Njira Ya Insulinane Insulin

I. Kukonzekera njirayi:

1. Dziwonetseni kwa wodwala, fotokozerani zomwe zikuchitika ndi zomwe akuchita. Onetsetsani kuti wodwalayo wavomereza momwe amachitira.

2. Perekani / thandizani wodwala kuti azikhala momasuka (kutengera malo a jakisoni: kukhala, kunama).

4. Chitani manja anu mosamala ndi mankhwala okhala ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa (SanPiN 2.1.3.2630 -10, p. 12).

5. Valani zida zosafunikira zothandizira poyamba.

6. Konzani syringe. Onani tsiku lotha ntchito ndi kulimba kwake.

7. Sungani kuchuluka kwa insulin kuchokera ku vial.

Seti ya insulin kuchokera m'botolo:

- Werengani dzina la mankhwalawo m'botolo, onetsetsani nthawi ya insulin, kutuluka kwake (insulin yosavuta iyenera kukhala yowonekera, komanso yayitali - kwamtambo)

- Muziyambitsa insulini potembenuza pang'onopang'ono botolo pakati pa manja (osagwedeza botolo, chifukwa kugwedeza kumabweretsa mapangidwe a thovu)

- Pukutani ziguduli pamalopo a insulin ndi nsalu yopukutidwa ndi antiseptic.

- Sankhani mtengo wogawa ndikumayerekezera ndi kuchuluka kwa insulin.

- Jambulani mpweya mu syringe kuchuluka kogwirizana ndi mankhwala a insulin.

- Lowetsani mpweya mu vial of insulin

- Tembenuza vial ndi syringe ndipo sonkhanitsa mlingo wa insulini wolembedwa ndi adotolo ndi zina zowonjezera pafupifupi magawo 10 (Mlingo wowonjezera wa insulin uthandize kusankha kwa mankhwalawo olondola.

- Kuti muchotse makamu amlengalenga, pitani pa syringe komwe kuli ma bubu amlengalenga. Mafuta akakwiriritsa syringe, ikanikizeni pa pisitoni ndikufika nayo pamlingo wa mlingo womwe ukuperekedwa (minus 10 PIECES). Ngati thovu litatsalira, onjezerani piston mpaka atasowa mu vial (musakakamize insulini mu mlengalenga, chifukwa izi ndizowopsa kuumoyo)

- Mankhwala ataphatikizidwa ndi mankhwalawa, chotsani singano ndi syringe kuchokera pamalopo ndikuyika chophimba.

- Ikani syringe mu thireyi yosalala yophimbidwa ndi nsalu yosalala (kapena kuyika kuchokera ku syringe) (PR 38/177).

6. Patsani wodwala kuti awonetse malo omwe ali ndi jakisoni:

- dera lakhomopo lamkati

- ntchafu yakunja

- kumtunda kwa phewa

7. Chitani zotayirira zotayidwa ndi magalasi okhala ndi mowa (SanPiN 2.1.3.2630-10, p. 12).

II. Kuphedwa Kwatsatanetsatane:

9. Chitani jakisoni ndi zopukusira ziwiri zosaphatikizika ndi antiseptic. Lolani khungu kuti liume. Chotsani chopukutira chopukutira mumtundu wosasalala.

10. Chotsani kapu ku syringe, tengani syringe ndi dzanja lanu lamanja, mutagwira singano ndi chala chanu cholozera, gwiritsani singano ndi kudula.

11. Sungani khungu pakubaya jekeseni ndi zala zoyamba ndi zachiwiri za dzanja lamanzere mu khola la patali ndi pansi pansi.

12. Ikani singano m'munsi mwa khungu lanu pakhungu la 45 ° mpaka khungu. (Mukalowetsa khoma lamkati lakumbuyo, mbali yoyambira imadalira makulidwe a khola: ngati akuchepera 2,5 cm, mbali yoyambitsa ndi 45 °, ngati ndi, ndiye gawo loyambira 90 °)

13. Lowani insulin. Kuwerengera mpaka 10 osachotsa singano (izi zingapewe kutaya kwa insulin).

14. Kanizani kansalu kansalu kouma komwe kamachokera mu bix kumayikiramo jakisoni ndikuchotsa singano.

15. Gwirani nsalu yosalala kwa masekondi 5-8, musamayike malo a jakisoniyo (chifukwa izi zitha kuchititsa kuti insulini ivute kwambiri.

III. Mapeto a njirayi:

16. Tetezani mankhwala onse omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito (MU 3.1.2313-08). Kuti muchite izi, kuchokera pachidebe "cha kupha majakisoni", kudzera mu singano, jambulani mankhwala ophera majakisoni mu syringe, chotsani ndi singano ndi singano yokweza, ikani syringe mu chotengera choyenera. Ikani zopukutira m'maso mu "Zopukutira zogwiritsidwa ntchito". (MU 3.1.2313-08). Thira mafuta thirakiti.

17. Chotsani magolovesi, ayikeni thumba lamadzi losavala lotayirira (zinyalala za kalasi “B kapena C”) (Matekinoloje ochita ntchito zosavuta zachipatala, Russian Association of Medical Sisters. St. Petersburg. 2010, clause 10.3).

18. Kuyendetsa manja mwanjira zaukhondo, kukhetsa (SanPiN 2.1.3.2630-10, p. 12).

19. Lembani zoyenera patsamba lakafukufuku wa mbiri ya unamwino, Zolemba za machitidwe s.

20. Kumbutsani wodwalayo kufunika kwa chakudya patatha mphindi 30 jekeseni.

Chidziwitso:

- Mukamayambitsa insulini kunyumba, sikulimbikitsidwa kuchiza khungu pakubaya jakisoni ndi mowa.

- Popewa kukula kwa lipodystrophy, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti jakisoni aliyense wotsatira azikhala wotsika 2 cm kuposa woyamba, ngakhale masiku, insulini imathandizidwa hafu yakumanja, komanso masiku osamvetseka, kumanzere.

- Mbale zokhala ndi insulini zimasungidwa pansi papulatifiriyo pakutentha kwa 2-10 * (maola awiri musanagwiritse ntchito, chotsani botolo mufiriji kuti mufikire kutentha kwa chipinda)

- Botolo kuti mugwiritse ntchito mosalekeza lingathe kusungidwa m'chipinda chocheperako masiku 28 (pamalo amdima)

- Kugwiritsa ntchito insulin mwachangu kwa mphindi 30 musanadye.

Tekinoloje yochita ntchito zosavuta zachipatala

3. Njira ya subcutaneous makonzedwe a insulin

Zida: insulin yothetsera, mankhwala otayira a insulini ndi singano, mipira ya thonje, 70% mowa, zotengera zothetsera matendawa, magolovesi osalala.

Kukonzekera kwanyengo:

Moni kwa wodwala, dzidziwitseni.

Fotokozani chidziwitso cha wodwala chidziwitso ndikupeza chilolezo chodziwa jakisoni.

Sambitsani manja mwaukhondo, Valani magolovesi osalala.

Thandizani wodwala kutenga zomwe akufunazo (atakhala kapena akunama).

Chitani jakisoni ndi malonje awiri a thonje omwe atamizidwa mu 70% mowa. Mpira woyamba ndiwotunda waukulu, wachiwiri ndi tsamba la jakisoni pomwepo.

Yembekezerani mowa kuti usanduke.

Tengani khungu ndi dzanja lamanzere pamalo a jakisoni mu crease.

Ndi dzanja lanu lamanja, ikani singano ku akuya 15 mm (2/3 ya singano) pakona pa 45 ° m'munsi mwa khungu, ndi chala chanu cholozera chogwirizira ndi singano ya singano.

Chidziwitso: ndi kuyambitsa insulin, syringe - cholembera - singano imayilidwa perpendicular pakhungu.

Sunthirani dzanja lanu lamanzere ku plunger ndikujambulitsa insulin pang'onopang'ono. Osasuntha syringe kuchokera m'manja ndi dzanja. Yembekezani masekondi ena 5-7.

Chotsani singano. Kanikizani tsamba la jekeseni ndi mpira wowuma, wosabala. Musati kutikita minofu.

Funsani wodwala za thanzi lake.

Kuyika zida zotayikiranso komanso zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa molingana ndi malamulo amakampani a magwiritsidwe ntchito opha matenda oyamwa ndi kusalidwa.

Mankhwala ophera ndi kutaya zinyalala zamankhwala mogwirizana ndi San. PiN 2.1.7.728-99 "Malamulo oti azisonkhanitsa, kusungira komanso kutaya zinyalala kuchokera kuchipatala"

Chotsani magolovu, ikani chidebe choteteza ku matenda. Sambani m'manja mwaukhondo.

Chenjezo (ndipo ngati kuli koyenera) onetsetsani kuti wodwalayo amatenga chakudya pakatha mphindi 20 jekeseni (pofuna kupewa vuto la hypoglycemic).

Kusankha tsamba la Inulin

Pobayira insulin mumagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• kutsogolo pamimba (kuthamanga kwambiri, koyenera jakisoni wa insulin mwachidule ndi ultrashort zochita musanadye, zosakaniza zopangidwa ndi insulin
• ntchafu wakunja, phewa lakunja, matako (kuyamwa pang'onopang'ono, koyenera jekeseni) nthawi yayitali insulini)

Madera omwe amapangira jakisoni wa insulini kwa nthawi yayitali sayenera kusintha - ngati mumakonda kubaya ntchafu, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa mayimidwe kumasinthika jekeseni m'mapewa, zomwe zingayambitse kusinthasintha kwa shuga m'magazi!

Kumbukirani kuti ndizosatheka kudzipangira nokha paphewa nokha (ndekha) ndi njira yolondola ya jekeseni, kotero kugwiritsa ntchito malowa ndikotheka kokha mothandizidwa ndi munthu wina!

Mlingo woyenera kwambiri wa insulin umatheka ndi kubayidwa mafuta onunkhira. Kulowetsedwa kwa intradermal ndi intramuscular kwa insulin kumabweretsa kusintha kwa mayamwidwe ake ndi kusintha kwa zotsatira za hypoglycemic.

Chifukwa chiyani insulin ikufunika?

Mthupi la munthu, kapambayu ndiye amachititsa kupanga insulini. Pazifukwa zina, chiwalochi chimayamba kugwira ntchito molakwika, chomwe chimangoyambitsa kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono kwa mahomoni awa, komanso kuphwanya njira zogaya chakudya ndi kagayidwe kachakudya.

Popeza insulin imapereka kusweka ndi kutulutsa kwa glucose m'maselo (kwa iwo ndiye gwero lokhala ndi mphamvu), likakhala loperewera, thupi limalephera kutenga shuga kuchokera kuzakudya zomwe zimadyedwa ndikuyamba kudziunjikira m'magazi. Madzi akayamba kufikirira, kapamba amalandila mtundu woti thupi lifunika insulini. Amayamba kuyesayesa kuti atukuke, koma popeza momwe zimagwirira ntchito sizinayende bwino, izi, sizimamuyendera.

Zotsatira zake, chiwalocho chimapanikizika kwambiri ndipo chimawonongeka kwambiri, pomwe kuchuluka kwa kapangidwe ka insulin yake kukucheperachepera. Wodwala akadaphonya nthawi yomwe zinali zotheka kuchepetsa njira zonsezi, zimakhala zosatheka kuwongolera vutolo. Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi, amafunika kugwiritsa ntchito analog yokhazikika, yomwe imalowetsedwa m'thupi. Potere, odwala matenda ashuga amayenera kuchita jakisoni tsiku lililonse komanso moyo wake wonse.

Tiyeneranso kunena kuti shuga ndi yamitundu iwiri. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, kupanga insulini mthupi kumapitilizanso kuchuluka, koma nthawi yomweyo, maselo amayamba kusiya kuzimva ndikuleka mphamvu. Poterepa, insulin siyofunikira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri kwambiri komanso pokhapokha pakuwonjezeka kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi.

Ndipo matenda amtundu wa 1 amadziwika ndi kuphwanya kapamba komanso kuchepa kwa insulin m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, ngati munthu wapeza matendawa, amapatsidwa jakisoni, ndipo amaphunzitsidwanso ukadaulo wawo.

Malamulo a jekeseni ambiri

Njira yoperekera jakisoni wa insulin ndiosavuta, koma imafunikira chidziwitso kuchokera kwa wodwalayo ndikugwiritsa ntchito pochita. Mfundo yoyamba ndi kutsatira kusala. Ngati malamulowa aphwanyidwa, pamakhala chiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga kachilomboka ndikukula kwa zovuta zazikulu.

Chifukwa chake, njira ya jakisoni imafunikira kutsatira zotsatirazi zaukhondo:

• Musananyamule syringe kapena cholembera, sambani m'manja ndi sopo wotsalira,
• dera la jakisoni liyenera kuthandizidwanso, koma chifukwa chaichi mankhwala osokoneza bongo sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito (mowa wa ethyl umawononga insulin ndikuletsa kuyamwa kwake m'magazi), ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito kupukuta kwa antiseptic,
• pambuyo pa jakisoni, syringe wogwiritsa ntchito ndi singano atayidwa (sangathe kugwiritsidwanso ntchito).

Ngati pali zotheka kuti jakisoni ayenera kuchitidwa panjira, ndipo palibe chilichonse kupatula yankho lomwe lili ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa, angathe kuchiza dera la insulin. Koma mutha kungopereka jakisoni mowa atatha kutuluka ndipo malo ochitiridwayo auma.

Monga lamulo, jakisoni amapangidwa theka la ola musanadye. Mlingo wa insulin amasankhidwa payekha, kutengera mtundu wa wodwalayo. Nthawi zambiri, mitundu iwiri ya insulini imalembedwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga nthawi imodzi - yochepa komanso yotalikilapo. Ma algorithm oyambitsa kwawo ndi osiyana pang'ono, omwe amafunikanso kuganiziranso pochita insulin.

Madera Othandizira

Jakisoni wa insulin amayenera kuperekedwa m'malo apadera momwe adzagwire bwino kwambiri. Dziwani kuti jakisoni sangathe kutumikiridwa kudzera m'mitsempha kapena intradermally, pokhapokha pokhapokha mu minofu ya adipose. Ngati mankhwalawa adalowetsedwa m'matumbo a minofu, machitidwe a mahomoni amatha kukhala osadalirika, pomwe njirayo imayambitsa zovuta kwa wodwalayo. Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga ndipo mwapatsidwa jakisoni wa insulin, kumbukirani kuti simungathe kuziyika kulikonse!

Madokotala amalimbikitsa jekeseni m'magulu otsatirawa:

• m'mimba
• phewa
• ntchafu (kokha kumtunda kwake,
• matako (m'khola lakunja).

Ngati jakisoni ikuchitika palokha, ndiye malo osavuta kwambiri awa ndi chiuno ndi pamimba. Koma kwa iwo pali malamulo. Ngati insulin yokhala ndi nthawi yayitali imayendetsedwa, ndiye kuti iyenera kuperekedwa m'dera la ntchafu. Ndipo ngati insulini yocheperako imagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kuyiyika pamimba kapena phewa.

Zinthu zoterezi zimayambitsa kuperekedwa kwa mankhwalawa chifukwa chakuti matako ndi matako ake mayamwidwe achangu amayamba pang'onopang'ono, komwe kumafunika kuti insulini ikhale nthawi yayitali. Koma mapewa ndi m'mimba, kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe kumachulukanso, chifukwa chake malo awa ndi abwino kupangira majakisoni achidule a insulin.

Nthawi yomweyo, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti madera oyikapo jakisoni ayenera kusintha nthawi zonse. Ndizosatheka kubaya kangapo mzere m'malo amodzi, chifukwa izi zimapangitsa kuwoneka ngati mabala ndi zipsera. Pali njira zingapo zakusintha m'malo a jakisoni:

• Nthawi iliyonse jekeseni akaikidwa pafupi ndi malo omwe adabayira kale, masentimita 2-3 okha amachokera.
• Malo oyendetsa (i.e., m'mimba) agawidwa m'magawo anayi. Kwa sabata limodzi, jakisoni amaikidwa m'modzi wa iwo, kenako wina.
• Tsambalo la jakisili ligawidwe pakati ndikuyika jakisoni, yoyamba imodzi, kenako ina.

Chidziwitso china chofunikira. Ngati dera lamatako lidasankhidwa kuti likhale ndi insulin yayitali, ndiye kuti singasinthidwe, chifukwa izi zidzapangitsa kuchepa kwa ntchito yogwira zinthu komanso kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa.

Kugwiritsa ntchito ma syringe apadera

Ma syringes a insulin management ali ndi silinda yapadera pomwe pali gawo logawika, lomwe mutha kuyeza mulingo woyenera. Monga lamulo, kwa akulu ndi gawo limodzi, ndipo kwa ana 2 nthawi zochepa, ndiye kuti, mayunitsi 0,5.

Njira yoperekera insulini pogwiritsa ntchito ma syringe ena apadera ndi motere:

1. Manja azichitira ndi yankho la antiseptic kapena kutsukidwa ndi sopo wa antibacterial
2. mpweya uyenera kukokedwa mu syringe kuti uwonetsetse wa nambala yomwe yakonzedwa,
3. singano ya syringe imayenera kuyikiridwa m'botolo ndi mankhwalawo ndikuthiramo mpweya wake, kenako ndikusonkha mankhwalawo, ndipo kuchuluka kwake kuyenera kukhala kokulirapo pang'ono kuposa koyenera,
4. kuti mutulutse mpweya wokwanira kuchokera ku syringe, muyenera kugogoda singano, ndikutulutsa insulin yambiri mubotolo,
5. tsamba la jakisoni liyenera kuthandizidwa ndi yankho la antiseptic,
6. ndikofunikira kuti pakhale khola pakhungu ndikulowetsa insulin mmalo mwake madigiri 45 kapena 90,
7. Pambuyo pakuyambitsa insulin, muyenera kudikirira masekondi 15 mpaka 20, kumasula khola ndipo mukangotulutsa singano (apo ayi mankhwalawo sangakhale ndi nthawi kuti alowe magazi ndi kutuluka).

Kugwiritsa ntchito cholembera

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito cholembera, ntchito njira yotsatirayi ya jakisoni:

• Choyamba muyenera kusakaniza insulini ndikupotoza cholembera m'manja,
• ndiye muyenera kutulutsa mpweya mu syringe kuti muwone ngati singano singakwanitse (ngati singanoyo yatsekedwa, simungagwiritse ntchito syringe),
• ndiye muyenera kukhazikitsa mlingo wa mankhwalawo pogwiritsa ntchito wapadera, womwe umapezeka kumapeto kwa chogwirizira,
• ndiye ndikofunikira kuchitira jakisoni malo, kupanga khola la khungu ndikupereka mankhwalawa malinga ndi chiwembu chomwe chatchulidwa pamwambapa.

Nthawi zambiri, zolembera za syringe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupatsa insulin kwa ana. Amakhala osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndipo samayambitsa kupweteka mukabayidwa.

Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga ndipo mwapatsidwa jakisoni wa insulin, musanayike nokha, muyenera kupeza maphunziro ochepa kuchokera kwa dokotala. Adziwonetsa momwe angapangire jakisoni, momwe ndibwino kuchitira izi, ndi zina zambiri. Kukhazikitsidwa kolondola kwa insulin kokha ndikutsatira mankhwala ake kungapewe zovuta ndikuwongolera wodwalayo!