Zomwe zimayenera kukhala cholesterol pambuyo pa vuto la mtima

Kwa zaka zambiri, kulimbana ndi matenda oopsa osagonjetseka?

Mkulu wa Sukulu: “Mudzadabwitsidwa momwe kumakhalira kosavuta kuchiza matenda oopsa tsiku lililonse.

Kuphwanya Myocardial kumatchedwa kuti kuwopsa kwa zaka za zana la makumi awiri ndi limodzi. Ngati makumi angapo zapitazo malingaliro a mtima awa anakhudza amuna kwambiri, masiku ano azimayi achichepere alowanso m'chipinda chothandizira odwala. Zotsatira zoyipa zimasokoneza thupi lonse la wodwalayo. Poyerekeza ndi izi, chakudya chomwe chimayambitsa matenda obadwa nawo ndi chofunikira kwambiri.

Mawonekedwe Amphamvu

Chifukwa chake, wodwala amayenera kuyang'anira kuchepa kwa zopatsa mphamvu za caloric pazinthu zomwe amadya. Zowopsa zake ndizo zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi cholesterol yambiri. Pankhaniyi, zakudya zamafuta ndi nyama zosuta siziyenera kupatula pakudya kwanu.

Ndikofunikanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga. Ndizoletsedwa "kutengera" maswiti a confectionery. Ngati wodwala mu nthawi yake ya "infanation" anali dzino lokoma, ndiye kuti mutha kugwiritsa ntchito makeke ophika.

Ngati palibe vuto lililonse, muyenera kusintha maswiti ndi makeke ndi uchi kapena masiku.

Muyeneranso kupatula zakudya zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zakudya zikhale zokhazokha. Chifukwa chake, pansi pa chikwangwani cha "taboo" ndi zinthu monga:

1. Rye mkate watsopano.
2. Zinthu za nyemba.
3. Mkaka (komanso "mkaka").
4. Kabichi ndi nkhaka.
5. Zakumwa zochokera ku mpweya.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kukana khofi ndi koko, zonunkhira ndi zakudya zabwino. Kuchuluka kwa madzi amchere ndi mchere waulere ziyenera kukhala zochepa.

Chakudya cha wodwalayo chimayenera kuphika chothira kapena kuwiritsa. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti zakudya zam'matumbo ocheperako sizimagwiritsa ntchito zakudya yokazinga. Poyamba, ngakhale zakudya zophika ndi zosafunikira siziyenera kuperekedwa kuchakudya.

Tcherani khutu

Mukamalemba chakudya chamagulu obadwa nawo m'mnyewa wamatumbo, chidwi chapadera chiyenera kulipidwa kwa kugogoda koyambirira pambuyo pothana ndi matendawa.

Nthawi zambiri, munthu amene ali ndi vuto la ischemic matenda a mtima samva njala yayikulu tsiku loyamba kapena awiri. Pachifukwa ichi, wodwalayo "amathandizidwa" maulendo asanu ndi atatu patsiku pamlingo wokulirapo. Kuti mum'patseko kumwa mumafunikira tiyi wopanda shuga.

Njira ina yabwino yopangira tiyi ndi shuga ndi msuzi wa rosehip. Mutha kupatsanso munthu kuchepetsedwa ndi currant ndi mandimu a lalanje.

Kumwa kuyenera kutenthetsedwa, chifukwa kuzizira kumapangitsa kupweteka mumtima.

Zomwe zili pachimake nthawi

Zakudya pambuyo panjira ya infarction yoyambirira imayankhidwa mosamalitsa. Munthawi imeneyi, munthuyu ayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala wamtima, yemwe, ngati pakufunika, azitha kusintha zakudya.

Zakudya za wodwala ziyenera kukhala zazing'ono. Chosankha chabwino kwambiri cha chakudya ndi kasanu mpaka kasanu ndi kawiri. Mautumiki sayenera kukhala akulu.

Owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito bwino ReCardio kuchiza matenda oopsa. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Zakudya pambuyo poyambitsa matenda obisika zimaphatikizanso kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zotsatirazi:

• skim mkaka
• supu zamasamba
• chimanga chokhala ndi mafuta ochepa (ndikofunikira kuti ngophika bwino komanso madzi),
• msuzi wa kaloti watsopano ndi masamba (kapena azitona).

Simuyenera kuchita mchere. Mchere ungalowe m'malo ndi madzi a zipatso.

Zomwe zili munthawi ya kuwonongeka

Zakudya zamtunduwu pambuyo pa kulowetsedwa kwa myocardial zimatha kutumizidwa sabata lachisanu ndi chiwiri la matenda. Pakadali pano, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti pakhale mgwirizano mogwirizana ndi mafuta, mafuta ndi mapuloteni. Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa mapuloteni sayenera kupitirira magalamu zana, mafuta - magalamu makumi asanu ndi atatu, ndi chakudya - mazana anayi mphambu makumi asanu.

Mchere umaloledwa, koma mosamalitsa. Madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ayenera kukhala osiyana pakati pa 1.2 - 1.4 malita.

Zakudya zonse zizigawika zakudya zinayi.

Chakudya chomaliza sichikhala pasanathe maola awiri asanagone. Musanagone, mumaloledwa kumwa kapu yatsopano yachilengedwe, mafuta ochepa a kefir kapena yogati.

Kodi onenepa kwambiri

Cholocha chachikulu chomwe chimakwiyitsa kuphwanya magazi m'thupi ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe akuvutika ndi kukhalapo kwa kilos owonjezera, ndikofunikira kutsatira zakudya zomwe zimathandizira kulemera.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti odwala azisankha masiku apadera “osala kudya”.

Chakudya pa masiku osala kudya ndi motere:

1. Magalamu mazana asanu a oatmeal ndi mamililita 800 a madzi abwino a zipatso zilizonse.
2. Magalamu mazana atatu a chivwende chatsopano kucha tsiku lonse.
3. Magalamu zana a phala la mpunga + magalasi asanu a compote.
4. Makilogalamu awiri ndi theka mpaka awiri a maapulo ophika (kuti mupewe kuwawa, mutha kupanga apsause).

Zosintha zachitsanzo

Nutritionists ndi madokotala adakhazikitsa kale mgwirizano pakati pa matenda ndi kusasangalala ndi chakudya cholowa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti chakudyacho sichili chathanzi zokha, komanso chotsekemera. Masiku ano, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mtima wamtima uno, pali maphikidwe ambiri a zakudya kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi vuto la myocardial.

Zukini + nyama yosenda

Chimodzi mwazomwe zimalimbikitsidwa pakudya kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi vuto loyambitsa khungu ndi ichi. Kuti muziphika chakudya chophweka, chosavuta, koma chokoma komanso chosangalatsa, muyenera kuchita izi:

• wiritsani ng'ombe (magalamu 150) kapena nkhuku, ndiye kuti muzidula nyama,
• ikani chofufumitsa chachikulu m'madzi owiritsa,
• zukini (zidutswa ziwiri) pe, wosemedwa m'mipiringidzo ndi malo poto,
• pukuta ndi kuzimitsa zinthu zomalizidwa,
• sakanizani dzira yolk ndi mkaka ndi kutsanulira mbatata yosenda, ndiye mchere.

Sakanizani zosakaniza zonse, onjezani batala pang'ono, chotsani mu chitofu.

Msuzi wa Apple Puree

Kuti mupange supu, chitani izi:

• maapulo owuma (magalamu makumi asanu) ndi ma apricots owuma (magalamu makumi asanu ndi limodzi) amathira madzi ozizira ndikuphika mpaka kuphika pa moto wochepa,
• Tsanulira msuzi, pakani zosakaniza ndi chopopera,
• onjezani shuga (50 magalamu) ndi sinamoni (½ supuni),
• kuchepetsa wowuma (supuni 1) msuzi wocheperako,
• yikani wowuma mu puree, sakanizani bwino, mubweretse chithupsa.

Chakudya chathanzi ichi chimatha kusangalatsa komanso chakudya cham'mawa komanso chamadzulo.

Kodi cholesterol imakhala yotani m'magazi?

Cholesterol ndi mawu odziwika bwino, mwina, ngakhale kwa ana. Inde, mankhwala akayamba kuchuluka ndipo anthu ambiri amadwala, nthawi zambiri mumamva kuti mavuto amtunduwu amakhudzanso thanzi lanu. Chifukwa chake, ena, otengeka ndi kufalikira kwa zambiri za izi, amapita pakudya ndikumwa mankhwala. Ndipo zikuwoneka bwino kuti amachita izi, koma si onse omwe amadziwa momwe angasungire, chifukwa kuwonjezeka kwakukulu mu gawo ili la magazi kungakhale kovulaza. Norm cholesterol si mawu chabe, ndi chinthu chofunikira, kudziwa komwe muyenera kumvetsetsa mfundo zina. Poyamba, kumbukirani mtundu wa chinthu.

• Cholesterol: kuvulaza kapena kupindula?
• Cholesterol chabwino komanso choyipa
• Mitundu ya HDL, LDL ndi triglycerides
• Chikhalidwe cha mafuta m'thupi mwa amuna
• Chikhalidwe cha mafuta m'thupi mwa akazi

Cholesterol: kuvulaza kapena kupindula?

Kafukufuku wachitika zomwe zawonetsa kuti anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti cholesterol imavulaza thanzi, ndichifukwa chake akuyesera kuti achepetse mpaka otsika kwambiri. Koma sazindikira kwenikweni kuti chinthuchi chimagwira ntchito zofunika mthupi, motero kuchepa kwake sikungadzetse mavuto ochulukirapo kuposa kuchuluka.

Cholesterol imatha kutchedwa mowa wamafuta. Amakhala m'matumbo, ndiye kuti, m'magulu am'maselo a nyama.Tili othokoza kuti zipolopolozi zimakhala zolimba. Ochuluka a cholesterol amapezeka mu chipolopolo cha maselo ofiira amwazi, mwa kuchuluka kwa 23 peresenti. Mu nembanemba yamaselo amchiwindi, zomwe zili zofanana ndizofanana ndi magawo khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri. Amapezekanso pazinthu zoyera zaubongo mu kuchuluka kwa magawo khumi ndi anayi ndi pazinthu zazimvi zaubongo zomwe amapangira magawo asanu ndi limodzi. Timalongosola zina mwazomwe ntchito zomwe cholesterol imagwira.

1. Mchere wambiri umapezeka kuchokera ku cholesterol m'chiwindi, motero, chimbudzi sichingatheke popanda iwo.
2. Izi zimathandiza kwambiri pakupanga mahomoni, amuna ndi akazi. Ngati cholesterol ndi yotsika kwambiri, ntchito yobereka imatha kusokonekera.
3. Cholesterol ndiyofunikira popanga cortisol mu tiziwalo tamadontho tambiri, komanso pakhungu pakapangidwe ka vitamini D. Ngati mulingo wocheperako, chitetezo chamunthu chidzafooka.

Monga mukuwonera, thupi lathu limasowa cholesterol. Monga taphunzirira, ngati sakakwanira, mavuto azaumoyo amayamba. Koma ili ndi mbali imodzi yokha ya ndalama. Monga mukudziwa, kukwera kwake kwambiri kumakhudzanso thanzi. Pokhapokha pakufunika kukumbukira kuti m'magazi chinthuchi chimazungulira m'njira ziwiri, momwe kumvetsetsa kwenikweni kwa zomwe zili mafuta m'thupi kumadalira.

Cholesterol chabwino komanso choyipa

1. Fomu yoyamba ndi lipoproteins yapamwamba kwambiri, amatha kufupikitsidwa ngati HDL. Ichi ndi cholesterol chabwino. Izi lipoproteins kukana matenda a mtima dongosolo. Mu puloteni yotere, mafuta a cholesterol amachokera makumi awiri mpaka makumi atatu peresenti. Ndizosangalatsa kuti mwa anthu omwe magazi awo ali ndi HDL yambiri, chiopsezo chodwala matenda a mtima ndi chochepa kwambiri, kwenikweni, sichikupezeka. Chowonadi ndi chakuti cholesterol yabwino imagwira ntchito zofunika kwambiri: amachotsa cholesterol yaulere kuchokera pamwamba pa cell, amachotsa ku malo opangira ma atherosselotic, ndikubwezeretsa chiwindi, chifukwa imakonzedwa pamenepo. Titha kunena kuti chinthu ichi chothandiza chimatsuka thupi la munthu, kotero kuchuluka kwake m'magazi kumatipatsa chiyembekezo, koma moyo wautali.

Cholesterol kukula kwake ndi kapangidwe kake kungakhale koipa komanso kwabwino.

1. Lowensens lipoproteins kapena LDL. Ichi ndiye cholesterol yoyipa kwambiri. Amanyamula cholesterol (tautology yotereyi imatulukira) m'maselo, asanachotsere chiwindi. Chifukwa chake, m'maselo, gawo limafika makumi anayi kapena makumi asanu. Ngati pali pawiri pazowopsa zoterezi m'magazi, chiopsezo chotenga matenda amtima wamtima ukuwonjezeka kwambiri. Ndipo mfundo yonseyo yadzaza pazinthu zingapo: ngati maselo ali ndi kuchuluka kwa LDL, sangathe kuwerengera buku lonse, mafuta omwe atsalira pazolakwika izi amakhazikika pamakoma a chotengera, ndipo zolembera zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha izi zimakhudza dongosolo kuthamanga kwa magazi, komwe kumadzaza ndi stroke, kugunda kwa mtima, ndi zina.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti pali mtundu wina wa cholesterol - triglycerides. Thupi limazigwiritsa ntchito kupanga mphamvu m'maselo. Zomwe zimapangidwira zimayikidwa mu minofu ya adipose. Izi zimapanga banki yamphamvu yomwe thupi limagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yovuta. Komabe, ngati mulingo wa triglycerides ndiwokwera kwambiri, munthu amayamba kupeza mapaundi owonjezera, ndipo chiopsezo chokhala ndi atherosulinosis chimakulanso.

Zonsezi zimveketsa kuti thupi liyenera kukhala ndi mulingo wamitundu yonseyi, kotero cholesterol m'magazi sichingakhale chokhachokha pakumvetsetsa mtundu wamtundu wina wa protein.

Chikhalidwe cha mafuta m'thupi mwa amuna

Choyamba, tiwone zomwe zizindikiro zikuwoneka za abambo, pambuyo pa chithunzi chilichonse sitikayika mmol / l, koma tidzadziwa kuti muyeso ndiiwo.

• C cholesterol yonse - kuyambira 3.5 mpaka 6.
• LDL - kuyambira 2.2 mpaka 4.8.
• HDL - kuchokera pa 0.7 mpaka 1.75.
• Triglycerides - kuyambira 0,62 mpaka 3,7.

Mndandanda wa mafuta a cholesterol mwa mibadwo, mmol / l:

Owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito bwino ReCardio kuchiza matenda oopsa. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Chikhalidwe cha mafuta m'thupi mwa akazi

Nthawi zambiri akazi amakhala motere:

• cholesterol yathunthu - kuyambira 3 mpaka 5.5,
• LDL - kuyambira 1.95 mpaka 4.5,
• HDL - kuchokera pa 0.85 mpaka 2.28,
• Triglycerides - kuyambira 0,5 mpaka 2.6.

Mndandanda wa mafuta a cholesterol mwa mibadwo, mmol / l:

Zaka 704.48 – 7.252.49 – 5.340.85 – 2.38

Ngati munthu ali ndi cholesterol yambiri pamagazi, ngakhale atatsata zakudya, pamakhala kutanthauzira monga hypercholesterolemia. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kusintha mwachangu moyo wanu, zakudya zanu ndikuyamba kudya ma statins pafupipafupi, zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa cholesterol.

Kuti cholesterol yoyenera igwiritsidwe ntchito pafupipafupi, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa momwe mumakhalira ndikuchotsa chilichonse chomwe chingakhudze magazi athu ndi machitidwe ena m'thupi.

- kusiya malingaliro, mukuvomereza Chigwirizano cha Wogwiritsa ntchito

• Arrhasmia
• Atherosulinosis
• Mitsempha ya Varicose
• Varicocele
• Zotupa
• Magazi
• Matenda oopsa
• Hypotension
• Zizindikiro
• Dystonia
• Stroko
• Matenda a mtima
• Ischemia
• Mwazi
• Ntchito
• Mtima
• Zotengera
• Angina pectoris
• Tachycardia
• Thrombosis ndi thrombophlebitis

• Tiyi wamtima
• Hypertonium
• Bongo lamakani
• Normalife
• Allapinin
• Asparkam
• Detralex

Mafuta a cholesterol mwa amuna - gome la zodziwika bwino mwa mibadwo

1. Chifukwa chiyani amuna amafunikira cholesterol?
2. Zimayambitsa kusintha kwa cholesterol
3. Chifukwa chiyani ma cholesterol akutsika?
4. Nthawi ya mafuta m'thupi mwa amuna
5. Momwe mungadziwire mbiri ya lipid
6. Zoyenera kuchita ndi cholesterol yapamwamba kapena yotsika

Owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito bwino Aterol kutsitsa cholesterol. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Malinga ndi asayansi aku America, ngati munthu wagona osachepera maola 5 patsiku, izi zimabweretsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi. Ndipo anzawo aku Canada amakhulupirira kuti okonda tangerine amachepetsa cholesterol yawo osazindikira ngakhale pang'ono. Mavuto okhudzana ndi zabwino ndi zoopsa za cholesterol zakhala zikuchitika kwakanthawi.

Ziwerengero zikuwonetsa kuti cholesterol yokwezeka imachulukanso mwa amuna pambuyo pa zaka 35. Zizindikirozi zimakulirakulira ndi zaka. Kodi magazi a cholesterol abwinobwino azikhala otani mwa abambo, ndipo chifukwa chiyani kuli kofunikira kuwongolera?

Kuphatikizika kwa mitundu yonse ya cholesterol ndichizindikiro chofunikira cha mtundu wa lipid metabolism komanso chinthu chachikulu chodziwitsa chiopsezo cha atherosulinosis. Izi ndizofunikira kwa akatswiri a mtima, ma endocrinologists, ma urologist, akatswiri azachipatala, koma si odwala onse omwe ali ndi ufulu wofufuza zambiri zomwe zikulemba mufomu ndikuwunikanso mofananamo.

Chifukwa chiyani amuna amafunikira cholesterol?

Aliyense wamvapo za kuopsa kwa cholesterol, ndipo ndi ochepa omwe amadziwa zomwe zimachitika komanso momwe zimagwirira ntchito m'thupi. Ili Mafuta achilengedwe a polyhydric achilengedwe amakhala ndi chipolopolo cha maselo a chamoyo chilichonse (kupatulapo bowa ndi maselo opanda zida za nyukiliya).

Imakhala ndi cell membrane kukana.

Pogwiritsa ntchito terminology yomanga, XC imagwira ntchito ngati mesh yolimbikitsa yofunikira kwambiri kumangiriza kwapamwamba. Popanda iwo, kaphatikizidwe ka mahomoni ogonana, cortisol ya bile acids, vitamini D, yemwe ali ndi vuto la kukula, kaphatikizidwe ka insulin, mahomoni a steroid, ndi chithandizo cha chitetezo chamthupi.

Kutulutsa kwake kwakukulu kumakhala m'maselo a maselo ofiira a magazi (mpaka 23%) ndi chiwindi (mpaka 17%). Maselo amitsempha ndi meninges amakhalanso ndi cholesterol.

Chiwindi chimatipatsa mtundu wa cholesterol (pafupifupi 80%), ena onse amalowa mthupi ndi tsekwe, bakha, mwanawankhosa, ng'ombe, mazira, mkaka ndi mafuta ambiri.

Ndi cholesterol yomwe imapereka kapangidwe ka bile acid, omwe amachititsa kuti mafuta asokonezeke m'matumbo.Amapanga testosterone, progesterone, androgens, estrogen - mahomoni ogonana omwe amayang'anira ntchito yobereka.

Ngati cholesterol yatsika pang'onopang'ono, chitetezo chamthupi cha amuna chimatsika, ndipo ziwalo zambiri ndi machitidwe ake zimakulirakulira.

Zimayambitsa kusintha kwa cholesterol

Mwa zina mwazomwe zimafunikira kuti cholesterol yayikulu ikhale mwa amuna:

1. Wophedwa ndi cholowa. Ngati banja lili ndi achibale omwe apezeka ndi matenda a mtima, atherosulinosis, omwe adadwala matenda a stroko kapena matenda a mtima, chiopsezo cha hypercholesterolemia chikuwonjezeka,
2. Kulephera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumayambitsa cholesterol "yoyipa", kukonza metabolism,
3. Kudya kwambiri mwakudya, kunenepa kwambiri, chakudya chopanda thanzi,
4. Kupsinjika nthawi zonse, zizolowezi zoyipa. Wosuta fodya amakhalanso pachiwopsezo,
5. Matenda a endocrine
6. Matenda oopsa
7. Kulephera kwamkati ndi chiwindi
8. Oncology
9. Kumwa mankhwala ena (diuretics, mahomoni opatsirana),
10. M'badwo - zofunikira zamafuta m'magazi pambuyo pa zaka 40 ndizotsika, ndipo pambuyo 50 zomwe cholesterol imakhazikika.

Cholesterol otsika kwambiri samalonjezanso chilichonse chabwino. M'badwo uliwonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti cholesterol yotsika kwambiri ikhale:

• Chakudya cholimba chomwe chili ndi mapuloteni osakwanira a nyama,
• Anemia
• Zotsatira za matenda opatsirana
• Chifuwa chachikulu
• Hyperthyroidism
• Hepatic matenda,
• Matenda amwazi.

Izi ndi zina mwazinthu zomwe zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yamagazi, kuwunika kwa zamankhwala kumathandizira abambo kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa kuvulala. Ngati zikuphwanya zapezeka, ndikofunikira kuyesedwa pachaka ndiku kutsatira malangizo a akatswiri.

Chifukwa chiyani ma cholesterol akutsika?

Cholesterol sichimavulaza thupi kufikira zomwe zili kupitilira zizolowezi. Ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa mitundu yake. Cholesterol "yabwino" imakhala yachulukidwe kwambiri ndipo imayenda momasuka kudzera m'matumbo, ndikupereka zinthu zomwe zimafunikira m'maselo ndi minyewa.

Ndi kuchepa kwa HDL, zotanuka mtima zimachepa, ndipo chiopsezo cha hemorrhagic stroke chikukula. Mapangidwe a vitamini D omwe amachititsa kuti calcium ichitike amachepetsa, ndipo iyi ndi njira yolunjika yothandizira mafupa.

Kutsika kwa kupanga kwa serotonin (mahomoni achisangalalo) kumabweretsa kupsinjika, kupsinjika mosaganizira, komanso kuchepa kwa mtima. Kuchita zolakwika zamafuta kumapangitsa kuti munthu azichita kunenepa kwambiri, kumakulitsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni, zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga amtundu 2

Kusiyana kwa cholesterol ndikosapweteka, kuphwanya kwina komwe kumatha kuganiziridwa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa thupi, kuchepa kwa chilakolako chofuna kudya, kufooka kwa minofu, kufooka kwa chidwi, kutupa kwa ma lymph node, mafuta, mapando amafuta.

Chizindikiro chilichonse chizikhala nthawi yoyeserera.

"Choipa" cholesterol (LDL) ili ndi kachulukidwe kocheperako ndipo sichitha nthawi zonse kugwira ntchito ya mayendedwe, ikukhazikika pamakoma a bedi lamitsempha. Kuchepetsa ndima kumasokoneza kuyenda kwa magazi ndi chakudya chamagulu, kukulitsa chiopsezo chotenga matenda owopsa - atherosclerosis, kuperewera kwa coronary, matenda a mtima, kugunda kwa mtima.

Mtundu wachitatu wa cholesterol - lipoproteins yokhala ndi kachulukidwe kochepa kwambiri, kapangidwe kake m'matumbo, amapangidwa kuti azinyamula cholesterol ku chiwindi. M'magazi, kuchuluka kwake sikungatheke, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi metabolid ya lipid.

Kanemayo - malingaliro a akatswiri amtima za cholesterol yothandiza komanso yoyipa.

Kuchuluka kwa mitundu yonse ya cholesterol ndi gawo wamba, limayesedwa mu mbiri ya lipid. Potengera kupatuka kwazomwe zimachitika, mbiri ya lipid imaphunziridwa mwatsatanetsatane, chifukwa kuchuluka kwambiri kwa cholesterol kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi.

Cholesterol yotetezeka mwa anthu akuluakulu mpaka 5.2 mmol / l.

Masiku ano, madokotala amakhazikitsa malire osiyana siyana, osati zaka zokha, komanso amuna. Kukhazikitsidwa kuyesedwa kuti ngakhale mafuko amtundu amachititsa izi: kwa wokhala ku India, mwachitsanzo, muyezo wa cholesterol wamagazi mwa amuna udzakhala wapamwamba kuposa wazungu.

Nthawi ya mafuta m'thupi mwa amuna

Lingaliro lomveka bwino la cholesterol yawo komanso malire abwinobwino mwa amuna ndi azaka zitha kupezeka pagome.

Ma cholesterol ambiri mwa abambo amayenera kugwa pakati pa 5.2-6.2 mmol / L. Mwa amuna, mosiyana ndi theka la umunthu, mtima wamtunduwu sunatetezedwe ndi mahomoni ogonana.

Popeza pali anthu ochulukirapo pakati pa ogonana mwamphamvu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mosuta fodya, mowa, mafuta owonjezera, zamafuta apamwamba kwambiri, ndiye kuti mwayi wopeza atherosulinosis ndiwokwera ngakhale paubwana.

Mphamvu ya njirayi imasiyananso: ngati mwa amayi pambuyo pa 50, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumakulirakulira, ndiye kuti cholesterol m'magazi mwa amuna pambuyo pa 50 imayamba kugwa.

Nthawi yomweyo, thupi lamphongo limakhala likuwonetsa hypercholesterolemia:

• Kusokoneza kwa ziwiya zamkati, kuyambitsa kuwukira kwa angina pectoris,
• Mawanga achikasu ndi wen pa khungu la nkhope,
• Kufupika kwamphamvu zolimbitsa thupi,
• Matenda a mtima,
• Ma Microstrokes "kumapazi",
• Ululu m'miyendo.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusintha kwa chikhalidwe cha kudya, kusiya kusuta, komanso kuyankha moyenera pamavuto kumathandiza kuchepetsa izi.

Momwe mungadziwire mbiri ya lipid

Zotsatira za mayeserowa zithandizira dokotala kuwunikira zoopsa zonse. Ngati kuchuluka kwa LDL kudutsa 4 mmol / l, muyenera kuchitapo kanthu kuti awongolere. Ngati cholesterol "yothandiza" ili pamtunda wa 5 mmol / l, izi zikutanthauza kuti imachepetsa "cholesterol" yoyipa, kugundana kwamatumbo, kuteteza zombo. Chizindikiro ichi chikatsikira ku 2 mmol / l, chiopsezo chokhala ndi ma pathologies chikuwonjezeka.

Mu pulogalamu "Piritsi" pa kanemayo, adotolo azikambirana za momwe angayegwere mafuta amitundu yonse kunyumba pogwiritsa ntchito chosindikiza chosonyeza. Mtengo wazipangizo zanyumba ndizoyambira ma ruble 4 mpaka 20,000. Mtengo wa ma stround test ndi 650-1500 rubles.

Zoyenera kuchita ndi cholesterol yapamwamba kapena yotsika

Kusankha kwa njira yowongolera cholesterol kuyenera kukhala katswiri.

Mulingo woyenera wa mankhwala a cholesterol wokwera:

• Kulemba ma statins omwe amalepheretsa cholesterol synthesis. Mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza komanso kupewa. Zofanizira za m'badwo wachinayi zidakhazikitsidwa kale. Kukula ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kumatsimikiziridwa ndi adokotala okha, chifukwa ma statins ali ndi zovuta zambiri.
• Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi, kuphatikiza mafuta m'chiwindi. Mankhwalawa amagwirizana ndi ma statins, omwe amawonjezera kugwira ntchito kwawo.
• Ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo amakhumudwitsa onse, perekani mankhwala okhala ndi mavitamini, mankhwala okhala ndi nicotinic acid, othandizira pazakudya zamagulu. Mafuta a nsomba othandiza omwe amathandizira pamavuto a LDL.
• Odwala achikulire ndi mankhwala a aspirin.
• Ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, chithandizo chamankhwala chimawonjezeredwa (β-blockers, diuretics, receptor antagonists).

Zakudya zopezeka ndi cholesterol yapamwamba sizimaphatikizapo nyama yofiira, mafuta a trans, mafuta amkaka ambiri, chakudya mwachangu, makeke, khofi, kusuta. Zakudya zamagulu am'madzi, nsomba zamafuta (nsomba, nsomba, trout, zolemera mu Shch-3 acid), masamba, nyemba, mafuta ochepa mkaka wowawasa, timadziti, chimanga, madzi amchere ndi othandiza.

Zomwe zimatchedwa French paradox ndizosangalatsa: ngakhale French amakonda mafuta otsekemera ndi nyama yofiira, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol "choyipa" mdziko lino.

Pambuyo pakuphunzira zambiri za momwe amakhalira ndi zakudya, asayansi adazindikira kuti mafuta a azitona, masamba ambiri, vinyo wofiira, wofanana ndi zakudya za ku France, osati cholesterol chotsika, komanso moyo wautali, chifukwa amachepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi mtima.

Ndi cholesterol yotsika kwambiri, kuphatikiza pa mankhwala, mumafunikanso kudya kwapadera komwe mumavomerezana ndi dokotala wanu: caviar, nyama ya ng'ombe, mazira, tchizi chamafuta, mitundu yonse ya mtedza. Kuteteza matenda a lipid kuteteza matenda, ntchito zolimbitsa thupi, zipatso ndi masamba ambiri azakudya ndizothandiza.

Dr. Skachko akuwalangiza za njira zamafuta a cholesterol mwatsatanetsatane.

Ngakhale magazi a cholesterol amtundu wa abambo atatha zaka 60, monga momwe tebulo likusonyezera, ndikukhazikika, koma simungathe kumasuka ndi ziwiya zovala: cholesterol yayitali pamsika uliwonse ndiyo gawo loyamba la sitiroko ndi kugunda kwa mtima. Mtima ndi chinthu chosalimba: chimamenya.

Kodi cholesterol iyenera kukhala chiyani pambuyo pa vuto la mtima?

Kuchepa kwa lipid metabolism ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa maonekedwe a atherosulinosis - matenda okhudzana ndi omwe mafupa amafuta amawoneka m'matumba. Amapanga zotengera izi ndikutseka mipata.

Pankhani ya kukhalapo kwa matendawa, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yotsika kumakwera ndipo, matembenukidwe ambiri a lipoprotein amachepa. Kuwoneka kwamavuto ndimitsempha yamagazi kumachulukitsa chiopsezo chotenga matenda oyipa kwambiri kwa thupi monga kulowerera m'mitsempha.

Owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito bwino Aterol kutsitsa cholesterol. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Mitundu yambiri ya lipoproteins yotsika kwambiri imakhala yovulaza thupi lathu chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwamafuta acid. Monga lamulo, ma asidi awa amapezeka muzinthu zomwe zimachokera ku nyama (mafuta, nyama ndi nyama, soseji, batala, ndi zina).

Makina osachulukitsa lipoprotein, Komano, amakhala ndi mafuta achilengedwe opindulitsa omwe amalepheretsa kukula kwa atherosulinosis. Ma omega acids amenewo amapezeka mumitundu yosiyanasiyana yamafuta a masamba, nsomba, nsomba zam'madzi, ndi zina zambiri.

Cholesterol imathandizira pachidziwitso chowonjezeka cha vuto la mtima. Chifukwa chake, kupewa kuwonjezera mulingo wake ndikofunikira kwambiri. Njira imodzi yothanirana ndi kupewa ndi kudya. Komabe, pali zochitika zina pomwe njira izi zothandizira kuthana ndi cholesterol yayikulu sizokwanira ndipo muyenera kuwonjezera mankhwala kapena ma statins kuti muchepetse mulingo wake.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuti muchepetse chiwopsezo cha kugunda kwa mtima, ndikofunikira kukwaniritsa cholesterol yathunthu ndi "yoyipa" yonse, yomwe ndi yamunthu aliyense payekhapayekha.

Chifukwa chake, mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima wamatumbo, matenda ena amtima ndi matenda a shuga, mulingo wa LDL uyenera kukhala wochepera 2.0-1.8 mmol / l kapena 80-70 mg / dl. Mulingo wapamwamba umangofunika osati chakudya chokhwima, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opangidwa kuti muchepetse cholesterol.

Munthu wopanda matendawa, koma ali pachiwopsezo (ngati munthu amasuta, akudwala kwambiri, kuthamanga kwambiri kwa magazi, metabolic syndrome kapena ali ndi vuto lotengera cholowa) ayenera kukhala ndi cholesterol mkati mwa 4.5 mmol / l kapena 170 mg / dl, ndipo LDL ndi ochepera 2.5 mmol / l kapena 100 mg / dl. Zowonjezera zilizonse zimafunikira chakudya komanso mankhwala apadera.

Mwazi ndi cholesterol

Cholesterol wamba imalola thupi kugwira ntchito moyenera.

Mitengo yokwera imayambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mtima, komanso vuto la mtima.

Mwambiri, cholesterol imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mthupi la munthu, yomwe ndi:

• Ankapanga zipupa za maselo apamwamba kwambiri,
• amathandiza kukonza chimbudzi m'matumbo,
• imathandizira pakupanga vitamini D,
• zimawonjezera kupanga mahomoni ena.

Pali zinthu zina zoopsa zomwe zingayambitse kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yamagazi.

Zina mwa izo ndi:

1. Zakudya zopanda pake. Popewa zovuta zoyipa, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi cholesterol, mafuta ndi mafuta,
2. Khalidwe labwino. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi, masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kuthamanga kumathandizira kuchepetsa cholesterol,
3. Kutopa kwambiri. Ngati munthu ali ndi thupi lolemera mopitirira muyeso, thupi limayamba kupanga cholesterol "yoyipa". Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira nthawi zonse kulemera kwake.

Kuphatikiza apo, pali zotsogola kwa cholesterol yayikulu, monga matenda a shuga, matenda a impso ndi chiwindi, polycystic ovary syndrome, pakati, chithokomiro cha adrenoma, komanso kumwa mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa cholesterol "yoipa".

Mitundu ya cholesterol pambuyo pa kugunda kwa mtima

Monga tanena kale, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumakhudza thanzi la anthu ndipo kumatha kudzetsa matenda osiyanasiyana.

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yambiri kumatha kuyambitsa kuphwanya m'mimba ndi stroke.

Malinga ndi malingaliro a madotolo ambiri, zikaonekeratu kuti munthu ali ndi cholesterol yayikulu, amadzigwera yekha pachiwopsezo ndi nthawi yanthawi yowonetsera matendawa kwa zaka 10.

Mlingo wamavuto umawonjezeka monga zotsatirazi zimawonjezeredwa ndi chizindikiro chachikulu:

• gulu zaka zaka 41 ndi kupitilira,
• Amuna ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chodwala matenda a mtima kuposa azimayi,
• kupezeka kwa zizolowezi zoipa, monga kusuta fodya komanso uchidakwa.
• kuthamanga kwambiri kwa magazi.

Kuti muchepetse cholesterol, muyenera kaye kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amadya. Mwachitsanzo, cholesterol imatsika kwambiri ngati kuchuluka kwa mafuta kumatsitsidwa mpaka 30% kapena kuchepera, ndikukhala ndi mafuta ambiri - osachepera 7%. Kutulutsa mafuta kwathunthu sikuyenera. Ndikokwanira kubwezeretsa zokhala ndi polyunsaturated.

Ndikofunika kupatula mafuta mu chakudya. Malinga ndi kafukufukuyu, zidapezeka kuti mbewu yampweya imachepetsa cholesterol.

Chida china chogwira ntchito polimbana ndi cholesterol yayikulu imaganiziridwa kuti kumakhalabe ndi muyezo wodwala. Kuchulukitsa kwambiri kwa cholozera chololeka cha thupi kumachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ndipo, chifukwa chake, chiopsezo cha kugunda kwamtima.

Musaiwale zamachitidwe olimbitsa thupi, omwe samangothandiza ponseponse pakubwezeretsa thanzi, komanso amakhalanso ndi kusintha kwa mtima. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, makamaka mu mpweya watsopano, imathandiza kwambiri kuchira konse komanso kulimbana ndi cholesterol yayikulu.

Ndi zaka, chiopsezo cha matenda osiyanasiyana chimawonjezeka kwambiri.

Pankhani ya cholesterol, tikulimbikitsidwa kuwongolera cholesterol ndipo kuyambira wazaka 20 nthawi ndi nthawi mumawunikira kuti muwone mulingo wake.

Moyo pambuyo vuto la mtima

Munthu aliyense amene wapulumuka vuto la mtima ali ndi bala lomwe limakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa minofu yamtima. Kuphatikiza apo, ngakhale matendawo atadwala, zomwe zimayambitsa sizimazimiririka, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti palibe amene angatsimikizire kuti mtsogolo sizidzawonekeranso kapena sizipita patsogolo. Chifukwa chake, titha kunena kuti ndizosatheka kubwezeretsa kwathunthu thanzi.

Cholinga chachikulu cha wodwalayo atakumana ndi vuto la mtima ndikusamalira thanzi lake, ndikofunikira kuti abwererenso moyo wake, ngakhale zili choncho kuti ambiri amachita, malinga ngati akuchita molondola, amalandila chithandizo choyenera komanso kukonza.

Njira yakuchira pambuyo pa matenda aliwonse imafuna kutsatira malingaliro ena, ndipo choyambirira, ndikukana mitundu yonse ya zizolowezi zoyipa, kudya zakudya zabwino komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kuphatikiza apo, monga lamulo, madokotala amapereka mankhwala ena omwe amafunikira kumwa.

Pambuyo pa vuto la mtima, aspirin (ya magazi obwera), ma statins (kusintha cholesterol), mankhwala oopsa a matenda oopsa, ndi zina zambiri. Pafupifupi, kumwa mankhwala kwakumwa kuyenera kupitilizidwa zaka 5-6 - nthawi yowonetsera kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa.Nthawi zina, kusintha kumadziwika kwambiri kale.

Kubwezeretsanso pambuyo pa kugunda kwa mtima kumaphatikizapo kuthana ndi zomwe zimachitika, mwachitsanzo, mitsempha ya mtima ndi mitsempha ya mtima. Choyamba, tikutanthauza kusintha kwamphamvu yamagetsi. Atherosulinosis imatsogolera pakupangidwe kwa cholesterol yowonjezereka ndikupanga mapepala pazotengera.

Cholembera cha cholesterol chikang'ambika, mawonekedwe a magazi, omwe amatchinga mtsempha wamagazi. Pambuyo pa vuto la mtima, gawo la minofu ya mtima kapena ubongo limakhala lakufa. Popita nthawi, mawonekedwe osakhazikika. Gawo lotsalira lathanzi limayamba kukwaniritsa ntchito za omwe akhudzidwa ndikudzichepetsa, zomwe zimatsogolera kulephera kwa mtima ndi arrhythmia. Pankhaniyi, mankhwala owonjezera amafunikira.

Funso lomveka limadzuka, kodi cholesterol iyenera kukhala yanji pambuyo pa kugunda kwa mtima? Mwachilengedwe, kuti munthu athe kuchira mwachangu, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti cholesterol, makamaka "yoyipa", sichikuchuluka, ndipo kuchuluka kwa "wabwino" sikuchepa. Kusungabe lipoproteins yapamwamba, kukhalapo kwa zolimbitsa thupi kofunikira ndikofunikira. Komanso kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yamtunduwu kumawonjezereka ngati mumamwa kapu imodzi yaakumwa achilengedwe kapena mukamamwa chakumwa china champhamvu cha 60-70 mg. Kuchulukitsa pang'ono kwa mlingo wonenedwayo kumatsogolera ku zotsatira zotsutsana.

Miyezo ya cholesterol yokhazikika imatha kuyendetsedwa ndikuwunika pafupipafupi.

Chepetsa cholesterol pambuyo pa vuto la mtima

Chinthu choyamba chomwe muyenera kuchepetsa cholesterol ndikuchira ku vuto la mtima ndi matenda a shuga ndi chakudya choyenera. Mutha kujambula mtundu wazakudya zopatsa thanzi, pomwe mukukumbukira kuti kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi kuyenera kukhala kwabwino ndipo simuyenera kudya mopambanitsa. Madokotala amalimbikitsa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nyama zodyedwa (mwanawankhosa, ng'ombe, kupatula nkhumba) ndi offal, yomwe ili ndi cholesterol yambiri. Kuku nkoyenera kuphika kokha popanda khungu. Mazira ndi osafunika, makamaka mazira a mazira.

Mwa zakudya zomwe zingalimbikitsidwe zimatha kuzindikiritsa tchizi komanso tchizi zina zamafuta okhala ndi mafuta ochepa. Zakudya zamafuta omwe amapezeka ndi mafuta ochepa amatha kuyeretsa thupi lamafuta owonjezera. Batala ndi margarine zimasinthidwa bwino ndi mafuta a masamba.

Iwo amalimbikitsanso kuyambitsa mafuta osungunuka m'zakudya, omwe samangoyendetsa cholesterol, komanso amathandizira shuga m'magazi. Oatmeal, mpunga wonse, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyemba ndi chimanga, komanso chimanga ndi zipatso - zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi fiber yambiri. Kubwezeretsa magwiridwe antchito a mtima ndi ziwalo zonse kwathunthu, zidzakhala zofunikira kuyambitsa mu zakudya zochuluka za mchere, zomwe ndi magnesium ndi potaziyamu.

Chifukwa chake, titha kunena kuti chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima chikuwonjezeka kwambiri ndi cholesterol yokwera. Ichi ndichifukwa chake amalimbikitsidwa kuwunikira nthawi zonse momwe zinthu ziliri, ndikupereka kusanthula koyenera. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo. Ndikwabwino kusamalira thanzi lanu musanakumane ndi zovuta za matendawo. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, 10%% ya odwala amakhala ndi vuto la mtima mobwerezabwereza, pomwe nthawi zambiri limapezeka mwa odwala omwe samatsata malangizo a madokotala.

Katswiri adzalankhula za vuto la mtima mu kanema munkhaniyi.

Kuyesa kwa magazi a transaminase

C cholesterol chonse

Kupitilira 6.2 mmol / l

LDL cholesterol ("yoyipa")

Zothandiza kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a mtima.

Zothandiza kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la matenda amtima

Kupitilira 4.9 mmol / l

HDL cholesterol ("yabwino")

Zochepera 1.0 mmol / l (kwa amuna)

Zosakwana 1.3 mmol / l (kwa azimayi)

1.0 - 1.3 mmol / L (kwa amuna)

1.3 - 1.5 mmol / L (kwa akazi)

1.6 mmol / L ndi kukwera

Pamwamba 5.6 mmol / L ndi pamwamba

Kolesterol okwera amachititsa kuti magazi aziwoneka bwino komanso kuti mapangidwe omwe amalumikizana ndi khoma lamkati la mitsempha komanso asokoneze kayendedwe ka magazi. Mapulogalamu a cholesterol ndi malo omwe amapezeka zinthu zambiri zamafuta (lipids) ndi zopatsa mphamvu zovuta, zomwe zimadzaza ndi minyewa yolumikizana ndipo zimatha pang'ono kapena kuletsa kwathunthu kuyeza kwa chotupa.

M'malo mwa mapangidwe awo, ischemia imayamba, yomwe imatsogolera ku njala, kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi ndi njira za metabolic mu minofu. Komanso, kusokonezeka kotereku kumayambitsa kukula kwa mtima zam'matumbo: myocardial infarction, stroko, angina pectoris, zotupa zam'mimba zam'munsi, etc.

Popewa kutuluka kwa matenda akuluakuluwa omwe angayambitse kupunduka ndi kufa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana kuti muchepetse cholesterol. Kwa izi, njira zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Munkhaniyi, tiyankha funso "momwe tingachepetse cholesterol yamagazi?"

Maziko okonzanso a metabolidi ya lipid amasintha pakuwunika kwamomwe magazi, mwachitsanzo, kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol yokwanira komanso kupsinjika kwapakati pa lipoproteins.

Mutha kuphunzira za kuwonjezera cholesterol pokhapokha poyeza mayeso amomwe ammwazi, omwe amawerengera kuchuluka kwa cholesterol. Zizindikiro zake nthawi zambiri zimakhala kuyambira 5.0 mpaka 5.2 mmol / L.

Chizindikirochi, limodzi ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga mu seramu yamagazi, ndizofunika kwambiri kwa odwala omwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira 45. Komabe, sikuti aliyense wa ife amamvetsetsa chomwe cholesterol ndi chifukwa chake ili m'thupi.

M'nkhani yathu, tiyesa kumvetsetsa: kodi pawiri uyu ndi chiyani, ndi cholesterol wamba bwanji m'magazi.

Cholesterol, kapena, monga momwe imatchulidwira moyenera, cholesterol ndi lipid (mafuta), yomwe imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa thupi.

Udindo wofunikirawu ndi chifukwa cholowa mkati mwazomwe zimapanga ma cell. Ndilo gawo loyambirira lomwe ma steroid ndi mahomoni ogonana amapangidwira.

Komanso, ntchito yofunikira kwambiri ya cholesterol imakhala yokhudza thupi la munthu, komanso nyama ndi mbewu zina.

Kwenikweni, dzina la panganoli lili ndi mawu awiri: "cholera" - bile ndi "steros" - yolimba. Dzinali limachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zinthu zam'madzi mu bile, komanso kuthekera kopanga mosavuta, komwe ndiko kuwonetsa koyamba kwa atherosulinosis.

Choyamba, ndikofunikira kudziwa ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya cholesterol monga gawo lama cell membrane. Amapereka kukana komanso kusankha kupezeka kwa membrane wa khungu kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana, zonse zofunikira komanso zovulaza. Cholesterol ndiye maziko ofunika a mahomoni a sexid ndi kugonana (cortisol, corticosterone, aldosterone, testosterone).

Cholesterol ndi gawo limodzi la bile ndipo umagwira nawo ntchito yonyamula mafuta acid kupita ku chiwindi monga gawo la ma chylomicrons. Mapangidwe a Vitamini D amalimbikitsidwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa, komanso cholesterol yokwanira m'magazi. Zingwe zamitsempha, ndipo makamaka pawiri - sphingomyelin, zimapangidwa m'thupi mokwanira mokwanira pamaso pa cholesterol.

Mitundu yoyendera

Kuzungulira kwa cholesterol m'magazi kungachitike ngati mitundu itatu ya lipoprotein. Lipoprotein amatanthauzira kuti "mapuloteni amafuta", ndi gawo lapadera la mayendedwe lomwe limapangidwa m'chiwindi.

Lowensens lipoproteins (VLDL) yotsika kwambiri imasuntha mafuta acid, glycerin, cholesterol kuti minofu ya adipose ndi ziwalo zonse. Dzinali limachitika chifukwa kuchuluka kochepa kwa cholesterol mumapuloteni onyamula ndi kuchuluka kwa lipids kosavuta.

Lipoproteins itatha izi, zimasinthana zamafuta zimachitika, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi kumawonjezeka. Chifukwa chake imatchedwa low density lipoprotein (LDL), popeza imakhala “yolemetsa” kulemera kwamankhwala.

Fomuyi ndiyowopsa kwambiri ndipo imatchedwa "cholesterol yoyipa." Mlingo wa chitukuko cha atherosulinosis ndi zovuta zonse zotsatira zimatengera kuchuluka kwake komanso nthawi yoyendayenda m'magazi.

Mapuloteni acidote ophatikizidwa ndi lipoproteins yapamwamba kwambiri (HDL), omwe ali ndi mankhwala enaake, omwe amawalola kugwira cholesterol. Amatenga cholesterol kubwerera ku chiwindi, komwe amachotsa mu ndulu.

Chofunikira china ndi triglycerides, kapena mafuta achulukidwa kale. Kuphatikizika kwawo, ngakhale kuli koti sikumakhudza kwambiri chitukuko cha atherosulinosis, koma ndikofunikira pakukula kwa lipomatosis (lipid dystrophy ya ziwalo zamkati).

Pambuyo pofufuza wodwalayo, dokotala nthawi zambiri amapereka chidziwitso cha mbiri ya lipid. Kuunika kumeneku kumaphatikiza Zizindikiro zomwe tafotokozazi ndipo zimakupatsani mwayi wodziwa kuthekera kwa matenda a atherosulinosis.

Kuthamanga kuyesa kwa magazi. Mlingo wa cholesterol kwa amayi ndi abambo ndiwofanana ndipo umachokera ku 3,6 mpaka 6.2 mmol / L. Zikatero, mwayi wopanga ma atherosselotic malo ndi ochepa. Kuti muwone molondola, tebulo la cholesterol yamagazi limasonyezedwa pansipa, lomwe limakupatsani mwayi wosunthira chizindikiro ichi kutengera zaka.

Ngati mulingo wa cholesterol m'magazi anu uposa mtengo wa 6.2 mmol / l, ndiye kuti amalankhula za cholesterol yokwanira. Ngati kuyezetsa magazi kukuwonetsa 7.8 mmol / L kapena kuposa, awa ndiwokwera kwambiri.

Mbiri ya lipid imaphatikizidwa pakuwunika kwa biochemical ndikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi. Mlingo wa mapuloteni okhala ndi cholesterol walembedwa pansipa.

Kukula kwa cholesterol yamagazi mwa amuna ndi chisonyezo chofunikira kwambiri chomwe muyenera kudziwa ndikusunga malire ovomerezeka kuti mupewe kupweteka kapena myocardial infarction.

Zinthu zingapo zimatha kukweza cholesterol m'magazi:

• Zakudya zopanda mafuta zomwe zimakhala ndi zakudya zopezeka mu cholesterol (nyama yamafuta, nyama yofiyira, tchizi zolimba, mafuta anyama, mankhwala a confectionery ndi ena),
• kusowa kochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kusuntha pang'ono kumapangitsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta ndi cholesterol m'magazi ndi zimakhala. Zochita zowonjezera kapena zochita zolimbitsa thupi zimathandizira "kutentha" kwamafuta ndi cholesterol yotsika,
• Kunenepa kwambiri kumayambitsa matenda ambiri, komanso kumathandizira LDL ndi triglycerides m'magazi,
• zizolowezi zoyipa (kusuta fodya ndi mowa) zimathandizira kusintha khoma lamitsempha, lomwe limayamba kukhudzidwa ndimapangidwe amtundu wa atherosulinotic,
• matenda ena. Gululi liyenera kuphatikizapo matenda a shuga, matenda oopsa, matenda a impso, ndi hypothyroidism,
• chibadwa. Mankhwala amadziwa mitundu 4 ya matenda a lipid metabolism, omwe amatchedwa dyslipoproteinemias. Ndi kuphwanya koteroko, kulibe kuphatikizika kwa HDL ndi kupangika kwambiri kwa LDL, komwe kumayambitsa kukhathamiritsa kwa cholesterol,
• zoyeserera zaka komanso jenda. Amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi cholesterol yamagazi. Mlingo wa chizindikiro ukuwonjezeka pang'ono ndi zaka.

Palibe zodziwika kapena zenizeni zodziwika zomwe zimawonedwa mwa wodwala. Kuti mupeze cholesterol yamagazi, muyenera kupereka magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha kuti muwone zamankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'mwazi kumatha kuwonetsa kukula kwa angina pectoris, mawonekedwe a atherosulinosis, kupezeka kwa kusokonezeka kwa ischemic muubongo, mawonekedwe ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kukula kwa xanthomas ndi xanthelasm, omwe ndi madongosolo a mafuta osalowerera m'malo ena a khungu.

Chiwopsezo chachikulu chimakhudzana ndi mtima. Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi kumapangitsa kupangika kwa ma atherosulinotic plaques mkati wamitsempha yamagazi. Popita nthawi, mawonekedwe oterowo amachulukana kukula ndipo amatha kupitilira kuwunikira kwa zotengera.

Ndipo pali chithunzi cha matenda a atherosulinosis, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhudza khoma la mitsempha yam'munsi, ubongo ndi mtima.

Zikadutsa matenda kufalikira kwa kuthekera kwa m'munsi malekezero, odwala amaona kuzizira ndi dzanzi, mapazi, kuchepa kwa nthawi yoyenda, komanso mawonekedwe akusintha kwa khungu. Kukhalitsa kwa cholesterol yamagazi mwa amuna kumalepheretsa kuchitika kwa matenda awa.

Ngati mtima wakhudzidwa, ndiye kuti angina pectoris amakula kaye, kenako kupatsirana kwa myocardial kumatha kuchitika. Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zaubongo, chiopsezo chogundidwa chikuwonjezeka, chomwe chimakhala chovuta kuchiza.

Mankhwala achikhalidwe amasiyanitsa magulu angapo a mankhwala omwe amalepheretsa kaphatikizidwe ndi mayamwidwe a cholesterol. Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amakhala ma statin. Izi zimalepheretsa puloteni yapadera, HMG-CoA reductase, yomwe imatenga gawo lalikulu pakupanga kolesterol.

Zakudya za cholesterol yapamwamba

Kwa nthawi yoyamba, hypothesis ya cholesterol monga yofunika kwambiri pakupanga atherosulinosis idapangidwa ndi N. Anichkov kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900 (1912). Kuyeserera kopanda pake kunachitika kuti atsimikizire zonena zake.

Kwa nthawi yayitali, wasayansi anayambitsa njira yokhutiritsa komanso yokhazikika ya cholesterol mu ngalande yakudya ya akalulu. Chifukwa cha "chakudyacho", mowa wamafuta unayamba kukhoma pazitseko zamitsempha yamagazi ya nyama. Ndipo chifukwa chakusintha kudya kukhala kwazonse, zonse zidakhala zofanana. Chosokosera chatsimikiziridwa. Koma njira yotsimikizirayi sitha kutchedwa yopanda tanthauzo.

Chokhacho chomwe chimatsimikiziridwa ndi kuyesaku - kumwa mankhwala okhala ndi cholesterol ndizovulaza kwa herbivores. Komabe, anthu, monga nyama zina zambiri, si herbivores. Kuyesanso kofananako kwa agalu sikunatsimikizire kukhudzika.

Udzu wofunikira kwambiri pakufalikira kwa cholesterol hysteria idaseweredwa ndi zimphona zamankhwala. Ndipo ngakhale m'zaka za m'ma 90s chiphunzitsochi chadziwika kuti sichinali cholondola, ndipo sichinagawidwe ndi asayansi ambiri, zinali zopindulitsa pazobwereza zidziwitso zabodza kuti zitheke mamiliyoni a madola pazomwe zimatchedwa kuti ma statins (mankhwala ochepetsa magazi m'thupi).

Chifukwa chake, kulumikizana kwachindunji pakati pa chitukuko cha atherosulinosis ndi matenda ena amtima komanso kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi sikunatsimikizike. Ngati gawo la cholesterol pamakina lilipo, sizodziwikiratu ndipo ili ndi yachiwiri, ngati siyakutali kwambiri, yofunika.

Chifukwa chake, udindo wa cholesterol popanga matenda amtima wabwino sichinthu chongopindulitsa chabe komanso chongopeka zabodza!

Zomwe zimayambitsa cholesterol yayikulu ndizakudya zopanda thanzi komanso kusowa kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kumwa mankhwala ena ake kumadzetsa cholesterol yamagazi. Chochititsa china chofala ndikuchepa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro. Pakhoza kukhala matenda obadwa nawo omwe amachulukitsa cholesterol, koma sizichitika kawirikawiri.

Zakudya zabwino zokhala ndi cholesterol yambiri ndizochepa-calorie, zopanda zakudya zochepa zamafuta ndi mafuta. Madokotala akupitiliza kumulembera, ngakhale kuti samathandiza konse. Mafuta a cholesterol mwa anthu omwe amasintha zakudya "zamafuta ochepa" samachepa, pokhapokha ngati mankhwala a statin atengedwa.

Zakudya zamafuta ochepa komanso zamafuta ochepa sizigwira ntchito.Momwe mungasinthe? Yankho: Zakudya zochepa zamafuta. Ndizosangalatsa komanso ndizokoma, ngakhale zimafunanso kusiya zinthu zambiri zomwe mumazolowera. Ngati mungayang'ane mosamalitsa, ndiye kuti triglycerides imabweranso mwakale pakapita masiku atatu ndi atatu. Cholesterol imasintha pambuyo pake - patatha milungu 6. Simuyenera kuchita kupirira nthawi zonse mukakhala ndi njala.

Cholesterol okwera mwa ana akhoza kukhala chimodzi mwazifukwa ziwiri:

1. Kunenepa kwambiri, matenda oopsa.
2. Matenda obadwa nako.

Njira zamankhwala zimatengera zomwe zimayambitsa cholesterol yayikulu mwa mwana.

American Academy of Pediatrics ilimbikitsa kuti ana onse azaka za zaka 9 mpaka 9 atenge mayeso amwazi wonse, "woipa" komanso "wabwino" wa cholesterol. Malinga ndi momwe anthu ambiri amaganizira, palibe chifukwa chochitira izi ngati mwana san wonenepa kwambiri ndipo akukula bwino. Komabe, ngati pali kukayikira kwa cholesterol yayikulu chifukwa cha majini, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyesa mayeso muli ndi zaka 1.

Madokotala ndi asayansi omwe amagwirizana ndi opanga mankhwala tsopano amalimbikitsa ma statin a ana omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri kapena matenda ashuga. Akatswiri ena amati kuyambiraku sikungothandiza, komanso kwachiwawa. Chifukwa sichikudziwika komwe kupatuka kwakutukula kwa ana kungayambitse ma statins.

Ana omwe cholesterol imakwezedwa chifukwa cha matenda obadwa nawo ndi chinthu chosiyana kwambiri. Ndizoyenera kupangira ma statins kuyambira ali aang'ono kwambiri. Kupatula ana omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1 omwe amafunikira zakudya zamagulu ochepa, osati mankhwala. Tsoka ilo, ndi hypercholisterinemia ya banja, ma statin sathandiza mokwanira. Chifukwa chake, tsopano pali chitukuko cha mankhwala amphamvu omwe amachepetsa cholesterol.

Zithandizo za anthu

Pa intaneti mungapeze maphikidwe ambiri wowerengeka kuti muchepetse cholesterol. Mulinso:

• mtundu wa laimu
• dandelion muzu
• nyemba za nyemba ndi nandolo,
• phulusa la kumapiri - zipatso ndi tincture,
• udzu winawake
• ndevu zagolide
• zipatso zosiyanasiyana
• masamba ndi zipatso zamasamba.

Pafupifupi maphikidwe onse otchuka ndi makomedwe. Amatha kukhutitsa thupi ndi mavitamini ndi mchere, koma osayembekezera kuchepetsa kwambiri cholesterol ndi thandizo lawo. Zipatso ndi timadziti sizimangoletsa cholesterol, koma m'malo mwake zimakulitsa vutolo, imathandizira kukulitsa kwa atherosulinosis, chifukwa amadzaza ndi chakudya chamavuto.

Zowonjezera zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati othandizira, kuwonjezera pa zakudya komanso zolimbitsa thupi. Garlic iyenera kumudya m'mabotolo kuti mupeze mankhwala osakhazikika tsiku lililonse. Zakudya zamagulu ochepa zimatsimikizika kuti zimasintha matendawa m'magazi m'masiku ochepa. Palibe zowonjezera kapena mankhwala omwe amapereka zomwezi.

Mankhwala a cholesterol

Kusintha kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi ndi chinthu choyambirira kuchita kuti mubweretsenso cholesterol. Komabe, ngati izi sizokwanira kapena wodwala ndi waulesi, kutembenukira kwa mankhwala.Zomwe mankhwala omwe dokotala adzalembera zimatengera kuchuluka kwa chiwopsezo cha matenda amtima, zaka komanso matenda ena.

Mwa magulu onse a mankhwalawa omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, ma statins okha omwe atsimikizira kuti athe kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kufa ndi vuto la mtima. Amatalikitsa moyo wa odwala. Mankhwala ena samachepetsa kufa, ngakhale amachepetsa cholesterol yamagazi. Opanga mankhwala osokoneza bongo amapereka ndalama zambiri pofufuza za bile acid sequestrants, ma fibrate, ndi ezetimibe. Ndipo ngakhale zinali choncho, zotsatira zake zinali zoipa.

Statin ndi gulu lofunikira la mankhwala. Mapiritsiwa amachepetsa cholesterol yamagazi, amachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo choyamba chobwereza mtima. Amakulitsa moyo wa odwala kwa zaka zingapo. Komabe, ma Statin amabweretsa mavuto ambiri. Otsatirawa akufotokozera momwe mungasankhire ngati mutamwa mankhwalawa kapena ayi.

Ma Statist amachepetsa kupanga mafuta m'thupi m'chiwindi ndipo amachepetsa kuchuluka kwake m'magazi. Komabe, Dr. Sinatra ndi akatswiri ena ambiri a ku America amakhulupirira kuti zabwino za ma statins sizomwe zili choncho. Amachepetsa kufa kwa matenda amtima chifukwa amaletsa kutupa kosafunikira m'matumba.

Akatswiri otsogola kuyambira pakati pa 2000s akuti phindu lama statins nthawi zambiri silimadalira kuchuluka kwa cholesterol. Chofunikira ndi kuthana ndi kutupa, komwe kumateteza mitsempha ya magazi ku atherosulinosis. Pankhaniyi, zisonyezo zakukhazikitsidwa kwa mankhwalawa siziyenera kungotengera zotsatira za mayeso a wodwala a cholesterol.

Pambuyo pa 2010, malingaliro awa adayamba kulowa m'mayendedwe aboma akunja. Mulingo wabwino wa cholesterol ya LDL m'magazi ndi yochepera 3.37 mmol / L. Komabe, zinthu zina tsopano zimaganiziridwa pakuwerengera kuopsa kwa matenda amtima. Anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chochepa amapatsidwa ma statins pokhapokha ali ndi 4.9 mmol / L kapena apamwamba a LDL cholesterol. Komabe, ngati chiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi chachikulu, ndiye kuti dokotala wodziwa bwino amatha kukupatsani ziwerengero, ngakhale cholesterol ya wodwalayo ili mkati moyenera.

Ndani ali ndi chiopsezo cha mtima?

• anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima kale,
• angina pectoris
• matenda ashuga
• kunenepa
• kusuta
• kuyesa kwamagazi kwabwino chifukwa cha C-rease protein, Homocysteine, fibrinogen,
• odwala omwe safuna kusintha moyo wabwino.

Kwa anthu omwe ali m'magulu omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, dokotala amatha kukupatsani mankhwala okhala ndi mankhwala, ngakhale cholesterol cha LDL ndi chabwino. Ndipo wodwala ndibwino kumwa mapiritsi, chifukwa amakhala othandiza kwambiri kuposa zoyipa. Kumbali ina, ngati muli ndi cholesterol yayikulu, koma mtima wanu suvulala ndipo palibenso zinthu zina zowopsa, mwina ndibwino kuchita popanda ma statins. Muyenera kusinthira moyo wamtundu uliwonse.

Werengani nkhani yowonjezerapo, "Statins forower the Cholesterol." Dziwani zambiri:

• omwe ma statins ndiye otetezeka kwambiri
• mavuto obwera chifukwa cha mankhwalawa komanso momwe mungawathandizire,
• ma statins ndi mowa.

Werengani zambiri za ma statins:

• 
  Ma Statistics okalamba
• 
  Zotsatira zoyipa za ma statins
• 
  Maiko: FAQ. Mayankho a mafunso
• 
  Matenda a shuga

Pambuyo powerenga nkhaniyi, mudaphunzira zonse zomwe mukufuna pa cholesterol. Ndikofunikira kuti muthe kuyang'ana pazinthu zina zowopsa zamtima zomwe zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri kuposa cholesterol yapamwamba. Palibe chifukwa choopera izi. Ndikofunikira kwa anthu.

Magazi a cholesterol amisinkhu ya amuna ndi akazi amaperekedwa. Zakudya zamagulu ogona ndi cholesterol zimafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane. Mutha kupanga lingaliro labwino ngati mungatenge ma statins kapena mutha kuchita popanda iwo. Mankhwala ena amafotokozedwanso omwe amaperekedwa kuwonjezera kapena m'malo mwa ma statins. Ngati mukufunsabe za cholesterol - afunseni ndemanga. Oyang'anira tsambalo ndi achangu komanso tsatanetsatane.

Kodi cholesterol iyenera kukhala yotani mwa akazi pambuyo pa 40

Oyimira aliyense wogonana amakhala ndi nthawi ya kusintha kwa kusintha kwa thupi, pomwe kusintha kosiyanasiyana kumachitika mkati mwa thupi lake, makamaka kutengera momwe iye amakulira, momwe cholesterol mwa amayi pambuyo pa 40 imathanso kusintha.

Pakadali pano, malinga ndi ziwerengero, chiopsezo chokhala ndi mitundu yonse ya matenda amtima ndi matenda ena amakula. Chifukwa chake, motsutsana ndi kusinthika kwa mtsogolo, zizindikiritso zachilengedwe za thupi zikusintha, chifukwa chifukwa cha kusinthika kwa kusintha kwa mahomoni, kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi m'magazi a m'magazi kumachulukanso.

Mpaka nthawi ya kusintha kwa thupi, thupi lachikazi limatetezedwa kwambiri ndi estrogen, yomwe imayambitsa kutsekeka kwa kuphatikizika kwa cholesterol yambiri. Koma azimayi ambiri adakali aang'ono akunyalanyaza thanzi lawo, ndipo panthawi yomwe gawo la estrogen likuchepa kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi kumawuka.

Izi zimakwiyitsa:

• Kuchulukitsa mamvekedwe amadzi a m'magazi,
• onenepa kwambiri
• kusuta pafupipafupi
• endocrine pathologies, kuphatikizapo matenda ashuga,
• matenda oopsa
• mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Izi zimasiya thupi la mzimayi, zomwe zimapanga malo abwino owonjezera mafuta m'thupi.

Izi zimaletsedwa ndi cholesterol "yabwino", yomwe imakhala kachulukidwe kwambiri. Koma kukhalapo kwa gawo ili ndi gawo lofunikira kwa thupi la munthu, chifukwa zimatenga gawo mwachindunji m'njira zambiri, kuphatikiza mapangidwe am'mimba.

Zofunika! Cholesterol imathandizanso pakupanga estrogen. Ndipo njirayi ikasiya kapena kuchepetsa ntchito, ndiye kuti cholesterol yonse imalowa m'magazi a mkazi.

AlAt (ALT, ALT), kapena alanine aminotransferase, ndi enzyme yochokera ku gulu la transaminases, lomwe limapangidwa makamaka m'maselo a chiwindi ndi impso, mwanjira zina m'minyewa yotupa, myocardium, mapapu, ndi kapamba.

Cholinga chake ndikuthandizira ngati kusuntha kwa amino acid alanine, yomwe imatha kusintha mwachangu glucose. Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa alanine aminotransferase m'madzi a m'magazi kulibe kanthu, koma ndi matenda a ziwalo izi, amamasulidwa m'maselo, ndipo mulingo umakwera.

Pamodzi ndi AsAt (AST), bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, AlAt ndi gawo la mayeso omwe amatchedwa chiwindi: mayeso a labotale omwe atchulidwa amatilola kuti tiwone momwe magwiridwe ndi ntchito ya chiwindi.

Mlingo wa ALT m'mwazi umawonetsa kuwonongeka kwa maselo a chiwindi ndi hepatitis, cirrhosis, poyizoni, kuledzera kwa mankhwala. Ndikofunika kufunsa dokotala ndikumufunsa ngati akuyenera kuyesedwa ngati muli ndi nkhawa posachedwapa:

• kufooka, kutopa,
• kusowa kwa chakudya, mseru kapena kusanza, kugona, kupweteka kwam'mimba,
• hepatic chizindikiro zovuta - chikaso cha khungu, mapuloteni amaso, mkodzo wakuda ndi kuwala kwa "dongo" la ndowe.

Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mulingo wa AlAt ungathe kuwonetsa matenda a hepatic kalekale kuwonjezeka kwa bilirubin mwachindunji komanso mawonekedwe a jaundice kapena mtundu wamatumbo usanayende. Komanso, kusintha kwake kungawonetse matenda am'mimba ena: kapamba, ndulu za bile, myocardium, mafupa am'mimba.

Magazi pa AlAt amatengedwa kuchokera m'mitsempha, pamimba yopanda kanthu, osachepera maola 8 atatha kudya. Masiku 3- 7 asanachitike kuwunikira, mowa ndi woletsedwa, chifukwa mukatero zotsatira za kafukufuku ndi kutanthauzira kwake (molondola, kutanthauzira) sizingakhale zosadalirika.

Mlingo wa ALT m'magazi nthawi yosiyanasiyana ya moyo umasiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, chizindikiro chomwe chimakweza kwambiri munthu wamkulu mwa ana akhanda ndi ana ang'onoang'ono chimawoneka chabwinobwino chifukwa chovundikira pambuyo pathupi.

Zimachitika chifukwa chakuti masabata oyambilira pambuyo pobadwa, hemoglobin (fetal hemoglobin) mwa mwana imayamba kuwola, yomwe imayambitsa mapangidwe a bilirubin, ndipo kupindika kwake kwakukulu kumayambitsa kuwonekera kwa jaundice.

Kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi chisonyezo cha momwe thupi limagwirira ntchito komanso chisonyezo cha mkhalidwe wamtima ndi m'mitsempha yamagazi. Zimadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa magazi omwe amapopera gawo limodzi la nthawi, komanso kukana kwa bedi lamankhwala.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi mwa amayi ndi abambo ndizosiyanasiyana. The etiology yachitukuko imakhazikika pamakhalidwe osayenera, kudya mafuta ochulukirapo komanso zakudya zamafuta, kusowa kwa masewera, uchidakwa komanso zina zina.

Matenda osiyanasiyana komanso matenda am'magazi angayambitse matenda obwera chifukwa cha matenda oopsa. Izi zimaphatikizira kamvekedwe ka minyewa yotupa, kusintha kwa mahomoni m'thupi, matenda a impso komanso mavuto ndi msana.

Mulingo wamagazi

Kwa amayi ndi abambo, zoyenera zovomerezeka ndizosiyana:

• Kwa amayi, chizolowezi sichiri chachikulu kuposa mayunitsi 32 / lita,
• Kwa abambo - ochepera 40 mayunitsi / lita.

Kwa ana a mibadwo yosiyana, zizolowezi zimasiyana:

• m'masiku asanu oyamba amoyo - mpaka magawo 49 / lita,
• mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi - 56,
• kuyambira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mpaka chaka - 54,
• kuyambira chaka mpaka atatu - 33,
• kuyambira zaka zitatu mpaka zisanu ndi chimodzi - 29,
• kuyambira sikisi mpaka 12 - osati kupitirira 39.

Zifukwa zakukula

Mulingo wapamwamba wa ALT umadziwika ndi zotere:

• matenda a chiwindi
• pachimake hepatitis (wamphamvu, chidakwa),
• pachimake kapamba
• chotupa chowopsa cha chiwindi kapena metastases,
• chotupa choteteza
• kuvunda kwa chotupa,
• kugunda kwamtima kwambiri
• matenda a mtima, momwe kuwonongeka kwa maselo a minofu ya mtima kumachitika (kulephera kwa mtima, myocarditis),
• amayaka
• kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa minofu.

Kukula pang'ono kumawonedwa pazochitika zotsatirazi:

• atachitidwa opaleshoni ya mtima
• Ndi mtima wosavuta,
• aakulu a chiwindi
• mafuta hepatosis
• mononucleosis.

Kuphatikiza pa pathological zomwe zimayambitsa ALT yowonjezereka, pali zakuthupi. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• zolimbitsa thupi,
• kumwa mankhwala ena (maantibayotiki, valerian, echinacea, mankhwala osokoneza bongo a anti-yotupa, njira zakulera),
• kumwa zakudya zina zomwe zimakhudza maselo a chiwindi,
• kuwonjezeka pang'ono kungawoneke mwa amayi apakati mu trimester yoyamba (izi zimadziwika kuti ndizabwinobwino),
• Zakudya zosafunikira (kupezeka kwa zakudya zamagulu akudya mwachangu, koloko, zakudya zomalizidwa).

Chofunika kwambiri ndi chidziwitso pakuwonetsa matenda a chiwindi. Mulingo wapamwamba wa ALT ndi chizindikiro cha hepatic pathology. Tsopano patha masabata 1-4 asanayambike zizindikiro m'magazi, zomwe zimapezeka mu izi zimapezeka. Pankhani ya matenda owopsa a chiwindi, amapitilira kawiri konse. Ngati mulingo wambiri ukapitirira kwa nthawi yayitali kapena pambuyo pake matendawo kukula kwake, ndiye kuti zikuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwakukuru kwa minyewa ya chiwindi.

Kusanthula kwa ALT kwawonetsedwa:

• pa matenda a chiwindi, biliary thirakiti, kapamba,
• kuthana ndi mankhwalawa a chiwindi hepatitis,
• ndi matenda osiyanasiyana a hepatic ndi hemolytic jaundice,
• ndi vuto la mtima komanso matenda ena amtima,
• ndi mafupa am'mimba,
• mukamayang'ana magazi a wopereka.

Kuwunikirako kumaperekedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zotsatirazi:

• kufooka kosalekeza
• mwachangu isanayambike kutopa
• kusadya bwino
• mkodzo wakuda ndi ndowe zowala,
• kuteteza khungu ndi mapuloteni amaso,
• ukufalikira
• kusanza, kusanza,
• kupweteka kwam'mimba.

Chiyeso cha ALT chitha kuperekedwa kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo:

• yemwe adakumana ndi wodwala matenda a chiwindi,
• akudwala matenda ashuga
• onenepa kwambiri
• chidakwa
• kumwa mankhwala okhala ndi poizoni.
• anthu omwe ali ndi cholowa chamatenda a chiwindi.

AST, kapena aspartate aminotransferase, amagwira nawo ntchito yosamutsa aspartate amino acid. Muli makamaka mumtima, chiwindi, impso, minofu.

• mwa akazi - kuyambira 20 mpaka 40 mayunitsi / lita,
• mwa amuna - kuyambira 15 mpaka 31 mayunitsi / lita,
• mu makanda (masiku 5) - mpaka 140 mayunitsi / lita,
• mwa ana ochepera zaka zisanu ndi zinayi - osaposa 55.

Choipa choyipa komanso chabwino ndi chiyani?

Nkhondo yolimbana ndi cholesterol yoipa yokwanira yakhala ikuchitika ndi madotolo amakono kwazaka zopitilira chaka. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu chimafa tsiku lililonse chifukwa cha matenda omwe amayambitsa cholesterol yowonjezera, omwe amafunikira kumvetsetsa kwathunthu momwe angathane ndi vuto lotere.

Wodwalayo amafufuza thandizo kuchokera kwa dokotala ndipo amalandila thandizo kuti akayeze magazi ake. Zojambula zotsatirazi titha kuziwona pazotsatira: kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, lipoproteins yotsika kwambiri, lipoproteins yapamwamba, triglycerides.

Cholesterol yoyipa ndi omwe amatchedwa lipoprotein otsika-osungika omwe amayikidwa pazitseko zamitsempha yamagazi ndipo angayambitse kukulitsa zovuta zazikulu. Cholesterol yoyipa imapangidwa mwachindunji m'chiwindi ndipo imapanga michere yomwe imaperekedwa m'thupi lonse. Cholesterol yowonjezera ikhoza kuyikidwa pazitseko zamitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mapangidwe a cholesterol. Ngati zoyeserera munthawi yake sizinayendetsedwe kuthetsa vutoli, zotsatirapo zake zingakhale kuphipha kwamitsempha yamagazi, komwe kumayambitsa matenda monga kugunda kwa mtima, stroko, atherosulinosis.

Cholesterol yabwino (mu kusanthula kwa magazi kosonyezedwa mu gawo la lipoproteins yapamwamba) imakuthandizani kuti muchotse cholesterol yoipa kwambiri kuchokera kumakoma amitsempha yamagazi, yomwe imalepheretsa matenda ambiri.

Nthawi ndi kupatuka kwa cholesterol

Zizindikiro zomwe sizidutsa 3.9 - 6.0 mmol zitha kutengedwa ngati chizolowezi cha cholesterol choyipa. Zizindikiro zimatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera zaka za wodwala komanso mbiri ya matenda. Mwa amayi apakati, Zizindikiro izi zitha kuwonjezeka nthawi 1.5-2, zomwe ndizomwe zimachitika. Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ndikofunikira kuti mwana wosabadwayo akhazikike mwachangu komanso mogwirizana. Mayi wamtsogolo ayenera kuyezetsa magazi pafupipafupi kuti aziyang'anira mafuta a cholesterol, otsika komanso otsika kwambiri a lipoprotein, komanso triglycerides.

Chizindikiro chotsatira ndi mgwirizano wa atherogenic, womwe umatipatsa mwayi kuti tidziwe kuchuluka kwa cholesterol "yoyipa" kuti "yabwino". Potsutsana ndi chiŵerengerochi, chiopsezo chokhala ndi atherosulinosis chikuchulukirachulukira. Zizindikiro pamenepa siziyenera kupitirira kuchuluka kwa 5.1-5.4 mmol.

Cholesterol yabwino ndi lipoprotein yapamwamba kwambiri yomwe imathandiza kuchotsa cholesterol yowonjezera ku makoma amitsempha yamagazi. Pomwe kuti zisonyezo za cholesterol yabwino ndizochepera 1.3 mmol, izi zitha kuwonetsa kuphwanya kwakukulu. Poterepa, chiwopsezo cha kukhala ndi atherosulinosis ndi kugunda kwa mtima chikuchulukirachulukira. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, mu 10% ya milandu, kufa mwadzidzidzi kumachitika chifukwa chophwanya cholesterol yabwino.

Njira yabwino ndiyomwe ili ndi cholesterol yabwino ndi yoyipa ndikwabwinobwino. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mu malo amodzi aliwonse omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa mafuta a cholesterol, pali miyezo yake, yomwe yochulukirapo imakhala yodzala ndi kukula kwa ma pathologies akulu. Zizindikiro zonsezi pamwambapa zimaperekedwa ndi labotale yapadziko lonse yomwe imayendetsa vuto la cholesterol yapamwamba.

Kugawidwa kwa cholesterol pazabwino ndi zoyipa kumakupatsani mwayi wogawa mitundu iwiri ya zinthu zomangira izi, kutengera ntchito zomwe amachita mthupi la munthu.

Kuwerengera kwa cholesterol yoipa komanso yabwino kumawonetsa kusokonezeka kwa lipid metabolism, komwe kungayambitse kukula kwa matenda otsatirawa:

• Kusokonekera kwa mtima
• Matenda a mahomoni
• Kuphwanya kwachilengedwe kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro komanso tiziwalo tamadontho totchedwa adrenal.

Gulu lachiwopsezo limaphatikizapo anthu omwe ali ndi cholowa chokhala ndi cholowa chowonjezereka cholesterol, anthu onenepa kwambiri, amuna pambuyo pa zaka 40, azimayi pa nthawi yobwerera. Komanso, chiopsezo chowonjezera cholesterol chimatha kukhalanso pakati pa omwe amasuta fodya komanso anthu omwe amamwa mowa kwambiri ndikuyamba kukhala ndi moyo wokhala.

Maphunziro kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa cholesterol iyenera kuperekedwa kwa iwo omwe ali pachiwopsezo. Makamaka, izi zimagwira ntchito kwa anthu omwe adadwala kale matenda a mtima. Odwala oterewa angafunike kukonzedwa kwakanthawi kwa ma statins ndi ma fibroic acid, komanso kuwunikira mwadongosolo madokotala.

Zambiri pazomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta abwino komanso oyipa m'zakudya zimakupatsitsani kusintha zakudya zanu zatsiku ndi nthawi ndikubweretsa zisonyezozo kuti zikhale bwino. Ngati cholesterol yoyipa yakwera, ndikofunikira kupewa kudya izi:

• Ng ombe, nkhumba, mwanawankhosa,
• Masoseji akumafakitale, zopopera, zakudya zamzitini,
• Maswiti amafuta: makeke, makeke, chokoleti,
• Zovala za saladi yamafuta, msuzi wopangidwa ndi mayonesi,
• Zinthu zamkaka zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri,
• Batala, margarine,
• Mafuta otupa ndi mazira a nkhuku amakhala ndi cholesterol yambiri, motero amalimbikitsidwa kupewa kudya izi panthawi ya mankhwala
• Kugwiritsa ntchito kirimu, bacon ndi ayisikilimu wamafuta kuyenera kusiyidwa,
• Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kukana kugwiritsa ntchito yokazinga, mchere komanso peppered.

Popeza talandira chidziwitso cha cholesterol choyipa ndi zakudya zomwe zili nacho, ndizosavuta kusintha menyu yanu tsiku ndi tsiku:

• M'malo moyenera kudya nyama yamafuta kapena ng'ombe yamphongo kapena nkhuku ndi nkhuku.
• Idyani nsomba zam'nyanja ndi mitsinje zokwanira, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa ma omega-3, omega-6 ndi omega-9 acids. Zinthu zofunikirazi zimapezekanso mumafuta ophatikizika ndi mbewu. Zogulitsa zotere zimatha kudyedwa mwa mawonekedwe oyera kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kuvala masaladi.
• Monga chovala cha saladi, m'malo mwa mayonesi wamba, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mandimu, mafuta a azitona kapena mafuta opaka, msuzi wa adyo.

Muyeneranso kukhala ndi chidziwitso cha momwe mungakulitsire cholesterol yabwino, yomwe imachotsa "yoyipa" yowonjezera pamakoma a mitsempha yamagazi.

Owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito bwino Aterol kutsitsa cholesterol. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

• Choyamba, ndikofunikira kuti muthe kukonda nyemba, zitsamba, adyo, zipatso ndi masamba.
• Maapulo ndi oats muli kuchuluka kwa pectin, komwe ndikofunikira kuti matenda a lipid metabolization akhale.
• Kuchuluka kwambiri kwa cholesterol yoyipa imapezeka muzakudya zamafuta ndi mafuta, kotero muyenera kupatsa chidwi ndi chakudya chophika kapena mbale zotentha.
• Kudya mandimu pansi ndi adyo mwachangu komanso moyenera kumatulutsa cholesterol yoyipa ndikudzutsa lipoprotein yapamwamba.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta osakwaniritsidwa omwe amapezeka m'mafuta opaka, mafuta am'madzi, zitsamba ndi ma legamu, mutha kuyeretsa mwachangu makhoma amitsempha yamagazi ndikuonjezera mphamvu ya cholesterol yathunthu m'magazi a m'magazi. Zinthu zomwe zili ndi zigawo za omega-3 zimakulitsa kuwunikira kwa makoma amitsempha yamagazi ndikulimbana bwino ndi zolembera.

Chithandizo Chapamwamba cha Cholesterol

Wodwala amafunika kutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo a dokotala komanso kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zonse.

1. Mukakhala kuti mwapita patsogolo, zingakhale zofunikira kumwa mankhwala omwe amatchinga kupanga cholesterol yoyipa mwachindunji m'thupi. Kuphatikiza apo, mungafunike kutenga ma vitamini-mineral complexes. Madokotala amalipira chidwi ndi mavitamini a gulu B. Mankhwalawa ali ndi zotsutsana zingapo komanso zoyipa, chifukwa chake, asanayambe chithandizo, ndikofunikira kudziwitsa dokotala za matenda omwe alipo ndipo ngati pakufunika, lembani mankhwalawa omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito pakadali pano.
2. Gawo lachiwiri ndikuchepetsa kumwa kwamafuta, kuphatikiza zakudya zam'madzi, nsomba za m'mitsinje ndi nsomba zam'nyanja. Mankhwala othandizira odwala amapezeka mwachangu komanso ogwira ntchito. Kuti muthandizidwe, mutha kufunsa katswiri wazakudya yemwe angakuthandizeni kusankha zakudya zoyenera komanso zoyenera. Pankhaniyi, zakudya zazovomerezeka ndizofunikira, mpaka 4-5 pa tsiku m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Wodwalayo amalimbikitsidwanso kuti azimwa madzi okwanira.
3. Gawo lachitatu ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kufunsa dokotala kuti ndi mtundu wanji wa katundu woyenera pankhaniyi. Mwambiri, zokonda zimaperekedwa pakusambira, yoga, kuthamanga.
4. Zikatere kuti wodwalayo achepa kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuti abweretsenso mwakale.

Malinga ndi malingaliro a dokotala wokhudzana ndi kapangidwe ka mankhwala ndi mankhwala othandizira kudya, zizindikiro zosokoneza zimabwereranso masiku awiri pambuyo pake. Ngati zisonyezero sizinabwerere kwawoko, kusintha kwa mankhwalawa ndikuwonjezereka kwa mankhwala kuchokera ku gulu la michere, komanso mankhwala omwe ali ndi choleretic mwina.

Pomaliza, ndikufuna kudziwa kuti cholesterol yomwe ili pansi pazomwezo ndi zoyipa ndipo imafunikira kukonza kwakanthawi. Kuperewera kwa cholesterol kungayambitse kusokonekera kwa magwiridwe antchito a ziwalo zambiri zomwe zimafuna kuperekera zakudya komanso mavitamini. Madokotala amafotokoza za ziwonetsero zachisoni: kuti kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yotsika ndi 0,5%, izi zitha kutsogolera kukula kwa matenda amtima.

Kholesterol yonse yoyipa ndi yabwino ndiyofunikira ndi thupi la munthu kuti igwire ntchito bwino komanso kusamalira moyo. Ngati pali zolakwika zilizonse zomwe zapezeka, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mulumikizane ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo.Izi zikuthandizani kuti muyambe kulandira chithandizo chanthawi yake komanso kupewa zotsatira zoyipa.

Mukatsatira malingaliro onse ofotokozedwa, kuchuluka kwa mafuta oyipa ndi abwino amabwerera mofulumira. Kuphatikiza apo, lipid kagayidwe, kagayidwe kazinthu komanso thanzi la wodwalayo likhala bwino. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ngakhale zizindikiro za cholesterol yoyipa ndi yabwino yabwerera mwakale, ndiye monga njira yodzitetezera, muyenera kupitilizabe kudya malinga ndi zomwe mukufuna, pewani kudya zakudya zoyipa ndikupewa zosokoneza.

Zoyang'ana?

Mawonekedwe a lipid amaphatikizapo zizindikiro zingapo.

Zimakuthandizani kuti mumvetsetse kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yomwe ili m'magazi.

Mwa achikulire athanzi, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kwathunthu sikukula kupitirira 5.1 mmol / L. Ngati pali vuto mu mtima, malingaliro omwe amatsimikizidwa ndi dokotala.

Kuchulukirapo kungawonetse kukula kwa atherosulinosis, kuperewera kwa mafuta m'thupi, kuchepa kwa chithokomiro, mavuto a impso, komanso matenda ashuga.

Kuchepa kwambiri - kwa chiwindi, matenda am'matumbo, kutopa (kuphatikizapo maziko azakudya), zotupa zina.

Triglycerides

Izi ndi zinthu ngati mafuta zomwe zimagwira ngati gwero lamphamvu kwa maselo onse. Gawo la triglycerides limabwera ndi chakudya, gawo lina limapangidwa ndi maselo a minofu ya adipose, chiwindi, komanso matumbo.

Osapitirira 1.7 mmol / L.

Kuchulukirapo kungasonyeze matenda a atherosulinosis komanso matenda ena a mtima, komanso matenda ena a chiwindi, impso, gout, komanso matenda ashuga.

Kuchepetsa kwambiri kumatha kuwonedwa ndi kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, matenda ena am'mapapu, chiwindi, mavuto ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, kuvulala.

Cholesterol ili m'magazi ngati gawo la tizigawo - mankhwala omwe katundu wawo amasiyanasiyana kwambiri. Pakusanthula, awiri a iwo nthawi zambiri amawunika.

Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL). Amayikidwa m'makoma amitsempha yamagazi, ndikupanga zolembera. Chifukwa cha izi, LDL imakonda kutchedwa cholesterol "yoyipa".

High Density Lipoproteins (HDL). Amachotsa cholesterol "yoyipa" m'magazi, kuipewa kuti isayikidwe m'makoma amitsempha yamagazi, komanso amathandizira kuchepetsa zolembera zomwe zikupanga kale. Ma lipoprotein otchedwa cholesterol abwino “.

HDL m'magazi a munthu wamkulu ayenera kukhala osachepera 1.0 mmol / l, m'magazi a munthu wamkulu - osachepera 1.2 mmol / l.

Chiyerekezo choyenera ndi chiyerekezo cha cholesterol "chabwino" ndi "choyipa". Mwa abambo, kuchuluka kwake kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 1: 4 (kwa 1 unit ya cholesterol "yabwino", magawo anayi a "oyipa"), mwa akazi - 1.2: 4.

Kupatuka kuchoka pazomwe zimachitika

Kuchuluka kwa LDL ndi LDL yochepa kumatha kuwonetsa kuchepa kwa magazi, kuperewera kwa mafuta m'thupi, matenda a chiwindi, komanso kuti chithandizo cha matenda amtima sichitulutsa zotsatira zomwe mukufuna.

Mlingo wamkati mwa azimayi, kutengera zaka

Pulse (kugunda kwa mtima) ndi chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri zokhudzana ndi thanzi la munthu, zomwe zimalankhula zambiri zokhudzana ndi mtima wamtima komanso thupi lonse. Chizindikirochi chimatha kusintha motsogozedwa ndi mayiko ambiri ndi zina - pakafufuzidwa zaumoyo wamunthu, ndikofunikira kuti ziziganizidwe.

• Chizindikiro chiti chomwe chimawerengedwa bwino
• Pulse pa mimba