Chizolowezi cha shuga chamagazi mwa achinyamata azaka 14 ndichachilendo

Matenda a shuga m'matenda a ana ocheperapo amapezeka kale atakula, pamene ketoacidosis kapena chikomokere zimakula. Pakadali pano, matenda am'mimba ndi ovuta kwambiri kuchiza, chifukwa kusintha kwa mahomoni komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kutha msana kukuchitika m'thupi.

Izi, zimayamba kukhala chifukwa chachikulu cha insulin kukana mahomoni, ndiye kuti, minyewa amasiya kuzimvera. Zotsatira zake, misempha ya magazi imakwera.

Atsikana, matenda ashuga amapezeka ali ndi zaka 10 mpaka 14, anyamata amadwala kuyambira azaka 13 mpaka 14, ndipo m'mbuyomu matendawa amakhala ovuta kwambiri, ndipo pamapeto pake zimakhala zosavuta kuti alipidwe.

Muyezo wa shuga wamagazi mwa achinyamata azaka 15 zachokera 3.3. mpaka 5.5 mmol / l ndipo imakwaniritsa miyezo ya munthu wamkulu. Pofuna kumveketsa bwino za matendawo, awonetsedwa kuti aperekanso magazi, njirayi ikutsimikizira kapena kukana kuwonekera.

Chithandizo cha hyperglycemia mu achinyamata nthawi zonse cholinga chake ndichokulipira matendawa, kusintha matenda a glucose komanso kukhala wathanzi, komanso kuchepetsa thupi. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusankha mlingo woyenera wa insulini, kutsatira zakudya okhazikika zama chakudya, monga masewera olimbitsa thupi olimbitsa thupi tsiku ndi tsiku. Ndikofunika kupewa zinthu zopsinjitsa, kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso, kutengeka mtima kwambiri.

Mavuto a shuga kwa achinyamata

Vuto la chithandizo chamankhwala ndiloti ndizovuta kwambiri kwa achinyamata, mwakuthupi komanso mwakuthupi. Ana amayesetsa kuti asakhale kwambiri pakati pa anzawo, pafupifupi nthawi zonse amaphwanya zakudya, ndipo amaphonya jakisoni wotsatira wa insulin. Khalidwe lotere limabweretsa zotsatira zowopsa komanso zoopsa.

Mukapanda kulandira chithandizo chokwanira kapena mwana samatsatira malangizo onse kuchokera kwa dokotala, amayamba kuchedwa kuyambitsidwa bwino, mawonekedwe ake amawonongeka, amatha kuyipa kwambiri komanso kusakhazikika maganizo.

Mu atsikana, kusokonezeka kwa msambo, zotupa ndi kuyabwa kwa maliseche akunja sizimachotsedwa. Achinyamata ambiri amadwala matenda opatsirana pafupipafupi, matenda, mabala awo amachiritsidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, nthawi ndi nthawi pamakhala furunculosis ndi zipsera pakhungu.

M'mavuto akulu kwambiri, pamakhala mwayi wokhala ndi ketoacidosis, zimatha kubweretsa zovuta izi:

• chikomokere
• kulemala
• zotsatira zakupha.

Ndi kuchepa kwa insulin mu matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba, thupi la achinyamata limayang'ana njira zina zotulutsira shuga ochulukirapo, kuthana ndi malo ogulitsa mafuta.

Zotsatira zake, mapangidwe a matupi a ketone amapezeka, fungo lodziwika bwino la acetone kuchokera kumkamwa wamkamwa limachitika.

Zifukwa zakuchuluka kwa shuga

Ngati wachinyamata ali ndi shuga wambiri, muyenera kuyamba kulimbana ndi vutoli mwachangu. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ziyenera kufunidwa m'matenda oyamba a m'mimba, zimatha kukhala gastritis, kapamba, duodenitis kapena gastroenteritis.

Hyperglycemia imatha kukhala chifukwa cha nthawi yayitali yodwala matenda opatsirana, matenda a oncological neoplasms mu kapamba, kubereka komanso matenda aubongo. Shuga wapamwamba amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi kuvulala kwamtundu wa ubongo ndi poyizoni wa mankhwala.

Vutoli limatha kuganiziridwa mwa mwana ndi kusamva bwino kwa njala, wachinyamata amadya popanda muyeso, samva kukhuta. Mantha ake, mantha, thukuta likukula, maso ake amatha kuyima pamalo amodzi. Nthawi zambiri mwana wodwala amakhala ndi manja akunjenjemera. Pambuyo pakukhazikika komanso kukonza bwino, ana samakumbukira zomwe zidawachitikira.

Zikatero, muyenera kumuthandiza mwana kuti azikhala wokoma, atha kukhala:

1. tiyi wokhala ndi mafuta owerengeka ndi shuga
2. maswiti
3. mpukutu wa batala.

Ngati chakudya chamafuta sichikuthandizani, muyenera kufunafuna chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu, dokotala amapereka shuga m'magazi. Popanda izi, chikomokere chimatha kuchitika.

Hyperglycemia imatha kukhala ndi vuto la kukondera kwa mahomoni, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso, mutatha kudya zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri, kulandira chithandizo kwa nthawi yayitali ndimankhwala osiyanasiyana a mahomoni, glucocorticoids komanso mankhwala osapatsirana a antiidal.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za matenda kapena kudwala, muyenera kulumikizana ndi dokotala wa ana, othandizira, kapena dokotala wa ana.

Kuti mudziwe bwino, muyenera kupimidwa matenda ena, kukayezetsa.

Momwe mungayesere mayeso

Kuti mupeze zotsatira zoyesa zoyenera, ndikofunikira kupereka magazi m'mawa, ziyenera kuchitidwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, chifukwa mukatha kudya kusanthula sikungadalire. Phunzirolo lisanachitike, osachepera maola 6 sayenera kudya, ndibwino kuti musamamwe zakumwa zilizonse kupatula madzi oyera.

Magazi amatengedwa kuchokera ku chala kapena mtsempha, kutengera madokotala. Kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi ma glycemic indices amawonetsedwa kukhala abwino ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga kumaposa kuchuluka kwa 5.5 - 6.1 mmol / l. Ngati ndi kotheka, kusanthula kwina kowerengeka kumachitika pofuna kufotokoza bwino zomwe zidziwitso.

Zimachitika kuti zotsatira za kuyezetsa magazi zimawonetsa shuga pamlingo wa 2,5 mmol / l, mkhalidwewu ndiwopezekanso, umasonyezanso zomwe zili ndi shuga wambiri m'thupi. Ngati vutoli silili modabwitsa, kuperewera kwa mpweya kumatha kuyamba - hypoxia, chitukuko cha kukomoka kwa glycemic.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kwambiri shuga wochepa zingakhale:

1. aakulu kapena pachimake maphunziro a pancreatic pathologies,
2. matenda owopsa a mtima, mitsempha yamagazi,
3. kusatsatira malamulo a zakudya zabwino, zopatsa thanzi,
4. njira zama oncological
5. pachimake aimpso kulephera.

Mutha kuteteza wachinyamata ku mavuto azaumoyo, chifukwa kawiri pachaka, muyenera kufunsa dokotala wa ana ndikumuyesa ngati pakufunika kutero.

Mu achinyamata, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi odwala akuluakulu, Zizindikiro za shuga zamagazi zimagwira nawo gawo lalikulu, chifukwa glucose ndi gawo lamphamvu lamphamvu. Imakhala yachilendo polimbana ndi ziwalo zamkati, ziwalo zathupi.

Kusintha kwakukuru m'magulu a shuga kumadalira mwachindunji pantchito ndi thanzi la kapamba, yemwe amachititsa kuti pakhale insulin yofunika kwambiri ya mahomoni. Ngati thupi lipanga timadzi tating'onoting'ono, posakhalitsa matenda a shuga amayamba. Zotsatira zake, wachinyamata amavutika moyo wake wonse chifukwa cha zovuta zamtundu uliwonse, kusokonezedwa pakugwira ntchito kwa ziwalo ndi machitidwe.

Kumbukirani kuti kwa mwana wazaka chimodzi komanso mwana wazaka 15, miyezo ya shuga imakhala yosiyana kotheratu.

Mankhwala othandizira pakudya ndi chithandizo chamaganizidwe

Maziko a chithandizo chamankhwala ndi zakudya zoyenera, wachinyamata ayenera kudya zakudya zochepa komanso mafuta ochulukirapo. Kwa munthu wathanzi labwino, mapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya ayenera kukhala mu gawo lotere - 1: 1: 4. Ndi hyperglycemia kapena kutengera kwa matenda ashuga, kuchuluka kwake ndi motere - 1: 0.75: 3.5.

Mafuta omwe amadyedwa ndi chakudya ayenera kukhala makamaka ochokera ku mbewu. Wachinyamata akakhala ndi chizolowezi chodumpha m'magazi am'magazi, sayenera kudya zakudya zam'mimba zochepa, osapatula maswiti ndi koloko, mphesa, nthochi, semolina ndi pasitala. Wodwalayo amadyetsedwa m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, osachepera 5 pa tsiku.

Makolo omwe ana awo ali ndi matenda ashuga kapena ali ndi vuto lotero ayenera kutenga achinyamata kupita ku masukulu apadera a shuga. Makalasi am'magulu amachitikira kumeneko, kuthandiza kuthana ndi matendawa msanga komanso mosavuta.

Ngakhale makolo atadziwa chilichonse chokhudza matenda ashuga, sangapweteke kupita ku makalasi, komwe ana amatha kudziwa achinyamata ena omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Zimathandiza:

• kuzindikira kuti sakhala okha ndi matenda awo,
• kuzolowera moyo watsopano mwachangu
• phunzirani jekeseni wa insulin popanda thandizo.

Ndikofunikira pakakhala mavuto ndi shuga kuti mupeze mwana wodwala thandizo la m'maganizo panthawi yake. Zimafunikira kuti zimuthandize kumvetsetsa kuti ndiwokhazikika, kuthandiza kuvomereza ndikuzindikira kuti moyo wina uliwonse pambuyo pake udzadutsa m'njira yatsopano.

Kanemayo munkhaniyi ayankhula za kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi machitidwe a shuga kwa achinyamata.

Chifukwa chiyani amayi amawonjezera shuga

Zomwe zimapangitsa glucose kukwera mwa akazi zimatha kukhala zosiyana pang'ono ndi mndandanda womwewo mwa amuna. Chifukwa chake, mwachitsanzo, kusintha zina mu izi zimalembedwa panthawi yapakati - izi zitha kukhala zovomerezeka pakuchitika kwa thupi pakusintha kwa mahomoni.

Koma apa, matenda a shuga amatha kuloseredwa pamlingo wambiri. Matendawa amatha chifukwa cha cholowa, amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi matenda ena, mulimonse, mosaganizira zaka zomwe mkaziyo ali, ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Ngati munthu ali ndi matenda kale, amawunika momwe aliri, kutsatira njira yoikidwiratu, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga pamlingo woterewu kumawonetsa kuphwanya kwamankhwala. Koma nthawi zina mfundozo zimakhala zosiyana.

Nthawi zambiri, wodwalayo mwiniyo akuwonetsa kuti kudumpha kwa shuga. Chifukwa chake, wodwalayo nthawi zambiri amatha kuchotsa chomwe chimapangitsa kuti iye adziwike. Ndiye kuti, anthu odwala matenda ashuga nthawi imodzi ayenera kusiya kumwa mankhwala oletsa kubereka, mu zina mumangofunika kudya nkhomaliro, lachitatu - perekani zakudya zopanda pake.

Ngati mukusowa jakisoni wa insulin, muyenera kumwa jakisoni, kapena kumwa mapiritsi. Zochita zoterezi zithandizanso kuti shuga abwereranso kwina. Ndipo ngati munthu saphwanya regimen, kuti patatha masiku 2-3 zizowoneka bwino zizikhazikika.

Zomwe Zimayambitsa Madzi Akuluakulu a shuga

Kodi kuchuluka kwa shuga pakati pa ana (azaka 10-16) kumatanthauza chiyani? Kuyankha kuchokera ku mayeso a labotale kungawonetsenso kuchuluka kwa glucose (hypoglycemia), zoterezi sizowopsa kuposa shuga yayikulu ndipo zimafunikira chithandizo chamwadzidzidzi.

• yotupa matenda am'mimba thirakiti: duodenitis, gastritis, gastroenteritis, kapamba,
• kukhalitsa kwa matenda osachiritsika,
• khansa ya kapamba
• matenda ndi obadwa nawo a ubongo, kuvulala kwamitsempha yamaubongo,
• poyizoni wa mankhwala.

Matendawa amachititsa kuti mwana azikhala ndi nkhawa yosaneneka, mwana amadya zopanda malire ndipo samva kukhuta. Pali manjenje, mantha, thukuta, maso amayima m'malo amodzi. Manja amayamba kunjenjemera, kukomoka ndi kukokana minofu ndikotheka. Pambuyo pakuzolowereka, ana sakumbukira zomwe zidawachitikira.

Hyperglycemia imatha kupezeka ndi zotsatirazi:

• kudya, masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kupsinjika patsiku lachiwonetsero,
• kusasamala kwa mahomoni,
• matenda a pancreatic ndi a oncological,
• mankhwala osakhalitsa omwe ali ndi mankhwala osapweteka a antiidal, glucocorticoids,
• matenda a chithokomiro
• lembani 1 kapena matenda 2 a shuga.

Ngati mungazindikire zosokoneza zilizonse pazotsatira za mayesedwe, mawonekedwe a malaise, muyenera kulankhulana ndi dokotala wa ana ndi endocrinologist. Kuti mudziwe zoyenera, pakufunika maphunziro owonjezera omwe angatsimikizire matendawa kapena kuwatsutsa.

Nthawi zambiri, kufunika kwa insulini kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kuphwanya shuga komwe kumayambitsa matenda opatsirana, matenda amkati, makamaka endocrine system, panthawi yapakati, unyamata paubwana, komanso motsutsana ndi maziko a psychoemotional overstrain.

Kuwonjezeka kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi mpaka 15 mmol / l ndikukwera kungakhale ndi kusokonezeka kwakukulu m'magazi kupita ku ubongo ndi minofu ya mtima, kuvulala, chithandizo cha opaleshoni, kuwotcha, pomwe digiri ya hyperglycemia ikhoza kukhala chizindikiritso chowunikira kukula kwa vuto la wodwalayo.

Kutsimikiza kwa cholakwika cha insulin kapena mankhwala a hypoglycemic kungayambitse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Odwala amatha kusokoneza mwanjira yomweyo chithandizo kapena kuphwanya zakudya mwadongosolo.

Pakusintha kwa mankhwalawa chifukwa chokakamizidwa kuchita zinthu zolimbitsa thupi, glycemia imatha kukula pang'onopang'ono.

Matenda a shuga Ana a Preschool

Kuyesa kwa shuga kwa mwana kumachitika m'mawa, pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndiye kuti asanadye. Kuyesa kwa magazi kumachitika mwachindunji kuchokera pachala. Musanapereke magazi, simungadye pafupifupi maola 10-12.

Kuti kuwunikako kuwonetse zotsatira zoyenera, sikulimbikitsidwa kumwa zakumwa zotsekemera, kutsuka mano, kutafuna chingamu maphunziro asanachitike. Amaloledwa kumwa madzi oyera oyera bwino.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatengera msinkhu wa mwana. Ngati tingayerekezere ndi zomwe zimachitika kwa achikulire, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga mwa ana nthawi zonse kumakhala kotsika kuposa kwa akulu.

Mndandanda wa zisonyezo zabwinobwino za shuga mwa ana, kutengera zaka zawo:

• Mpaka chaka chimodzi, zizindikiro zikuchokera ku 2.8 mpaka 4.4 mayunitsi.
• Mwana wamwamuna wazaka chimodzi amakhala ndi shuga wamagazi kuyambira magawo 3.0 mpaka 3.8.
• Pazaka zapakati pa 3-4, zofunikira zimadziwika kuti ndizosintha kuchokera ku zigawo za 3.2-4.7.
• Kuyambira zaka 6 mpaka 9, shuga kuchokera ku 3.3 mpaka 5.3 amayesedwa ngati wamba.
• Pazaka 11, chizolowezi ndi magawo 3.3-5.0.

Monga momwe gome likusonyezera, kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa ana a zaka 11 kumasiyana kuchokera ku mayunitsi 3.3 mpaka 5.0, ndipo pafupifupi kumayandikira zizindikiro zazikulu. Ndipo kuyambira kuyambira m'badwo uno, zizindikiro za glucose zidzayenerana ndi mfundo za akulu.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kuti mupeze zotsatira zodalirika zoyesedwa magazi, ndikulimbikitsidwa kutsatira malamulo onse omwe kusanthula kumafunikira. Ngati maupangiri onse atsatiridwa, koma kupatuka kwa chizolowezi kumawonedwa mbali imodzi kapena imodzi, ndiye kuti izi zikuwonetsa kuti mwana ali ndi njira ya pathological.

Kuchulukitsa kwa glucose kumadalira zinthu zambiri ndi zochitika zina - ichi ndiye chakudya cha mwana, momwe amagwirira ntchito m'mimba, mphamvu ya mahomoni ena.

Shuga wakhanda samapezeka kawirikawiri. Izi ndichifukwa choti mwana wochepa sangathe kufotokozera dokotala zomwe zikumuvutitsa.

Zizindikiro za matenda am'mimba zimayamba pang'onopang'ono, osawoneka nthawi yomweyo. Komabe, matendawa akapezeka posachedwa, mankhwalawo amayenda bwino kwambiri ndipo chifukwa chake, mwayi wokhala ndi zovuta umachepetsedwa.

Anthu ambiri amadabwa kuti chifukwa chani mwana wakhanda akamadwala matenda ashuga, chimayambitsa matendawa ndi chiani? M'malo mwake, ngakhale akatswiri azachipatala sangatchule zifukwa zenizeni zomwe zinayambitsa matenda.

Koma pali mfundo zotsatirazi zomwe zingayambitse zovuta mthupi:

1. Kukula kwachilendo kwa kapamba.
2. Chithandizo cha mankhwala anticancer pa mimba.
3. Choyipa.

Monga momwe machitidwe akusonyezera, ngati amayi kapena abambo kapena makolo onse ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti mwayi wokhala ndi matenda mwa mwana ndiwokwera kwambiri.

Ngati kuyesedwa kwa shuga kukuwonetsa mitengo yayikulu, ndiye kuti njira zowunikira zowonjezereka zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zitsimikizireni matendawo. Pokhapokha pamaphunziro osiyanasiyana pomwe titha kulankhula molimba mtima za matenda a shuga.

Chithandizo cha mankhwalawa ndikupereka insulin.Ngati mwana ayamwitsidwa, ndiye kuti mayiyo asinthe zakudya zake, amalimbikitsidwa kuti azidya zakudya zochepa.

Ndi chakudya chopanga, zosakaniza zomwe sizikhala ndi glucose zimasankhidwa.

Zizindikiro za shuga wambiri

Kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi kungakhale lakuthwa. Izi zimapezeka kawirikawiri ndi mtundu woyamba wa matenda a shuga 1, chifukwa m'magazi mulibe insulin, ngati simunayambitsa jakisoni, ndiye kuti odwala amayamba kugwa.

Ndi matenda a shuga a mellitus motsutsana ndi maziko a mankhwalawo, Zizindikiro za hyperglycemia zimayamba kukula pang'onopang'ono. Odwala awonjezera ludzu, khungu louma, kutulutsa kwamkodzo, kuwonda. Izi ndichifukwa choti shuga yamagazi yambiri imatsogolera pakugawikanso kwamadzi yama minofu, imalowa m'matumbo.

Matenda a ketoacidosis

Zizindikiro zikuluzikulu zomwe ma degree a ketoacidosis amatha kuwunika ndizochulukirapo pazomwe zili m'matumbo a ketone m'magazi: ndimikhalidwe ya acetone, acetoacetic ndi beta-hydroxybutyric acid mpaka 0.15 mmol / l, amatha kupitirira 3mmol / l, koma amatha kuchulukitsa ndi makumi ma nthawi .

Mulingo wa shuga wam'magazi ndi 15 mmol / l, shuga m'magazi ambiri amapezeka mu mkodzo. Zomwe magazi amachitazo zimakhala zosakwana 7.35, komanso ndi ketoacidosis yaying'ono pansi 7, yomwe imawonetsa metabolic ketoacidosis.

Mlingo wa sodium ndi potaziyamu umachepa chifukwa chakuti madzi amadzimadzi am'magawo amalowa m'malo amkati, ndipo osmotic diuresis imakulanso. Potaziyamu ikachoka mu cell, zomwe zimakhala m'magazi zimachulukana. Leukocytosis, kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ndi hematocrit chifukwa cha magazi amadziwikanso.

Mukalandiridwa kumalo othandizira odwala kwambiri, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zimayang'aniridwa:

• Glycemia - kamodzi pa ola limodzi ndi mtsempha wa magazi a insulin, aliyense maola atatu ndi subcutaneous. Iyenera kutsika pang'onopang'ono.
• Matupi a Ketone, ma electrolyte m'mwazi ndi pH mpaka makulidwe okhazikika.
• Yoyeserera kutsimikiza kwa diuresis musanathetse magazi.
• Kuwunika kwa ECG.
• Kuyeza kutentha kwa thupi, kuthamanga kwa magazi maola awiri aliwonse.
• Kuunika kwa X-ray pachifuwa.
• Kuyesa kwa magazi ndi mkodzo ndizofala kamodzi pakapita masiku awiri.

Kuchiza ndikuwonetsetsa kwa odwala kumachitika kokha m'magulu othandizira kapena osapatsa chidwi (osamala kwambiri). Chifukwa chake, ngati shuga yamagazi ndi 15 ndiye zoyenera kuchita ndi zotsatirapo zake zomwe zimawopseza wodwalayo zitha kungoyesedwa ndi dokotala malinga ndi mayeso okhazikika a labotale.

Ndi zoletsedwa kuti muziyesa kuchepetsa shuga nokha.

Momwe mungaperekere kuyezetsa magazi kwa shuga?

Kuti mupeze zotsatira zoyenera, muyenera kukonzekera phunzirolo. Kuti muchite izi, m'masiku awiri a 2-3 muyenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zakudya zotsekemera ndi zamafuta, chotsani zakumwa zoledzeretsa. Patsiku la mayeso, simungathe kusuta, kumwa khofi kapena tiyi wamphamvu, kudya chakudya cham'mawa. Ndikwabwino kubwera ku labotale m'mawa, musanamwe madzi oyera.

Ngati mankhwala adalembedwa, makamaka mankhwala a mahomoni, ma pinkiller kapena okhudza manjenje, ndiye musanaphunzire, muyenera kufunsa dokotala kuti mupeze malangizo owamwa, chifukwa pakhoza kukhala ndi zosokoneza idatha. Kuzindikira kumatha kuchepetsedwa kutentha kwambiri kwa thupi, pambuyo povulala kapena kutentha.

Kuyesa kwa tsokalo kumachitika ndi katswiri. Muyezo wa shuga wamagazi mwa ana zimatengera zaka; kwa mwana wazaka chimodzi ndizochepa poyerekeza ndi wachinyamata. Kusintha kwachilengedwe kwa glycemia mu mmol / l mwa ana kumafanana ndi zomwe zikuwonetsa: mpaka chaka cha 2.8-4.4, kuyambira chaka chimodzi kufikira zaka 14 - 3.3-5.5. Kupatuka kuzinthu wamba kumatha kuonedwa ngati:

1. Kufikira 3,3 - shuga wotsika wamagazi (hypoglycemia).
2. Kuyambira 5.5 mpaka 6.1 - kudziwiratu kwa matenda ashuga, matenda ashuga apambuyo.
3. Kuyambira 6.1 - matenda ashuga.

Nthawi zambiri, zotsatira za muyeso umodzi wa shuga sizipezeka, kuwunikiranso kumachitika mobwerezabwereza kamodzi. Ngati pali lingaliro la matenda am'mbuyomu a shuga - pali zizindikiro za matendawa, koma glycemia ndiyachilendo, hyperglycemia imapezeka pansi 6.1 mmol / l, ndiye kuti ana oterewa amayesedwa kuti ayesedwe ndi shuga.

Kuyesedwa kwa glucose sikufuna kukonzekera mwapadera, ndikulangizidwa kuti musasinthe kwenikweni zakudya ndi moyo musanachitike. Amadziperekanso pamimba yopanda kanthu. Glycemia imayeza kawiri - shuga woyamba pambuyo pakupuma kwa maola 10 pakudya, ndipo kachiwiri patatha maola 2 wodwalayo atamwa yankho ndi 75 g shuga.

Kuzindikira kwa matenda ashuga kumatsimikiziridwa ngati, kuwonjezera pa kuthamanga kwa shuga (pamwamba pa 7 mmol / L), hyperglycemia pamtunda wa 11.1 mmol / L pambuyo pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi atapezeka. Ngati ndi kotheka, wachinyamata amapatsidwa kafukufuku wowonjezera: kusanthula mkodzo wa shuga, kutsimikiza kwa matupi a ketone m'magazi ndi mkodzo, kuphunzira za glycated hemoglobin, kusanthula kwa zamankhwala.

Matenda a shuga a ketoacidosis

Kukula kwa matenda ashuga a ketoacidotic amatsimikiza ndi kuyenera kwa mankhwalawa. Matenda a shuga komanso matenda ashuga ketoacidosis onse amachititsa kufa kwa 5-10%, komanso kwa azaka zopitilira 60 ndi kupitilira.

Njira zazikulu zamankhwala ndizoyang'anira insulin kupondereza kupangika kwa matupi a ketone ndi kuwonongeka kwa mafuta, kubwezeretsa kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi ndi ma electrolyte oyambira m'thupi, acidosis ndikuchotsa zomwe zimayambitsa izi.

Kuti muchepetse kuchepa kwamadzi, mchere waumunthu umalowetsedwa pamtunda wa 1 lita imodzi, koma ndi kusakwanira kwa mtima kapena impso, umatha kuchepa. Kutsimikiza kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kuchuluka kwa yovulazidwayo imatsimikiziridwa munthawi iliyonse.

Mu malo osamalidwa kwambiri, insulini imayikidwa ndi masanjidwe afupiafupi kapena kapangidwe kochepa malinga ndi njira zotsatirazi:

1. Mothandizirana, pang'onopang'ono, PISCES 10, kenako 5 PIERES / ola limodzi, kuti muchepetse kukonzekera kusakhazikika pamipanda ya burashi, 20% ya albin imawonjezeredwa. Pambuyo kutsitsa shuga mpaka 13 mmol / l, kuchuluka kwa makonzedwe kumachepetsedwa ndi 2 times.
2. Mu dontho lokhazikika muyezo wa 0.1 PIECES pa ola limodzi, ndiye kuti muchepetse pambuyo pokhazikika kwa glycemic.
3. Insulin imayendetsedwa ndi intramuscularly kokha ndi kashiacidosis yotsika ya 10-16 magawo.
4. Ndi kuchepa kwa shuga mpaka 11 mmol / l, amasinthana ndi jakisoni wa insulin: magawo a 4-6 maola atatu aliwonse,

Pulogalamu yathanzi ya sodium chloride imapitilizidwanso kuti igwiritsidwenso ntchito pothandiza magazi m'thupi, ndiye kuti shuga ya 5% ikhoza kuperekedwa limodzi ndi insulin. Kubwezeretsa zomwe zinali m'nthawi yatsamba ndikugwiritsa ntchito mayankho okhala ndi potaziyamu, magnesium, phosphates. Akatswiri nthawi zambiri amakana kuyambitsa sodium bicarbonate.

Kuchiza kumawerengedwa ngati kupambana ngati chiwonetsero cha matenda ashuga ketoacidosis chikuchotsedwa, kuchuluka kwa shuga kuli pafupi ndi cholinga, matupi a ketone samakwezedwa, mawonekedwe a magazi ndi asidi omwe amakhala pafupi ndi thupi. Odwala, mosasamala mtundu wa shuga, amawonetsedwa ndi insulin mankhwala kuchipatala.

Kanemayo munkhaniyi akupereka malingaliro ochepetsa shuga m'magazi.

Kupewa

Pali njira zambiri zopewera zomwe cholinga chake ndi kupewa matenda a shuga. Koma palibe njira yomwe yatsimikizira kugwira ntchito.

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Pathology imatha kuchedwa kwa nthawi yayitali, koma ndizosatheka kuziletsa.

Carbohydrate kagayidwe mu achinyamata

Zinapezeka kuti pamikhalidwe yofanana, achinyamata amawonetsa hemoglobin wokwera kwambiri kuposa achikulire, ngakhale kuchuluka kwa insulin. Insulin nthawi zambiri imakhala yofunikira kwambiri kwa achinyamata kuposa mwana wazaka chimodzi kapena wodwala wazaka 20.

Izi zikuwonetsedwa pokhudzana ndi mfundo yoti msinkhu wa mahomoni okula msinkhu wopsinjika uli pafupi kuwirikiza, komanso ma steroid ogonana ndi pafupifupi 35%. Izi zimabweretsa kuti mafutawa amathyoledwa mwachangu ndikuwonjezera mafuta acids aulere, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira mphamvu, ndipo kumva kwa insulin kumachepa.

Zotsatira za insulin pa achinyamata zim 30-30% kutsika kuposa momwe zimakhalira kwa munthu wazaka 21 kapena wamkulu. Chifukwa chake, pochita insulin mankhwala, makonzedwe akulu a insulin ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndikuwonjezera pafupipafupi pakukonzekera kwake.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matenda ashuga akhale ndi:

• Mulingo wambiri wokhala ndi nkhawa.
• Kuwonekera pamavuto akudya.
• Zizolowezi zoipa.
• Kukhumudwa ndi kudzitsitsa.

Chifukwa chake, ngati pali zovuta zomwe zingayambike pakudya zakudya ndi chithandizo, nthawi zina ndikofunikira, kuwonjezera pa endocrinologist, kuchita psychotherapist kuti muwongolere machitidwe amachitidwe.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi

Kuzindikira matenda ashuga, kuphunzira kusala kudya kwa glycemia. Zizindikiro za kukhazikitsidwa kwake zimatha kukhala cholowa chamtsogolo komanso mawonekedwe a matenda amtundu wa shuga: wachinyamata adayamba kumwa madzi ambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amapita kuchimbudzi, ngakhale kuti kulakalaka kudya ndikukula kwakanthawi kochepa kumachepetsedwa.

Komanso, makolo amatha kudziwa kuzizira, zotupa ndi kuyabwa pakhungu, ziwalo zopukutira ziwalo, kuwonjezereka kutopa, kusakwiya, komanso kusachita chidwi. Cholinga choyesedwa chikhoza kukhala kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe.

Wachinyamata akamamuyesa koyamba, ndiye kuti amamulembera mayeso a shuga, omwe amachitidwa m'mawa asanadye. Ndikofunikira kuti musanaphunzire kwa maola 8 kuchokera pakudya, kwa maola awiri ndi atatu kuchokera pakusuta komanso kulimbitsa thupi, zakumwa zilizonse, kupatula madzi. Mulingo wothira magazi kwa achinyamata azaka 13-16 ndi 3,3 - 5.5 mmol / l.

Ngati mulingo wa glycemia sapitirira 6.9 mmol / l, koma ndiwopamwamba kuposa wabwinobwino, ndiye kuti kupezeka kwa kulolerana kwamatumbo kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuyesedwa kowonjezera ndi shuga, ndipo ngati magazi ali ndi shuga wopitilira 7 mmol / l, ndiye kuti lingaliro loyambirira la adotolo ndi shuga.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda osagwirizana ndi matenda a shuga:

1. Matenda a chiwindi.
2. Kumwa mankhwala omwe ali ndi mahomoni.
3. Matenda a impso.
4. Matenda a chithokomiro kapena adrenal gland.
5. Matenda a pituitary kapena hypothalamic metabolic.

Hyperglycemia yabodza imatha kuchitika ngati chakudya chinatengedwa phunzirolo lisanachitike kapena panali kupanikizika, kapena kulimbitsa thupi, kusuta, kumwa mankhwala a anabolic, zakumwa zamphamvu kapena khofi.

Shuga wochepa amachititsa kutupa m'mimba kapena matumbo, njira za chotupa, kuchepa kwa mahomoni am'matumbo a adrenal ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, poyizoni, kuvulala kwamkati mwa ubongo.

Matenda ena amtundu ungayambitse shuga wamagazi ochepa.

Mndandanda wa miyezo ya shuga yamagazi mwa ana aunyamata

Tizindikire kuti magawo osiyanasiyana a moyo wa ana amatha kuwonetsa kufunika kosawoneka kwa kukhalapo kwa lactin m'magazi.

Mwachitsanzo, mpaka zaka 10-12, milingo yake yayikulu imachepa. Nthawi zina amatha kusiyanasiyana ndi momwe akulu akulu amagwirira ntchito, zomwe siziyenera kuwopsa makolo komanso sizikuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.

Kuti muwone bwino shuga za ana, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito gome ili m'munsiyi:

Monga momwe tingawerengere pamasamba awa, kuchuluka kwa kukhalapo kwa shuga mwa achinyamata kuli kofanana ndendende ndi misinkhu ya akuluakulu.

Zizindikiro ziyenera kuganiziridwa kutengera mtundu wa anthu amisinkhu yotchulidwa:

Zomwe zimachitika mu kusintha kwa mphamvu ya thupi m'thupi la shuga

Kholo lirilonse liyenera kudziwa kuti kutha msungwana kwa atsikana komanso wamwamuna kumatha kukhudza zomwe zimachitika mthupi la shuga, zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi zifukwa zathupi.

Panthawi imeneyi, chiopsezo chotenga matenda "okoma" m'thupi, momwe kusintha kwamphamvu kwa mahomoni kumachitika.

Nthawi zambiri, izi zimabweretsa kuchepa kwa chidwi cha minofu ndi maselo kupita ku insulin. M'malo azachipatala, njirayi imatchedwa insulin kukana ndipo imapangitsa shuga kutuluka.

Izi ndizowopsa makamaka ndikuyendetsa bwino shuga. Kukulitsa vutoli, kufunitsitsa kwa wachinyamata kuti asakhale mbewa ya mbewa mu kampani kungapangitse kuti azigwiritsa ntchito zakudya zopanda pake, mowa ndi kusuta fodya.

PKuwerenga kwa mwana wotereku kumakhala kovuta, ndipo nthawi zina kumakhala koopsa. Izi zimatha kubweretsa kupangidwa kwa hypoglycemia ndi matenda ashuga.

Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri munthawi imeneyi kuti muziyang'anira mwana wanu kwambiri ndikuwongolera thanzi lanu.

Zimayambitsa kupatuka kwa glucose ku chizolowezi cha achinyamata

Nthawi ya kutha msambo imabweretsa mavuto osiyanasiyana ndi chithandizo chochuluka cha matenda.

Ndi panthawiyi kuti kuwongolera kwa shuga kumachepa, chakudya chimatengedwa mosasamala, kuikidwa kwa adokotala sikukwaniritsidwa, ndipo machitidwe amadziwika ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu.

Njira yowonjezera katulutsidwe wa ziwalo zogonana ndi ma gren adrenal imakhala chifukwa chokwanira kuti thupi lisamve insulin.

Zinthu zonsezi zimatha kuyambitsa kuphwanya kwa kagayidwe kachakudya, ndipo, chifukwa chake, kukula kwa matenda ashuga. Chifukwa chake, muubwana, pakhoza kukhala zosankha ziwiri pakupanga zochitika ndi milingo ya lactin.

Kuchulukitsa

Kupatuka kuchoka pamiyezo yokhazikika kumayendedwe okukula kumatchulidwa kumalo azachipatala monga hyperglycemia.

Mapangidwe a hyperglycemia akhoza:

• Zakudya zosalamulirika zokhala ndi shuga,
• chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, chithokomiro, zotupa,
• matenda a pancreatic, zomwe zimapangitsa kutsika kwa insulin mthupi,
• onenepa kwambiri
• matenda amanjenje
• kusowa kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi
• matenda opatsirana
• kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othana ndi kutupa omwe alibe mahomoni kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kuchepetsa

Mu achinyamata, kufunika kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kuchepa chifukwa:

• kagayidwe kachakudya matenda
• zosasamala
• matenda aubongo,
• kulephera kwa aimpso
• zopatuka m'magawo am'mimba - enteritis, gastritis, kapamba, gastroduodenitis,
• kuchuluka kwa zamaganizidwe,
• matenda ovuta
• zotupa mu kapamba,
• poyizoni wa arsenic, chloroform,
• sarcoidosis
• khunyu.

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga kuubwana

Zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda ashuga mwa ana zimatha kudziwonetsa akadali aang'ono kwambiri. Komabe, pamakhala nthawi zina pamene mwana “amangokula” ndipo, atakula, salinso ndi vuto lotere. Izi zimachitika mwanjira zina pomwe mwana samakumana ndi mavuto amisala, samadwala matenda omwe amachepetsa chitetezo cha mthupi.

Ngati chilichonse chikuchitika mosiyana, ndiye kuti wachinyamata pakapita nthawi amakumana ndi chiwonetsero cha chithunzi chathunthu cha matenda "okoma".

Kuchulukana kwa ludzu ndi chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha kukula kwa shuga. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zizindikiritso za mtundu woyamba wa II ndi mtundu II wa achinyamata muubwana ndi zofanana ndi zomwe zimadziwika m'gulu la anthu akuluakulu.

Poyamba, mwana amakhala ndi zinthu monga:

• ludzu lochulukirapo, lowonetsedwa kwambiri usiku,
• kuyanika kuchokera mucosa wamlomo,
• kuchuluka kwamikodzo tsiku lililonse komanso chimbudzi pafupipafupi,
• khungu lowuma, mucous membrane, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi,
• kusinthasintha kwamphamvu kwa thupi potengera kukwera kapena kuchepa,
• kulakalaka kwambiri, komwe kumakonda mtundu wa II matenda,
• kupsinjika kwakukulu, kutopa, kutopa,
• kuyabwa pakhungu,
• dzanzi lam'munsi, miyendo yam'munsi,
• masomphenya osalala, mawonekedwe osalala.

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga Achinyamata zimatha kuonekera zonse nthawi imodzi kapena zimachitika pang'onopang'ono, matendawa akamakula. Ndi matenda osazindikira a matenda ashuga komanso kuyambitsidwa kwa mankhwala, njira ya matendawa imabweretsa zovuta zomwe ndizovuta kuchiza.

Makanema okhudzana nawo

About miyezo ya shuga wamagazi mwa ana a mibadwo yosiyana mu kanema:

Achinyamata, chifukwa cha msinkhu wawo, komanso kusintha kwa mahomoni omwe amapezeka m'thupi lawo panthawiyi, ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda osiyanasiyana. Zina mwa izo sizikhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu, pomwe zina zimatha kubweretsa zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zingasinthe moyo wawo wonse wamtsogolo.

Zina mwa izi ndi matenda a shuga. Kuphatikiza apo, zakudya, zolimbitsa thupi ndi zamaganizidwe, zochita za wachinyamata, kudziwikiratu zamtsogolo komanso kusintha kwa mahomoni kungapangitse kuti mapangidwe a matendawa athe.

Pachifukwa ichi, ndi nthawi iyi pomwe makolo amayenera kuyang'anira mwana wawo kwambiri kuti asayambe zoyipa.

• Imakhazikika pamisempha ya shuga kwa nthawi yayitali
• Imabwezeretsa kapangidwe ka insulin

Phunzirani zambiri. Osati mankhwala. ->

Kuwongolera kwa glycemia mu achinyamata odwala matenda ashuga

Muyezo wa shuga uyenera kukhala ndi shuga osachepera 2 kawiri pa tsiku. Kutsimikiza kumodzi kuyenera kupangidwa isanagonedwe kuti tipewe hypoglycemia usiku. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kuwunika momwe masinthidwe azakudya, zochitika zamasewera, matenda ophatikizira, mayeso.

Ndikofunikira kuti azisunga kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi mitundu ya insulin yomwe yalowetsedwa. Kwa achinyamata, njira yabwino kwambiri ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu apadera opangira zida zamagetsi zamagetsi.

Maphunziro a achinyamata omwe ali m'masukulu a matenda ashuga ayenera kuganizira malingaliro osintha momwe mankhwalawo angathandizire: masiku obadwa, mowa, chakudya mwachangu, masewera kapena jakisoni wokakamizidwa zakudya ndi jakisoni wa insulin.

Ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga kapena kukwera koyembekezeka, muyenera kuchepetsa gawo la chakudya kapena masewera olimbitsa thupi. Njira imodzi ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa insulin yochepa, koma dziwani kuti kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kungayambitse kulemera, komanso matenda a insulin.

Njira zoyenera kuchitira odwala matenda ashuga achinyamata ndi izi:

• Mulingo wothamanga wa glycemia ndi 5.5-5.9 mmol / L.
• Glycemia atatha kudya (pambuyo pa mphindi 120) ali pansi pa 7.5 mmol / L.
• Lipid spectrum (mu mmol / L): cholesterol mpaka 4.5, triglycerides pansipa 1.7, LDL yocheperako 2.5, ndi HDL yapamwamba kuposa 1.1.
• Glycated hemoglobin nthawi zambiri imakhala pansi pa 6.5%.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi mpaka 130/80 mm RT. Art.

Kukwaniritsa zolinga za glycemic zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri zovuta za matenda ashuga zimatheka pokhapokha pokonza zakudya.

Muyeneranso kukonzekera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu omwe atengedwa ndi mlingo wa insulin, womwe ungathandize mayamwidwe awo.

Kodi mungapewe bwanji hypoglycemia mwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga?

Mankhwala othandizira insulin, omwe ndi chithandizo chachikulu cha matenda a shuga 1 muubwana, komanso kusakhazikika kwa chakudya komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zambiri. Chifukwa chake, odwala oterowo ayenera kukhala nawo nthawi zonse msuzi wokoma kapena shuga.

Ndi digiri yofatsa, hypoglycemia imawonetsedwa ndikuwopseza njala, yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi kufooka, kupweteka kwa mutu, manja ndi miyendo, kusintha kwa kusintha kwa mawonekedwe - kukwiya kwambiri kapena kukhumudwa kumachitika. Mwanayo akhoza kumva chizungulire kapena kuona.

Ndi digirii yabwino, achinyamata amatha kusiya malingaliro awo m'malo, kuchita zosayenera ndikusazindikira kuopsa kwa vutoli, ndikuyankha mwamphamvu poyeserera chithandizo chamankhwala. Ana akamamenyedwa kwambiri, amagwa, ndipo nthawi zina amakomoka.

Malamulo oyambira kupewa hypoglycemia:

1. Mwazi wa magazi suyenera kugwera pansi pa 5 mmol / L.
2. Onetsetsani kuti mumayeza glycemia musanagone.
3. Ngati shuga ndi wotsika kuposa 5 mmol / l musanadye, ndiye kuti palibe jakisoni yemwe amaperekedwa musanadye, mwana ayenera kudya kaye, kenako ndi kuyeza shuga ndi kubayirira insulin.
4. Osamwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa hypoglycemia, chifukwa kufunika kwa glucose mu minofu minofu kumawonjezeka, ndipo mwakuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, mphamvu za glycogen zimatha. Zovuta zamasewera zimatha kukhala kwa maola 8-10. Chifukwa chake, kwa odwala matenda a shuga, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse mlingo wa insulin womwe umayendetsedwa nthawi yayitali.

Popewa kugwedezeka kwa hypoglycemia usiku, muyenera kudya komanso pambuyo kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Achinyamata amafunikira chakudya pakatha mphindi 45 zilizonse. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kupeza theka la chakudya kuchokera ku zipatso, ndipo gawo lachiwiri liyenera kukhala ndi zovuta zamatumbo - mwachitsanzo, sangweji tchizi. Ndi pafupipafupi hypoglycemia, kusamutsa makalasi m'maola.

Kuti muthane ndi hypoglycemia yofatsa kapena yolimbitsa thupi, muyenera kumwa 10 ga a shuga m'magome (kapu imodzi ya madzi kapena chakumwa chokoma). Ngati Zizindikiro sizitha, ndiye kuti patatha mphindi 10 - bwerezani. Ndi shuga wambiri wotsika shuga, glucagon amayenera kubayidwa, pambuyo pake mwanayo adye.

Kuopsa kosautsa pafupipafupi kwa hypoglycemia mu matenda ashuga ndikuti kuwonongeka kwa ubongo kumayamba pang'onopang'ono, komwe kumatha kuchepetsa luntha lamtsogolo. Kwa ana, chinthu chomvetsa chisoni kwambiri chimakhala chotengera cha zomwe anzawo akuchita pamakhalidwe otere osadziletsa.

Choopsa kwambiri muubwana ndikugwiritsa ntchito zakumwa zoledzeretsa zomwe zimakhala ndi hypoglycemia. Tisaiwale kuti pakakhala vuto lalikulu, glucagon kumayambiriro kwa mowa sagwira ntchito, choncho wachinyamata amafunikira kuchipatala mwachangu komanso kuyamwa kwa njira yokhazikika ya shuga.

Katswiri kuchokera pa kanema munkhaniyi akamba za kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Zizindikiro za matendawa

Zizindikiro za matendawa zimayamba kuoneka ngakhale asanafike zaka khumi. Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro za matenda ashuga zimadzimva mu unyamata kuyambira zaka 12 mpaka 16, mwa atsikana - kuyambira 10 mpaka 14. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti nthawi imeneyi imakhala ikukonzanso thupi, ziwalo zonse ndi machitidwe ake zimasinthana ndi mahomoni.

Ndiye chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa thanzi la achinyamata, kuti muwone zonse zachilendo pakusintha kwa boma, kuti musaphonye zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa.

Werengani komanso Momwe mungadziwire matenda a shuga mwa akazi

1. Polydipsia ndi ludzu lamphamvu, mwana amamwa madzi ambiri mosiyanasiyana.
2. Nocturia - kukodza pokonzekera usiku. Mwana akamakodza usiku nthawi zambiri kuposa masana;
3. Kuchulukitsa chilakolako.

Ana amadya bwino komanso kudya kwambiri, ndi zizindikiro za kuchepa thupi, nseru, komanso nthawi zina kusanza. Kuyabwa kwamitundu. Makamaka mkhalidwe kwa achinyamata kuposa ana ang'ono.

Chizindikiro ichi chimalumikizidwa ndikuti glucose amawonekera mkodzo wa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, pH ya mkodzo imasinthika, imakwiyitsa mucous membrane wamkati, komanso khungu la perineum.

Makolo, achibale ayenera kuyang'anira kwambiri thanzi la achinyamata panthawi yomwe akutha msinkhu, makamaka atakula. Matenda amtundu wa endocrine amatha kutengedwa ngati kukonzanso kwa thupi, ndipo zizindikirazo zidzadziwika chifukwa cha ukalamba.

Zofunika! Chiwopsezo chotengera zizindikiro za matenda omwe amayamba ndi matenda ashuga kutha kutha msanga. Izi zimatha kutha nthawi yayitali komanso kulandira chithandizo mosayembekezereka.

Zotsatira za matenda osokoneza bongo pakubwera kwa achinyamata

Monga taonera pamwambapa, kutha msambo kumadziwika ndi ntchito yayikulu ya endocrine system yonse. Kukula kwa matenda ashuga nthawi imeneyi kumatha kubweretsa zotsatirapo zosiyanasiyana.

1. Kutsika kwa kukula kwa mwana, monga chotengera, kuchedwetsa Kukula kwakuthupi. Izi ndichifukwa choti kusowa kwa insulini m'magazi kumabweretsa "kufa" ndi thupi, njira zowonongeka zomwe zimakhala m'maselo zimadutsa momwe kaphatikizidwe, minofu yamafupa ndi minofu sizimapangika, ndipo kuchuluka kokwanira kwa mahomoni sikupangidwe.
2. Atsikana atha kusokonezeka ndi kusamba kwa msambo, kusowa kwa msambo, kuchulukitsa kuyamwa mu perineum, matenda oyamba ndi ziwalo zoberekera.
3. Zilonda zolimba za khungu zimapitilira.
4. Kuphwanya kwakakhazikika kwa thupi kumayambitsa kusakhazikika kwa malingaliro, kumapangitsa kusinthasintha kwa malingaliro kwa achinyamata mu timu.
5. Matenda oyenda osiyanasiyana a ziwalo ndi ma khunyu (pulmonary, matenda a impso) amachepetsa chitetezo cha mthupi, zimapangitsa kuti thupi lizigwirizana.

Werengani komanso Zotsatira zakupsinjika kwa shuga wamagazi.

Likukhalira bwalo loipa. Njira yotulukirayo iyenera kufunidwa pokhapokha pothandizidwa ndi katswiri - endocrinologist yemwe adzayankhe moyenera, ndipo ngati ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti akuyenera kulandira chithandizo chokwanira.

Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga

Malangizo oyenera amathandizidwa ndi amodzi okha ndi endocrinologist atapenda mozama, mbiri yachipatala, madandaulo, ndikuphunzira za matendawa. Sipangokhala kukonza kwachipatala, komanso zakudya, kugawidwa kwa kupsinjika kwakuthupi, kwamalingaliro.

Choyamba, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa mtundu wanji wa matenda ashuga wachinyamata: wodalira insulin kapena wodziimira payekha. Kutengera izi, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mankhwala. Njira yodziwika bwino yodziwira chithandizo imaphatikizapo mfundo zotsatirazi.

1. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mankhwala okwanira: ngati mawonekedwe a insulin - ngati mungathe kusintha insulin, ngati kuli kotheka, sinthani msempha wamagazi mothandizidwa ndi ma hypoglycemic othandizira - kusankha mankhwala ndi machitidwe awo oyenera.
2. Kuwongolera zakudya komanso kukulitsa kwa zakudya. Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta chamagetsi kuti chovomerezeka. Kuchotsera zakudya zogulira mwachangu. Zinthu zomwe zili ndi zowonjezera zamafuta. Mawu oyamba azakudya zomwe zili ndi mavitamini ambiri, kufufuza zinthu, ulusi, osakwiyitsa m'mimba. Izi ndi zinthu monga tirigu: zakudya zopaka bwino, oat, chimanga, tirigu, zipatso zambiri, masamba osaphika ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yophikira. Kuchotsera nyama zamafuta, nsomba, yokazinga, zokometsera, zakudya zamchere.
3. Kuwongolera zizindikiro za kusakhazikika kwa malingaliro, kuchedwa kwa chitukuko chakuthupi, masewera ndizofunikira.

Kuzindikira matenda ashuga si chiganizo konse. Mukazindikira ndi kulandira chithandizo moyenera pa nthawi yake, pafupifupi chindapusa chonse komanso moyo wabwino ndizotsimikizika.

Unyamata - Zovuta pakuwongolera matenda a shuga

Njira ya matenda ashuga kuubwana ili ndi machitidwe ake. Pakadali pano, kusintha kwa ma hormonal kumachitika mthupi, zomwe zimadziwonetsera kunja ndi kuthamanga kwa kutalika kwa mizere komanso kukula kwa machitidwe achiwerewere.

Njira ya matenda ashuga kuubwana ili ndi machitidwe ake. Pakadali pano mu thupi ndikupita kusintha kwa mahomoni, zomwe zimawonetsedwa kunja ndi kukweza kwa mzere ndi chitukuko cha machitidwe achigololo.

Kukula kwambiri ndi kutha msambo kumayendetsedwa ndi mahomoni okula ndi mahomoni ogonana, zomwe zimayang'anizana mosiyana chachikulu kwachilengedwenso zotsatira za insulin - chifukwa chake amatchedwa mahomoni olimbana ndi mahomoni. Kuphatikiza apo, muubwana, chidwi cha minofu yam'mimba ndi minyewa ya adipose pazochitika za insulin zimachepa, i.e.

zokhudza thupi insulin kukana anatsimikiza. Zotsatira zake kusinthasintha kwa shuga m'magazi kungaonekezomwe ndizovuta kuzitsogolera.

Musaiwale za gawo labwino la zolimbitsa thupi

Tisaiwale za gawo labwino la zochita zolimbitsa thupi munthawi yovutayi komanso yovuta panthawi ya matenda ashuga.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pazochitika zina kumakhudza shuga wa magazi, kumathandizira kuti ikhale yachilendo, komanso kumakulitsa chidwi cha minofu kuti insulini.

Chifukwa chake, zolimbitsa thupi ziyenera kukhala zadongosolo komanso zoyenera. Samangolimbitsa thupi, komanso amabweretsa mphamvu komanso kusangalala.

Kudziwa mawonekedwe a matenda ashuga wachinyamata, kudziletsa mosamala kumakupatsani mwayi wopulumuka nthawi yovuta iyi komanso ulemu ndikupewera kukula kwa zovuta.

Matenda a achinyamata

Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge kaye “shuga mu Ana” ndi “Type 1 shuga a Ana”. M'nkhani ya lero, tidzakambirana zomwe zili ndi matenda ashuga achinyamata. Tiona momwe tingachitire zinthu moyenera kwa makolo ndi wachinyamata yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kuti achedwetse zovuta, kapena bwino, kuti tipewe zonse.

Nthawi yakutha msinkhu, njira ya matenda ashuga mu achinyamata imachulukirachulukira

Wachinyamata amayesetsa kuti azisonyeza ufulu wake payekha. Chifukwa chake, makolo anzeru pang'onopang'ono akutumiza udindo wambiri wowongolera matenda a shuga kwa iye. Koma ngakhale atakula, si achinyamata onse omwe amatha kuyang'anira thanzi lawo mosamala. Zomwe zimachitika m'maganizo zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pochiza matenda osokoneza bongo a achinyamata.

Kodi zizindikilo za matenda ashuga za achinyamata ndi ziti?

Magaziniyi yafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane mu nkhani ya "Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga kwa ana" mu gawo "Kodi pali zizindikiro zapadera za matenda ashuga kwa achinyamata?". Mwambiri, zizindikiro za matenda ashuga mu achinyamata zimafanana ndi akulu. Makhalidwe a shuga muubwana samayanjananso ndi zizindikiro, koma njira zamankhwala zochizira matenda akulu.

Pakupezeka koyambirira kwa matenda ashuga, achinyamata nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi khungu lowuma komanso mucous nembanemba chifukwa chadzaza madzi. Matenda a shuga amatha kuwoneka pamasaya, pamphumi kapena pachifuwa. Pa mucous nembanemba wamkamwa, pamakhala kupsinjika kapena stomatitis (kutupa).

Matenda a shuga nthawi zambiri amatsogolera ku kavufa kwa seborrhea (dandruff) pakhungu, ndikukhazikika pamiyendo ndi pansi. Milomo ndi milomo yamlomo imakhala yofiyira, yowuma. Mwa ana ndi achinyamata, kukulitsa chiwindi kumadziwika nthawi yoyamba kuyesa matenda ashuga. Zimadutsa pomwe shuga wamagazi amachepa.

Zomwe zimachitika ndi matenda ashuga mukamakula

Pa nthawi yakutha msambo, njira ya matenda ashuga mu achinyamata imachulukirachulukira, pazifukwa zathupi komanso zamaganizidwe. Pakadali pano, mphamvu ya mahomoni m'thupi imasintha mwachangu, ndipo izi zimachepetsa chidwi cha minyewa kupita ku insulin.Izi zimatchedwa insulin kukana, ndipo zimakweza shuga wamagazi ngati matenda ashuga sawayendetsa bwino.

Kuphatikiza apo, poyesera kuti asadziwike pakati pa anzawo, achinyamata nthawi zina amasowa jakisoni wa insulin, kudya zakudya zopanda pake ndi mowa chifukwa cha kampani kapena kudumphira chakudya. Amakonda kuchita zinthu zosafunikira komanso zoopsa, zomwe zimakhala zowopsa kwa odwala matenda ashuga chifukwa choopsa cha hypoglycemia.

Kuchiza matenda achinyamata

Cholinga chamankhwala ochizira achinyamata ndikusunga hemoglobin HbA1C yapakati pa 7% ndi 9%. Mwa ana aang'ono, chizindikiro ichi chikhoza kukhala chapamwamba. Ngati glycated hemoglobin imaposa 11%, ndiye kuti shuga imawerengedwa kuti satha kuyendetsa bwino.

Pazidziwitso zanu, kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated mwa anthu athanzi ndi 4.2% - 4.6%. Chithandizo chamankhwala chimakhulupirira kuti ngati wodwala matenda a shuga a HbA1C ali 6% kapena kutsika, ndiye kuti matenda amawongolera bwino. Koma zikuwonekeratu kuti izi ndizitali kwambiri kuchokera kuzowonetsa anthu omwe ali ndi metabolism ya carbohydrate.

Ngati glycated hemoglobin imasungidwa pa 7.5% kapena kuposerapo, zovuta zakupha kapena zovuta zokhudzana ndi matenda a shuga zimatha kuchitika pasanathe zaka 5. Ngati chizindikirochi chikuchokera ku 6.5% mpaka 7.5%, ndiye kuti zovuta zitha kuyembekezeredwa zaka 10-20. Makamaka kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima.

Mwachidziwikire, wachinyamata yemwe akufuna kukhala ndi moyo zaka zina 60 kapena kupitilira apo sangathe kuwongolera matenda ashuga kuchoka pa 7% mpaka 9% pamlingo wa HbA1C. Mwamwayi, pali njira yabwino yochepetsera shuga wamagazi anu ndikuwasunga pafupi kwambiri.

Zakudya zama carb ochepa pochiza matenda ashuga achinyamata

Tsamba lathu linapangidwa kuti lizikulimbikitsa kudya zakudya zamagulu ochepa a shuga 1 komanso matenda a shuga. Zinapezeka kuti munthu amene amadya matenda ashuga kwambiri, zimakhala zosavuta kuti azikhala ndi shuga m'magazi ake. Zolemba zathu zazikulu zomwe timalimbikitsa kuwerenga:

Zakudya zamafuta ochepa sizabwino kuthana ndi vuto la achinyamata, monga momwe zilili ndi odwala akuluakulu. Palibe chifukwa choopera kuti chitha kuvulaza kukula ndi thupi la wachinyamata. Kukula kwabwinobwino, sikofunikira kudya mafuta ambiri.

Mupeza mndandanda wa mapuloteni ofunikira (amino acid) ndi mafuta (ma acid acids) ofunika. Munthu wawo azimwedwa ndi chakudya, chifukwa sadzafa chifukwa chotopa. Koma simupeza mndandanda wazakudya zofunika zam'mabotolo, ngakhale mutafunafuna zochuluka motani, chifukwa sizachilengedwe. Poterepa, zakudya zamafuta zimapweteka mu shuga.

Wachinyamata akapeza zakudya zopatsa mphamvu pang'ono pambuyo poti wapezeka ndi matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti nthawi yake ya "kukwatirana nayeyo" imatenga nthawi yayitali - mwina zaka zingapo, kapena moyo wake wonse. Chifukwa choti katundu wazakudya zam'mimba pancreas amachepa, ndikuwonongeka kwa maselo a beta omwe amapanga insulin amachepetsa.

Maphikidwe a chakudya chamafuta ochepa a mtundu 1 ndi matenda ashuga 2 amapezeka pano.

Masewera amadzimadzi amawunika kuwunika kwa achinyamata

Mu shuga mellitus, zakudya zamagulu ochepa zimagwira bwino pokhapokha podziyang'anira magazi a shuga. Izi zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mita 4-7 tsiku lililonse.

Ngakhale wachinyamata akufuna kulipira chidwi kwambiri pakulamulira matenda ake a shuga kumadalira makolo ake komanso malo omwe akukhalako. Zofunika! Onetsetsani kuti mita ndi yolondola.

Ngati "akunama" kwambiri, ndiye kuti zonse zomwe zitha kuchitikira matenda a shuga sizingakhale ntchito.

Kodi ndi zolemba zina ziti zomwe zingakuthandizeni:

• Momwe mungayetsere shuga wamagazi ndi glucometer sizipweteka,
• Njira za insulin.