Maganizo odzipha

Kudzipha kwa Oscar wopanga zisudzo komanso wojambula wonyoza Robin Williams Lolemba kudadabwitsa dziko lapansi.

Poganizira ndi malipoti a media, munyengo yomaliza ya moyo wake, Williams anali mu mkhalidwe woipa wamtima ndipo "adalimbana ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu."

Anthu mamiliyoni achikulire aku America akupitilizabe kulimbana ndi matenda operewera.

Mwamwayi, nthawi zambiri, mankhwala ndi psychotherapy amathandizira kukulitsa kusintha kwawo ndikusintha momwe amawonera.

Ena, komabe, chiyembekezo sichimapita kulikonse, ngakhale ndi chithandizo. Pafupifupi pafupifupi 39,000 odzipha amalembetsedwa ku America chaka chilichonse, ndipo zambiri zimayambitsidwa ndi kukhumudwa, nkhawa, kapena psychosis.

Kodi chimapangitsa kupsinjika mtima kupha anthu ena? Ndipo kodi pali machenjezo aliwonse otsogolera omwe angathandize okondedwayo kulowerera panthawi?

Buku lachipatala WebMD lapempha akatswiri odziwa zamisala kuti agawane malingaliro awo pankhaniyi. Palibe aliyense mwa madotawa omwe adatenga nawo mbali pochiritsa a Robin Williams.

Ndi chiyani chomwe chimapangitsa kuti kuvutika maganizo kufala komanso kuvuta kuchiritsa?

"Ndi nkhani ya moyo ndi imfa ya anthu ena, koma sitikudziwa chifukwa chake," akutero Dr. Lon Schneider. Dr. Schneider ndi pulofesa wa psychiatry, neurology, ndi gerontology ku Keck School of Medicine ku University of Southern California. M'malingaliro ake, mawu oti "kulimbana ndi kuvutika maganizo" ndi olondola kwambiri.

Matendawa amatha kukhala ovuta ndipo, malinga ndi dokotala, amatha kukhala osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, wina yemwe ali ndi nkhawa yayikulu amakhala kuti nthawi zambiri amakhala akuvutika kwambiri nkhawa. Wina atatha kukhumudwa kwambiri atha kukhala osakhazikika, kapena angayambenso kuvutika maganizo. Anthu ambiri amabwerera m'mavuto okhumudwa.

"Matenda a kuvutika maganizo ndi matenda ovuta kwambiri kuchiza, chifukwa amachitika chifukwa cha majini komanso chilengedwe," akutero Dr. Scott Krakower. Dr. Krackover ndi Wothandizira Director of Psychiatry ku Zucker Hillside Hospital of North Shore LIJ Medical Group.

Malinga ndi Dr. Krakover, kuti chibadwa chokhala ndi nkhawa sichimveka bwino.

Iwo omwe ali ndi mbiri, mphamvu, ndi kuchita bwino, sakhala ndi nkhawa. "Mutha kupanga ntchito yabwino, kukhala ndi moyo wopambana, koma nonse mutha kukhala opsinjika kwambiri," akutero Krackover.

Ndi chiyani china chomwe chingakhudze nkhawa?

"Matenda akuthupi, makamaka a (kwanthawi yayitali), amatha kukulitsa nkhawa," atero Dr. Schneider. Mu 2009, a Robin Williams adachitidwa opaleshoni ya mtima, ngakhale sizikudziwika kuti izi zidapangitsa bwanji kulimbana kwake ndi kukhumudwa.

Mowa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, Schneider akuti, amathanso kuthana ndi kukhumudwa. Koma akuwonjezera kuti: "Ndikuganiza kuti ndikofunikira kulengeza mosamalitsa za munthu yemwe adamwa mowa kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo m'mbuyomu, kuti zimadziwika kuti mowa ndi cocaine zidamubweretsa."

A Robin Williams anali odekha, polankhula zakukonzanso kwake ndikuyesetsa kwake polimbana ndi mowa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Akuti adatenga maulendo awiri kupita kumalo okonzanso, omaliza omwe anali koyambirira kwa chilimwe.

Schneider anati: “Matenda a kuvutika maganizo amatha kukhala gawo limodzi la matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika. Matenda a Bipolar amadziwika ndi kusintha kwakukulu pamasinthidwe, mphamvu ndi magwiridwe antchito. Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zovuta kwambiri kuposa zochitika zam'manja. Koma sizinkadziwika kuti Williams anali ndi vuto la kusinthasintha kwa mapapo.

“Anthu nthawi zambiri samamwa mankhwala moyenera. Odwala akuti safuna kukumana ndi zovuta za mankhwalawa. Anthu nawonso safuna kuti izi zidziwike kuti ndi odwala, ”atero Dr. Krackover.

“Ngakhale atayamba kumwa mankhwalawo, ndiye kuti akangomva bwino, amaganiza kuti safunikiranso mankhwala awo. Popeza anasiya kumwa mankhwalawa, zimavutikanso kwambiri ndikadzakhalanso ndi nkhawa, ”akutero.

"Chiwopsezo chodzipha chitha kuchuluka anthu akamasiya kumwa mankhwala oletsa kuponderezana, motsutsana ndi malangizo a FDA. Odwala ena amene amasiya kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya vutoli amatha kunena mobwerezabwereza kuti akufuna kudzipha, ”akutero Dr. Schneider.

Kodi nchifukwa ninji kuvutika maganizo kumafa anthu ena?

Ululu ndi kuuma kwa matenda amisala, omwe nthawi zambiri samamveka kwa anthu athanzi labwino, akhoza kukhala osalephera. Odwala ambiri amakhala ndi chiyembekezo komanso kuthedwa nzeru, chifukwa ena samamvetsetsa.

“Kukhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri kungakhale kupha. Ena amasankha zodzipha kuti asiye kupweteka tsiku lililonse. Ngakhale ndi chithandizo choyenera mwa odwala ena, zothetsera izi zimakhalabe, kukhumudwa kumatha kugonjetsedwa ndi mankhwala. Koma kwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto la kupsinjika, kusinthika kwachangu kuchoka pachisoni kupita ku chisoni kumawonjezera mwayi wodzipha, "akutero Krackover.

Kodi achibale odwala angatani kuti apewe kukhumudwa?

Malinga ndi Dr. Schneider, ngakhale kwa akatswiri ndizovuta kwambiri kulosera kuti ndi ndani mwa odwala ake omwe akufuna kudzipha. Koma pali zikwangwani zingapo zowopsa zomwe zingasonyeze zolingalira za wodwalayo.

Chizindikiro chimodzi chowopsa ndikulankhula za kufa kapena kudzipha!

Zizindikiro zina zowopsa zomwe akatswiri ku American Suicide Prevention Fund akuphatikizapo:

1. Nenani zakusowa chiyembekezo, kusowa pogwira, kusowa chiyembekezo
2. Kudzimva kuti watha, kutaya mtima komanso kuda nkhawa
3. Kukhala wachisoni nthawi zonse
4. Kuchulukitsa kwaukali komanso kusakwiya
5. Kutaya chidwi ndi okondedwa komanso moyo
6. Maulendo osavomerezeka kwa anzanu
7. Kukhala ndi vuto kugona

Koma kuzindikira munthu amene akufuna kudzipha akadali pakati pa nkhondoyi. Ndizovuta kunena nthawi yomwe adzayesere, komanso ndizovuta kuti amuletse.

“Sikuti kudziyesa konse komwe kumakonzedweratu kapena kumakidwa. Kuyesayesa kungakhale kwachangu. China chake chimasokonekera, ndipo munthu yemwe ali ndi vuto lakudzimana amadzivulaza, "atero Krackover.

Kodi chinthu chabwino kuchita ndi izi ndi chiani? Choyamba, muyenera kukakamira kuti munthu alandire thandizo kuchokera kwa amisala.

Zina zomwe zingaphatikizepo:

1. Imbani apolisi kapena ambulansi
2. Osalola kuti munthu akhale yekha.
3. Chotsani zida zonse, mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi zinthu zina zomwe zingadzivulaze
4. Ngati zingatheke, tengani wodwala kuchipatala chapafupi kwambiri mosamala.

Makala

Maganizo odzipha ndi mawu omwe ali ndi tanthauzo losavuta: "malingaliro ofuna kudzipha," koma kupatula malingaliro pawokha, palinso zizindikiro zina zokhudzana ndi nkhawa ya munthu pamutuwu. Zina mwazizindikirozi ndi mikhalidwe yokhudzana, monga kuchepa thupi popanda kufuna, kuchepa mphamvu, kutopa kwambiri, kudzikayikira, kuyankhula mopambanitsa, kufunafuna zolinga zomwe m'mbuyomu sizimakhala zotheka kwa munthu, kumverera kuti malingaliro asiya kulakwitsa. Mawonekedwe kapena zofanana ndi izi, kuphatikiza kulephera kuzichotsa kapena kuthana nazo komanso zotsatira zake, komanso kukhazikika mtima m'maganizo, ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro zomwe zingasonyeze kutuluka kwa malingaliro ofuna kudzipha. Malingaliro odzipha angayambitse kupsinjika kwamalingaliro, mawonekedwe obwereza, koma zosiyana ndizothekanso - kupsinjika kwamaganizidwe kumatha kubweretsa mawonekedwe a malingaliro ofuna kudzipha. Zizindikiro zina zomwe zingasonyeze malingaliro ofuna kudzipha ndi monga:

• malingaliro opanda chiyembekezo
• anhedonia
• kugona kapena hypersomnia,
• kutaya chakudya kapena polyphagy,
• Kukhumudwa
• nkhawa zazikulu,
• kuvutika maganizo,
• chisangalalo (champhamvu champhamvu),
• mantha
• kudziimba mlandu kwambiri.

Masikelo kusintha |Matenda A shuga ndi Kukhumudwa: Zoopsa ndi Chithandizo

Kwa zaka zambiri osalimbana ndi ma DIABETES?

Mutu wa Bungwe: “Mudzadabwitsidwa kuti kumakhala kovuta motani kuchiritsa matenda a shuga tsiku lililonse.

Mpaka pano, pali kulumikizidwa kwasayansi komwe matenda ashuga ndi kukhumudwa ali nazo. Panthawi ya kukhumudwa, kuthekera kwa kuchepa kwa chakudya m'thupi kumachulukitsa, ndipo mosemphanitsa - matenda ashuga mwa odwala ambiri amatsitsa kuchepa kwa mthupi.

Kuphatikiza kumeneku kunanenedwa koyamba mu 1684, pomwe wofufuza Willis adafotokoza ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa matenda a carbohydrate metabolism ndi zovuta zamanjenje. Zinali mchaka cha 1988 pomwe mawu oyerekeza anaikidwa patsogolo kuti mkhalidwe wopsinjika ungathandizire kuchepa kwa chidwi cha maselo kupita ku insulin.

Ziwerengero zokhumudwitsa zikusonyeza kuti mwa odwala omwe apezeka ndi matenda a shuga, 26% ya omwe akuvutika ndi kupsinjika amapezeka. Kuphatikiza apo, boma lokhumudwitsa limakwiyitsa matenda osiyanasiyana amtima.

Chifukwa chake, m'nthawi yathu ino ndikofunikira kwambiri kuthana ndi vutoli, sizothandiza pachabe kuti anthu amati matenda onse amawoneka chifukwa cha mitsempha.

Zizindikiro za Kukhumudwa

Mkhalidwe wachisoni wa wodwala umabuka pazifukwa zambiri - zam'malingaliro, zamtundu kapena zachilengedwe. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ikuwonetsa kuti mwa odwala omwe ali ndi nkhawa, chithunzi cha ubongo chimawoneka chosiyana kwambiri ndi mwa anthu athanzi.

Omwe amatha kutenga matenda amisala ndi odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga. Ngati simukuchitapo kanthu, izi zitha kubweretsa mavuto. Koma kupsinjika ndi matenda a shuga amathandizidwa, kuthetsa kamodzi kokha, chachiwiri chimadzithandizanso ku chithandizo chopambana. Izi ndi zina mwazizindikiro zomwe zimachitika pa nthawi ya kukhumudwa:

• Kuchepetsa chidwi cha ntchito kapena zosangalatsa
• chisoni, kusakwiya, kuda nkhawa,
• maloto oyipa
• kudzipatula, kusafuna kucheza ndi anthu,
• kutaya kapena kusowa kwa chakudya,
• kuchepa chidwi
• kutopa kwamuyaya
• wodekha thupi ndi m'maganizo,
• malingaliro oyipa ngati imfa, kudzipha, ndi zina zambiri.

Ngati wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga adazindikira chimodzi mwazomwe zalembedwa, ayenera kufunsa dokotala mwachangu kuti adziwe matenda ena. Palibe maphunziro apadera kuti adziwe kukhumudwa, kuzindikira kumachitika ngati wodwalayo anena za zizindikiro zokayikitsa ndi moyo wake. Komabe, kutopa kwamuyaya kungawonedwe osati chifukwa chazovuta.

Popeza gwero lamphamvu - glucose simalowa muyeso yofunikira m'maselo a thupi, "amamva njala", motero wodwalayo amamva kutopa kosalekeza.

Kugwirizana pakati pa matenda ashuga ndi kukhumudwa

Nthawi zambiri, kupsinjika mu shuga kumachitika chimodzimodzi ndi anthu athanzi labwino. Munthawi yathu ino, zotsatira zenizeni za "matenda okoma" powonetsa kuwonongeka kwa malingaliro sizinafufuzidwe. Koma anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti:

• Kuvuta kwa chithandizo cha matenda a shuga kungayambitse kuvutika maganizo. Kusunga shuga wambiri m'magazi, ndikofunikira kuchita zambiri: kuyang'anira shuga, kutsatira zakudya zoyenera, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuwona insulin kapena kumwa mankhwala. Mfundo zonsezi zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuchokera kwa wodwala, chifukwa chake zimayambitsa kukhumudwa.
• Matenda a shuga amaphatikizira kuwoneka kwa ma pathologies ndi zovuta zomwe zingapangitse kuti pakhale nkhawa.
• Nawonso, kuvutika maganizo nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa kuti ena asadziderere. Zotsatira zake, wodwalayo akuwononga thanzi lake: samatsata zakudya, sanyalanyaza zolimbitsa thupi, amasuta kapena kumwa mowa.
• Mkhalidwe wopsinjika umakhumudwitsa chidwi cha chidwi ndi malingaliro omveka. Chifukwa chake, imatha kukhala chinthu chosagwirizana ndi chithandizo cha matenda ashuga.

Pofuna kuthana ndi vuto la matenda ashuga, dokotala amakonzanso njira zina zochizira matendawa.

Kulimbana ndi matenda ashuga. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kudzikoka nokha ndikutsatira malamulo onse kuti mukhale ndi glucose pamlingo wabwinobwino.

Kukambirana ndi katswiri wama psychologist komanso maphunziro a psychotherapy. Ngati ndi kotheka, muyenera kukambirana ndi katswiri za mavuto anu ndikutsatira malingaliro ake onse.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amalembedwa ndi dokotala yemwe amapezekapo, simungathe kudzipangira mankhwala okha, chifukwa chithandizo chilichonse chimakhala ndi zotsatirapo zake.

Chithandizo Chachidziwitso Chazidziwitso

Dokotala wama psychology amatha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana kuthana ndi kukhumudwa, koma chidziwitso pozindikira chimadziwika. Popeza panthawi yovutikira wodwala amangozindikira zoipa zilizonse, amapanga njira zina:

1. "Zonse kapena kanthu." Maganizo amtunduwu amakhala ndi malingaliro enieni, monga kupambana kapena kutaya. Komanso, wodwala nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mawu ngati "sanatero" komanso "nthawi zonse", "palibe" komanso "kwathunthu". Mwachitsanzo, ngati wodwala adya kukoma kwamtundu wina, angaganize kuti wawononga chilichonse, kuchuluka kwake kwa shuga kungakwere, komanso sangathe kuyendetsa matenda a shuga.
2. Kudzimva kuti ndiwe wolakwa kapena kuchita mopambanitsa kumangofuna iwe wekha. Wodwala amakhazikitsa miyezo yapamwamba kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, kuti kuchuluka kwake kwa glucose sikudzaposa 7.8 mmol / L. Akalandira zotsatira zoposa zomwe amayembekeza, adzadziimba mlandu.
3. Kuyembekezera china choyipa. Wodwala yemwe akudwala matenda ovutika maganizo sangathe kuyang'ana moyo wabwino, chifukwa chake amayembekeza zopweteka kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, wodwala yemwe apita kukaonana ndi dokotala angaganize kuti zomwe zili m'matumbo a glycated hemoglobin zawonjezeka ndipo posachedwa mawonekedwe ake akuwonongeka.

Katswiri amayesera kutsegula maso a wodwalayo ku mavuto ake, ndikuwazindikira m'njira yothandiza kwambiri. Mutha kuyesanso kuti muthane ndi malingaliro olakwika nokha.

Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kuzindikira "zomwe mwapambana" zazing'ono, mudzitamandeni chifukwa cha iwo ndikukhala ndi malingaliro abwino.

Mankhwala othana ndi matenda a shuga

Kuti athane ndi vuto la kukhumudwa, katswiri wodziwitsa antidepressants atatu. Ndi mankhwala omwe amakhudza kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa ubongo wa serotonin ndi norepinephrine, zomwe zimathandizira kulumikizana kwabwino kwa maselo a mitsempha ndi mzake.

Ngati mankhwalawa sakuyenda bwino, kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro kumachitika, antidepressants amathandizira kubwezeretsa bwino.

Mankhwala odziwika amtunduwu ndi awa:

Ma antidepressants ndi amtundu wina. Dzinalo lawo lathunthu ndi kusankha ma serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Mankhwalawa ali ndi zovuta zochepa kuposa mankhwala a gulu loyambalo. Izi zikuphatikiza:

Mtundu wina wa antidepressant ndikusankha serotonin ndi norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Kuchokera kwa dzinali kumadziwika kuti mankhwalawa amalepheretsa kuyamwa kwa zinthu zomwe zimasungunuka m'madzi. Odwala amatenga makamaka opidepressants:

Muyenera kudziwa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa popanda matenda kumatha kuyambitsa zovuta zina.Ma Tricyclic antidepressants angayambitse kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe a shuga, chizungulire komanso kupweteka kwam'mutu, matenda am'mimba, kugona tulo, kusakwiya, kusokonekera kwa erectile, kunjenjemera, ndi kuchuluka kwa mtima.

Odwala omwe atenga ma SSRIs amatha kudandaula za zovuta, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kupweteka mutu, chizungulire, kukwiya, kusokonezeka m'moyo wogonana.

Gulu la mankhwala a SSRIs angayambitse kuwoneka kwa zizindikiro monga mseru, kudzimbidwa, kutopa, chizungulire, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuchuluka thukuta, kusokonekera kwa erectile.

Pofuna kupewa zoyipa, adokotala amatipatsa mankhwala ochepa poyambira chithandizo ndikuwonjezera kwa nthawi. Musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa, muyenera kuwerengera mosamala malangizo, chifukwa kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika wodwalayo kungayambitsenso zovuta zina.

Malangizo pothana ndi kukhumudwa

Kuphatikiza pa kutenga ma antidepressants ndikupatsidwa chithandizo ndi psychotherapist, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo osavuta omwe angathandizenso wodwala mwakuthupi komanso m'maganizo:

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi. Kugona kopanda tanthauzo kumachepetsa chitetezo chamthupi, kumapangitsa munthu kukhala wosakwiya komanso wosazindikira. Chifukwa chake, odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kugona osachepera maola 8 patsiku.

Kuphatikiza apo, popanda kusewera masewera, wodwala amatha kuvutika kugona. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kugona mokwanira komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi mankhwala abwino kwambiri padziko lapansi.

1. Musadzipatule ndi dziko lakunja. Ngakhale pakakhala kuti mulibe mtima wofuna kucheza ndi anthu kapena kuchita zinazake, muyenera kuthana nawo. Mwachitsanzo, kuti muchite zomwe mumafuna kuphunzira nthawi zonse (jambulani, kuvina, ndi zina), konzekerani tsiku lanu popezeka pamwambo wina wosangalatsa, kapena pitani kukaona mnzanu kapena wachibale.
2. Kumbukirani kuti shuga si sentensi. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuyesa zenizeni zaumoyo wanu ndikumvetsetsa kuti ndizosatheka kuthana ndi matendawa. Koma nthawi yomweyo, anthu ambiri amakhala ndi vutoli, komanso anthu athanzi.
3. Pangani dongosolo lenileni la mankhwalawa. Mwachitsanzo, wodwala amafuna kuti achepetse thupi. Kwa izi, kulakalaka kumodzi sikokwanira, kuchitapo kanthu ndikofunikira. Ndikofunikira kulingalira kuti akufuna kusewera kangati pa sabata, azichita masewera olimbitsa thupi, etc.
4. Simuyenera kusunga chilichonse mwa inu nokha. Mutha kugawana mavuto anu ndi mabanja kapena okondedwa. Adzamvetsetsa wodwalayo monga wina aliyense. Amathanso kudziwitsidwa kumalamulo a insulin mankhwala kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mita ya shuga. Chifukwa chake, wodwalayo amadzimva kuti sakhala yekha ndipo nthawi zonse angafune thandizo lomwe adzapatsidwe.

Chifukwa chake, wodwala wodwala matenda ashuga a 2 ayenera kuwunika bwino thanzi lake, makamaka mkhalidwe wake wamalingaliro. Ngati zizindikiro zamizere zapezeka zomwe zingasonyeze kukula kwa kukhumudwa, muyenera kufunsa dokotala.

Momwe matendawa amathandizira pakuthana ndi matenda awiriwa. Mothandizidwa ndi wodwala panthawi yake, dokotala yemwe akupezekapo ndi akatswiri othandizira, mutha kupeza zotsatira zabwino. Inde, kuthandizidwa ndi okondedwa, chidziwitso cha banja komanso mkati mwathu zimathandizanso kutuluka mwachangu kuchokera ku dziko lokhumudwitsidwa.

Ubale pakati pa kukhumudwa ndi matenda a shuga wafotokozedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.