Insulin Novorapid: mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake

Insulin Novorapid ndi mankhwala obwera mwatsopano omwe amakupatsani mwayi wopanga kuchepa kwa mahomoni m'thupi. Imakhala ndi zopindulitsa zambiri: imagwiritsidwa ntchito mosavuta komanso mosavuta kugaya, matenda a shuga angagwiritsidwe ntchito mosasamala zakudya. Ndiwo m'gulu la insulin.

Matenda a diabetesic Novorapid ndi madzi opanda jakisoni. Amapezeka m'makalata omwe amatha kusinthidwa ndi zolembera 3 syringe. Gawo lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, insulin, limapatsa mphamvu kwambiri ndipo ndi chithokomiro cha timadzi ta munthu. Thupi limachotsedwa ndi kuphatikizanso biotechnology ya DNA ndipo limakhala 100 IU, kapena 3.5 g ya yankho lathunthu.

Zowonjezera zake ndi glycerol, phenol, metacresol, zinc chloride, sodium chloride, sodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid ndi madzi.

Zizindikiro ndi contraindication

Novorapid ndi mankhwala a matenda a shuga a mtundu 1 ndi 2. Pa osadalira odwala a shuga omwe amadalira insulin, mankhwalawa amayenera kuperekedwa pozindikira kukana kwa hypoglycemic omwe amapanga pakamwa.

Itha kumwedwa kwa ana a zaka ziwiri. Komabe, izi sizinapitirire mayesero azachipatala, chifukwa chake, mankhwalawa amatha kuperekedwa pokhapokha zaka 6 zakubadwa. Zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi kudikiratu kumakhala kovuta kuti mwana akhale pakati pa jakisoni ndi zakudya.

Mwa contraindication, chidwi cha munthu pazigawo za mankhwala ziyenera kuzindikirika. Ndi kusamala kwambiri, amapatsidwa kwa anthu achikulire omwe ali ndi vuto la chiwindi kapena impso.

Mlingo ndi makonzedwe

Novorapid adapangira makina osakanikirana ndi osakanikirana. Mlingo wa timadzi timeneti umasankhidwa payekhapayekha, potengera mawonekedwe a thupi ndi kuuma kwa njira ya matendawa. Mankhwala tikulimbikitsidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi ndi ma insulin aatali kapena apakati, omwe amaperekedwa kamodzi patsiku. Popewa spikes m'magulu a shuga, musanayambe kutumiza Novoropid, shuga wamagazi amayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi mlingo kusintha malinga ndi zomwe akuwonetsa.

Analimbikitsa tsiku lililonse mankhwala kwa akulu ndi ana kuyambira 0,5-1 IU pa 1 makilogalamu thupi. Novorapid imatha kutumikiridwa musanadye. Potere, insulin idzakhudza pafupifupi 60-70% ya zosowa za odwala matenda ashuga. Zotsalazo zidzabwezedwa ndi ma insulin omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mapangidwe mukatha kudya kumavomerezedwanso.

Konzani mlingo wa mahomoni wofunikira:

posintha zakudya zomwe mumadya
ndi matenda wamba
olimbitsa thupi osakonzekera kapena wolimbitsa thupi kwambiri,
nthawi ya opaleshoni.

Mlingo wa insulin yokhala ndi nthawi yochepa umasankhidwa pambuyo poyesa shuga kwa sabata limodzi. Kutengera ndi izi, katswiriyo apanga njira yodziyimira payekha. Mwachitsanzo, ngati kulumpha kwa shuga m'magazi kumayang'aniridwa madzulo, Novorapid imayendetsedwa kamodzi patsiku musanadye. Ngati shuga amuka pambuyo pazakudya zilizonse, jakisoni amayenera kudulidwa asanadye.

Pakuyambitsidwa kwa insulin muyenera kusankha dera la m'chiuno, mapewa, matako ndi khoma lamkati lakumbuyo. Kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha lipodystrophy, gawo la jekeseni liyenera kusinthidwa.

Kutalika kwa mahomoni kumadalira zinthu zambiri: Mlingo, jakisoni, magazi, magazi, zina ndi zina. Ngati ndi kotheka, mankhwalawa amatha kuperekedwa pogwiritsa ntchito pampu ya insulin. Komabe, njirayi iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati muli ndi maluso ofunikira komanso zida zomwe zilipo (posungira, catheter ndi tube system). Intravenous management ndi yovomerezeka pokhapokha ngati maso a katswiri. Pa kulowetsedwa, njira ya insulin yokhala ndi sodium chloride kapena dextrose imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Novorapid Flexpen

Nthawi zambiri, mankhwalawa amaperekedwa pogwiritsa ntchito cholembera. Insulin Novorapid Flekspen imakhala ndi zolemba zamtundu ndi chothandizira. Gawo limodzi la syringe lili ndi 1 IU ya mankhwala. Musanagwiritse ntchito mahomoni, muyenera kuwerenga mosamala malangizo ogwiritsa ntchito. Onani tsiku lokonzera ndi tsiku lotha ntchito. Ndiye chotsani kapu ku syringe ndikuchotsera chomata pa singano. Vulani singano m'manja. Kumbukirani: singano yosalala iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pobayira iliyonse.

Wopangayo akuchenjeza kuti cholembera chingakhale ndi mpweya pang'ono mkati. Kuti mupewe kuchuluka kwa thovu la okosijeni ndikuwongolera bwino mankhwalawa, tsatirani malamulo ena. Imbani magawo awiri a mahomoni, kwezani syringe ndi singanoyo ndikukoka mokoka cartridge ndi chikhomo chanu. Chifukwa chake mumasunthira thovu. Tsopano dinani batani loyambira ndikudikirira wosankha dosing kuti abwerere ku "0" malo. Ndi syringe yogwira ntchito, dontho la mawonekedwe liziwoneka pandingano. Ngati izi sizingachitike, yesaninso kangapo. Ngati insulin singalowe ndi singano, syringe ikuyenda bwino.

Mukatha kuonetsetsa kuti chipangizocho chikugwira ntchito moyenera, ikani osankhidwa a syringe kuti aikemo "0". Imbani kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawo. Musamale mukamakhazikitsa mlingo. Kukanikiza mwangozi kungachititse kuti mahomoni amasulidwe msanga. Musayike mitengoyo kuposa momwe wopanga akupangira. Lowani insulin, kutsatira njira ndi malingaliro a dokotala. Osachotsa chala chanu kuchokera kumiyamba yoyambira masekondi 6 mutatha kubayidwa, chifukwa mudzakwaniritsa mlingo wokwanira.

Tulutsani singano ndikuyilozera kumkati wakunja. Atalowa mkatimo, wochotsa ndi kutaya. Tsekani syringe ndi chipewa ndikuyiyika pamalo osungira. Zambiri pazakufinya ndi kutaya kwa singano zogwiritsidwa ntchito zitha kupezeka muzomwe mungagwiritse ntchito.

Kugwiritsa ntchito Novorapid Flekspen ndizoletsedwa nthawi zina.

Thupi lawo siligwirizana ndi insulin kapena ziwalo zina za mankhwala.
Hypoglycemia mu gawo loyambirira (nthawi zonse muyezetse shuga musanapereke mahomoni).
Cholembera chimbiricho chawonongeka, kuphwanyidwa, kapena kugwera pansi.
Madzi a mu syringe ndiopanga mitambo, tinthu tachilendo timayandama mkati mwake kapena chomera chikuwoneka.
Zosungidwa za mankhwalawo zidaphwanyidwa kapena chinthucho chinali chowuma.

Pamwamba pa cholembera mutha kuchiritsidwa ndi nsalu. Sizoletsedwa kumiza Novorapid Flekspen mu madzi, kuchapa ndi mafuta. Kupanda kutero, chipangizocho chitha kulephera.

Novorapid pa nthawi yapakati

Monga ma insulini ena, Novorapid amavomerezedwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yapakati komanso mkaka wa m`mawere. Maphunziro ambiri apadera atsimikizira kuti mankhwalawa alibe zotsatira zoyipa kwa mwana wosabadwayo. Komabe, mayi woyembekezerayo ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala Zizindikiro za shuga wamagazi, chifukwa hypo- ndi hyperglycemia ndizowopsa pa thanzi la mayi ndi mwana.

Mlingo wochepa wa insulin uyenera kusinthidwa kutengera nthawi yayitali. Kumayambiriro kwa 1 trimester, kufunika kwa insulin kudzakhala kocheperako poyerekeza ndi kumapeto kwa 2nd ndikuyamba kwa trimester ya 3. Amayi akangobadwa kumene, Zizindikiro za glycemic zimabwereranso mwakale, koma nthawi zina, kusintha pang'ono kungakhale kofunikira.

Zotsatira zoyipa ndi bongo

Nthawi zambiri, zosafunika zimachitika pakakhala mahomoni enieniwo ndikuwoneka ngati hypoglycemia, yomwe imatsatana ndi:

thukuta kwambiri
kukopa kwa pakhungu
mantha
kuda nkhawa mosaganizira,
kugwedezeka kwamiyendo,
kufooka m'thupi
kusokoneza komanso kuchepa kwa chidwi.

Nthawi zambiri, kuchepa kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi kungayambitse:

chizungulire
njala
mavuto amawonedwe
nseru
mutu
tachycardia.

Kuchita glycemia kwambiri kungayambitse kusokonezeka kwa chikumbumtima, kukhudzika, ngozi ya mtima komanso kufa.

Ndi kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwalawa, zomwe zimachitika mderalo komanso zamkati zimachitika: urticaria, kuyabwa, redness ndi kutupa. Nthawi zambiri, zizindikirozi zimachitika kumayambiriro kwa kugwiritsa ntchito kwa mahomoni ndipo pakapita kanthawi pazokha. Komabe, ena odwala matenda ashuga adanenanso zovuta zina zomwe zimachitika, limodzi ndi kukhumudwa m'mimba, angioedema, kupuma movuta, kupweteka kwa mtima komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri insulin ya Novorapid kungayambitse bongo, womwe umayendetsedwa ndi hypoglycemia. Kuchuluka kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi kosavuta kuthetsa nokha. Kuti muchite izi, idyani zakudya zokhala ndi shuga. Ma glycemia apakati komanso oopsa, limodzi ndi kutayika kwa chikumbumtima, amayenera kuthandizidwa kuchipatala.

Ngati pazifukwa zilizonse Novorapid sanali woyenera wodwala, endocrinologist amatha kutengera mawonekedwe ake. Zodziwika kwambiri pakati pawo ndi Apidra, Novomiks, Aktrapid, Humalog, Gensulin N, Protafan ndi Raizodeg. Mankhwalawa onse ndi ma insulin omwe amangokhala osakhalitsa, oyenera kuchiza matenda amtundu wa 1 komanso matenda a shuga a 2, ndipo ndi osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.

Malangizo

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, mankhwalawa amayenera kukumbukiridwa.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito cholembera, mutha kukumbukira kuti ikhoza kutayika kapena kuwonongeka, choncho khalani ndi dongosolo la jakisoni wopumira.
Mankhwala nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsa kumayambiriro kwa matenda a shuga ndipo amamuika motsutsana ndi maziko a insulin.
Analogue ya mahomoni aumunthu imatha kupangitsa kugwa kwamphamvu kwa glucose mwa ana, chifukwa chake, Novorapid iyenera kuyikidwa paubwana mosamala.
Kusamutsa kuchokera ku mankhwala ena okhala ndi insulin kupita ku Novorapid kuyenera kuchitika moyang'aniridwa ndi achipatala.
Hormoniyo imagwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi kudya zakudya. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kulingalira momwe zimakhalira pakulimbikitsa odwala matenda ashuga omwe amadwala matenda opatsirana kapena kumwa mankhwala omwe amachedwetsa kuyamwa kwa chakudya.

Insulin Novorapid ndi mankhwala ofatsa komanso apamwamba omwe amatsitsa shuga m'magazi ngakhale ndi matenda a shuga 1. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawo kumbuyo kwa insulin yayitali. Komabe, mlingo wosankhidwa molakwika nthawi zambiri umayambitsa hypoglycemia ndipo umawononga thanzi lathu. Popewa zoyipa, mankhwalawa amayenera kuvomerezedwa ndi adokotala.

Zambiri pazamankhwala

Insulin Novorapid ndi mankhwala am'badwo watsopano omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita zachipatala pochiza matenda ashuga. Chidacho chimakhala ndi vuto la hypoglycemic podzaza kuchepa kwa insulin ya anthu. Ili ndi zotsatira zazifupi.

Mankhwala amadziwika ndi kulolerana kwabwino komanso kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu. Pogwiritsa ntchito moyenera, hypoglycemia imachitika kangapo kuposa insulin ya munthu.

Imapezeka ngati jakisoni. Chomwe chimagwira ndi insulin. Aspart amafanana ndi mahomoni omwe amapangidwa ndi thupi la munthu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi jakisoni wokhala ndi nthawi yayitali.

Amapezeka m'mitundu iwiri: Novorapid Flexpen ndi Novorapid Penfil. Kuwona koyamba ndi cholembera, chachiwiri ndi makatoni. Aliyense wa iwo ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana - insulin. Thupi limawonekera popanda turbidity komanso malingaliro a gulu lachitatu. Pakasungidwa nthawi yayitali, mpweya wabwino ungapangike.

Pharmacology ndi pharmacokinetics

Mankhwalawa amalumikizana ndi maselo ndikuyambitsa zomwe zimachitika pamenepo. Zotsatira zake, kupangika kumapangidwa - kumapangitsa njira zamagetsi. Kuchita kwa mankhwalawa kumachitika mogwirizana ndi mahomoni amunthu m'mbuyomu. Zotsatira zake zitha kuwonekera patatha mphindi 15. Kuchuluka kwake ndi maola 4.

Shuga atachepetsedwa, kupanga kwake kumachepa ndi chiwindi. Kukhazikitsa kwa glycogenolysis ndi kuwonjezereka kwa intracellular mayendedwe, kaphatikizidwe ka michere yayikulu. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwambiri kwa glycemia ndizochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi insulin ya anthu.

Kuchokera pamatumbo am'munsi, chinthucho chimatumizidwa mwachangu kulowa m'magazi. Kafukufukuyu adawonetsa kuti chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu odwala matenda ashuga 1 chimafika patatha mphindi 40 - ndi chofupikirako kawiri kuposa chithandizo cha insulin. Novorapid mu ana (kuyambira zaka 6 ndi kupitilira) ndi achinyamata amatenga msanga. Kulimba kwa DM 2 kumakhala kofooka ndipo kupendekera kwakukulu kumafika patali - atatha ola limodzi. Pambuyo maola 5, inshuwaransi yam'mbuyomu imabwezeretseka.

Mlingo ndi makonzedwe

Kuti mupeze chithandizo choyenera, mankhwalawa amaphatikizidwa ndi insulin yayitali. Pakukonzekera chithandizo, kuyang'anira shuga nthawi zonse kumachitika kuti glycemia ikhale m'manja mwake.

Novorapid ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito zonse komanso kudzera m'mitsempha. Nthawi zambiri, odwala amapereka mankhwalawo m'njira yoyamba. Jakisoni wamkati amachitika kokha ndi wothandizira zaumoyo. Malo omwe analimbikitsidwa jekeseni ndi ntchafu, phewa, ndi kutsogolo kwa m'mimba.

Chidachi chimabayidwa pogwiritsa ntchito cholembera. Amapangidwa kuti azitha kutetezedwa mosavuta. Mankhwalawa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati pakufunika kulowetsedwa. Panthawi yonseyi, zizindikiro zimayang'aniridwa. Pakakhala dongosolo kulephera, wodwalayo ayenera kukhala ndi insulin yopuma. Chitsogozo chatsatanetsatane chili mu malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa.

Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito musanadye kapena pambuyo pake. Izi ndichifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa mankhwalawa. Mlingo wa Novorapid umatsimikiziridwa kwa wodwala aliyense payekhapayekha, poganizira zosowa zake zamankhwala komanso njira ya matendawa. Nthawi zambiri zotchulidwa tsiku lililonse Mlingo wapadera odwala ndi zikuonetsa

Pa nthawi yoyembekezera, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kumaloledwa. Mukuyesa kuyipa kwa zinthu za mwana wosabadwa ndi mkazi sizinapezeke. Nthawi yonseyi, mlingo umasinthidwa. Ndi mkaka wa m`mawere, mulibe zoletsa.

Madzi amadzimadzi okalamba amachepa. Mukamazindikira mlingo, mphamvu za shuga zimawerengedwa.

Novorapid ikaphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala ena okhudzana ndi matenda ashuga, shuga amawunika nthawi zonse kuti apewe matenda a hypoglycemia. Pankhani yakuphwanya impso, pituitary gland, chiwindi, chithokomiro, pamafunika kusankha mosamala ndikusintha mlingo wa mankhwalawo.

Kudya kwambiri popanda chakudya kungayambitse vuto. Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika kwa Novorapid, kungochoka mwadzidzidzi kungayambitse ketoacidosis kapena hyperglycemia. Posintha nthawi, wodwalayo angafunikire kusintha nthawi yomwe amwe mankhwalawo.

Musanafike paulendo wokonzekera, muyenera kufunsa dokotala. Mu matenda opatsirana, ophatikizana, kufunikira kwa wodwala kusintha kwamankhwala. Muzochitika izi, kusintha kwa mlingo kumachitika. Mukasamutsa kuchokera ku homoni ina, mosakayikira muyenera kusintha mtundu uliwonse wa mankhwala opatsirana.

Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ngati ma cartridge atawonongeka, pakuzizira, kapena njira itakhala yamitambo.

Zotsatira zoyipa ndi bongo

Chotsatira chosafunikira pambuyo pake ndi hypoglycemia. Kusintha kwakanthawi kochepa kumatha kuchitika m'dera la jakisoni - kupweteka, kufupika, kufinya pang'ono, kutupa, kutupa, kuyabwa.

Zochitika zotsatirazi zingachitike mu nthawi ya makonzedwe:

matupi awo sagwirizana,
anaphylaxis,
zotumphukira neuropathies,
uritisaria, zotupa, mavuto,
kusokonezeka kwa magazi kumtunda kwa retina,
lipodystrophy.

Ndi kukokomeza kwa mlingo, hypoglycemia yamatenda osiyanasiyana ikhoza kuchitika. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo pang'ono amatha kuthetsedwa popanda kutenga 25 g shuga. Ngakhale mlingo woyenera wa mankhwalawo nthawi zina umayambitsa hypoglycemia. Odwala ayenera kunyamula glucose nthawi zonse nawo.

Woopsa milandu, wodwalayo jekeseni ndi glucagon intramuscularly. Ngati thupi sililabadira mankhwalawo pakatha mphindi 10, ndiye kuti shuga amaperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha. Kwa maola angapo, wodwalayo amayang'aniridwa kuti apewe kachiwiri. Ngati ndi kotheka, wodwalayo amapita kuchipatala.

Kuchita ndi mankhwala ena ndi analogi

Zotsatira za Novorapid zimatha kuchepa kapena kuwonjezeka motsogozedwa ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kusakaniza Aspart ndi mankhwala ena. Ngati sizotheka kuletsa mankhwala ena omwe si a shuga, muyenera kudziwitsa dokotala. Zikatero, mlingo umasinthidwa ndikuwunikira kuwunika kwa zizindikiro za shuga kumachitika.

Kuwonongeka kwa insulin kumachitika chifukwa cha mankhwala okhala ndi sulfites ndi thiols. Mphamvu ya Novorapid imapangidwira ndi antidiabetesic agents, ketoconazole, kukonzekera komwe kumakhala ndi ethanol, mahomoni aamuna, fibrate, tetracyclines, ndi kukonzekera kwa lifiyamu. Walephera chifukwa - nikotini, antidepressants, kulera, adrenaline, glucocorticosteroids, heparin, glucagon, antipsychotic mankhwala, okodzetsa, Danazole.

Akaphatikizidwa ndi thiazolidinediones, kulephera kwamtima kumatha kukula. Mavuto amawonjezereka ngati pali chiyembekezo cha matendawa. Ndi mankhwala onse, wodwalayo amayang'aniridwa ndi achipatala. Mtima ukayamba kulipa, mankhwalawo amachotsedwa.

Mowa ungasinthe zotsatira za Novorapid - kuonjezera kapena kuchepetsa mphamvu yochepetsera shuga ya Aspart. Ndikofunikira kupewa mowa pochiritsa mahomoni.

Mankhwala ofanana omwe ali ndi chinthu chomwecho ndi mfundo zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito zimaphatikizapo Novomix Penfil.

Actrapid Hm, Vosulin-R, Insuvit N, Gensulin R, Insugen R, Insuman Rapid, Insular Aktiv, Rinsulin R, Humodar R, Farmasulin, Humulin amatchulidwa kukonzekera komwe kuli mtundu wina wa insulin.

Mankhwala omwe ali ndi insulin ya nyama ndi Monodar.

Phunziro la kanema wa syringe:

Maganizo a odwala

Kuchokera pa ndemanga za anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe adagwiritsa ntchito insorapid insulin, titha kunena kuti mankhwalawa amadziwika bwino komanso amachepetsa shuga msanga, koma pamakhalanso mtengo wokwanira.

Mankhwalawa amachititsa moyo wanga kukhala wosavuta. Amachepetsa shuga mwachangu, samayambitsa mavuto, zokhwasula-khwasula ndizotheka ndi izo. Mtengo wokha ndiwokwera kuposa wa mankhwala ofananawo.

Antonina, wazaka 37, Ufa

Dotolo adamupangira chithandizo cha Novorapid limodzi ndi insulin "yayitali", yomwe imapangitsa shuga kukhala yabwinobwino kwa tsiku limodzi. Njira yovomerezeka imathandizira kudya panthawi yosakonzekera chakudya, imachepetsa shuga nditatha kudya. Novorapid ndi insulin wabwino wofatsa. Ma cholembera osavuta kwambiri, osafunikira syringes.

Tamara Semenovna, wazaka 56, Moscow

Mankhwala omwe mumalandira.

Mtengo wa Novorapid Flekspen (mayunitsi 100 / ml mu 3 ml) ndi pafupifupi ma ruble 2270.

Insulin Novorapid ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi kufupikitsa kwa hypoglycemic. Ilinso ndiubwino kuposa njira zina zofananira. Chiwopsezo cha kukhala ndi hypoglycemia sichachilendo kusiyana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mahomoni aumunthu. Cholembera cha syringe monga gawo lamankhwala chimapereka kugwiritsidwa ntchito kosavuta.

Kufotokozera kwa mahomoni

Transparent colorless solution.

NovoRapid ndi analogue yaifupi ya insulin ya anthu. Chosakaniza chophatikizacho ndi insulin Aspart.

Mankhwalawa amapangidwa ndi kupanga ma genetic, m'malo mwa proline ndi aspartic amino acid. Izi sizimalola mapangidwe a hexamers, timadzi timadzi timadzi timitengo iti tomwe timatulutsa mafuta ambiri.

Ikuwonetsa momwe zimakhalira pakadutsa mphindi 10 mpaka 20, zotsatira zake sizikhala motalikirapo ndi insulin wamba, maola 4 okha.

Zotsatira za pharmacological

NovoRapid imawoneka ngati yankho lopanda mtundu. 1 ml ili ndi mayunitsi 100 (3.5 mg) a insulin Aspart. Zotsatira zake kwachilengedwe zimakhazikitsidwa chifukwa cha mgwirizano wa mahomoni ndi ma membrane a cell membrane. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale michere yayikulu:

Hexokinase.
Pyruvate kinase.
Glycogen synthases.

Amagwira nawo kagayidwe ka glucose, amathandizira kuthamanga kwa magwiritsidwe ake ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa magazi m'magazi. Imaperekedwanso ndi njira zotsatirazi:

Anawonjezera lipogenesis.
Kukondoweza kwa glycogenogeneis.
Kuthamanga kugwiritsa ntchito minofu.
Kuletsa kwa kaphatikizidwe ka shuga m'magazi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito NovoRapid kokha sikutheka, imayendetsedwa ku Levemir, yomwe imawonetsetsa kuti insulin ikukhazikika pakati pa chakudya.

Kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi zamankhwala a flekspennogo mankhwala adawonetsa kuti akuluakulu, mwayi wa hypoglycemia usiku umachepetsedwa poyerekeza ndi insulin yachikhalidwe. Mankhwalawa adakwaniritsidwa pokhalabe ndi matenda a typoglycemia mwa okalamba omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 komanso akapatsidwa ana.

Mwa azimayi omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 omwe adapezeka kuti ali ndi pakati, sizikhudza mwana wosabadwa kapena mayeso. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa NovoRapid Flekspen insulin pochiza matenda ashuga (omwe adapezeka koyamba panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati) akhoza kupititsa patsogolo kuwongolera msana wa glycemia mukatha kudya.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zochita za insulort insulin ndizamphamvu kwambiri kuposa zamasiku onse. Mwachitsanzo, 1 Unit NovoRapida imakhala yolimba nthawi 1.5 kuposa insulin. Chifukwa chake, mlingo uyenera kuchepetsedwa pakayendetsedwe kamodzi.

Gulu la Nosological (ICD-10)

Ma insulini othamanga kwambiri amaphatikizapo Apidra (Glulisin), NovoRapid (Aspart), Humalog (Lizpro). Mankhwalawa amapangidwa ndi makampani atatu omwe amapikisana nawo. Insulin yachilendo yaumunthu ndiyofupikitsa, ndipo yocheperako ndiyifupi, ndiyo, yomwe imapangidwa bwino poyerekeza ndi insulin yeniyeni ya anthu.

Chomwe chimapangidwira ndikuti mankhwalawa opita mwachangu amachepetsa kwambiri shuga kuposa ochepa. Zotsatira zimachitika mphindi 5-15 pambuyo pa kubayidwa. Ma insulin a Ultrashort adapangidwa kuti azitha kuthandiza anthu odwala matenda ashuga nthawi ndi nthawi kuti azidya zakudya zam'mimba.

Koma izi sizinakwaniritse. Mulimonsemo, chakudya chopatsa mphamvu zimachulukitsa shuga mwachangu kuposa momwe insulin yamakono yochepa kwambiri ingapangitsire.

Ngakhale pakhale mitundu yatsopano ya insulin pamsika wamafuta, kufunikira kwa zakudya zamagulu ochepa a shuga kumakhalabe kofunikira. Iyi ndi njira yokhayo yopewera zovuta zazikulu zomwe zimabweretsa matenda obisika.

Kwa odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu 1 ndi 2, kutsatira zakudya zamagulu ochepa, anthu a insulin omwe amawoneka kuti ndi abwino kwambiri jakisoni asanadye, m'malo mwa mayeso a ultrashort. Izi ndichifukwa choti thupi la wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, kudya zakudya zochepa, amayamba kupukusa mapuloteni, ndipo mbali ina imasandulika kukhala glucose.

Izi zimachitika pang'onopang'ono, ndipo zochita za ultrashort insulin, m'malo mwake, zimachitika mwachangu kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, ingogwiritsani ntchito insulin yochepa. Insulin yodula iyenera kukhala mphindi 40-45 musanadye.

Ngakhale zili choncho, ma insulini othamanga kwambiri amathanso kukhala othandiza kwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe amaletsa kudya zakudya zamagulu. Ngati wodwala adziwona shuga wambiri pakudya glucometer, pamenepa ma insulin amathandiza kwambiri.

Ultrashort insulin imatha kukhala yothandiza musanadye chakudya m odyera kapena paulendo pomwe sipangakhale njira yodikirira mphindi 40-45.

Zofunika! Ma insulin afupiafupi amayenda mwachangu kwambiri kuposa afupikitsafupi. Pankhaniyi, Mlingo wa ultrashort analogs wa mahomoni ayenera kutsika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi Mlingo wa insulin yochepa ya anthu.

Kuphatikiza apo, mayesero azachipatala adawonetsa kuti zotsatira za Humalog zimayamba mphindi 5 kale kuposa momwe mumagwiritsira ntchito Apidra kapena Novo Rapid.

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa Novorapid pa nthawi yoyembekezera komanso mkaka wa m`mawere

Monga mankhwala ena onse ofanana, insulin Novorapid yokhala yochepa kwambiri imakhala yopanda vuto lililonse panthawi iliyonse yomwe mayi ali ndi pakati komanso isanachitike, yomwe idatsimikiziridwa mwasayansi mwakuwunikira mayesero mazana ambiri omwe amachitika muzipatala.

Nthawi yomweyo, mayi yemwe wakumana ndi matenda ashuga amayenera kuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi asanakhale ndi pakati, ndipo makamaka pakataya, chifukwa hyperglycemia kapena hypoglycemia imatha kudzetsa vuto la kubereka kwa mwana wosabadwayo kapena, nthawi zina, kumwalira kwake.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kufunikira kwa Novorapid mwa amayi apakati kumachepetsedwa pang'ono mu trimester yoyamba, koma panthawi yachiwiri ndi yachitatu ya trimesters imakula pang'onopang'ono. Komabe, mwana akangobadwa kumene, kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa insulin kumabwereranso ku chizolowezi, kupatula kuti kusintha kochepa kuchokera kwa dokotala kungakhale kofunikira.

Zimangowonjezeranso kuti Novorapid ndiyovomerezeka kuti iyambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yoyamwitsa, popanda chowopseza thanzi la mwana.

Mofulumira komanso mankhwala a insulin

Ultrashort insulin imayamba kugwira ntchito yake kale kwambiri kuposa momwe thupi la munthu limayambira ndikusunga mapuloteni, ena omwe amasinthidwa kukhala glucose. Chifukwa chake, ngati wodwala amatsata zakudya zama carb ochepa, insulin yochepa, yoyendetsedwa musanadye, ndibwino kuposa:

Kuthira insulin mwachangu imayenera kuperekedwa kwa mphindi 40-45 chakudya chisanafike. Nthawi ino ndi yodziwika, ndipo kwa wodwala aliyense imakhazikitsidwa chimodzimodzi. Kutalika kwa zochitika zazifupi ma insulin pafupifupi maola asanu. Ndi nthawi imeneyi kuti thupi la munthu lifunika kugaya chakudya kwathunthu.

Ultrashort insulin imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosayembekezereka pamene shuga yotsitsidwa imafulumira kwambiri. Mavuto a shuga amakula munthawi yomwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumawonjezeka, motero ndikofunikira kuti achepetse ngati pakukula. Ndipo pankhaniyi, mahomoni a ultrashort amachita bwino.

Ngati wodwala akudwala matenda a shuga "osapepuka" (shuga amawoneka yekha ndipo zimachitika mwachangu), jakisoni wowonjezera wa insulin pamenepa safunika. Izi ndizotheka ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri.

Kuyanjana kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Mphamvu ya hypoglycemic yopangidwa ndi insulin aspart imatha kufooka kapena kuwonjezeka malinga ndi mankhwalawa omwe Novorapid amaphatikizidwa. Choncho, amaika shuga kutsitsa mu ashuga zidzachitika pamene ntchito odwala Mao zoletsa ndi Ace zoletsa wa anhydrase carbonic, beta-blockers, bromocriptine, sulfonamides, anabolic mankhwala, tetracycline, clofibrate, ketoconazole, mebendazole, pyridoxine, theophylline, cyclophosphamide, fenfluramine.

Pali mankhwala angapo omwe amakhudza kufunika kwa insulin.

Hypoglycemic zotsatira za insulin patsogolo m'kamwa wothandizila hypoglycemic, zoletsa monoamine oxidase, zoletsa Ace, carbonic zoletsa anhydrase, kusankha beta-blockers, bromocriptine, sulfonamides, anabolic mankhwala, tetracyclines, klofiorat, ketoconazole, mebendazole, pyridoxine, theophylline, cyclophosphamide, fenfluramine, lifiyamu, mankhwala, yokhala ndi Mowa.

Malangizo kwa wodwala

Kuti mudziwe insulin yabwino kwambiri kwa wodwala winawake, ndikofunikira kusankha mankhwala oyambira. Pofuna kutsimikizira kupanga basal, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kwa insulin yayitali. Tsopano makampani opanga mankhwala amapanga mitundu iwiri ya insulin:

nthawi yayitali, kugwira ntchito mpaka maola 17. Mankhwalawa akuphatikizapo Biosulin, Insuman, Gensulin, Protafan, Humulin.
nthawi yayitali kwambiri, zotsatira zawo zimakhala mpaka maola 30. Awa ndi: Levemir, Tresiba, Lantus.

Ndalama za insulini Lantus ndi Levemir ali ndi kusiyana kwakukulu kwa insulini zina. Kusiyana kwake ndikuti mankhwalawa ndiwowonekera bwino ndipo ali ndi nthawi yayitali yogwira wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Mtundu woyamba wa insulin uli ndi tint yoyera komanso mtundu wina wamafinya, chifukwa chake mankhwalawo amayenera kugwedezeka musanagwiritse ntchito.

Pogwiritsa ntchito mahomoni a nthawi yayitali, nthawi zapamwamba zimatha kuwonedwa mu kupsinjika kwawo. Malangizo a mtundu wachiwiri alibe chochitika ichi.

Mlingo wa kukonzekera kwa insulin yayitali kuyenera kusankhidwa kuti mankhwalawa athetse shuga m'magawo azakudya panthawi yovomerezeka.

Chifukwa chofunikira kuti muchepetse kuyamwa pang'onopang'ono, insulin yayitali imathandizidwa pansi pa khungu la ntchafu kapena matako. Mwachidule - pamimba kapena mikono.

Jakisoni woyamba wa insulin yayitali amachitika usiku ndi miyeso ya shuga yotengedwa maola atatu aliwonse. Pofuna kusintha kwakukulu kuzowonetsa glucose, kusintha kwa mankhwalawa kumapangidwa. Kuti mudziwe zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonjezeka kwa glucose mosakhalitsa, ndikofunikira kuti muphunzire nthawi yayitali pakati pa 00.00 ndi 03.00. Ndi kuchepa kwa magwiridwe, mlingo wa insulin usiku uyenera kuchepetsedwa.

Molondola kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa insulin kofunikira kungadziwike pokhapokha ngati pali shuga komanso chifuwa chachikulu cha insulin m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, popenda insulin ya usiku, muyenera kukana chakudya chamadzulo.

Kuti mupeze chithunzi chothandiza kwambiri, simuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito insulin yochepa, simuyenera kudya mapuloteni kapena zakudya zamafuta

Kuti mudziwe masamba a basal masana, muyenera kuchotsa chakudya chimodzi kapena kudya tsiku lonse. Miyeso imapangidwa ola lililonse.

Pafupifupi insulin zonse zazitali zimaperekedwa kamodzi pa maola 12 aliwonse. Lantus yekha samataya mphamvu zake tsiku lonse.

Musaiwale kuti mitundu yonse ya insulini, kuphatikiza Lantus ndi Levemir, ili ndi katulutsidwe kabwino. Mphindi yayitali kwambiri ya mankhwalawa imachitika patatha maola 6-8 kuchokera nthawi ya makonzedwe. M'mawola awa, kutsika kwa shuga kumachitika, komwe kumakonzedwa ndikudya magawo a mkate.

Malingaliro oterowo ayenera kuchitidwa nthawi iliyonse akasinthidwa. Kuti mumvetsetse momwe shuga imakhalira mukupatsa mphamvu, kungoyesa masiku atatu ndikokwanira. Ndipo pokhapokha pazotsatira zomwe zapezeka, dokotala amatha kupereka mankhwala momveka bwino.

Kuti muwone mahomoni ofunikira masana ndikuwona mankhwala abwino, muyenera kudikirira maola asanu kuchokera nthawi yomwe mumamwa chakudya cham'mbuyomu. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe amagwiritsa ntchito insulin yochepa amayenera kupirira nthawi kuchokera maola 6.

Gulu lama insulin lalifupi limayimiriridwa ndi Gensulin, Humulin, Actrapid. Ma insulin a Ultrashort akuphatikizapo: Novorapid, Apidra, Humalog.

Ma mahormoni a Ultrashort amachita komanso amafupikitsa, koma adathetsa zoperewera zambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, chida ichi sichingathe kukhutiritsa kufunikira kwa insulin.

Sizotheka kupereka yankho lenileni ku funso loti insulin ndiyabwino kwambiri. Koma pazotsatira za dokotala, mutha kusankha mulingo woyenera wa basal ndi insulin yochepa.

Kuti mupeze chithandizo choyenera, mankhwalawa amaphatikizidwa ndi insulin yayitali. Pakukonzekera chithandizo, kuyang'anira shuga nthawi zonse kumachitika kuti glycemia ikhale m'manja mwake.

Novorapid imatha kuyambitsidwa osati mwa mawonekedwe a jakisoni wanzeru, komanso mu mawonekedwe a njira zobayira. Popeza mankhwalawa ndi othandizira, wodwala aliyense amawerengera aliyense payekha malinga ndi matenda omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga komanso zosowa zake.

Nthawi zambiri, mankhwalawa amaphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala ofanana omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali kapena yayitali, amawafikitsa kwa wodwala kamodzi kamodzi mkati mwa maola 24. Pofuna kusungiratu chiwopsezo cha glycemia, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti nthawi zonse muzipima shuga m'magazi a odwala matenda ashuga ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, sinthani mlingo wa insulin yomwe amalandira.

Mwambiri, akulu ndi ana amafunika kumwa kuchokera ku theka la IU tsiku lililonse, kutengera kilogalamu ya kulemera kwawo. Ngati Novorapid adalowetsedwa m'thupi musanadye, ndiye kuti imakhudza pafupifupi 60 - 70% ya zosowa za odwala matenda ashuga, pomwe zotsalazo zimalipiridwa ndi insulin yokhala nthawi yayitali.

Chifukwa chomwe mungasinthe mlingo

kusintha kwa zakudya wamba
matenda oyamba nawo
zolimbitsa thupi zosakonzekera, makamaka zochuluka,
othandizira opaleshoni.

Kugwiritsa ntchito momwe thupi limakhudzira mwachangu ndikuchita nthawi yocheperako (poyerekeza ndi insulin yaumunthu), Novorapid nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa kutumizidwa asanadye chakudya, ngakhale nthawi zina amaloledwa kuchita izi ngakhale chakudya chitatha. Apanso, chifukwa chakufupika kwakanthawi, Novorapid sachepetsa chifukwa chotchedwa "nocturnal" hypoglycemia mu matenda ashuga.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mankhwalawa (komanso ma analogi ake ena) ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwambiri ngati tikulankhula za anthu achikulire omwe ali ndi vuto la chiwindi kapena matenda a impso. Muzochitika izi, ndikofunikira kuwongolera glycemia ndikusintha Mlingo wa aspartum payekha.

Ponena za ana, Novorapid ndi yabwino kwa iwo pomwe wodwalayo ayenera kuyamba mwachangu kukopa kwa insulin, makamaka, ngati zimakhala zovuta kuti mwanayo athe kupuma pang'ono pakati pa jakisoni ndi chakudya.

Kuphatikiza apo, kufunika kwa kusintha kwa mlingo wa Novorapid kumatha kupanga ngati vutoli lingafanane ndi mankhwala ena.

NovoRapid® Penfill® / FlexPen® ndi mndandanda wa insulin wothamanga. Mlingo wa NovoRapid® Penfill® / FlexPen ® umatsimikiziridwa ndi dokotala payekha, malinga ndi zosowa za wodwala.

Nthawi zambiri, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi nthawi yayitali kapena kukonzekera kwa insulini, omwe amaperekedwa kamodzi pa tsiku. Kuti mukwaniritse bwino kwambiri glycemic control, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikusintha mlingo wa insulin.

Mwachizolowezi, chofunikira cha tsiku ndi tsiku cha insulin mwa akulu ndi ana kuyambira 0,5 mpaka 1 U / kg. Mankhwala akaperekedwa musanadye, kufunikira kwa insulin kungaperekedwe ndi NovoRapid® Penfill® / FlexPen® ndi 50-70%, kufunika kwa insulin kumaperekedwa ndi insulin yayitali.

Kuchuluka kwa zochita zolimbitsa thupi kwa wodwala, kusintha kwa zakudya zomwe timakonda, kapena matenda okhudzana ndi zina zitha kuchititsa kusintha kwa mlingo.

NovoRapid ® Penfill ® / FlexPen ® imayamba mwachangu komanso yofupikitsa nthawi kuposa kusintha kwa insulin yamunthu. Chifukwa cha kuyambika mwachangu, NovoRapid® Penfill® / FlexPen® iyenera kuyendetsedwa, ngati lamulo, nthawi yomweyo chakudya chisanachitike, ndipo ngati kuli koyenera, chitha kuperekedweratu chakudya chisanafike.

Chifukwa chakufupika kwakanthawi poyerekeza ndi insulin yaumunthu, chiopsezo chokhala ndi nocturnal hypoglycemia mwa odwala omwe amalandila NovoRapid® Penfill® / FlexPen ® ndi yotsika.

Magulu apadera a odwala. Monga momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito pokonzekera insulin ina, mwa okalamba odwala ndi odwala aimpso kapena a hepatic insuffidence, magazi a shuga ayenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala kwambiri komanso mlingo wa aspart aspart payekha.

Ana ndi achinyamata. Kugwiritsa ntchito NovoRapid® Penfill® / FlexPen ® m'malo mwa sungunuka wa munthu m'magazi mwa ana ndikofunikira pakakhala koyenera kuti ayambe kuchitapo kanthu, mwachitsanzo, ngati zimavuta kuti mwana athe kupeza nthawi yayitali pakati pa jakisoni ndi zakudya.

Chotsani kuchokera kukonzekera kwina kwa insulin. Mukasamutsa wodwala kuchokera ku kukonzekera kwina kwa insulin kupita ku NovoRapid® Penfill® / FlexPen ®, kusintha kwa NovoRapid® Penfill® / FlexPen ® ndi basulin insulin kungafunike.

NovoRapid® Penfill® / FlexPen® imayendetsedwa mosadukiza m'chigawo cha khoma lachiberekero lam'mimba, ntchafu, phewa, deltoid kapena gluteal dera. Mawebusayiti omwe ali mkati mwa thupi limodzi amayenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi kuti muchepetse chiwopsezo cha lipodystrophy.

Monga kukonzekera konse kwa insulin, kuyika kwina kwa khoma lakunja kumapereka kuyamwa mwachangu poyerekeza ndi kayendetsedwe ka malo ena. Kutalika kwa zochita zimatengera mlingo, malo oyendetsera, kutsika kwa magazi, kutentha ndi kuchuluka kwa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi.

Komabe, kuyambitsa mwachangu poyerekeza ndi insulin ya anthu sungunuka mosasamala malo omwe jakisoniyo anali.

NovoRapid ® ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma subulinane a insulin infusions (PPII) m'mapampu a insulin omwe amapangidwira insulin infusions. FDI iyenera kupangidwa khoma lakunja kwam'mimba. Malo olowetsedwa amayenera kusinthidwa nthawi ndi nthawi.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito pampu ya kulowetsedwa kwa insulin, NovoRapid® sayenera kusakanikirana ndi mitundu ina ya insulin.

Odwala omwe akugwiritsa ntchito FDI ayenera kuphunzitsidwa bwino kugwiritsa ntchito pampu, chosungira choyenera, ndi dongosolo la ma pump pump. The kulowetsedwa set (chubu ndi catheter) ziyenera m'malo mwa wogwiritsa buku malangizo ophatikizidwa ndi kulowetsedwa.

Odwala omwe amalandila NovoRapid ® ndi FDI ayenera kukhala ndi insulini yowonjezera kuti ikwaniritse kulowetsedwa.

Mu / m'mawu oyamba. Ngati ndi kotheka, NovoRapid ® ikhoza kutumikiridwa ndi iv, koma kokha ndi akatswiri azachipatala oyenerera.

Pakupanga kwamitsempha, makonzedwe a kulowetsedwa ndi NovoRapid® 100 IU / ml amagwiritsidwa ntchito poikapo 0.05 mpaka 1 IU / ml insulin aspart mu 0.9% sodium chloride solution, 5 kapena 10% dextrose solution yokhala ndi 40 mmol / l potaziyamu mankhwala ena ogwiritsa ntchito polypropylene kulowetsedwa muli.

Njira zoterezi ndizokhazikika pamtunda wa kutentha kwa maola 24. Ngakhale kukhazikika kwakanthawi, chiwopsezo china cha insulin choyambirira chimatengedwa ndi zinthu zam'kati mwa kulowetsedwa.

Pa insulin infusions, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Osagwiritsa ntchito NovoRapid® Penfill® / NovoRapid® FlexPen ®

- chifukwa cha ziwopsezo (hypersensitivity) kuti insulin aspart kapena chinthu chilichonse cha NovoRapid® Penfill® / NovoRapid® FlexPen ®,

- ngati wodwala ayamba hypoglycemia (shuga wochepa wamagazi),

- ngati cartridge kapena dongosolo la insulini yoyikiratu ndi cartridge / FlexPen ® ichotsedwa kapena cartridge / FlexPen® iwonongeka kapena kuphwanyidwa,

- ngati malo osungiramo mankhwalawo adaphwanyidwa kapena ndiuma;

- ngati insulini yasiya kukhala yowonekera komanso yopanda utoto.

Musanagwiritse ntchito NovoRapid® Penfill® / NovoRapid® FlexPen ®

- Chongani chizindikiro kuti muwonetsetse kuti mtundu woyenera wa insulin ndi wosankhidwa.

- Nthawi zonse onani cartridge, kuphatikizapo pisitoni ya mphira. Osagwiritsa ntchito cartridge ngati ili ndi zowonongeka kapena kuwonekera pakati pa piston ndi Mzere Woyera pa cartridge. Kuti mupeze malangizo owonjezereka, onani malangizo omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa kayendetsedwe ka insulin.

- Nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito singano yatsopano pa jekeseni iliyonse popewa matenda.

- NovoRapid® Penfill® / NovoRapid® FlexPen® ndi singano ndizongogwiritsa ntchito nokha.

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito

Angati magawo a hormone ya fleksponny ndiyofunikira, adokotala amasankha payekhapayekha. Kuchuluka kwa insulini kotani kumawerengeredwa potengera kuti munthu amafunikira theka kapena gawo limodzi pa kilogalamu ya kulemera patsiku. Chithandizo chimagwirizana ndi zakudya. Nthawi yomweyo, mahashoni a ultrashort amaphimba mpaka 70% ya zofunikira za mahomoni, 30% yotsalayo imakutidwa ndi insulin yayitali.

Penofill insulin NovoRapid imayendetsedwa kwa mphindi 10-15 musanadye. Ngati jakisoni adaphonya, ndiye kuti akhoza kulowetsedwa osachedwa mukatha kudya. Kuchuluka kwazinthu zambiri kumadalira malo a jakisoni, kuchuluka kwa magawo a mahomoni m'thupi, zochita zolimbitsa thupi ndi mafuta omwe amatengedwa.

Malinga ndi zomwe zikuwonetsa, mankhwalawa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mobala. Pampu ya insulin (pampu) imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pakukhazikitsa. Ndi chithandizo chake, timadzi timene timayendetsedwa kwa nthawi yayitali pansi pa khungu la khoma lamkati lakumbuyo, nthawi ndi nthawi kusintha magawo a jekeseni. Ndikosatheka kusungunuka mukukonzekera kwina kwa mahomoni a kapamba.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito intravenous, yankho limatengedwa lomwe limakhala ndi insulini mpaka 100 U / ml, kuchepetsedwa mu 0,9% sodium chloride, 5% kapena 10% dextrose. Panthawi ya kulowetsedwa, amawongolera shuga.

NovoRapid imapezeka mu cholembera cha Flekspen syringe ndi ma cartridge a Penfill m'malo mwake. Cholembera chimodzi chimakhala ndi mayunitsi 300 am'madzi mu 3 ml. Syringe imagwiritsidwa ntchito payekha.

matenda ashuga
zochitika zadzidzidzi kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, limodzi ndi kuphwanya kwa glycemic control.

Pakuwongolera kwa iv, makina obayira omwe ali ndi Actrapid NM 100 IU / ml amagwiritsidwa ntchito poika zinthu kuchokera ku 0,05 IU / ml mpaka 1 IU / ml ya insulin yaumunthu mu mayankho a kulowetsedwa, monga 0,9% sodium chloride solution, 5% ndi 10 % yankho la dextrose, kuphatikiza potaziyamu wa potaziyamu 40 mgol / l, machitidwe oyendetsera iv amawagwiritsa ntchito matumba ophatikizira opangidwa ndi polypropylene, zothetsera izi zimakhazikika kwa maola 24 kutentha kwa chipinda.

Ngakhale mavutowa amakhala okhazikika kwakanthawi, poyambira, kuyamwa kwa insulini kumadziwika ndi zinthu zomwe chikwama cha kulowetsamo chimapangidwira. Pa kulowetsedwa, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito Actrapid NM, omwe ayenera kuperekedwa kwa wodwala.

Mbale zokhala ndi mankhwala a Actrapid NM zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi ma insulin, pomwe muyeso umayikidwa, womwe umakulolani kuyeza muyeso mu magawo a ntchito. Mbale zokhala ndi Actrapid NM zimapangidwira anthu okha.

Musanagwiritse ntchito Actrapid ® NM, ndikofunikira: Yang'anirani cholembera kuti muwonetsetse kuti mtundu woyenera wa insulini wasankhidwa, tengani mankhwala oyimitsa ndi mphira wa thonje.

Mankhwala a Actrapid ® NM sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zotsatirazi:

mapampu a insulin,
ndikofunikira kuti odwala afotokoze kuti ngati pa botolo latsopano, lomwe langolandidwa kumene kuchokera ku mankhwala, palibe chipewa choteteza kapena sichingagwirizane mwamphamvu - insulin yotere iyenera kubwezeretsedwa ku pharmacy,
ngati insulin sinasungidwe bwino, kapena ngati yauma.
ngati insulin simulinso wowonekera komanso wopanda khungu.

achina,
Hypersensitivity kwa insulin ya anthu kapena chilichonse chomwe ndi gawo la mankhwalawa.

Ndi kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi, kufunika kwa insulin kumachepa.

Ndi kuwonongeka kwa impso, kufunika kwa insulin kumachepa.

Insulin yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi Actrapid pochiza matenda a shuga 1. Anthu omwe amafunikira kupaka jakisoni pafupipafupi kangapo patsiku amatha kuphatikiza mankhwalawa ndi ena.

Insulin yongokhala ngati imeneyi imaperekedwa musanadye, koma siwokhawo omwe amapereka. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito insulin yayitali 1-2 patsiku, yomwe imayang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga tsiku lonse, ngakhale zakudya.

Mankhwalawa nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a shuga a 2, koma malinga ndi malangizo a dokotala. Izi zimachitika ngati thupi la wodwala sililandira chithandizo cha hypoglycemic mapiritsi. Kuphatikiza apo, m'magulu ena a odwala, njira yothandizira mankhwalawa ndi yotetezeka, mwachitsanzo, panthawi yoyembekezera komanso mkaka wa m'mawere.

Actrapid amayamba kuchita pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa chake amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwadzidzidzi pakafunikira kuthamangitsa shuga. Izi ndizofunikira, mwachitsanzo, ndi ketoacidosis kapena musanachite opareshoni.

Ndi madokotala okhawo omwe angadziwe kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawo komanso kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa. Zimatengera kuchuluka kwa kagayidwe kazakudya wodwala, kakhalidwe, kadyedwe kake ndi zofunika za insulin.

Pafupifupi, zosaposa 3 ml zimafunikira patsiku, koma chizindikirocho chimatha kukhala chachikulu mwa anthu onenepa kwambiri, panthawi yokhala ndi pakati kapena ngati chitetezo chazirala. Ngati kapamba amatulutsa insulin yaying'ono, iyenera kutumikiridwa muyezo yaying'ono.

Kufunika kwa insulini kumacheperanso matenda a chiwindi ndi impso.

Zingwe za "Actrapid" zimachitika katatu patsiku. Ngati ndi kotheka, mutha kuwonjezera njira yogwiritsira ntchito mpaka nthawi 5-6. Hafu ya ola limodzi pambuyo pa jekeseni, muyenera kudya kapena osadya pang'ono.

Ndizotheka kusakaniza mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala omwe akhala akuchita kwa nthawi yayitali. Mwachitsanzo, kuphatikiza kumagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri: insulin "Actrapid" - "Protafan". Koma ndi dokotala yekhayo amene angasankhe mtundu wa glycemic control regimen. Ngati ndi kotheka, ikani ma insulini awiri nthawi imodzi omwe atengedwa mu syringe imodzi: woyamba - "Actrapid", kenako - insulin yayitali.

Zizindikiro zogwiritsidwa ntchito

Mankhwalawa amalembera:

SD 1 ya akulu ndi ana azaka ziwiri,
DM 2 yokana kukonzekera piritsi,
matenda oyamba nawo.

Contraindication kuti agwiritse ntchito:

ana osakwana zaka 2
ziwengo kwa mankhwala,
tsankho pamagawo a mankhwala.

Mankhwala wovomerezeka pakugwiritsira ntchito Novorapid, choyambirira ndi matenda a shuga a mellitus (mtundu 1), ndipo chachiwiri, omwe samadalira matenda a shuga mellitus (mtundu wachiwiri) ngati wodwala matenda ashuga apezeka kuti amatsutsana ndi matenda a hypoglycemic omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakamwa.

Ndipo, gulu la anthu omwe amatsutsana ndi mankhwalawa amaphatikizanso ana osaposa zaka ziwiri, komanso anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lodziwika bwino lomwe la chinthu chachikulu - katswidwe, kapena zosakaniza zina zomwe zimayambitsidwa ku Novorapid.

Matenda a shuga ndi akuluakulu, achinyamata ndi ana opitilira zaka 2.

kukulitsa chidwi cha munthu payekha kuti apange insulin kapena chilichonse chogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawo.

Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa NovoRapid® Penfill® / FlexPen® mwa ana osakwana zaka 2, chifukwa maphunziro azachipatala mwa ana osaposa zaka 2 sizinachitike.

Kuti mupeze NovoRapid, wodwala ayenera kupezeka:

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga.
Type 2 shuga mellitus ofuna kuphatikiza insulin ndi mapiritsi.
Matenda a shuga.

Mankhwalawa amachepetsa mosavuta shuga amayi oyembekezera, monga momwe zimatsimikizidwira ndi mayesero azachipatala.

Chithandizo chimaphatikizidwa ngati munthu ali ndi vuto la mankhwala, komanso ana osakwana zaka 2: Zoyeserera zamankhwala kwa ana aang'ono sizinachitike. Panthawi yoyamwitsa, iye samakhala ndi vuto kwa mwana, koma kuchuluka kwa mayunitsi kuyenera kusintha.

Odwala ena amadana ndi insulin yaumunthu. Nthawi zina thupi limagwidwa ndi zigawo zina za mankhwalawo.

Milandu iyi, insulin ina imayikidwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kumadziwikanso ngati pali hypoglycemia.

Chifukwa chake, isanayambike, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Simungagwiritse ntchito "Actrapid" wa khansa ya pancreatic - insuloma.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa sikuti kumawerengera ana, komanso amayi apakati.

Ultrashort insulin analogi ndi mtengo

NovoRapid ali ndi mawonekedwe amakono omwe ali ofanana ndi iwo mu kuchitapo ndi chitukuko cha zotsatira zake. Awa ndi mankhwala a Apidra ndi Humalog. Humalog imathamanga: 1 unit imagwira ntchito nthawi 2.5 mochulukirapo kuposa kuchuluka komweko kwa mahomoni ofupikirako. Mphamvu ya Apidra imayamba pa liwiro limodzimodzi ndi NovoRapida.

Mtengo wa zolembera za 5 Flexpen syringe ndi pafupi ma ruble 1930. Katoni yonyongedwa ya Penfill imakhala ndi ma ruble 1800. Mtengo wa analogues, womwe umapezekanso m'mapensulo a syringe, umakhala wofanana ndipo umachokera ku 1700 mpaka 1900 rubles muma pharmacies osiyanasiyana.

Kodi ndingagwiritse ntchito insulin mwa ana ndi amayi apakati?

Panthawi yomwe mayi akhoza kubereka komanso nthawi yonse yomwe akukhala, ndikofunikira kuti aziwunikira nthawi zonse odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo komanso kuwonetsetsa kuti shuga yatha. Palibe zambiri zachidziwitso pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa munthawi iliyonse, komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti pogwira ntchito komanso pambuyo pake, kufunika kwa gawo la mahomoni kumatha kuchepa. Pambuyo pobereka, kufunikira kwa insulin kumabweleranso pamlingo womwe unali usanakhale ndi pakati. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti:

insulin Novorapid Flekspen ndi Novorapid Penfill angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa mkaka wa m'mawere (yoyamwitsa),
kusintha kwa insulini kungafunike,
osavomerezeka kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito mwa ana ochepera zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi.

Zosungidwa zamankhwala

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusunga phukusi lotsekedwa mufiriji pamatenthedwe awiri kapena mpaka asanu ndi atatu. Ndiosafunika kusunga insulin moyandikana ndi mufiriji ndipo, koposa apo, kuti isungunuke mawonekedwe. Ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kugwiritsa ntchito chipewa chapadera kuti muteteze Novorapid insulin kuti isayerekezedwe ndi kuwala. Moyo wa alumali wa gawo la mahomoni ndi zaka ziwiri.

Sitikulimbikitsidwa kusunga zolembera zotseguka kale mu firiji. Ndizoyenera kuzigwiritsa ntchito mkati mwa mwezi umodzi kuyambira pomwe zimatsegulidwa ndipo zimasungidwa pamawonekedwe osapitilira 30 madigiri.

Kuchita ndi mankhwala ena

Mphamvu ya hypoglycemic ya gawo la mahomoni imatheka chifukwa cha mankhwala angapo. Polankhula za izi, amatanthauza mayina am'magazi a hypoglycemic, komanso MAO, ACE ndi carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Osasankha beta-blockers, bromocriptine, sulfonamides ndi anabolic steroids amakhala m'malo awo mndandanda. Tisaiwale za kuchuluka kwakukwera chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito Tetracycline, Ketoconazole, kukonzekera kwa lifiyamu ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi ethanol. Kutengera mawonekedwe a thupi, zomwe zimachitika mu mankhwala ena zimadziwika.

Mphamvu ya hypoglycemic ya Novorapid insulin imachepetsedwa ndi kulera kwapakamlomo, corticosteroids, ndi mahomoni a chithokomiro. Komanso m'ndandanda womwe ndi:

thiazide okodzeya,
heparin
mankhwala antidepressants,
amphanomachul
danazol ndi clonidine.

Mayina ofananawo akuyenera kuwonedwa ngati calcium blockers, diazoxide, nikotini ndi ena.

Mothandizidwa ndi Reserpine ndi salicylates, osati kufooka, komanso kuwonjezeka kwa chikoka cha gawo la mahomoni ndizotheka. Kusagwirizana kwa mankhwala kumatsimikiziridwa ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi thiol kapena sulfite. Izi ndichifukwa chakuti akaphatikizidwa ndi chinthu chamafuta, chimapangitsa chiwonongeko chake.

Mndandanda wa insulin Novorapid

Novorapid ali ndi ma analogi angapo omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo la mahomoni pazifukwa zina silinafanane ndi wodwalayo. Odziwika kwambiri ndi njira monga Apidra, Gensulin N, Humalog, komanso Novomiks ndi Rizodeg. Zonsezi ndi zamtundu womwewo.

Musanagwiritse ntchito chinthu chimodzi kapena china cha insulin, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi katswiri wa matenda ashuga ndikupeza mankhwala kuchokera kwa iye.