Madzi a pancreatic

Madzi a pancreatic ndimadzi omwe kapamba amatulutsa. Imafanana ndi zamchere, zowoneka bwino, zopanda mafuta. Gland ili kumbuyo kwa peritoneum ndipo imalumikizana ndi msana pamlingo wa 1 ndi 2 vertebrae kudera lumbar. Pafupifupi, mwa munthu wamkulu, kulemera kwake ndi magalamu 80 ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 22. Zikondwererozi zimakhala ndi mutu, thupi ndi mchira. Muli ndi minyewa yakumaso ndi ma ducts. Mapeto ake, msuzi wa pancreatic umayamba kulowa duodenum. Kodi limapangidwa motani ndipo limagwira ntchito yanji mthupi? Izi zikambidwa tsopano.

Kapangidwe ka pancreatic madzi

Zotsatirazi ndi mbali yamadzimadzi a pancreatic:

• creatinine
• uric acid
• urea
• zinthu zosiyanasiyana.

Munthu amapanga pafupifupi 1.5-2 malita a pancreatic madzi patsiku. Kubisalira kumayendetsedwa ndi machitidwe amanjenje ndi endocrine. Ndi madzi ambiri a pancreatic omwe amatulutsa chitsulo, gawo lowopsa la kapamba limayamba. Ndi kusabisalira, munthu amayamba kuchepa thupi, ngakhale kuti amakhala ndi chidwi chambiri, ndipo amadya kwambiri. Izi ndichifukwa choti chakudya chimasamba bwino m'thupi. Madzi a pancreatic ali ndi gawo lalikulu pakukonza chakudya. Kuphatikizika kwake kumaphatikiza madzi kumlingo waukulu. Chifukwa chake, pafupifupi 98 peresenti imagwera pa iyo ndi 2% pazinthu zina zachilengedwe.

Madzi a pancreatic ndi ma enzyme ake

Ma Enzymes a pancreatic juice amagawidwa m'magulu awiri: organic andorganic. Zachilengedwe zimaphatikizapo:

• chymotrypsin
• trypsin
• phospholipase
• elastase
• carboxypeptidase ndi ma enzyme ena mu mawonekedwe a proenzymes omwe amatha kuphwanya mapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya chamagulu pakudya.

Ma enzyme okhala ndi zinthu monga:

Ma pancreatic enzymes amakhala andewu kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, chitsulo chimapanga trypsin inhibitor kuti kupewa kudzimbidwa kwa maselo.

Madzi a pancreatic: ntchito

Kwa munthu, kapamba ndizofunikira kwambiri ndipo amachita ntchito zambiri zofunika. Choyamba, amatulutsa madzi omwe amafunikira kugaya chakudya. Ndi katunduyu, chakudya chomwe chimalowa m'mimba chimakonzedwa ku zinthu zomwe zimagawidwa m'thupi lonse. Imayang'anira chimbudzi cha pancreatic madzi. Muli ma enzymes ofunikira onse a chimbudzi. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti acidity ya kapamba siyotsika kuposa 7.5 pH komanso osaposa 8.5 pH. Madzi a pancreatic (pancreatic juwisi) amapangidwa ndi chakudya chilichonse m'mimba ndipo amakhala chachikulu pakugaya.

Zambiri za chimbudzi

Kuti madzi a pancreatic agawidwe mokwanira komanso njira yotsekera chakudya kuti ichitike mwachangu komanso bwino, ndikofunikira kutsatira zakudya zopatsa thanzi, yesani kupewa kudya zokometsera, zokazinga ndi zamafuta. Zakudya zotere zimabweretsa gawo lochulukirapo mu ntchito zamatumbo ndi m'mimba, zomwe zimakhudza magwiridwe olakwika a kapamba.

Zolemba zamadzimadzi zomwe kapamba amapanga

Pali magawo atatu apamwamba pakapangidwe ka madzi a pancreatic:

Ubongo Zimakhazikika pamalingaliro osavomerezeka. Zokhudza zovuta:

• chakudya
• fungo lake
• njira yophikira
• kutchulidwa kwa chakudya chokoma.

Potere, madzi a pancreatic amasungidwa ndimatanthauzidwe amitsempha omwe amachokera ku ubongo wa cortex kupita ku gland. Chifukwa chake, njirayi imatchedwa kuti Reflex.

Zotsatira zosakhudzidwa za Reflex zimaphatikizapo kupanga kapangidwe ka pancreatic mukakwiya chifukwa chodya pharynx ndi patsekecheni mkamwa.

Gawo laubongo limakhala lalifupi ndipo limatulutsa timadzi tambiri, koma kuchuluka kwa ma enzyme.

Gastric Gawo ili limatengera kukhumudwitsa kwa zolandilira ndi chakudya chomwe chalowa m'mimba. Chifukwa cha izi, ma neurons amasangalala ndikulowa mu gland kudzera mu ulusi wachinsinsi, pomwe juisi imatulutsidwa motsogozedwa ndi mahomoni apadera, gastrin. Mu gawo la chapamimba, msuzi umakhala ndi mchere pang'ono ndi madzi, komanso ma enzymes ambiri.

Zam'mimba Zimadutsa mothandizidwa ndi zamanyazi komanso mitsempha. Moyang'aniridwa ndi chapamimba chomwe chimalowa mu duodenum ndi zinthu zosakwanira kuphulika kwa michere, zofunikira zimatumizidwa ku ubongo kenako kupita ku gland, chifukwa chomwe kupanga kwa pancreatic madzi kumayambira.

Mawonekedwe a pancreatic madzi

Ntchito ya proteinolytic ya chakudya cham'mimba cha kapamba ili pamlingo wokwera kwambiri kuyambira miyezi yoyamba ya moyo, ikufika pazambiri pazaka 4-6. Ntchito za lipolytic zimachuluka mchaka choyamba cha mwana. Zochita pancreatic amylase pofika kumapeto kwa chaka choyamba cha moyo zimawonjezeka maulendo 4, zikufika pazofunikira kwambiri pazaka 9.

Kufunika kwa thupi

Madzi a pancreatic ndi njira yothetsera matenda am'mimba, opangidwa ndi kapamba ndipo amawatsanulira mu duodenum kudzera mu dambo la Wirsung, komanso duct yowonjezera ndi papilla yayikulu, yaying'ono ya duodenal.

Chimbudzi cha pancreatic choyera chimapezeka mwa nyama zosagwiritsa ntchito ma fistulas osakhala achilengedwe, chubu chikamayilowetsedwa mu njira yowonongera yomwe madziwo amayenda mosakhalitsa, omwe amayimira fistulas yakanthawi.

Mukuwoneka, msuzi wa pancreatic ndi njira yodziwika bwino, yopanda utoto yomwe imakhala ndi alkali kwambiri ndipo imaperekedwa ndi bicarbonates.

Mapeto ndi kusintha kwa katulutsidwe ka pancreatic kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamanjenje ndi chinyezi, ndimatumba obisika a mitsempha yoyendayenda ndi yotulutsa, ndi septin ya mahomoni. Kulekanitsidwa kwa madzi ndi chizolowezi chomveka kumachitika:

Kuchuluka kwa madzi a kapamba omwe amapangidwa ndi kapamba ndi pafupifupi malita awiri patsiku. Pankhaniyi, kuchuluka kwa chinsinsi kumasiyanasiyana, zonse zimatengera momwe zinthu zingapo zimakhudzira.

1. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi.
2. M'badwo.
3. Zomwe zimapangidwira zakumwa zakumwa.

Pakakhala katulutsidwe kwambiri, kapamba amayamba. Pathology imayimilidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwakapweteka kapena kosalekeza kwa thupi komwe kumadziwika ndi chinsinsi ichi - kapamba. Kupanda kuchuluka kwa madzi a pancreatic kumatha kupangitsa kuti mukhale ndi chidwi chofuna kudya.

Koma nthawi imodzimodzi, mosasamala kanthu za kuchuluka kwa chakudya, munthu samayambiranso kuchira, popeza zakudya zomwe zimadyedwa mokwanira sizimakumwa ndi thupi.

Kutengera ndi voliyumu yotulutsidwa ndi kapamba wamadzi a pancreatic, izi zimapangidwa:

• Kupasuka ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa chakudya kumlingo waukulu kapena wocheperako, womwe umatsimikiziridwa ndi gawo la adsorption la michere ya madzi,
• malo opindulitsa amapangidwa kwa ma enzymes, omwe amapereka malo oti azitha kuyamwa.

Kupatula kwa msuzi wa P. kumachitika mokakamizidwa ndi madzi a 225 mm. Pamimba yopanda kanthu ndipo pakumenyedwa kwa njala palibe kuchotsera kwachinsinsi, kumachitika kwakanthawi pambuyo podyera ndikufikira mofulumira chizindikiro chake, kenako kumachepera ndipo pakatha maola 10 amakula kuyambira pakuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya.

Pancreatic secretion ndi njira yotsutsana ndi madzi m'mimba, yankho lomwe limakhala ndimwadzidzidzi wamchere, likuthandizira kuyambitsa kwake.

Kuphatikizika kwa katulutsidwe kapamba.

1. Madzi - ndiye chinthu chachikulu cha madzi a pancreatic - 98%.
2. Amylase - kapamba amafanana ndi ptalin yachinsinsi, koma momwe amagwirira ntchitoyo amakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, amasinthidwa kukhala glucose ndi chakudya chowopsa komanso chonyowa. Kuphwanya ntchito yaimbirayi m'magazi kumafotokoza matenda a kapamba.
3. Steapsin - imatsogolera pakupanga sopo, chifukwa mafuta amafuta, omwe amapangidwa ndi cleavage iyi, amalumikizana ndi alkali m'matumbo amatulutsa ndikupanga sopo, komwe ndikofunikira pakufalitsa mafuta.
4. Trypsin ndi enzyme yomwe imasintha ma polypeptides kukhala peptone. Zochita zake zimachitika ngati gawo la alkali. Ma polypeptides mothandizidwa ndi enzymeyi amadzilowa mu glutathione, pang'onopang'ono kutsanulira peptone, yomwe ili yosiyana kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe a peptones osavuta, omwe amapangidwa ndi chinsinsi cha m'mimba. Chimbudzi ndi gawo lachilengedwe lothandizira kupatuka kwa katulutsidwe ka pancreatic. Mapuloteni samapangidwa kokha ndi maselo a gland, koma amapangidwa kuchokera ku proenzyme, amatchedwa trypsinogen, yomwe imapangidwa ndi proteinheliasis yochepetsedwa ndi enteropeptidase.
5. Aminopeptidase, carboxypeptidase - amayang'anira dongosolo logaya chakudya la parietal.
6. Collagenase, elastase - ndizofunikira pakugaya kwa collagen ndi ulusi wa elastic womwe umapezeka mgulu lazakudya.
7. Chymotrypsin - imathandiza kuthana ndi mapuloteni omwe amalowa mthupi.
8. Mucus - amafunikira kuti muchepetse msuzi wa chakudya ndikuyika chakudya chilichonse.

Mu malo osakhalitsa, ma enzyme amapanga kutulutsa kwa maselo a gland, monga ma proenzymes, izi zimawopseza kuperewera kwa gawo palokha. Mphamvu yawo imawonedwa pamatumbo. Mukayamba kuchulukana kwa ma enzymes, kudwala kokhazikika - chikhansa chachikulu cha pancreatitis. Kuphatikiza pa ma enzyme, kapangidwe kake ka madzi kamayimiriridwa ndi:

• bicarbonate
• sodium kolorayidi
• potaziyamu
• sulfates.

Kusangalala ndi chiwalo kumathandizira kuti masinthidwe achilengedwe komanso mafuta asinthe.

Kuphatikiza apo, imfa ya wodwalayo imawonedwa kuchokera pakupanga shuga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kwa glucose, komanso mitundu yonse ya metabolism (Mehring, Minkowski).

Ntchito yogaya zakudya

Pazinthu zazikuluzikulu zachitetezo cha pancreatic, pali:

• Kugaya kokugaya kumayambira m'matumbo aang'ono,
• kuphwanya zakudya
• imakumba chakudya chosagawika m'mimba ndikuyima pafupi ndi villi ya m'mimba yaying'ono,
• imasinthira michere yokugaya ku gawo logwira,
• amapanga ndi kufewetsa msuzi wa chakudya.

Kuchokera pamenepa ndikofunikira kunena kuti pancreatic organ juice ndiyofunikira mumimba, imathandizira pakuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya, kutsuka kwamatumbo, ndikuwongolera gawo lomwe wadyalo.

Pakakhala matenda m'thupi ndipo mapangidwe amadzi amayamba kuchepa, kuphwanya izi kumachitika. Kubwezeretsa chakudya chamagulu, wodwalayo amasankhidwa ndi enzyme. Pancreatitis ikakhala yayikulu kapena matenda ena atakhazikika, ndiye kuti kapamba ayenera kutengedwa ndi wodwala moyo wake wonse.

Mphamvu ya chakudya pa kapamba wamadzi a pancreatic

Pakupuma, kapamba samatulutsa madzi a kapamba. Pakudya ndi pambuyo pake, zotulukazo zimakhala mosalekeza. Madzi a pancreatic, kuchuluka kwake, amagwira ntchito mogwirizana ndi kugaya chakudya, komanso nthawi yotsatila zimadalira phindu la chakudya ndi kapangidwe kake. Madzi a pancreatic amapangidwa mokulira podya mkate ndi zophika mkate. Zochepera pang'ono nyama, komanso zochepa zamkaka. Pancreatic fluid, yomwe imagawidwa pokonza nyama ndi nyama, imakhala yamchere kwambiri kuposa yomwe imapangidwa ndi zinthu zina. Mukamadya zakudya zamafuta, msuzi womwe umapangidwa umakhala ndi lipase katatu kuphatikizira ndi mbale zam nyama).

Pakatikati mwa dongosolo logaya chakudya lili ndi mawonekedwe ovuta, zigawo zake zimapezeka m'malo ambiri a ubongo. Zonsezi ndizolumikizana. Chimbudzi chamagawo chili ndi ntchito zambiri. Zina mwaizi zitha kusiyanitsidwa monga:

• amatenga nawo gawo pa kayendedwe ka mota, mayamwidwe ndi ntchito zachinsinsi,
• imapereka chizindikiro cha njala, kumverera kwodzaza ndi ludzu.

Njala ndi kukhalapo kwa zomverera chifukwa cha kufunika kwa kudya. Zimakhazikitsidwa ndi Refonditioned Reflex yoperekedwa kwa kapamba kuchokera ku dongosolo lamanjenje. Ndikofunika kudya m'magawo ang'onoang'ono mpaka kasanu patsiku. Kenako kapambayo adzagwira ntchito molondola komanso popanda cholephera.

Kupeza

Corvizar anali woyamba kutsimikizira kupezeka kwa P. madzi a enzyme yomwe imatembenuza mapuloteni kukhala ma peptones, Valentine adanenanso za enzyme ya diastatic yomwe imasanduliza starch kukhala shuga ya mphesa, ndi, Claude Bernard - kwa enzyme yomwe imayamwa mafuta, mwachitsanzo, imawaphwanya kukhala glycerol ndi mafuta acids. Kafukufuku wotsatira adakwanitsa kupatula ma enzyme amtunduwu kuchokera ku madzi a P. mu njira yokhayokha, mwina mwa gawo pang'ono, kapena kuwatulutsa ndi ma sol sol osiyanasiyana.

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