Insulin yowonjezera ndi kuchepa: ndi chiyani, zizindikiro ndi matenda

The insulin ya mahomoni amatenga nawo gawo mu kagayidwe ka lipids, shuga, amino acid, ndipo amathandizanso ku anabolic, imalepheretsa lipolysis. Ma boti a Langerhans omwe amapezeka mu kapamba ndi omwe amapanga insulin m'magazi.

Kupanga kwa hormone kumayamba ndi kuwonjezeka kwa glucose mpaka 100 mg / deciliter kapena apamwamba, omwe amawonekera atatha kudya. Udindo waukulu wa insulin ndikuchotsa shuga wambiri m'magazi.

Kuonjezera insulin m'magazi imayambitsa kukula kwa matenda a mtima, kuchepa kwa minofu, minyewa yolumikizika, kuthamanga kwambiri. Ndi insulin yambiri kwambiri, chikomokere chimachitika, chomwe chitha kupha.

Kusowa kwa insulini kulinso koopsa; kumayambitsa kulephera kwa impso, kusokonezeka kwamanjenje, komanso matenda a shuga. Kuperewera kwa insulin kumatha kukhala pancreatic (pali kusintha m'maselo a kapamba) komanso osakanikirana (samatengera ntchito ya kapamba).

Odwala omwe alibe mawonekedwe a pancreatic, insulin imapangidwa nthawi zambiri, koma nthawi zina yowonjezera. Pankhaniyi, zochitika za mahomoni zimasokonekera, mawonekedwe ake pamatumbo, maselo a ma cell.

Yaikulu katundu insulin

Insulin ndiyofunikira kuti ilimbikitse kupanga, mapuloteni amachititsa kuti ma ribosomes apange. Pamene insulin m'magazi sikokwanira, ma ribosomes sagwira ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, insulin imagwira ntchito zotsatirazi:

1. amalepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni,
2. imathandizira kubisika kwa glycogen, yomwe imathandizira kuti pakhale shuga m'magulu a shuga,
3. amatenga nawo gawo pazonyamula amino acid,
4. zimawonjezera kupanga mafuta achilengedwe m'chiwindi,
5. amayambitsa kupanga cholesterol.

Udindo wina wa insulin ndikuletsa kuwonongeka kwa lipids, m'malo mwa mafuta, mahomoni amasokoneza chakudya, kutseka lipase, yomwe imayambitsa kuphwanya mafuta.

Kuperewera kwa insulin kumatha kuwonedwa pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, makamaka chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya, kudya kwambiri mafuta, komanso kumwa mafuta ochulukirapo.

Zilinso zosafunikira kwenikweni zomwe zingayambitse kuchepa kwa insulini kukhala nthawi zovuta, matenda opatsirana, matenda opatsirana, kulimbitsa thupi kwambiri kapena kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso.

Ntchito ya insulin m'thupi la munthu

Udindo wake wogwira ntchito ndikuwonetsetsa kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi a anthu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chakudya chizikhala ndi mpweya wokwanira. Mkulu wa glucose akaposa kuchuluka kwina, kapamba amayamba kupanga insulin kwambiri.

Amamanga shuga ochulukirapo ndikuwapereka ku gawo lotchedwa glycogen depot - minofu kapena adipose minofu. Kulowetsa minofu ya minofu, glucose imasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu yosungira ntchito, ndipo ikalowa m'maselo amafuta, imasandulika mafuta, yomwe imayikidwa ndikudziunjikira m'thupi.

Nthawi zambiri pamakhala zochitika zotere pamene ma bullets a Langerhans sangathe kupanga kuchuluka kwamahomoni amenewa kapena kuwapangira osakwanira. Zochita za maselo a pancreatic zimatha kupondereza chitetezo chathupi. Kupanda kupanga bwino kwa timadzi timeneti, shuga m'magazi amakwera, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a endocrine system monga matenda a shuga.

Kumbuyoko mu 1922, adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito timadzi ta jakisoni munjira ya jakisoni wa odwala matenda a shuga. Mankhwala oterewa ndi abwino kwambiri ndipo mpaka pano ndi njira yothandiza yolimbana ndi matendawa.
Kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi kumatha kuyambitsa zotsatirazi:

1. Kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi, i.e. kukula kwa hyperglycemia. Kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kapena kusapezeka kwake kumabweretsa kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi, omwe samatumizidwa pambuyo pake kupita ku minofu ya thupi la munthu. Zotsatira zake, maselo samasowa. Zikatero, odwala amapezeka ndi mtundu woyamba wa matenda a shuga. Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli amafunika jakisoni wamoyo. Pali nthawi zina pamene mahomoni amapangidwa mokwanira, koma sangathe kukwaniritsa ntchito zake. Kuperewera kwa insulini kotereku kumatchedwa kukana ndipo kumawoneka ngati kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga a mtundu 2. Uwu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa matenda ashuga.
2. Pali mkodzo wowonjezereka, kuchuluka kwake kumawonjezeka usiku. Mulingo wa glucose m'magazi ukakwera, pang'onopang'ono umatulutsidwa mkodzo. Glucose imatenga madzi ndimadzi, chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa mkodzo kumawonjezeka (polyuria).
3. Pali malingaliro akumva ludzu losalekeza (polydipsia). Izi zikuchitika chifukwa chakuwonjezereka kwa kufunika kwa madzi am'madzi pofuna kubwezeretsa madzi mu mkodzo.

Komabe, sikuti nthawi zonse gawo lotsika la mahomoni limatsagana ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga. Nthawi zina kupanga kwambiri ma mahomoni opanga kungachepetse zomwe zili ndi insulini, komanso shuga wabwinobwino wamagazi.

Insulin yotsika imachitika mukamamwa mankhwala a antihypertensive (omwe ali ndi beta-adrenergic blockers). Komanso, gawo lalikulu pakupanga insulin imaseweredwa ndi moyo komanso zakudya.

Zinthu zamkati ndi zakunja zomwe zimachepetsa insulin

1. Kuphwanya zakudya ndi kuzunza zakudya zopanda pake ndi zakudya zopanda pake, kudya kwambiri. Kulandila kwa chakudya komwe kumakhala chakudya chamafuta ambiri (shuga, ufa woyera). Pofuna kuthana ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga, kapamba amayamba kupanga insulin. Pamene insulini sikokwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale shuga.
2. Kukhalapo kwa matenda osachiritsika ndi matenda. Matendawa amateteza chitetezo cha mthupi, chimalipira zonse, kufooka kwa chitetezo chathupi kumachitika.
3. Nthawi zambiri zopsinjika, chisangalalo chamanjenje. Kutengera zakumbuyo zakupsinjika, kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi kumatha kuchepa. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chotulutsidwa m'magazi aanthu ambiri amantha - adrenaline, omwe ndi zinthu zotsutsana. Kuwongolera momwe mukumvera kumathandizira kukhala ndi insulin yachilendo.
4. Matenda a endocrine system (hypopituitarism).
5. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso kapena, mwakutero, kusapezeka kwawo kwathunthu kungayambenso kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi.

Kodi ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi?

Nthawi zina palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa za dontho limodzi lama insulin. Mwa achinyamata, ndipo ngakhale ndi kusala kudya kwa maola 12, kuchuluka kwa insulini ndizotsatira zoyenera. Koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti zake ziyenera kukhala pamlingo kotero kuti zimapereka kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Ndikothekanso kukulitsa insulini mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala a insulin komanso kumwa mankhwala otsekemera, komanso mankhwala omwe amabwezeretsa chitetezo cha m'thupi komanso amateteza matenda a m'thupi.

Low insulini yokhala ndi shuga wabwinobwino imayambitsa kuphwanya kwakukulu kwa kagayidwe ka thupi ka munthu. Kenako, izi zimatha kubweretsa kukula kwa shuga, glucosuria ndi ketosis.

Insulin ndi mahomoni opangidwa mu kapamba, m'thupi momwe mumakhala gawo la glucose m'magazi. Zimakhudzanso kagayidwe kachakudya m'thupi lathu.

Kuopsa kochepetsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni

Insulin yotsika ndi imodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga.Ndikusowa kwa timadzi timeneti, kudalira insulini kumatha kukula - chinthucho chimayenera kubayidwa nthawi zonse m'thupi la wodwalayo kuti chikhalebe chokwanira mumagazi. Kulephera kumakhudza kwambiri moyo wa thupi. Maselo amisempha, yochepa kuchuluka kwa glucose, amayamba kuyang'ana magwero ena kuti apange mphamvu. Mafuta amtunduwu m'malo mwake amakhala ndi mafuta. Popita nthawi, zinthu zake zowola zimadziunjikira m'thupi mokulira ndipo zimapangitsa kukomoka ndi kufa chifukwa cha kuledzera.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kumatsitsidwa, kuphwanya kwamphamvu kwamchere wamchere kumachitika, zomwe zingayambitse kuchepa kwakukulu kwa magazi. Chifukwa cha izi, magazi omwe amapezeka ku ziwalo zonse, kuphatikizapo ubongo, amasokonezeka.

Matenda a shuga a Type 1, omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusowa kwa insulin chifukwa cha kukanika kwa khungu, ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa anthu aku US. Popanda kulandira chithandizo chofunikira, wodwalayo amatha kukhala ndi moyo zaka 20. Ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa jakisoni wa mahomoni kapena kutsata kwamlomo, mutha kukhala ndi moyo zaka pafupifupi 50.

Zizindikiro za Insulin Yochepa

Ndi mulingo wocheperako wa timadzi timeneti m'magazi, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zitha kuwoneka:

1. Mwazi wamagazi ambiri. Ngati insulin ndi yocheperapo kapena yopangidwa nkomwe, glucose amasiya kutumizidwa m'maselo, otsalira m'magazi. Maselo amayamba kuyang'ana gwero lina la zakudya. Izi zimatchedwa shuga 1 mtundu. Odwala ayenera kulandira jakisoni wokhazikika wa mahomoni.
   Nthawi zina vutoli silili mu kusowa kwa insulin yokha, koma kuphwanya momwe amagwirizanirana ndi ma cell receptors, omwe amalepheretsa kuchita ntchito zake. Izi zimayambitsa matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri, omwe ndi matenda.
2. Kuchuluka kwa mkodzo kumawonjezeka. Kukweza kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumabweretsa kuti amatunga madzi kuchokera mthupi, izi zimabweretsa polyuria - kuchuluka kwamkodzo.
3. Kumva ludzu pafupipafupi. Chifukwa chowonjezera pakumwa madzi ndi thupi, wodwalayo nthawi zambiri amamva ludzu, komwe ndi njira yachilengedwe yopangidwira madziwo.

Insulin Yokwera: zimayambitsa ndi zizindikiro za insulin yowonjezereka

Aliyense wamva lero za matenda oyipa - matenda a shuga - ndi insulin yomwe imafunikira chithandizo, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi odwala onse monga chithandizo chamankhwala.

Mwa anthu omwe akudwala matendawa, insulin, monga lamulo, mwina singapangidwe popanda chilichonse, kapena sangathe kugwira ntchito iliyonse.

Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane tanthauzo la insulini ndi momwe limakhudzira thupi la munthu.

Kodi insulin ndi chiyani

Choyamba, ndikofunikira kuzindikira: insulini ndi mahomoni opangidwa ndi kapamba. Maselo a Endocrine ali ndi udindo wopanga.

Lero ali ndi dzina la zisumbu za Langerhans.

Ngati muyang'ana kapamba wa munthu aliyense wamkulu, mutha kuwerengera mpaka miliyoni miliyoni, ntchito yayikulu yomwe ndi yogwira, yopanga insulini yofunikira nthawi zonse.

Insulin ndi mahomoni osavuta okhala ndi puloteni. Imagwira ntchito zingapo zofunika. M'matumbo am'mimba, sangathe kulowamo kuchokera kunja, chifukwa adzakumbidwa nthawi yomweyo molingana ndi malamulo onse, komanso zinthu zina zomwe zimasiyana mu protein.

Kasitomala akupanga mwachangu insulin. Mukatha kudya, nthawi yomweyo, thupi limatha kuwapatsa kuchuluka komwe munthu amafunikira.

Ndikofunikira kukambirana mwatsatanetsatane za momwe insulin yowonjezereka ingakhudzire thupi.

Zomwe Zimapangitsa Insulin Kukulira

Ngati thupi lili ndi insulin yokwanira mokwanira, ndiye kuti izi zimatengera chakudya chamtundu wambiri womwe uli ndi chakudya chamagulu ambiri.

Kuchulukitsa kwa timadzi timeneti pakuchitika kumatha kuyambitsidwa ndi njala masiku angapo, kumwa mankhwalawa, komanso zinthu zovuta kwa munthu.

Kuti mumuuze molondola dokotalayo ngati mwakulitsa insulin kapena ayi, muyenera kupita ku chipatala komwe mungapereke magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha.

Madokotala amati insulin imadzuka mwachangu, maola angapo itatha kudya. Pazifukwa izi, ndikofunikira kuyesa mayeso pamimba yopanda kanthu. Mukutanthauza: kukawunika, magazi adzatengedwa ku chipatala kawiri. Nthawi yoyamba mukutsimikiza, ndipo chachiwiri - maola angapo mutamwa gawo lofunikira la shuga.

Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa momwe kapamba angakhalire. Malinga ndi zotsatira za kusanthula, ndizotheka kudziwa osati kokha ngati wodwala ali ndi matenda a shuga kapena ayi, komanso mtundu wa matenda.

Aliyense amadziwa kuti choyambitsa chachikulu cha kuchuluka kwa mahomoni ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, ngati insulin yokwezeka imakhazikika mwa mtsikana, ndiye kuti amatha kudwala matenda a chiwindi, a Cushing's syndrome.

Komanso, ngati insulin yayikulu idakhazikitsidwa, izi zitha kuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa ma neoplasms osiyanasiyana mu ma adrenal gland, kapamba. Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti mumkhalidwe wopsinjika ndi kupsinjika mosalekeza kumachepetsedwa. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ngati obweretsa insulin yayikulu mthupi.

Zizindikiro za insulin yowonjezereka

Ndikwabwino ngati mutha kudziwa insulini yoyambira m'mayambiriro a matendawo. Kenako thupi lilibe nthawi yoti achite zovuta za matenda. Kuti muwone ngati mulingo wa insulin ukuwonjezeka m'thupi kapena ayi, ndikokwanira kuti adotolo kuchipatala azilankhula ndi munthuyo, kuti adziwe kuti ndi mndandanda uti wa machitidwe omwe amasamala nawo.

Insulin yokwera imakhala ndi zizindikiro zingapo:

• kutopa kosalekeza
• kulephera kuyang'ana pa chilichonse
• kuthamanga
• kuwonda pafupipafupi
• khungu lamafuta amthupi ndi nkhope,
• seborrhea, dandruff.

Ngati mungazindikire kuti zingapo mwazizindikiro zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa zimawonedwa m'thupi, ndiye pamenepa, ndikofunikira kuyesa mayeso okhudzana ndi shuga m'magazi. Ngati wodwalayo amadandaula kuti nthawi zina amakhala ndi vuto la hypoglycemia, ndiko kuti, kuchepa kwadzidzidzi kwa shuga, amatha kupatsidwa zakudya zapadera.

Kusungitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, njira yothetsera shuga imagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano. Mutha kugula pafupi ndi mankhwala aliwonse, komabe, mudzafunika kutumizidwa kuchokera kwa dokotala monga chitsimikiziro cha matendawa.

Momwe mungachepetse insulin yamagazi ndi mankhwala othandizira

Chizindikiro cha alamu sichingowonjezereka, komanso chotsitsa insulin m'mwazi. Nthawi zambiri, odwala amafuna kudziwa momwe angachepetse insulin ya magazi asanafike adokotala okha? Choyamba, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, kutengapo mbali zomwe adokotala adapereka kuti akhale athanzi.

Chizindikiro cha kupezeka kwa mahomoni m'magazi ndichakuti kuyambira 5.5 mpaka 10 μU / ml. Ngati muchita kusanthula pamimba yopanda kanthu, chizindikirocho chitha kufikira 27 μU / ml. Zojambula zitha kuonedwa mu atsikana akuyembekezera mwana, anthu atakalamba kale.

Kuyeza kwa kuchuluka kwa insulin m'thupi kumayenera kuchitika kokha pamimba yopanda kanthu. Munthu akangodya, kuchuluka kwa insulin nthawi zambiri kumakwera kwambiri.

Ndikupezeka kuti mutakhala ndi kadzutsa, ndikupereka magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha, kuwunikaku sikuyenera kukhala kolondola.

Chofunikira ndikuti kuchuluka kwa insulin kumatha kuchitika mwa achinyamata atatha kudya.

Madokotala ambiri akuti: ngati kusanthula kunawonetsa pafupifupi 11.5 μU / ml, kumatanthauza mkhalidwe womwe umatchedwa prediabetesic.Mutha kulankhula bwinobwino za chiyambi cha chitukuko cha matenda a shuga.

Momwe mungachepetse insulin yokwera

Nthawi zina pamachitika zinthu zina, poganiza mwakuwunika, kuchuluka kwa glucose amalembedwa, komabe, insulini m'magazi athupi ndiyabwino kwambiri, imagwirizana ndi zonse zomwe zikuwonetsedwa muupangiri wa zamankhwala.

Kenako muyenera kulabadira zaumoyo, chifukwa kuwunikaku kumawonetsa kuti shuga ikhoza kuwoneka posachedwa. Kukhala moyo wongokhala kumakhala zotsatira zakulemera, metabolic syndrome.

Ndi akatswiri ake endocrinologists omwe amasankha ngati boma la prediabetes.

Pali mkhalidwe wa thupi momwe umalephera kuzindikira insulin. Izi ndiye chiyambi cha metabolic syndrome. Makinawo amayambika muzochitika pamene munthu adya chakudya chokoma kwambiri. Kwa thupi, misempha yambiri ya insulin imangokhala chizolowezi.

Ngakhale kuti kapamba amatulutsa timadzi tambiri tambiri tambiri timene timatulutsa, glucose sangatengeke bwino m'thupi nthawi zonse. Izi zimakhala zotsatira zosalephera. Nthawi zina izi zimachitika chifukwa chokana mosavuta kwa fructose chifukwa chobadwa nawo.

Ngati mukufuna njira yochepetsera insulini m'magazi, muyenera kudziwa: kagayidwe kamatha kugwira ntchito, ndipo glucose imatha kulowa minofu. Zonse zomwe zikufunika ndikuyambitsa masewera olimbitsa thupi mosalekeza, pangani chisankho chokomera zakudya zoyenera m'moyo wanu.

Kupewa komanso chithandizo

Chithandizo cha matendawa chimapuma, ngati zinthu zambiri mdziko lapansi pazipilala zazikulu zitatu: kuyeserera kwakuthupi, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kudya. Pomwe zifukwa zazikuluzikulu za kuchuluka kwa insulini zizindikirika, dokotala amatha kudziwa njira yoyendetsera chithandizo chotsatira.

Chithandizo cha mankhwala

Kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumakhala chifukwa chosowa madzi ambiri, komwe kumayambitsa kuphwanya kagayidwe kazinthu, ndipo nthawi zina zotsatira zake zimakhala zowopsa.

Zoyenera kuchita kuti muchepetse insulin? Choyamba, adotolo adzalembera mankhwala osiyanasiyana omwe cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa liwulo m'thupi. Kuthandizira moyenera insulin yambiri m'magazi, mankhwala angagwiritsidwe ntchito omwe amachepetsa chilimbikitso, kupanikizika ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana za metabolic zomwe zingathandize shuga.

Chithandizo chamtunduwu chitha kutumizidwa ndi dokotala ndipo pokhapokha mayeso atamalizidwa ku chipatala. Pasakhale ufulu aliyense payekha pazinthu izi. Kupanda kutero, mutha kukhala pachiwopsezo kuchiritsa matenda ena ndikupatsanso matenda ena.

Njira inanso yodziwika yochepetsera kuchuluka kwa insulin ndi zakudya zomwe dokotala am'patsa kuchipatala. Chifukwa cha zakudya zopangidwa bwino, simungathe kupewa matenda a shuga, komanso zotsatirapo zake zosiyanasiyana.

Malamulo akuluakulu pokonza zakudya ndi motere:

• Kukana kwathunthu zakumwa zingapo zakumwa zoledzeretsa.
• Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwamchere m'mbale.
• Kutumiza kuchepetsedwa kwa kukula komanso kuwerengera kwamkati uliwonse wa chakudya.
• Kukana chakudya mwachangu.

Masewera olimbitsa thupi

Zachidziwikire, palibe amene anganene kuti kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumatha kusintha njira ychithandizo, koma kudzakhala kothandiza monga chakudya, komanso kumakongoletsa mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo. Ndikofunika ndikungogwirizanitsa zovuta za masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe amapezeka ndi adokotala anu kuti mupewe zotsatira zoyipa.

Pomaliza, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti chaka chilichonse asayansi amapeza njira zambiri zosinthira moyo kwa anthu omwe akudwala matenda ashuga, koma kuti asatembenukire kwa iwo, ndibwino kuyesa kuletsa kukula kwa matendawa kumayambiriro.

Zomwe zimayambitsa ndi zizindikiro za insulin yowonjezereka m'magazi, momwe mungachepetse gawo la mahomoni

Ma mahomoni m'thupi amatenga gawo lofunikira pofulumira kapena kuchepetsa mphamvu ya maselo, kuwongolera mauthenga a neural, komanso kukhudza mayamwidwe a mapuloteni ndi zinthu zina. Mwanjira imodzi, amasunga chamoyo mogwirizana.

Insulin ndi timadzi tating'onoting'ono ta polypeptide timene timatulutsidwa ndi ma cell a gancular cell. Amagwira nawo ntchito yoyendetsa ndikusunga shuga. Kuphatikiza apo, timadzi tating'onoting'ono timene timayendetsa thupi kuti lizitha kudziunjikira kapena kumaliza.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuphwanya kaphatikizidwe kapena kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi kumayambitsa matenda a shuga, pomwe maselo sangathe kuyamwa pawokha ndikupanga mamolekyulu a mphamvu a ATP kuti apume komanso kutulutsa.

Limagwirira aimpso glucose amatenga

Zimayambitsa kuphwanya kwamphamvu dongosolo la glucose: poyambirira, matenda a autoimmune omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mapuloteni a pancreatic protein. Izi zimadzetsa kuti glucose yemwe amalowa m'magazi samalowa mu khungu, chifukwa ma cell a insulin alibe chilichonse choti angayambitse.

Mwanjira ina, pali kuchepa kwa chidwi cha masanjidwe oyanjana nawo, ndipo ngakhale ndi kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi, mwayi wopezeka mu cell sutsegulidwanso.

Zoyambitsa ndi zotsatira za kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi

Zitha kukhala zododometsa, koma insulini yayikulu imapangitsa kuti mafuta azikhalapo mosalekeza, imathandizira kupezeka kwa glucose (glycogen) m'chiwindi.

Timadzi timeneti timakhudzanso kutulutsa kwa glucose kochitidwa ndi minofu ya minofu. Ndi kusachita ntchito komanso kusowa kwa minofu kupsinjika - kufunika kwa mphamvu kumachepa.

Ndipo pazifukwa izi, minofu yamafuta imayamba kupambananso minofu yamafuta (mafuta a minofu atrophy).

Kodi kukweza insulini m'mwazi kumatanthauza chiyani? Kuchuluka kwa mamolekyulu a insulin kumadalira kwambiri kuchuluka kwa shuga m'mitsempha yayikulu yamitsempha. Ndi kuvutitsidwa kwa chakudya chama carbohydrate (makamaka chakudya champhamvu kwambiri - zotsekemera, ufa, mowa), kapangidwe kake kamawonjezereka.

Kudya shuga pafupipafupi kumabweretsa ntchito yayikulu yama cell a pancreatic ndipo kumadzetsa insulin yambiri mthupi. Palibenso nthawi yopumula yogulitsa ziwalo - pang'onopang'ono ma cell a ma cell (Langerhans), omwe amapanga insulin yambiri poyamba, siyani kugwira ntchito molondola kapena osapereka mahomoni konse.

Mofananamo, chidwi cha insulin receptors chimachepa, ndipo ngakhale ndi kuchuluka kwambiri kwa timadzi m'magazi, njira zopangira shuga zimatseguka. Zomwe zimayambitsa mphamvu za njala. Pofuna kubwezeretsa chidwi chathu ziyenera kuletsa shuga kulowa mthupi kwakanthawi.

Komabe, kusapezeka kwa glucose kudya ndi chakudya kumakhudza kwambiri kagayidwe ka lipid komanso kuchepa kwa mafuta m'thupi. Ngati insulin ili pamwamba kwambiri, imalepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa minofu ya adipose.

Makhalidwe osokoneza thupi a Hormone

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga achulukane komanso kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi ndi shuga komanso zakudya zopezeka kwambiri m'thupi. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika kwa chakudya chotere sikumangotulutsa ziphuphu, komanso mavuto a metabolic ambiri. Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimachititsanso kuti matendawa azigwira bwino, zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi:

• Kutalika nthawi yayitali, osati kuthekera msanga komanso kudya. Kudya kwambiri mwadzidzidzi kuchokera ku chakudya - sinthani zomwe zili ndi insulin.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso, kupsinjika kwa m'maganizo ndi m'malingaliro komanso kupsinjika pakatopa. Mavuto okhala ndi nkhawa amachititsa kudya maswiti nthawi zonse (chokoleti, maswiti, makeke).
• Zomwe zimachitika ndi izi: kunenepa kwambiri kosiyanasiyana komwe kumakhala ndi moyo wongokhala. Zochitika zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi m'matumbo, kulephera kwa aimpso.
• Kuperewera kwa Vitamini E ndi kufufuza chromium. Vitamini E amalimbitsa gawo la cell ndikuliteteza ku oxidation. Izi zifukwa zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni.

Zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga asamagwiritse ntchito kwambiri ndizopweteka zam'mimba, matenda, ndi makhansa. Momwe mudzaonjezere insulin m'magazi.

Zizindikiro za Insulin Yaikulu Ya magazi

Hyperisulemia sikuti imangokhudza kuphwanya kwamphamvu mu thupi, komanso imasintha kapangidwe ka magazi, kapangidwe ka mitsempha yamagazi, ntchito yamtima ndi ubongo. Zizindikiro pamene insulin ikwezedwa:

• Kumverera kosaletseka kwa njala, mutakhuta, chodabwitsa chimatha kubwereranso. Ndipo pitilizani kuzungulira nthawi yonseyo.
• Kuchokera kumbali yamanjenje - kufooka kwa minofu, kukokana, kusokonezeka kukumbukira ndi kuganiza. Kulakalaka kugona nthawi zonse. Kuzunza kwadzaoneni, zizindikiro za matenda a dementia.
• Kuchulukitsa kwa kupsinjika.
• Khungu lamafuta, tsitsi.
• Kuchiritsa kwakutali kwa mabala, mabala.

Kuchuluka kwa insulini komanso kuchuluka kwa mafuta munthawi yamafuta osagwiritsidwa ntchito kumakhala chifukwa cha atherosulinosis yamatumbo - cholesterol "choyipa" chimamatira kukhoma la endothelium.

Chifukwa chake, makhoma awo amasiya kukhala osalala, mapulateleti amakangamira pamapangidwe omwe alipo. Sitimazo zimasweka, pang'ono kapena pang'ono. Kutaya ntchito yawo yoyendetsa maselo ammagazi otsala.

Zizindikiro zakuchuluka kwa insulin kumabweretsa malire pafupi ndi mtundu wa 2 shuga.

Momwe mungachepetse insulin

Njira yayikulu yochepetsera kuchuluka kwa insulin ndikugwiritsa ntchito mamolekyulu a glucose ndikuthamanga metabolism.

1. Kugwiritsa ntchito zolimbitsa thupi (komanso kudya zakudya zamagulu owonjezera) kuwonjezera mphamvu yama cell a minofu.
2. Sinthani chakudya chamagulu ochulukirapo - chotsani mafuta ochulukirapo pang'ono, yambitsani chakudya pang'onopang'ono m'zakudya, zomwe zimachotsa insulin yambiri m'magazi - chimanga (chimanga, mkate wa chinangwa).
3. Ngati insulin m'magazi ndi yokwera, muyenera kulowa mavitamini tsiku ndi tsiku, makamaka vitamini E ndi chromium. Mtedza ndi mafuta a azitona ali ndi mavitamini E, zinthu zina zopindulitsa zomwe zimapezeka mu nsomba zam'madzi.
4. M'malo shuga wokhazikika ndi wina wachilengedwe - uchi, zipatso, ndi mkate wa njuchi.
5. Chofufumitsa cha Brewer's chromium ndichipanga kuchuluka kofunikira kwa chromium trace element.
6. Zogulitsa zomwe zimakhala ndi taurine zimathandizira kubwezeretsa minofu minofu ndi mtima.

Pali malingaliro angapo amomwe mungachepetse insulin m'magazi: ndikofunikira kudya zopangira mapuloteni - chiwindi, nyama yodya, tchizi chochepa kwambiri (kapena kefir).

Usiku, insulini ya mahomoni imatha kukhalanso yogwira, chifukwa chake muyenera kupewa kudya usiku, kapena kutenga chidutswa cha tchizi kapena kapu ya yogurt yopanda mafuta. Zakudya izi zimakwaniritsa njala ndi kapangidwe kakang'ono ka kapamba.

Sinthani ku zakudya zopanda shuga pang'onopang'ono - pang'onopang'ono popanda matenda a shuga, musatchule shuga kwathunthu.

Nthawi zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga achulukane komanso, motero, insulini yokhala ndi shuga wabwinobwino amangokhala a psychogenic. Kupsinjika Kwakukulu kumayambitsa kutsika kwa serotonin mu ubongo ndikupangitsa kukhumudwa, kufunitsitsa kosakhutiritsa nokha.

Njira yofulumira kwambiri yokwaniritsira mgwirizano komanso momwe mungachepetsere insulini ndizogulitsa mapuloteni ndi zipatso zina zomwe zimapatsa thupi zinthu zopangira zomwe tryptophan imapezeka, kenako melatonin ndi serotonin. Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu za tryptophan chimadziwika kuti ndi chipatso - nthochi. Komanso nyama ya squid, tchizi yokonzedwa, zinthu za soya.

Kuwopsa ndi kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa insulin. Matenda a shuga

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda odalira insulini. Amayamba pamene mulingo wa insulin m'magazi utachepa, kapena insulin yovuta kwambiri ikachitika. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa.

Mafuta osaphatikizidwa amakhalabe m'magazi, amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi mkodzo mu impso, kulowa mkati ndi magazi kulowa m'malo osasinthika. Izi zimabweretsa matenda opatsirana a urogenital, kukwiya kwa khungu ndi necrosis. Zimaphatikizidwa ndi zizindikiro zonse zakunja:

• Matenda a minofu osokonezeka - kuchepa kwa masomphenya, mitsempha, kusokonezeka kwa chikumbumtima.
• Kumva njala nthawi zonse kumakhala kusowa mphamvu kwa minofu pomwe shuga "amasungidwa" m'magazi.
• Matenda oopsa, mutu.
• Pakamodzi pakamwa pouma, ludzu.
• Kuchepetsa mphamvu yam'malo, kulumikizana, kupweteka.
• Matenda ophatikizika.

Zotsatira za matenda ashuga ndizowopsa - kutayika m'maso, kusokonezeka m'maganizo, zilonda zam'mimba ndi miyendo.

Nthawi zina, insulin imachepetsedwa ndi shuga wabwinobwino - izi zikutanthauza kulephera kwa kapamba. Ndi zizindikiro zoterezi, muyenera kufunsa dokotala - endocrinologist. Insulin yokwera ndi shuga yokhazikika imasonyezeranso kusokonezeka kwa endocrine.

Mlingo wa insulin kwa akulu ndi ana

Matenda a mahomoni mu mwana (mpaka zaka 12) amasiyana ndi chikhalidwe cha munthu wamkulu - 20 mkU / l. Ndende yotsika kwambiri mwa ana ndi 3 μU / L.

Mwa achikulire ndi achinyamata azaka 12, chizindikiro chofananira ndi 25 mcU / l.

Kuchuluka kwa insulin kumayesedwa ndi kuyesedwa kwa magazi, komwe kumachotsedwa kuchokera ku chala pamimba yopanda kanthu. Palinso lembedwe pankhani yololera shuga. M'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu, wodwalayo amapatsidwa kapu yamadzi yotsekera shuga. Pakapita kanthawi, amatenga magazi, kudziwa kuwunikako pambuyo pa mphindi 60-90-120.

Mlingo wa timadzi titha kutsimikiza mwa kupenda glucose m'mwazi pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chanyumba - glucometer. Kutengera mulingo wa shuga, kuchuluka kwa insulin kungaganiziridwe. Pa shuga 5.5, wotsika kapena wopanda ntchito. Ndi shuga wambiri 3,3 - yayitali.

Kuchepetsa thupi kapena kutsitsa shuga wamagazi ndikovuta kwambiri komanso kwanthawi yayitali kuposa kupewa. Ndikofunikira kuyeza glucose pafupipafupi, komanso nthawi ndi nthawi kutsatira zakudya zopewera.

Insulin yambiri

Pakati pa matenda a endocrine dongosolo, owonjezera insulin amadzipatula. Hemeni ya insulin imapangidwa ndi kapamba ndipo ndi gawo lofunikira la carbohydrate metabolism.

Ndikusowa kwa izi, matenda a shuga amakula. Kutulutsidwa kwa insulin yambiri m'magazi kumabweretsa hypoglycemia. Mkhalidwe uwu ndiwowopsa ku thanzi laumunthu ndi moyo.

Kuchita mopitirira muyeso kumatha kukhala chifukwa chamankhwala osayenera ndipo kumafuna chithandizo chamankhwala msanga

Kodi ntchito za insulin ndi ziti?

Insulin yowonjezera ndiyowopsa monga kusowa kwake. Matenda a ubongo amatulutsa chifuwa cha hypoglycemic, limodzi ndi kukomoka komanso kukomoka.

ntchito ya insulin ndikuyesa mulingo wa glucose utakula, womwe umawonedwa mutatha kudya kapena chifukwa cha kutulutsidwa kwa adrenaline panthawi yamavuto. Izi zimachitika kudzera pakusintha kwa glucose ndi insulin kukhala glycogen. Zotsatira zimadziunjikira m'chiwindi ndi minofu. Mkulu wama glucose akatsika, glycogen idzakhalanso glucose kuti ipereke zakudya zam'maselo.

Kuphatikiza apo, timadzi timene timagwira ntchito zotsatirazi:

• mayendedwe azakudya
• kuchuluka kwa lipids ndi mapuloteni,
• kukakamiza zochita za zinthu zomwe zimaphwanya lipids ndi glycogen.

Zimayambitsa insulin yowonjezera m'magazi

Kuwonjezeka kwamankhwala a insulin nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri. Kunenepa kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kosiyanasiyana mthupi, monga kuperewera kwamafuta, kulephera kwaimpso, komanso magazi osayenda bwino.

Mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, insulin imatha kuchuluka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mankhwala a insulin.

Kuwonjezeka kwa mahomoni kumakwiyitsa dongosolo lamanjenje, kufooka kwa mahomoni ena mthupi, komanso kukhudzika kwa maselo kuti alembe insulin.

Zinthu zotsatirazi zimadzetsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni:

• Kuwonjezeka kwa mahomoni ena kumachitikanso ndi mavitamini ena, mwachitsanzo vitamini E. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo,
• kusowa kwa vitamini E kapena chromium mthupi,
• benign pancreatic zotupa zomwe zimapangitsa kupanga mahomoni,
• kutseguka kapena kukula kwa maselo opanga maselo a beta (maselo a beta),
• kufooka kwa glucagon wofunikira, wofunikira pakuwonongeka kwa masitolo a glycogen,
• Kulephera kwa kagayidwe kazakudya,
• matenda a chiwindi
• mwa amayi - cysts mu thumba losunga mazira, oyambitsa kubereka,
• zotupa za peritoneum,
• kulimbikira ntchito
• nkhawa.

Momwe mungakulitsire milingo ya insulin

Ndikusowa kwa timadzi tambiri, njira ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti ziwonjezere kuchuluka kwa magazi. Pachifukwa ichi, mankhwala a insulin komanso m'malo mwa shuga mumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mankhwala apadera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza:

• Medcivin imayendetsa chitetezo cha mthupi, ndikukonzanso ntchito zake zachilengedwe, ndikusintha kukula kwa mahomoni,
• Chitukuko chimalimbikitsa kukonzanso kwa maselo a beta a kapamba, omwe amachititsa kuti insulini ikhale ndi nthawi yayitali mthupi,
• Livicin amachepetsa mitsempha yamagazi.

Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga chiyenera kuyenda limodzi ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ochepa.

Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zimawonjezera insulin? Zazinthu zazikulu zomwe zalimbikitsidwa ndi akatswiri:

Mwa kudya zakudya zoyenera ndikuchotsa zosafunikira muzakudya zanu, mutha kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa insulin. Mutha kusinthanso kuchuluka kwa mahomoni potenga zakudya zamagulu osiyanasiyana zomwe zimachepetsa shuga ya magazi. Amatsogolera kusintha kwa kagayidwe kazakudya mu minofu ya thupi, kusintha kayendedwe ka magazi, imathandizira kuyamwa kwa shuga.

Kuchulukitsa zolimbitsa thupi kumathandizanso kukulitsa katulutsidwe ka mahomoni. Zokwanira kuyenda pang'ono kapena magwiridwe antchito. Metabolism imathandizira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azikhala bwino ndi maselo amisempha, ndipo mulingo wake m'magazi udzachepa.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amafunika kuwunika magazi awo pafupipafupi kuti ateteze zovuta monga kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha ndi vuto la impso. Mulingo wa glucose umatsimikiziridwa pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso a BM, zotsatira zake zimamasuliridwa ndi madanga omwe amakhala ndi mapanga okhala ndi ma reagents apadera.

Ndikofunika kwambiri kukhala ndi insulin yokhazikika. Izi zimachepetsa kugwira ntchito kwa kapamba ndipo zimakuthandizani kupewa matenda ashuga.

Insulin ndi chiyambi cha peptide, chomwe mwa munthu wathanzi chimapangidwa ndi kapamba. Izi zimakhudzidwa mwachindunji mu metabolism ndipo zimatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Insulin imalimbikitsanso kagayidwe kazakudya zomanga thupi ndikupanga mitundu yatsopano ya mapuloteni.

Ngati insulin ili pansipa, munthu amakhala ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu cha shuga, chomwe chimayambitsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga. Akuluakulu, muyezo wa insulin ya mahomoni ndi 3-25 mkU / ml, ana athanzi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chisonyezo cha 3-20 mkU / ml. Kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi mwa mwana kapena munthu wamkulu kumasonyezanso matenda a shuga 1.

Dziwani kuchuluka kwa insulini mu makanda ang'onoang'ono kungakhale pazisonyezo zina. Mwanayo amatha kumwa madzi mwachangu kapena kuyamwa, ma diapine amkati amayamba kulimba, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga mthupi.

Zizindikiro za insulin yotsika

Ngati munthu ali ndi matenda ochepa a insulin, zizindikiro zoyambirira za hyperglycemia zimawonedwa - shuga wambiri. Pakachitika kuti insulin yotsika kapena kusapezeka kwathunthu, magazi a shuga sangatengeke kupita nawo kwa maselo pawokha, chifukwa chake amadzaza m'mitsempha yamagazi. Maselo amakula shuga.

Dokotala akapeza insulini yotsika magazi, nthawi zambiri amapezeka ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba. M'miyoyo yawo yonse, anthu oterowo amayenera kuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikujambulira insulin pafupipafupi kuti achepetse shuga.

Ndizothekanso kuti kuchuluka kwa insulini ndikokwanira, koma mahomoni sangathe kuthana ndi ntchito yake yanthawi zonse chifukwa cha zovuta zina. Pankhaniyi, insulin kukana imapezeka ndipo matenda a shuga a 2 apezeka.

Kwa matenda amtundu uliwonse, wodwala amatha kuwona zotsatirazi:

1. Kuchulukitsa kwamikodzo, makamaka usiku. Ngati magazi a shuga akwera, thupi limayesetsa kumuchiritsa kudzera mkodzo.Glucose, imakopa madzi, kotero kuchuluka kwa mkodzo kumawonjezeka ndipo chodabwitsa monga polyuria chimawonekera.
2. Ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga, munthu amakhala ndi ludzu pafupipafupi. Izi polydipsia zimagwirizana mwachindunji ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kufunika kwa thupi lamadzimadzi chifukwa kukodza mwachangu komanso kochuluka.
3. Ngati chithandizo sichinayambike munthawi yake, kuchuluka kwa insulini kumayamba kuyenda bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zilembozo ziwonjezeke. Pakanapanda chithandizo chanthawi yake, kusowa kwambiri kwamahomoni kumatha kubweretsa zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimakhala zowopsa pamoyo wa munthu.

Zifukwa ndi chithandizo

Magazi a insulin ochepa amatha chifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Kuti mudziwe zomwe zimayambitsa, muyenera kufunsa dokotala, kukayezetsa, kumayezetsa magazi ndi mkodzo m'njira zonse zofunika.

Miyezo ya mahormoni imatha kucheperachepera kudya kwambiri komanso kudya zakudya zopanda thanzi, zopatsa mphamvu zopatsa mphamvu zambiri. Ngati wodwala woleredwa nthawi zambiri amadya mbale zomwe zingakhale ndi mafuta osungunuka, izi zimapangitsa kuti shuga azikhala ndi magazi ambiri.

Pofuna kuthana ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa shuga omwe akubwera, kapamba ayenera kuwonjezera insulini. Ngati insulin ya m'madzi itatsitsidwa, pamakhala chiwopsezo chotenga matenda a shuga.

• Mu matenda osachiritsika komanso opatsirana, thupi limafooka kwambiri, chifukwa chomwe chitetezo chimachepa. Izi zimakwiyitsa matenda a metabolic.
• Nthawi zambiri misempha yotsika ya insulin imawonedwa pakagwa nkhawa komanso kukhumudwa kwamanjenje. Pankhani imeneyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muphunzire kuwongolera zakukhosi kwanu komanso kupewa mavuto.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso, kapena, kukhalanso ndi moyo wopanda ntchito, kumayambitsanso insulin. Kupanga kwa mahomoni kumayimira, zomwe zimawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi matendawa.
• Kuphatikiza kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi kumabweretsa mavuto m'thupi. Kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa shuga ambiri, mumapatsidwa zakudya zapadera zochizira.

Momwe mungakulitsire kuchuluka kwa insulin

Kuti muwonetsetse kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi nthawi zonse ndizofunikira, ndikofunikanso kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa insulin. Kuphatikizika kwa mahomoni awa kumawonjezeka chifukwa chodya zotsekemera komanso mankhwala a insulin. Kuphatikiza apo, adotolo atha kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga.

Mankhwala a Livitsin ali ndi vuto losakhazikika, kotero kuti magazi amatsukidwa ndi zinthu zapoizoni ndi shuga wambiri. Mankhwala Civilin amasintha maselo a kapamba, omwe mtsogolomo amatenga nawo mbali popanga insulin, potero amawonjezera kuchuluka kwa mahomoni.

Mankhwala amabwezeretsa zakumbuyo ya m'thupi ndi chitetezo chamthupi, amalimbitsa magwiridwe ake. Zimathandizanso ngati insulini yotsitsidwa, mankhwala achikhalidwe.

Chithandizo cha matenda omwe ali ndi insulin yotsika ndiyofunika, wodwala amayenera kupatsidwa mankhwala othandizira. Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani kwa wodwala matenda ashuga? Thanzi liyenera kukhala loyenera komanso lokwanira. Muyenera kudya magawo ang'onoang'ono, koma nthawi zambiri, kangapo kasanu mpaka kasanu ndi kamodzi patsiku.

1. Zakudya zonse zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri komanso zopatsa mphamvu zomwe zimakhala ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic ziyenera kusayikidwa kunja kwa zakudya. Ndikofunikira kukana mbatata, mpunga, semolina, uchi ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimachulukitsa shuga wamagazi ndikusokoneza kagayidwe ka thupi.
2. Zakudya ziyenera kuphatikizapo zakudya ndi zakudya zomwe zimapangitsa kapamba. Izi zikuphatikiza maapulo, nyama yotsika, mabulosi amphaka, kefir, parsley, ndi kabichi. Ngati mumadya moyenera, mkati mwa sabata yoyamba yachipatala mutha kupeza zotsatira zabwino.
3. Mankhwala othandizika, dokotala amatha kukupatsani mankhwala othandizira, komanso njira zolimbitsa thupi, komanso ma electrophoresis.Kuti mulimbikitse chitetezo chokwanira komanso kuchepetsa matenda a metabolism, Biozinc ndi Biocalcium amatengedwanso, zakudya zoterezi zimachepetsa shuga, zimathandiza kuti shuga azisunthika bwino, komanso zimathandizira kukonza magwiridwe azinthu zamagazi ndi njira ya metabolic.
4. Mutha kuwonjezera insulin mwakuwonjezera zolimbitsa thupi. Ma Hikers amalimbikitsidwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ofanana kumathandizira kuti shuga alowe minofu minofu mwachangu komanso amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. ndi katundu wokhazikika amawonjezeka ndi 25-30%.

Makhalidwe a glucose amadziwika popanga mayeso amwazi mu labotale. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mita kuyesa kunyumba.

Pozindikira Zizindikiro, wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kudzilamulira yekha ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, achitepo kanthu kuti asinthe magazi.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Matenda a insulin amatsimikiziridwa ndi zizindikiritso zingapo zomwe zimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa matenda. Mitundu iyi ya mahomoni owonjezera amadziwika:

• aakulu bongo
• achina,
• wodwala matenda ashuga.

Zoyambitsidwa mwa munthu wathanzi, insulin imakhala ndi poizoni m'thupi, imayambitsa hypoglycemia ndikuwopseza imfa.

More bongo

Zizindikiro zazikulu za izi:

• kupweteka mutu komanso chizungulire chomwe chimasowa mukamamwa chakudya,
• njala yayikulu
• zosokoneza tulo, zolota, kuchuluka thukuta m'maloto,
• kufooka tulo, kugona tulo,
• ana - kusinthasintha, kusanza,
• kuzimiririka mofulumira kwawonekedwe, monga chotchinga pamaso, kuwuluka kwa ntchentche, kusefukira kwa zinthu,
• kunenepa.

Hypoglycemia

Kuukira kwa hypoglycemic kumayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa insulin. Kuwonjezeka kwa matendawa kumatengera kuti mankhwalawo amagwiritsidwa ntchito - mwachangu kapena nthawi yayitali. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amodzi ali ndi mawonekedwe awa:

• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwambiri amachititsa kuti mtima ugwere mwachangu.
• kumenyedwa kwa lamba lamba,
• kukomoka mtima,
• khungu loyera
• kutuluka thukuta kwambiri
• kuyang'ana pafupipafupi.

Ngati mumanyalanyaza kuukiridwa, mungamve:

Matenda a shuga

Zizindikiro zoyambitsa kukomoka ndi zizindikiro za hypoglycemia. M'tsogolomu, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikuwonekera:

• thukuta
• kupuma pafupipafupi, kupumira kwambiri
• Fungo la maapulo okoma kuchokera mkamwa,
• kutulutsa ndi kupweteka m'mimba,
• khungu la m'manja ndi kumapazi.
• kununkhira kwa acetone pokodza,
• nseru, kuchepa kwa magazi,
• Kuchepetsa ana, kusayang'anira kuyatsa,
• mawu ochepetsetsa a minofu, akunjenjemera m'thupi lonse.
• kukokana, mabodza, kuyerekezera zinthu zina,
• kukomoka.

Zoyenera kuchita

Muzovuta kwambiri, muyenera kuyimba ambulansi kuti mupeze oyenerera.

Insulin yokwanira m'thupi imawopseza zovuta zazikulu.

Kuti matenda asinthe, wodwalayo ayenera kudya zakudya zotsekemera. Muzovuta kwambiri, imbani ambulansi. Madokotala asanafike, munthuyo ayenera kugona ndipo miyendo yake itenthe.

Palibe mankhwala omwe angatengedwe popanda mankhwala a dokotala omwe ali ndi milingo yayikulu ya insulin.

Chithandizo cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'thupi. Ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda omwe amatsimikizira chithandizo china.

Kuti muchepetse adrenaline chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe zimapangidwa pafupipafupi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musinthe Ngati chifukwa cha insulin yochulukirapo ndi chotupa, kuyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni ndikofunikira.

Ndikothekanso kupondereza zovuta za insulin ndi kuchuluka kwake kokha mothandizidwa ndi chakudya chamthupi komanso kukonza zakudya.

Zakudya zoyenera

Ndi matenda a insulin, zakudya ziyenera kukhala zosachepera 5 patsiku. Shuga ndi zinthu zomwe zili nazo siziphatikizidwa. Amasinthidwa ndi zinthu zapadera za odwala matenda ashuga.

Sizoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito soseji, zakudya zam'chitini, zakudya zamchere.Zakudya zamchere ziyenera kukhala zochepa. Zinthu zamkaka ziyenera kusankha mafuta ochepa. Ndikofunika kumwa kwambiri - pafupifupi malita 2.5 patsiku.

Zakumwa ziyenera kukhala zabwino. Mowa umaletsedwa.

Kuopsa kwa Matenda a Insulin

Matenda a insulini amatengera zotsatirazi:

• Kunenepa kwambiri kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha matenda a insulin.
• kutopa, kusokonekera,
• kukula kwa khansa, kuchepa kwa zotupa pakhungu,
• atherosulinosis
• matenda a shuga
• matenda a mafupa
• matenda oopsa
• woopsa milandu - chikomokere, imfa.

Kodi chimayambitsa matenda a shuga ndi chiyani?

Pancreatic hormone insulin imakhala ndi mitundu yambiri pazomwe zimapangidwa mu metabolic pafupifupi minofu yonse. Ndiwo mahomoni okha m'thupi amene amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Insulin imapangitsa kuti membala wam'magazi azikhala wambiri m'magazi a glucose, amathandizira kapangidwe ka glycogen polysaccharide - njira yayikulu yosungirako masitolo a shuga.

Kuphwanya kwazinsinsi za mahomoni kumapangitsa kusowa kwake mthupi.

Kuperewera kwenikweni kwa insulin ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwa matenda a shuga 1 a matenda a shuga.

Odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu wa shuga wachiwiri, amakhala ndi vuto la insulin, lomwe limadziwonetsa pokhapokha ngati akusokoneza zochita za timadzi timeneti.

Mitundu ya Insulin Kukwanira

Pali mitundu iwiri ya kusowa kwa insulin:

• Pancreatic (chifukwa cha kusintha kwa maselo a kapamba).
• Osakhala kapamba (wosagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusachita bwino kwa kapamba).

Odwala omwe alibe mawonekedwe a pancreatic, insulin imapangidwa mwachizolowezi, ndipo nthawi zina owonjezera, komabe, mwina zochitika zake kapena kuzindikira kwake pamaselo a minyewa komanso minofu.

Kuperewera kwa insulin ya pancreatic nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha chiwonongeko cha ma cell a pancreatic beta. Maselo amenewa amapanga 65-80% ya gawo la endocrine la chiwalochi.

Ma cell a Beta ndi gawo la ma pancreatic islets (ma islets of Langerhans) kapena kuphatikiza m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Kuwonongeka kwa maselo a beta ndi chifukwa cha njira za autoimmune komanso zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa

Zomwe zimayambitsa kusowa kwa insulini ndi:

• Kukhazikika kwa vuto la kubadwa kwa thupi, zatsopano za beta-cell receptors.
• Kutupa kwa kapamba kapena chikhodzodzo.
• Opaleshoni yamapazi, zowawa zake.
• Kusintha kwa sclerotic m'mitsempha yamagazi (kumayambitsa zovuta kuzungulira kwa kapamba, zomwe zimayambitsa kuperewera kwa ntchito zake).
• Kuphwanya kapangidwe ka michere.
• Matenda, matenda osachiritsika omwe amachititsa kuti chitetezo cha m'thupi chichepe.
• Kuperewera kwa insulin ndi mavuto amanjenje, kupsinjika. Nthawi yomweyo, zomwe zimakhala ndimagazi zimatuluka.
• Kulephera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena, mwamphamvu, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Zonsezi komanso kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandizira kuti shuga azithamanga komanso kuchepa kwa kaphatikizidwe ka insulin.
• Kukhalapo kwa zotupa mu kapamba.

Kudya mapuloteni osakwanira ndi zinki palimodzi ndi kuchuluka kwamafuta kungayambitsenso kuchepa kwa insulin. Izi ndichifukwa chakuti nthaka, limodzi ndi zinthu zina, zimathandizira kuti insulin ikwere ndi kuyendetsa magazi.

Chuma chambiri m'maselo a kapamba amapangira katundu wina, chifukwa chomwe chimapanga insulini chochepa kwambiri kuposa chofunikira.

Zimathandizira pakukula kwa insulin kuchepa kwa zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi ma cyanides (manyuchi, yam, mizu ya chinangwa).

Pathophysiology

Kuperewera kwa insulini (onse mtheradi ndi wachibale) kumayambitsa matenda a shuga, omwe amachititsa hyperglycemia (shuga yayikulu magazi - nkhani pamenepa).

Hyperglycemia imachulukitsa colloid osmotic ya plasma ya maselo ndi ma elekitirodi amagetsi, chifukwa chomwe "madzi ochulukirapo" amatengedwa kuchokera kuzinthu kupita magazi. Minofu imasowa madzi, ndipo munthu amakhala ndi ludzu, amadandaula khungu lowuma komanso mucous nembanemba.

Ndi hyperglycemia, shuga amapezeka mkodzo (izi zimachitika kwa odwala matenda ashuga), ndipo limodzi nawo kuchuluka kwamadzi ndi mchere kumamasulidwa (glucose "drags" madzi pamodzi ndi iyo).

Kuperewera kwa insulin kumawonekera mu mawonekedwe a zizindikiro zingapo:

• Kuchulukitsa kwa shuga wamagazi (hyperglycemia).
• Kuchulukitsa kwa diuresis (makamaka usiku), chifukwa shuga amathandizira kuchotsa madzimadzi m'thupi (polyuria).
• W ludzu (polydipsia). Zimachitika chifukwa chakuti thupi limayesetsa kulipirira madzi atayika mkodzo.

Ngati simukuonana ndi dokotala panthawi yake ndipo simuyamba kulandira chithandizo, kuchepa kwa insulin kumakulirakulira. Padzakhala chiopsezo chachikulu pamoyo.

insulini m'thupi iyenera kusamalidwa mokwanira. Izi zimathandizira magwiridwe antchito ndipo zimalepheretsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga.

Njira zochizira

Chithandizo cha kuperewera kwa insulin cholinga chake ndicho kukhazikitsa kuchuluka kwa insulini, kuti kusinthasintha kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kukhale kovomerezeka.

Njira zazikulu zothetsera kuchepa kwa insulin mu shuga ndi mankhwala a insulin komanso zakudya zoyenera.

Dokotala atha kukulemberani mankhwala:

• Civilil (imalimbikitsa kusinthika kwa maselo a pancreatic), mankhwalawa amachokera pazitsamba.
• Livitsin (vasodilator) ndi Tingafinye wa hawthorn, mamawort, duwa m'chiuno, peppermint.
• Medcivin (wogwiritsa ntchito immunomodulatory agent).

Kuti mulipirire bwino kuperewera kwa mahomoni, kumwa mankhwala kungaphatikizidwe ndi physiotherapy, electrophoresis.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi moyenera kumathandizira pakupanga insulin. Nthawi yamaphunziro akuthupi komanso masewera, kuchuluka kwa glucose amalowetsa minofu minofu kumawonjezeka, ndipo zomwe zimakhala m'magazi zimachepa.

Zakudya zamankhwala

Chofunika kwambiri pakuperewera kwa insulin ndi zakudya. Zakudya zochepa zimalimbikitsidwa (kudya kangapo 5 patsiku m'magawo ang'onoang'ono).

Carbohydrate katundu ndi kalori ziyenera kugawidwa wogawana pakati chakudya.

Ndingadye chiyani ndi vuto la insulin:

• Pali zoletsa pa kudya shuga, mankhwala a ufa, maswiti. M'malo mwa shuga, m'malo mwa shuga mumagwiritsidwa ntchito (sorbitol, xylitol, stevia, ndi zina).
• Ndiosafunika kugwiritsa ntchito msuzi wowonda, wamphamvu nyama. Kudya mafuta ochepa.
• Zakudya zothandiza zomwe zimakhala ndi mavitamini A, B, C.
• Onetsetsani kuti muli ndi zakudya zokhala ndi mapuloteni muzakudya zanu.
• Zinthu zopatsa mphamvu za kapamba ziyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi zakudya: nyama yopanda mphamvu, maapulo, mabulosi abulu, parsley, kefir.

Mutha kutenga masamba ophatikizira monga cranberries, barberry, sorelo, dogwood, mpesa waku China.

Kutsatira zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga komanso kumwa mankhwala ndi zina zowonjezera pakudya kungapangitse kuti insulin ipangidwe mthupi ndi kulipirira kuchepa kwake.

Insulin yokwera: Zizindikiro, zimayambitsa, chithandizo

Kuchulukitsa kwa insulin sikumakhala koopsa kuposa kuperewera kwake: kumatha kupangitsa kukula kwa hypoglycemia, komwe kumadziwika ndi kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi, komwe kumayambitsa kupweteka kwamutu, ulesi, chisokonezo, kupsinjika ndi chikomokere.

Mulingo wambiri wa insulin ungayambitse matenda ashuga: ngati kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'magazi kumachulukirachulukira, maselo omwe amachititsa zomwe amapanga, amachepetsa kapenanso kusiya kwathunthu kupanga kwake.Kuchuluka kwa insulini m'thupi kumakhudza kagayidwe kachakudya ndi ntchito yobereka: kupatuka kwake pazomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri kumatha kupangitsa kuti m'mimba mwa mayi muzikhala mazira ambiri komanso osabereka.

• Ntchito ya insulin
• Koposa zofananira
• Zimayambitsa mahomoni owonjezera
• Therapy ndi zakudya

Ntchito ya insulin

Insulin ndi timadzi tomwe timapangidwa ndi ma cell a pancreatic beta omwe amatchedwa islets of Langerhans.

Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikutsitsa kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi, pambuyo poti zomwe zili mkati mwake zayamba kupitilira zizolowezi.

Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika mukangodya chakudya (pamenepa, glucose amafunikira kuti asinthe zinthu zomwe zalandira mphamvu), komanso pamavuto, pamene adrenaline yatulutsidwa m'magazi.

Insulin imachita izi posandutsa glucose kukhala glycogen, yemwe amadziunjikira m'chiwindi ndi minofu, kotero kuti pakakhala kuti palibe shuga m'thupi, amasinthidwanso kukhala shuga.

Insulin imaperekanso kuperekera kwa glucose ndi michere ina m'maselo onse amthupi, kuzikwaniritsa ndikupatsa mwayi wopanga ndi kukonzanso.

Zimakhudza kapangidwe ka mapuloteni ndi mafuta, timaletsa michere yomwe imaphwanya glycogen ndi mafuta.

Ndi kuperewera kwa mahomoni awa, matenda ashuga amakula maselo atayamba kumva njala, kusiya kukonzanso ndikufa, kagayidwe kamacheperachepera, popanda chithandizo, munthu amagwa ndikumwalira.

Koposa zofananira

Miyezi yokwanira ya insulini ilinso yoopsa. Maselo amasiya kulandira shuga m'chilengedwe chofunikira kwa iwo, chomwe chimayambitsa, monga kupanda insulin, ku njala yawo.

Kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'thupi kumathandizira ntchito ya zotupa za sebaceous, chizindikiro chomwe ndi mawonekedwe a ziphuphu, kukomoka, thukuta kwambiri.

Ngati mayi ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri (ichi ndi chifukwa chomveka chopitilira mahomoni), izi zimatha kuyambitsa chizolowezi cham'mimba, kusakhazikika kwa msambo komanso kubereka.

Popeza insulini imadziwika ndi vasoconstrictive, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kumapangitsa kuti magazi azithamanga, amachepetsa mphamvu ya mitsempha, yomwe imayambitsa kuphwanya magazi kuubongo. Makoma a carotid artery amapindika pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimachepetsa kuthekera kwa munthu kuganiza momveka bwino muukalamba.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa mahomoni sikumachepetsedwa, chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa magazi, zofooka zam'mphepete, kulephera kwaimpso kungayambike, kusokonezeka kwapakati pa dongosolo lamanjenje kumawonedwa. Matendawa amawonekeranso mosavomerezeka pa ntchito yobereka: mavuto aliwonse amtundu wa endocrine amatha kupangitsa kuti akhale osabereka.

Komanso kuchuluka kwambiri kwa insulin kumalepheretsa ntchito za ma enzymes omwe amakhudza kusintha kwa glycogen kukhala glucose, komanso gluconeogenesis, pamene glucose imapangidwa kuchokera pazinthu zopanda mafuta.

Chifukwa cha izi, thupi limalephera kulipira shuga wamagazi ochepa, zomwe zimayambitsa hypoglycemia, yomwe imadziwika ndi kusakwanira kwa magazi, glucose ndi michere ina ya mu ubongo (glucose ndiye gwero lalikulu la mphamvu yama cell aubongo).

Izi zimabweretsa zizindikiro monga mutu, kusawona bwino, ulesi, kunenepa kwambiri, chisokonezo, amnesia, komanso ngakhale kukomoka.

Pakapita kanthawi, maselo a kapamba, "kuzindikira" kuti kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'thupi, kumachepetsa kapangidwe ka insulin, komwe kumayambitsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga komanso zizindikiro zake. Mlingo wa insulini umachepa, umaleka kukwaniritsa ntchito zake mokwanira, zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa metabolic, kufa ndi njala komanso kufa kwa maselo, ngati matendawa sanalandiridwe, munthu amafa.

Zimayambitsa mahomoni owonjezera

Mwa zina zazikuluzikulu za kuchuluka kwa insulin, akatswiri amatcha kunenepa kwambiri, komwe kumapangitsa kuti mafuta azikhala pang'onopang'ono, kuwonjezeka kwa magazi, kulephera kwa impso, thumba losunga mazira, kuperewera.Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi kungapangitse kuchuluka kwa mankhwala a insulin.

Komanso, zifukwa zotsatirazi zingakhudze kuchuluka kwa mahomoni:

• zotupa zapachifuwa zomwe zimayambitsa kuphatikiza kwa mahomoni. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zodziwika bwino monga insulinomas,
• kukula kwa maselo a beta kapena kukondoweza kwawo,
• kutsitsa katulutsidwe wa glucagon (mahomoni omwe amalimbikitsa kutsekeka kwa glycogen m'chiwindi kuti asinthe kukhala glucose),
• kuphwanya zakudya
• matenda a chiwindi
• polycystic ovary, yomwe imabweretsa kusabereka,
• zotupa zoyipa zam'mimba,
• Matenda a pituitary gland kapena adrenal cortex,
• kulimbitsa thupi kwambiri,
• mavuto.

Komanso, insulini yowonjezereka ikhoza kuyambitsa mavuto ndi mantha am'mimba, kuchepa kwa mahomoni ena (glucocorticoids, mahomoni okula, corticotropin). Zomwe zimapangidwira m'magazi zimachulukanso ndikumvetsetsa kwama cell a insulin omwe ali pa khungu lililonse ndikugwirizana ndi mahomoni.

Mlingo wambiri wa mahomoni umatha kukhala chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi ngati munthu amadya maswiti ambiri komanso zakudya zamafuta ambiri. Kugunda kwa njala, kuperewera kwa vitamini E kapena chromium kumatha kuyambitsa kuphwanya kuchuluka kwa mahomoni.

Therapy ndi zakudya

Kuti mubweretsenso insulin yambiri, ndikofunikira kuthetsa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda.

Kutengera zotsatira za mayeso, dokotalayo amakupatsani mankhwala othandizira, zakudya ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe ayenera kuchitidwa.

Ngati ili ndi chotupa (mwachitsanzo, ovary ya polycystic, yomwe idayambitsa kusabereka), madokotala amayesera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mankhwala kapena zakudya, ngati sizithandiza, yambani kuchitapo kanthu opaleshoni.

Idyani ndi insulin yokwanira m'magawo ang'onoang'ono kasanu patsiku. Zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi insulini yowonjezereka sizimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito shuga ndi maswiti ozikidwa pa izo. Iyenera kuyikidwa m'malo ndi zinthu zomwe zimapangidwira odwala matenda ashuga, zotsekemera, maralmallows otsika, mararmade.

Ndikofunikanso kuwunika kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito ndikugawa bwino zomwe akudya. Kuchuluka kwa mchere pa nthawi ya zakudya kuyenera kuchepetsedwa. Simungadye zakudya zamzitini, soseji, zopaka, mafuta amchere.

Tsiku lililonse muyenera kumwa kuchokera 2 mpaka 2,5 malita a madzi patsiku. Ma compotes osasankhidwa, tiyi wobiriwira, msuzi wa rosehip, madzi akumwa amaloledwa. Mowa suloledwa. Zinthu zamkaka zimaloledwa, koma ndi mafuta ochepa.

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndi insulin yowonjezera zimaphatikizapo mbale kuchokera ku buckwheat, oatmeal, mpunga wa bulauni (koma osazunza). Zakololedwa nyama, nsomba, nkhuku. Mutha kudya mazira, koma osapitilira mazira awiri katatu pa sabata. Masamba ophika kapena owiritsa, mapeyala, maapulo, chivwende, mphesa, malalanje ndizothandiza. Popanda mantha, mungathe kudya sitiroberi, raspberries, sitiroberi, yamatcheri.

Ngati malingaliro onse a dotolo akatsatiridwa ndikutsatira ndikuyamba nthawi, mutha kukwaniritsa zotsatira zabwino ndikuchepetsa insulin. Pali milandu yobwerezabwereza mwa amayi pamene, pambuyo pakukula kwa thupi, kuchuluka kwa insulini kunabweranso kwazonse, zizindikiro zonse za ovary ya polycystic zidazimiririka, zomwe zidapangitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa chizolowezi cha mwezi komanso kuchira kwa osabereka.

Zizindikiro za Insulin Defence

Mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya insulin m'magazi amadzipangitsa kudzimva ndi zizindikiro monga polyuria, hyperglycemia, polydipsia.

Hyperglycemia ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ngati mulibe insulin yokwanira, shuga sangatengeke kupita ku maselo a thupi.

Matendawa omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusowa kwa insulin amatchedwa matenda a shuga 1. Kuchiza ndi matenda oterowo kumasonyezedwa pokhapokha ngati jakisoni wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa insulin.

Usiku, kuchuluka kwa shuga mthupi la munthu kumadzuka, ndikusowa insulini, shuga amangochotsedwa pamodzi ndi mkodzo, kuchuluka kwa mkodzo kukuchulukirachulukira. Potengera izi:

• wodwala ali ndi ludzu
• kuchuluka kwa madzi.

Matendawa amatchedwa polydipsia.

Zizindikiro zina zakuchepa kwa insulin zimaphatikizapo kuchiritsa kwa nthawi yayitali, kupweteka kwa khungu, kutopa ndi kuperewera tsiku lonse. Zizindikiro za kuperewera kwa insulin zimakula pang'onopang'ono, pachifukwa ichi, ngati kukayikira kuti kusowa kwa timadzi tambiri, ndikofunikira kupezeka ndi matenda, kuti mupambane mayeso.

Mulingo wa insulin kwa munthu wamkulu umakhala pakati pa 3 mpaka 25 mkU / ml, kwa mwana, chizindikiro kuyambira 3 mpaka 20 mkU / ml chidzakhala chachilendo. Manambala otsika mwa mwana amatha kuonetsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba.

Mwa mwana, kapamba amapezeka pofika zaka 5 zokha, amakhala pachiwopsezo chazaka zapakati pa 5 ndi 11. Pakalipano, mwana amafunika kudya mokwanira, chifukwa kilogalamu iliyonse ya kulemera kumawonetsedwa kudya magalamu 10 a chakudya. Muyeneranso kudziwa kuti kusokonezeka kwa kupanga kwa insulin kwa ana kungayambitse kusakhazikika ndi kuyenderera kwa dongosolo lamanjenje.

Kuwonongeka kwa maselo a pancreatic omwe amachititsa insulin synthesis kungayambitse matenda opatsirana a ana:

Katemera wa panthawi yake yekha ndi amene amathandiza kupewetsa mavuto komanso mtundu wa matenda ashuga 1. Ngati mwana ali ndi vuto la insulin atha kumva ludzu.

Insulin yowonjezera

Kugwiritsa insulini kwambiri mthupi sikuvuliranso thanzi. Maselo samalandira kuchuluka kwa glucose komwe amafunikira, monga kuchepa kwa mahomoni, amayamba kufa ndi njala.

Izi zimakhalanso chifukwa chogwirira ntchito kwa zotupa za sebaceous, zizindikiro za njirazi ndi: kuluma, thukuta, ziphuphu.

Mkazi akamanenepa kwambiri, izi ndizofunikira kwa cystic neoplasms mu thumba losunga mazira, kusamba kwa msambo, kusabereka.

Popeza insulini imakhala ndi vasoconstrictive, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kumawonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi, kutsika kwa kukhazikika kwa makoma amitsempha yamagazi, ndikupangitsa kuphwanya kwa magazi kumaselo aubongo. Vutoli likamapitirira, makhoma a chotupa cha carotid amayamba kuwuma, kutsika kwa kuganiza kosatha mukakalamba.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa timadzi timeneti sikumakhala kotakasuka, kuchuluka kwa insulin kumayambitsa magazi, matenda a shuga a m'munsi amayamba, kulephera kwa impso, kusagwirizana pakugwira ntchito kwa mtima wamanjenje.

Zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa insulin m'magazi

Kutsika kwa mahomoni m'magazi kungakhale chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo. Kuti adziwe chifukwa chake pamalopo pali chifukwa, munthu ayenera kufunsira kuchipatala, kukayezetsa koyenera ndikupeza mayeso ofunikira.

Zotsatira zotsatirazi zingayambitse zomwezi:

1. Chakudya chopanda malire, kudya zakudya zopitilira muyeso, kuchuluka kwa zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zopatsa thanzi m'zakudya, komanso zakudya zopatsa thanzi zitha kuonedwa ngati zinthu zomwe zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'magazi.
2. Zakudya zochuluka kwambiri za shuga ndi ufa mu zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku, chifukwa cha zomwe kapamba imalephera kuthana ndi kupanga kwa mahomoni ofunikira.
3. Matenda ndi kusokonezeka kwa kapamba ndi chikhodzodzo, zotsatira zoyipa za opaleshoni komanso mawonekedwe a neoplasms mu ziwalo.
4. Zosintha mu ziwiya za sclerotic chikhalidwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuphwanya magazi m'matumba.
5. Matenda opatsirana komanso opatsirana amatha kuchepetsa chitetezo cha mthupi, kufooketsa zomwe zimachitika, zimapangitsa thupi lathunthu komanso kusokoneza njira ya metabolic,
6. Kuchepetsa insulini m'magazi kungayambike chifukwa chovuta kwambiri kulolera kupsinjika ndi kusangalala kwamanjenje.
7. Kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso, kapena moyo wongokhala ungathe kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'magazi.
8. Makamaka. - kusowa kwa mapuloteni ndi nthaka.
9. Kuchuluka kwa chitsulo m'thupi, chifukwa chomwe katundu wina amawasamutsa kapamba, komwe kumapangitsa kuti ntchito yake iwonongeke.
10. Mimba muunyamata.

Zizindikiro za Insulin Defence

Kuchuluka kwa insulin kumatha kuwonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

Hyperglycemia (shuga yokwezeka yam'magazi) imachitika chifukwa chakuti glucose imadziunjikira m'mwazi komanso chifukwa chakusowa kapena zochepa za insulin ya magazi siyendetsedwa m'maselo. Kuperewera kwa insulin kwa nthawi yayitali kungatanthauze kukula kwa matenda a shuga 1 (pankhaniyi, chithandizo chimachitika ndi jakisoni wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa insulin).

Usiku, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'thupi kumadzuka. Ngati mulibe insulin yokwanira mthupi, ndiye kuti shuga amayamba kuthira mkodzo, zomwe zimakwiyitsa polyuria (kuchuluka kwa mkodzo). Nthawi yomweyo, kufunika kwa madzi amadzimadzi kumawonjezeka. Pali ludzu lamphamvu mosalekeza (polydipsia).

Zizindikiro za insulin yotsika m'magazi zimaphatikizapo kuchiritsa kwamabala ochepa, khungu loyipa, kutopa ndi kuperewera. Zizindikiro za kuperewera kwa insulini zimachuluka mwachangu. Chifukwa chake, zizindikiro zoyambirira zoyamba zikaonekera, muyenera kuwona dokotala ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo.

Kwa munthu wamkulu, insulin nthawi zambiri imakhala 3-25 mkU / ml, ndipo mwa ana 3-20 mkU / ml. Ngati mwana ali ndi insulin yocheperako, izi zitha kuwonetsa kukula kwa matenda a shuga 1. Zikondazo zimapangidwa kumapeto kwa chaka cha 5 cha mwana. Kuyambira zaka 5 mpaka 11, ana amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda ashuga. Pazaka izi, ana amafunikira 10 g yamafuta pa kilogalamu ya thupi patsiku, zomwe zimawonjezera kufunika kwa insulin. Kuphatikiza apo, dongosolo lamanjenje laumunthu muubwana silinapangidwebe kwathunthu, zomwe zingayambitsenso kuwoneka kwa zolakwika mu kapangidwe ka insulin.

Kuwonongeka kwa maselo a pancreatic omwe amapanga insulin angayambitse matenda aubwana monga chikuku, mumps ndi rubella. Potere, katemera wa panthawi yake angateteze mwana pakukula kwa matenda a shuga 1.

Insulin yotsika mwa ana aang'ono kwambiri imatha kukayikiridwa ngati mwana amafunitsitsa kuyamwa kapena kumwa madzi. Popeza kuti glucose wambiri umathiridwa mu mkodzo, ma diapoti amkodzo amayamba kuwuma.

Zomwe zimapangitsa Insulin Kusowa

Zomwe zimayambitsa kutsika kwambiri kwa insulin m'magazi ndi monga:

• kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi (kudya pafupipafupi, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochulukitsa ambiri),
• kugwira ntchito molimbika komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi,
• matenda osachiritsika ndi matenda opatsirana.

Kuti muyambenso kugwira ntchito yama cell a pancreatic omwe amapanga insulin, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati Civil. Komanso, mankhwalawa amagwiritsa ntchito livicin (mankhwala omwe amathandiza kuchepetsa mitsempha yamagazi) ndi medzivin (mankhwala omwe amabwezeretsa mahomoni). Ngati kapamba sangatulutsenso insulin, wodwalayo amapatsidwa jakisoni wa insulin, yomwe angachite ndi thandizo lakunja kapena payekha.

Momwe mungakulitsire insulin m'magazi popanda mankhwala: ngati njira zamtundu wa m'magazi zomwe zidapangitsa kutsika kwa insulini sizinapite patali, mutha kuthandizira kulimbikitsa zikondwererozo pakudya kabichi, maapulo, ma buluu, kefir ndi nyama yopanda mafuta. Muyenera kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mbatata, mpunga, semolina, uchi.

Insulin yotsika m'magazi iyenera kukhala chifukwa chokonzanso mfundo zachakudya (ziyenera kukhala zokwanira komanso zoyenera). Muyenera kudya pafupipafupi pang'ono.

Insulin ndi chiyambi cha peptide, chomwe mwa munthu wathanzi chimapangidwa ndi kapamba. Izi zimakhudzidwa mwachindunji mu metabolism ndipo zimatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Insulin imalimbikitsanso kagayidwe kazakudya zomanga thupi ndikupanga mitundu yatsopano ya mapuloteni.

Ngati insulin ili pansipa, munthu amakhala ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu cha shuga, chomwe chimayambitsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga. Akuluakulu, muyezo wa insulin ya mahomoni ndi 3-25 mkU / ml, ana athanzi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chisonyezo cha 3-20 mkU / ml. Kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi mwa mwana kapena munthu wamkulu kumasonyezanso matenda a shuga 1.

Dziwani kuchuluka kwa insulini mu makanda ang'onoang'ono kungakhale pazisonyezo zina. Mwanayo amatha kumwa madzi mwachangu kapena kuyamwa, ma diapine amkati amayamba kulimba, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga mthupi.

Zomwe insulin ikusowa

Kuperewera kwa mahomoni kumachitika chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, makamaka kuchuluka kwake. Kuphatikiza apo, zifukwa zina zingatchulidwe:

• kupsinjika, mavuto azovuta zamkati,
• chibadwire
• matenda osachiritsika kapena matenda,
• kusowa kwa mapuloteni ndi nthaka,
• kuchuluka kwazitsulo ndi chakudya,
• kusowa kapena mosinthanitsa, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso,
• kusowa kwa kapamba,
• atachitapo opaleshoni yapachikondwerero.

Mitundu ya kuchepa kwa mahomoni

Mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya insulin nthawi zambiri amapezeka pa nthawi ya matenda ashuga. Zosakwanira zamahomoni zimagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri:

1. Mtheradi (kapamba). Kuperewera kwamtundu wa insulin kumeneku kumayambitsidwa ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu I. Ndizoyambitsa kuwonongeka kwa insulin, kusintha kosasintha kumachitika m'maselo a kapamba. Insulin imasungidwa m'miyeso yaying'ono kwambiri kapena siyikupangidwa konse, chifukwa chake shuga wa magazi akuchulukirachulukira. Kuti insulini ikhale yokhazikika, wodwalayo ayenera kudzipatsa jakisoni.
2. wachibale (wopanda pancreatic). Kulephera kwamtunduwu kumayambitsidwa ndi matenda amtundu wachiwiri wa shuga. Matenda amtunduwu amadziwika ndi kutulutsidwa kwina kwa insulin (kapena ngakhale kupitirira apo). Koma simalumikizana ndi minofu ndi ma cell, chifukwa chomwe sichingagwire bwino ntchito yake. Ndi chifukwa cha kuperewera kwamtunduwu komwe ma metabolic a glucose amawonongeka, ndipo hyperglycemia imayamba. Mwanjira ina, thupi silitha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mahomoni, chifukwa kuzindikira kwake sikokwanira.

Ngati insulini yachepetsedwa ndipo kuchuluka kwa shuga ndikwabwinobwino, izi zikutanthauza kuchuluka kwa glucagon, thyroxine, adrenaline m'thupi la wodwalayo.

Kuperewera kwa insulin mwa ana

Pofika zaka 5, kapamba nthawi zambiri amakula kwathunthu. Chifukwa chake, owopsa kwambiri pokhudzana ndi kupanga insulin molakwika ndi azaka za 5-11.

Homoni wochepetsedwa mwa mwana amatha kumuwopseza ndi kuchepa kwa kukula kwa dongosolo lamanjenje kapena matenda osiyanasiyana opatsirana - rubella, chikuku, ndi mavu. Chizindikiro choyamba cha kuchepa kwa insulin mwa ana ndi ludzu losalekeza. Pofuna kupewa kukula kwa matenda osasangalatsa komanso mawonekedwe a matenda amtundu wa I, muyenera kupanga katemera aliyense wofunikira zaka, makamaka kuwunika zakudya.

Chithandizo cha insulin chochepa

Matenda a Type I amafunika jakisoni wa mahomoni tsiku ndi tsiku. Kuperewera kwa kupanga kwa mahomoni mu funso kumapangitsa kuchuluka kwa glycemia. Izi ndichifukwa choti insulini sikokwanira kusamutsa glucose m'maselo, ndipo shuga wambiri amadziunjikira m'magazi.

Miyezo ya shuga imakwera usiku.Ngati nthawi yomweyo insulin siyokwanira, glucose "owonjezera" umalowa mkodzo, womwe umapangitsa kuti polyuria (kuchuluka kukodza).

Dokotala, potengera momwe munthu alili ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito, amapereka mankhwala. Ngati pali kuperewera kwathunthu kwa kupanga kwa mahomoni, wodwala amalimbikitsidwa jakisoni wa insulin. Zitha kuchitika kuchipatala, koma chifukwa Mchitidwewu umachitika kangapo patsiku, ndikosavuta kudziwa momwe mungapangire mankhwalawo.

Ngati mahomoni amatulutsidwa, koma osakwanira, chithandizo ndi mankhwala chimachitika. Ndibwino ngati mukuphatikizidwa ndi njira zowonjezera: electrophoresis kapena physiotherapy ina. Koma chinthu chachikulu apa ndikuti usachite mopambanitsa kotero kuti palibe kuchuluka kwa mahomoni.

Nthawi zambiri, dokotala amakupangira mankhwala otsatirawa:

• “Civilin ”Imathandizira kubwezeretsa maselo a pancreatic, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa insulin.
• “Medzivin ”Amakulitsa chitetezo chokwanira komanso kubwezeretsa mahomoni.
• “Livitsin ”Amatsegula makoma a mitsempha yamagazi.

Kuphatikiza apo, zakudya zotsatirazi ziyenera kukhala muzakudya zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku:

• kabichi
• parsley
• maapulo
• mabuluni
• kefir
• konda nyama yofiira.

Amathandizira kulimbikitsa kapamba, poganizira kuti kuchuluka kwa insulin kumakwera komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga kumatsika.

Zowonjezera zachilengedwe zomwe zimachepetsa shuga - biocin, biocalcium - ndizothandiza. Momwe magazi amayendera ndi njira za metabolic zimakhazikitsidwa, chifukwa chomwe glucose amatha kulowa mu thupi.

Musaiwale za zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi. Mwachitsanzo, kuyenda kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kumathandiza kutsika shuga.

Ndi madokotala okha omwe amatha kumwa mankhwalawa kapena kupereka mankhwalawa ataphunziranso mbali zonse za matendawo.

Insulin ndi timadzi tinatake ta peptide, tomwe timakhala ngati timakhazikika munyama wamba. Insulin imachita mbali yayikulu mu njira za metabolic ndipo imachepetsa shuga ya magazi. Chifukwa cha timadzi tating'onoting'ono kameneka, thupi limapangidwa mthupi la munthu, amapanga mapuloteni atsopano.

Ngati thupi lilibe insulin, ndiye kuti shuga ya magazi imakwera kwambiri, ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuti matenda a endocrine apangidwe. Kwa munthu wamkulu, inshuwaransi yokhazikika ndi 3-25 mkU / ml, mwa ana mtengo wake ndi 3-20 mkU / ml. Kutsika kwa insulini mwa mwana kungasonyeze kupezeka kwa matenda a shuga 1.

Mapangidwe omaliza a kapamba amalizidwa ndi chaka cha 5 cha mwana wakhanda. Ana azaka zapakati pa 5 ndi 10 amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda ashuga. Ana amsinkhu uwu tsiku lililonse amafunika kudya magalamu 10 am'madzi pa kilogalamu imodzi yakulemera kwa thupi, ndipo izi zimawonjezera kufunika kwa insulin.

Kuphatikiza apo, dongosolo lamanjenje la ana munthawiyi silinapangidwebe bwino, izi zitha kuyambitsa zovuta mu insulin.

Matenda a ma cell a pancreatic omwe amapanga insulin amatha kuyambitsa matenda aubwana omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana, omwe ndi: chikuku, mumps, rubella. Katemera wamasiku ano amatha kupulumutsa mwana kuti asadwale matenda ashuga amtundu wofanana ndi omwewo.

Mutha kukayikira insulin yocheperako mwa ana ochepa ngati mwana amwa madzi mwachidwi kapena kuyamwa bere. Chizindikiro china, kuuma kwa ma diapoti mu mkodzo, ndikuti shuga wambiri amathira mkodzo.

Zizindikiro za Insulin Defence

Zizindikiro zotsatirazi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa insulin m'magazi:

1. Hyperglycemia - shuga wamagazi ambiri.
2. Kusapezeka kwathunthu kwa insulini kapena kuchepa kwake m'thupi kumabweretsa kuti glucose satengedwa kupita ku maselo ndikuyamba kudziunjikira m'magazi. Maselo, nawonso, amayamba kusowa shuga.

Pankhaniyi, odwala amapezeka ndi matenda a shuga 1. Odwala awa amafunikira jakisoni wa insulin m'miyoyo yawo yonse.

Pali nthawi zina zomwe insulin imakhala yokwanira, koma sizigwirizana ndi ntchito zake.

Mkhalidwe wa insulin wotchedwa kukana ndipo umawerengedwa ngati matenda a shuga 2. Kwa odwala matenda ashuga, uwu ndi mtundu wamba.

1. Kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa mkodzo, makamaka usiku. Mulingo wa glucose m'magazi ukakwera, mkodzo umayamba kuuchiritsa. Ndipo glucose amatunga madzi pamodzi ndi izo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti polyuria - kuchuluka kwa mkodzo.
2. Polydipsia ndi ludzu losalekeza. Kufunika kwa madzi amadzimadzi kumawonjezeka chifukwa chofunitsitsa kudzipangira zomwe zimatayidwa chifukwa cha polyuria.

Popita nthawi, kuchepa kwa insulini kumapitilira ndipo zizindikiro zake zimakula kwambiri. Ngati zinthu sizinatengedwe panthawiyo, kuchepa kwa insulin kungayambitse chiopsezo chachikulu pamoyo.

Zimayambitsa Kuchepetsa kwa Insulin

Mlingo wa insulin m'thupi la munthu ukhoza kutsitsidwa pazifukwa zambiri. Kuti muwazindikire molondola, muyenera kulumikizana ndi katswiri ndikudutsanso zoyenera. Izi ndi zifukwa:

• Kudya pafupipafupi komanso kudya zakudya zopanda zakudya.
• Kukhalapo kwa wodwalayo pakudya chakudya chochuluka chamafuta (ufa woyera, shuga) kumathandizira kuti pakhale shuga yambiri m'magazi.
• Pofuna kukonzanso kuchuluka kwa shuga, kapamba amayenera kutulutsa insulini yambiri. Ngati zikhala zosakwanira, ndiye kuti mwayi wokhala ndi matenda ashuga ndiwokwera kwambiri.
• Matenda opatsirana komanso opatsirana. Amachepetsa thupi ndikuchepetsa chitetezo chokwanira.
• Kusakasa mtima komanso kupsinjika kungayambitsenso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, chifukwa chake madokotala nthawi zonse amalimbikitsa kuti azikhala osamala.
• Passivity kapena, Komabe, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri kumachepetsa kupanga insulin ndi shuga wambiri.

Momwe mungakulitsire insulin

Kwa misempha yochepa yamagazi, insulini iyenera kukhala yabwinobwino nthawi zonse. Kuchuluka kwa insulin kumatha kuwonjezereka ndi othandizira a shuga ndi mankhwala a insulin, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala otsatirawa:

• Livicin ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo a vasodilator.
• Civilina - imalimbikitsa kusinthika kwa maselo a pancreatic, omwe amapanga insulin m'magazi, potero amawonjezera msinkhu wake.
• Medzivin - imathandizira kubwezeretsa maziko amakulu a chitetezo cha m'thupi ndi chitetezo cha mthupi, kulimbitsa magwiridwe ake.

Mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala achikhalidwe, muthanso kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa insulin.

Njira yochizira insulin yotsika mtengo imayenera kupita molumikizana ndi zakudya zapadera zamatumbo ochepa. Chakudyacho chiyenera kukhala chokwanira komanso chokwanira. Muyenera kudya m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, koma pafupipafupi.

Uchi, mbatata, mpunga, semolina sayenera kuphatikizidwa kuchokera kumenyu, ndi zakudya zabwino, mutha kupeza zotsatira zabwino.

Koma zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa ntchito ya kapamba ziyenera kukhalapo mu zakudya:

Zotsatira zabwino pakuwonjezeka kwa insulin zowonjezera zomwe zimatsitsa shuga: biocalcium ndi biocin. Amasintha magazi m'magazi, kagayidwe kazakudya ndipo amakomera mayamwidwe ambiri a shuga.

Mwa kuchuluka kwa zolimbitsa thupi, insulin yochepetsedwa imatha kubwezeretsedwanso. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuyenda maulendo ang'onoang'ono omwe amathandizira kuti kulowa kwa glucose kulowa minofu yaying'ono komanso kuchepa kwa ndende yamagazi.

Mutha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa glucose pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso a BM (mizere yoyesera yowira mu ma reagents). Zotsatira zake zimayang'aniridwa ndi kukula kwa mtanda.

Zofunikira kuti chiwopsezo cha maselo a shuga alowe m'thupi.

Komabe, nthawi zina, kapangidwe kake ka kapamba kamachepetsedwa ndipo kumatha kutha.

Kodi insulin yotsika imatanthawuza chiyani ndi shuga wabwinobwino, ndipo ndimankhwala ati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamenepa?

Kuti muwone kukula kwa matenda a zam'mbuyo, kusanthula kokwanira kumachitika, zomwe zimafufuzidwa motsutsana ndi zomwe zimadziwika bwino.

Mwa ana ndi achinyamata, zizindikiro zosiyanasiyananso za insulin zimakhala ngati zabwinobwino. Ngati kuchuluka kwa magazi m'magazi kumayenera kukhala kofanana 3 μU / ml, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwake kungachitike chifukwa cha msinkhu.

Magulu onse a insulin okwanira komanso otsika kwambiri amatha kukhala zizindikiro za mitundu yambiri ya endocrine dongosolo, kuphatikizapo osati zotupa zokha, adenomatoses, ndi minyewa ya dystrophy.

Kuwonjezeka kwa insulin kumatha kuchitika ndi:

• acromegaly
• Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome.

Nthawi zina mitengo yofunikira kwambiri pamwambowo sikuwonetsa matenda.

Makamaka, insulini yayikulu imachitika pamene, ndikuchepetsedwa kumatha kuwonetsa kulimbitsa thupi kwakukulu.

Ngakhale atakhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri mwa munthu wathanzi, insulini siyimachepera kuposa gawo limodzi kuchokera pachizolowezi

Zosiyanasiyana za insulin

Chifukwa chake, ngati kupanga kwa insulin kuchepetsedwa chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ma pathological m'maselo a kapamba, tikulankhula za mtheradi, womwe umatchedwa pancreatic insuffence.

Mosiyana ndi izi, kuperewera kwa insulin kumapangidwa munthawi yachilengedwe.

Kuchulukitsa, insulini yambiri imapangidwa, komabe, chiwopsezo chake cha minofu chimasokonekera, kapena zochitika zimachepa. Mu nkhani yoyamba, titha kulankhula za chitukuko. Insulin pamenepa siipangidwa mokwanira, kapena kapangidwe kake katayikiratu.

Kuperewera kwa insulin kungakhale chizindikiro cha mwadzidzidzi. Kukula kwa matendawa munjira iyi ndikochepa, kotero chizindikiritso chake ndizovuta kwambiri.

Zosakwanira zachibale zimatha kukhala pancreatic.

Zomwe zimayambitsa Insulin Yotsika Magazi ndi Odwala Okhazikika

Zifukwa zazikuluzikulu izi, monga kuchepa kwamadzi a insulin okhala ndi glucose wabwinobwino, zimakhala zosiyanasiyana.

Nthawi zambiri, kutsika kwa insulini kumawonedwa ndi kuperewera kwa thanzi kosafunikira.

Kutopa kumakula, komwe kumayenera kuonedwa kukhala chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumakhala kovuta kwa wodwala, vutoli limakulirakudya ndikatha kudya. Zizindikirozi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti glucose, yomwe ndi gwero lamphamvu zamagetsi amunthu, simalowa mokwanira chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa insulin.

Chizindikiro chachiwiri chazithunzi chimaphatikizidwanso ndi izi - komanso kulakalaka. Mwanjira imeneyi, thupi limayesetsa kulipirira kusowa kwa mphamvu.

Komabe, mmalo motembenuka mphamvu kukhala zochuluka zokwanira, shuga wowonjezera yemwe amadyedwa amasinthidwa kukhala mafuta acids chifukwa cha njira yovuta yopanga biochemical.

Chizindikiro chachitatu cha kuchepa kwa insulin ndi shuga wabwinoko ndicho.

Zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi, pomwe minofu yochulukitsa sikuti imakula, komanso imatha kuchepa.

Nthawi imeneyi, zoipa zimawonedwa. Ndizodziwika kuti kutuluka magazi, ngakhale kuvulala kakang'ono, kumakhala kambiri komanso kovuta kusiya.

Chizolowezi chopanga hematomas chimawonjezeka ngakhale ndizovuta zazing'ono.

Kuzindikira kumatha kupangidwa ndi katswiri wozikidwa pamayeso angapo.

Zoyenera kuchita ngati magazi a insulin atachepetsedwa ndi shuga wamba?

Tsoka ilo, palibe "chozizwitsa" chomwe chitha kuthana ndi vutoli ndikupewera kukula kwa matendawa. Zotsatira zake zimangokhala zamankhwala ambiri, zowonjezera komanso zosaneneka.

Mankhwala apadera amachitika ndi mankhwala osakanikirana ndi. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi Medcivin, Civilin ndi Livicin . Izi ndi zina zowonjezera zachilengedwe zomwe zimakonza bwino dongosolo la endocrine.

Kukonzekera Medcivin, Livitsin, Civilin

Pakadali pano, Biguanides ndi DPP-4 zoletsa sizigwiritsidwa ntchito. Nthawi zina, adokotala amatha kulimbikitsa mankhwala, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala sulfonylureas.

Komabe, njira yayikulu yothandizira ndi, komanso momwe amakhalira. Monga momwe masewera amasonyezera, nthawi zambiri, kudya kwapadera komanso kusintha kwa moyo wa wodwalayo kumakhala kokwanira kukwaniritsa zotsatira zomwe mukufuna.

Kuphatikiza pa kuchepetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chamavuto owopsa, kulimbikitsidwa pazakudya ndizophatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziphuphu zizigwira ntchito.

Kugwiritsa ntchito amadyera ndipo ena, makamaka - akuwonetsedwanso. Koma kuti achulukitse kulemera, komanso kukonza momwe thupi lilili, komanso, endocrine system.

Chinthu chachikulu posankha mtundu wa masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi kuchuluka komanso kulumikizana kwa kuchuluka kwa zovuta zawo ku thupi.

Chifukwa chake, kusambira, kukwera mahatchi, kukwera mahatchi kumadziwika kuti ndibwino . Ngati mkhalidwe waumoyo ulola, mutha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku ndi tsiku, kuthamanga moyenera.

Koma ntchito ndi othandizira olemera, kuphatikiza pama simulators osiyanasiyana, imatha kuonedwa ngati yowopsa paumoyo wa odwala. Simuyenera kuchitanso kuzunza kwambiri ngakhale kuyenda masiku otentha.

Ndikofunika kuziwona ngati zowonjezera pazomwe tafotokozazi. Simungathe m'malo mwake kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kapena, kuphatikiza kwa zizolowezi zamagulu azakudya.

Kugwiritsa ntchito kulowetsedwa kwa verbena ngati othandizira kwapeza gawo lina .

Pa kukonzekera kwake, supuni ya malonda imadzaza ndi 200 ml ya madzi otentha. Imwani kapu ya od vodka ya kulowetsedwa musanadye.

Zotsatira zabwino ndi kulandiridwa kwa tincture. Supuni ya zipatso zake imayikidwa pa kapu yamadzi otentha. Mankhwalawa amatengedwa katatu tsiku lililonse. Palinso maphikidwe ena. Kulandila kwawo kuyenera kuvomerezana ndi adokotala.

Zizindikiro za Insulin Yotsika Magazi

Ngati mulingo wa insulin wa munthu si wabwinobwino, ndiye kuti izi zikufotokozedwa kudzera mu izi:

• Mwazi wamagazi ambiri. Muzochitika momwe mahomoni ofotokozedwayo ali pansipa mtengo wabwinobwino kapena sanapangidwe konse, glucose salowanso m'maselo ndipo amakhala m'magazi. Zotsatira zake, maselo amayesa kupeza gwero lina la zakudya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba akhale. Odwala otere amafunika jakisoni wa insulin nthawi zonse. Nthawi zina, vutoli si kusowa kwa insulini, koma kuti kulumikizana kwa mahomoni ndi ma cell zolandila kumasokonekera. Zotsatira zake, mitundu yachiwiri ya matenda a shuga imayamba.
• Kuchuluka kwa mkodzo wambiri kukuchulukirachulukira. Kuwonjezeka kwa glucose kumathandiza kutulutsa madzimadzi m'thupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mkodzo uwonjezeke.
• Kumva ludzu kosalekeza. Chifukwa chakumwa madzi ambiri ndi thupi, munthu amakhala ndi ludzu nthawi zonse. Chifukwa chake, makina achilengedwe amagwira ntchito popanga kusowa kwamadzi.
• Ndi insulin yotsika magazi Mabala a munthu samachira, kumva kuwuma pakhungu kumachitika, ndipo thupi limatopa kwambiri.

Njira zosinthira kuchuluka kwa mahomoni

Chithandizo cha kuperewera kwa insulin cholinga chake ndicho kukhazikika pamlingo wa timadzi tambiri komanso kupangitsa kuti shuga azikhala mthupi. Chithandizo chilichonse chikuyenera kuperekedwa ndi dokotala. Katswiri wodziwa bwino yekha ndiamene angasankhe chithandizo chamankhwala komanso kulankhula njira zokwezera kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'thupi.

Monga njira zazikulu zothandizira kukula kwa mahomoni m'magazi, akatswiri amalingalira za insulin chithandizo komanso kudya moyenera.

Jakisoni wa insulin

Monga gawo la mankhwala a insulini, pankhani yochepa kwambiri ya mahomoni motsutsana ndi shuga wamkulu, akatswiri amapereka jakisoni wa mahomoni. Monga tanena kale, insulin yotsika imawonedwa mu matenda a shuga 1.

Kuphatikiza apo, dokotala yemwe akupezekapo akhoza kukupatsani zakudya zowonjezera:

1. Civilin , yomwe imalola kusinthika kwa maselo a pancreatic, amachotsa njira yotupa, amateteza kagayidwe kazinthu ndikusintha cholesterol. Mankhwalawa amapangidwa pamaziko azomera zamankhwala ndipo amalimbikitsidwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala ena.
2. Livitsin amalimbikitsa vasodilation. Amalembera pathologies a mtima dongosolo, neurosis komanso chikhalidwe cha mantha.
3. Biocinc imakupatsani mwayi wopanga kuchepa kwa zinc, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti insulini ikhale ndi kayendetsedwe kake ka maselo. Chidalachi chimatetezanso thupi kuti chisatulutsidwe ndi zinthu zoopsa komanso chimalimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi.

Chakudya

Zakudya zochiritsira zimathandiza kwambiri pochiza matenda ashuga. Nthawi yomweyo, zakudya za odwala zotere ziyenera kukhala zopatsa thanzi, zopatsa mphamvu pang'ono, komanso monga zakudya zomwe zimathandizira kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni. Zotsirizazi zikuphatikiza:

• kudya nyama
• mabuluni
• maapulo
• amadyera, kuphatikizapo parsley,
• ndipo pamapeto pake kabichi.

• mbatata
• semolina ndi mpunga.

Chifukwa chake, kupereka zokonda pazinthu zofunikira ndikuchotsa zosafunikira, mutha kusintha mtundu wa mahomoni wodwala.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi ndi maphikidwe a wowerengeka

Masewera amathandizanso kuti matenda ashuga azisintha. Potere, kuyenda ndikuchita zolimbitsa thupi ndikulimbikitsidwa, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wowonjezera shuga kutengera kumisempha minofu komanso kuchepetsa shuga zomwe zili mthupi.

Koma maphikidwe a wowerengeka polimbana ndi insulin, ndiye kuti ndi bwino:

• mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• kulowetsedwa kwa verbena
• decoctions a rose m'chiuno.

Ndalama zonsezi zimayenera kutengedwa katatu patsiku. Yemweyo machiritso msuzi ndi infusions tikulimbikitsidwa kuti awonjezere mankhwala a shuga insipidus.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti insulini yotsika imatha kukhala chifukwa chogwira ntchito nthawi yayitali, osati kukula kwa matenda ashuga. Komabe, chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli chimatha kutsimikiziridwa ndi adokotala pokhapokha pazotsatira zamaphunziro.

Chifukwa chake, insulin yotsika ndi shuga yokhazikika imatha kubweretsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga. Chifukwa chake, zizindikiro zoyambirira zikaonekera, muyenera kupangana ndi dokotala. Nthawi yomweyo, njira zodzitetezera, zomwe zimaphatikizira pazokhazo zomwe zatulutsidwa pamwambapa, sizingakhale zopanda phindu kwenikweni.

Zitha kupezeka m'maselo a thupi, chifukwa chomwe amalandila mphamvu kuti azigwira ntchito. Kufunika kwa insulin m'thupi kumadziwika kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi vuto loperewera mu hormone iyi. Mlingo wa mahomoni m'magazi uyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi anthu opanda matenda a shuga monga kupewa.

Insulin ndi yofunika, popanda momwe metabolism imasokonekera, maselo ndi minyewa sizigwira ntchito moyenera. Ikupangika. M'matumbo, mumakhala masamba omwe ali ndi beta cell omwe amapanga insulin. Masamba oterowo amatchedwa zisumbu za Langerhans. Choyamba, insulin yosagwira imapangidwa, yomwe imadutsa magawo angapo ndikusintha.

Ndikofunikira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi, momwe zimakhalira zimatha kusiyanasiyana osati ndi zaka, komanso kudya zakudya komanso zina.

Insulin imakhala ngati wochititsa.Shuga amalowa m'thupi ndi chakudya, m'matumbo mwake mumayamwa chakudya ndipo amapezeka m'magazi. Komabe, shuga pa gawo lililonse salowa m'maselo, kupatulapo minofu yodalira insulin, yomwe imaphatikizapo maselo aubongo, mitsempha yamagazi, maselo amwazi, retina, ndi impso. Maselo ena onse amafunikira insulini, yomwe imapangitsa kuti nembanemba yawo ilowerereke ndi shuga.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kukwera, minofu yotsutsana ndi insulin ingayambe kuyamwa kwambiri, chifukwa chake, magazi a shuga akachuluka kwambiri, maselo aubongo, mawonekedwe amitsempha yamagazi, ndi mitsempha yamagazi choyamba imavutika. Amakumana ndi katundu wambiri, amatenga shuga wambiri.

Ntchito zingapo zofunika za insulin:

• Zimalola kuti glucose alowe m'maselo, pomwe amang'ambika m'madzi, kaboni dioksidi ndi mphamvu. Mphamvu imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi khungu, ndipo mpweya woipa umatulutsidwa ndipo umalowa m'mapapu.
• Glucose amapangidwa ndi maselo. Insulin imalepheretsa mapangidwe a mamolekyulu atsopano a shuga m'magazi, kuchepetsa nkhawa pa chiwalo.
• Insulin imakupatsani mwayi kuti musunge shuga kuti mugwiritse ntchito mtsogolo mwa mtundu wa glycogen. Pankhani yokhala ndi vuto la njala komanso kusowa kwa shuga, glycogen imasweka ndikusintha kukhala glucose.
• Insulin imapangitsa kuti maselo a thupi azikhala ovomerezeka kwa glucose okha, komanso ma amino acid ena.
• Insulin imapangidwa m'thupi tsiku lonse, koma mapangidwe ake amakula ndi kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi (m'thupi labwino) pakudya. Kuphwanya kwa insulin kumakhudza kagayidwe konse m'thupi, koma makamaka pa kagayidwe kazakudya.

Kuzindikira ndi chizolowezi molingana ndi zaka

Kuzindikira za insulin nthawi zambiri kumayendetsedwa ndi adokotala, koma ndizotheka kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi, komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga, popanda kutsimikizira, kupewa. Monga lamulo, kusinthasintha pamlingo wa mahomoniwa kumawonekera komanso kumva. Munthu amawona zizindikilo zosiyanasiyana zosasangalatsa ndi zizindikilo zakulephera kugwira bwino ntchito kwamkati.

• Muyezo wa mahomoni m'magazi a akazi ndi ana kuyambira 3 mpaka 20-25 μU / ml.
• Mwa amuna, mpaka 25 mcU / ml.
• Panthawi yapakati, minofu ndi maselo amthupi amafunika mphamvu zambiri, shuga ochulukirapo amalowa m'thupi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mulingo wa insulin ukuwonjezeka. Zomwe zimachitika mwa amayi apakati zimawerengedwa kuti ndi 6-27 mkU / ml.
• Mwa anthu achikulire, chizindikiro ichi nthawi zambiri chimakulitsidwa. A pathology amatengedwa ngati chizindikiro pansipa 3 ndi pamwamba pa 35 μU / ml.

Mulingo wa mahomoni amasinthasintha m'magazi tsiku lonse, ndipo umatanthauzanso za anthu odwala matenda ashuga, popeza kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kumadalira gawo la matenda, chithandizo, mtundu wa matenda ashuga.

Monga lamulo, kwa odwala matenda ashuga, kuyezetsa magazi kwa shuga kumatengedwa, kutsimikiza kwa insulin m'magazi kumafunikira pazovuta zazikulu za matenda a shuga omwe ali ndi zovuta komanso zovuta zina za mahomoni.

Malamulo a kuthana ndi magazi a insulin mu seramu samasiyana ndi malamulo akukonzekera:

• Kusanthula kumaperekedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Asanalembedwe magazi, sibwino kudya, kumwa, kusuta, kutsuka mano, kapena kutsuka pakamwa. Mutha kumwa madzi oyera popanda mafuta ola limodzi musanawonetsetse, koma chakudya chomaliza sichikhala pasanathe maola 8 magazi asanafike.
• Mukamayesedwa, wodwala sayenera kumwa mankhwala aliwonse. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchita kusanthula masabata angapo atatha kumwa mankhwala onse. Ngati ndizosatheka kusiya mankhwalawa pazifukwa zaumoyo, mndandanda wonse wa mankhwala ndi Mlingo umaphatikizidwa pakuwunikira.
• Tsiku limodzi kapena awiri asanafike ku labotale, ndikulimbikitsidwa kukana chakudya "choyipa" (chokazinga kwambiri, zonunkhira kwambiri, nyama yamafuta, zakudya zamchere kwambiri), zonunkhira, mowa, kudya mwachangu, zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi za kaboni.
• Ndikofunika kupewa kupsinjika kwakuthupi ndi kwam'mawa tsiku lotsatira la mayeso. Musanapereke magazi, muyenera kupuma kwa mphindi 10.

Insulin yochulukirapo imatha kuwonedwa mutatha kudya, koma ngakhale zili choncho, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kuyenera kukhala mkati mwazidziwitso. Mlingo wambiri wa insulin umabweretsa zotsatira zosasinthika, umasokoneza ntchito yonse yofunika mthupi.

Zizindikiro za insulin yowonjezereka imaphatikizidwa ndi mseru panthawi yanjala, kuchuluka kwambiri kwa chakudya, kukomoka, kunjenjemera, thukuta, ndi tachycardia.

Mikhalidwe yokhudza thupi (kutenga pakati, kudya, zochita zolimbitsa thupi) kumayambitsa kukwera pang'ono kwa mahomoni. Zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonjezeka kwa pathological mwa chisonyezo ichi ndimatenda akuluakulu osiyanasiyana:

• Insulinoma. Insulinoma nthawi zambiri imakhala yotupa pachilumba cha Langerhans. Chotupacho chimapangitsa kupangika kwa insulin ndipo kumabweretsa hypoglycemia. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amakhala abwino. Chotupa amachichotsa opaleshoni, kenako pafupifupi 80% ya odwala atachira kwathunthu.
• Type 2 shuga. Matenda a 2 a shuga amaphatikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi, koma sikuthandiza mayamwidwe a shuga. Mtunduwu wa shuga umatchedwa osadalira insulini. Zimachitika chifukwa cha chibadwa kapena kunenepa kwambiri.
• . Matendawa amatchedwanso gigantism. Gland yamkati imayamba kupanga mahomoni ochulukirapo. Pa chifukwa chomwechi, kupanga mahomoni ena, monga insulin, kumatheka.
• Cushing's Syndrome. Ndi matenda amenewa, kuchuluka kwa glucocorticoids m'magazi kumakwera. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Cushing ali ndi mavuto onenepa kwambiri, mafuta mu goiter, matenda osiyanasiyana a pakhungu, kufooka kwa minofu.
• Polycystic ovary. Mwa azimayi omwe ali ndi polycystic ovary, kusokonezeka kwakulu kwa mahomoni kumawonedwa, ndikupangitsa, mwa ena, kukwera kwamisempha ya magazi.

Kuchuluka kwa insulin kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi, kunenepa kwambiri, matenda oopsa, kuchuluka, nthawi zina, khansa, chifukwa insulin imapangitsa kukula kwa maselo, kuphatikizapo maselo a chotupa.

Madzi a insulin adatsitsidwa

Kuperewera kwa insulin kumapangitsa kuti shuga awonjezeke komanso kuchepa kwa kulowa kwake m'maselo. Zotsatira zake, minofu yathupi imayamba kufa ndi njala chifukwa chosowa. Anthu omwe ali ndi insulin yotsika kwambiri adakulitsa ludzu, kumenyedwa koopsa ndi njala, kusakwiya, komanso kuyamwa pafupipafupi.

Kuperewera kwa insulini m'thupi kumawonedwa motere:

• Mtundu woyamba wa shuga. Nthawi zambiri, matenda amtundu wa 1 amayamba chifukwa cha chibadwidwe chamtsogolo, chifukwa chomwe kapamba sangathe kuthana ndi mahomoni. Matenda a shuga a Type 1 ali pachimake ndipo zimapangitsa kuti wodwalayo awonongeke mwachangu. Nthawi zambiri, odwala matenda ashuga amakhala ndi njala yayikulu komanso ludzu, osalolera kufa ndi njala, koma musanenepa. Amakhala ndi zoopsa, kutopa, kupuma movutikira. Mtundu uwu wa matenda osokoneza bongo sugwirizana ndi zaka ndipo nthawi zambiri umawonekera ubwana.
• Kuzunza. Kusowa kwa insulin kumatha kupezeka mwa anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi maswiti. Kudya kosayenera kungayambitsenso matenda a shuga.
• Matenda opatsirana. Matenda ena osachiritsika komanso opweteka kwambiri amachititsa kuti ziwonetsero zazing'onoting'ono za ku Langerhans komanso kufa kwa maselo a beta omwe ali ndi vuto lopanga insulin. Thupi limakhala loperewera mu mahomoni, zomwe zimabweretsa zovuta zosiyanasiyana.
• Kutopa kwamtundu ndi thupi. Ndi kupsinjika kosalekeza komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso, kuchuluka kwa glucose kumatha, ndipo kuchuluka kwa insulin kumatha kutsika.

Zambiri za insulin zimapezeka mu kanema:

Mwambiri, nthawi yoyamba ndi yomwe imatsogolera ku kusowa kwa mahomoni. Nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa zovuta zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhala zowopsa pamoyo wamunthu.Zotsatira zamtunduwu wa shuga zimaphatikizapo hypoglycemia (kugwa kowopsa komanso kowopsa m'magazi am'magazi), komwe kumatha kubweretsa kuphwanya kwakumaso ndi kufa, ketoacidosis (kuchuluka kwa magazi m'zinthu zama metabolic ndi matupi a ketone), zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa ziwalo zonse zofunika za thupi .

Popeza matendawa amatenga nthawi yayitali, mavuto enanso amatha kuchitika pakapita nthawi, monga matenda am'mimba, zilonda zam'mimba, zotupa m'miyendo, zilonda zam'mimba, kufooka kwa miyendo, komanso kupweteka kosatha.

Insulin ndi timadzi tofunikira mu thupi la munthu. Chifukwa chake, kusowa kwa insulin kumayambitsa kuphwanya pafupifupi njira zonse, makamaka kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mahomoni, kagayidwe kamakwiya, matenda a shuga amakula ndipo chiopsezo cha kulephera kwa impso chikuwonjezeka. Kuperewera kwa insulin kumatengera mtundu wa matenda ashuga omwe munthu akudwala.

Kuperewera kwa insulin ndi chiopsezo chachikulu kwa wodwala. Ngati chithandizo sichinayambike munthawi yake, matenda amtundu wa m'matumbo angayambitse zovuta zina.

Kodi chizikhala chiyani?

Insulin - mahomoni omwe amapangidwa ndi kapamba, amakhudzidwa mwachindunji mu kagayidwe ka chakudya komanso kayendedwe ka ma amino acid kukhala tiziwalo timene timagwira. Chifukwa cha kutsika kwa mulingo, njira izi ndi zina zambiri mthupi la munthu zimalephera, chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuwunikira kuti malire otsika azizindikiro akhala ali mkati mwa nthawi zonse. Gome limawonetsa zofunikira za insulin mwa munthu wathanzi:

Mu matenda a shuga, mulingo wa mahomoni amayenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala, chifukwa hyperglycemia yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi kuchepa kwa insulin imatha kukula, ndipo izi ndizosavomerezeka kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Ndikofunikira kuyeza zizindikiro mwa ana ndi akulu kuyambira 2 kawiri pa tsiku, pafupipafupi ngati kuli kofunikira. Kuti muwone momwe muliri wa mahomoni, mutha kugula glucometer ndikuyendera cheke kunyumba.

Mitundu ya kulephera kwa mahomoni

Kuchepetsa insulin m'mwazi nthawi zambiri kumachitika ndi matenda ashuga. Kuperewera kwa mahomoni kumagawidwa m'magulu awiri:

• khunyu (mtheradi),
• osati pancreatic (wachibale).

Kuperewera kwathunthu kwa mahomoni kumayambitsa matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga. Chifukwa cha izo, kusintha kosasintha m'maselo a pancreatic kumachitika ndipo ntchito ya insulin kaphatikizidwe imasokonekera. Hormayo imaleka kubisidwa ndi maselo pang'ono kapena kwathunthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga azitha. Kuti apitirizebe, wodwalayo amayenera kudzipweteka nthawi zonse.

Kuperewera kwa insulin ndi vuto la anthu odwala matenda ashuga a 2. Mwanjira iyi yamatenda, timadzi timabisalira mwachinsinsi, monga momwe zimakhalira, ngakhale zochulukirapo ndizotheka. Komabe, kulumikizana kwa ma cell ndi minyewa yathupi kumawonongeka, kapena insuliniyokha payokha singathe kugwira ntchito zake. Chifukwa chosakwanira pancreatic, kagayidwe kazakudya kameneka kamasokonezekanso ndipo matenda a hyperglycemia amakula.

Ndi kuperewera kwa mahomoni, thupi silingagwiritse ntchito moyenera chifukwa cha kumva pang'ono.

Ngati insulini yokhala ndi shuga wabwinobwino imatsitsidwa, izi zikutanthauza kuti thupi limakhala ndi glucagon wambiri, adrenaline ndi thyroxine.

Mtundu wina wa kusokonezeka kwa mahomoni ndi insulin yowonjezereka. Kuchulukitsa kwa mahomoni ambiri kumatsitsa kuchuluka kwa glucose omwe amayendetsedwa m'maselo ndipo chifukwa chake, shuga wamagazi amatsika. Nkhani yayikulu ya insulin ndi chifukwa chogwira ntchito kwambiri m'magazi a sebaceous. Chifukwa cha kuphwanya izi, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zimachitika:

• thukuta
• dandruff
• ziphuphu zakumaso.

Zizindikiro za Insulin Defence

Mutha kudziwa kuchepa kwa insulini m'thupi ngati zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikuonekera:

• shuga wamagazi ambiri
• Nthawi zambiri ndimapita kuchimbudzi ndikusowa kwenikweni, makamaka usiku,
• chosakwanira madzimadzi zofunika
• machiritso olakwika a abrasions,
• wotopa komanso wofooka.

Kukula kwa matendawa kutengera mtundu 1 kumafunikira jakisoni wambiri wa mahomoni.

Kupanga insulin kosakwanira kumapangitsa kuti glycemia iwonjezeke, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni sikokwanira kusuntha glucose ku cellular ndi shuga yokhala m'madzi am'magazi. Mlingo wa shuga umakwera usiku ndipo ngati kuchuluka kwa insulini kumalire ochepa, shuga osalowerera umalowa mkodzo ndikuwonjezera kutulutsa kwake kwapadera (polyuria). Kuperewera kwa insulini kumabweretsa kukula kwa matenda a shuga 1. Matendawa amatha kuthandizidwa pokhapokha ngati pali ma Mlingo wambiri wowonjezera wamahomoni.

Pancreatic hormone insulin imakhala ndi mitundu yambiri pazomwe zimapangidwa mu metabolic pafupifupi minofu yonse. Ndiwo mahomoni okha m'thupi amene amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Insulin imapangitsa kuti membala wam'magazi azikhala wambiri mu glucose, amathandizira kapangidwe ka glycogen polysaccharide, njira yayikulu yosungirako glucose. Kuphwanya kwazinsinsi za mahomoni kumapangitsa kusowa kwake mthupi.

Kuperewera kwenikweni kwa insulin ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwa matenda a shuga a shuga. Odwala ali ndi kuchepa kwa wachibale, komwe kumadziwonetsera kuphwanya zochita za timadzi timeneti pa minofu.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya kusowa kwa insulin:

• Pancreatic (chifukwa cha kusintha kwa maselo a kapamba).
• Osakhala kapamba (wosagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusachita bwino kwa kapamba).

Odwala omwe alibe mawonekedwe a pancreatic, insulin imapangidwa mwachizolowezi, ndipo nthawi zina owonjezera, komabe, mwina zochitika zake kapena kuzindikira kwake pamaselo a minyewa komanso minofu.

Kuperewera kwa insulin ya pancreatic nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha chiwonongeko cha ma cell a pancreatic beta. Maselo amenewa amapanga 65-80% ya gawo la endocrine la chiwalochi.

Ma cell a Beta ndi gawo la ma pancreatic islets (ma islets of Langerhans) kapena kuphatikiza m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Kuwonongeka kwa maselo a beta ndi chifukwa cha njira za autoimmune komanso zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kusowa kwa insulini ndi:

• Kukhazikika kwa vuto la kubadwa kwa thupi, zatsopano za beta-cell receptors.
• Kutupa kwa kapamba kapena chikhodzodzo.
• Opaleshoni yamapazi, zowawa zake.
• Kusintha kwa sclerotic m'mitsempha yamagazi (kumayambitsa zovuta kuzungulira kwa kapamba, zomwe zimayambitsa kuperewera kwa ntchito zake).
• Kuphwanya kapangidwe ka michere.
• Matenda, matenda osachiritsika omwe amachititsa kuti chitetezo cha m'thupi chichepe.
• Kuperewera kwa insulin ndi mavuto amanjenje, kupsinjika. Nthawi yomweyo, zomwe zimakhala ndimagazi zimatuluka.
• Kulephera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena, mwamphamvu, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Zonsezi komanso kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandizira kuti shuga azithamanga komanso kuchepa kwa kaphatikizidwe ka insulin.
• Kukhalapo kwa zotupa mu kapamba.

Kudya mapuloteni osakwanira ndi zinki palimodzi ndi kuchuluka kwamafuta kungayambitsenso kuchepa kwa insulin. Izi ndichifukwa chakuti nthaka, limodzi ndi zinthu zina, zimathandizira kuti insulin ikwere ndi kuyendetsa magazi.

Chuma chambiri m'maselo a kapamba amapangira katundu wina, chifukwa chomwe chimapanga insulini chochepa kwambiri kuposa chofunikira.

Zimathandizira pakukula kwa insulin kuchepa kwa zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi ma cyanides (manyuchi, yam, mizu ya chinangwa).

Makanema okhudzana nawo

Ndipo chifukwa chiyani kuchuluka kwa insulini m'mwazi ndi shuga wabwinobwino? Mayankho mu kanema:

Ndizosatheka kunyalanyaza kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa insulin, ngakhale shuga atakhala mkati mwake. Kupatula apo, kuyambitsa kwakanthawi kwa chithandizo kungathandize kapena kuchedwetsa kukula kwake.

Insulin ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri kwaanthu chifukwa cha kapamba. Magazi a shuga a m'magazi amasokonezeka, chifukwa mankhwalawo ali ndi mphamvu zambiri pa zochita za metabolic mthupi la munthu.

Mlingo wosakwanira wa mahomoni amasokoneza kagayidwe, matenda a shuga amakula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo chiopsezo cha matenda a impso chikuwonjezeka. Gawoli ndilofunikira kuti kagayidwe ka mapuloteni apangidwe ndikupanga mitundu yatsopano ya mapuloteni.

Insulin yotsika imawonetsa kupezeka kwa mtundu I shuga mellitus ndi ma pathologies ena.

Ganizirani momwe mungakulitsire insulin m'magazi.

Zinthu zophwanya lamulo

Kuchepetsa insulini m'magazi - zimatanthawuza, momwe mungapangire zowunikira? Ndiwo mahomoni okhawo omwe amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Kuperewera kwa insulin ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chotsogolera pakupanga shuga. Ndi zizindikiro zotere, Zizindikiro za hyperglycemia zimawonekera - msinkhu wa shuga umakwera.

Glucose monosaccharide satha kusunthira ku ma cell omwewo; amadziunjikira m'mitsempha yamagazi. Maselo akuvutika ndi kusowa kwa shuga, kufunafuna magwero ena a mphamvu. Ketosis imayamba. Chifukwa cha kufa kwa chakudya m'maselo m'maselo, mafuta amawonongeka ndipo matupi a ketone amapangidwa. Pang'onopang'ono, zinthu zowola zimachulukana, zimapangitsa kufa chifukwa cha kuledzera.

Matenda a shuga a Type I amapezeka nthawi zambiri. Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lofananalo amayenera kuwunika glucose moyo wawo wonse ndikupanga jekeseni wa insulin nthawi zonse kuti achepetse shuga.

Mitengo ya insulin ingakhale yovomerezeka, i.e. pali kuchepa kwapafupipafupi, koma mahomoni a protein samachita ntchito zake mokwanira chifukwa chophwanya malamulo. Kenako, kukana insulini ndi mtundu II matenda a shuga akupezeka.

Mtundu wolephera

Ngati mulingo wa insulin m'magazi ndi wotsika, mitundu yotsatana ya kuperewera kwa zinthu imasiyanitsidwa:

Kuchepetsa insulin ndi shuga wabwinobwino m'magazi kumatha kubweretsanso zovuta zama metabolic. Shuga wambiri amawonekera mukuyesedwa kwa mkodzo. Glycosuria nthawi zambiri amakhala limodzi ndi polyuria. Ketosis imayamba.

Ngati simukuyamba chithandizo, ndiye kuti ketoacidosis imatsata - iyi ndi njira yamatenda. Kuchuluka kwa matupi a ketone kukwera, ndipo munthu akhoza kufa. Uku ndikuvutikira kwambiri kwa matenda ashuga.

Mtundu wina wa mahomoni osagwira bwino ntchito ndi kuchuluka kwamapuloteni. Kuchepetsa mphamvu kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa glucose omwe amayendetsedwa m'maselo, kuthandiza kuchepetsa shuga. Ndi zochulukirapo, tiziwalo ta sebaceous timayamba kugwira ntchito kwambiri.

Kutsitsa gawo la mahomoni kumayambitsa zinthu zambiri. Kuti mudziwe zifukwa zenizeni, amapita kwa dokotala, kukayezetsa, ndi kukayezetsa.

Kuzindikira kumabweretsa:

Uno ndi m'badwo wowopsa kwambiri pa zolephera. Pofika zaka zisanu, kapamba amapangidwa ndikugwira ntchito. Low insulin mwa mwana ndi owopsa chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa matenda opatsirana (ma mumps, chikuku, rubella), kusachedwa kwakula.

Mutha kudziyimilira payekha mwa mwana: mwana ali ndi ludzu, amamwa madzi mwachangu kapena mkaka, saledzera, ma diapine amkodzo amayenda chifukwa cha shuga. Mwana wamkulu amakhalanso ndi vuto losowa madzi.

Pofuna kupewa zovuta komanso chiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga, muyenera kupatsidwa katemera wamba, samalani ana anu. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mwana athe kudya zakudya zopatsa mphamvu 10g / kg.

Phunzirani momwe mungawonjezere insulin.

Njira zokhazikitsira zizindikiro

Therapy akusowa insulin lakonzedwa kuti azikhalanso okhathamira zili, kuchepetsa matenda a shuga. Chithandizo chilichonse chimaperekedwa ndi dokotala. Ndi katswiri yemwe angapereke malingaliro oyenera, sankhani chithandizocho, ndikukuwuzani momwe mungakulitsire insulin mthupi.

Njira zazikulu zobwezeretsera kuchuluka kwa mahomoni ndi insulin mankhwala ndi kudya moyenera.

Mankhwala Ochiritsa Odwala

Ndi insulin yotsika komanso shuga wambiri, jakisoni wa mahomoni amafunikira. Thupi silingatulutse mahomoni omwe amafunikira mtundu woyamba wa shuga.

Madokotala amalembanso izi pazakudya zotsatirazi:

Pofuna kuthana ndi vuto la kuperewera kwa mahomoni, kudya zakudya zamagetsi kumaphatikizidwa ndi physiotherapy, zakudya, komanso masewera.

Chifukwa chiyani zakudya? Zogulitsa zotere zimathandiza kugaya shuga, kusintha magazi, kusintha kagayidwe kazinthu.

Dziwani zakudya zomwe zakhudza.

Kusintha kwa zakudya

Ngati insulini idatsitsidwa, zovuta za mankhwala zimayikidwa. Zakudya zochiritsa ndizofunikira kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Zakudyazo ziyenera kukhala zamagulu ochepa, ochepa-carb, otsika kwambiri, zomwe zimakhala ndi zakudya zomwe zimatsitsa insulin.

Zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic komanso zakudya zama calorie ambiri siziyikidwa pambali: mbatata, mpunga, caramel, semolina, uchi.

Zakudya zochizira odwala zimaphatikizanso mbale zomwe zimapangitsa kapamba. Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zimawonjezera insulin? Awa ndi maapulo, nyama yodya, mkaka wowawasa, kabichi, nsomba, ng'ombe, mkaka.

Ndi zakudya zina ziti zomwe zimatsitsa insulin? Oatmeal, mtedza (osadya zoposa 50 g patsiku), sinamoni (ungathe kuwonjezedwa ndi chimanga, yogurts, zakumwa za zipatso), avocado, mapira (phala ili lilibe shuga, koma fiber yambiri), broccoli, adyo.

Ndi chakudya choyenera, zotsatira zoyambirira zidzaonekera kale sabata yoyamba ya zakudya zapadera. Muyenera kudya magawo ang'onoang'ono, ndikugawana chakudyacho m'magawo asanu. Zakudya zochepa zama calorie zimangovulaza thanzi.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi

Momwe mungakwezere insulin yamagazi ndi masewera? Odwala amayenera kuyenda kwambiri, zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi zimapangitsa kuti shuga azitha kulowa mu minofu ya minofu, kuchepetsa shuga. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi kumapangitsa kuti odwala matenda ashuga azikhala bwino.

Momwe mungakulitsire azitsamba a magazi a insulin? Zoyenera kugwira ntchito iyi.

Insulini ndi mahomoni apachirengedwa omwe amachititsa kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Zimakhudzanso kagayidwe kachakudya kazinthu zambiri zama minyewa. Kuperewera kwa insulini kumayambitsa kukula kwa matenda a shuga - wodalira insulin. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chobisalira cha timadzi tosokoneza chimasokonekera, pomwepo chimapangitsa kusowa kwake m'thupi la munthu.