Momwe mungazindikire matenda a shuga kwa ana ndi achinyamata - zomwe zimayambitsa ndi zizindikiro

Matenda a shuga amakhalapo nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "wakupha mwakachetechete", masiku ano kwa endocrinologists ndi odwala awo funso lalikulu ndi loti angadziwe bwanji matenda operewera m'mayambiriro oyambira kapena matenda ashuga?

Chofunika kwambiri ndi matenda awa kwa ana ndi achinyamata omwe ali ndi mitundu yodalira insulin yolumikizana ndi kuwonongeka pang'onopang'ono kwa zigawo za endocrine.

Matenda a shuga amazindikira momwe angazindikire matendawa komanso zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa - maziko othandizira bwino komanso osakwanitsa kukula kwa zovuta za matendawa.

Kudziwitsa za thanzi la mwana ndi kuunikidwa kwathunthu poti pali zinthu zomwe zingayambitse matenda ashuga ndiko chinsinsi chodziwitsira matendawa

Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zingayambitse matendawa

Matenda a shuga ndi gulu lalikulu la matenda a kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya m'thupi, omwe amadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi kubisala kwa insulin katulutsidwe, momwe zimakhudzira minofu, kapena kuphatikiza zinthu ziwiri izi.

Izi ndi zinthu zomwe nthawi zambiri zimaganiziridwa kuti ndi zolimbikitsa komanso zopweteka pakachitika izi matendawa:

• cholowa
• matenda kapamba
• kupsinjika
• onenepa kwambiri
• kusakwanitsa kwa mahomoni.

Matenda A shuga: momwe mungazindikire ziwonetsero zoyambirira za matendawa ndizovuta kwambiri kwa akuluakulu, achinyamata, komanso makolo a achinyamata omwe ali pachiwopsezo chotenga matendawa. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kudziwa zizindikiro za matenda opatsirana am'magulu osiyanasiyana komanso kuzindikira nthawi yake matendawa ndikuyambitsa matenda.

Matenda a shuga angadziwe momwe angadziwire matendawa ndi kufunsa katswiri munthawi yake:

• Muyenera kusamala ndi zilizonse zomwe zingachitike, makamaka chifukwa chakutali kwa matenda obadwa nawo, mutadwala kwambiri matenda opatsirana kapena matenda ena, pambuyo pa zaka 35 mpaka 40,
• Nthawi ndi nthawi kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi mkodzo,
• tsatirani zakudya ndikuyesera kuchepetsa kunenepa kwambiri, makamaka kunenepa kwambiri, motsutsana ndi zovuta za matenda omwe mumakumana ndi vuto la fatormonal, nkhawa ndi matenda apamba.
• pewani kudya kwa nthawi yayitali osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa - mankhwala oletsa kuponderezana, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, thiazide diuretics, mankhwala osokoneza bongo a alpha-interferon ndi mankhwala okhala ndi mahomoni, kuphatikizapo njira zakulera zapakamlomo, zomwe nthawi zina zimatha kuwononga ziphuphu.
• chisamaliro chapadera kuumoyo wawo uyenera kulipidwa kwa azimayi omwe adakumana ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, omwe abereka mwana wolemera oposa 4 kg, wokhala ndi polycystic ovary syndrome.

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga a mwana

Momwe mwana angazindikirire matenda ashuga ndiye gawo lofunikira komanso zovuta kwambiri la ana endocrinology. Izi ndichifukwa choti matendawa amapitilira chiwonetsero chochepa kwambiri ndipo adatsimikizika kale pamlingo pomwe 80% yazisumbu zapa pancreatic zimakhudzidwa ndi njira ya autoimmune ndikuwona kuchepa kwa chizindikiro cha insulin. Ana amalowa mu dipatimenti yapadera yokhala ndi vuto lalikulu la metabolic. Matenda amtunduwu amatha kuthandizidwa ndi insulin, nthawi zonse ndikusiya kupitilira kwa zochita za autoimmune ndizosatheka masiku ano, chifukwa chake, kufa kwaminyewa yotulutsa insulin kumachitika.

Zizindikiro khumi zoyambirira za mwana wodwala matenda otengera insulin:

• kuperewera kwakukwanira ndi kudya kwabwino - khanda limafunsa chakudya nthawi zambiri, lomwe limakhudza makolo, koma sikuti nthawi zonse chizizindikiro chabwino,
• Mwanayo amamwa kwambiri, kuphatikiza usiku ndikugonetsa mkodzo wopitilira malita awiri patsiku,
• kutopa kwambiri ndi kuwodzera zikuwonekera
• matenda obisika a khungu (furunculosis), zotupa za pakhungu ndi mucous nembanemba, zotupa zosapumira,
• Mwana amakhala wopanda chiyembekezo popanda chifukwa chodziwika bwino
• mkodzo umakhala wowuma, umasiyira zilembo “zosokerera” pamabwinja, otsetsereka kapena panties,
• Nthawi ndi nthawi pamasinthika kafungo kamlomo (ma acetone kapena maapulo akhathamira), fungo la mkodzo ndi thukuta,
• ana amadandaula chifukwa cha kupweteka kwa mutu, kumva komanso / kapena kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe,
• Khungu limakhala louma, kukhuthala kwake kumachepa, makanda amatulutsidwa ndi mawonekedwe akuluakulu,
• pakamphindi kena, nkhawa za mwana zikuwoneka zowopsa komanso kufooka, pamakhala chidwi cha dziko lapansi, masewera.

Ngati chimodzi kapena zingapo mwazizindikirozi zikuwonekera, muyenera kufunsa katswiri

Zina za matenda a shuga kwa achinyamata

Mu unyamata pa endocrine dongosolo lomwe likubwera zinthu zingapo zimagwira, zomwe zimatha kusintha matendawa kapena kuwonekera kwa matendawa. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa zonse ziwiri paziwonetsero zosiyanasiyana za achinyamata, komanso momwe amathandizira komanso kupewa.

Matenda a shuga muubwana amatha kuchitika m'magulu awiri - insulin-amadalira (IDDM) ndi kuwonekera mochedwa motsogozedwa ndi zovuta zowonongeka za matenda ashuga komanso zochitika za autoimmune komanso kuwonetsa kwa mawonekedwe awonetsedwe. Koma nthawi yomweyo, mwa ana atatha zaka 10, kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga amtundu wa II omwe amalumikizidwa ndi kuperewera kwa insulin komanso minyewa ya insulin kukana kumawonjezeka chaka chilichonse.

Njira yamatendawa imaphatikizidwa ndi kunenepa kwambiri kapena kunenepa kwambiri ndipo imalumikizidwa ndi kuperewera kwa mafuta ndi chakudya chamagulu, kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa mwana.

Mawonekedwe amtundu wa matenda ashuga kulibe, chifukwa chake, achinyamata onse omwe ali ndi vuto la kudya (onenepa kwambiri kapena onenepa kwambiri) komanso kusintha kwa mndandanda wamankhwala opitilira 24,5 kg / m 2 (kuchokera pa 25 mpaka 29.9) ndikukula kwake kopita patsogolo kuli pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda a shuga ndi woonedwa ndi dokotala wa endocrinologist. Pankhaniyi, zizindikiro zowonjezera shuga zimatsimikizika motsimikizika, ndipo ngati mulingo wake ukupatuka pazomwe zikuchitika, mayeso ena ndi mayeso a labotale amapatsidwa.

Matenda amtunduwu amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali komanso amatanthauzira kale, ndipo chithandizo choyenera ndicho maziko ochiritsira kwathunthu

Kuphatikiza pa kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi, odwala amadziwika kuti:

• ochepa matenda oopsa
• hyperlipoproteinemia,
• nephropathy ndi hyperuricemia,
• steatosis chiwindi.

Kulumikizana panthawiyi ndi endocrinologist, kuyang'anira nthawi zonse, kuwongolera thupi, kudya, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mokwanira komanso kuwunika magawo a magazi kuyankha funso - momwe mungadziwire matenda osokoneza bongo a achinyamata.

Tanthauzo ndi mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe a matendawa mwa akulu

Pochita ngati katswiri, pali matenda onse a shuga I, omwe ali ndi vuto loyambirira kapena amene anazindikira kale zaubwana kapena unyamata, ndi mtundu II, womwe umayamba chifukwa cha kukana kwa insulin. Muyenera kudziwa kuti matenda amtundu uliwonse, zovuta zomwe zimachedwa zimadziwika, zomwe zimabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri m'matenda - kulephera kwa impso, kusinthika kwamasamba, ma stroko, kugunda kwa mtima, komanso matenda ammimba.

Chifukwa chake, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungazindikire matenda ashuga: Zizindikiro, mawonekedwe oyamba komanso kusintha kwa zidziwitso mu maphunziro a labotale.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira komanso zopezeka mu labotale pa kuwonekera kwa matenda ashuga

Ndikofunikira kuti musaphonye kuyambika kwa matendawa mpaka chizindikiritso chachikulu (ludzu, polyuria ndi asthenia yayikulu), zomwe zimayendera limodzi ndi shuga wambiri m'magazi ndi mkodzo. Mphindiyi ndizofunikira kwambiri mokhudzana ndi mtundu wa moyo mtsogolo, kayendedwe ka matenda komanso kupewa zovuta zazikulu.

Ndi matenda awa, cholumikizira chofunikira popewa matendawa ndimalingaliro a wodwalayo - thanzi labwino komanso kudziletsa kwamatendawa. Pankhaniyi, chitsanzo chogwira mtima ndiwabwino kwambiri m'zaka za zana la 20, malinga ndi FIFA Edson Arantisd Nasiment, odziwika bwino ngati Pele, akudwala matenda a shuga kuyambira zaka 17, zomwe sizinamulepheretse kukhala katswiri wazachipembedzo powonera bwino komanso kuchira.

Ndikofunikira kukumbukira shugaMtundu Wachiwiri ndi asymptomatic kwa nthawi yayitali, koma chisamaliro chapadera chimayenera kulipidwa kuti chiwonjezeke cha kunenepa kwambiri, matenda a kapamba ndi njira zakale zopatsirana.

Zofooka zopanda pake ndi kuchepa kwa ntchito, makamaka mukatha kudya, zimawerengedwa ngati chizindikiro choyamba cha matendawa.

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga:

• khungu louma komanso zimagwira pakhungu, kuphatikiza pakamwa youma komanso kukoma kosasangalatsa kwazitsulo,
• kukodza kwambiri, makamaka usiku,
• kunenepa kwambiri kapena kuchepa thupi,
• kusintha kwamunthu wamaso,
• kuyabwa kwa pakhungu ndi mucous nembanemba, pafupipafupi
• ludzu.

Ngati kuphatikiza kwa zizindikiro izi kukuwonekera, muyenera kufunsa dokotala kapena dokotala wa mabanja kuti athetse matenda ashuga.

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga mwa atsikana ndi anyamata

Kuphatikiza pa zizindikiro zomwe zimadziwika pakati pa amuna ndi akazi, palinso mawonekedwe owonetsera matendawa mwa amayi ndi abambo.

Momwe mungazindikire matenda ashuga mwa atsikana - Funsoli limada nkhawa za ma endocrinologists ndi odwala, chifukwa chake muyenera kudziwa zomwe zimapezeka mu matenda.

Ndi mankhwala osapindulitsa a thrush ndi mawonekedwe ake ofuna kubwereranso - muyenera kuyang'ana shuga

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa zimaphatikizaponso:

• mbiri yakale - matenda ashuga am'mbuyomu panthawi yapakati, ma ocycycystic komanso kubadwa kwa mwana wolemera kwambiri (makilogalamu oposa 4.1),
• kusokonezeka kwazakudya zam'mimba (kusokonezeka kwa msambo, kusowa kwa chithokomiro, kusabereka),
• kukula patsogolo
• candidiasis yotalikilapo, yomwe imawonetsedwa ndi kuyamwa kwachisoni komanso kuyamwa kosaletseka.

Matenda a shuga amtundu uliwonse ndi matenda ovuta kwambiri omwe sangathe kungoyenda popanda kutsatira zakudya zina, zolimbitsa thupi, ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa shuga ndi / kapena insulin.

Kuphatikiza pa zovuta zowopsa zomwe zimadziwika pokhapokha pakulandila chithandizo kapena kulandira chindapusa chovutikira, amayi ali ndi mavuto owonjezera pakubala, momwe kumakhala kovuta kubereka mwana wathanzi ngakhale kukhala ndi pakati.

Mwa amuna, chimodzi mwazomwe zikuwonetsa matendawa kumatha kukhala kuchepa kwa ntchito yogonana, yomwe imachitika chifukwa cha kuwopsa kwa glucose ochulukirapo kumapeto kwa mitsempha, omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale kulumikizana kwathunthu, chifukwa chomwe kugonana kwachikhalidwe kumakhala kosatheka.

Kugonana mwakugonana ndi asymptomatic shuga kumatengedwa ngati chimodzi mwazizindikiro za matendawa

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa omwe, popanda chisamaliro chokwanira pazakudya ndi mankhwala, amachititsa zovuta zambiri komanso kulumala, nthawi zambiri ali aang'ono. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa thanzi lanu komanso osanyalanyaza matenda aliwonse kapena kuphatikizana kwa zizindikiro zingapo zamatenda. Ndikofunikira kuzindikira matenda a pathology munthawi yake ndikuwunika magawo a ma labotale omwe ali ndi glucometer.

Dokotala wa ana Sazonova Olga Ivanovna