Fungo losasangalatsa la mkodzo: zifukwa, mwa akazi, abambo, mwana, bwanji mkodzo amanunkhira zowola, nsomba, acetone

Mkodzo wa munthu umasefedwa ndimadzi am'magazi, pomwe impso zimangosiya zinthu zomwe thupi silikufunanso. Nthawi zambiri amakhala uric acid, ma ayoni ena, opatukana, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kale mankhwala, zinthu zina kuchokera kuzakudya, ma metabolites a mahomoni, komanso amadzimadzi kuti athetse zinthu zonsezi.

Fungo la mkodzo limapereka ammonia. Ndi yofooka ndipo imakulirakulira mukasiya chidebe cha mkodzo chitsegukire. Koma ngati mkodzo umanunkhidwa moipa mutangolowa kuchimbudzi (kapena mumphika), pomwe mukudziwa kuti palibe mankhwala kapena zina zatsopano zomwe zidatengedwa, chizindikirocho chingakhale chizindikiro cha matendawa. Ndi yiti, komanso choti tipeze chidwi, tikambirana kwambiri.

Zomwe mkodzo "ukunena"

Mtsempha ndi "chinthu" cha impso. Mwazi umadutsa impso - millilita aliyense wa izo. Magazi amayamba kudutsa mu fyuluta ya impso, yomwe imasiya mamolekyu akulu mmenemo (makamaka mapuloteni ndi ma cell am'magazi), ndipo madzimadzi okhala ndi zinthu zoyandama ndi zosungunuka amatumizanso zina. Otsatirawa ndi kachitidwe ka mabubu - ma tubules. Adakhala "openda" mwapadera. Amayesa zomwe zili mkodzo, ndipo limodzi ndi madzi amadzimadzi amafunikira thupi (izi ndi glucose, potaziyamu, hydrogen) m'magazi. Zotsatira zake, kuchokera ku malita 180 a magazi akale omwe amadutsa mu fyuluta, malita a 1.2-2 a mkodzo amakhalabe, omwe amatulutsidwa masana. Mkodzo woterewu umatchedwa "yachiwiri" ndipo umapangika m'madzi a m'magazi.

"Minyewa yomaliza" ya mkodzo womwe umapangidwa mu impso imadutsa mu ureters, imasonkhanitsa mu chikhodzodzo, kenako imatuluka mu urethra. Mu ziwalozi, maselo angapo ophatikizidwa nthawi zambiri amawonjezeredwa ndi plasma, komanso matenda - mabakiteriya, maselo am'magazi, maselo akufa omwe. Kenako mkodzo umatuluka. Kuphatikiza apo, mwa akazi, imasakanikirana ndi kutulutsa kwina kuchokera kumaliseche, kamene kakang'ono kamapezeka nthawi zonse kumalo komwe kumatuluka kuchokera ku nyini.

Fungo la mkodzo limaperekedwa ndi:

mankhwala ena omwe amatulutsidwa makamaka kudzera mu impso,
zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi fungo lamphamvu lomwe lili muzakudya,
metabolites ya mahomoni ena,
mafinya
magazi
zotumphukira zakunja kwa chobisalira chakunja komwe chiri njira yochokera ku impso kupita pakhungu la perineum,
zinthu zina zomwe zimapanga ziwalo zamkati mkati mwa matenda awo.

Pomwe kununkhira koyipa sikuti chizindikiro cha kudwala

Zomwe zimayambitsa fungo losasangalatsa la mkodzo sindiwo chizindikiro cha matenda aliwonse. Monga momwe zikuwonekeranso ndi mndandandandandawo, titha kuonanso moyenera. Nayi milandu:

munthu akamamwa mankhwala. Kwenikweni, awa ndi maantibayotiki (makamaka Ampicillin, Augmentin, Penicillin, Ceftriaxone) ndi mavitamini (makamaka gulu B), ndipo zilibe kanthu momwe mankhwalawa amatengedwera: mkati kapena jakisoni. Pano, pali fungo la mkodzo ndi mankhwala,
ngati munthu wadya anyezi wambiri, adyo, katsitsumzukwa, wokometsedwa ndi horseradish, curry, mbewu za caraway kapena mbewu za Cardamom. Fungo la mkodzo pamenepa ndi lakuthwa, koma mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito zolemba zomwe zidapezekamo,
pakusintha kwa mahomoni: muubwana, mwa akazi - nthawi yakusamba, pakati komanso msambo. Pankhaniyi, plasma ultrafiltrate imanunkhira mwamphamvu komanso mopepuka.
ndi ukhondo wabwino wa ziwalo zakunja.

Zachidziwikire, sizingadziwike kuti pang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha kusamba kapena kugwiritsa ntchito adyo, matenda ena sakanachitika omwe adasintha "fungo" la mkodzo. Chifukwa chake, ngati mumodzi mwazonsezi, malingaliro a fungo amapeza zolemba za acetone, mazira owola, nsomba, muyenera kuwona dokotala. Mutatha kudya zakudya zokhala ndi "amber" yakuthwa, mkodzo umasiya kununkhira kwa 1 tsiku. "Fungo" lamankhwala limatha kukhala mpaka masiku atatu atatha maphunziro ake.

Ngati mkodzo umanunkhira acetone mukamatsata zakudya zama protein ("Kremlin", Ducane, "youma" kusala kapena zina), izi sizofala, koma chizindikiritso kuti ziyenera kuyimitsidwa. Fungo ili likuwonetsa kuti dziko la acetonemic layamba, pomwe thupi silimadya glucose, koma mapuloteni omwe akubwera kuti apereke mphamvu pazomwe zimachitika. Zotsatira zake, matupi a acetone (ketone) amapangidwa, omwe amakhala ndi poizoni m'thupi ndi muubongo. Chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe a "zolemba" za acetone akusonyeza kuti nthawi yakwana yosiya kudya.

Pomwe mkodzo umanunkhira acetone, pomwe munthu samamatira zakudya zama protein ndipo samakhala ndi njala, timayankhula pansipa.

Fungo la mkodzo likamanena za matenda

Ganizirani zochitika zomwe zimagwira mphuno yathu pokodza ndi chizindikiro cha matendawa. Kuti zitheke kupeza bwino momwe muliri, tikugawa matenda ndendende ndi omwe amabwera. Mu dongosolo lawo, timatchulapo zifukwa zomwe zimapezeka kwa abambo okha, kwa amayi. Payokha, timaganizira zifukwa zomwe mkodzo umanunkhira mwa mwana.

Mimbulu imanunkhiza ngati acetone

Mankhwala, matendawa amatchedwa acetonuria ndipo akuwonetsa kuti thupi siligwiritsa ntchito chakudya, monga momwe amayembekezera, koma mafuta kapena mapuloteni kuti apereke njira zofunika ndi mphamvu. Zotsatira zake, matupi ambiri a ketone (acetone) amawoneka m'magazi kuti thupi limayesetsa kuwachotsa ndikuwapatsa mkodzo. Amapereka mkodzo wokhala ndi fungo labwino.

Acetonuria imakula osati kokha m'matenda, komanso muzochitika zotere:

kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni pazakudya za nyama,
pakusala kudya, madzi osakwanira akagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zotsatira zake, thupi limaphwanya mafuta akeake, kenako mapuloteni, koma kupendekera kwawo kwakhala kokwezeka chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa gawo lamadzi.
Ndi kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwa nthawi yayitali, pomwe madzi amatha, ndipo mapuloteni ndi mafuta (ake kapena ochokera ku chakudya) amamwa ngati mphamvu,
ndi ntchito yayikulu
kuledzera, pakakhala zovuta pa kapamba (mwachitsanzo, pakumwa zakumwa zazikulu),
Pambuyo pa opaleshoni yodziwika bwino, yomwe imaphatikizapo kupumula kwamisempha yonse yamatumbo.

Nthenda yayikulu pakati pa akulu, yomwe imapangitsa "zolemba" za acetone, ndizovuta za shuga monga ketoacidosis, yomwe ndi chiopsezo cha moyo. Munthu samadziwa kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga, chifukwa chake, pakanapanda zifukwa zomwe zalembedwa pamwambapa, muyenera kuganizira nthawi yomweyo za matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis ndipo mufunsane ndi dokotala mpaka atayamba kudwala ketoacidotic.

Muyeneranso kuganizira za matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis pomwe, zikuwoneka, motsutsana ndi maziko azaumoyo wathunthu, ngakhale munthu sanadye chakudya chamadzulo, zakudya, saladi ndi mayonesi, zomwe zinali mufiriji kwa masiku opitilira 3, kapena ma pie mu bazaar kapena masitima apamtunda, zizindikiro za poyizoni zimawonekera mwadzidzidzi. : Kudwala, kusanza kumayamba, m'mimba mumatha kupweteka. Ndipo izi zisanachitike, munthu amatha kuganizira za kuchuluka kwa ludzu, kukodza usiku, kuchiritsa mabala, kusokonekera kwa mano. Ndipo madzulo a "poyizoni," akhoza kukhala kuti amangomwa zakudya zotsekemera, koma sizingakhale chonchi: maselo ena ochulukirapo omwe amapanga insulin adamwalira, ndipo tsopano thupi silingapeze mphamvu kuchokera ku shuga.

Zachidziwikire, kafungo ka fungo lamkodzo kuchokera mkodzo wa wodwalayo wokhala ndi matenda opatsirana a shuga kuyenera kupangitsa munthu kuganiza za ketoacidosis ndi kufunsa dokotala mwachangu. Mwa odwala matenda ashuga, matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha:

kudumpha jakisoni wa insulin
kugwiritsa ntchito insulin yokonzekera,
kukula kwa matenda opatsirana motsutsana ndi matenda a shuga,
kuvulala
kupsinjika
kuphatikiza kwa matenda osokoneza bongo a shuga ndi matenda ena amtundu wa endocrine: thyrotooticosis, Cushing's syndrome, pheochromocetoma, acromegaly,
matenda opareshoni ndi opareshoni.

Kuphatikiza pa shuga, acetonuria imadziwika ndi matenda monga:

1. poyizoni ndi phosphorous, lead, zitsulo zolemera,
2. kufinya kwam'mimba dongosolo (stenosis) chifukwa cha kutupa kapena kukula khoma la neoplasm - zilonda kapena chosaopsa.

Ngakhale pali matenda ndi mitundu yambiri yomwe mkodzo umakhala ndi "mzimu" wa acetone, chinthu choyamba kupatula shuga.

"Mano" a acetone mwa akazi

Maonekedwe a amber otere mwa amayi achichepere omwe s amadya mapuloteni ndipo samamwa mowa kwambiri ndizowopsa nthawi yapakati. Kuyambika m'nthawi yoyambilira, pomwe mayiyo sadziwa za "kusangalatsa" kwake, zimawonetsa kuchepa thupi ndikamatsutsana ndi mseru komanso kusanza.

Mu ma trimesters atatu okonzekera kubereka, mawonekedwe a fungo la acetone nthawi zambiri amawonetsa kukula kwa chikhalidwe chotchedwa gestationalabetes mellitus, chomwe chinali chovuta ndi ketoacidosis. Ngati ketoacidosis imayimitsidwa pakapita nthawi ndipo shuga wamagazi amayang'aniridwa mosamala, shuga yotereyi imatha pambuyo pobadwa. Koma chitukuko chake chikuonetsa kuti pambuyo pake mkazi amayenera kuyang'anira kudya, kulemera ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, popeza ali ndi chiopsezo chotenga matenda a shuga.

Zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti "mkomedwe wa acetone" akhale ndi mkodzo mwa akazi sizosiyana ndi amuna. Ngakhale pa nthawi ya pakati, osati chifukwa cha matenda a shuga ochitika m'mimba omwe amayamba okha, koma enieniwo ndi omwe amadalira insulin (mtundu 1) kapena osadalira insulin.

Pomwe kununkhira kwa ammonia kumawoneka

Monga tanena kale, ammonia ndiye gawo lalikulu la fungo la mkodzo. Ngati mkodzo umanunkha ammonia, ndiye kuti titha kunena kuti wapeza fungo lamphamvu chifukwa chakuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa ammonia.

Izi zitha kuchitika nthawi ngati izi:

tikamamwa madzi: munthu akamamwa madzi pang'ono, amatuluka thukuta kwambiri - pogwira ntchito kutentha kapena kutentha kwambiri kwa thupi, kutulutsa m'mimba kapena kusanza,
ndi urethritis (kutupa kwa urethra). Zitachitika izi, zimapweteka pokodza, ndipo mapokoso kapena magazi amawoneka mkodzo. Matendawa amapezeka pambuyo pogonana,
ndi cystitis (kutupa kwa chikhodzodzo). Zizindikiro zake sizofanana ndi urethritis. Kusiyana kwakukulu, komwe sikumawonetsedwa kwa aliyense, ndikulimbikitsidwa kwakanthawi komanso kowawa kukhetsa. Hematuria imatha kuchitika,
ndi pyelonephritis (kutupa kwa impso), kawirikawiri nthawi zonse. Ngati pachimake chiwonetsero chikuwoneka ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa thupi, kupweteka kwam'mbuyo, kuwonjezereka kwa thanzi labwino: kufooka, nseru, kusowa chilakolako chakudyacho, pokhapokha pokhapokha chifukwa cha kununkhira kwa mkodzo ndikumverera kuti kumbuyo kumazizira, sikungakhale ndi zina,
ndi zotupa zoyipa za kwamikodzo. Poterepa, kusintha kwamkodzo, maonekedwe a magazi momwemo, titha kuonanso. Ululu samawonedwa nthawi zonse, koma ndi kukula kwakukulu chotupa, kukodza ndikovuta,
ndi matenda enaake achilengedwe: chifuwa chachikulu, kulephera kwaimpso.

Ngati mkodzo umanunkhira mwamphamvu mwa bambo, izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha adenoma ya Prostate. Pankhaniyi, kukodza ndikovuta (adenoma kumangiriza khosi la chikhodzodzo), ndipo mkodzo umayenda. Zotsatira zake, kununkhira kosasangalatsa kumawonekera.

Ngati mkodzo umakhala ndi fungo losasangalatsa mwa amayi, ngakhale mutakhala ndi pakati, ndi mndandanda womwewo wa zifukwa zomwe zalembedwa pamwambapa.

Fungo lovunda

Fungo la hydrogen sulfide limatha kuchitika mukamwa mowa kapena zakudya zambiri zazonunkhiritsa. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati mkodzo umanunkhira mazira owola, akhoza kuwonetsa matenda monga:

pyelonephritis. Zizindikiro zake takambirana pamwambapa.
kulephera kwa chiwindi. Matendawa ndi ovuta kuwazindikira, amakhala ndi thanzi labwinoko, chikasu pakhungu ndi azungu amaso, magazi amkamwa, malo opangira jekeseni, msambo wolemera wa azimayi (azimayi), thupi limanunkhira fungo laiwisi. Hepatic kulephera kumayamba chifukwa cha matenda a chiwindi: hepatitis, cirrhosis. M'malo ena
mkodzo amanunkhanso kuvunda nthawi zina, chifukwa cha kutalika kwakanthawi kachipinda chimodzi chakumaso - chikhodzodzo, matumbo kapena ulusi pakati pawo - njira yodutsa pakati pawo. Kenako mipweya yochokera m'matumbo amalowa mu chikhodzodzo, ndikusungunuka mkodzo, umupatseni fungo linalake. Ngati ndowe zilowa mkodzo, mkodzo umayamba kununkhira motsatana ndi zimbudzi. Chizindikiro ichi chisanachitike, munthu akhoza kukumbukira kuti anali ndi matenda a cystitis, colitis, paraproctitis.

Izi pathologies zimapangitsa fungo losasangalatsa la mkodzo mwa akazi ndi amuna.

Mimbulu imanunkha ngati mbewa

Umu ndi momwe fungo amafotokozedwera mu matenda obadwa nawo monga phenylketonuria. Zimayamba kudziwonetsa kuyambira ubwana, ndipo ngati mwana sanasamutsidwe ku zakudya zapadera zomwe sizikhala ndi phenylalanine amino acid, zimapangitsa kuti abwerere m'maganizo.

Tsopano ana amayesedwa phenylketonuria atangobadwa, kotero muzochitika zina zomwe zimatha kupezeka patapita zaka 2-4 (pokhapokha ngati mwaiwala kuchita izi mu chipatala kapena atatha ma reagents). Akuluakulu, matendawa samayamba.

Fungo la nsomba

Ngati mkodzo umanunkhira ngati nsomba, itha kukhala imodzi mwamagawo otsatirawa:

Trimethylaminuria. Awa ndi matenda obadwa nawo omwe ma metabolite omwe samapangika amamine acid trimethylamine amadziunjikira m'thupi. Zotsatira zake, thupi lokha limayamba kununkhira ngati nsomba. Simamva ndi munthu wodwala, koma imamveka ndi aliyense pafupi. “Fungo” lansomba limasakanikirana ndi mkodzo ndi thukuta ndikupatsa zakumwa izi kununkhira kofananira. Chifukwa cha izi, munthu amakhala ndi mavuto amtundu womwe umayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro.
Matenda a gardnerellosis a genitourinary thirakiti, makamaka kwa akazi. Gardnerella ndi bacterium wapadera yemwe amayamba kuchulukitsa makamaka mu nyini ya mkaziyo pamene kusuntha kwazinthu zinanso zam'magazi zikasokonekera. Izi sizimayambitsa "makamaka zoyipa". Pokhapokha, makamaka, mawonekedwe ofatsa a mucous mucous, ndi fungo la zowola zamkati kumaliseche mwa akazi kapena kuchokera ku urethra mwa amuna. Nthawi zina, makamaka ndi kuchepa kwa chitetezo chokwanira, gardnerella amachititsa kukula kwa cystitis, pyelonephritis mwa amuna ndi prostatitis, epididymitis mu akazi ndi amuna onse.
Pafupipafupi, kachilombo ka bakiteriya (staphylococcus, Escherichia coli, streptococcus) cha matenda amtundu. Pankhaniyi, zizindikiro za cystitis kapena urethritis zomwe tafotokozazi zimayamba.

Fungo lamowa

Sifotokoza fungo la mkodzo mwa amuna omwe amamwa mowa wambiri, koma chizindikiro cha matenda omwe amatchedwa "malabsorption". Uku ndi mkhalidwe momwe mayamwidwe azakudya m'matumbo amasokonezedwa. Amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe a kutsekula m'mimba ndikutulutsa kwamafuta, osasamba bwino chimbudzi, kuchotsera thupi. Popeza thupi limalandira zinthu zochepa zofunika, kapangidwe kazinthu zonse zachilengedwe, kuphatikizapo mkodzo, zimasintha.

Hypermethioninemia - kuchuluka kwa amino acid methionine m'magazi. Ngati cholowa (kuphatikizapo matenda a homocystinuria ndi tyrosinosis), fungo la zinthu zolimbitsa thupi limasintha ngakhale paubwana.Chifukwa chake, mkodzo umapeza amber ya mowa kapena msuzi wa kabichi, ndipo chopondapo chimayamba kununkhira ngati mafuta osalala.

Nthawi zina kununkhira kwa mowa kumadziwika ndi kununkhira kwa mkodzo pakulephera kwa chiwindi. Chifukwa chake titha kunena, izi zitachitika chifukwa cha kukhathamiritsa kwa methionine yambiri, komanso matenda amtundu wa tyrosinosis ndi homocystinuria (amayamba ana). Nthawi zambiri kulephera kwa chiwindi, mkodzo umangokhala ndi mtundu wakuda, wofanana ndi zakumwa zakuda, ndipo ngati chiwindi chikulephera kugwira ntchito yake (mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha hepatitis yayikulu), ndiye kuti kununkhira kosasangalatsa kwa chiwindi chaphokoso kumawonekera kuchokera mthupi la munthu, kuchokera kuthukuta ndi mkodzo wake. Anthu ena amati mkodzo pamavuto otere umayamba kununkhira ngati nsomba yowola kapena adyo.

Pofungo, fungo loipa

Chifukwa chake, ambiri, pachimake purulent urethritis kapena pachimake purulent cystitis amafotokozedwa. Ululu wam'mimba, kukodza kowawa kumabwera pazochitika izi, zikuwoneka kuti pambuyo paulendo uliwonse wopita kuchimbudzi, sikuti chilichonse chimasulidwa kuchokera ku chikhodzodzo. Mwanjira imeneyi, mkodzo umatha kukhala ndi mitsitsi, magazi, ngakhale mafinya achikasu kapena achikasu.

Fecal fungo la mkodzo

Kupanga motsutsana ndi maziko a zovuta zomwe zimakhalapo kwanthawi yayitali pokodza kapena kuperewera (kupweteka kwawo, zovuta), chizindikiro ichi chikuwonetsa chitukuko cha fistula - njira yodzetsa matenda pakati pamatumbo am'mimba ndi matumbo.

Ngati mkodzo unayamba kununkhira zakumwa zokhala ndi thanzi lathunthu, mwina izi zinachitika chifukwa cha ukhondo.

Sinthani "fungo" m'mawa wokha

Ngati mkodzo umakhala ndi fungo losasangalatsa m'mawa wokha, ndiye kuti izi zimangowonetsa kuchepa kwamadzi pang'ono, zakudya zamafuta ochepa kapena kufa ndi njala, kapena kuperewera kwamkodzo, komwe kumatha kuyamba chifukwa cha:

urolithiasis,
zotupa ndi zotupa zamkodzo,
mwa amuna, prostatitis, chotupa kapena chosaopsa cha prostate.

Kuphatikiza apo, vutoli limatha kuchitika chifukwa cha ukhondo wamadzulo madzulo, makamaka ngati wamkulu (izi zitha kukhala zonse mwamuna ndi mkazi) atagonana ndi amuna kapena akazi.

Pomwe samanunkhiza komanso kusintha kwa utoto

Tsopano ngati pali mkodzo wakuda womwe uli ndi fungo losasangalatsa:

Matenda a impso. Ngati mafunde ndi mitsitsi yamagazi ofiira apezeka kwambiri chifukwa cha cystitis ndi urethritis, ndiye kuti kutupa kapena chotupa mu impso, pomwe mkodzo umapangidwa mwachindunji, ziwiya zowonongeka zimayambitsa mwachindunji kuthamanga kwamadzi. Mankhwala a impso amatha kukhala asymptomatic, ndipo kutupa kwa chiwalo cholumikizidwa kumayambitsa kupweteka kumbuyo, kukulitsa kwambiri, komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi.
Kulephera kwamkati pamlingo wopanga plasma yaying'ono. Pankhaniyi, mkodzo ndi wakuda (wokhazikika), sikokwanira, umanunkhira mwamphamvu ammonia. Kulephera kwammimba kumayamba kumapeto kwa matenda aliwonse a impso, kapena motsutsana ndi kusowa kwamadzi, kapena chifukwa cha matenda aliwonse oyipa.
Hepatic kulephera, kukula chifukwa cha matenda a chiwindi ndi ndulu. Zizindikiro monga kufooka, nseru, magazi, chikasu pakhungu.
Hypermethioninemia, mu akulu - amakula chifukwa cha chiwindi kapena impso.

Ndi matenda ati omwe amatha kusintha fungo la mkodzo mwa mwana

Kusintha kwa fungo la mkodzo mwa mwana kungachitike chifukwa cha:

matenda obadwa nawo. Pankhaniyi, "amber" amawonekera pafupifupi akangobadwa kapena chaka choyamba cha moyo. Kaŵirikaŵiri (mwachitsanzo, ndi matenda ashuga), matenda obadwa nawo amawonekera paukalamba,
zomwe zidapezeka: izi zimatha kuchitika onse akangobadwa (monga momwe zimakhalira ndi gardnerellosis, pomwe bacterium idasamutsidwa kuchoka kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana nthawi yobala), komanso nthawi ina iliyonse,
kusakhazikika kwa ziwalo zamkati.

Matenda obadwa nawo amaphatikizapo:

Leucinosis ndi kobadwa nako kuwonongeka kwa amino acid metabolism. Makolo angazindikire kuti atakodza, "fungo" lachilendo limatuluka kuchokera mu diaper, yomwe imafotokozeredwa ngati zotsekemera, zamankhwala, zofanana ndi "mapulo manyuchi" (dzina lachiwiri la matenda a matenda am'mimba ndi fungo la mapulo manyosi). Nthawi ndi nthawi, fungo lokoma limasinthika kukhala "amber" ya acetone chifukwa chakuti thupi limagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ngati gawo lapansi lamphamvu. Ngati matenda atapezeka mu nthawi yake ndipo mwana samadyetsedwa mosakanikirana ndi zina zapadera, matendawa amatha.
Homocystinuria. Amayamba mwana. Ana otere amayamba kukwawa mochedwa, kukhala, kumakhala ndi kukokana, mayendedwe ofanana ndi nthabwala. Pali zowonongeka m'maso, tsitsi locheperako, thukuta, khungu louma. Popita nthawi, ngati simukufufuza ndikuyamba kutsatira zakudya, kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha kumapita patsogolo. Popeza matendawa amatengera kuchuluka kwa magazi a methionine, mkodzo umayamba kununkhira ngati mowa kapena kabichi decoction.
Tyrosinosis ndi matenda obadwa nawo obadwa nawo kumene impso, chiwindi zimakhudzidwa chifukwa cha vuto la tyrosine metabolism, ndipo mkhalidwe wamafupa umasintha. Ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa ndi kufupika (ndiko kuti, kwakanthawi, kwakanthawi) tyrosinuria, yomwe imawonedwa m'zaka zonse za 10 zakubadwa komanso mwana aliyense wakhanda wachitatu asanabadwe. Ndi matendawa, mkodzo amamva ngati mowa kapena msuzi wa kabichi.
Shuga mellitus mkodzo akayamba kununkhira maapulo ophika. Matendawa ana akhoza kuwonekera pokhazikika ndi ketoacidotic mkhalidwe. Ndiye kuti mkodzo umakhala ndi "amber" wa acetone, mwana amakhala ndi mseru, kusanza, kumatha kupweteka kwam'mimba, chifukwa chake ana nthawi zambiri amagonekedwa m'chipatala ndi "poizoni" kapena "m'mimba owopsa".
Trimethylaminuria, zomwe tafotokozazi. Potere, tanthauzo la kununkhira kwa makolo kumati mwana amanunkhira nsomba kuchokera mkodzo, thukuta ndi khungu.
Phenylketonuria. Madzi amtundu wosefera amamva fungo ngati mbewa.

Achilengedwe opezeka ndizomwe zimaganiziridwa mwa akulu:

Kulephera kwa aimpso - kuphatikiza pakusowa kwamadzi, komwe kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda oyamba m'matumbo ndikusanza, matenda omwe amatentha kwambiri, kukhala nthawi yayitali m'chipinda chofundira,
pyelonephritis,
matenda amitsempha
cystitis.

Ndi ma pathologies onsewa, fungo la mkodzo limawunikidwa pang'onopang'ono. Makolo ena amamva ammonia, pomwe mphuno ya ena imakamba za mphamvu ya hydrogen sulfide, zowola, mafinya kapena nsomba.

Zopezekazo zimaphatikizanso kuchepa kwa vitamini D mwa makanda. Zimadziwonekera makamaka ngati mwana sanalandire zakudya zoyenera komanso osakwanira mumsewu, pomwe kuwala kwa dzuwa kwa dzuwa kumathandizira kuti mavitaminiwa apangidwe pakhungu. Ndikusowa kwa Vitamini D, ngakhale asanakhalepo maulosi ooneka bwino, mwana azindikirira thukuta (makamaka kumbuyo kwa mutu), ndipo mkodzo ndi thukuta ziyamba kununkhira wowawasa.

Fungo lalikulu lomwe mkodzo umapeza mwa mwana kuyambira pa zaka 12 ndi acetone. Nthawi zina, zimatha kuphatikizidwa ndi kukula kwa matenda a shuga mellitus - ketoacidosis, koma nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha acetonuria ndi chosiyana. Chifukwa chake, chakudya cham'mimba ndi kapamba ka mwana mpaka zaka 12 sichikudziwabe momwe angachitire ndikakhala ndi nkhawa, ndipo zikachitika, zimapereka chidziwitso kuti zigwetsa mapuloteni kapena mafinya mphamvu:

toyambitsa matenda kapena ma virus: pafupipafupi - matenda am'matumbo (makamaka rotavirus), kawirikawiri - chimfine,
mankhwala ndi maantibayotiki ena
kusowa kwamadzi pa nthawi ya matenda,
matenda oyamba ndi nyongolotsi
kupsinjika
hypothermia kapena kutentha kwambiri.

"Choyipa" chakuti nthawi ndi nthawi kuchokera kwa mwana komanso machitidwe ake olimbitsa thupi amatha kununkhira kwa diathesis - kusinthika kwapadera komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda obwera chifukwa cha matupi athu.

Zoyenera kuchita ngati mkodzo wayamba kununkhira zosasangalatsa

Chithandizo cha mkodzo wopanda mkodzo zimatengera chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli ndipo chimayikidwa palokha. Chifukwa chake, ndi kulephera kwa chiwindi kapena impso - uku ndikofunika kuchipatala kuchipatala chapadera, chomwe chili ndi chipinda chothandizira kwambiri. Pamenepo, madotolo othandizanso kuyang'anira thanzi la ola lathunthu ndikusintha mwa kuyambitsa zinthu zofunikira malinga ndi mtundu wowerengeka, wowerengeka.

Pankhani ya matenda a kwamikodzo thirakiti (cystitis, urethritis), mankhwalawa amakhala ndi kumwa maantibayotiki, nthawi zina kutsuka ziwalo zopweteka ndi mayankho a antiseptic.

Ma tumor amtundu wa genitourinary amathandizidwa ndikuchotsa, ndipo ngati maselo owopsa apezeka mwa iwo, ndiye kuti amathandizidwa ndi chemo ndi / kapena radiation therapy. Ngati cholowa cholowa matenda atapezeka, ndiye kuti ndi zakudya zapadera zokha zomwe zingathandize, ndipo nthawi zina - kuyesa kwa majini.

Mkhalidwe wa acetonemic mu ana ndi akulu amathandizidwa kuchipatala, komwe thupi la wodwalayo limadzazidwa ndimadzi ndi glucose yofunikira. Kukumana kwa acetone kumachepa pamene ma carbohydrate ovuta (Xylate) amaloledwa kulowa m'mitsempha ndipo zothetsera monga Citrarginine, Stimol, Betargin zimatengedwa ndi pakamwa (siziperekedwa kwa amayi apakati). Ana amapangidwanso enemas ndi yankho la 1% ya koloko, ndipo amapatsa Borjomi kapena Polyana Kvasova mkatikati, momwe amamasulidwa ndi mpweya.

Ndi chitukuko cha ketoacidotic state, mankhwalawa amafanana ndi acetonemic syndrome, kuphatikiza kwamitsempha yankho la gluionic ndi glucose kumachitika nthawi yomweyo ndi kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono mu shuga komanso insulin.

Chomwe chimapangitsa fungo losasangalatsa la mkodzo kutsimikiza kugwiritsa ntchito mayeso a mkodzo: mogwirizana ndi kutsimikiza kwa glucose ndi matupi a ketone, malinga ndi Nechiporenko, kufufuza kwa bacteria, kutsimikiza kwa amino acid ndi ma metabolites awo mu mkodzo. Malinga ndi kununkhira kumodzi, palibe aliyense m'malingaliro awo oyenera omwe amatsatira popanda kuzindikira koyenera.

Njira yakuchitika komanso zomwe zingachitike

Mafuta, atalowa m'thupi la munthu, amakumana ndi michere yambiri yomwe glucose amalowa m'magazi, ndipo ndiye gwero lamphamvu. Pali nthawi zina pakakhala kuti pali cholakwika pakugulitsa zinthu zotere, ndiye kuti thupi limapanga mapuloteni ake ndi mafuta. Chifukwa cha kusakwaniritsidwa kwa zinthuzi, matupi a ketone amatulutsidwa omwe amathawa kudzera m'madzi athupi lathu, kotero kuti mkodzo umatha kukhala ndi fungo linalake. Kusunthira m'magazi, zinthu zowopsazi zimakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa m'maselo a ubongo, chiwindi, ndi ziwalo zina.

Mothandizidwa ndi matupi awa pamtima, kulephera kwamtima kumatha. Koma chowopsa kwambiri pazotsatira zoyipitsitsa ndi chikomokere ndi imfa yotsatira.

Ngati chithandizo cha matendawa sichinayambike nthawi yomweyo, zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zina, mwachitsanzo, mwa amayi apakati, mkhalidwewo ungalankhule za zovuta zazikulu za metabolic zomwe zingasokoneze kukula kwa mwana m'mimba.

Mkhalidwe wina wamtunduwu umatha kuyambitsa zotsatirazi zowopsa:

Matenda obowoka mwa akulu
Kutupa kwa mutu wamutu
Kuwonongeka kwa mucous membranes am'mimba / matumbo
Kutsitsa magazi acid

Mkhalidwe wam'magazi monga ketonuria ndi njira yosinthira, pokhapokha atapezeka kuti adayamba kukula. Nthawi yomweyo, mulingo wa chinthu mu mkodzo umatha kubwerera masiku angapo pambuyo povomerezeka. Osadikirira zovuta zazikulu mukazindikira kununkhira kwa acetone mu mkodzo, kusanza, malovu, ndi zina zambiri. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kufunafuna thandizo kwa dokotala.

Zifukwa zazikulu

Mimbulu ndimadzi abwinobwino, chinthu chonyansa cha m'thupi. Amapangidwa ndi impso chifukwa cha kusefa magazi. Nthawi zambiri, mkodzo umakhala ndi zinthu monga madzi, mchere, uric acid ndi urea. Ngati mkodzo umanunkhira ammonia, ndiye kuti izi zimapangitsa kuti iziweruza zaumoyo wa anthu ndikukhala ndi lingaliro la moyo wake.

Tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta dimethyl ketone kapena acetone tating'onoting'ono timatulutsidwa ndi mapapu ndi impso. Komabe, njirayi siyiperekezedwa ndi fungo losasangalatsa kuchokera mkodzo. Ngati chiwalo chochita kusefa sichitha kukonza ma acetone, chifukwa cha momwe matupi a ketone amachulukira, ndiye kuti munthu amamva kununkhira pakukodza komanso kuchokera kuvalidwe. Zomwe zimayambitsa izi zimatha kukhala zakunja ndi zamkati. Nthawi zambiri munthu amayenera kudziimba mlandu chifukwa choti amatulutsa mkodzo ndi fungo la acetone. Kupenda zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli kungathandize.

Matenda a shuga

Chinthu choyamba chomwe dokotala adzaganize pena pomwe wodwala amadandaula za kununkhira kwa acetone kuchokera mkodzo ndikusintha kwa pathological shuga. Kuti maselo agwire bwino ntchito, amafunika kupezeka kwa glucose kosalekeza.

Mu matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba, pamakhala vuto lomwe limapangitsa kuti pakhale vuto la kusowa kwa michere. Kuperewera kwa insulin ya mahomoni kumabweretsa kuti kayendedwe ka glucose kudzera m'matumba sikokwanira. Zotsatira zake, maselo samalandira zakudya zoyenera.

Matenda a 2 a shuga ali ndi njira ina yotukukira mosiyanasiyana. Matendawa ndiofala kwambiri kuposa omwe adalipo kale. Poterepa, insulini m'thupi la munthu ndi yokwanira. Komabe, maselo sangazindikire, motero zotsatira zoyambirira ndikusowa kwa shuga.

Ubongo, pozindikira kuti thupi lifunika shuga wowonjezera, limatumiza chizindikiro kuti lipange acetone. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zachilengedwe zopanga mphamvu. Chifukwa cha unyolo uwu, poyizoni wa thupi amachitika, ndipo impso sizingayendetse dimethyl ketone.

Kudzikundikira kwa matupi a ketone ambiri kumayambitsa kukomoka kwa matenda ashuga. Zotsatira zake, munthu amatha kulephera kuchita zinthu zina zowoneka bwino, ndipo khungu lake lamanjenje limawonongeka mosasinthika.

Matenda opatsirana komanso otupa a kwamikodzo

Ngati mkodzo umanunkhira acetone, ndiye kuti ichi chikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda a impso. Nthawi zambiri, chiwalo chodulira chija chimagwiritsa ntchito matupi a ketone ndikuchichotsa m'thupi kuti chisaonekere kwa anthu. Ntchito ya banja yofunika ikasokonekera, kudzikundikira kwa zinthu zoopsa kumachitika.

Nthawi zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndizosiyanasiyana. Amawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro:

mutu
kutopa,
hyperthermia
kuchepetsa mkodzo
Kupeza utoto wolemera ndi mkodzo,
kupweteka kwa ileamu ndi m'munsi kumbuyo,
kuthamanga kwa magazi
kusowa kwa chakudya.

Si matenda onse a impso omwe amatsogolera ku mfundo yoti mkodzo umanunkhira nthawi yomweyo acetone. Pazigawo zoyambirira za matenda, matenda amatha kukhalapo. Popita nthawi, matendawa amapita patsogolo, akukhudza mbali zina za chiwalo chophatikizira.

Matenda a chiwindi

Fungo lamchere la mkodzo limatha kulankhula za matenda a hematopoietic organ. Chiwindi chimatenga gawo lofunikira mu metabolic process. Amatulutsa michere yomwe imaphwanya michere. Ngati zinthu zofunika sizokwanira, ndiye kuti metabolism imasokonezeka. Pazifukwa izi, zomwe zimakhala mu acetone mu mkodzo zimachuluka. Matenda a chiwindi poyambira amapita popanda zisonyezo zapadera. Chiwalo ichi chilibe mathero amitsempha, chimangopezeka pa nembanemba. Pachifukwa ichi, munthu samamvetsetsa kuti ziwalo zopanga magazi zimavutika.

Zisonyezo za matendawa zizikhala zizindikiro:

kulawa kowawa mkamwa
malamba komanso kutentha kwa mtima
kulemera mu hypochondrium yoyenera ndi m'mimba,
kutsegula m'mimba
nseru
chikasu cham'mimba, ma eye ndi ma kanjedza
zotupa pakhungu.

Zomwe zimapangitsa fungo la acetone kuchokera mkodzo limagona mu chakudya. Izi nthawi zambiri zimayang'anizana ndi azimayi omwe, pakufunafuna mgwirizano, amakhala okonzeka kukana chakudya. Njira yowonekera kwa zinthu za ketone pamilandu iyi ndi yofanana ndi matenda a shuga. Maselo alibe glucose wokwanira, chifukwa chakudya chimalowa mthupi laling'ono, chifukwa cha izi ubongo umatenga mphamvu m'misika yama glycogen yomwe ilipo. Kugawanika kumayendetsedwa ndi fungo losasangalatsa kuchokera mkodzo, wokumbutsa za acetone.

Ngati zakudya ndi zakumwa sizimapangidwanso munthawi yake, matupi a ketone adzasungidwa osati kudzera mkodzo, komanso kulowa mkatikati mwa ma pores ndi tiziwalo tamadonthono. Kwa anthu omwe amakhala ndi chakudya chambiri, fungo la acetone kuchokera zovala. Fungo losasangalatsa limachokera mkamwa, ndipo ngakhale kutafuna chingamu sikungathetse.

Posachedwa, zakudya za ku Ducan zakhala zotchuka kwambiri. Zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamapuloteni mopanda malire. Zotsatira zake, acidine ya mkodzo imadzuka ndi matupi a ketone. Madokotala mwapadera salimbikitsa kuti izi zizichitika kuti muchepetse kunenepa.

Matenda opatsirana

Ngati mukudwala, mkodzo umayamba kununkha za acetone, zimatanthauza kuti thupi limasowa madzi. Malinga ndi ziwerengero zamankhwala, vuto lofananalo limatha kukumana ndi:

chimfine
meningitis
malungo ofiira,
chikuku
nkhuku
zilonda zapakhosi,
matenda am'mimba.

Matendawa amaphatikizidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa thupi mpaka kukwera kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kusowa kwa chakudya komanso kumwa madzi ochepa, kusowa kwa chinyontho kumachitika. Mkozo imakhazikika ndipo imanunkhira zosasangalatsa. Chithunzi cha chipatala chimakwaniritsidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni, omwe amapezeka pankhondo yolimbana ndi chitetezo cha mthupi.

Popewa kuwonekera kwa matupi a ketone mumkodzo panthawi ya matenda opatsirana, kumwa kwambiri kungathandize. Mutha kukana chakudya ngati mulibe chakudya, koma madzi sangathe.

Hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism imayambitsa kupanga ma ketones. Matenda a zida za endocrine amawerengedwa kuti ndi owopsa ku thanzi. Chifukwa chake, kupita kwa adotolo sikuyenera kuchedwetsa. Ndi hyperthyroidism, minofu ya chithokomiro imakula ndipo mahomoni amapangidwa mopanga kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo fungo la mkodzo wa acetone, palinso zizindikiro zina:

zolimbitsa thukuta,
Kusokonekera pamiyambo yamtima,
malungo
kugwedezeka kwa mikono ndi miyendo,
kuchuluka kwamkwiyo,
kuwonda
mawonekedwe a imvi zoyambirira.

Kusowa kwa mankhwalawa kwa hyperthyroidism kumabweretsa kusintha kwamawonekedwe a munthu: maso amakula, kumangika kumawonekera pakhosi, nkhope imayamba kudzikuza.

Zolemba mwa akazi

Fungo la acetone mu mkodzo wa amayi omwe amabereka mwana ndi chizindikiro choopsa. Ndi mawonekedwe a matupi a ketone, mayi woyembekezera amafunikira chithandizo cham'tsogolo. Popanda chithandizo, matendawa amasintha kukhala matenda a shuga, omwe ali ndi mwayi wokhala ndi shuga. Kuthekera kwa kudwala sikungokhala mayi wokha, komanso kwa mwana. Mu mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, thupi la mwana silingapangitse insulini. Pathology imafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pa moyo wonse komanso kusunga zakudya zapadera.

Mwa azimayi panthawi yakusamba, kumachepa kwambiri estrogen, chifukwa chake mkodzo umanunkhira ngati acetone. Kusintha kwa microflora ya ukazi, zolakwika m'zakudya, zamaganizidwe - izi ndizomwe zimawonjezera mwayi wopanga matupi a ketone mthupi. Mutha kuwongolera vutoli mwa kumwa mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito mahomoni ena, koma pokhapokha ngati adokotala atamuwuza kuti atayikiratu njira zina.

Acetone mu mkodzo mwa ana

Makolo a ana, akununkhira acetone kuchokera mkodzo, amayamba kuchita mantha. Komabe, izi sizimayambitsa nkhawa yayikulu pakati pa madokotala. Matupi a Ketone amatha kupanga mwana wakhanda wathanzi. Makamaka nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika mwa ana oonda omwe samakhala m'malo amodzi. Ndi kuchepa mphamvu kwa mphamvu zosungiramo thupi, shuga wawo wamagazi amachepa. Maselo amayamba kutenga zosowa kuchokera ku glycogen. Ikagawika, matupi a ketone amapangidwa. Pakadali pano, mwana amatha kudwala komanso kusanza; ali ndi kufooka, kutentha thupi komanso mutu.

Pakadali pano, ndikofunikira kuyankha moyenera ndikubwezeretsanso magawo a glucose: perekani kena kotsekemera. Nthawi zambiri makolo amatenga matenda amenewa m'matumbo ndipo m'malo mwake, musalole mwana kudya chakudya. Zotsatira zake, kukhala bwino kumangokulitsidwa. Ndikofunikira kuti muzitha kusiyanitsa mtundu wa pathological kuchokera kwina ndikupereka thandizo munthawi.

Zoyenera kuchita

Pakakhala fungo la ammonia kuchokera kwa mkodzo mwa amuna ndi akazi, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa chomwe chimapangitsa izi. Kuphatikiza pa mikhalidwe imeneyi, matupi a ketone amapangidwa nthawi ya oncology, esophageal stenosis, chikomokere, kuledzera, poizoni ndi zina. Njira yochizira imadalira mwachindunji pazomwe zidayambitsa zovuta.

Choyambirira chomwe mungachite ndikuwona moyo wanu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kutsatira lamulo lakumwa. Kwa munthu wamkulu, kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi omwe amamwa masana ayenera kukhala osachepera malita ndi theka. Ngati mumamwa kuchokera magalasi 6 mpaka 10 amadzi oyera, ndiye kuti madzi am'madzi amatha. Zithandizanso kuwunika kukwana kwa impso potengera ndi diuresis ya tsiku ndi tsiku.

Ngati munthu atenga mavitamini kapena mankhwala, ndiye kuti ngati nkotheka ayenera kuyikidwa pambali kapena maphunzirowo atha kumalizidwa, kenako yesetsani kukonza vutoli.

Kuyang'anira kuwongolera kumachepetsa kununkhira kwa mkodzo. Munthu akakhala ndi chikoka kwa nthawi yayitali, mkodzo umakhala wolimba. Ngati matenda ali m'mikodzo, ndiye kuti amanunkhiza zoipa zakumadzi. Nthawi zambiri munthu akamakodza, mkodzo wocheperako umanunkhiza.

Kukhala aukhondo kumathandiza kwambiri. Kuti muchepetse kununkhira kwa acetone, ndikofunikira kusamba tsiku lililonse ndikuyenda chimbudzi cha kumaliseche. Zovala zofunda komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mapepala a tsiku ndi tsiku zithandizira kukonza zinthu.

Zoyambitsa matenda

Kupezeka kwamafungo amkodzo mkodzo mwa munthu wamkulu kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo, ndipo izi sizimakhudzana nthawi zonse ndi ma pathologies akulu amkati.

Pali zifukwa zingapo zowonekera kuti mkodzo ndi fungo la acetone, losagwirizana ndi matenda amkati. Izi zikuphatikiza:

kuchepa mphamvu kwa madzi m'thupi (madzi osakwanira m'thupi) potengera mphamvu yakugwiritsa ntchito madzi achilengedwe munthawi yotentha kwambiri, komanso pakuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso,
kudya kwambiri kwa thupi panthawi yovuta - ntchito yam'mimba, kuchuluka kwa nkhawa komanso kusowa kugona mokwanira pamayeso kapena pamene mukugwira ntchito yopanga,
Zakudya zopanda pake komanso kusokoneza zakudya zopatsa thanzi - kuchuluka kwa mafuta kapena mapuloteni m'zakudya motsutsana ndi vuto la kuperewera kwa chakudya, kukana kwathunthu chakudya kapena kutsatira zakudya zokhwima,
kuledzera kwa thupi motsutsana ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa,
kuvulala kumutu (concussion),
opaleshoni yochitidwa pansi pa opaleshoni yayikulu.

Zofunika! Ngati ketonuria imakwiyitsidwa ndi zinthu zakunja, ndiye kuti imatha kuchiritsidwa. Pambuyo pa maola 24-48 kuchokera nthawi yomwe akuyamba mankhwala, zitha kuyembekezedwa kuti ziwonetsero za matupi a ketone mumkodzo zibwerera mwakale.

Fungo la acetone kuchokera mkodzo limathanso kuchitika motsutsana ndi maziko amakulidwe amomwe amachitika m'matumbo:

kuchepa kwathunthu kapena kutengera kwina kwa insulin,
matenda osiyanasiyana oyambitsidwa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono,
matenda a hepatobiliary dera,
zotupa zoyipa ndi machitidwe a oncological,
matenda a impso
helminthiasis,
hyperthyroidism
chosakwanira kapamba,
toxicosis nthawi iliyonse yobala mwana.

Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti nthawi iliyonse mphuno ikagwira fungo la mkodzo mumkodzo, muyenera kuwomba alamu ndikuganiza kukhalapo kwa matenda ena akulu. Nthawi zina izi zimangokhala kuchitira kwachilengedwe kwazinthu zomwe zimapanga chinthu (ma pickles, marinade) kapena mankhwala. Koma ngakhale mkodzo atanunkhira acetone popanda zina, zingakhale zothandiza kufunsa katswiri.

Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi

Chidziwitso chakuti mkodzo suvuta kununkhira acetone mwa abambo kuposa amayi umafotokozedwa mosavuta ndi kuphatikiza kwakukulu kwa kugonana kosachepera zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Amayi ambiri amayesetsa kuchepetsa thupi pazakudya zopanda mafuta. Chakudya chama protein chimakhala chambiri m'zakudyazo, zimakhala zovuta kuti thupi lizikwaniritsa bwino ndipo magazi amadzaza ndi zotumphukira za acetone. Zomwezi zimachitikanso ndi kumwa mopanda malire kwa zakudya zamafuta limodzi ndi kuchepa kwa chakudya.

Choyipa china ndikuti, chifukwa cha kuwonda, oyimira chiwalo chofooka akana chakudya. Pali kuchepa kowonekera bwino kwa mphamvu yamagetsi m'maselo amoyo, ndipo thupi likuyesera kulipirira izi mwa kudya glycogen, yomwe imakhala mumafupa am'mimba ndi chiwindi. Koma atatha maola 24 kukana chakudya, ubongo umazindikira kuti "mafuta" akhoza kupezeka m'masitolo a mapuloteni ndi mafuta, ndipo izi zimakwiyitsa mapangidwe achangu a acetone.

Njala yayitali imangowonjezera kukhalapo kwa matupi a ketone mumkodzo. Mafuta awo amapezekanso kudzera m'matumba ndi malovu, chifukwa chake, ndikumakhala ndi njala kwa nthawi yayitali, fungo loipa limabwera osati kuchokera pakhungu lamkamwa, komanso kuchokera pakhungu. Ndipo pakupita nthawi, kununkhaku kumachokera.

Mimba

Pakubala kwa mwana mthupi la mkazi, mitundu yonse ya masinthidwe imachitika pamlingo wa mahomoni, thupi komanso moyo. Ziwalo zonse za mayi woyembekezera zimagwira ndi katundu wambiri: kuthamanga kwa magazi kumathandizira, kuthamanga kwa mtima komanso kupuma kumakhala mwachangu. Mulingo wa glucose m'magazi utatsika, ndipo glycogen m'magazi a chiwindi amatsika, njira zina zopangira mphamvu zimayambitsidwa, ndikupanga matupi a ketone.

Mwa amayi apakati, kununkhira kwa acetone mu mkodzo nthawi zambiri kumatanthauza izi:

Pali mipata yayikulu pakati pa chakudya,
Zakudya zamagulu ochepa zimapatsa mphamvu chakudya,
Zakudya zake zimakhala ndi zakudya zama protein,
mayi wapakati amapuma pang'ono ndi kudziyesa wolimbitsa thupi kwambiri,
wapezeka ndi matenda oopsa a shuga,
malungo kulimbana ndi matenda opatsirana pachimake,
hyperthyroidism yosalamulirika,
kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zopanda chakudya, zomwe zidapangitsa poyizoni wazakudya,
pafupipafupi zovuta
kuchepa thupi kwamphamvu chifukwa cha toxosis.

Zofunika! Ndi acetone otsika kwambiri, ndizosavuta kusintha zakudya.

Pafupifupi mimba iliyonse poyambirira imalumikizidwa ndi toxicosis. Munthawi imeneyi, amayi oyembekezera amakhala akudwala nthawi zonse, amayamba kudya, ndipo izi, zimabweretsa kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu, komanso kuchuluka kwa ma acetone mu mkodzo kumawonjezeka. Kuchuluka kwa acetone mu mkodzo kumawukanso motsutsana ndi maziko am'madzi, omwe amayamba chifukwa chosanza ambiri.

China chochitika ndikuwoneka mwa mayi wapakati wa zokonda zatsopano. Zakudya za amayi oyembekezera zitha kukhala zosakwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mapuloteni komanso mafuta asawonongeka, kusowa kwa chakudya komanso kusintha kwa shuga m'magazi. Potengera maziko awa, zotumphukira za acetone zimawonekera mkodzo.

Komabe, chowopsa kwambiri ndikuwonetsetsa mkodzo wa zinthu izi pambuyo pake pa nthawi yapakati. Kuperewera kwa chiwindi (preeclampia) kapena matenda a shuga kungakhale chifukwa chachikulu cha izi mu Ⅲ trimester.

Zizindikiro

Ngati munthu wamkulu wayamba kuwona kuti mkodzo wake ndi fungo losasangalatsa lofanana ndi acetone, ndiye kuti sangakhale wothamangira kuchipatala. Koma osasamala zaumoyo wawo, amatha kupita ku pharmacy kukayesa mwapadera. Ngati zingwe zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa acetone, ndiye kuti muyenera kufunafuna thandizo kuchipatala.

Podziyimira payokha kunyumba, kutsimikizira kuyenera kuchitika kwa masiku atatu. Madzi amadzisonkhanitsa m'mawa. Choyeseracho chimatsitsidwa m'chiwiya china ndi chizindikiro chapadera, kenako chimachotsedwa, ndikugwedezeka ndikuyembekeza kwakanthawi. Kukhalapo kwa acetone kumatsimikiziridwa ndi mtundu wa pinki. Ngati mthunzi utasanduka wofiirira, izi zitha kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa kupezeka kwa ketone. Ndipo kuyesedwa kowonjezereka pankhaniyi kuli bwino osanyalanyaza.

Kupewa

Ntchito yofunikira pakuchotsa, komanso kupewa milingo yayitali mumkodzo, imaseweredwa mwa kudya moyenera. Zimatanthawuza kupatula mafuta, chakudya chogaya kwa nthawi yayitali, mizimu ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi purines (nyemba, kolifulawa, chokoleti, khofi).

Pali njira zambiri zopezera zakudya zoyenera zomwe zimapangidwa kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa acetone mu mkodzo, koma zonsezi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndikuti zogulitsa ziyenera kugaya mosavuta, ndizochepa mafuta komanso ndizowonjezera mchere ndi zonunkhira. Monga lamulo, m'masiku awiri oyamba muyenera kukonda zakudya zoyambira komanso popanda kuwonjezera mafuta osiyanasiyana: chimanga, msuzi wazomera msuzi, mbatata zosenda. Ngati pali zoyenera, ndiye kuti zimaloledwa kuyambitsa mitundu yamafuta ochepa a nyama ndi mkaka wowawasa muzakudya.

Mwa zinthu zomwe zimayenera kutayidwa, zotsatirazi zimatha kusiyanitsidwa:

nyama yamafuta ndi nsomba,
tomato ndi sorelo,
mkaka wokhala ndi mafuta ambiri,
mafuta msuzi (nsomba, nyama),
khofi, tiyi wakuda,
bowa
chakudya chofulumira komanso zakudya zopezeka ndizowonjezera zosiyanasiyana.

Kutalika kwa zoletsa izi zimatengera mphamvu komanso thanzi la wodwalayo.

Vutolo likakhazikika, kumalimbikitsidwa kutsatira njira zopewera kupewa kuchulukitsa kwa acetone.

Zina mwa zinthuzi ndi monga:

kutsatira lamulo labwino la kumwa - kumwa osachepera 1.5-2 malita a madzi abwino akadali masana,
musatengeke nawo pakusala kudya komanso mosamalitsa,
khalani ndi moyo wongokhala, koma osangokhala,
siyani zizolowezi zomwe zimawononga thanzi lanu,
yesani kutsatira mfundo za moyo wabwino.

Mwamuna kapena mkazi wamkulu akamadya mosakhazikika, amalipira chidwi ndi zochitika zolimbitsa thupi, koma nthawi imodzimodziyo amapuma mokwanira, komanso amatenga zinthu zofunika pakakhala fungo la acetone, azitha kukhala ndi thanzi labwino komanso thanzi kwanthawi yayitali.

Zachidziwikire, pakakhala fungo la asipeni mumkodzo - izi sizitchedwa chizolowezi. Odwala okhwima ali pang'onopang'ono kukayezetsa pankhaniyi ndipo izi ndizomwe zimawateteza ku zotsatira zoyipa. Kuti mukhale ndi thanzi kwazaka zambiri, ndikofunikira kuwunika kwathunthu zakudya ndi moyo, ndipo ngati pakufunika kutero, muthandizidwe panthawi yake.

Chifukwa chiyani izi zimachitika mwa akulu?

M'malo mwake, pali zifukwa zambiri pazinthu izi, ndipo amagawika m'magulu awiri: kunja ndi mkati.

Zoyambirira zikuphatikiza:

Kuthetsa madzi m'thupi (madzi ochepa omwe amamwetsedwa, chizindikiro chachikulu cha kutentha kozungulira, masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi zina zambiri.)
Kupsinjika (kugona tulo, kupsinjika maganizo, kuchita opareshoni)
Zakudya zoperewera (kudya nyama yambiri yamafuta ndi nsomba, kufa ndi njala kapena kudya zakudya zopatsa mphamvu, kupezeka kwa zakudya zamagulu m'zakudya)
Kuvulala kumutu
Kuwononga thupi ndi mchere wazitsulo zolemera
Kuledzera kwa uchidakwa, makamaka ngati izi zimachitika limodzi ndi kusanza kapena kutsegula m'mimba

Zina zakunja ndi izi:

Khansa ya m'mimba
Kuchepetsa m'mimba mwake m'mphepete ndi pylorous
Pancreatic dysfunction chifukwa cha matenda ena
Matenda a shuga
Neoplasms, kuvulala ndi kusokonezeka kwa ubongo wamutu ndi wamanjenje
Chithokomiro
Toxicosis mwa azimayi panthawi yobereka
Matenda opatsirana, makamaka omwe amatsagana ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha

Mkhalidwe wamtundu wotere wa kuchuluka kwa acetone mu mkodzo umapezeka makamaka mwa amayi apakati ndi ana, koma amuna sakhala otetezeka ku izi.

Ketonuria mwa ana

Matupi a Ketone amapezeka pafupipafupi mwa ana kuposa achikulire chifukwa glycogen nkhokwe yawo ndi yotsika kwambiri ndichifukwa chake mafuta amayamba kuwonongeka mwachangu. Nthawi yomweyo, acetonuria imatha kukhala chinthu chimodzi kapena chokhazikika. Poyambirira, kusanza kumawoneka ndi kununkhira kwodziwikiratu kwa fungo lamphamvu la acetone.

Vutoli limawonekera chifukwa cha kuyamwa kwamafuta ndi mafuta osakanikirana, ndipo nthawi zina limawonekanso mu makanda owoneka bwino. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti nthawi yomweyo muthane ndi mwana wanu wa ana ndi mwana wanu, komanso kuwerenganso zakudya zake, ndikuchepetsa kudya mapuloteni komanso mafuta. Vutoli limawonedwa ngati loopsa kwambiri, chifukwa mwana wamng'ono amatha kukhala ndi vuto la acetone.

Zofunikira zake zimaphatikizapo:

Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa ngati kusanza koteroko ndi fungo labwino la acetone kumawonekera pafupipafupi mwa ana ndipo kukhalapo kwa matupi a ketone kumawonedwa mu mkodzo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyesedwa mozama kuti tisatenge matenda monga matenda a shuga, matenda a chiwindi ndi matenda am'mimba.

Kuphatikiza apo, kupezeka kwa matupi a ketone mumkodzo kumatha kuonekanso mwa akhanda. Izi zitha kufotokozedwa ndi kusakwanira kwa mkaka womwe umamwetsa, ndipo izi zimapangidwanso ndi amodzi mwa mitundu ya ketonuria - leucinosis. Awa ndi matenda oyipa ndipo amabadwa ndi ana. Monga lamulo, imachitika kwambiri komanso imayendera limodzi ndi zovuta zamkati zamanjenje, kusokonezeka kwa chitukuko, hypotension, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimatha ndikumwalira.

Acetone mu mkodzo mwa amayi apakati

Zodabwitsazi pa nthawi yoyembekezera zimakhala zofala kwambiri. Ntchito ya thupi munthawi ya gestation imamangidwanso. Nthawi yomweyo, mkazi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto la toxosis, limodzi ndi kusanza. Chifukwa cha izi, kusowa kwamadzi kumachitika.

Kuphatikiza apo, mayi woyembekezera panthawi ya toxosis amadana ndi chakudya. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu zomwe zimayenera kuyamwa kumachepetsedwa kwambiri. Komanso musaiwale kuti mayi woyembekezera, makamaka asanakhale ndi pakati, nthawi zina amakhala ndi zokonda zachilendo. Pankhaniyi, zakudya zikusintha. Zinthu zoterezi zimakhudza kwambiri kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala. Zotsatira zake, fungo la acetone limapezeka mkodzo. Kuchokera pamenepa titha kunena kuti kupezeka kwa chinthu ichi nthawi zambiri kumafotokozeredwa ndi zoyambitsa zachilengedwe ndipo sikuwopseza kwambiri moyo ndi thanzi la mayi.

Komabe, ngati chiwopsezo cha acetone chikapezekanso kamodzi, mayiyo amatengedwa mosamala ndipo adzapatsidwa mwayi wowunika kuti asatenge zovuta kwambiri zomwe zingayambitse vuto lotere.

Kupezeka kwa chinthu choterechi mu mochedwa kumayambitsa nkhawa pakati pa madokotala. Zifukwa zazikulu izi:

Poyambirira, kupezeka kwa chinthu kumalumikizidwa ndi ntchito yovuta ya chiwindi. Chowonadi ndi chakuti m'thupi la mkazi panthawi yomwe akubala mwana, magazi amawonjezeka kangapo. Chifukwa cha chiwindi ichi, ndikofunikira kuyeretsa milomo yambiri kuposa momwe mumagwiranso ntchito mwanjira wamba. Ngati thupi siligwira ntchito yake, ndiye kuti zinthu zina sizikuwonongeka. Izi zitha kufotokozera kuwonjezeka kwa chinthu ichi.

Mlandu wachiwiri ndi matenda osadziwika bwino. Matenda a gestational amapezeka pokhapokha pakati ndikusowa pambuyo pobadwa. Nthawi zambiri matendawa amatha kupezeka mwa amayi omwe m'mbuyomu anali ndi mavuto ndi endocrine system.

Matenda onsewa amafunika chithandizo choyenera. Iyi ndi njira yokhayo yochepetsera ngozi za zovuta za mayi ndi mwana wake wosabadwa.

Akuluakulu

Zifukwa zomwe mkodzo umayamba kununkhira ngati acetone umagawidwa kunja ndi mkati. Choyamba ndi kusowa kwamadzi chifukwa chosowa madzi akumwa, kulimbitsa thupi kwambiri. Dziwani izi:

nkhawa zazikulu chifukwa cha opaleshoni, kugona nthawi yayitali,
kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi - kuchuluka kwa nyama kapena nsomba zamagulu ambiri menyu, kuchepa kwa chakudya chamagulu, kusala kudya,
kuledzera, makamaka ndi kusanza kapena kutsegula m'mimba,
poyizoni wazitsulo,
kuvulala kwaubongo, monga kupindika.

Zotupa zoyipa m'mimbamo, njira zomwe zimayesedwa m'magazi kapena pyloric (kuphatikizapo kupendekera kwawo) zimawerengedwa kuti ndizinthu zamkati posintha mawonekedwe a mkodzo mwa munthu wamkulu. Itha kukhala:

chosakwanira kapamba, kupangitsa kuchepa kwa zinthu zamagetsi, kumakhudza chakudya,
mtundu wa shuga komanso osadalira insulin,
ma neoplasms, kuvulala komwe kumatsogolera ku kufupika kwa ubongo, dongosolo lamanjenje lamkati,
ntchito yokhudzana ndi endocrine gland imayambitsa mphamvu mu kagayidwe, kusalinganika pokhudzana ndi kulowetsedwa ndi kukonza chakudya chogayidwa,
toxicosis (munthawi iliyonse mwa mimba).

Fungo la mkodzo la acetone mwa akazi ndi amuna chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana. Makamaka akatsagana ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa thupi. Izi zikuwonetsa kusintha koyipa komanso kufunikira kwakanthawi kachipatala.

Muubwana, kusintha kwa fungo la mkodzo kumawonekera chifukwa zikondamoyo sizinapangidwe kokwanira. Pankhaniyi, amapanga michere yochepa kwambiri pakufunikira chakudya. Ngati chakudya cha mwana sichili bwino, maonekedwe a zizindikiro zotere akuyenera.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zofunikira, mawonekedwe a ana, zimaphatikizapo kupanga mphamvu, yomwe imapangidwa ndi shuga. Kuperewera kwake kumatha kubweretsa ketonuria, chifukwa chake amalimbikitsidwa kudya zakudya zambiri, kuphatikizapo chakudya komanso shuga.

Mndandanda wazomwe zimachitika chifukwa momwe matupi a ketone amawonekera mumkodzo amaphatikizapo kusintha kwatsopano kapena kutengera kwa ubongo. Mankhwalawa amatha kuthandizidwa ndipo amayambitsidwa ndi hypoxia (kufa ndi njala ya okosijeni) kapena kubadwa kovuta.

Zinthu zotsatirazi ndi mikhalidwe zimathandizira mndandanda: kuwonjezeka kwa ziwonetsero za kutentha kwa thupi motsogozedwa ndi matenda opatsirana, mawonekedwe a insulin omwe amadalira shuga, komanso kuvulala pamutu. Kugwirira ntchito kwakuthupi kapena kwamaganizidwe sikuyenera kutsutsidwa.

Zizindikiro zophatikiza

Akuluakulu amadandaula za zowawa zomwe zimafanana ndi mafunde pamimba. Kukana kudya ndi zakumwa zina zomwe nthawi zambiri zimachitika mobwerezabwereza kapena kusanza kwaphindu. Kusintha kwa zizindikiro zakuthambo komanso kusakhalapo kwa chithandizo chamankhwala, zizindikiro zambiri zotchulidwa:

Ku mbali yamanjenje, izi ndizopweteka komanso kugona nthawi zonse. Amawoneka, monga lamulo, kwambiri kwambiri ndipo nthawi yomweyo pambuyo pamagawo azisangalalo. Ndi kusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali kwa vuto lamagetsi lamkati, phokoso limatha.
Pali mawonetseredwe a kuledzera. Uku ndiye kutentha thupi, kuuma kwambiri pakhungu kapena mucous nembanemba. Kuphatikiza apo, matenda am'mimba amaphatikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa mkodzo wothira.
Fungo la ketone. Kuphatikiza apo, siikhala ndi mkodzo wokha, komanso madzi ena okhala ndi timadzi tina tambiri.
Kukula kwa chiwindi. Ichi ndi chizindikiro chowopsa, chomwe poyambira gawo limodzi chimayendetsedwa ndi mawonekedwe ochepa - ululu wosakhazikika kumanja, kusowa mphamvu. Tsimikizani hepatomegaly imalola kuti ultrasound ya peritoneum ndi njira zina zothandizira, zasayansi zatsimikizire.

Njira zoyesera

Pamene mkodzo umanunkhira acetone mwa amuna kapena akazi, mayeso a labotale ndi othandizira amachitika. Onetsetsani kuti mwawona mkodzo ndi magazi - kaya kuchipatala, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zingwe zoyesera kunyumba.

Zinthu zakunja ndizabwino kwambiri chifukwa sizongodziwa kupezeka kwa ma ketoni, komanso kuchuluka kwake. Chifukwa cha zingwe zoyeserera, kupezeka kwa acetone ndi voliyumu yake yoyenerana ndi komwe kungawonekere. Maphunziro aliwonse omwe aperekedwa amachitika m'mawa - gawo loyamba la mkodzo limaphunziridwa. Monga njira zothandiza, ma ultrasound a ziwalo zoyimbira amachitika. Ngati pali zokayikitsa za ma pathologies ena kapena chithandizo koyambirira sikunathandize, mayeso owonjezera amachitika - awa ndi mayeso a CT, MRI, ndi chotupa cholozera.

Njira zochiritsira ndi maonekedwe a fungo la acetone zimatha kukhala zandiyambi komanso zodziwika bwino. Kubweretsa zakudya zapadera kumachitidwa. Ndi njira yophatikizidwa iyi, ndizotheka kusintha mofulumira mkhalidwe wa wodwala.

Zachilengedwe

Kutengera zomwe zimayambitsa matenda, njira zothandizira kuchira zimatha kukhala zosiyanasiyana. Ngati matenda a shuga samatsimikiziridwa, kubwezeretsanso kwa kuchuluka kwa madzi kumachitika chifukwa cha kukoka kwa pakamwa kapena pakamwa makonzedwe amchere a electrolyte kapena shuga. Ma Absorbents amatengedwanso kuti ayeretse thupi ndikugwiritsa ntchito antiemetics.

Pozindikira matenda enanso a m'matumbo (zakumwa zoledzeretsa, poyizoni wa chakudya) amapereka chithandizo chawo. Nthawi yomweyo, ndalama zamadzi zimabwezeretseka, chakudya chimasinthidwa. Njira zowonetsera poyera zimathandizira kuti acetone owonjezera amuchotsa m'thupi la munthu mwachangu kwambiri ndipo samapanganso.

Zizindikiro

Pofuna kuthana ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa a matendawa, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Lowetsani:

Zolemba za Absorbent. Amathandizira kusaloletsa komanso kuchotsa zapoizoni m'thupi. Mayinawa akuphatikizapo Polysorb, Polypefan. Chodziwika kwambiri komanso chotsika mtengo chimayatsidwa kaboni.
Ndalama zothetsera thupi. Amabwezeretsa osati kuchuluka kwa madzi, komanso amathandizira pakuwongolera kuchuluka kwa asidi ndi alkali m'thupi. Odziwika kwambiri ndi Regidron ndi Trisol.
Ophera. Lekani kumverera kosasangalatsa, makamaka kupangitsa kukhala bwino kwa odwala. Gwiritsani ntchito "Analgin", "No-shpu" ndi nyimbo zofananira. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndikofunikira kuti mukambirane ndi dokotala.
Mankhwala a antiemetic. Chofunikira kwambiri pakakhala kuti mufunika kusiya kukhumudwa kapena zolumikizana nazo. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito "Tserukal" popanga jakisoni.

Monga gawo la chithandizo chamankhwala, maofesi owonjezera amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Amakulolani kuti mulipirire chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa michere ndi mavitamini, kukonza chitetezo cha mthupi.

Kusintha kadyedwe ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti mupange kuchira. Kusintha menyu kumakupatsani mwayi kusintha mtundu wa chakudya, komanso kuchepetsera kupanga matupi a ketone.

Zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa ndi zakudya ndizopusa - zimaphika kapena kupatsidwa chakudya. Ndi za ng'ombe, nkhuku kapena nkhuku. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito chimanga chophika pamadzi, supu zamasamba. Mitundu yamafuta ochepa imayikidwa muzakudya, zomwe zimaphikidwa kale. Mutha kudya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba (zatsopano komanso zophika).

Osataya mtima:

zopangidwa mkaka ndi mafuta ochepa,
zopindika ndi mkate
zakumwa zachilengedwe zachilengedwe, ma compotes a zipatso zosapsa, zipatso.

Ndikofunika kusiya zipatso za zipatso, mkate watsopano ndi masikono. Osamagwiritsa ntchito mkaka (wokhala ndi mafuta ambiri) ndi nyemba - nyemba, nandolo. Akatswiri amaumirira kuti boma lizitsatira pakumwa. Chifukwa chake, masana muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito malita awiri amadzi. Zakudya zofananira, monga ndondomeko ya zakumwa, ziyenera kusamalidwa ngakhale mutatha kusintha ndikuchotsa acetone mu mkodzo.

Pali zizindikiro zingapo zomwe simungathe kuzisamalira nokha. Pofuna kukonza vutoli, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa matenda okhudzana ndi mankhwalawa komanso kulandira chithandizo - chidziwitso, chodziwitsa. Izi kupewa kupewa zovuta ndi zotsatira zake.