Mbale yazakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga! Momwe mungawerenge XE?

• Ogasiti 13, 2018
• Endocrinology
• Natalia Nepomnyashchaya

Kuphwanya dongosolo la endocrine kumatha kuvulaza thupi lonse. Chimodzi mwazinthu zoyipa kwambiri zakulephera kotereku ndikukula kwa matenda ashuga. Ndi matendawa, ndikofunikira kusamala kwambiri pakumwa zakudya zamagulu am'thupi komanso zakudya zomwe zili ndi shuga ndi chakudya. Kusintha kwa shuga m'magazi kapena m'munsi kumatha kubweretsa mikhalidwe yoopsa mthupi - kukula kwa hypoglycemia kapena hyperglycemia. Chifukwa chake, wodwalayo sayenera kungoyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga - pali kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a insulin ndikutsatira zakudya zokhwima kwambiri. Pokonzekera chakudya china, lingaliro la magawo a mkate mu shuga ndilofunikira kwambiri. Koma kodi chizindikiro ichi ndi chiani? Kodi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti? Ndipo kufunikira kwake ndikotani?

Tanthauzo la lingaliro

Bread Units (XE) ndi muyeso wokhala ndi chakudya chamagulu anu azakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku. Chizindikirochi chimavomerezedwa padziko lonse lapansi ndipo nthawi zonse chimaganiziridwa mukamakonza menyu wazakudya zilizonse. Masiku ano, kugwiritsa ntchito ziwembu ndi matebulo a magawo a mkate sikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri osati kungopanga menyu wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa, komanso kwa anthu omwe amawunika kudya komanso kuchuluka kwawo.

Kodi ndizingati magalamu?

Kugwiritsa ntchito mulingo wapakatikati kumakupatsani mwayi wowerengera mafuta owonjezera. Lingaliro la magawo a mkate mu shuga limawoneka chifukwa cha ntchito ya akatswiri azakudya zaku Germany. Anapanga matebulo apadera omwe amawerengera mafuta opangidwa mwakapangidwe kazakudya ndi mtengo wake wowerengera womwe umawerengedwa m'njira yovomerezeka pamsonkhano - mkate womwe kulemera kwake ndi 25 g. Chifukwa chake, akukhulupirira kuti mgawo umodzi wa mkate mumakhala michere ya 10-12 g ya thupi la munthu. Poterepa, asayansi amawerengera kuti 1 XE imathandizira kuti shuga wamagazi awonjezeke ndi 2.8 mmol / lita. Kuti alipire kuchuluka kwa shuga yomwe yasintha, UNIT ya insulin ndiyofunikira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pamene wodwala amadya kwambiri mkate (wa matenda ashuga), ndiye kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe amafunikira kuti alipire shuga mthupi.

Mtengo wamafuta

Inde, zakudya zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito muzakudya zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana, zopindulitsa kapena zowonongeka, komanso zopatsa mphamvu zama calorie. Mu shuga mellitus, chisamaliro chapadera chimaperekedwa kwa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagetsi chomwe chimapezeka mkate umodzi. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la matendawa amayenera kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa kudya kwakatundu ndipo adziwe ndendende zomwe zimamwa pang'onopang'ono ndipo ndi ziti zomwe zimakulitsa shuga mthupi. Tisaiwale kuti mankhwalawo ali ndi mafuta osungunuka obwera chifukwa cha mafuta, omwe amangotsitsidwa, ndipo samakhudzana ndi shuga. Palinso mafuta osungunuka omwe amagwira ntchito zina mthupi.

Kuwerengera magawo a mkate mu shuga

Kukhala bwino kwa wodwalayo nthawi zambiri kumatengera kuwerengera kwake. Koma pofuna kudziimira pawokha kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta, ndikofunikira kuphunzira kapangidwe kazomwe zimapangidwa musanadye. Potere, nthawi zonse pamakhala kuthekera kwa zolakwika ndi zolakwika. Izi zimafunikira kugwiritsa ntchito magome apadera a mikate. Anthu odwala matenda amtundu I (matenda obadwa nawo a shuga), kudziwa kwawo ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi moyo wonse. Kukhazikika kwa matenda amtundu II nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kunenepa. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe akuvutika ndi mitundu ya matenda a shuga a 2, tebulo la XE likufunika kuwerengetsa zopangidwa ndi calorie pazogulitsa. Chofunika kwambiri ndikugawa kwakumwa kwawo masana. Komabe, mulimonsemo, kuyimitsidwa kwazinthu zina posankha XE sikungakhale kopepuka.

Zakudya Zamtanda Zakudya

Chiwerengero cha tsiku ndi tsiku cha zakudya zomwe zimalowa m'thupi sichidutsa 18-25 XE. Nthawi yomweyo, iyenera kugawidwa m'njira zingapo: nthawi imodzi simungathe kugwiritsa ntchito zoposa 7 XE. Zakudya zambiri zam'mimba zimayenera kumwa m'mawa. Kupanga mndandanda wa anthu odwala matenda ashuga, mikate yomwe iyenera kutsata zomwe zili zofunikira, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo ovomerezeka.

Kukhazikika

Mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, matebulo a XE ayenera kukhala pafupi. Amawonetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta omwe ali ndi zinthu zina zofanana ndi mkate umodzi. Ndiwo maziko opangira zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku. Komabe, ngati sizinachitike mwadzidzidzi, mutha kuwerengera pawokha.

Zolemba za zilizonse zimawonetsera mawonekedwe ake ndi zopatsa thanzi. Kuti musinthe ma carbohydrate kukhala magawo a mkate, muyenera kugawa manambala ndi 12. Tsopano mukuyenera kuyeza kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe wodwala angadye, osawopa thanzi lawo.

Mwachitsanzo, 100 g yama cookie wamba ali ndi 50 g yamafuta. Kuti tidziwe kuchuluka kwa ma XE omwe ali mumagawo omwewo, timawerengera motere:

Chifukwa chake, magawo anayi a mikate azipezeka kale m'magalamu 100 a ma cookie. Ndiye kuchuluka kokwanira kwa ma cookie komwe kumatha kudya popanda kusokoneza thanzi lanu ndi magalamu zana limodzi. Kuchulukaku kudzakhala ndi magawo 6 a mkate. Kuchuluka kwa insulini kumawerengeredwa mwachindunji kulemera ili kwamakuki.

Mfundo zachithandizo zochizira

• Zopatsa mphamvu za caloric za anthu odwala matenda ashuga pazakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku ziyenera kuthetsedwa ndi ndalama zowonjezera mphamvu.
• Zakudya za mapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya zamafuta zimayenera kukhala zofunikira panthawi iliyonse ya chakudya.
• Chakudya chamagulu pang'ono odwala - maziko a menyu. Munthu ayenera kudya osachepera 5 pa tsiku, kudya chakudya m'magawo ang'onoang'ono.

Kodi mkate ndi chiyani - tebulo XE?

Chigoba cha mkate ndi muyeso womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu muzakudya. Lingaliro loperekedwa lidayambitsidwa makamaka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe amalandira insulin kuti asunge ntchito zawo zofunika. Mukuyankhula za chiyani magawo a mkate, tcherani khutu kuti:

• Ichi ndi chida chomwe chitha kutengedwa ngati maziko opangira anthu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino,
• pali tebulo lapadera momwe izi zikuwonetsedwa pazogulitsa zosiyanasiyana zamagulu ndi magulu athunthu,
• Kuwerengera kwa magawo a mkate kungachitike ndipo kuyenera kuchitika pamanja musanadye.

Poganizira gawo limodzi la mkate, samalani kwambiri chifukwa ndi zofanana ndi 10 (kuphatikiza ulusi wazakudya) kapena magalamu 12. (kuphatikiza zigawo za ballast) chakudya. Nthawi yomweyo, pamafunika magawo a insulini 1.4 kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito mwachangu komanso popanda vuto. Ngakhale kuti magawo a mkate (patebulo) amapezeka pagulu, aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kudziwa momwe mawerengedwa amapangidwira, komanso kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu amtundu umodzi wa mkate.

Kuwerengera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito magawo a mkate

Poyambitsa lingaliro loperekedwa, akatswiri azakudya amatenga maziko ngati chinthu chodziwika bwino kwa aliyense - mkate.

Ngati mukudula mkate kapena njerwa ya bulauni kukhala zidutswa wamba (pafupifupi masentimita), ndiye theka linalo lolemera 25 magalamu. izikhala yofanana ndi mkate umodzi muzogulazo.

Zomwezo ndizowona, titi, kwa awiri a tbsp. l (50 gr.) Buckwheat kapena oatmeal. Chipatso chimodzi chaching'ono cha apulo kapena peyala ndichofanana XE. Kuwerengera kwamitundu yama mkate kumatha kuchitika modziyimira pawokha ndi wodwala matenda ashuga, mungayang'anenso magawo. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizosavuta kwa ambiri kuganizira kugwiritsa ntchito makina owerengera pa intaneti kapena kupanga mndandanda wazakudya zopatsa thanzi. Pazakudya zotere, zalembedwa zomwe anthu omwe amadwala matenda ashuga amayenera kudya, magawo angati omwe ali ndi mankhwala ena ake, komanso kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe ndibwino kuzitsatira. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti:

• odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 ayenera kudalira XE ndikuwerengera mosamala, chifukwa izi zimakhudza kuwerengera kwa kuchuluka kwa insulin,
• makamaka, izi zimakhudza kuyambitsidwa kwa gawo la mahomoni lalifupi kapena mtundu wa ultrashort. Zomwe zimachitika nthawi yomweyo musanadye,
• 1 XE imachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga kuchokera ku 1.5 mmol kupita ku 1,9 mmol. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake tchati cholumikizira mkate chimayenera kukhala kuti chizikhala chosavuta.

Chifukwa chake, wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kudziwa momwe angawerengere mkate kuti akhale ndi shuga wokwanira. Izi ndizofunikira kwa matenda amtundu 1 ndi mtundu 2. Ubwino ndikuti, pofotokozera momwe kuwerengera moyenera, kuwerengera pa intaneti kungagwiritsidwe ntchito pamodzi ndi kuwerengera kwamanja.

Owerenga mabakera anena zowona zonse zokhudza matenda ashuga! Matenda a shuga amapita pakatha masiku 10 ngati mumamwa m'mawa. »Werengani zambiri >>>

Kodi pamafunika XE yayikulu bwanji kwa matenda ashuga?

Masana, munthu ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito magawo 18 mpaka 25, omwe adzafunikire kugawidwa muzakudya zisanu mpaka zisanu ndi chimodzi. Lamuloli ndilothandiza osati kwa mtundu woyamba wa shuga, komanso mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga. Ayenera kuwerengedwa motsatizana: chakudya cham'mawa, nkhomaliro, chakudya chamadzulo. Zakudyazi ziyenera kukhala ndi magawo atatu kapena asanu, pomwe zokhwasula-khala - magawo awiri kapena awiri kuti musatenge zovuta m'magazi a anthu.

Mu chakudya chimodzi sayenera kudya zopitilira mkate zisanu ndi ziwiri.

Kwa odwala matenda a shuga, ndikofunikira kuti zinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya zimatengedwa ndendende mkati mwa theka loyamba la tsiku.

Kuyankhula zokhudzana ndi mkate mu shuga, amalabadira kuti ngati mumatha kudya zambiri kuposa zomwe mumakonzekera, ndiye kuti mukatha kudya muyenera kudikirira pang'ono. Kenako yambitsirani kuchuluka kwa insulini, yomwe imachotsa mwayi wa kusintha kwa shuga.

Gome la kugwiritsa ntchito kwa XE kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya anthu

Vuto ndilakuti simungathe kuchita izi pafupipafupi ndikugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yambiri ya 14 ya insulini (yochepa) musanadye nthawi imodzi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kuganizira ndi kuwerengera pasadakhale zomwe zidzadye patsiku kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2. Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga ndikokwanira pakati pa chakudya, mutha kudya chilichonse mu kuchuluka kwa 1 XE popanda kufunika kwa insulin. Tisaiwale kuti patebulo la mkate anthu odwala matenda ashuga azikhala pafupi.

Zogulitsa zomwe zimatha kudyedwa ndikufunika kuthetsedwa

Zakudya zonse zomwe siziyenera kudyedwa ndi munthu wodwala matenda ashuga zimayeneranso kusamalidwa. Choyamba, muyenera kulabadira zinthu za ufa. Mitundu iliyonse yamitundu yosakhala yolemera imatha kudyedwa ndi munthu wodwala matenda ashuga. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti:

• mitengo yotsika kwambiri imapezeka mu buledi wa Borodino (pafupifupi magalamu 15) ndi ufa, pasitala
• Mbale ndi zikondamoyo zokhala ndi tchizi tchizi ndizodziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa mkate, chifukwa chake samalimbikitsidwa kuti azikhala ndi zakudya,
• kuphatikiza zakudya kuchokera ku gulu la ufa mu chakudya chimodzi sikulimbikitsidwa.

Polankhula za chimanga ndi chimanga, akatswiri amalipira chidwi makamaka ndi zabwino za buckwheat, oatmeal. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti phala lamadzi limadziwika ndi kuyamwa mwachangu kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, ndi shuga wambiri ndikulimbikitsidwa kuphika chimanga chambiri, komanso ndi shuga wochepa - semolina, mwachitsanzo. Zofunika kwambiri kuti zisagwiritsidwe ntchito mndandandawu ndi nandolo zam'chitini ndi chimanga chaching'ono.

Kugawa kwa XE tsiku lonse

Poona mbali zonse za zakudya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, munthu sangathandize koma kulabadira mbatata ndipo, makamaka, mbatata yophika. Mbatata yayikulu-yayikulu ndi XE imodzi. Mbatata zosenda pamadzi zimachulukitsa shuga, pomwe mbatata zophika zonse zimachulukitsa pang'onopang'ono. Dzinali limayikidwa pang'onopang'ono. Zomera zomwe zatsala (kaloti, beets, maungu) zitha kuyambitsidwa mu chakudya, koma ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mayina atsopano.

Pamndandanda wazinthu zamkaka, zomwe zimadziwika ndi mafuta ochepa ndizofunikira kwambiri. Mwa ichi, mwachitsanzo, muyenera kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mkaka wonse. Komabe, tsiku lililonse mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kapu ya kefir, tchizi chochepa cha tchizi, komwe mtedza ndi zinthu zina (mwachitsanzo, ma greens) zimatha kuwonjezeredwa.

Pafupifupi zipatso ndi zipatso zonse zimavomerezedwa komanso zovomerezeka kuti zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu shuga. Komabe, popeza iwo, monga ma nyemba, amaphatikiza chakudya chambiri, ndikofunikira kusintha kuchuluka kwawo kuti asatenge kudumpha m'magazi. Ngati menyu apangidwa molondola, ndiye kuti munthu wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kudya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba bwinobwino, kusangalala ndi mabulosi m'malo mwa maswiti.

Madokotala amalimbikitsa kudya sitiroberi, yamatcheri, jamu, zofiira ndi zakuda. Komabe, lingalirani zipatso zamatcheri, yamatcheri. Kodi ali ndimagawo angati a buledi? Ndikofunikira kudziwa pasadakhale, popeza mwawerenga tebulo lapadera. Zidzakhalanso zofunikira:

• kukana kugwiritsa ntchito timadziti tina totengera ma compotes chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa mankhwala osungirako komanso zosakaniza zina zowononga mwa iwo.
• kupatula maswiti ndi zoteteza ku zakudya. Nthawi zina, mumatha kuphika ma pie, ma muffins kunyumba, ndikugwiritsa ntchito pambuyo pake,
• nsomba ndi nyama sizimayikidwa XE, chifukwa zilibe chakudya. Komabe, kuphatikiza nyama kapena nsomba ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndi kale nthawi yowerengetsera zomwe zaperekedwazo.

Chifukwa chake, aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kudziwa chilichonse chokhudza mikate ndi mawerengeredwe ake. Chizindikirochi chikuthandizira kukhala ndi shuga wokwanira m'magazi komanso kuchepetsa zovuta. Ichi ndichifukwa chake palibe chifukwa sayenera kunyalanyazidwa kuwerengera kwakanthawi kwa mkate.