Mayeso a matenda a shuga: mndandanda watsatanetsatane

Ngati mukukayikira matenda ashuga, wodwalayo akulimbikitsidwa kukayezetsa kuti adziwe ngati ali ndi matendawa. Kuti mumveke bwino chithunzi chachipatala, pangafunike kuwunika ntchito zaimpso, kapamba, ndende ya shuga, komanso zovuta zina kuchokera ku ziwalo zina ndi machitidwe.

Zizindikiro za Matenda A shuga

Kutengera mtundu wa shuga, imatha kudziwonetsa kumayambiriro kapena uchikulire, kukula msanga kapena kupitilira nthawi. Muyenera kuyesedwa ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga ngati zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikuwonekera:

• ludzu lalikulu ndi kamwa yowuma, njala yosatha,
• kupukusa kwambiri komanso pafupipafupi, makamaka usiku,
• kufooka ndi kutopa, chizungulire, kufooka kopanda tanthauzo kapena kunenepa kwambiri,
• kuyanika, kuyabwa ndi kuzimiririka pakhungu, komanso mabala ochiritsa osakhazikika komanso kumeta, zilonda zam'mimba, kugunda kwa mankhusu kapena kudontha.
• kuyabwa mu perineum
• masomphenya osalala,
• kuchuluka kwa chiuno mwa akazi - pamwambapa 88 masentimita, mwa amuna - pamwamba pa 102 cm.

Zizindikiro izi zimatha kuchitika mukakumana ndi zovuta, kapamba wam'mbuyomu kapena matenda opatsirana a virus. Ngati mukuwona chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi, musazengereze kukaonana ndi dokotala.

Mayeso a kulolera a glucose

Mayeso a kulolerana kwa glucose ndi mayeso osavuta omwe amalembedwa chifukwa cha zovuta zamagulu a metabolism. Amasonyezedwanso kwa hepatic pathologies, pakati, matenda a chithokomiro. Phunziroli limachitika m'mimba yopanda kanthu m'mawa 8 mutatha chakudya chatha kapena pambuyo pake. Madzulo a zitsanzo za magazi, zochitika zolimbitsa thupi siziyenera kupatula. Mlingo wabwinobwino umasiyanasiyana kuchokera ku 4.1-5.9 mmol / L.

Kuyesedwa kwa shuga m'magazi kumayikidwa ngati zizindikiro za shuga zimawerengedwa pamodzi ndi kuwerenga kwabwinobwino kwa shuga. Phunziroli limakupatsani mwayi wodziwa zovuta zobisika za carbohydrate metabolism. Amawerengera kunenepa kwambiri, kuthamanga kwa magazi, shuga kwambiri panthawi yoyembekezera, thumba losunga mazira, matenda a chiwindi. Iyenera kuchitika ngati mutamwa mankhwala a mahomoni kwa nthawi yayitali kapena mukudwala furunculosis ndi matenda a periodontal. Kuyesaku kumafunika kukonzekera. Kwa masiku atatu, muyenera kudya mwachizolowezi ndi kumwa madzi okwanira, kupewa kutuluka thukuta kwambiri. Tsiku loti lisanachitike phunziroli, ndibwino kuti musamwe mowa, khofi, kapena utsi. Phunziroli limachitika maola 12-14 mutatha kudya. Poyamba, index ya shuga imayezedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndiye kuti wodwalayo amamwa yankho la 100 ml ya madzi ndi 75 g ya glucose, ndipo phunzirolo limabwerezedwa pambuyo pa maola 1 ndi 2. Nthawi zambiri, shuga sayenera kupitirira 7.8 mmol / l, pa 7.8-11.1 mmol / l, matenda a prediabetes, ndipo akuwonetsa kuposa 11.1 mmol / l, matenda a shuga.

Glycated Hemoglobin

Glycated hemoglobin ndi chizindikiro chomwe chimawonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi miyezi itatu yapitayo. Kusanthula koteroko kuyenera kuchitidwa nthawi iliyonse, izi zikuwonetsa magawo a matenda osokoneza bongo kapena kuwunika momwe mankhwalawo amathandizira. Kusanthula kumachitika m'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Pasapezeke magazi ochulukirapo kapena kulowetsedwa mkati mwa masiku awiri 2-3 maphunziro asanachitike. Nthawi zambiri, 4.5-6.5% amadziwika, ndi prediabetes - 6-6.5%, omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga - oposa 6.5%.

Mayeso a mkodzo

Ngati matenda a shuga akukayikiridwa, kuyesa kwamkodzo kumatha kuzindikira mofulumira zamankhwala zomwe zimawonetsa kukula kwa matendawa. Mu shuga mellitus, mayeso otsatirawa ayenera kumwedwa.

• Urinalysis Kuchita lendi pamimba yopanda kanthu. Kukhalapo kwa shuga mkodzo kukuwonetsa shuga. Nthawi zambiri, kulibe.
• Urinalysis Zimakupatsani mwayi wodziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga mumkodzo masana. Kuti muzisonkhanitsa moyenera, gawo lam'mawa limaperekedwa pasanathe maola 6 mutatha kusonkhanitsa, ena onse amatengedwa mu chidebe choyera. Tsiku lisanafike phunziroli, simungathe kudya tomato, beets, zipatso za malalanje, kaloti, dzungu, buckwheat.
• Kusanthula kwa microalbumin. Kukhalapo kwa mapuloteni kumawonetsa kusokonezeka komwe kumayenderana ndi metabolic njira. Pankhani ya shuga wodalira insulin, ichi ndi matenda ashuga, ndipo vuto la matenda osagwirizana ndi insulin, kukula kwa zovuta zochokera mu mtima. Nthawi zambiri, mapuloteni samapezeka kapena amawoneka ochepa. Ndi matenda, kuchuluka kwa microalbumin mu impso kumawonjezeka. Mkodzo wam'mawa ndi woyenera kufufuza: gawo loyamba limatsitsidwa, lachiwiri limasonkhanitsidwa mumtsuko ndikupita ku labotor.
• Kusanthula kwa matupi a ketone. Izi ndi chizindikiro cha zovuta zamafuta ndi chakudya chamafuta. Matupi a Ketone amatsimikiza mu ma labotale ndi njira ya Natelson, poyankha ndi sodium nitroprusside, poyesedwa ndi Gerhardt, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zingwe zoyeserera.

Njira zowonjezera

Kuphatikiza pa kuyesa mkodzo ndi magazi a glucose ndi mapuloteni, akatswiri amawunika mayeso angapo omwe amalembedwera odwala omwe amawaganizira kuti ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo ndipo amatha kudziwa kuphwanya ziwalo zamkati. Kuzindikira kumatha kutsimikiziridwa ndi kuyesa kwa C-peptide, ma antibodies a cell a pancreatic beta, glutamic acid decarboxylase ndi leptin.

C-peptide ndi chizindikiro cha kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa kapamba. Kugwiritsa ntchito mayeserowa, mutha kusankha mtundu wa insulin. Nthawi zambiri, C-peptide ndi 0.5-2.0 μg / L; kutsika kofulumira kumasonyezera kuchepa kwa insulin. Phunziroli limachitika pambuyo pa maola 10 akumva njala, patsiku loyesedwa simusuta ndikudya, mutha kumwa madzi okha.

Kuyesa kwa ma antibodies kuma cell a pancreatic beta kumathandizira kuzindikira mtundu 1 wa shuga. Pamaso pa antibodies, insulin synthesis imalephera.

Glutamic acid decarboxylase imawonjezeka ndi matenda a autoimmune - matenda a chithokomiro, anemia woopsa, mtundu 1 shuga. Zotsatira zabwino zimapezeka mu 60-80% ya odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu 1 komanso 1% ya anthu athanzi. Kuzindikira kumakupatsani mwayi wodziwika wa matenda omwe afupika komanso atypical, kuti mudziwe gulu lowopsa, kulosera mapangidwe a kudwala kwa insulin mu mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga.

Leptin ndi mahomoni satiety omwe amalimbikitsa kutentha kwa mafuta m'thupi. Miyezo yotsika ya leptin imadziwika ndi zakudya zama calorie ochepa, anorexia. Homoni yokwera ndi mnzake wazakudya zopitilira muyeso, kunenepa kwambiri, mtundu 2 shuga. Kusanthula kumachitika m'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu, atatha kudya maola 12. Tsiku lisanafike phunziroli, muyenera kupatula zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndi mafuta, kwa maola atatu - ndudu ndi khofi.

Kusanthula kumapangitsa kuti zitheke kuweruza molimba mtima kupezeka kwa matenda osokoneza bongo, mtundu wake ndi kuchuluka kwa zovuta zomwe zimayenderana nawo. Kupereka kwawo kuyenera kuthandizidwa mosamala, powona zonse zomwe dokotala akuwonetsa. Kupanda kutero, mutha kutenga zotsatira zolakwika.

Kuyesedwa kwa matenda ashuga - bwanji komanso kangati kuti mupeze

Kuyesedwa kwa matenda ashuga kuyenera kuchitika pafupipafupi kuti mudziwe mayankho a mafunso otsatirawa:

• Kodi kapamba wanu wawonongeka bwanji? Kodi maselo a beta omwe amatha kupanga insulin akadalipobe? Kapena kodi onsewa anamwalira?
• Kodi ntchito ya pancreatic imakhala yochuluka bwanji chifukwa mukumwa mankhwala? Mndandanda wa zochitika izi ndi monga mtundu wachiwiri wa chithandizo cha matenda ashuga komanso mtundu wa 1 wa chithandizo cha matenda ashuga. Kodi pali maselo owonjezera a beta mu kapamba? Kodi kupanga insulin yeniyeni kumachuluka?
• Ndi zovuta ziti zazitali zomwe zakhala zikuchitika? Kodi ndi amphamvu bwanji? Funso lofunika ndikuti impso zanu zili mumkhalidwe wotani?
• Kodi chiwopsezo chotenga matenda atsopano a shuga ndikuwonjezera omwe alipo kale? Makamaka, chiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi stroke ndi chiani? Kodi amachepetsa monga chithandizo?

Kuyesedwa kwa matenda ashuga kuyenera kumwedwa nthawi zonse. Zotsatira zawo zikuwonetsa bwino momwe phindu lotsatira regimen ndikukhalanso ndi shuga yochepa yamagazi. Ndipo werengani nkhaniyo, "Zolinga zochizira matenda amtundu woyamba 2," komanso chigawo chake, "Zomwe mungayembekezere shuga lanu likadzayamba kukhala labwinobwino."

Mavuto ambiri a shuga sangathe kupewa, komanso kusinthidwa. Zotsatira zakuchiza matenda a shuga ndi zakudya zamagulu ochepa komanso njira zathu zonse zimakhala zabwinoko kuposa zomwe zimapezeka mwanjira yachikhalidwe. Nthawi yomweyo, zoyambirira zimayesedwa, kenako kukhala bwino. Chifukwa chake, kuyesedwa kwa matenda ashuga ndi "chizindikiro chotsogola" chothandiza pakugwirira ntchito.

Kuphatikiza apo m'nkhaniyo, mayesero amafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane kuti ndikofunika kutenga nthawi zonse matenda ashuga. Ambiri aiwo ndiosankha. Ndikofunika kuyesedwa mu labotale yolipira payokha, yomwe ndiyodziyimira payokha, kutanthauza kuti sizipangitsa kuti zotsatira za zofuna za madotolo zitheke. Ma labotale abwino aboma amagwiritsanso ntchito zida zatsopano ndi ma reagents, kotero zotsatira za kusanthula ndizolondola. Ngati sizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito zawo, ndiye kuti mumayesedwe aulere kuchipatala.

Ngati mayeso ena sangathe kudutsa kapena okwera mtengo kwambiri - mutha kuwadumpha. Chachikulu ndikugula njira yolondola ya shuga m'magazi ndipo nthawi zambiri amawongolera shuga ndimagazi. Palibe chifukwa musasunge pamiyeso ya glucometer! Ndikofunikanso kumatenga magazi ndi mkodzo pafupipafupi kuti muwone ntchito ya impso. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi a protein ya C-reactive (kuti isasokonezeke ndi C-peptide!) M'malo ochitira anthu ena zinthu zambiri kumakhala kodula ndipo ndi chizindikiro chabwino chakuopsa kwa matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko, komanso kuchuluka kwa zomwe mumakwaniritsa kuti muchepetse izi. Mayeso ena onse - perekani nthawi iliyonse yomwe zingatheke.

Glycated hemoglobin

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa glycated (glycosylated) hemoglobin. Ngati simukulandira insulin, ndiye kuti amayesedwa katatu pachaka. Ngati mumachiza matenda a shuga ndi jakisoni wa insulin - kanayi pachaka. Kuti mumve zambiri onani nkhani ya "Kuyesa kwa magazi a glycated hemoglobin".

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa glycated hemoglobin HbA1C ndichabwino kwambiri pakuzindikira koyambirira kwa matenda ashuga. Koma pamene chithandizo cha matendawa chikuwongoleredwa ndi chithandizo chake, ndiye kuti, chofunikira kwambiri. HbA1C imawonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi atatu apitawa. Koma sapereka chidziwitso pakuwonjezeraku.

M'miyezi yapitayi, odwala matenda ashuga akadadumpha pafupipafupi - kuchokera ku hypoglycemia mpaka shuga wambiri magazi, thanzi lake lidawonongeka. Koma ngati kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kukakhala koyandikira, ndiye kuti kuwunika kwa HbA1C sikuwonetsa chilichonse chapadera. Chifukwa chake, mu shuga, kusanthula kwa hemoglobin wa glycated sikuchotsa kufunika koti muyeza magazi anu tsiku lililonse kangapo ndi glucometer.

Kuyesa kwa C-peptide

C-peptide ndi mapuloteni omwe amachotsedwa mu molekyulu ya "proinsulin" pomwe insulin ikapangidwa kuchokera pamenepo kapamba. Imalowa m'magazi ndi insulin. Chifukwa chake, ngati C-peptide imazungulira m'magazi, zikutanthauza kuti thupi likupitilirabe kupanga yake insulin. Ndipo C-peptide yochulukitsitsa m'magazi, kuphatikiza bwino ntchito kumachitika. Nthawi yomweyo, ngati ndende ya C-peptide m'magazi ndi yokwera kuposa yachilendo, ndiye kuti mlingo wa insulin ndi wokwera. Izi zimatchedwa hyperinsulinism (hyperinsulinemia). Izi zimachitika pafupipafupi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 kapena wodwala akangokhala ndi prediabetes (kuleketsa shuga).

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa C-peptide kumachitika bwino m'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndipo panthawi yomwe shuga ya magazi imakhala yabwinobwino, osati yokwera. Imodzi ndi kusanthula uku, ndikofunika kuti mukayezetsedwe wamagazi kapena ingoyesani shuga ndi magazi a nyumba. Muyenera kusanthula zotsatira za kusanthula konse nthawi imodzi. Ngati shuga m'magazi ndilabwinobwino ndipo C-peptide imakwezedwa, ndiye kuti izi zikutanthauza kuti insulin imakana (zomwe zili komanso momwe angachitire), prediabetes kapena gawo loyambirira la matenda a shuga 2. Muzochitika zoterezi, ndi nthawi yoti muyambe kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala ochepa otsatsa mafuta, masewera olimbitsa thupi mosangalala komanso (ngati kuli kotheka) mapiritsi a Siofor (Glucofage). Nthawi yomweyo, musathamangire jakisoni wa insulin - ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kudzatheka popanda iwo.

Ngati onse shuga ndi C-peptide atakwezedwa, ndiye kuti matenda a shuga a "advanced". Komabe, mwina zidzayang'aniridwa popanda insulini, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, ngakhale wodwalayo akuyenera kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala kwambiri. Ngati shuga wamwazi wakwezedwa, ndipo C-peptide ndiyochepa, ndiye kuti kapamba akuwonongeka kale. Ikhoza kukhala mtundu wa 2 wodwala matenda ashuga kapena mtundu 1 shuga. Pano, ndizokayikitsa kuti mungathe kuchita popanda insulin. Inde, ngati zovuta zosasinthika za matenda ashuga sizikhala ndi nthawi yopanga.

Ndikofunika kuti muyesedwe magazi a seramu C-peptide mukangoyamba kuchiza matenda ashuga. M'tsogolomu, simungathe kubwereza ndikusunga mwanjira iyi, ngati pakufunika.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi ndi zida zam'magazi

Magazi a biochemistry ndi mayeso omwe amaperekedwa pachikhalidwe akapita kukayezetsa kuchipatala. Amafunikira kuti azindikire matenda obisika mthupi la munthu, kuwonjezera pa matenda ashuga, ndikuyambanso kuwachira nthawi. Wothandizira zasayansi azindikiritsa kuchuluka kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana yama cell m'magazi - maselo ofiira ndi oyera, komanso mapulateleti. Ngati pali maselo oyera ambiri, zikutanthauza kuti njira yotupa ikupitilira. Muyenera kupeza matendawa ndikuwachiza. Ngati pali maselo ofiira ochulukirapo, ichi ndi chizindikiro cha kuchepa magazi.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga 1, mwatsoka, nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa chithokomiro kulephera. Vutoli limawonetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwama cell oyera. Ngati kuyezetsa kwakukulu kwa magazi "kukuwonetsa" pakufooka kwa chithokomiro, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyesa magazi ena owonjezera pamahomoni ake. Muyenera kudziwa kuti kuunika kwa chithokomiro, sikokwanira kuchita mayeso a magazi a chithokomiro chotulutsa chithokomiro (chithokomiro cha chithokomiro). Muyenera kuonanso mahomoni ena - a T3 aulere komanso a T4 aulere.

Zizindikiro za vuto la chithokomiro ndimatopa osapumira, malekezero ozizira komanso kukokana kwa minofu. Makamaka ngati kutopa kwakuthupi kumapitirira shuga wamagazi atatsitsidwa kuti azololedwa ndi chakudya chamagulu owonjezera. Kusanthula kwamafuta a chithokomiro sikotsika mtengo, koma kuyenera kuchitika ngati kuli kofunikira. Ntchito ya chithokomiro England imasinthidwa modabwitsa ndi mapiritsi omwe amatsutsana ndi endocrinologist. Mkhalidwe wa odwala nthawi zambiri umayenda bwino chifukwa ch kumwa mapiritsi awa, kotero kuti zotsatira za mankhwalawo zimatsimikizira kuti ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, nthawi ndi kuyesetsa.

- Ndinatha kubweretsa shuga m'magazi anga ndizobwinobwino ndi chakudya chamafuta ochepa komanso majakisoni a insulin otsika. ...

Serum ferritin

Serum ferritin ndizowonetsera zamasitolo achitsulo mthupi. Nthawi zambiri kuyezetsa magazi kumeneku kumayikidwa ngati wodwala akuwonetsetsa kuti ali ndi vuto la kuchepa magazi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chitsulo. Ndi madokotala ochepa omwe amadziwa izi, mbali inayo. owonjezera chitsulo ndichomwe chimapangitsa kuchepa kwa minofu kumverera kwa insulin, i.e., insulin kukana. Imawononganso makoma amitsempha yamagazi ndikuthandizira kuyambika kwa vuto la mtima. Chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti muwunike za serum ferritin mulimonsemo, pamodzi ndi zovuta zonse zamankhwala amwazi. Ngati kuwunikaku kukuwonetsa kuti muli ndi chitsulo chochuluka mthupi, ndiye kuti zingakhale zofunikira kukhala wopereka magazi. Uku si nthabwala. Kupereka magazi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothanirana ndi insulini komanso kupewa matenda a mtima mwakuchotsa thupi lanulo.

Ndi matenda oopsa - kuyezetsa magazi kwa magnesium

Ngati wodwala ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndiye kuti ku United States "zokha" zimasankha kuyesa kwa magazi pazomwe zili ndi magnesium m'magazi ofiira. M'mayiko olankhula Chirasha, kusanthula kumeneku sikunachitikebe. Osasokoneza ndi kusanthula kwa magnesium m'magazi amwazizomwe sizodalirika! Nthawi zonse zimakhala zabwinobwino, ngakhale munthu atakhala ndi vuto la magnesium. Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi matenda oopsa, koma impso zimagwirabe ntchito mochulukirapo, ingoyesani kutenga Magnesium-B6 mu milingo yayikulu, monga tafotokozera apa. Ndipo werengetsani pambuyo pa masabata atatu ngati thanzi lanu layamba.

Magnesium-B6 ndi piritsi yodabwitsa yomwe imathandiza kutenga anthu 80-90%. Izi ndi:

• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• thandizirani ndi mavuto aliwonse a mtima - arrhythmia, tachycardia, etc.,
• onjezerani zamtundu wa insulin,
• Tonthetsani, muchepetsani kukwiya, limbikitsani kugona,
• sinthani matumbo ntchito,
• kuyambitsa premenstrual syndrome mwa akazi.

Zindikirani Osamwa mapiritsi aliwonse, kuphatikiza ndi magnesium-B6, popanda kufunsa dokotala ngati mwayamba kudwala matenda a impso a diabetes (nephropathy). Makamaka ngati kuchuluka kwa kusefera kwa glomerular kuli pansipa 30 ml / mphindi / 1.73 m2 kapena mukuchita dialysis.

Kuopsa kwa vuto la mtima ndi sitiroko: momwe mungachepetse

Zinthu zambiri zimazungulira m'magazi a munthu, zomwe zimawonetsa kuchepa kwake, kwapakatikati kapena kuthana ndi chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi stroke. Tsopano ukadaulo umalola kugwiritsa ntchito kuyezetsa magazi kudziwa mosavuta kuchuluka kwa zinthuzi, ndipo ndizothandiza kwa madokotala ndi odwala. Pali njira zochizira zomwe zingachepetse chiopsezo chamtima, komanso mtsogolo mu nkhaniyi muphunzira za iwo.

Ndikofunika kulabadira kupewa kupewa matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko, komanso chithandizo cha matenda ashuga. Kupatula apo, pali chiyani chokhudza kusintha shuga m'magazi okha kuti mutangokumana ndi vuto la mtima? Tsatirani malingaliro osavuta, tsatirani boma - ndipo mutha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka kukalamba kwambiri popanda zovuta za matenda ashuga, ndi mtima wathanzi komanso chitetezo chogonana, mpaka kuchitira nsanje anzanu.

Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti chakudya chamafuta ochepa sichimapangitsa shuga m'magazi ndipo nthawi yomweyo chimachepetsa chiopsezo cha mtima. Izi zikutsimikizira kusiyana pazotsatira za kusanthula "m'mbuyomu" ndi "pambuyo" pakusintha mtundu watsopano wa zakudya. Maphunziro akuthupi amakhalanso ndi mphamvu zodabwitsa ziwiri zochiritsa. Komabe, kupewa mosamala vuto la mtima ndi sitiroko kumafunikanso njira zina, zomwe muphunzirapo pansipa. Ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi moyo wautali, simuyenera kunyalanyaza zinthu izi.

Werengani nkhani zatsatanetsatane

Mavuto a chithokomiro: Kuzindikira ndi Chithandizo

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamagulu ochepa kuti muchepetse matenda amtundu wa 2, ndiye kuti nthawi zambiri zotsatira za kuyezetsa magazi zimayambitsa matenda amtima. Komabe, nthawi zina kusanthula kumawonetsa kuti chiwopsezo cha mtima sichidachepetsedwa, kapena kuwonjezeka. Zikatero, muyenera kuchita mayeso a mahomoni a chithokomiro. Ndipo nthawi zonse (!) Zidzakhala kuti mulingo wambiri m'magazi a wodwalayo ndiwoperewera.

Chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga ndi kusagwira bwino ntchito m'thupi lanu. Chifukwa cha zolephera izi, chitetezo cha mthupi chimagwira ndikuwononga maselo a pancreatic beta omwe amapanga insulin. Tsoka ilo, chithokomiro cha chithokomiro chimakonda kugwidwa chifukwa cha "kampani", chifukwa chake ntchito yake imachepa.

Hypothyroidism ndikutalika, kosalekeza kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika mwa odwala matenda ashuga komanso abale awo apamtima. Hypothyroidism imatha kuyamba zaka zambiri shuga asanayambe, kapena mosinthanitsa pambuyo pake. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti zovuta zokhala ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro zimakulitsa mwayi wamatenda a mtima ndi sitiroko, ndipo izi zikuwonetsa zotsatira za kuyesedwa kwa magazi pazinthu zowopsa zamtima.

Kutsiliza: ngati, motsutsana ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka chakudya chamagulu omwera, zotsatira za kuyesedwa kwa magazi pazinthu zowopsa zamtima zimawonongeka, ndiye kuti chithokomiro cha chithokomiro chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndikuchiritsidwa. Poterepa, pitilizani kutsatira zakudya zamagulu ochepa. Kulipiritsa kwa hypothyroidism, endocrinologist idzapatsa mapiritsi okhala ndi mahomoni osakwanira m'thupi. Amatengedwa katatu patsiku, malinga ndi lingaliro la adokotala.

Cholinga cha mankhwalawa ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mahomoni okhala ndi triiodothyronine (T3 yaulere) ndi thyroxine (T4 yaulere) mpaka mulingo wamba. Monga lamulo, cholinga ichi chimakwaniritsidwa kwambiri. Zotsatira zake, odwala amamva bwino komanso kuti chiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi stroke chikuchepa. Kumbukirani kuti kuyesa magazi kwa chithokomiro cholimbikitsa chithokomiro (chithokomiro), sikokwanira. Ma mahomoni ena a chithokomiro amafunika kuwunika - free T3 and T4 free.

Chuma chambiri m'thupi

Iron ndi chinthu chofunikira kwa anthu. Koma kuchulukitsa kwake kukhoza kukhala koopsa. Ngati thupi ladziunjikira zitsulo zazikuluzikulu, izi zimachepetsa chidwi cha minyewa kupita ku insulin (zimawonjezera kukana insulini), ndizoyambitsa matenda a mtima, komanso khansa ya chiwindi. Vutoli ndilofala kwambiri mwa abambo kuposa amayi asanasiye. Chifukwa amayi amataya chitsulo nthawi ya kusamba.

Chitani kafukufuku wa magazi a serum albin ndi ferritin, omwe takambirana pamwambapa. Ngati zotsatira zake zili zapamwamba, ndiye kuti khalani wopereka magazi kuti muchotse chitsulo chochuluka mthupi ndipo potero muchepetse chiopsezo chodwala mtima. Yesani kumwa mapiritsi a multivitamin omwe alibe zitsulo. Mwachitsanzo, awa ndi mavitamini ambiri.

Koma vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi pazitsulo, lingayambitse kususuka kosasamala. Muzochitika zoterezi ndi matenda ashuga, ndizosatheka kuwongolera bwino magazi. Ngati ndi kotheka, kukonzekera kwachitsulo komwe kumapangidwa mosavuta kumapangira kuchepa kwa chinthuchi mthupi. Vuto la kuchepa kwachitsulo ndilosavuta kuthana nalo kuposa vuto lakuchuluka kwake.

Mayeso a shuga

Chifukwa cha kuyesedwa kwakanthawi kwamayeso, ndizotheka kuti musangoyimitsa kukula kwa shuga, komanso kupewa zovuta komanso kusintha njira zawo zomwe zikupita patsogolo. Mayeso otsatirawa omwe muyenera kudutsa, kuti mupewe kupititsa patsogolo matendawa.

Kuthamanga shuga

Kusanthula uku kumachitika mutangodzuka kumene ndipo tanthauzo la "kusala" limatanthawuza kuti mutatha kudya, omaliza maola 8 kapena 10 apita.

Kutsimikiza kwa shuga 2 pambuyo chakudya

Monga lamulo, kusanthula uku ndikofunikira kuti athe kuthana ndi kukhudzidwa kwa chakudya, kuphwanya kwake koyenera.

Zowunikira ziwiri izi tsiku ndi tsiku ndizovomerezeka, koma kuphatikiza pa izo, pali maphunziro ena omwe amachitidwa mu labotale.

Glycated (glycosylated,Hba1c) hemoglobin

Ngati simukulandira insulin, kuwunika kumeneku kumachitika kawiri pachaka. Iwo omwe amathandizidwa ndi matenda a shuga ndi jakisoni wa insulin amayenera kuyesedwa kanayi pachaka. Malinga ndi akatswiri, mtundu uwu wowunika ndiwosavuta kwambiri komanso wosavuta pakuwunika koyambirira matendawa.

Kwa zaka zambiri ndakhala ndikuphunzira za zovuta za DIABETES. Zimakhala zowopsa anthu ambiri akamwalira, ndipo makamaka amakhala olumala chifukwa cha matenda ashuga.

Ndithamangira kunena mbiri yabwino - Endocrinological Research Center ya Russian Academy of Medical Sayansi yakwanitsa kupanga mankhwala omwe amachiritsa odwala matenda ashuga mellitus. Pakadali pano, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa mankhwalawa kuyandikira 100%.

Nkhani ina yabwino: Unduna wa Zaumoyo wateteza kukhazikitsidwa kwa pulogalamu yapadera yomwe imalipilira mtengo wonse wa mankhwalawo. Ku Russia ndi mayiko a CIS odwala matenda ashuga kale Julayi 6 alandire mankhwala - ZAULERE!

Mwa kusanthula, zitsanzo zamagazi nthawi zonse zimachokera mu mitsempha, ndipo muyenera kulowa muzotsatira zanu.

Fructosamine

Kuyesedwa kwamtunduwu kumachitika makamaka pakadutsa milungu iwiri iliyonse. Ziyenera kuchitika pofuna kuwongolera kuthandizira kwa mankhwalawa, kukulitsa zovuta. Magazi owopsa amatengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Ndili ndi zaka 47, ndinapezeka kuti ndili ndi matenda ashuga a 2. M'masabata angapo ndinapeza pafupifupi 15 kg. Kutopa nthawi zonse, kugona, kumva kufooka, kuwona kunayamba kukhala pansi.

Nditakwanitsa zaka 55, ndinali nditadzibaya kale ndi insulin, zonse zinali zoipa kwambiri. Matendawa adapitilirabe, kukomoka kwakanthawi kunayamba, ambulansi imandibwezera kuchokera kudziko lina. Nthawi zonse ndimaganiza kuti nthawi ino ikhala yomaliza.

Chilichonse chinasintha mwana wanga wamkazi atandilola kuti ndiwerenge nkhani imodzi pa intaneti. Simungayerekeze m'mene ndimamuyamikirira. Nkhaniyi inandithandiza kuthana ndi matenda ashuga, omwe amati ndi osachiritsika. Zaka 2 zapitazi ndidayamba kusuntha zowonjezereka, nthawi yamasika ndi chilimwe ndimapita kumayiko tsiku lililonse, ndikumalima tomato ndikugulitsa pamsika. Azakhali anga amadabwa ndimomwe ndimapangira chilichonse, komwe ndimapeza mphamvu zambiri, sakhulupirira kuti ndili ndi zaka 66.

Ndani akufuna kukhala ndi moyo wautali, wamphamvu komanso kuiwalako za matenda oyipawa kwamuyaya, tengani mphindi 5 ndikuwerenga nkhaniyi.

• mpaka zaka 14 ndi 195.0 - 271.0 μmol / l,
• kuyambira azaka 14 ndi 205.0 - 285.0 μmol / l.

Ndi zokhutiritsa, zopezera zabwinobwino kwa kagayidwe kazakudya kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, mlingo uwu ukhoza kuchoka pa 286 mpaka 320 μmol / L, ndipo ndi kuwonongeka kumatha kupitilira 370 μmol / L.

Monga lamulo, kuchuluka kwa fructosamine kumatanthauza kuti zovuta monga kulephera kwa impso, hypothyroidism, ndi IgA zimatha kukhazikika.

Kutsika kotsika kumawonetsa hyperthyroidism, nephropathy ya diabetes, ndi hypoalbuminemia.

Kuwerengera magazi kwathunthu

Kuchita kusanthula uku kumathandizira kuzindikira kuchuluka kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana zamagazi, kumawonetsa kusapezeka kapena kupezeka kwa zinthu zina, zomwe zikuwonetsa mwachindunji zomwe zimachitika ndikukula mthupi lanu. Kuyamwa kwa magazi posanthula kumachitika pambuyo pa ola limodzi osawerengetsa chakudya chotsekemera, mwa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo - pamimba yopanda kanthu ndipo atangodya.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kumapangidwa kuti kukhazikitse matenda ndikuwunikira nthawi zonse za matendawa.

Makhalidwe oyeserera magazi:

1. Hemoglobin. Zizindikiro zowonjezereka za chinthuchi zitha kukhala zizindikiritso zoyambirira za kutuluka kwamkati, kuchepa kwa magazi, komanso kuphwanya kwachilengedwe kwa hematopoiesis. Milingo yokwezeka ya hemoglobin mwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo angatchule zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, thupi limasowa kwambiri madzi.
2. Mapulatifomu. Kuzindikiritsa mlingo wochepetsedwa wa matupi ofiira kumawonetsa kuti pali zovuta ndi magazi mthupi - kuthekera kwake kogundana. Monga lamulo, zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta izi zimatha kukhala matenda opatsirana. Nthawi zina kuwerengedwa kwa mapulateleti kumatha kukwezedwa, chomwe ndi chizindikiro chachindunji cha kukula kwa chifuwa chachikulu kapena matenda otupa, matenda ena.
3. Maselo oyera. Kupitilira muyeso wa zomwe leukocytes amatha kuonetsa kuti njira yotupa ikuwonekera m'thupi kapena khansa ikayamba. Mlingo wochepetsedwa umasonyezanso mavuto azaumoyo - matenda a radiation, wodwala akakumana ndi radiation, kapena matenda ena akulu.
4. Hematocrit. Nthawi zambiri, anthu ambiri amasokoneza chizindikiro ichi ndi kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi, koma akatswiri amafotokoza kuti manambala ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi am'magazi komanso matupi ofiira m'magazi. Kuwonjezeka kwa hematocrit kumawonetsa erythrocytosis ndi mavuto ena azaumoyo. Kutsika kwa msambo ndi chizindikiro cha kuchepa magazi, kuchepa thupi. Pazaka zam'mbuyo, kuchepa kwa hematocrit kumawonedwanso.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kokhazikika kumakhazikitsidwa pafupipafupi, ngati pali vuto la kutenga matendawa, ndiye kuti ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchititsa chaka chilichonse.

Mapazi amwazi

Kusanthula kumeneku sikulimbikitsidwa kokha kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga - angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuzindikira matenda ovuta kwambiri. Kuyamwa kwa magazi kumachitika maola 8-10 mutatha chakudya chomaliza ndipo pamakhala mitundu yambiri ya maphunziro pamlingo wina:

• mapuloteni onse
• shuga
• creatinine
• urea
• bilirubin yathunthu,
• cholesterol
• ma amylase
• lipases
• AST
• ALT
• khalimon phosphokinose,
• zamchere phosphatase.

Urinalysis

Monga lamulo, kusanthula kumaperekedwa kamodzi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi ndipo kumathandizira kuzindikira zopatuka zosiyanasiyana (zotheka) kapena zovuta mu mkhalidwe waumoyo wa wodwala wodwala matenda a shuga kuchokera pakugwira ntchito kwa impso.

1. Katundu weniweni wamikodzo, mtundu wake, matope, kuwala komanso acidity,
2. Zizindikiro zamankhwala
3. Mphamvu yachilengedwe imawonetsa kugwira ntchito kwa impso ndi kuthekera kwawo kuzungulira mkodzo.
4. Mkhalidwe wama protein, acetone, shuga.

Monga gawo la general urinalysis, kafukufuku amachitikanso pamlingo wa microalbuminaria.

Microalbumin mkodzo

Kusanthula kwakonzedwa kuti kuzindikire magawo oyambirira a kuwonongeka kwa impso komanso kuwonongeka kwa matenda a shuga.

Kutolere zinthu kuti zionjezedwe motere: mkodzo woyamba sunatengedwe m'mawa, ndipo zigawo zonse zotsatirazi zimasonkhanitsidwa mumtsuko wapadera masana ndikuzipereka ku labotale.

Mwa munthu wathanzi, Albin samatulutsidwa ndi impso kuchokera mthupi ndipo imatha kupezeka mumkodzo mwa mawonekedwe a kuchuluka. Kusintha koyipa kwa ntchito ya impso kukuyamba kuchitika m'matenda a shuga, kuchuluka kwa albumin mu mkodzo kumawonjezeka.

Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa albumin kuchokera pa 3 mpaka 300 mg / tsiku, ndizotheka kunena za kuchuluka kwa matenda a shuga, njira zofunikira zachitukuko cha matenda ashuga nephropathy komanso matenda a mtima.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa cholesterol

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa cholesterol kumaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wazotsatira za lipid metabolism. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• cholesterol yathunthu
• Cholesterol "Chabwino" - lipoproteins yapamwamba kwambiri,
• Cholesterol "Choipa" - lipoproteins otsika,
• triglycerides.

Osangokhala ndi mayeso a magazi a cholesterol yokwanira, koma onetsetsani kuti zomwe zikuwonetsa za cholesterol "zabwino" ndi "zoyipa" komanso triglycerides. Mayeserowa atha kutumizidwanso patatha milungu 6 mutasinthira ku chakudya chamafuta ochepa. Ngati palibe zovuta ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, ndiye kuti zotsatira zatsopano ziyenera kukhala zabwino kwambiri kuposa zomwe zidapita. Dziwani za triglycerides omwe ali ndi Mapuloteni, Mafuta, ndi Zakudya Zamtundu kwa Zakudya Zabwino Zaumoyo.

Zabwino ndi zoyipa cholesterol

Mukawerenga nkhani yathu, mudzadziwa kuti cholesterol imagawidwa kukhala "zabwino" komanso "zoyipa". Cholesterol chabwino - lipoprotein yapamwamba - imateteza mitsempha yamagazi. M'malo mwake, cholesterol yoyipa imawerengedwa kuti ndiyomwe imayambitsa matenda a atherosulinosis komanso matenda amtima wotsatira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuyezetsa magazi kwathunthu chifukwa cha cholesterol, osagawa kuti ikhale "yabwino" komanso "yoyipa", sikutilola kuti tiwone kuyipa kwa mtima.

Muyenera kudziwa kuti cholesterol yambiri yomwe imazungulira m'magazi imapangidwa m'chiwindi, ndipo simachokera ku chakudya mwachindunji. Ngati mumadya zakudya zokhala ndi cholesterol, yomwe m'mbuyomu imakhala yowopsa (nyama yamafuta, mazira, batala) ndiye kuti chiwindi chimangotulutsa cholesterol "yoipa" yochepa. Ndipo mosiyana ndi izi, ngati mumadya zakudya zopanda mafuta m'thupi, chiwindi chimapanga zambiri, chifukwa cholesterol ndiyofunikira m'moyo, imagwira ntchito zofunika mthupi.

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol "yoipa" - lipoproteins yocheperachepera - kumatanthauza chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a mtima, matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko. Vutoli limakonda kupezeka mwa anthu onenepa kwambiri kapena matenda ashuga.Ngati mumatsatira zakudya zamafuta ochepa, ndiye kuti cholesterol "yoyipa" m'magazi nthawi zambiri imachepa pambuyo pa masabata 6.

Cholesterol chabwino - lipoproteins yapamwamba - imateteza mitsempha yamagazi mkati kuti isawonongedwe ndi atherosulinosis. Chifukwa cha izi, magazi abwinobwino kumtima ndi ubongo amasungidwa. Chakudya chokhala ndi cholesterol yambiri chimachulukitsa cholesterol “yabwino” m'magazi. Yesani kudya chamafuta ochepa, kupimidwa magazi “kale” komanso “pambuyo” - kuti mudzionere nokha. Ndipo zomwe amafalitsa akudya zamafuta ochepa omwe amawoneka kuti ndi abwino kwa mtima ndi mitsempha ya magazi ndiwongopeka. Mu matenda ashuga, "kudya mokwanira" ndizowopsa chifukwa zimayambitsa matenda a shuga m'magazi komanso kukula msanga pamavuto.

Anthu ena sakhala ndi mwayi - amakhala ndi chibadwa chokhala ndi cholesterol choyipa m'magazi awo. Pankhaniyi, kudya zakudya zamagulu ochepa osamwa mankhwala apadera sizithandiza. Koma alipo odwala ochepa kwambiri, samapezeka mu zamankhwala. Monga lamulo, simuyenera kumwa mapiritsi kuti muchepetse cholesterol. Ngati mukumwa mankhwala kuchokera ku gulu la ma statins kuti muchepetse cholesterol yanu, ndiye mutasintha zakudya zamafuta ochepa, mutha kukana mapiritsiwo osatinso zotsatila zake.

Kukwanira kwa atherogenic

Kuti awone kuyipa kwa mtima, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol "choyipa" ndi "chabwino" m'magazi a wodwala kumawerengeredwa. Izi zimatchedwa coherofferate atherogenic (CA). Amawerengeredwa ndi njira:

HDL ndi lipoprotein wapamwamba kwambiri, ndiko kuti, cholesterol "yabwino". Mlangizo wa atherogenic uyenera kukhala wochepera 3.

• Mutha kukhala ndi cholesterol yayikulu kwambiri komanso nthawi yomweyo pamakhala chiopsezo cha mtima. Izi zimachitika pang'onopang'ono chakudya chamafuta, pamene cholesterol "yabwino" imakhala yotalikirapo komanso "yoyipa" imakhala yokhazikika, ndipo kuchepa kwa atherogenic kumakhala m'munsi mwa 2,5.
• Cholesterol yotsika kwathunthu sizitanthauza kuti palibe chiopsezo cha mtima. Chifukwa cha cholesterol yotsika "yabwino", mphamvu ya atherogenic imakwezedwa.
• Kumbukiraninso kuti theka la vuto la mtima limapezeka mwa anthu omwe matendawo amakhala athanzi. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuyang'ana pazinthu zina za chiwopsezo cha mtima. Werengani zambiri pansipa.

M'mbuyomu, panali cholesterol "yabwino" komanso "yoyipa" yokhayo. Chakumapeto kwa zaka zam'ma 1990, chithunzi chosavuta cha dziko lapansi chinakhala chovuta kwambiri. Chifukwa cha cholesterol "yoyipa", asayansi azindikira "yowopsa" kwambiri. Tsopano mutha kuyesa kuyesanso kwa lipoprotein (a). Ndikofunika kudziwa ngati wodwala ayenera kumwa mapiritsi kuti achepetse cholesterol yotchedwa statins.

Ngati cholesterol "yoyipa" ndiyambiri, koma lipoprotein (a) ndiyabwinobwino, ndiye kuti mapiritsiwa sangathe kufotokozedwa. Mankhwala ochokera ku gulu la ma statins sotsika mtengo kwambiri komanso amakhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa. Ngati mungathe popanda iwo, ndi bwino osavomereza. Phunzirani njira zachilengedwe kuti muchepetse kuchepa kwa ma atherosulinosis, nthawi zambiri popanda ma statins. Lipoprotein (a) afotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhaniyi.

Cholesterol ndi Mtima Wangozi: Zotsatira

Anthu ambiri kuti athetse matenda a cholesterol ndi chakudya chochepa chamafuta, osakhala ndi mapiritsi a gulu la ma statins. Kumbukirani chinthu chachikulu: mafuta azakudya sawonjezera kuchuluka kwa "zoyipa", koma "zabwino" mafuta m'thupi. Omasuka kudya mazira, nyama yamafuta, batala ndi zina zabwino. Yesani magazi anu ndi glucometer kangapo tsiku lililonse. Tengani mayeso anu a cholesterol tsopano, ndipo kenako pambuyo pa miyezi 1.5. Ndipo onetsetsani kuti ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zimakuthandizani.

Kuphatikiza pa cholesterol "yabwino" ndi "yoyipa", palinso zinthu zina zomwe zingabweretse ngozi pamtima:

• C-yogwira mapuloteni
• Fibrinogen
• Lipoprotein (a),
• Homocysteine.

Zatsimikiziridwa kuti amatha kuneneratu za chiwopsezo cha kugunda kwa mtima kapena stroko molondola kwambiri kuposa kuyesa kwa magazi kwa cholesterol. Hafu ya matenda amtima imachitika kwa anthu omwe ali ndi cholesterol yamagazi yabwinobwino. Wodwala matenda ashuga atha kuwongolera shuga la magazi ake ndi zakudya zamagulu ochepa, zotsatila za kuyezetsa magazi konse kwa zinthu zoopsa za mtima zimakhazikika. Komabe, kupewa mosamala ngozi yapamtima kungafune njira zina. Werengani zambiri pansipa.

Kuchulukitsa kwa mapuloteni a C-reactive komanso / kapena fibrinogen m'magazi kumawonjezeka pamene njira yotupa imachitika, ndipo thupi limalimbana nawo. Kutupa kovutirapo ndi vuto lathanzi komanso lalikulu. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kudziwa zomwe ndizofunika kuposa anthu ena onse. Kutupa kosatha kwakanthawi ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha mtima. Mtundu wa 1 kapena matenda amtundu wa 2, amathandiziranso chidwi cha minyewa kuti chikhale ndi insulin. Chifukwa chake, kulamula shuga m'magazi kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Onani nkhani yathu yokhudza kuthana ndi matenda amtima komanso kupewa matenda a sitiroko. Tsatirani mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zalimbikitsidwa pamenepo.

C-yogwira mapuloteni

Mapuloteni a C-reactive ndi amodzi mwa mapuloteni am'magazi a "gawo lambiri". Kuphatikizika kwawo m'mwazi kumatuluka ndi kutupa. Mapuloteni a C-reactive amatenga gawo lodzitchinjiriza pomanga polysaccharide Streptococcus pneumoniae. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwunika kwamankhwala ngati chimodzi mwazizindikiro za kutupa. Ngati palibe matenda oonekeratu, ndiye kuti nthawi zambiri chomwe chimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni othandizira m'magazi ndi ma caries. Kachiwiri ndikutupa kwa impso, kenako rheumatism. Chiritsani mano anu kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima!

Homocysteine

Homocysteine ​​ndi amino acid omwe saperekedwa ndi chakudya, koma amapangidwa kuchokera ku methionine. Zakuchuluka mthupi, homocysteine ​​imayamba kuukira khoma lamkati la mitsempha. Kupuma kwake kumapangidwa, komwe thupi limayesetsa kuchiritsa, guluu. Cholesterol ndi calcium zimayikidwa pamalo owonongeka, ndikupanga chikhodzodzo cha atherosselotic, chifukwa chomwe kuwunikira kwa chotengera kumachepa, ndipo nthawi zina mpaka kumatsekeka. Zotsatira zake ndi stroke, myocardial infarction, pulmonary thromboembolism.

Amakhulupirira kuti kusuta kumachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa ma homocysteine ​​m'mwazi. Komanso, kumwa makapu angapo a khofi patsiku ndi imodzi mwamphamvu zomwe zimathandizira kuwonjezeka kwa milingo ya Homocysteine. Anthu omwe ali ndi kuchuluka kwambiri kwa homocysteine ​​m'magazi ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda a Alzheimer ndi matenda a senile. Ndi kuphatikiza kowonjezereka kwa homocysteine ​​ndi matenda ashuga, zovuta zamafupa zimachitika kawirikawiri - zotumphukira zamatenda, nephropathy, retinopathy, ndi zina zambiri.

Mlingo wa homocysteine ​​m'magazi umakwera chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa folic acid, komanso mavitamini B6, B12 ndi B1. Dr. Bernstein amakhulupirira kuti kutenga vitamini B12 ndi folic acid m'mwazi kuti achepetse homocysteine ​​kulibe ntchito ndipo ngakhale kumawonjezera kufa. Komabe, akatswiri ambiri amtima wa ku America ndiomwe amachirikiza izi. Wantchito wanu wofatsa, nanenso, ndimatenga mavitamini B ambiri pamitundu yayikulu (50 mg ya mavitamini B6 onse, B12, B1 ndi ena), mapiritsi 1-2 tsiku lililonse.

Fibrinogen ndi Lipoprotein (a)

Lipoprotein (a) - "woipa kwambiri" cholesterol. Imakhala pachiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi matenda ena a mtima. Udindo wakuthupi sunakhazikitsidwebe.

Ngati m'magazi mulinso kuchuluka kwa chinthu chimodzi kapena zingapo zomwe zalembedwa pamwambapa, ndiye kuti izi zikutanthauza kuti njira yotupa ikupitirirabe. Thupi mwina limalimbana ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda. Chifukwa chiyani izi zili zoyipa? Chifukwa munthawi imeneyi, zombo zimaphimbidwa mwachangu kuchokera mkati ndi zolembedwa zamtundu wa atherosrance. Choopsa chake chachikulu ndicho chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha magazi ndi kutsekeka kwamitsempha yamagazi. Zotsatira zake, kugunda kwa mtima kapena stroko kumatha kuchitika. Mu anthu odwala matenda ashuga, kutupa kwaposachedwa kumakulitsa kukana kwa insulin ndikukulitsa kufunikira kwa insulin. Werengani "Kutupa ndi chifukwa chobisira cha insulin."

Kuyesedwa koyipa kwa fibrinogen kapena lipoprotein (a) kwa odwala matenda ashuga kumatanthauzanso chiwopsezo chokhala ndi kulephera kwa impso kapena mavuto ammaso. Kunenepa kwambiri, ngakhale ndi shuga wabwinobwino wamagazi, kumayambitsa kutupa kwaposachedwa ndipo motero kumakulitsa kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni othandizira C. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa protein ya C-reactive, fibrinogen ndi lipoprotein (a) ndizowonetsa bwino kwambiri za ngozi ya kugunda kwa mtima kapena sitiroko kuposa cholesterol. Mwazi wamagazi ukamakhazikika chifukwa cha chakudya chochepa chamafuta, zotsatira za kuyesedwa kwa magazi pazinthu zonsezi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amtima zimakhazikika.

Miyezo ya fibrinogen yamagazi imatha kukwezedwa chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa impso ya matenda ashuga (nephropathy). Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti kumayambiriro, matenda ashuga a shuga sangathe kukhala olepheretsa, komanso obwezeretsedwa. Pali umboni wosonyeza kuti ntchito ya impso ikuchira pang'onopang'ono ngati muchepetsera shuga m'magazi anu ndikulibwinobwino nthawi zonse. Zotsatira zake, zomwe zili mu fibrinogen m'magazi zimatsikiranso.

Wodwala matenda ashuga akatsitsa magazi ake mwanjira yokhala ndi chakudya chochepa chamafuta, zotsatira za kuyesedwa kwake kwa lipoprotein (a) nthawi zambiri zimamuyendera bwino. Komabe, sizingakhale zabwinobwino ngati mukupangika chifukwa cha chibadwa cha cholesterol chamagazi. Mwa akazi, kuchuluka kwa estrogen komwe kumacheperako kumatha kuyipiranso mbiri ya cholesterol.

Kuperewera kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro ndimtundu wodziwika wa cholesterol yoyipa "yoipa," homocysteine, ndi lipoprotein (a) m'magazi. Izi zimachitika makamaka kwa odwala matenda ashuga, omwe chitetezo cha mthupi chimatsutsana ndi chithokomiro. Zoyenera kuchita pankhaniyi zikufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhaniyi.

Kuyesa kwa matenda a shuga

Mu shuga, impso zimawonongeka chifukwa chakuti shuga wambiri amatha zaka. Ngati matenda ashuga nephropathy (kuwonongeka kwa impso) apezeka koyambirira, ndiye kuti mutha kuyesa kuti muchepetse. Mukakwaniritsa kuti shuga wamwazi wakhazikika, ndiye kuti impso zake sizikuwonongeka pakapita nthawi, ndipo zingathe kuchira.

Dziwani za magawo a kuwonongeka kwa impso mu nkhani ya "Impso Zowonongeka mu shuga". Poyambirira kwa matenda ashuga a nephropathy, muyenera kuyesa kudya zakudya zamafuta ochepa kuti muchepetse shuga mwamavuto, kukhala osakhazikika, komanso poteteza impso zanu. Pambuyo pake kuwonongeka kwa impso (kuyambira 3-A), zakudya zamagulu ochepa zimaletsedwa, ndipo zochepa zitha kuchitidwa.

Imfa chifukwa cha kulephera kwa impso ndiyo njira yopweteka kwambiri kwa matenda ashuga. Kulandila mankhwala a dialysis kulinso kosangalatsa. Chifukwa chake, tengani mayeso pafupipafupi kuti muwone impso zanu ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga. Ngati chithandizo chikuyambira pa nthawi yake, ndiye kuti kuletsa kulephera kwa impso ndi zenizeni. Werengani tsatanetsatane pansi pa ulalo "Kuyesa ndikuyesa impso za matenda ashuga."

Zochita zina zitha kupotoza zotsatira za mayeso omwe amayesa ntchito ya impso. Pakupita maola 48 mayeso asanakayesedwe, zolimbitsa thupi, zomwe zimapanga katundu wambiri m'munsi thupi, ziyenera kupewedwa. Izi zikuphatikiza njinga, njinga zamoto, kukwera mahatchi. Sikoyenera kuyesedwa tsiku lomwe mukadwala malungo, kusamba, matenda amkodzo kapena kupweteka chifukwa cha miyala ya impso. Ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kutumiza mayeso mpaka vutoli litadutsa.

Kukula kwa Insulin-IGF -or (IGF-1)

Matenda a shuga a retinopathy ndi ovuta kwambiri komanso pafupipafupi a matenda ashuga m'maso. Kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi abwinobwino m'magazi a shuga ndikodabwitsa nthawi zonse. Koma nthawi zina kuchepa kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi kungayambitse kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga. Kuchulukitsa kotero kumawonetsedwa ndi kutupa kambiri mu retina ndipo kungayambitse khungu. Nthawi zambiri amatsogozedwa ndikuwonjezereka kwa kuchuluka kwa insulin ngati kukula kwa chinthu (IGF-1) mu seramu.

Kuwunikira kwa chinthu chofanana ndi kukula kwa insulin kuyenera kuperekedwa kwa odwala omwe apezeka ndi matenda a shuga. Kusanthula uku kuyenera kuchitidwa pafupipafupi, miyezi iwiri iliyonse. Ngati mulingo wa IGF-1 ukukwera kuchokera nthawi yotsiriza, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi kuti mupewe chiwopsezo chakuwonongeka.

Kodi mayeso ofunika kwambiri a shuga ndi ati?

Mayeso aliwonse omwe atchulidwa munkhaniyi ndiofunika chifukwa amakupatsirani mwayi kuti mumvetse bwino za wodwala wina yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Komabe, palibe chilichonse mwa mayeserowa chomwe chimagwirizana mwachindunji ndi shuga wamagazi. Chifukwa chake, ngati zifukwa zachuma kapena zina sizilola kusanthula kuti mupange, mutha kupulumuka popanda iwo. Chachikulu ndikugula glucometer yolondola ndikuwonetsetsa shuga yanu yamagazi nayo. Sungani pa chilichonse, koma osati pamizere yoyesera ya mita!

Tsatirani pulogalamu ya matenda a shuga a 2 kapena mtundu wa matenda ashuga 1. Ngati mungachepetse magazi anu kukhala abwinobwino ndikukhala otsika, ndiye kuti mavuto ena onse a shuga amathetsa pang'onopang'ono. Koma ngati simumayamwa shuga wamagazi, ndiye kuti palibe mayeso omwe angapulumutse wodwala matenda ashuga m'miyendo, impso, mawonekedwe a maso, ndi zina. Kuti muchiritse odwala matenda ashuga, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama mwezi uliwonse pamankhwala oyesa a glucometer, komanso kugula zinthu Zakudya zamagalimoto ochepa. Zonsezi zizikhala zinthu zanu zofunika kwambiri. Ndipo mtengo wotenga mayeso ndi momwe zimachitikira.

Ngati ndi kotheka, ndiye kuti muyenera kaye kuyezetsa magazi a hemoglobin wa glycated. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto lodziyang'anira pawokha magazi, omwe amawerengetsa okha. Mwachitsanzo, mita sangakhale yolondola - onetsani zotsatira zopanda pake. Momwe mungayang'anire mita yanu kuti ikhale yolondola. Kapenanso wodwalayo, akudziwa kuti posachedwa azicheza ndi adotolo, masiku angapo izi zisanayambe kudya mwachizolowezi, kupatula zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kuzakudya zambiri. Makamaka, achinyamata omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga "amachimwa". Muzochitika zotere, kupenda kokha kwa glycated hemoglobin ndiko kungakuthandizeni kudziwa chowonadi. Muyenera kumwa miyezi itatu iliyonse, ngakhale muli ndi shuga komanso kuti mumatha kuilamulira.

Kuyesa kodabwitsa kwotsatira kwa magazi ndi kwa protein-C yotakasika. Mtengo wowunikira uwu ndi wokwera mtengo kwambiri, ndipo nthawi yomweyo umawulula zovuta zambiri zobisika. Njira zotupa zotupa ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mtima, koma madokotala athu ochepa amadziwa izi. Ngati mapuloteni anu a C-reactive akwezedwa, tengani njira zothetsera kutupa ndikuziteteza ku ngozi zamtima. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito mosamala rheumatism, pyelonephritis, matenda oyamba ndi kupuma. Ngakhale chofala kwambiri ndizotsekera mano. Chiritsani mano anu ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima. Kuyesa kwa protein ya C-yogwira ndikofunikira kuposa mayeso a cholesterol!

Nthawi yomweyo, kuyesedwa kwa magazi pazifukwa zina zamatenda amtima ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri. Izi ndizowona makamaka pakuyesedwa kwa homocysteine ​​ndi lipoprotein (a). Choyamba muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama poyesera, kenako pazowonjezera kuti muchepetse izi kuti zikhale zachilendo. Ngati kulibe ndalama zowonjezera, ndiye kuti mungangoyamba kumwa mavitamini a B ndi mafuta a nsomba kuti mupewe.

Ndikupangiratu kuyezetsa magazi a cholesterol ndi zina zomwe zingayambitse matenda oyamba musanayambitse pulogalamu yothandizira odwala matenda ashuga yokhala ndi zakudya zamagulu ochepa komanso zinthu zina zomwe timalimbikitsa.Kenako onaninso ma lipids am'magazi anu (triglycerides, "zabwino" ndi "zoipa" cholesterol) pakatha miyezi 1.5. Pofika pano, shuga wanu wamagazi amayenera kukhala kale wabwinobwino, ndipo zotsatira za mayeso a labotore zimatsimikiziranso kuti muli pamsewu woyenera. Ngati mumatsatira mosamala zakudya, koma panthawiyi mawonekedwe a cholesterol sanasinthe, pitani kukayezetsa magazi kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro.

Ngati mulingo wocheperako wa mahomoni triiodothyronine (T3 yaulere) ndi thyroxine (T4 yaulere) wapezeka, ndiye kuti apangana ndi endocrinologist kuti mupange kukambirana. Mufunika upangiri wake wokhudza chithokomiro, koma osati momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito zakudya zabwino ” Endocrinologist adzalembera mapiritsi oti amwe, monga akunena. Pambuyo pakuwongolera kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro m'magazi, pambuyo pa miyezi 4, mukuyenera kupita kukayezetsanso magazi a cholesterol ndi zina zokhudzana ndi mtima. Izi zikuwulula momwe chithandizo cha chithokomiro chinawakhudzira. Kupitilira apo, mayeserowa amalimbikitsidwa kuti azitenga kamodzi pachaka. Koma ngati palibe ndalama zokwanira, ndiye kuti ndibwino kupulumutsa pamayeso a labotale kuposa pamiyeso ya glucometer.

Mayeso ndi kuyendera madokotala

Gulani tonometer ndikuyesa kuthamanga kwa magazi anu pafupipafupi (momwe mungachitire bwino), osachepera 1 pa sabata, nthawi yomweyo. Khalani ndi masikelo olondola kunyumba ndipo mumadzilemetsa pafupipafupi, koma osati kangapo pa sabata. Nthawi yomweyo, kumbukirani kuti kusinthasintha kwa kulemera mkati mwa makilogalamu awiri ndizabwinobwino, makamaka mwa azimayi. Yang'anani masomphenya anu ndi ophthalmologist (zomwe muyenera kupenda) - osachepera 1 pachaka.

Tsiku lililonse, muziyang'anitsitsa phazi lanu, werengani "Kusamalira matenda a shuga: malangizo atsatanetsatane." Poyamba chizindikiro cha zovuta - funsani dokotala amene "akutsogolereni". Kapena lowani pomwepo ndi podiatrist, uyu ndi katswiri pakuthandizira phazi la matenda ashuga. Ngati matenda a shuga asowa, nthawi yokhala ndi mavuto ammiyendo imatha kudula kapena kudwala matenda opha ziwalo.