Kuyesa kwa shuga wamagazi: kwabwinobwino komanso zolembedwa

Kuyesedwa kwa shuga m'magazi ndi gawo limodzi la mankhwalawa komanso kuwunika kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Komabe, kafukufuku wokhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga amalembedwa osati kokha kwa iwo omwe apatsidwa kale matenda owopsa, komanso ndi cholinga chofufuzira momwe thupi limakhalira nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Ndi mayeso ati omwe amachitidwa, zomwe zikuwonetsa zikhalidwe ndi matenda zimakambidwanso munkhaniyi.

Kwa ndani ndipo chifukwa chiyani kusanthula kumalembedwa

Glucose ndiye maziko a kagayidwe kazachilengedwe. Mphamvu yamkati yamanjenje, zinthu zomwe zimagwira m'thupi ndi chiwindi ndizomwe zimayang'anira kuwongolera shuga. Matenda a m'matenda amthupi komanso matenda angapo amatha kutsatana ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga (hyperglycemia) kapena kukhumudwa kwake (hypoglycemia).

Zizindikiro za kuyesa kwa shuga m'magazi ndi izi:

shuga mellitus (wodalira insulin, osadalira insulini),
zochita za odwala matenda ashuga,
nthawi yapakati
njira zodzitetezera zamagulu omwe ali pachiwopsezo,
kuzindikira ndi kusiyanitsa kwa hypo- ndi hyperglycemia,
zinthu zadzidzidzi
sepsis
matenda a chiwindi (hepatitis, cirrhosis),
matenda a endocrine dongosolo (matenda a Cushing, kunenepa kwambiri, hypothyroidism),
matenda a pituitary.

Mitundu ya kusanthula

Magazi ndiye chilengedwe chachilengedwe cha thupi, mwa kusintha kwazomwe zimayambitsa kudziwa kukhalapo kwa ma pathologies, njira zotupa, chifuwa ndi zina. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kumaperekanso mwayi wofotokozera mulingo wamatenda ochokera ku carbohydrate metabolism komanso kusiyanitsa mkhalidwe wa thupi.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi - njira yofunika kwambiri yodziwitsira momwe thupi liliri

Kusanthula kambiri

Kafukufuku wama paramu a magazi samazindikira kuchuluka kwa shuga, koma ndi gawo limodzi la njira zina zonse zowunikira. Ndi chithandizo chake, hemoglobin, zinthu zofanana, zotsatira za magazi zimatchulidwa, zomwe ndizofunikira ku matenda aliwonse ndipo zimatha kukhala ndi zowonjezera zazachipatala.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi

Kafukufukuyu amakupatsani mwayi kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a capillary capillary. Zizindikiro za amuna ndi akazi ndizofanana ndipo zimasiyana ndi 10-12% kuchokera kuzowonetsa magazi a venous. Mlingo wa shuga mwa akulu ndi ana ndiosiyana.

Maola 8 musanapange kafukufuku, muyenera kumwa madzi okha, osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa tsiku limodzi (ngati kuli kotheka, funsani dokotala), pewani zakumwa zoledzeretsa.

Magazi amatengedwa kuchokera pachala pamimba yopanda kanthu m'mawa. Potanthauzira zotsatira, mulingo wa shuga umasonyezedwa m'magawo a mmol / l, mg / dl, mg /% kapena mg / 100 ml. Zizindikiro zodziwika zimasonyezedwa patebulopo (mmol / l).

Kusanthula kwa zamankhwala ndi njira yodziwikitsira anthu onse. Zida zofufuzira zimatengedwa kuchokera mu mtsempha womwe uli mu ulnar fossa. Kusanthula kumayenera kutengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Msuzi wa shuga ndiwokwera kuposa momwe umakhazikika m'magazi a capillary (mmol / l):

wazaka 5 ndi kupitilira ndi 3.7-6,
mkhalidwe wa prediabetes kuyambira wazaka 5 ndi kupitilira - 6.1-6.9,
"Matenda okoma" a zaka 5 ndi okulirapo - opitilira 7,
muyezo kwa ana osakwana zaka 5 ndi mpaka 5.6.

Magazi ochokera mu mtsempha - zofunikira pakuwunika

Zofunika! Chofunikira ndi kukana kutsuka mano anu ndikutafuna chingamu patsiku loyesedwa, popeza chilichonse mwazinthuzo zimakhala ndi shuga.

Mofananamo, kusanthula kwachilengedwe kumatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, popeza kagayidwe kazachilengedwe kamakhudzana mwachindunji ndi lipid.

Tanthauzo la kulolerana

Kuyesedwa ndi njira yayitali yomwe imatenga maola angapo. Amawalembera odwala kuti afotokozere za kukhalapo kwa prediabetes komanso amayi apakati kuti adziwe mtundu wamatendawa omwe matendawa adayamba.

Kukonzekera kumakhalapo kuti kwa masiku atatu kusanachitike kusanthula, munthu sayenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri chomwe amalandila m'thupi, kukhala ndi moyo wabwino, osachepetsa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi. M'mawa pa tsiku lomwe zinthuzo zimaperekedwa kuti zikayesedwe, muyenera kukana chakudya, madzi okha ndi omwe amaloledwa.

Zinthu ziyenera kukumbukiridwa:

kukhalapo kwa matenda othandizira kupuma,
kuchuluka kwa zolimbitsa thupi zamasiku am'mbuyomu,
kumwa mankhwala omwe amakhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Kuyeserera kwa glucose kumachitika m'njira zotsatirazi:

Mpanda wamitsempha yamagazi kapena magazi kuchokera pachala.
Glucose ufa, wogulidwa mu mankhwala, amamuyika mu 75 g mu kapu yamadzi ndipo amamwa.
Pambuyo pa maola awiri, kuyesedwa kwa magazi kumachitidwanso chimodzimodzi monga nthawi yoyamba.
Monga adokotala adalembera, amatha kuyeserera theka lililonse la ola pambuyo pa "katundu" wa shuga (maphunziro apakatikati).

Kulandila shuga wa m'magazi ophatikizidwa m'madzi - gawo la kuyeserera kwa shuga

Kuchuluka kwa ufa wofunikira pakuwunika "ndi katundu" kumawerengeredwa ndi chiwerengero cha 1.75 g pa kilogalamu imodzi, koma 75 g ndiye mlingo wambiri.

Glycated hemoglobin

Ichi ndi hemoglobin, mamolekyu ake omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi glucose. Mayunitsi ndi amaperesenti. Mukakhala ndi shuga, pamakhala kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin wambiri. Njira imakuthandizani kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'masiku 90 apitawa.

Ubwino wa njirayi ndi awa:

odzipereka nthawi iliyonse, osati pamimba yopanda kanthu,
ili ndi kulondola kwambiri
zosavuta komanso zachangu kuposa TTG,
limakupatsani mwayi wodziwa zolakwika pakudya kwa munthu wodwala matenda ashuga masiku 90 apitawa,
osatengera nyengo zopsinjika kapena kukhalapo kwa matenda opuma.

mtengo wa kusanthula ndi wokwera poyerekeza ndi njira zina,
odwala ena amachepetsa kuphatikiza kwa hemoglobin wokhala ndi shuga,
kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi ndi hemoglobinopathies - momwe zinthu zimasokonekera,
hypothyroidism imatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated, koma glucose wabwinobwino.

Zotsatira ndi kuwunika kwawo zalembedwa pagome. Chofunikira ndikuti zisonyezo ndizofanana kwa azimayi, abambo ndi ana.

Kutsimikiza kwa fructosamine mulingo

Njira yake siyotchuka, koma ikuwonetsa. Amachitika kuti adziwe mphamvu ya mankhwalawa amasankhidwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga. Fructosamine ndi zovuta za albumin (nthawi zambiri, mumapuloteni ena) okhala ndi shuga.

Mwazi wofufuza amatengedwa kuchokera m'mitsempha. Kuphunzitsa sikutanthauza kutsatira malamulo olemera. Mukungofunika kusiya zakumwa zoledzeretsa tsiku lina, osasuta, osamwa khofi, tiyi, zakumwa zozizilitsa kukhosi theka la ola musanapereke magazi, kupatula kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Kutanthauzira kwa zotsatira (zizindikiro wamba):

ana ochepera zaka 5 - 144-248 micromol / l,
ana kuyambira azaka 5 mpaka 12 - 144-256 μmol / l,
kuyambira zaka 12 mpaka 18 - 150-264 μmol / l,
akuluakulu, nthawi yoyembekezera - 161-285 micromol / l.

Njira yowonetsera

Kuyesedwa kwa kudziwa shuga kumachitika mu ma labotale komanso kunyumba. Chofunika ndicho kupezeka kwa katswiri wapadera - glucometer. Dontho la magazi a capillary limayikidwa pa Mzere wapadera womwe umayikidwa mu kusanthula. Zotsatira zake zimadziwika m'mphindi zochepa.

Glucometer - chida chogwiritsira ntchito njira yofotokozera shuga

Zofunika! Njira yofotokozedwera imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera glucose mulingo wamphamvu kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga.

Miyezi yokwezeka ya shuga ikhoza kuwonetsa zotsatirazi:

matenda ashuga
chilonda chachikulu komanso chamba
matenda a adrenal gland (pheochromocytoma),
ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali ya mankhwala oletsa kubereka (mwa akazi), okodzetsa, mankhwala a antiidal (amuna),
matenda a chiwindi.

Glucose itha kutsitsidwa pazotsatirazi:

chithokomiro cha chithokomiro,
poyizoni wa mowa
kuledzera kwa arsenic, mankhwala,
kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira malire
kusala
malabsorption wa chakudya cham'mimba.

Munthawi ya bere, mkhalidwe wa hypoglycemia umatha kukhazikitsidwa chifukwa cha kumwa kwa gawo lina la shuga mwa mayi. Kapena, mosiyana, mwa akazi, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakwera (shuga ya gestational), ndipo mwana akangobadwa, mkhalidwe wama glucose umabweranso wamba.

Mulimonsemo, zotsatira zonse zimayesedwa ndi dokotala wopezekapo, pamaziko omwe amadziwika kuti ali ndi matenda kapena kuchuluka kwa thanzi la wodwalayo kumatsimikiziridwa.

Kuwonjezeka kwa glucose (shuga) m'magazi ndi chizindikiro chachikulu chomwe chimawonetsa kukhalapo kwa thupi la munthu la pathological process yomwe imakhudzana ndi kusintha kwa mahomoni ndi kusokonekera kwa metabolic. Pa gawo loyamba lachitukuko cha ma pathologies oterewa, zizindikiro zamatenda sizipezeka nthawi zonse. Chifukwa chake, pofuna kupewa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti nthawi zina mumayeze magazi. Ganizirani chifukwa chake muyenera kuyesa magazi a glucose, ndi zomwe zotsatira zake zingasonyeze.

Kuyesa kwa magazi am'magazi a shuga

Glucose ndi magazi ofunikira a monosaccharide. Imapereka mphamvu yofunikira pakugwira ntchito zofunika za maselo. Glucose imapangidwa chifukwa cha chimbudzi cha chakudya komanso kusintha kwa hepatic glycogen.

Mahomoni awiri, glucagon ndi insulin, amawongolera mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Glucagon amalimbikitsa kutembenuka kwa glycogen kukhala glucose, zomwe zimapangitsa kukulitsa zomwe zili m'magazi. Insulin imawonjezera kupezeka kwa ma membrane am'magazi a glucose, imasamutsa glucose kupita ku maselo, imalimbikitsa kupanga glycogen ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Glucose amawonongeka chifukwa cha zochita za glycolysis.

Pali zifukwa zina zoyambitsa matenda a shuga m'magazi:

Kulephera kwa ma pancreatic β-cell kuti apange insulin,

Kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa zolandirira insulin,

Kulephera kwa chiwindi kupanga glycogen,

Malabsorption wamkati,

Zosintha mu kuchuluka kwa mahomoni omwe amatenga gawo la glucose metabolism.

Zotsatira zake pamwambapa, matenda oyipa kwambiri amayamba kukula mthupi la munthu.

ochepa matenda oopsa
onenepa kwambiri
kukhalapo kwa achibale omwe akudwala matenda a shuga ndi matenda ena amtundu wa endocrine,
kuwoneka kwa chimodzi mwazizindikiro izi: mkamwa wowuma mosalekeza, ludzu lolimba, kuthina kwamkodzo, kutopa, kuchepa thupi mwadzidzidzi.

Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa shuga, magazi ochokera m'mitsempha (venous) kapena chala (capillary) amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Pozindikira za labotale, njira zitatu zoyesera magazi ndimagazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Njira yoyamba (basal) ndikuwonetsetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Njira yachiwiri ndi kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magamu awiri mutadya.

Njira yachitatu (mwachisawawa) ndikuwonetsetsa kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi omwe amatengedwa nthawi inayake, mosasamala kanthu za kudya.

Kwa wodwala aliyense, dokotala amasankha njira yoyesera magazi.

Mulingo wa shuga poyesa magazi wotengedwa kuchokera m'mitsempha ndi 4.1-6.0 mmol / L. Mwa ana, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi sikuyenera kupitirira 5.6 mmol / L. Kwa anthu azaka zopitilira 60, gawo lovomerezeka la chizindikiro ndi 6.5 mmol / L.

Kukula kwa shuga m'kusanthula kwa magazi a capillary kumachepera pang'ono poyerekeza ndi venous, ndipo ndi 3.2-5,5 mmol / L.

Kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatchedwa hyperglycemia. Pali zakuthupi hyperglycemia ndi matenda a hyperglycemia.

Kukula kwakuthupi kwamunthu m'magazi kumachitika pambuyo pakulimbitsa thupi, kupsinjika, kusuta. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kupewa kusuta, kusakhazikika musanapereke magazi kuti muwoneke. Nthawi zambiri, ngati hyperglycemia yapezeka koyamba m'magazi, kuyezetsa kwachiwiri kumayikidwa kwa wodwalayo.

Malinga ndi zolembedwa poyesa magazi, shuga amatuluka m'matenda ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

matenda ashuga - matenda a endocrine dongosolo lomwe limayamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa insulin,
pheochromocytoma - njira ya endocrine dongosolo, momwe kumasulidwa kwa mahomoni adrenaline ndi norepinephrine kumawonjezeka m'magazi,
matenda a kapamba - kapamba wa pachimake komanso matenda, chotupa cha kapamba,
matenda a endocrine system, omwe amadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mahomoni omwe amathandizira kuti magazi amasulidwe m'magazi (matenda a Cushing kapena matenda, thyrotooticosis),
matenda a chiwindi - hepatitis, khansa ya chiwindi, matenda enaake,
kumwa mankhwala ena, monga mankhwala a antiidal anti-yotupa, okodzetsa, njira zakulera pakamwa.

Pansi pa chizolowezi, shuga mu kuyezetsa magazi (hypoglycemia) zimachitika ndi zoterezi ndi ma pathologies:

insulinoma - chotupa cha pancreatic chomwe chimatulutsa insulin,
kusala
malabsorption wama chakudya m'matumbo,
kumwa mankhwala ena, monga amphetamines, steroids,
insulin bongo odwala matenda a shuga.

Mwa amayi apakati omwe samadwala matenda a shuga, nthawi zina kuyezetsa magazi kosiyanasiyana kwa glucose kumatha kuwonetsa kuchepa kwa chizindikiro ichi. Izi ndichifukwa choti mwana wosabadwayo amadya shuga wina m'thupi la mayi.

Zimachitika kuti pa nthawi yoyembekezera, m'malo mwake, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a mkazi kumatuluka. Cholinga cha izi ndikuti kubereka kumayambitsa kuperewera kwa insulin. Vutoli limatchulidwanso kuti shuga ya m'mimba, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatha mwana akabereka. Koma amayi onse apakati omwe ali ndi vutoli ayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi endocrinologist ndi gynecologist. Matenda a shuga amatha kusokoneza nthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati komanso kuvulaza thupi la mwana.

Kusankha koyenera koyesa magazi kwa glucose kungachitike kokha ndi dokotala. Ngati ndi kotheka, wodwalayo amapatsidwa kuyezetsa kwachiwiri magazi kapena mayeso ena owonjezera.

Maselo abongo patsiku amafunika kulandira magalamu 120 a glucose, maselo amisempha minofu - 35, maselo ofiira am'magazi - 30. Chimachitika ndi chiani ngati thupi lilibe zinthu zokwanira? Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani ndikuyenera kuyang'anira shuga yanga yamagazi? Tiyeni tilingalire limodzi.

Kuika kwa kusanthula kwamwazi wamagazi

Glucose ndi chakudya chosavuta ndipo ndi gwero lalikulu lamphamvu yama cell a thupi. Timapeza zinthuzi ndi chakudya chamafuta ambiri. Ndikofunikira pa ntchito ya maselo aubongo, magazi, minofu ndi minyewa yamanjenje, popanda iwo, palibe zomwe zimachitika mthupi zomwe zingatheke. Ubongo umafunika glucose makamaka, chiwalochi chimapanga 2% yokha ya kulemera kwa thupi, koma nthawi yomweyo chimadya 20% ya zopatsa mphamvu zonse zomwe zalandiridwa. Kwa munthu amene ali ndi thupi lolemera 70 makilogalamu, ndikofunikira kulandira mafuta okwanira 185 g patsiku. Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa glucose komwe mukufuna, onjezerani kulemera kwanu ndi 2.6.

Glucose imatha kupangika mwaokha mozungulira maselo (mwachitsanzo, minofu ya adipose), koma ochepa. Njira yosungirako ya glucose - glycogen - imayikidwa m'chiwindi ndi minofu yamatumbo mutatha kudya chakudya chamafuta. Ndikamadwala chakudya cham'mimba, glycogen imasweka m'chiwindi ndikulowera m'magazi, ndipo m'misempha imasweka panthawi yolimbitsa thupi. Mu thupi loti "malo osungirako" mutha kukhala ndi 450 g ya glycogen, ndi 5 g ya glucose, ndiye supuni imodzi, imayenera kupezeka nthawi zonse m'magazi.

Maselo ena amatenga shuga mu mawonekedwe ake oyera (bongo, chiwindi, ma lens a m'maso), pomwe ena amadalira insulin (kachiwiri, chiwindi, komanso minofu ya m'magazi ndi maselo amwazi), ndiye kuti, kuti apezeke shuga, amafunika insulin - mahomoni apachirengedwe.

Makolo ena amalangiza ana awo kuti adye chokoleti mayeso asanachitike mayeso kuti awonjezere zochita za ubongo. Komabe, samazindikira kuti zakudya zopezeka ndi chokoleti zimangoyamba kulowa m'matumbo ndipo pokhapokha zimaphatikizidwa ndi metabolism ya carbohydrate, ndipo "adzafika" bongo pambuyo pa maola 1-2. Koma zopatsa mphamvu mu oatmeal ndi mtedza "ndizofulumira", ndizothandiza kwambiri pakulimbikitsa kwakanthawi kwa ntchito ya ubongo.

99.9 g - woyengetsa,
80 g - wokondedwa
70 g - masiku
65 g - pasitimu yoyamba,
65 g - zoumba,
60 g - mpunga, oatmeal,
60 g - ufa wa tirigu.

Muyenera kupita kwa dokotala ndikupezereni mayeso a shuga ngati muli ndi zotsatirazi:

ludzu losalekeza
kukodza kwambiri,
nembanemba youma (makamaka pakamwa ndi kumaliseche),
kutopa, kulimbikira kumva kutopa,
zilonda, ziphuphu, kuchiritsa mabala,
kuwonongeka kowoneka.

Momwe mungakonzekere ndikupereka magazi kuti asanthule shuga?

Mukuyenera kukumbukira malamulo oyambira kukonzekera phunziroli kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino:

Maola eyiti tisanapereke magazi, simungadye chakudya, ndipo madzi okha osakhala ndi kaboni amaloledwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakumwa.
Osamamwa mowa tsiku lisanafike ndondomeko.
Madzulo a kusanthula, ngati kuli kotheka, musamwe mankhwala.
Musanayesedwe, musafune chingamu ndipo ndikulangizidwa kuti musatsotse mano.

Nthawi zambiri, kuyesedwa kwa shuga kumaperekedwa m'mawa. Magazi onse a venous ndi capillary amatha kukhala zida zoyeserera. Magazi amachotsedwa chala kuti adziwe kulolera kwa glucose. Mayeso a glycated hemoglobin amatengedwa nthawi iliyonse - osati pamimba yopanda kanthu, palibe zinthu zakunja zomwe zimayambitsa zotsatira za kafukufukuyu. Kutalika kwa kuwerengera kumatengera mtundu wa kusanthula.

Kuunikira tsatanetsatane zitha kuchitika ndi katswiri, komabe, pali malire ovomerezeka a chizolowezi, omwe mungathe kulabadira kuti mukhale ndi lingaliro lazotsatira.

Tcherani khutu!
Anthu osakwana zaka 40 amalangizidwa kuti azichita mayeso a shuga kamodzi pazaka zitatu. Ndi kwa omwe akupitilira 40 - 1 nthawi pachaka.

Kodi kuyezetsa magazi kwa shuga kumawonetsa chiyani

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, kuyezetsa magazi kumachitika, mosasamala mtundu wa shuga. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kumakupatsani mwayi wofufuza momwe metabolism amawonongera ndikusankha njira zoyenera kuchitira wodwala matenda ashuga. Kusanthula kumawunikira zizindikiro monga glucose m'madzi a m'magazi, komanso kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated.

Glucose ndiye gwero lalikulu komanso lofunikira kwambiri lamphamvu kuzinthu zonse za thupi, makamaka ubongo. Nthawi zambiri, kusanthula kumatsimikizira glucose pamtunda kuchokera 3mmol / l mpaka 6 mmol / l, omwe ndi mphamvu zolimbitsa thupi za glycemia. Glucose imatha kuyezedwa onse m'magazi a capillary, pogwiritsa ntchito mini-glucometer, komanso m'magazi a venous pogwiritsa ntchito chosanthula cha stationary. Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a capillary magazi ndi venous amatha kusiyanasiyana pang'ono, pafupifupi, shuga ya 1 mmol / l imaloledwa.

Kodi shuga ndi chiyani?

Mwazi wamagazi ndiye chisonyezo chachikulu chomwe chikuwonetsa ntchito ya kagayidwe kazakudya m'thupi la munthu. Kuphatikizika kwathunthu kwa ziwalo ndi machitidwe kumayambitsa kagayidwe kazakudya m'thupi, kotero kuti mwa kuchuluka kwa glucose mu plasma ndi hemoglobin, munthu akhoza kuweruza magwiridwe antchito a ziwalo ndi machitidwe monga kapamba, chiwindi, ndi dongosolo la neurohumoral.

Chofunikira kwambiri ndikuwunikira shuga wa plasma mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osiyanasiyana a shuga. Mu matenda a shuga, pali kuphwanya kupanga kwa insulin - ndiye mahomoni omwe amachititsa kuti shuga azigwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azikundana, pomwe maselo amthupi amayamba kufa ndi njala ndikusowa mphamvu. Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin, kuwunika glycemia kosalekeza ndikofunikira, popeza kuchuluka kwa insulin kapena kuchepa kwake kumakhudza kwambiri kupitirira kwa shuga. Pokhapokha popanga shuga nthawi zonse shuga amatha kukhalabe wolimba kwambiri.

Malamulo Akuyang'anira

Kuti muwonjezere kulondola kwa zotsatira za kusanthula ndikupeza chidziwitso chofunikira kwambiri pakupanga magazi, musanapereke kusanthula, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo ena:

M'pofunika kusiya kumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa pafupifupi tsiku lisanachitike kusanthula. Mowa umakhudza kwambiri kapangidwe ka magazi.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mudye chakudya chanu chomaliza maola 10 musanakumane ndi mayeso a shuga, i.e. pamimba yopanda kanthu. Nthawi yomweyo, kumwa madzi opanda madzi popanda zowonjezera sikuletsedwa.
Patsiku la mayeso achangu mwachindunji, muyenera kudumpha kutsuka m'mawa, chifukwa mano ambiri ali ndi shuga omwe amatha kulowa m'mimba. Kutafuna mano kumafanana.

Magazi am'manja

Zimapereka mwayi wofufuza matenda a shuga m'magazi a zotumphukira za m'magazi a capillary, omwe siowona bwino koma chisonyezo chofunikira. Njira iyi ndiyosavuta kunyumba. Pazofufuza zam'nyumba zotere, pali mitundu yambiri yamagazi a glucose osunthika. Komabe, kuwongolera koteroko kunyumba, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira njira zamayendedwe a mita, chifukwa kuyika mizere yotseguka kumayambitsa kusayenera kwawo. Onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira mosamalitsa zofunikira zaukadaulo ndi malangizo omwe adabwera ndi mita!

M magazi a vein

Kuphatikiza magazi kwa venous kumachitika pang'onopang'ono kapena potayira, i.e. kuchipatala. Magazi ochokera m'msempha amatengedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa 3-5 ml. Magazi ambiri omwe atengedwa amafunika kudziwa momwe magazi amapangidwira mu chosakanizira chimodzi. Pulogalamu yojambula yokha imakuthandizani kuti mupeze zambiri zolondola pamlingo wa glycemia.

Mitundu yazotsatira

Kuti mumasulire bwino kusanthula, muyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga komanso kuchuluka kwake komwe amayeza. M'mitundu yambiri yokhala ndi zotsatirapo, magawo azomwe zimakhazikitsidwa pafupi ndi zomwe zapezedwa, kotero ndizosavuta kuyendera manambala ndi zotsatira.

Kodi glucose amtundu wanji? Ngati zonse zili zomveka bwino ndi glucometer - zimangowonetsera zokhudzana ndi glucose, ndiye kuti zinthu zimakhala zovuta kwambiri ndi owunika pokhapokha, popeza kuchuluka kwazinthu zambiri kumatsimikiziridwa pakuwunika kwa biochemical. Pamafamu a shuga amasonyezedwa, koma pa akatswiri akunja osanthula shuga amaikidwa ngati GLU, yemwe kuchokera ku Latin amatanthauza shuga. Mlingo wabwinobwino wa glycemia umachokera pa 3,33 mpaka 6.5 mmol / l - izi ndizofanana ndi zachikulire. Mwa ana, miyambo ndi yosiyana pang'ono. Amakhala otsika kuposa akuluakulu. Okuva ku 3,33 okutuuka ku 5.55 - mu baana abato omwaka wa pulayimale, ne mu baana abato - okuva ku 2,7 okutuuka ku 4.5 mmol / l.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti omwe amasanthula makampani osiyanasiyana amatanthauzira mosiyana, koma zikhalidwe zonse zimakhalabe mkati mwa 1 mmol / l.

Ngakhale nthawi zambiri shuga wamagazi amayeza mu mol / L poyesa magazi, mayunitsi ena monga mg / dl kapena mg% angagwiritsidwe ntchito mwa ena openda. Kutanthauzira izi kukhala mol / L, ingogawani zotsatila ndi 18.

Zotsatira pansipa

Momwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumagwera m'munsi mwa thupi, matendawa amatchedwa hypoglycemia. Zimathandizirana ndi mawonekedwe azikhalidwe. Munthu amakhala ndi vuto la kufooka, kugona komanso kumva njala. Zifukwa zochepetsera kuchuluka kwa glucose zingakhale:

kusowa kwa chakudya kapena kusowa kwa chakudya chamafuta,
Mlingo wolakwika wa insulin
Hypersecretion wa insulin
zolimbitsa thupi,
matenda a neurohumoral,
kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi.

Zotsatira Zapamwamba

Pa plasma glucose yokhazikika pazabwino zonse, zomwe zimachitika monga hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia ikhoza kukhala yogwirizana ndi zotere:

kuphwanya malamulo opereka magazi,
kupsinjika kwamisala kapena kwakuthupi pakuyesa,
zovuta za endocrine
kapamba (kutupa kwa kapamba),
poyizoni.

Ma Assona a Glucose Ofunika

Kwa ma endocrinologists, popanga njira zoyendetsera wodwalayo, palibe chidziwitso chokwanira pakukula kwa shuga m'magazi a zotumphukira, chifukwa izi, odwala matenda a shuga amayesedwa magazi ena apadera a shuga, momwe magawo a glycosylated kapena glycated hemoglobin, mayeso a kulolerana ndi glucose amatsimikizika.

Glycated hemoglobin ndiye kuchuluka kwa shuga monga kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni amwazi, hemoglobin. Zomwe zimaganiziridwa zimawerengedwa kuti 4,8 - 6% ya kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni onse. Glycated hemoglobin ndi chisonyezo cha kagayidwe kazachilengedwe m'thupi miyezi 3 yapitayo.

Chiyeso chololera chimachitika kwa odwala onse omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amawayikira, ndipo zimakhazikitsidwa pakuyesa kwa kupsinjika ndi shuga ndikutsimikiza kwamisempha nthawi inayake ya 60, 90 ndi 120 maminiti kuyambira pakugwiritsa ntchito 75 g ya shuga.

Kuunika kwa mitundu ingapo yamankhwala

Asayansi ku Institute for Health Quality and ufanisi, mogwirizana ndi gulu lofufuza ku chipatala cha Graz University, awunika mapindu a momwe magazi amayang'anira shuga wochepa wamagazi. Kufikira izi, gulu lofufuzira limayang'ana maphunziro omwe mtundu wa 2 wodwala amathandizidwira m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Gulu la asayansi lidasanthula maphunziro asanu ndi awiri momwe omwe anthu pafupifupi 100,000 adatenga nawo gawo. Avereji ya zaka zapakati pa 47 mpaka 66, kutengera phunziroli. Onse omwe anali ndi matenda ashuga a 2 kwa zaka zingapo. Ambiri aiwo anali onenepa kwambiri.

Palibe kusiyana pamagawo ofunikira azithandizo

Gulu lina lidalola zamtengo wapatali. Makamaka, idawunikidwa kuti ndi chithandizo chiti chomwe chimayambitsa zovuta zochepa za shuga ndi zovuta zochepa. Anafanizira kuchuluka kwa omwe adachita nawo kafukufukuyo pakumwalira. Zotsatira za phunziroli zidawonetsa kuti mankhwalawa sanali okwera kwenikweni kuposa ena: kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi sikunaphe anthu ambiri kuposa kuchepetsa mpaka pafupifupi ena onse. Stroke, mtima wakupha, kulephera kwa impso, kapena kudulidwa kunachitika.

wazaka 5 ndi kupitilira ndi 3.7-6,
mkhalidwe wa prediabetes kuyambira wazaka 5 ndi kupitilira - 6.1-6.9,
"Matenda okoma" a zaka 5 ndi okulirapo - opitilira 7,
muyezo kwa ana osakwana zaka 5 ndi mpaka 5.6.

Magazi ochokera mu mtsempha - zofunikira pakuwunika

Zofunika! Chofunikira ndi kukana kutsuka mano anu ndikutafuna chingamu patsiku loyesedwa, popeza chilichonse mwazinthuzo zimakhala ndi shuga.

Zosakwanira pazovuta zina za shuga ndi moyo wabwino. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa, komabe, kuti njira yocheperako ingachepetse chiopsezo cha kugunda kwa mtima kosapha. Amachitika kaŵirikaŵiri ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa shuga m'magazi, omwe anali ofanana kwambiri ndi kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi. Kafukufuku,, akuwonetsa kuti pafupifupi kuwongolera kwabwinobwino nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa zovuta kwambiri mu hypoglycemia ndi zovuta zina. Miyezi yambiri ya shuga m'magazi itatsitsidwa, zotsatira zoyipa zambiri zimachitika.

Gulu lofufuzira linawunika pamaziko amodzi mwa maphunziro akulu momwe zochitikazi ziliri. Pafupifupi anthu 100 omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a 2 amayenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi awo pafupi ndi zaka zitatu, zisanu kuti ateteze mtima wosagunda poyerekeza ndi shuga m'magazi. Komabe, ndi yowonjezera 7-8 mwa anthu 100 awa, hypoglycemia yoopsa idzachitika nthawi yomweyo chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ngakhale ziwerengerozi ndizongoyerekeza chabe, zikuwonetsa zabwino ndi zovuta za chithandizo.

Mofananamo, kusanthula kwachilengedwe kumatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, popeza kagayidwe kazachilengedwe kamakhudzana mwachindunji ndi lipid.

Kodi zopatuka zinganene chiyani?

Institute for Quality and Health Mwachangu. Chisankho chobwezeretsanso njira zodziwira ndi kuchiritsa ndizosungidwa ndi Komiti Yogwirizana. Pankhani ya kusala kudya kwa glucose, thupi silingayang'anire kuchuluka kwa glucose ngati pakufunika.

Zinthu ziyenera kukumbukiridwa:

Glucose ndi mtundu wosavuta wa shuga wopezeka muzakudya ndi zakumwa za shuga, ndipo umatengedwa ngati gawo labwinobwino pakugaya. Chimodzi mwazinthu zamagazi ndikuyendetsa glucose kudutsa thupi. Mkulu akamafika minofu, mwachitsanzo, imakhala m'maselo a minofu, imalowetsedwa ndikusintha kukhala mphamvu. Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumangoyendetsedwa ndi mahomoni ena otchedwa insulin.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumasintha tsiku lonse: kumakwera kapena kugwa, kutengera zomwe mumadya ndi kumwa. Mwazi wamagazi ungayesedwe mu labotale ndi kuyezetsa magazi. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri pamene simunadye chilichonse kwa maola asanu ndi atatu, ndipo umatchedwa kipimo cha glucose.

kukhalapo kwa matenda othandizira kupuma,
kuchuluka kwa zolimbitsa thupi zamasiku am'mbuyomu,
kumwa mankhwala omwe amakhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Kuyeserera kwa glucose kumachitika m'njira zotsatirazi:

Mpanda wamitsempha yamagazi kapena magazi kuchokera pachala.
Glucose ufa, wogulidwa mu mankhwala, amamuyika mu 75 g mu kapu yamadzi ndipo amamwa.
Pambuyo pa maola awiri, kuyesedwa kwa magazi kumachitidwanso chimodzimodzi monga nthawi yoyamba.
Monga adokotala adalembera, amatha kuyeserera theka lililonse la ola pambuyo pa "katundu" wa shuga (maphunziro apakatikati).

Kulandila shuga wa m'magazi ophatikizidwa m'madzi - gawo la kuyeserera kwa shuga

Chithandizo cha kuphwanya shuga m'thupi

Izi zitha kuthandiza kupewa kapena kuchepetsera kukula kwa matenda ashuga. Muyenera kuyesetsa kukwaniritsa ndi kusungunuka kwama glucose abwinobwino kapena oyandikira. Mutha kuchita izi motere. Mukatha kudya zamagulu onse komanso zopatsa thanzi, zamafuta ochepa, zamafuta ambiri, zokhala ndi mchere wambiri komanso zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba ambiri, kutsitsa mapaundi owonjezera ngati mukunenepa kwambiri, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kulemera kwanu kumasungidwa pamulingo woyenera, malinga ndi kutalika kwanu, kukonza thanzi lanu mwakuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi. Kuphatikiza pa njira zopewera pamwambapa, muthanso kuchepetsa ngozi ya matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko ngati mutha kusiya kusuta.

mtengo wa kusanthula ndi wokwera poyerekeza ndi njira zina,
odwala ena amachepetsa kuphatikiza kwa hemoglobin wokhala ndi shuga,
kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi ndi hemoglobinopathies - momwe zinthu zimasokonekera,
hypothyroidism imatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated, koma glucose wabwinobwino.

Zotsatira ndi kuwunika kwawo zalembedwa pagome. Chofunikira ndikuti zisonyezo ndizofanana kwa azimayi, abambo ndi ana.

Kodi pali chifukwa china chomwe magazi a glucose amatha kukwera?

Mayankho a mafunso okhudza kusala kudya kwa glucose. Yankho Pali zovuta zina komanso zochitika zina zomwe zimatha kukweza shuga wamagazi kwakanthawi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake GP yanu imayang'ananso shuga wanu wamagazi ngati mulibe zizindikiro za matenda ashuga.

Kufotokozera Kuphatikiza pa chisonyezo choyambirira cha matenda a shuga a 2, kukweza kwa magazi m'magazi kungakhale chifukwa cha zovuta zina. Dokotala nthawi zonse amayang'ana shuga wa m'magazi anu kwakanthawi kokhako ngati mulibe zizindikiro zina za matenda a shuga 2, mwachitsanzo, ngati mumalakalaka kapena kukodza mopitilira masiku onse. Cholinga chake ndikuti mwina pakhoza kukhala zovuta zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azikhala ndi shuga kwakanthawi. Ngati kuyezetsaku magazi kukuwonetsa kuti glucose wanu wabwereranso mwakale, mwina simungafunike chithandizo, koma dotolo wa banja lanu angakufunseni kuti mudzabwerenso.

Ndani ayenera kuyesedwa?

Zopereka zamagazi kuti adziwe amuna ndi akazi zizikhala ndi zotsatirazi:

kufooka kosalekeza, kutopa, kupweteka mutu,
kuchepa kwa chilimbikitso ndi kunenepa
ludzu losatha, kamwa yowuma,
kukodza pafupipafupi, makamaka usiku,
mabala ndi zilonda zam'mimba zomwe sizichiritsa.
Mkhalidwe wamthupi umakhala wokhumudwa, chitetezo chochepa.
kuyamwa mwa maliseche,
Amachepetsa maonedwe, makamaka mwa abambo ndi amayi okulirapo zaka 50.

Kukhalapo kwa chizindikiro chimodzi kapena ziwiri mwa abambo ndi amayi zimatha kukhala nthawi yophunzirira magazi okhathamira shuga.

Mukuyenera kudziwa kuti kwa amayi ndi abambo omwe ali pachiwopsezo - cholowa, kunenepa kwambiri, msinkhu, matenda a kapamba - kuwunikirako kuyenera kuchitika mobwerezabwereza, chifukwa zimachitika kuti matenda ashuga sangawonekere nthawi yomweyo.

Pakuwunika kwamwazi wamagazi a glucose, zotsatira zake zimakhala zabodza, chifukwa chake, kuti mutsimikizire kapena kutsutsa mtundu wa madotolo, ziyeso zowonjezereka za kulolera kwa glucose ziyenera kumwedwa.

Kuzindikira kwa kulolera kwa shuga

Kuti mudziwe kulolera kwa glucose, akatswiri amati wodwalayo amaphunzitsidwa mwapadera - ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Njira iyi imakupatsani mwayi wodziwitsa zovuta zobisika komanso zowonekeratu ndi kagayidwe kazakudya zam'magazi, komanso kumveketsa bwino za matendawa ndi zotsutsana ndi zotsatira za kusanthula koyenera.

Kwa odwala omwe shuga ya m'magazi nthawi zambiri sikhala yopitilira muyeso, koma nthawi zina amakwera mkodzo.
ngati shuga wa munthu ali pamimba yopanda kanthu ali wabwinobwino ndipo alibe mawonekedwe a matenda ashuga, koma kuchuluka kwa mkodzo patsiku kumawonjezeka kwambiri,
ngati chisonyezo chikuwonjezereka panthawi yomwe muli ndi pakati, odwala omwe ali ndi chithokomiro komanso matenda a chiwindi.
kwa odwala omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za matenda ashuga kumaso kwawo, koma shuga mumkodzo wawo ndi magazi sawakwezedwa,
anthu omwe ali ndi chibadwa chokhala ndi vuto la matenda ashuga, koma mayesowo ndi abwinobwino,
akudwala neuropathy ndi retinopathy ochokera komwe sakudziwika,
Pa nthawi yoyembekezera, komanso azimayi omwe amabereka mwana kuchokera ku 4 kg ndi wakhanda.

Chiyeso chololera mwa amuna ndi akazi chimachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu. Wodwalayo amatenga magazi kuchokera ku chala, pambuyo pake amamwa shuga wambiri wopaka mu tiyi ndipo pambuyo ola limodzi ndi maola awiri amapatsanso magazi.

Mu kafukufuku wokhala ndi shuga wambiri amatha kuperekedwa kokha pakamwa, komanso kudzera m'mitsempha.

Chiyeso chololera cha glucose chimakhala chovomerezeka nthawi yapakati mdziko lathu.

Kafukufukuyu amachitika ndi katundu pakati pa 24 ndi 28 milungu yoyembekezera kuti adziwe msanga komanso kupewa kukula kwa matendawa.

Komanso, kuyesa ndi katundu kumathandizira kuwulula njira yobisika ya matenda.

Ngati mayi ali ndi chiyembekezo cha matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti amayenera kukayezetsa magazi atangolembetsedwa kuti ali ndi pakati.

Ngati zotsatira za kafukufuku wokhala ndi katunduyo sizabwino, ndiye kuti kafukufuku wotsatira azichitika pa nthawi yake (kuyambira milungu 24 mpaka 28).

Kodi kafukufukuyu amawerengera bwanji?

Pakufufuza, wothandizira zasayansi amatenga magazi kuchokera ku chala kapena kuchokera mu mtsempha.

Kufufuza kungachitike munjira zitatu:

basal - kuyesa kwa magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu,
Maola awiri - mutatha kudya, maola awiri akudutsa maphunziro,
mwachisawawa - chizindikirocho chimayesedwa mosasamala chakudya.

Katswiri amafufuza za chithunzi cha wodwala aliyense ndipo amasankha payekha njira yodziwunikira, pambuyo pake kuwunikanso.

Kuwonjezeka kwa chisonyezo (hyperglycemia) mwa amuna ndi akazi kumatha kukhala kwachilengedwe komanso kwachilengedwe.

Kulumikizidwa kwakuthupi kumachitika pambuyo pazinthu zazikulu zamasewera, kusuta, mavuto. Chifukwa chake, patsiku lodzazindikira, zinthu zomwe zimadumpha mu glucose ziyenera kupewedwa.

Kuunikira zotsatira za phunziroli (ngati shuga ndiwokwera), titha kulankhula zokhudzana ndi matenda:

matenda ashuga - chikhalidwe chowawa cha endocrine system m'mene munthu akusowa insulin,
pheochromocytoma - mkhalidwe wowawa womwe adrenaline wambiri ndi norepinephrine amalowa m'magazi,
kutupa kwa kapamba, chotupa cha chiwalo ichi,
endocrine pathology, yomwe imadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa mahomoni,
mavuto a chiwindi
kumwa anti-yotupa, diuretic, mankhwala a steroid, kulera.

Zimachitika kuti kusanthula kukuwonetsa kuchepa kwa shuga.

Kuthana ndi zotulukapo zitha kuonetsa mavuto:

chotupa chamimba chomwe chimapanga insulin,
kusala kudya kwanthawi yayitali
matenda omwe mayamwidwe amadzimadzi m'matumbo amadzaza,
amphetamines, ma steroid ndi mankhwala ena amathanso kutsitsa shuga,
Odwala matenda a shuga, m'mene mlingo wa jakisoni wa insulin unatha.

Zimachitika kuti kuchuluka kwa glucose pa nthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati kumakwezedwa, izi ndizomwe zimatchedwa kuperewera kwa insulin kapena matenda a shuga.

Pochizira komanso kupewa matenda obwera chifukwa cha zovuta, owerenga athu amagwiritsa ntchito bwino njira yomwe ikukula msanga komanso yopanda opaleshoni, yomwe ikuyamba kutchuka, ndikulimbikitsidwa ndi akatswiri aku Germany omwe ali ndi matenda a musculoskeletal system. Popeza tidaphunzira mosamala, tidaganiza zopereka chidwi chanu: Chotsani zowawa zonse. "

Nthawi zambiri, izi zimachitika pakabadwa pakokha, koma amayi oyembekezera amayang'aniridwa ndi akatswiri, popeza vutoli limatha kuvulaza pakati.

Kodi ndingaperekere mwachangu motani magazi kuti asanthule shuga?

Mutha kuyezetsa magazi a chipatala kuchipatala, ku dipatimenti, kapena ku chipatala. Masiku ano, pafupifupi mabungwe onse azachipatala amapereka ntchito yowunikira zamankhwala osiyanasiyana. Komabe, zovuta zimakhalapo dokotala atakulamula, mwachitsanzo, kuyesa kwa fructosamine kapena glycated hemoglobin. Pankhaniyi, mungafunike kupita ku labotale yaboma.

Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mutchere khutu ku ma labotore azachipatala. Apa azichita mayeso a shuga (m'magazi kapena mkodzo) ma ruble 255. INVITRO imapanganso mayeso ololera a glucose, kuphatikiza pa nthawi yoyembekezera, kafukufuku pazomwe zili ndi lactate, fructosamine ndi glycated hemoglobin. Makasitomala okhazikika amapatsidwa kuchotsera kwa 5% kapena 10%. Kuphatikiza apo, wogwira ntchito yolembera akhoza kubwera kwa inu kudzatenga zitsanzo zachilengedwe pamalo anu.

Kuyesedwa kwa shuga m'magazi ndikofunikira kwambiri pakuwazindikira matenda a shuga.
Anthu opitilira zaka zopitilira 45 amalangizidwa kuyezetsa magazi kuti adziwe matenda amtundu wa II.
Wodwala matenda ashuga, kuphatikiza kuwonetsetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ayenera kukayezetsa pafupipafupi pachaka.
Nthawi zambiri, shuga mumkodzo sapezeka kapena amapezeka wambiri. Zolemba zake zochulukirapo ndizomwe zikuwonetsa kusokonezeka kwa kagayidwe kazakudya.

M'magazi a munthu aliyense pamakhala kuchuluka kwa glucose, komwe kumapereka mphamvu ku thupi lonse. Kusintha kulikonse mwatsatanetsatane kumawonetsa mavuto azaumoyo. Kuti mudziwe tanthauzo la shuga m'magazi, kuyezetsa magazi m'magazi kungakuthandizeni.

Zimachitidwa popewa, popeza pachiyambi pomwe, zizindikiro zamankhwala sizimatsimikiziridwa nthawi zonse. Muyenera kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake kuchita mayeso koteroko ndi zomwe zingathandize kuzindikira.

Kuyesedwa kwa shuga m'magazi - ndi chiyani ndipo ndichifukwa chiyani ndiyenera kutero?

Glucose ndi monosaccharide m'magazi omwe amapangidwa pakusintha kwa glycogen komanso pakukonza chakudya. Gawoli lofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwokhazikika kwa maselo am'magazi mu ubongo ndi minofu yamatumbo, ndichifukwa chake liyenera kuwongoleredwa.

Izi zimapangidwa nthawi ndi nthawi m'maselo, koma pang'ono. Mtundu wake waukulu ndi glycogen, womwe umapangidwa m'chiwindi mutatha kulowetsa zakudya zokhala ndi chakudya.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuyesa mayeso a glucose panthawi, chifukwa m'matenda ambiri, zizindikiritso zimawonekera mochedwa.

Muyenera kuchita ziyeso zotsatirazi:

Kukodza pafupipafupi.
Kutulutsa magazi m'thupi.
Wanjala.
Kuchepetsa thupi mwadzidzidzi.
Kutopa nthawi zonse komanso kutopa.
Kupezeka kwa ziphuphu zakumaso ndi zithupsa.
Kuchiritsa pang'onopang'ono kwa mabala.
Zowonongeka.

Mukamasankha momwe mungayesere magazi magazi a glucose, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira ziwiri: njira zasayansi ndi kufotokoza.

Njira yoyamba imachitika mu labotale. Njira yowonetsera imachitidwa kunyumba pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer.

Momwe mungakonzekere ndikuwunikira bwino?

Momwe mungapezere mayeso a shuga moyenera, zotsatirazi zikuthandizira:

Sizoletsedwa kudya chilichonse maola 8 musanapereke magazi.
Madzi amathanso kuledzera osakhala ndi kaboni komanso popanda zowonjezera.
Osamamwa mowa patsiku.
Madzulo a njirayi, muyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwala.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musagwiritse ntchito mano opangira mano musanachitike.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuwunikaku kumawapereka m'mawa. Kwa mayeso, onse capillary ndi venous magazi amatengedwa. Kuti mudziwe kulolera kwa glucose, magazi amafunikira, omwe amayenera kutengedwa kuchokera pachala.

Chitsanzocho chimadziwika ndi magazi ochepa. Chiyesocho chimakupatsani mwayi wofufuza momwe magazi a munthu alili.

Kusanthula kwakanthawi kumakuthandizani kuti muphunzire za momwe matendawa amayambira komanso kupewa kutukuka kwake.

Makhalidwe ndi zotsatira zake zimakhudzidwa ndikudya zakudya zokhala ndi shuga wambiri, zakudya zamafuta ndi nyama yokazinga, kusiya kwa nthawi yayitali chakudya, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Kutakasa mitsempha kumathandizanso. Madzulo chifukwa chofunikira kupewa kupsinjika ndi kupsinjika kwa minofu, komwe kumayambitsa hyperglycemia.

Ngati njira zolimbitsa thupi kapena ma x-ray zinachitikira, ndiye kuti magazi amayenera kuikidwa kaye kwa masiku angapo.

Chifukwa chiyani komanso momwe angawongolere?

Zomwe zalandilidwa zitha kulembedwa ndi ogwira ntchito kuchipatala. Koma pali mfundo zina zofunikira zomwe muyenera kudziwa.

Zotsatira za kusanthula zimadziwika masiku angapo pambuyo poyesedwa. Mtengo wabwinobwino umatengedwa ngati chiwonetsero pamlingo wa 3.5-6.1 mmol / l. Ngati chizindikirocho chili pamwamba pa 6.1 mmol / l, ndiye kuti uwu ndi umboni wa kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga.

Zotsatira zabwinobwino zamagazi m'magazi pa nthawi ya pakati zimawonetsa 3.3-6.6 mmol / L.

Ndi chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa kupatuka kwakanthawi, monga zimachitikira ndi matenda otsatirawa:

Matenda a kapamba.
Mavuto ndi endocrine system.
Matenda apakhungu komanso pachimake.
Poizoni wowopsa.
Khunyu

Matenda a shuga amapezeka ndi ma pancreatic pathologies. Pankhaniyi, kupanga insulini kumachepetsedwa, komwe kumapangitsa kutsimikizika kwa chinthu chachikulu.

Gawo lotsika limawonedwa ndi ma pathologies otsatirawa:

Matenda a chiwindi.
Mavuto ndi kagayidwe kachakudya.
Matenda a mtima.

Pofuna kuti musafunike chithandizo, muyenera kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Kwa izi, palibe chifukwa chochitira zachilendo, ndikofunikira kudya moyenera, kusiya zizolowezi zoipa ndipo musaiwale za zolimbitsa thupi.

Kusanthula kwa kulolera kwa glucose panthawi yapakati komanso kwa magulu ena onse a anthu kumachitika mwanjira yapadera. Wodwalayo amatenga magazi kanayi mu 2 hours. Choyamba pamimba yopanda kanthu. Kenako muyenera kumwa shuga. Kuwunikiranso mobwerezabwereza kumachitika pambuyo pa ola, ola ndi theka, komanso pambuyo maola awiri. Kuphatikiza apo, zotsatira zimayesedwa pakuyesa konse.

Zokhudza kusanthula kwa shuga pa nthawi yapakati

Ambiri ali ndi chidwi ndi momwe angapangire mayeso a glucose panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati. Ndondomeko ziyenera kuchitidwa m'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Kuti muwone kuwonjezeka kwa phindu la chinthuchi, njira zotsatirazi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito:

Kupereka kwamphamvu kwa magazi kumachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu.
Chiyeso chololera komanso kuyezetsa magazi konseko kumachitika.
Kusanthula kwakanthawi kwamkodzo, glucose wa mkodzo amachitidwa.

Pankhaniyi, kulolerana kwa shuga kumatsimikizika. Kupezeka kwa gawo loyamba la matenda ashuga ndiko chifukwa chofunikira kwambiri choyezera magazi. Njirayi imadziwika ndi kulondola kwambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamavuto okhala ndi kulemera, chidwi chofuna kunenepa kwambiri komanso kubadwa kwa ana omwe ali ndilemera kwambiri.

Ngati vutoli ndi lachilendo, ndiye kuti mkodzo mulibe shuga. Nthawi zina, zimachitika. Mwa amayi apakati, imatha kupezeka wachiwiri ndi wachitatu trimesters. Ndipo izi sizikusonyeza kuwoneka kwa matenda ashuga. Tikuyankhula za matenda a shuga, omwe amasowa mwana atabadwa. Zinthu zoyipa ngati izi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi chimtolo chachikulu pa thupi la mkazi.

Chomwe chimapangitsa kuti mayeso a glucose akhazikitsidwe panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati ndi omwe amakonzekereratu azimayi ambiri munthawi imeneyi. Milingo yokwezeka ya glucose imawonedwa kuti ndi chifukwa cha matenda a shuga okha, komanso mavuto ndi endocrine system, impso ndi kapamba.

Ndi kupatuka kwa miyambo yovomerezeka, kapangidwe ka matupi a ketone okhala ndi kawopsedwe kakang'ono kumayamba. Ndiye chifukwa chake kuyezetsa kumachitika kwenikweni, chifukwa kuledzera kumadzetsa mavuto pamakhalidwe a mwana.

Pa nthawi ya pakati, shuga amawuka motsatira milandu:

Kudziletsa.
Ngati mkazi ndi wamkulu kuposa zaka 35.
Ndi polyhydramnios.
Ngati ana am'mbuyomu adabadwa ndi zolemera zambiri.
Kunenepa kwambiri komanso kunenepa kwambiri.

Kuyesedwa kwa shuga pa nthawi ya pakati kumayikidwa kangapo. Nthawi yoyamba kulembetsa, kenako masabata 30. Pakatikati pa njira ziwiri izi, kuyesa kwa glucose kumachitika.

Kusanthula kwakanthawi kwa shuga kumathandiza kupewa matenda owopsa. Kuunika bwino ndikuwunika mayendedwe ofunikira panthawi yapakati kumathandizira kukhalabe ndi thanzi la mwana ndi mayi.

Kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi pafupifupi nthawi zonse kumawonetsa kusintha kwakukulu mu thanzi la munthu. Izi ndizomwe zimayambitsa zovuta zama metabolic kapena kulephera kwa mahormone. Nthawi zambiri zizindikiro za matendawa zimawonekera ngakhale sizikhalanso koyamba. Chifukwa chake, kuti musataye nthawi pochizira matendawa, ndikofunikira kudziwa shuga chifukwa cha kuyezetsa magazi.

Kodi shuga ndi chiyani?

Glucose ndi magazi a monosaccharide omwe ndi galasi lopanda utoto.Imawerengedwa ngati gwero lamphamvu kwa anthu, zomwe zimatanthawuza kuti ndizomwe zimayambitsa ntchito yake. 3.3-5.5 mmol / L ndi mulingo wabwinobwino wama glucose m'thupi la munthu.

Mahomoni awiri amawongolera magazi. Ndi insulin ndi glucagon. Hormoni yoyamba imachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa ma membrane am'mimba ndikutulutsa shuga mwa iwo. Mothandizidwa ndi hormone iyi, shuga amasandulika kukhala glycogen.

Glucagon, m'malo mwake, imasintha glycogen kukhala glucose, potero amawonjezera mulingo wake m'magazi. Kuwonjezeka kwina kwa glucose kumathandizira kuti pakhale matenda owopsa.

Kutengera zotsatira za kuyezetsa magazi, mulingo wa shuga m'thupi umatsimikizika ndipo chithandizo cha matenda chimayamba.

Njira zosiyanasiyana zoyesera magazi

Muzochita zachipatala, kuyezetsa magazi kwa capillary, kusankha kwa chala, kapena kuyesa magazi. Pali mitundu inayi ya yoyeserera yamagazi a ma labotale: Pali kuchuluka kwa glucose.

njira yogwiritsira ntchito ma glucose
njira yofotokozera
Kutsimikiza kwa glycated hemoglobin,
kusanthula motsogozedwa ndi "shuga" katundu.

Kusanthula kumawonedwa molondola kwambiri momwe njira yodziwira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi imapangidwira mu labotale.

Kuphatikiza kwa njira yofotokozeraku kungaganizidwe kuti kuwunika kwa shuga kungachitike popanda thandizo kunyumba kapena kuntchito. Komabe, pali kuthekera kwakuti chipangizochi chomwe chimatsimikiza kuchuluka kwa shuga chikhoza kukhala chikuyenda bwino. Izi ziphatikiza cholakwika pamayeso, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zotsatira za kusanthula sizingakhale zosadalirika.

Chingakhale chiziwonetsero cha kusanthula

Pali zizindikiro zingapo zomwe adokotala amalimbikitsa kuyesedwa kwa magazi kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa shuga. Izi zikuphatikiza:

kuchepetsa thupi
kumangokhala wotopa
ludzu losalekeza komanso pakamwa louma
kukodza pafupipafupi komanso kuchuluka kwa mkodzo.

Nthawi zambiri, matenda osiyanasiyana ogwirizana ndi kukula kwa glucose amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu onenepa kwambiri komanso othamanga magazi.

Odwala oterewa angafunike, iyi ndi mfundo yofunika, chifukwa si mankhwala onse omwe angatengedwe ndi matendawa.

Komanso, pamakhala matenda ambiri mwa anthu omwe achibale awo ali ndi matenda ofanana kapena omwe ali ndi vuto la metabolic.

Mayeso apakhomo adalembedwa zotsatirazi:

ngati kuli kotheka, kumakhala koyenera,
omwe ali ndi vuto la metabolic lomwe ladziwika kale,
kudziwa momwe mankhwalawa amathandizira,
pamaso pa matenda ndi zovuta kwa kapamba.

Kukonzekera mayesowo

Kuyesedwa kwa shuga wamagazi kumafunika kukonzekera.

Ndikofunikira kutsatira zofuna zina, ndizo:

kuyezetsa magazi kumaperekedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pasanathe maola 7-8 maola chisanachitike kusamba kuyenera kukhala chakudya chomaliza. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kumwa madzi oyera komanso opanda mafuta,
tsiku loti lisanachitike, sinthani mowa,
musanayesedwe, sikulimbikitsidwa kutsuka mano kapena kutafuna chingamu,
makamaka, musanaunike, siyani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala onse. Ngati simungathe kuzikana kwathunthu, ndiye muyenera kudziwitsa dokotala za inu,

Chisankho pazotsatira zoyesa

Zotsatira za kusanthula kumawonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga mthupi ndi kufunikira kwake pakupatuka kuchoka pamlingo wabwinobwino. Kutanthauzira kumaganizira kuti zomwe zimakhala m'magazi zimadziwika kuti ndizofanana mu 3.3-5.5 mmol / l.

Mulingo wa shuga pafupifupi 6 mmol / L umadziwika kuti ndi boma la matenda osokoneza bongo. Komanso, chifukwa chakuwonjezeka kungakhale kuphwanya njira yakukonzekera kusanthula. Shuga pamwambapa amatengedwa ngati maziko a matenda a shuga.

Zimayambitsa kupatuka kwa glucose kuzizira

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kukhala motere:

kupanikizika kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri
khunyu
kusokonekera kwa mahomoni,
kudya chakudya musanapite kwa dokotala,
kuledzera
kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.

Kuchepa kwa shuga kwa glucose kumatha kuwonetsa pazifukwa zingapo.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kutsika kwa shuga m'thupi ndi izi:

poizoni
Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa chiwindi,
kutsatira mokwanira zakudya zokhwima,
matenda osiyanasiyana am'mimba;
onenepa kwambiri
zosokoneza mu ntchito yamanjenje ndi mtima
poyizoni wamkulu,
kumwa kwambiri insulin.

Kutsimikizira kapena kupatula kukhalapo kwa matenda osokoneza bongo a mtundu uliwonse, mayeso awiri okonzanso amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Nthawi zambiri, kuzindikira kwa wodwala ndikuwonjezereka kwa mankhwala kumadalira zotsatira zawo.

Kusanthula kwa shuga

Chinsinsi cha kusanthula uku ndi motere. Munthu amapereka magazi kwa maola awiri 4. Kuyamwa koyambirira kumachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu. Pambuyo wodwala kumwa 75 ml. shuga wosungunuka. Pambuyo pamphindi 60, kuyezetsa magazi kumabwerezedwa. Pambuyo pake njirayi imabwerezedwa panthawiyi ndi gawo la theka la ola.

Pakuyankha koyenera kwa wodwala glucose, woyamba magazi ayenera kukhala ndi shuga wambiri. Pambuyo pa mlingo woyamba, mulingo umakwera, ndiye umatsikira, womwe umatsimikizira.