Kulephera mu ana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga 1

Chidziwitso Chofunikira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito mizera yoyesa "Accu-Chek Performa"

Lamulo la Boma la Russian Federation la febru 20, 2006 N 95 (monga kusinthidwa pa Marichi 29, 2018) "Pa njira komanso zindikirani kuti munthu ndi wolumala"

ANAONA CHIYANI PA CHIYEMBEKEZO CHOPANGITSA MOYO WOPHUNZITSIRA WOPHUNZITSIRA NDI UTUMIKI WAumoyo WA KU RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Thandizo lamoyo. Kulumala kosalekeza kudzaperekedwa nthawi yoyamba

Abbott kulembetsa ku Russia njira yowunika shuga FreeStyle® Libre

Kodi mumagwiritsa ntchito njira yowunika shuga?

Matenda a shuga

pafupipafupi matenda a hypo- ndi hyperglycemic, com,
matenda ofatsa kapena olimbitsa, omwe amafuna kuti wodwalayo azigwira ntchito yovuta kwambiri.

Wodwala ayenera kusungitsa mndandanda wa zikalata ndikupita maphunziro ofunikira:

mayeso azachipatala
shuga m'magazi
zamankhwala osokoneza bongo
kuyesedwa kwa shuga
kusanthula kwa glycosylated hemoglobin,
kusanthula kwa mkodzo malinga ndi Zimnitsky,
electrocardiogram
echocardiogram
arteriography
rheovasography
kufunsira kwa ophthalmologist, neurologist, nephrologist, opaleshoni.

Kuchokera pamalembo ndikofunikira kukonzekera cholembera ndi pasipoti yoyambayo, kuchotsera kwa sing'anga kupita kwa MSEC, mawu ochokera kwa wodwalayo, kuchotsera kuti wodwalayo amathandizidwa kuchipatala kapena nthawi yapaderadera.

Kodi mtundu 1 ndi matenda ashuga 2 zimapereka chilema?

Kodi risiti imadalira chiyani?
Kuwunika kukula kwa matendawa
Kulephera muubwana
Magulu opuwala
Kodi zikalata zimakonzedwa bwanji?
Zochita
Kanema Wothandiza Ponena za Ubwino Wa Matenda A shuga

Wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kupimidwa thupi lonse. Potengera kupatuka kwakukulu, wothandizira amalumikizidwa kuti atumize zotsatira za kusanthula ndi zolemba zoyenera kuofesi yoyang'anira zamankhwala ndi zachifundo.

Mapeto atatha, magulu a anthu olumala 1, 2 kapena 3 amaperekedwa. Kodi risiti imadalira chiyani? Kupeza chilema kumatengera mtundu wa matenda ashuga, kuopsa kwa matendawa, komanso zovuta zina zokhudzana ndi thupi.

Ngati matenda osachiritsika amatuluka motsutsana ndi matenda am'mimba a shuga, kuthekera kugwira ntchito ndikuyenda momasuka kumatayika, kulumikizidwa pamlingo wina.

Mwana - wazaka 14 zodwala

Chifukwa chake, matenda amtunduwu amatchedwa kuti insulin-amadalira. Odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda amtunduwu ndi ana ndi achinyamata osakwana zaka 40.
Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimakhudza anthu ena sizikudziwika. Okalamba omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri kapena matenda ena a endocrine amakula matenda a shuga a 2.
Siri matenda a autoimmune, koma amayamba chifukwa chokhala ndi moyo wosayenera komanso zakudya zopanda thanzi. Monga lamulo, palibe kuchepa kwa insulin m'thupi ndi mtundu uwu wa matenda. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amakhudzidwa ndi funso loti gulu la olumala limakhazikitsidwa kutengera mtundu wamatenda. Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, kulumala kumakhazikitsidwa ndi akatswiri malinga ndi zovuta, kuchuluka kwa kulumala, komanso malire a momwe munthu amadzisamalirira.

Kulephera mu mtundu 2 wa shuga kumakhazikitsidwa ndi zomwezi.

Mndandanda wazabwino za ana olumala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga

Fomu yokomera - imakula mwa azimayi munthawi yakubereka mwana. Makina otukula amafanana ndi mtundu wa 2 pathology. Monga lamulo, mwana akabadwa, matendawa amazimiririka pawokha.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndiko chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda a shuga. Mitundu ina ya "matenda okoma":

Matenda obadwa ndi maselo obisika a insulin,
kuyanʻanila zochita za insulin pa chibadwa,
matenda a mbali ya gland,
endocrinopathies,
matenda opezeka ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo,
matenda chifukwa cha matenda
mitundu ina.

Matendawa amawonetsedwa ndi mtima wofunitsitsa kumwa, kudya, wodwalayo amakonda kukodza. Khungu lowuma, kuyabwa.

Kodi kulumala kumapereka shuga?

Odwala a 1 omwe amadalira insulin sayenera kupita kuntchito yomwe imafunika chisamaliro. Kutengera ndi zovuta zaumoyo, ntchito imapangidwa, yomwe imayika zovuta pa matenda (maso, miyendo yam'munsi).

Pa matenda akulu a shuga, wodwala samatha kupita kuntchito. Anthu olumala a gulu 1 amafunikira chisamaliro chokhazikika. Dokotala akuyenera kupereka fomu yoyesera.

Kupanda kutero, wodwalayo amapita kukhothi. Zotsatira za kusanthula ndi phukusi la zikalata zimatumizidwa kukayesedwa. Ngati pali zovuta papepala, pitani ku ntchito za loya.

Yankho likhoza kudandaula polumikizana ndi Main ndi Federal Bureau.

Kodi mungapeze bwanji chilema cha matenda ashuga komanso ngati aliyense amapereka

Odwala ali ndi izi:

kusawona bwino,
kuchepa kwa magwiridwe
kusokonezeka kwa kayendedwe.

Chiyeso chachikulu chikuwoneka ndi vuto lalikulu la odwala matenda ashuga. Miyezo yambiri ya matupi a ketone mumkodzo ndi magazi, shuga m'magazi pamwamba pa 15 mmol / l, kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa glucosuria.

Kugonjetsedwa kwa owonera bwino ndi gawo 2-3, ndipo impso ndi gawo 4-5. Miyendo yam'munsi imakutidwa ndi zilonda zam'mimba, zimayamba kukula.

Odwala nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa opaleshoni yokhotakhota pamatumbo, kudula mwendo. Zofunika! Digiriyi imayendera limodzi ndi mfundo yoti odwala amataya mwayi wogwira ntchito, kudzipulumutsa okha, kuwona, kusunthira mozungulira.

Kuchuluka kwambiri kwa matendawa kumawonetsedwa ndi zovuta zomwe sizimatha kupsinjika. Mawonetsedwe pafupipafupi ndimtundu wowonongeka wa ubongo, kupunduka, chikomokere.

Ali ndi zaka 14 amapatsa gulu lomwe lili ndi matenda ashuga

Nthawi ndi nthawi, kuzimiririka kwina kumakhala pakhungu, lomwe limachiritsa kwa nthawi yayitali, koma kumawonekeranso kwakanthawi. Zofunika! Pambuyo pake, odwala amayamba kudandaula za kuchepa kwa mawonekedwe owoneka, mawonekedwe a kulemera ndi kupweteka m'miyendo, ndi mutu.

Kukula kwa matendawa kumabweretsa kukula kwa zovuta. Mavuto owopsa amafuna chithandizo chamankhwala pompopompo, ndipo odwalawo amakula pang'onopang'ono, koma samachotsedwa, ngakhale mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kulumala mu shuga Odwala ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi vuto la matenda ashuga muyenera kuyesetsa kwambiri. Tsimikizani kukhalapo kwa matenda a zamitsempha ayenera kukhala pafupipafupi. Monga lamulo, ndi gulu 1, izi zikuyenera kuchitika zaka ziwiri zilizonse, ndi 2 ndi 3 - pachaka. Gulu akapatsidwa ana, kuyambiranso kumachitika pakubala.

Matenda a shuga kwa ana ndi achinyamata

Nthawi zambiri, matenda a shuga kwa ana amadalira insulin. Kukula kwake kumalumikizidwa ndi kubadwa kwa majini obadwa nawo. Chiwopsezo chotenga matenda ashuga chikuwonjezeka pambuyo pa matenda oyambitsidwa ndi ma virus, mikhalidwe yovuta, komanso kusintha koyambirira kwa zakudya zopangidwa mwaukadaulo.

Mavairasi omwe amachititsa kuti matenda ashuga azitha maselo omwe amapanga insulin, komanso amayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa chitetezo cha mthupi. Zotsatira zake, ma antibodies okhala ndi maselo a beta amapangidwa ndikukula kwa kutupa kwa autoimmune. Matenda angayambire chifukwa cha ma virus obadwa nawo a rubella, mumps, chikuku, enteroviruses.

Chithunzi chazachipatala cha anthu odwala matenda ashuga amawonetsedwa ndi kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa kapamba. Pakadali pano, kuchuluka kwa maselo yogwira kuli pa 5 mpaka 10 peresenti. Chifukwa chake, kuchepa kwa insulin kumapita patsogolo mwachangu, kumapangitsa kuchepa kwa thupi, kuchepa thupi komanso kupanga matupi a ketone.

Ndi matenda osazindikira kapena mulingo woyipa wa insulin mwa ana, kusokonezeka kwa kagayidwe kazinthu kagayidwe kachakudya ndi chizindikiro cha kuwonongeka kwa chapakati mantha dongosolo. Chizindikiro choyamba cha matenda ashuga muubwana chimatha kukhala ketoacidosis mu mawonekedwe a chikomokere.

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga umakhudzana ndi kupangika kwa insulin kuyambira nthawi yomwe wapezeka komanso moyo. Njira za insulin mankhwala zimayambitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mitundu yayitali ya insulin kawiri pa tsiku komanso yayifupi - katatu. Chifukwa chake, mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kulandira jakisoni 5 wa mankhwala patsiku.

Kulipiritsa matenda a shuga kumaphatikizapo kukwaniritsa izi:

Kuthamanga glycemia mpaka 6,2 mmol / l.
Mukatha kudya, shuga wambiri mpaka 8 mmol / L
Glycated hemoglobin mpaka 6,5%.
Mu mkodzo, shuga sawonekera.

Maphunziro osawerengeka a shuga amabweretsa mavuto pafupipafupi ndipo amachititsa kulephera kwa mwana kusukulu kapena pasukulu yasekondale. M'tsogolomu, kusatha kwa ntchito kumakhala ngati mwayi wokhazikitsa gulu lolumala.

Ana ochepera zaka 14 omwe amafunikira chithandizo cha insulini nthawi zonse amapatsidwa vuto la matenda a shuga kuyambira nthawi yolembetsa posankha gulu.

Ubwino wamagulu kwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga

Pamaziko a Federal Law "On State Pension Providence in the Russian Federation", ana omwe akudwala matenda ashuga amapatsidwa pensheni yolipirira ndi kubweza kwa kholo (kapena womuyang'anira) yemwe amasamalira mwana wolumala ndipo sangathe kugwira ntchito pazifukwa izi.

Makolo kapena omwe amawasamalira akusamalira mwana amapeza mapenshoni pantchito, popeza nthawi yosamalira imawerengeredwa kutalika kwa ntchito. Ndikothekanso kukonzekera kupuma pantchito nthawi yayitali ndi inshuwaransi yonse osachepera zaka 15.

Kulipira ndalama mwezi uliwonse kumakhazikitsidwa malinga ndi Lamulo la Russian Federation "Pa Social Protection of Persons". Kuchuluka kwa chilolezo chotere kumadalira gulu lolumala lomwe lakhazikitsidwa. Gulu la olumala limaperekedwa mogwirizana ndi izi:

Kulipira shuga - kuchuluka kwa kuukira kwa hyper- ndi hypoglycemia.
Kukhalapo ndi digiri yophwanya ntchito ya thupi
Mlingo woletsedwa wa mayendedwe odziyimira pawokha komanso kudzisamalira.
Kufunika kosamalidwa ndikosatha kapena kwakanthawi.

Ana omwe ali ndi zaka zosakwana 14 sangathe kudzipangira pawokha ma jakisoni a insulin ndipo amafunikira chithandizo chanthawi zonse cha makolo kapena owalera, chifukwa chake amadziwika kuti ndi olumala komanso ali ndi ufulu kulandira chithandizo chokwanira cha spa, chindapusa chopita ku sanatorium. Kholo (loteteza) amalandiranso mapindu ake.

Anthu olumala amapatsidwa mwayi wolipira zinthu zofunika kuyendera, mayendedwe, kuyikidwa pamalo ophunzirira sukulu, kuvomerezedwa ndi mayunivesite, komanso kupindula zambiri potsatira malamulo ogwira ntchito komanso kuchotsera misonkho.

Mosasamala mtundu wa shuga yodwala matenda a shuga komanso kupezeka kwa olumala, odwala onse ali ndi ufulu kulandira kukonzekera kwaulere kwa insulin, mankhwala ochepetsa shuga m'magome, mayeso oyesa kuwongolera shuga, magazi othandizira insulin, komanso mankhwala ophatikizidwa pamndandanda wamankhwala aulere.

Kuti mulandire mankhwalawa, wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kulembetsa ndi endocrinologist, kukayezetsa pamwezi, ndipo ngati pali wolumala, tsatirani malangizowo akuwonetsedwa mu pulogalamu yakukonzanso.

Kodi kulumala kumakhazikitsidwa bwanji kwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga?

Pambuyo pa malamulo atsopano ochotsa kupunduka kwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga mellitus 1024 adayamba kugwira ntchito (Order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 1024n of December 17, 2015), malamulo apakale omwe ana onse odwala matenda ashuga adadziwika kuti ndi olumala adakhala osagwira ntchito.

Lamuloli limafotokoza zizindikiro zomwe mwana angadziwike kuti ndi wolumala, poganizira kuchuluka kwa ziwalo zolakwika ndi kuthekera kochirikiza moyo. Bungwe la zamankhwala limatenga ngati maziko a mwana kukwaniritsa jakisoni wa insulin akafika zaka 14.

Kutenga kwa vuto la ana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kumatheka ngati, ali ndi zaka 14, mwana wamaliza sukulu ya matenda a shuga, kudziwa luso la insulin, amawerengera kuchuluka kwa insulini malinga ndi chakudya ndipo ali ndi matenda ashuga popanda kusokonezedwa pakugwira ntchito kwa ziwalo ndi machitidwe.

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa gulu lolumala pambuyo pa zaka 14 kumatha kukhala kwazowopsa muumoyo popanda kupimidwa koyenera (mosalekeza) kapena kwa zaka ziwiri, ngati gulu 1, gulu 2 ndi 3 likhazikitsidwa chaka chimodzi.

Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zokhazikitsidwa ndi omwe mabungwe azachipatala amafufuza ndikuchotsa kulumala ndikupezeka kwa olumala.
Magulu akuluakulu omwe ayesedwe ndi awa:

Njira yodzifunira.
Kusuntha popanda thandizo.
Kutha kuyang'ana.
Lamulirani zochita zanu.
Kutha kulumikizana.
Kuphunzira.
Kutha kugwira ntchito.

Gulu lolemala limapatsidwa, pokhapokha ngati wodwala ali ndi malire a moyo wa magawo awiri osachepera, komanso wachiwiri ndi wachitatu digiri imodzi mwa magulu.

Komanso, kwa ana, kuchuluka kwa kupatuka kunthawi zonse, kutengera zaka, kumawerengedwa.

Kodi mungathetse bwanji vuto la kulumala?

Ana ambiri atakwanitsa zaka 14 amachotsedwa chilema ndi kulandidwa zabwino zomwe adapatsidwa kwa makolo ndi omwe amawasamalira odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, malinga ndi kayendetsedwe ka insulin nthawi zonse. Kuti mumvetsetse zoyenera kuchita ngati muli ndi zotere, komanso zomwe zikufunika pakuwunika kwatsopano, ndikofunikira kuphunzira malamulo opititsa mayeso a udokotala.

Ngati mwana wadwala kwanthawi yayitali ndipo akuwonongeka, ndiye kuti payenera kukhala zolemba zina zakunja kwa chithandizo chamankhwala ndi zotsatira zake, komanso kutumiziridwa ku chithandizo chamankhwala osavomerezeka komanso kutulutsidwa komweko kuchokera ku dipatimenti. Komanso, zovuta za matenda ashuga mwa ana ziyenera kuwonetsedwa ngati ali ndi malo.

Pokhapokha ngati mitundu yonse ya chithandizo sinaperekepo kanthu, mwanayo adanenapo zolemba zomwe zingachitike m'magulu omwe adalembedwa mu Order 1024n, izi zikutanthauza kuti matenda ake akupitilira chifukwa chake, gululi limachotsedwa popanda chifukwa.

Malinga ndi malamulo omwe alipo, odwala onse amayenera kupita kuchipatala kuti akawunike ngati atazindikira kuti ali ndi vutoli, ndikufunika ndikuwathandiza, pokhapokha ngati pali kulakwira kosagwirizana ndi ntchito zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha matenda oyambitsidwa ndi matendawa.

Ngati wodwala atembenukira kwa dokotala wake kapena tcheyamani wa komisheni yachipatala ndi pemphelo lofunsira ITU kuti alandire gulu loyipa, ndikulandila yankho loipa, muyenera kulandila chitsimikizo cholembedwa - izi chikalata chokana kutulutsa fomu 088 / у-06.

Pambuyo pake, muyenera kukonzekera phukusi la zikalata zodziyimira pawokha za ITU. Mulinso:

Zotulutsidwa kuchokera ku khadi la orpatent, madipatimenti omwe chithandizo cha mankhwala anachitika.
Zotsatira za kafukufuku waposachedwa.
Chikalata chokana komiti yakuchipatala.
Ntchito kuchokera kwa kholo kapena kholo la mwana lotumizidwa kumutu waofesi ya akatswiri azachipatala ndi akatswiri.

Kufunsaku kuyenera kuphatikizira pempho la kuyesedwa kwa mwana kuti akhazikitse gulu la olumala, komanso kukhazikitsa dongosolo lazoyeserera. Zolemba zonse zimaperekedwa ku regU ya ITU, pambuyo pake tsiku la kafukufuku

Ngati makolo ali ndi vuto pakulandila kotumizira ku ITU kapena mwalemba zolembedwa kuti akwaniritse kufunsira, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mulembe fomu yopita kwa sing'anga wamkulu wa dipatimenti yochotsa anthu kumalo komwe akukhala.

Ndikofunikira kufotokoza momwe mwana aliri, nthawi yayitali ya matendawa, chithandizo ndi zotsatira zake (kapena kusakhalapo kwawo).

Pambuyo pa izi, muyenera kuwonetsa malo ndi mayina awo ndi oyambitsa a adokotala omwe akukana kupereka chilolezo chaku mayeso a zachipatala komanso chikhalidwe.

Pempho loti liperekedwe kapena kutumizidwa liyenera kuthandizidwa ndi zomwe zikuwongolera izi:

Federal Law No. 323 ya Novembala 21, 2011 pa Basics of Health Care, Nkhani 59 ndi 60.
Malamulo ozindikira munthu kuti ndi wolumala, magawo 15.16.19 (Lamulo la Boma la Russian Federation No. 95 la 02.20.2006.
Njira zopangira komisheni yachipatala mothandizidwa ndi Unduna wa Zaumoyo ndi Zachitukuko cha Russian Federation Nambala 502 ya 05/05/2012.

Komanso, kuti mudutse mayeso pakukhazikitsa gulu la olumala, muyenera kukhala ndi zotsatira za kufufuza kwa zasayansi ndi malingaliro a akatswiri. Mwana yemwe akudwala matenda ashuga amayenera kuyesedwa kuti asale kudya glucose, mbiri ya glycemic masana, glycated hemoglobin asanapimidwe.

Kuphatikiza apo, pakuwunika kwamomwe magazi amkati amayenera kukhala zizindikiro: okwana mapuloteni ndi mapuloteni onse, cholesterol, transaminases ndi cholesterol. Masewera a lipid awonetsedwe amawonetsa zomwe zili ndi triglycerides, komanso otsika, otsika kwambiri lipoproteins. Urinalysis ikuchitika onse wamba komanso shuga ndi acetone.

Mwana ayenera kudutsa ndi ultrasound yam'mimba m'chigawo komanso Doppler ultrasound (ngati akuwonetsedwa) yamitsempha yama m'munsi.

Zotsatira zakufufuza zotsatirazi zimaperekedwanso kuti ziunikidwe ndi akatswiri akatswiri:

Mafunso a endocrinologist.
Kuyang'ana kwa oculist ndi kufotokoza kwa fundus.
Ngati pali umboni - kufufuza kwa dokotala wa opaleshoni ya mtima, mtima, dokotala.
Kufunsidwa kwa wamisala.

Makolo ayenera kudziwa kuti zotsatira za lingaliro la ITU Regional Primary Bureau zitha kupemphedwa polumikizana ndi Main Bureau, kenako ku ITU Federal Bureau. Ngati mukuvutikira kulemba mafomu ndi kutumiza mafomu, muyenera kufunsa loya wovomerezeka kuti apereke ufulu wanu. Palinso chithandizo chothandizira ku Russia cha ana omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga omwe amathandizira kukonza zopindulitsa zamankhwala.

Kanemayo munkhaniyi akufotokoza zabwino za odwala matenda ashuga.

Chifukwa chiyani mwana amatha kulemala?

Nthawi zambiri, kulumala kumachotsedwa ali ndi zaka 18, pomwe wodwalayo amakhala "wamkulu" ndipo osakhalanso m'gulu la ana. Izi zimachitika ngati matendawa apezeka osavuta, ndipo munthuyo alibe zovuta zomwe zimamulepheretsa kukhala ndi moyo wamba komanso kugwira ntchito.

Koma, nthawi zina, wodwalayo amakomoka ndipo akafika zaka 14. Kodi izi zimachitika nthawi ziti? Wodwala akhoza kukanidwa kulembetsa gulu la olumala ngati waphunzitsidwa pasukulu ya matenda ashuga, waphunzira kuyendetsa insulin payekha, amadziwa mfundo zopangira menyu, ndipo amatha kuwerengetsa mankhwala ofunikira.

Nthawi yomweyo, sayenera kukhala ndi zovuta za matenda zomwe zimasokoneza moyo wabwinobwino.

Ngati, molingana ndi malingaliro a komiti yachipatala, wodwala wazaka 14 ndi kupitilira angathe kuyendayenda mozungulira, kudzifufuza moyenera zomwe zikuchitika, kudzipereka yekha ndikuwongolera zochita zake, kulumala kungachotsedwe.

Wodwalayo akaphwanya kwambiri magwiridwe antchito ofunikira ndi ziwalo zomwe zimakhudza kuthekera kwake kuchita izi, atha kupatsidwa gulu linalake.

Kuwunika kukula kwa matendawa

Kuti muwone kuopsa kwa matenda ashuga, muyenera kukayezetsa kuchipatala. Popanga matenda, dokotalayo amaganizira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kufunika kwa jakisoni ndi kukhalapo kwa zovuta zina.

Pali zovuta zitatu:

Zosavuta. Magazi a shuga m'magazi amakhala okhazikika tsiku lonse. Palibe zovuta zomwe zikuwonetsa, wodwalayo amatha kugwira ntchito. Ndikotheka kusintha mkhalidwewo mothandizidwa ndi zakudya komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Yapakatikati. Pali kuchepa kwa kulumala, kupezeka kwa mtima ndi mtima. Pali kusinthasintha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku m'magazi.
Zovuta. Maphunziro osakhazikika a matendawa, pali kuwonjezeka kwambiri kwa shuga (ketoacidosis). Matenda osachiritsika a ziwalo ndi machitidwe amaonekera. Kulemala kumachepetsedwa kapena kutayika kwathunthu.

Ndi kukula kwambiri, kufunika kwa jakisoni kumafika magawo 30-50 patsiku (kuyambira 0,75 mpaka 1.25 ml). Muzovuta kwambiri, zopitilira 60. Lingaliro linanso la komiti ya zamankhwala ndi zandalama zimatengera momwe matendawo aliri.

Ndiwo magulu oyamba, achiwiri komanso achitatu, kutengera kuwonongeka kwa thupi la munthu. Gulu lovuta kwambiri ndi loyamba, pomwe wodwala atapatsidwa mwayi wodziyimira pawokha, sangathe kuyankhulana bwino ndi anthu ndipo malire ake akakanthawi.

Mwa ana, digiri ya kulemala imakhazikitsidwa, koma mawonekedwe sakhazikika. Mwana ali ndi zaka 18, amakakamizidwa kukayezetsa, pomwe pamakhala chisankho chapadera. Milandu yonse ya mayeso azachipatala ndi amodzi machitidwe, zotsatira zake zimakhala zosiyana nthawi zonse.

Zolemba za matendawa ali mwana

Mavuto azaumoyo omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndiwo maziko a kulumala kwa ana. Ana amafunikira thandizo mosalekeza, motero amapatsidwa chithandizo chaulere m'sanatorium ndikubwezerera ndalama zoyendera.

Makolo ndi omwe amawasamalira amalandila zabwino zofanana ndi mwana. Apatseni ndalama zolipirira ndi maphunziro. Ngati thanzi la achikulire silikuyenda bwino, amapatsanso gulu lina lopuwala kosatha, kwa chaka chimodzi (gulu 2 ndi 3) kapena kwa zaka ziwiri (gulu 1).

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amakhala owopsa chifukwa cha zovuta zake. Mavuto amtundu wa Endocrine muubwana ndi owopsa kwambiri, chifukwa chamoyo chosalimba chikukulabe ndipo sichingakane matendawa.

Ngakhale kwa akulu, matenda ashuga ndi mayeso ovuta, chifukwa chomwe munthu amayenera kusintha moyo wawo wonse, ndipo kwa odwala ochepa, matendawa amawopseza kwambiri.

Kuti zovuta zochokera mu mtima, mitsempha yamagazi, dongosolo lamanjenje ndi maso sizikuyenda, ndikofunikira kuzindikira matendawo munthawi ndikuwabwezera komwe kumachitika. Matenda opatsirana a shuga ndi vuto lomwe thupi limakana nalo matendawa, ndipo thanzi la wodwalayo limasamalidwa bwino kwambiri.

Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha chithandizo, ntchito yolimbikitsidwa ya ziwalo zofunika komanso kutsatira malangizo onse a dokotala.

Kodi njira yokhazikitsira kulemala ndiyotani?

Choyamba, wodwalayo ayenera kulandira kutumizidwa ku MSEC. Chikalatachi chimaperekedwa ndi a zachipatala pomwe odwala matendawa amawonera. Wodwala ngati ali ndi ziphaso zakuphwanya ntchito za ziwalo ndi machitidwe a thupi, wothandizanapo ndi chitetezo atha kuperekanso chilolezo.

Ngati achipatala akukana kupereka zofunsira, munthu amapatsidwa satifiketi yomwe angathe kudzipangira yekha kuECEC. Pankhaniyi, funso lokhazikitsa gulu lolumala limachitika ndi njira ina.

Kenako, wodwala amatenga zikalata zofunika. Mndandandandawu umaphatikizapo:

koperani ndi choyambirira cha pasipoti,
kutumiza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito matupi a MSEC,
koperani ndi choyambirira cha buku la ntchito,
lingaliro la adotolo yemwe ali ndi zotsatira zonse za mayeso ofunikira,
kutsiriza kwa kuyesa akatswiri aafupi (dokotala wa opaleshoni, ophthalmologist, neurologist, nephrologist),
khadi la wodwala.

Ufulu wa makolo

Makolo kapena omwe akuwalera atha kukafunsira penshoni ngati sagwira ntchito, chifukwa chakuti nthawi yawo yonse amakhala kuti akusamalira mwana wodwala. Kuchuluka kwa zandalama kumakhudzidwa ndi anthu olumala komanso zinthu zina zachitukuko (kuchuluka kwake kumapangidwa motsatira malamulo a boma). Osakwana zaka 14, gulu linalake lazolumala silakhazikitsidwa, ndipo pambuyo pake limapangidwa motsatira njira yoyeserera njira izi:

Kodi achinyamata amafunikira chisamaliro chanji - chokhazikika kapena pang'ono,
momwe matenda amawalipiridwira
Mavuto omwe matendawa amakumana nawo panthawi yomwe mwana amalembetsedwa ndi endocrinologist,
kuchuluka kwa momwe wodwalayo amatha kusunthira ndikudzipereka yekha popanda thandizo.

Kuti alipire nyumba yomwe munthu wolumalayo amakhala, makolo amatha kufunsira thandizo kapena thandizo. Ana odwala omwe sangathe kupita kusukulu ali ndi ufulu wamaphunziro apanyumba aulere. Kuti muchite izi, makolo ayenera kutumiza zikalata zonse zoyenera ndi satifiketi kwa mabungwe oteteza chitetezo chaanthu.

Zoyenera kuchita pamikangano?

Ngati makolowo akukhulupirira kuti mwana wodwala matenda ashuga adalandidwa molakwika, atha kulembera kufunsanso kuti ayesenso. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mwana amadwala, zambiri pa izi ziyenera kukhala pa khadi lotuluka. Ayenera kujambulidwa ndi kutumizidwa kuti awonedwe. Muyeneranso kusanthula deta yonse kuchokera kumayeso a labotale omwe amangidwa kumene komanso mayeso othandizira. Zotulutsa m'zipatala momwe mwana adagonekedwira ziyenera kukhala zogwiritsidwanso ntchito.

Asanayambe ntchito yachipatala, mwana amafunika kuchita kaye mayeso:

kusala shuga
kutsimikiza kwa shuga watsiku ndi tsiku,
kuyezetsa magazi konse
urinalysis
glycated hemoglobin
urinalysis kwa ketone matupi ndi shuga,
kuyesa kwamwazi wamagazi.

Komanso, poganizira, madokotala a komitiyi amafunikira malingaliro a endocrinologist, ophthalmologist (ndi kufufuza kwa fundus), neurologist, ultrasound yam'mimba. Ngati pali zisonyezo, kuyezetsa kwa opaleshoni ya mtima, dokotala, ma ultrasound a ziwiya zam'munsi zam'munsi ndikufunsira ndi dokotala wa mtima wa ana angafunikirebe.

Pakadali pano, Unduna wa Zantchito ndi Chitetezo cha Anthu wakhala ukuchita ndi mavuto a anthu olumala, koma nthawi zambiri munthu amamva zonena za abwanamkubwa kuti mavutowa akuyenera kuthana ndi Unduna wa Zaumoyo. Atsogoleri andale ambiri adazindikira kale kuti ndi madokotala okha, omwe amamvetsetsa kusatsimikizika ndi kusakhazikika kwa matenda ashuga, omwe amatha kupanga zisankho zofunikira pamenepa.