
| Mapiritsi okhala ndi mafilimu | 1 tabu. |
| ntchito: | |
| amoxicillin trihydrate (mwa amoxicillin) | 250 mg |
| 500 mg | |
| 875 mg | |
| potaziyamu clavulanate (malinga ndi clavulanic acid) | 125 mg |
| 125 mg | |
| 125 mg | |
| zokopa: magnesium stearate - 6.5 / 7.27 / 14.5 mg, sodium carboxymethyl wowuma - 13/22/29 mg, colloidal silicon dioxide - 6.5 / 10.5 / 10 mg, MCC - 650 / mpaka 1050/396, 5 mg | |
| filimu pachimake: titanium dioxide - 9.63 / 11.6 / 13.76 mg, hypromellose (5 cps) - 7.39 / 8.91 / 10.56 mg, hypromellose (15 cps) - 2.46 / 2.97 / 3.52 mg, macrogol 4000 - 1.46 / 1.76 / 2.08 mg, macrogol 6000 - 1.46 / 1.76 / 2.08 mg, dimethicone 500 ( mafuta a silicone) - 0.013 / 0.013 / 0.013 mg, madzi oyeretsedwa 1 - - / - - - |
1 Madzi oyeretsedwa amachotsedwa nthawi yovala filimu.
Kufotokozera za mtundu wa kipimo
Mphamvu: yoyera kapena pafupifupi yoyera, yokhala ndi fungo labwino. Ikaphatikizidwa, kuyimitsidwa koyera kapena pafupifupi koyera kumapangidwa. Poimirira, yoyera kapena yoyera imayamba pang'onopang'ono.
Mapiritsi, 250 mg + 125 mg: yokutidwa ndi nembanemba wa filimu kuyambira yoyera mpaka pafupi yoyera, yopanda mawonekedwe, yolembedwa "AUGMENTIN" mbali imodzi. Pa kink: kuchokera pamaso achikasu mpaka oyera.
Mapiritsi, 500 mg + 125 mg: yokutidwa ndi chithunzi cha filimu kuyambira yoyera mpaka pafupifupi yoyera, chowongolera, cholembedwa "AC" ndikuyika pachiwopsezo mbali imodzi.
Mapiritsi, 875 mg + 125 mg: wokutidwa ndi filimu yolimba kuyambira yoyera mpaka yoyera, yoloweka mawonekedwe, yokhala ndi zilembo "A" ndi "C" mbali zonse ziwiri ndi mzere wolakwika mbali imodzi. Pa kink: kuchokera pamaso achikasu mpaka oyera.
Mankhwala
Amoxicillin ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo owoneka bwino omwe ali ndi ntchito yolimbana ndi ma gram ambiri komanso gram alibe tizilombo. Nthawi yomweyo, amoxicillin amatha kuwonongedwa ndi beta-lactamases, chifukwa chake ntchito yokhala ndi amoxicillin sinafikira tizilombo tomwe timatulutsa timadzi tambiri.
Clavulanic acid, beta-lactamase inhibitor yokhudzana ndi penicillin, amatha kuyambitsa mitundu yambiri ya beta-lactamases yomwe imapezeka mu penicillin ndi cephalosporin zosagwira tizilombo. Clavulanic acid imagwira mokwanira motsutsana ndi plasmid beta-lactamases, yomwe nthawi zambiri imayambitsa kukana kwa bakiteriya, ndipo imagwira ntchito kwambiri motsutsana ndi chromosomal beta-lactamase a mtundu woyamba, omwe saletsedwa ndi clavulanic acid.
Kupezeka kwa clavulanic acid mu Augmentin ® kukonzekera kumateteza amoxicillin kuti asawonongedwe ndi ma enzyme - beta-lactamases, omwe amalola kukulitsa mawonekedwe a antibacterial a amoxicillin.
Otsatirawa ndi ntchito yophatikiza ya amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid mu vitro .
Bacteria imakonda kuphatikizidwa ndi amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid
Zoyipa zamagemu: Bacillus anthracis, Enterococcus faecalis, Listeria monocytogene, Nocardia astero> kuphatikiza Streptococcus pyogenes 1.2, Streptococcus agalactiae 1.2 (beta hemolytic streptococci) 1,2, Staphylococcus aureus (yokhudza methicillin) 1, Staphylococcus saprophyticus (tcheru ndi methicillin), coagulase-negative staphylococci (woganizira methicillin).
Zoyipa zaramram: Clostr> kuphatikiza Peptostreptococcus magnus, Peptostreptococcus micros.
Ma grram-negative: Bordetella pertussis, Haemophilus fuluwenza 1, Helicobacter pylori, Moraxella cafarrhalis 1, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pasteurella multocida, Vibrio cholerae.
Ma gram alibe ana Bactero> kuphatikiza Bactero> kuphatikiza Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas spp., Prevotella spp.
Zina: Borrelia burgdorferi, Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae, Treponema pallidum.
Bacteria yomwe idayamba kukana kuphatikiza amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid ndiyotheka
Ma grram-negative: Escherichia coli 1, Klebsiella spp., kuphatikiza Klebsiella oxetoca, Klebsiella pneumoniae 1, Proteus spp., kuphatikiza Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp.
Zoyipa zamagemu: Corynebacterium spp., Enterococcus faecium, Streptococcus pneumoniae 1,2 gulu la streptococcus Viridans.
Bacteria yomwe imagwirizana mwachilengedwe pakuphatikizidwa kwa amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid
Ma grram-negative: Acinetobacter spp., Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter spp., Hafnia alvei, Legionella pneumophila, Morganella morganii, Providencia spp., Pseudomonas spp., Serratia spp., Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Yersinia enterocolitica.
Zina: Chlamydia spp., kuphatikizapo Chlamydia pneumoniae, Chlamydia psittaci, Coxiella burnetii, Mycoplasma spp.
1 Kwa mabakiteriya awa, kufunikira kwakanthawi kothandizirana kwa amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid kwawonetsedwa mu maphunziro azachipatala.
2 Zovuta za mitundu iyi ya mabakiteriya sizitulutsa beta-lactamase. Kuzindikira ndi amoxicillin monotherapy kumasonyezanso chidwi chofanana ndi kuphatikiza kwa amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid.
Pharmacokinetics
Zosakaniza zonse ziwiri za kukonzekera kwa Augmentin ® - amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid - zimatengedwa mwachangu komanso mokwanira kuchokera m'mimba kuchokera pakamwa. Kuyamwa kwa yogwira pophika mankhwala a Augmentin ® ndi mulingo woyenera ngati mankhwalawa atengedwa kumayambiriro kwa chakudya.
Ma paracokinetic magawo a amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid omwe amapezeka mu maphunziro osiyanasiyana akuwonetsedwa pansipa, pamene odzipereka athanzi omwe ali ndi zaka 2 mpaka 12 pamimba yopanda kanthu amatenga 40 mg + 10 mg / kg / tsiku la mankhwalawa Augmentin ® pamiyeso itatu, ufa woyimitsidwa pakamwa. 125 mg + 31.25 mg mu 5 ml (156.25 mg).
Magawo a pharmacokinetic oyambira
| Mankhwala | Mlingo mg / kg | Cmax mg / l | Tmax h | AUC, mg · h / l | T1/2 h |
| 40 | 7,3±1,7 | 2,1 (1,2–3) | 18,6±2,6 | 1±0,33 | |
| 10 | 2,7±1,6 | 1,6 (1–2) | 5,5±3,1 | 1,6 (1–2) |
Ma paracokinetic magawo a amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid omwe amapezeka mu maphunziro osiyanasiyana akuwonetsedwa pansipa, pomwe odzipereka athanzi omwe ali ndi zaka 2 mpaka 12 pamimba yopanda kanthu amatenga Augmentin ®, ufa kuti ayimitsidwe pakamwa, 200 mg + 28,5 mg mu 5 ml (228 , 5 mg) pa mlingo wa 45 mg + 6,4 mg / kg / tsiku, logawidwa pawiri.
Magawo a pharmacokinetic oyambira
| Zogwira ntchito | Cmax mg / l | Tmax h | AUC, mg · h / l | T1/2 h |
| Amoxicillin | 11,99±3,28 | 1 (1–2) | 35,2±5 | 1,22±0,28 |
| Clavulanic acid | 5,49±2,71 | 1 (1–2) | 13,26±5,88 | 0,99±0,14 |
Ma paracokinetic magawo a amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid omwe amapezeka mu maphunziro osiyanasiyana akuwonetsedwa pansipa, pamene odzipereka athanzi atatenga mlingo umodzi wa Augmentin ®, ufa kuti ayimitse pakamwa, 400 mg + 57 mg mu 5 ml (457 mg).
Magawo a pharmacokinetic oyambira
| Zogwira ntchito | Cmax mg / l | Tmax h | AUC, mg · h / l |
| Amoxicillin | 6,94±1,24 | 1,13 (0,75–1,75) | 17,29±2,28 |
| Clavulanic acid | 1,1±0,42 | 1 (0,5–1,25) | 2,34±0,94 |
Ma paracokinetic magawo a amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid, omwe amapezeka m'maphunziro osiyanasiyana, pomwe odzipereka othamanga athanzi adatenga:
- 1 tabu. Augmentin ®, 250 mg + 125 mg (375 mg),
- Mapiritsi 2 Augmentin ®, 250 mg + 125 mg (375 mg),
- 1 tabu. Augmentin ®, 500 mg + 125 mg (625 mg),
- 500 mg wa amoxicillin,
- 125 mg ya clavulanic acid.
Magawo a pharmacokinetic oyambira
| Mankhwala | Mlingo mg | Cmax mg / ml | Tmax h | AUC, mg · h / l | T1/2 h |
| Augmentin ®, 250 mg + 125 mg | 250 | 3,7 | 1,1 | 10,9 | 1 |
| Augmentin ®, 250 mg + 125 mg, mapiritsi awiri | 500 | 5,8 | 1,5 | 20,9 | 1,3 |
| Augmentin ®, 500 mg + 125 mg | 500 | 6,5 | 1,5 | 23,2 | 1,3 |
| Amoxicillin 500 mg | 500 | 6,5 | 1,3 | 19,5 | 1,1 |
| Augmentin ®, 250 mg + 125 mg | 125 | 2,2 | 1,2 | 6,2 | 1,2 |
| Augmentin ®, 250 mg + 125 mg, mapiritsi awiri | 250 | 4,1 | 1,3 | 11,8 | 1 |
| Clavulanic acid, 125 mg | 125 | 3,4 | 0,9 | 7,8 | 0,7 |
| Augmentin ®, 500 mg + 125 mg | 125 | 2,8 | 1,3 | 7,3 | 0,8 |
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a Augmentin ®, kuchuluka kwa plasma kwa amoxicillin ndi ofanana ndi omwe ali ndi kamwa yokhala ndi milingo yofanana ya amoxicillin.
Ma paracokinetic magawo a amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid, omwe amapezeka mu maphunziro osiyana, pomwe odzipereka othamanga athanzi adatenga:
- Mapiritsi 2 Augmentin ®, 875 mg + 125 mg (1000 mg).
Magawo a pharmacokinetic oyambira
| Mankhwala | Mlingo mg | Cmax mg / l | Tmax h | AUC, mg · h / l | T1/2 h |
| 1750 | 11,64±2,78 | 1,5 (1–2,5) | 53,52±12,31 | 1,19±0,21 | |
| 250 | 2,18±0,99 | 1,25 (1–2) | 10,16±3,04 | 0,96±0,12 |
Monga iv pakuyambitsa kuphatikiza kwa amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid, zochizira zozama za amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid zimapezeka m'misempha yambiri komanso mkati mwa madzi amkati (chikhodzodzo, zotupa zam'mimba, khungu, mafuta ndi minofu yamatumbo, zotupa zamadzimadzi zotsekemera ndi zotupa), bile )
Amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid ali ndi malire ofooka a mapuloteni a plasma. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti pafupifupi 25% ya kuchuluka kwathunthu kwa clavulanic acid ndi 18% ya amoxicillin m'magazi am'magazi amaphatikizika ndi mapuloteni amadzi a m'madzi.
Mu maphunziro a nyama, palibe chowerengera cha zigawo za kukonzekera kwa Augmentin ® mu chiwalo chilichonse chomwe chinapezeka.
Amoxicillin, monga ma penicillin ambiri, amadutsa mkaka wa m'mawere. Zotsatira za clavulanic acid zimapezekanso mkaka wa m'mawere. Pokhapokha ngati zingatheke kukhala ndi matenda otsekula m'mimba komanso candidiasis ya mucous membrane wamkamwa, palibe zovuta zina za amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid pa thanzi la makanda oyamwa
Kafukufuku wothandizira kubereka kwanyama akuwonetsa kuti amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid amawoloka chotchinga. Komabe, palibe zoyipa zilizonse pa mwana wakhanda zomwe zapezeka.
10-25% ya koyamba mlingo wa amoxicillin amamuchotsa impso ngati anafooka metabolite (penicilloic acid). Clavulanic acid imapangidwa modabwitsa kwambiri mpaka 2,5-dihydro-4- (2-hydroxyethyl) -5-oxo-3H-pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid ndi amino-4-hydroxy-butan-2-amodzi ndipo amachotsa kudzera mu impso. Matumbo am'mimba, komanso ndi mpweya womwe watha mwa mawonekedwe a mpweya woipa.
Monga ma penicillin ena, amoxicillin amathandizidwa ndi impso, pomwe clavulanic acid imachotsedwanso ndi machitidwe a impso komanso owonjezera.
Pafupifupi 60-70% ya amoxicillin ndi 40-65% ya clavulanic acid amuchotseredwa ndi impso osasintha pakapita maola 6 mutatenga tebulo limodzi. 250 mg + 125 mg kapena piritsi limodzi 500 mg + 125 mg.
Makonzedwe omwewo a probenecid amachedwetsa kuchoka kwa amoxicillin, koma osati clavulanic acid (onani "Kuchita").
Zowonetsa Augmentin ®
Kuphatikiza kwa amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid akuwonetsedwa kuti azichiza matenda a bakiteriya a malo otsatirawa omwe amayamba chifukwa cha tizilombo tomwe timayang'ana pakuphatikizidwa kwa amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid:
matenda apamwamba a kupuma thirakiti (kuphatikizapo matenda a ENT), mwachitsanzo. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus fuluwenza 1, Moraxella catarrhalis 1 ndi Streptococcus pyogene, (kupatula mapiritsi a Augmentin 250 mg / 125 mg),
matenda am'munsi kupuma, monga kufalikira kwa chifuwa, chibayo, ndi bronchopneumonia, yomwe imayamba chifukwa Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus fuluwenza 1 ndi Moraxella catarrhalis 1,
matenda amkodzo thirakiti, monga cystitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis, matenda amtundu wamkazi, nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha mitundu ya banja Enterobacteriaceae 1 (makamaka Escherichia coli 1 ), Staphylococcus saprophyticus ndi mitundu Enterococcuskomanso chinzonono choyambitsidwa ndi Nisseria gonorrhoeae 1,
khungu ndi minofu yofewa matenda omwe amayambitsidwa nthawi zambiri Staphylococcus aureus 1, Streptococcus pyogene ndi mitundu Mabakiteriya 1,
matenda a mafupa ndi mafupa, monga osteomyelitis, omwe amayambitsidwa nthawi zambiri Staphylococcus aureus 1, ngati ndi kotheka, chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali nchotheka.
matenda a odontogenic, mwachitsanzo, periodontitis, odontogenic maxillary sinusitis, mano otupa kwambiri ndi kufalikira kwa cellulitis (piritsi la Augmentin piritsi, mlingo wa 500 mg / 125 mg, 875 mg / 125 mg),
matenda ena osakanikirana (mwachitsanzo, kuchotsa mimba kwa septic, sepsis ya pambuyo pake) monga gawo lamankhwala othandizira (piritsi la Augmentin piritsi limodzi ndi 250 mg / 125 mg, 500 mg / 125 mg, 875 mg / 125 mg),
1 Oimira pawokha amtundu wa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timatulutsa beta-lactamase, yomwe imawapangitsa kuti asamve chidwi ndi amoxicillin (onani. Pharmacodynamics).
Matenda oyambitsidwa ndi tizilombo tomwe timayamwa amoxicillin amatha kuthandizidwa ndi Augmentin ®, chifukwa amoxicillin ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimagwira. Augmentin ® amasonyezedwanso ntchito yochizira matenda osakanikirana omwe amayambitsidwa ndi ma tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tokhudza amoxicillin, komanso ma tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timene timatulutsa beta-lactamase, tcheru ndi kuphatikiza kwa amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid.
Mphamvu ya mabakiteriya kuphatikiza kwa amoxicillin ndi asidi wa clavulanic amasiyanasiyana malinga ndi dera komanso nthawi. Ngati kuli kotheka, zosowa zamderalo ziyenera kukumbukiridwa. Ngati ndi kotheka, zitsanzo za tizilombo ting'onoting'onoting'ono ziyenera kusungidwa ndikuwunikidwa kuti mumve ma bacteria.
Mimba komanso kuyamwa
Mu maphunziro a ntchito za kubereka mu nyama, makamwa ndi utsogoleri wa Augmentin ® sizinayambitse zotsatira za teratogenic.
Pakufufuza kumodzi komwe kumachitika mwa amayi omwe ali ndi matendawa zisanachitike, zidapezeka kuti njira zothandizira kupewa ndi Augmentin ® zitha kuphatikizidwa ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha necrotizing enterocolitis mwa akhanda. Monga mankhwala onse, Augmentin ® siyikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito panthawi yomwe muli ndi pakati, pokhapokha ngati phindu lomwe likuyembekezeredwa kwa mayi limaposa chiwopsezo cha mwana wosabadwayo.
Mankhwala Augmentin ® angagwiritsidwe ntchito poyamwa. Kupatula kuti mwina mungayambitse matenda otsegula m'mimba kapena maselo a mucous nembanemba amkamwa omwe amakhudzana ndi kulowetsedwa kwa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwalawa mkaka wa m'mawere, palibe zovuta zina zomwe zimawonedwa mu makanda oyamwa.Pankhani yovuta ya makanda omwe akuyamwitsa, ndikofunikira kusiya kuyamwitsa.
Zotsatira zoyipa
Zochitika zoyipa zomwe zaperekedwa pansipa zalembedwa malinga ndi kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo ndi ziwalo zamagulu ndi pafupipafupi zomwe zimachitika. Pafupipafupi mwadzidzidzi imatsimikiziridwa motere: nthawi zambiri - ≥1 / 10, nthawi zambiri ≥1 / 100 ndi PV, kuchepa magazi, eosinophilia, thrombocytosis.
Kuchokera ku chitetezo chamthupi: kawirikawiri - angioedema, anaphylactic zimachitika, ndi matenda ofanana ndi seramu matenda, matupi a vasculitis.
Kuchokera ku dongosolo lamanjenje: pafupipafupi - chizungulire, kupweteka mutu, kawirikawiri - kusinthanso mphamvu, kupweteka (kupweteka kumachitika mwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto laimpso, komanso kwa iwo omwe amalandira kuchuluka kwa mankhwala), kusowa tulo, kukhumudwa, nkhawa, kusintha kwa machitidwe.
- akuluakulu: pafupipafupi - kutsekula m'mimba, nthawi zambiri - nseru, kusanza,
- Ana: pafupipafupi - kutsekula m'mimba, kusanza, kusanza,
- Anthu onse: nseru zimakonda kuphatikizidwa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mankhwala ambiri. Ngati atayamba kumwa mankhwalawo pakakhala zosakhudzika zam'mimba, amatha kutha ngati Augmentin ® atengedwa kumayambiriro kwa chakudya, kugaya chakudya, colitis yokhudzana ndi antioticotic (kuphatikizapo pseudomembranous colitis ndi hemorrhagic colitis) »Lilime, gastritis, stomatitis, kusintha kwa khungu kwa dzino. Kusamalira pakamwa kumathandiza kuti mano asatulutsidwe, popeza kutsuka mano ndikokwanira.
Pa mbali ya chiwindi ndi biliary thirakiti: pafupipafupi - kuwonjezeka kwapakati pa ntchito ya AST ndi / kapena ALT. Vutoli limawonedwa mwa odwala omwe amalandira beta-lactam antiotic therapy, koma kufunikira kwake kuchipatala sikudziwika. Osowa kwambiri - hepatitis ndi cholestatic jaundice. Izi zimawonedwa mwa odwala omwe amalandira chithandizo chamankhwala a penicillin ndi cephalosporins. Kuchulukitsitsa kwa bilirubin ndi zamchere phosphatase.
Zotsatira zoyipa kuchokera ku chiwindi zimawonedwa makamaka mwa abambo ndi odwala okalamba ndipo amatha kuyanjana ndi chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali. Zochitika zoyipa izi sizimawonedwa kawirikawiri mwa ana.
Zizindikiro zolembedwa ndi zizindikiro zambiri zimachitika nthawi yotsiriza kapena itangotha, koma nthawi zina amatha kuonekera kwa milungu ingapo atamaliza kulandira chithandizo. Zochitika zoyipa nthawi zambiri zimasinthidwa. Zochitika zoyipa za chiwindi zimatha kukhala zowopsa, nthawi zina pamakhala nkhani zakufa. Pafupifupi nthawi zonse, awa anali odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la matenda kapena odwala omwe amalandila mankhwala oopsa a hepatotoxic.
Pa khungu ndi subcutaneous minofu: pafupipafupi - zidzolo, kuyabwa, urticaria, kawirikawiri erythema multiforme, kawirikawiri Stevens-Johnson syndrome, poyizoni epermosis, oxous exfoliative dermatitis, pachimake kwambiri pantulosis.
Ngati khungu lanu siligwirizana, mankhwala a Augmentin ® ayenera kusiyidwa.
Kuchokera ku impso ndi kwamkodzo thirakiti: kawirikawiri - interstitial nephritis, crystalluria (onani "Overdose"), hematuria.
Kuchita
Kugwiritsa ntchito munthawi yomweyo mankhwala a Augmentin ® ndi phenenecid osavomerezeka. Probenecid imachepetsa katulutsidwe katulutsidwe ka amoxicillin, chifukwa chake, munthawi yomweyo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a Augmentin ® ndi probenecide kungayambitse kuchuluka ndi kulimbikira kwa ndende ya magazi ya amoxicillin, koma osati clavulanic acid.
Kugwiritsa ntchito munthawi yomweyo allopurinol ndi amoxicillin kungakulitse chiopsezo cha khungu losokonezeka. Pakadali pano, palibe zambiri m'mabuku zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi imodzi yophatikizira amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid ndi allopurinol.
Ma penicillin amatha kuchepetsa mayankho a methotrexate m'thupi mwa kuletsa kubisalira kwake, kotero kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi imodzi ndi gawo la Augmentin ndi methotrexate kungakulitse kuchuluka kwa methotrexate.
Monga mankhwala ena a antibacterial, kukonzekera kwa Augmentin ® kungakhudze microflora yamatumbo, zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa mayamwidwe a estrogen kuchokera m'matumbo am'mimba komanso kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito opatsirana pakamwa.
Mabukuwa amafotokoza zochitika zapafupipafupi za kuwonjezeka kwa MHO mwa odwala omwe amaphatikizana ndi acenocumarol kapena warfarin ndi amoxicillin. Ngati ndi kotheka, makonzedwe omwewo a Augmentin ® kukonzekera ndi ma PV anticoagulants kapena MHO iyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala popereka kapena kufalitsa kukonzekera kwa Augmentin ®; kusintha kwa mankhwalawa kwa anticoagulants pakamwa kungafunike.
Mlingo ndi makonzedwe
Mlingo wa mankhwalawa umayikidwa payekhapayekha, kutengera zaka, kulemera kwa thupi, impso ya wodwalayo, komanso kuopsa kwa matendawa.
Kuti muchepetse kusokonezeka kwa m'mimba ndikuwonjezera kuyamwa, mankhwalawa ayenera kumwedwa kumayambiriro kwa chakudya. Njira yochepetsetsa ya mankhwala opha maantibayotiki ndi masiku 5.
Kuchiza sikuyenera kupitilira masiku opitilira 14 osanenapo za matenda.
Ngati ndi kotheka, n`kotheka kuchita stepwise mankhwala (woyamba kholo makonzedwe a mankhwala ndi kusintha kwa m`kamwa makonzedwe).
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti 2 tabu. Augmentin ®, 250 mg + 125 mg siofanana ndi piritsi limodzi. Augmentin ®, 500 mg + 125 mg.
Akuluakulu ndi ana azaka 12 kapena kupitirira kapena masekeli 40 kapena kupitilira. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito 11 ml ya kuyimitsidwa pamlingo wa 400 mg + 57 mg mu 5 ml, womwe ndi wofanana ndi tebulo limodzi. Augmentin ®, 875 mg + 125 mg.
1 tabu. 250 mg + 125 mg katatu patsiku matenda opatsirana modekha. Mu matenda opweteka kwambiri (kuphatikiza matenda amkati komanso obwereza kwamkodzo, matenda oyamba ndi kupuma kwaposachedwa), mankhwala ena a Augmentin ® amalimbikitsidwa.
1 tabu. 500 mg + 125 mg katatu patsiku.
1 tabu. 875 mg + 125 mg kawiri pa tsiku.
Ana a zaka zitatu mpaka zaka 12 okhala ndi thupi lochepera 40 makilogalamu. Kuwerengera Mlingo kumachitika malinga ndi zaka komanso kulemera kwa thupi, zomwe zimawonetsedwa mg / kg / tsiku kapena ml ya kuyimitsidwa. Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku umagawidwa pakudya 3 tsiku lililonse kwa maola 8 aliwonse (125 mg + 31.25 mg) kapena 2 pa maola 12 aliwonse (200 mg + 28,5 mg, 400 mg + 57 mg). Mlingo woyeserera komanso kuchuluka kwa makonzedwe akufotokozedwa pansipa.
Mlingo wa Augmentin ® mlingo wa mankhwalawa kutengera amoxicillin
| Mlingo | Kuyimitsidwa 4: 1 (125 mg + 31.25 mg mu 5 ml), mu 3 Mlingo uliwonse maola 8 | Kuyimitsidwa 7: 1 (200 mg + 28,5 mg mu 5 ml kapena 400 mg + 57 mg mu 5 ml), mu 2 Mlingo uliwonse maola 12 |
| Otsika | 20 mg / kg / tsiku | 25 mg / kg / tsiku |
| Pamwamba | 40 mg / kg / tsiku | 45 mg / kg / tsiku |
Mlingo wocheperako wa Augmentin ® amalimbikitsidwa zochizira matenda amkhungu ndi minyewa yofewa, komanso matendawo.
Mlingo wambiri wa Augmentin ® amalimbikitsidwa kuti azichiza matenda monga otitis media, sinusitis, matenda am'munsi kupuma komanso kwamkodzo, matenda a mafupa ndi mafupa.
Palibe chidziwitso chokwanira cha chipatala cholimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito Augmentin ® muyezo woposa 40 mg + 10 mg / kg mu 3% yogawika (4: 1 kuyimitsidwa) mwa ana osakwana zaka 2.
Ana kuyambira pakubadwa mpaka miyezi itatu. Chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwa mawonekedwe a impso, mlingo woyenera wa Augmentin ® (kuwerengera amoxicillin) ndi 30 mg / kg / tsiku mu 2 waukulu magawo a 4: 1.
Makanda obadwa asanakwane. Palibe malingaliro pa mtundu uliwonse wa mankhwalawo.
Magulu apadera a odwala
Odwala okalamba. Malangizo a mtundu sagwiritsidwanso ntchito mulingo womwewo sagwiritsidwanso ntchito; Okalamba odwala mkhutu aimpso ntchito, Mlingo woyenera amamulembera odwala omwe ali ndi vuto laimpso.
Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la chiwindi. Kuchiza kumachitika mosamala; ntchito ya chiwindi imayang'aniridwa nthawi zonse. Palibe deta yokwanira kuti musinthe malangizowo mwa odwala.
Odwala ndi mkhutu aimpso ntchito. Kuwongolera kwa dongosolo la mankhwalawa kumadalira kuchuluka kwa mlingo wovomerezeka wa amoxicillin ndi kufunika kwa chiwonetsero cha ntchito.
Malangizo a Augmentin ®
| Cl creatinine, ml / mphindi | 4: 1 kuyimitsidwa (125 mg + 31.25 mg mu 5 ml) | Kuyimitsidwa 7: 1 (200 mg + 28,5 mg mu 5 ml kapena 400 mg + 57 mg mu 5 ml) | Mapiritsi okhala ndi mafilimu, 250 mg + 125 mg | Mapiritsi okhala ndi mafilimu, 500 mg + 125 mg | Mapiritsi okhala ndi mafilimu, 875 mg + 125 mg |
| >30 | Palibe kusintha kwa mlingo wofunikira | Palibe kusintha kwa mlingo wofunikira | Palibe kusintha kwa mlingo wofunikira | Palibe kusintha kwa mlingo wofunikira | Palibe kusintha kwa mlingo wofunikira |
| 10–30 | 15 mg + 3.75 mg / kg katatu patsiku, mlingo waukulu ndi 500 mg + 125 mg 2 kawiri pa tsiku | — | 1 tabu. (wokhala ndi matenda ofatsa kuphatikiza) kawiri pa tsiku | 1 tabu. (wokhala ndi matenda ofatsa kuphatikiza) kawiri pa tsiku | — |
| ® m'magazi, muyeso wachiwiri wa 15 mg + 3.75 mg / kg uyenera kuperekedwa pambuyo pa gawo la hemodialysis. |
Mapiritsi okhala ndi mafilimu, 250 mg + 125 mg: Mlingo kusintha malinga ndi pazipita mlingo wa amoxicillin.
2 tabu. 250 mg + 125 mg mu gawo limodzi maola 24 aliwonse
Pa nthawi ya dialysis, piritsi limodzi (1 piritsi) ndi piritsi limodzi. kumapeto kwa gawo la dialysis (kubwezeretsa kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa seramu ya amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid).
Mapiritsi okhala ndi mafilimu, 500 mg + 125 mg: Mlingo kusintha malinga ndi pazipita mlingo wa amoxicillin.
1 tabu. 500 mg + 125 mg mu gawo limodzi maola 24 aliwonse
Pa nthawi ya dialysis, piritsi limodzi (1 piritsi) ndi piritsi limodzi. kumapeto kwa gawo la dialysis (kubwezeretsa kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa seramu ya amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid).
Njira yokonzekera kuyimitsidwa
Kuyimitsidwa kumakonzedwa nthawi yomweyo asanagwiritse ntchito koyamba. Pafupifupi 60 ml ya madzi owiritsa owiritsa kuti afundire kutentha ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ku botolo la ufa, ndiye kutseka botolo ndi chivindikiro ndikugwedeza mpaka ufa utasungunuka kwathunthu, lolani botolo kuti liyime kwa mphindi 5 kuti mutsimikizire kuchepetsedwa kwathunthu. Kenako yikani madzi pachizindikiro pa botolo ndikugwedezaninso botolo. Pafupifupi, pafupifupi 92 ml ya madzi amafunika kukonzekera kuyimitsidwa kwa Mlingo wa 125 mg + 31.25 mg ndi 64 ml ya madzi pa mlingo wa 200 mg + 28,5 mg ndi 400 mg + 57 mg.
Botolo liyenera kugwedezedwa bwino musanagwiritse ntchito. Kuti mupeze dosing yolondola ya mankhwala, chipewa choyezera chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, chomwe chimayenera kutsukidwa bwino ndi madzi mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito. Pambuyo pa kuchepetsedwa, kuyimitsidwa kuyenera kusungidwa osaposa masiku 7 mufiriji, koma osapanga chisanu.
Kwa ana osakwana zaka 2, muyezo umodzi wokha wa kuyimitsidwa kwa Augmentin ® ukhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi muyezo wa 1: 1.
Bongo
Zizindikiro imatha kuwonedwa kuchokera m'matumbo am'mimba komanso kusokonezeka kwa madzi mu-electrolyte.
Amoxicillin crystalluria akufotokozedwa, nthawi zina kumabweretsa kukula kwa aimpso (onani "Maupangiri Apadera").
Kugwedezeka kwa odwala mkhutu aimpso ntchito, komanso kwa iwo amene amalandira kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa.
Chithandizo: Zizindikiro kuchokera m`mimba thirakiti - Symbalatic mankhwala, kulabadira mwapadera ku matenda a madzi-electrolyte bwino. Amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid amatha kuchotsedwa m'magazi ndi hemodialysis.
Zotsatira za kafukufuku woyembekezeredwa yemwe wachitika ndi ana 51 pamalo operekera poizoni adawonetsa kuti kayendedwe ka amoxicillin pamlingo wochepera 250 mg / kg sizinachititse kuti pakhale zizindikiro zazikulu zakuchipatala ndipo sikunafunike kuti pakhale chiphuphu.
Kutulutsa Fomu
Ufa woyimitsidwa pakamwa, 125 mg + 31.25 mg mu 5 ml. Mu botolo lagalasi lowoneka bwino, lotsekedwa ndi screw-aluminium cap ndikuwongolera kutsegulira koyamba, 11.5 g 1 fl. pamodzi ndi chipewa choyezera mu chikatoni cha makatoni.
Ufa pakukonzekera kuyimitsidwa pakamwa pakamwa, 200 mg + 28,5 mg mu 5 ml, 400 mg + 57 mg mu 5 ml. Mu botolo lagalasi lowonekera lotsekeka ndi chikwapu cha aluminium choyambirira ndikutsegulira koyamba, 7.7 g (kwa mulingo wa 200 mg + 28,5 mg mu 5 ml) kapena 12,6 g (pa mulingo wa 400 mg + 57 mg mu 5 ml) ) 1 fl. pamodzi ndi chingwe choyezera kapena syringe yosungidwa mu katoni.
Mapiritsi okhala ndi mafilimu, 250 mg + 125 mg. Mu aluminium / PVC blister 10 ma PC. 1 chithuza ndi thumba la silika gel osakaniza mu phukusi la foam ya aluminiyamu. Zithunzi ziwiri zojambulidwa mumakatoni.
Mapiritsi okhala ndi mafilimu, 500 mg + 125 mg. Mu aluminium / PVC / PVDC blister 7 kapena 10 ma PC. 1 chithuza ndi thumba la silika gel osakaniza mu phukusi la foam ya aluminiyamu. 2 mapaketi a laminal zotayidwa zojambulazo mu katoni.
Mapiritsi okhala ndi mafilimu, 850 mg + 125 mg. Mu aluminium / PVC blister 7 ma PC. 1 chithuza ndi thumba la silika gel osakaniza mu phukusi la foam ya aluminiyamu. Zithunzi ziwiri zojambulidwa mumakatoni.
Wopanga
SmithKlein Beach P.C. BN14 8QH, West Sussex, Vorsin, Clarendon Road, UK.
Dzinalo ndi adilesi ya bungwe lovomerezeka lomwe mayina awo alembedwa: GlaxoSmithKline Trading CJSC. 119180, Moscow, Yakimanskaya nab., 2.
Kuti mumve zambiri, kulumikizana: GlaxoSmithKline Trading CJSC. 121614, Moscow, st. Krylatskaya, 17, bldg. 3, pansi 5. Paki Yabizinesi "Mapiri a Krylatsky."
Foni: (495) 777-89-00, fakisi: (495) 777-89-04.
Tsiku lotha ntchito la Augmentin ®
mafilimu okhala ndi mafilimu 250 mg + 125 mg 250 mg + 125 - zaka 2.
makanema okhala ndi filimu 500 mg + 125 mg - zaka 3.
makanema okhala ndi mafilimu 875 mg + 125 mg - zaka 3.
ufa w kuyimitsidwa pakakonzedwe kamlomo ka 125mg + 31.25mg / 5ml - zaka 2. Kuyimitsidwa okonzeka ndi masiku 7.
ufa woyimitsidwa pakumwa kwamlomo 200 mg + 28,5 mg / 5 ml 200 mg + 28,5 mg / 5 - 2 zaka. Kuyimitsidwa okonzeka ndi masiku 7.
ufa woyimitsidwa pakumwa kwamlomo 400 mg + 57 mg / 5 ml 400 mg + 57 mg / 5 - 2 zaka. Kuyimitsidwa okonzeka ndi masiku 7.
Osagwiritsa ntchito tsiku lotha ntchito likusonyezedwa pa phukusi.
Kupanga ndi mawonekedwe a kumasulidwa
Tikulemba mitundu yotulutsira mankhwala omwe alembedwa ku Russia:
- Kusankha ngati mawonekedwe a ufa wouma pakukonzekera kuyimitsidwa kwamlomo, komwe kumakhala ndi 125 mg + 31.25 mg mu 5 ml ya mankhwala omaliza.
- Augmentin mu mawonekedwe a ufa wowuma pokonzekera kuyimitsidwa kwamlomo komwe kumakhala ndi 200 mg + 28,5 mg mu 5 ml ya mankhwala omalizidwa,
- Augmentin ufa wokhala ndi 400 mg + 57 mg mu 5 ml wa kuyimitsidwa kotsiriza,
- Augmentin ufa, womwe umapangidwa kuti ukonzekere njira yothetsera kulowetsedwa kwamkati,
- Augmentin ES ufa wokonzekera kuyimitsidwa kwa ana, omwe ali ndi 600 mg + 42.9 mg mu 5 ml,
- Mapiritsi a 500mg + 125mg
- Mapiritsi a 875 mg + 125 mg
- Mapiritsi a Augmentin 250mg + 125 mg.
Gulu la Clinical ndi pharmacological: antibayotiki wa gulu lalikulu la penicillin wokhala ndi beta-lactamase inhibitor.
Kodi Augmentin amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji?
Malinga ndi malangizo Augmentin amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda oyambitsidwa ndi bakiteriya omwe amayang'aniridwa ndi mankhwala. Izi zikuphatikiza:
- Matenda a ziwalo za ENT - atitis media, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, sinusitis,
- Zofooka za bronchopulmonary dongosolo: pachimake bronchitis, kuchuluka kwa matenda a chifuwa, chibayo,
- Matenda osakhazikika a genitourinary system: cystitis, pyelonephritis, urethritis, mwa akazi - bakiteriya vulvovaginitis, endocervicitis,
- Khungu ndi matenda ofewa am'mimba.
- Matenda owononga matumbo - kamwazi, salmonellosis,
- Matenda a musculoskeletal - osteomyelitis, mitundu ina ya nyamakazi yopatsirana,
- Matenda a mano - periodontitis, mano
- Gonorrhea
- Sepsis.
Komanso, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa Augmentin kukuwonekera chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe zimachitika panthawi yothandizira.
Zotsatira za pharmacological
Maanti-awonetsero othandizira. Ili ndi bacteriolytic (mabakiteriya owononga).Imagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi ma aerobic osiyanasiyana (omwe amangopanga mpweya wa okosijeni) komanso anaerobic (okhoza kukhalapo osakhalapo ndi okosijeni) a gram-positive komanso aerobic zolembedwa zamagetsi, kuphatikizapo tizilombo ta "beta-lactamase" (enzyme yomwe imawononga penicillin).
Clavulanic acid, yomwe ndi gawo lokonzekera, imapereka kukana kwa amoxicillin ku zotsatira za beta-lactamases, kukulitsa chiwonetsero chake.
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito
Malinga ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito Augmentin, muyezo wa mankhwalawa umayikidwa payekha kutengera zaka, kulemera kwa thupi, impso ya wodwalayo, komanso kuopsa kwa matendawa. Ngati ndi kotheka, n`kotheka kuchita magawo mankhwala (kumayambiriro kwa mankhwala, makolo makonzedwe a mankhwala ndi kusintha kwa m`kamwa makonzedwe).
- Akuluakulu ndi ana opitirira zaka 12 kapena masekeli 40 kapena kupitilira. 1 piritsi 250 mg / 125 mg katatu / tsiku (kwa matenda ofatsa kwambiri kapena mwamphamvu), kapena piritsi limodzi 500 mg / 125 mg katatu kapena tsiku, kapena piritsi limodzi 875 mg / 125 mg katatu / tsiku, kapena 11 ml ya kuyimitsidwa kwa 400 mg / 57 mg / 5 ml 2 nthawi / tsiku (lofanana ndi piritsi limodzi la 875 mg / 125 mg).
- Mapiritsi awiri a 250 mg / 125 mg safanana ndi piritsi limodzi la 500 mg / 125 mg.
- Ana kuyambira miyezi itatu kufika zaka 12 ali ndi thupi lolemera zosakwana 40 kg. Mankhwalawa adapangidwira mu mawonekedwe a kuyimitsidwa pakamwa. Kuwerengera Mlingo kumachitika malinga ndi zaka komanso kulemera kwa thupi, zomwe zimawonetsedwa mu mg / kg thupi / tsiku (kuwerengera malinga ndi amoxicillin) kapena ml ya kuyimitsidwa.
- Ana kuyambira pakubadwa mpaka miyezi itatu. Chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwa mawonekedwe a impso, njira yolimbikitsira ya Augmentin (yowerengedwa molingana ndi amoxicillin) ndi 30 mg / kg / tsiku 2 mu 2 mg womwe umagawanika mwanjira ya kuyimitsidwa kwa 4: 1.
Njira yochepetsetsa ya mankhwala opha maantibayotiki ndi masiku 5. Kuchiza sikuyenera kupitilira masiku opitilira 14 osanenapo za matenda. Kuti muzitha kuyamwa ndikuchepetsa zotsatira zoyipa zamagetsi, Augmentin akulimbikitsidwa kuti idzatenge kumayambiriro kwa chakudya.
Augmentin pa mimba ndi mkaka wa m`mawere
Monga maantibayotiki ambiri a gulu la penicillin, amoxicillin, woperekedwa m'matupi athupi, umalowanso mkaka wa m'mawere. Komanso, tsatanetsatane wa clavulanic acid amatha kupezeka mkaka.
Komabe, palibe vuto lililonse pakubadwa kwa mwana lomwe limadziwika. Nthawi zina, kuphatikiza kwa clavulanic acid ndi amoxicillin kungayambitse matenda am'mimba komanso / kapena candidiasis (thrush) ya mucous nembanemba mkamwa.
Augmentin ali m'gulu la mankhwala omwe amaloledwa kuyamwitsa. Komabe, poyerekeza ndi momwe mayiyo amathandizira ndi Augmentin, mwana amakhala ndi zovuta zina, kuyamwitsa kuyimitsidwa.
Zofanizira za Augmentin ndi A-Clav-Farmex, Amoxiclav, Amoxil-K, Betaclav, Clavamitin, Medoclav, Teraclav.
Chidwi: kugwiritsa ntchito ma fanizo kuyenera kuvomerezana ndi adokotala.
Mtengo wapakati wa Augmentin m'mafakisi (Moscow) zimatengera mawonekedwe omwe amasulidwa.
- Mapiritsi a Augmentin 250 mg + 125 mg, 20 ma PC. - kuchokera 261 rub.
- Mapiritsi a Augmentin 500 mg + 125 mg, 14 ma PC. - kuchokera 370 rub.
- Mapiritsi a Augmentin 875 mg + 125 mg, 14 ma PC. - kuchokera 350 rub.
Migwirizano ndi magwiritsidwe akusungidwa
Mankhwalawa amayenera kusungidwa m'malo owuma osapezekera kwa ana kwa kutentha kosaposa 25 ° C. Alumali moyo wamapiritsi (250 mg + 125 mg) ndi (875 mg + 125 mg) ndi zaka 2, ndipo mapiritsi (500 mg + 125 mg) ndi zaka zitatu. Moyo wa alumali wa ufa pokonzekera kuyimitsidwa mu botolo losatsimikizika ndi zaka 2.
Kuyimitsidwa okonzekeraku kuyenera kusungidwa mufiriji pamtunda wa 2 ° mpaka 8 ° C kwa masiku 7.
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