Chizolowezi cha shuga m'magazi, mwa akazi, mwa mibadwo

Lingaliro lofotokozedwa bwino lomwe ponena za shuga m'magazi limatanthauza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a anthu. Katundu wofunikayu amaonetsetsa kuti thupi lonse lizigwira ntchito. Komanso, shuga ndi wofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwa ubongo, yemwe samazindikira fanizo la chakudya.

Mbiriyakale ya mawuwa imachokera ku Middle Ages. M'masiku amenewo, madokotala adazindikira kuti pali shuga wambiri wamwazi pomwe wodwalayo amadandaula pakukodza pafupipafupi, ludzu ndi pustules.

Pambuyo pazaka zambiri, asayansi, chifukwa cha kafukufuku wambiri komanso kuyesa, anapeza kuti glucose imachita gawo lalikulu mu metabolism, mapangidwe ake omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa zovuta zam'mimba.

Kodi shuga imagwira ntchito yanji?

Glucose, shuga amakhala ngati gawo lalikulu lamphamvu yogwira ntchito mokwanira, minofu, makamaka maubongo. Pamenepo, m'mene magazi achilengedwe mthupi amatsika kwambiri pazifukwa zilizonse, mafuta amaphatikizidwa ndi ntchitoyi, omwe amayesa kuthandizira pa ntchito ya ziwalo. Pakusokonekera kwamafuta, matupi a ketone amapangidwa, zomwe zimayambitsa chiwopsezo chogwira ntchito yonse ya ziwalo zonse ndi ubongo.

Chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi cha matenda oterewa ndi ana omwe nthawi ya matendawa amakomoka komanso kufooka, komanso kusanza komanso kukomoka nthawi zambiri kumawonedwa. Mkhalidwe wa acetonemic uwu umawonekera chifukwa chakuti thupi laling'ono limakumana ndi kuperewera kwamphamvu kwa mphamvu yolimbana ndi matendawa, chifukwa chomwe limatenga michere yomwe imasowa chifukwa cha mafuta.

Glucose imalowa mthupi la munthu kudzera mu chakudya. Gawo lalikulu la thupilo limakhalabe m'chiwindi, ndikupanga chakudya chopatsa mphamvu cha glycogen. Panthawi yomwe thupi lifunika shuga, mahomoni amomwe amachititsa mankhwala amasintha glycogen kukhala glucose.

Momwe shuga amawonongeka

Kuti glucose ndi shuga wamagazi azikhala nthawi zonse, zizindikirazi zimayang'aniridwa ndi mahomoni apadera a pancreatic omwe amatchedwa insulin.

Zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimatha kuthana ndi shuga m'magazi:

• Kutsika kwa shuga m'magazi a kapamba, kupanga shuga kumayamba.
• Ma mahormone monga adrenaline ndi norepinephrine, omwe amapangidwa m'matumbo a adrenal, amawonjezera shuga.
• Glucocorticoids, mahomoni a chithokomiro omwe amapangidwa ndi ma adrenal gland, mahomoni omwe amawatcha omwe amapanga ubongo ndipo amathandizira kupanga adrenaline imathandizanso mwachindunji.
• Zinthu zokhala ngati mahormoni zimatha kukhala ndi vuto lofananalo.

Chifukwa chake, mahomoni angapo amakhudza kuwonjezeka kwa glucose wamagazi, pomwe amodzi okha amatha kutsitsa.

Kodi shuga ndi chiyani kwa abambo ndi amai

Mlingo wa glucose m'magazi sizitengera umunthu wa munthu, chifukwa chake, mwa akazi ndi amuna, zizindikiro ndizofanana.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa shuga kumatengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, chifukwa kwa maola khumi amaletsedwa kudya ndi kumwa. Komanso kugona mokwanira kumafunikira dzulo. Kukhalapo kwa matenda aliwonse opatsirana kumatha kugwira bwino ntchito pazotsatira zoyeserera, kotero magazi nthawi zambiri amatengedwa kuti apange shuga kuchokera kwa anthu athanzi lathunthu, kapena, monga chosawerengera, amawonetsa mkhalidwe wa thupi.

Kuwerengera kwa magazi kwa abwinobwino mwa akulu ndi 3.3-5,5 mmol / lita imodzi pamimba yopanda 7.8 mmol / lita imodzi mukatha kudya. Malinga ndi chiwembu china choyezera, zovomerezeka ndizofunikira 60-100 mg / dl.

M'magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha, kusala kudya ndi 4.0-6.1 mmol / lita. Ngati zotsatira zoyesedwa zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi opanda kanthu mpaka 66 mmol / lita, madokotala nthawi zambiri adzazindikira kuti ali ndi shuga. Mkhalidwe wamtunduwu umayambitsidwa chifukwa chophwanya sensulivity ndipo umafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala mpaka matenda atakula. Kuti mumvetse bwino matendawa, muyenera kuyesa mayeso a glucose.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa amuna kukupitirira kuposa 6.7 mmol / lita imodzi pamimba yopanda kanthu, madokotala amazindikira matenda a shuga. Kuti atsimikizire matendawa, wodwalayo amamuwonjezera mayeso owonjezera a shuga, amawunika magazi kuti athe kulolera glucose, ndikuyesa hemoglobin ya glycated. Matenda a shuga amapezeka ndi shuga wopanda kanthu m'mimba zopitilira 6.1 mmol / lita, shuga panthawi yoyeserera mayeso a 11.1 mmol lita, glycated hemoglobin woposa 5.7 peresenti.

Masiku ano, kuti mukayezetsedwe magazi, sikofunikira kufunsa achipatala. Kuti mupeze zolondola za kuchuluka kwa shuga kunyumba, pali zida zapadera - glucometer.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mita kunyumba

Musanagwiritse ntchito chipangizochi, werengani malangizowo mu malangizowo.

1. Kusanthula kumachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu, chifukwa chake, maola 10 musanaye muyeso womwe simungathe kumwa ndikudya.
2. Manja amasambitsidwa bwino m'madzi ofunda, pambuyo pake zala zamkati ndi mphete zimapindika ndikusisita ndi yankho la mowa ndi yankho.
3. Pogwiritsa ntchito chofiyira kumbali ya chala, muyenera kupanga kakang'ono polemba.
4. Dontho loyamba la magazi limapukutidwa ndi swab thonje, ndipo lachiwiri limalowetsedwa pamtengo woyezera, womwe umayikidwa mu mita.

Pambuyo pake, chipangizocho chimawerenga ndikuwonetsa zotsatira zake.

Kuyesedwa kwa Mayeso a shuga

Madzulo a mayeso, ndikofunikira kuchita kuyezetsa magazi kuti mupeze zotsatira. Pambuyo pake, 75 g ya shuga imasungunuka mu 200-300 g yamadzi ofunda ndipo njira yotsatirayo imamwa.

Patatha maola awiri, kuwunikira kwatsopano kumatengedwa kuchokera pachala, pomwe amaletsa kudya, kumwa, kusuta kapena kusuntha mwachangu pakati pa njirayi.

Kuleza mtima kumawonedwa ndikuphwanya ngati kuwerenga kwa glucose kosala kuli 7.8-11.1 mmol / lita. Pa misala yayikulu, matenda a shuga amapezeka.

Kodi chizindikiritso cha shuga ndichani pakati?

Mwa amayi apakati, thupi limakumana ndi chidwi chachikulu ndi insulin, yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi kufunika kopereka mphamvu kwa mayi ndi mwana. Pachifukwa ichi, shuga m'magazi nthawi imeneyi akhoza kukhala okwera pang'ono. Mtengo wabwinobwino ndi 3.8-5.8 mmol / lita imodzi pamimba yopanda kanthu. Pamitengo yapamwamba, kuyesedwa kwa glucose kumayikidwa kwa amayi apakati.

Pa nthawi ya pakati, ndikofunikira kukayezetsa magazi, kuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga ndikuwunika mwapadera kuthekera kotheka kuchoka ku chizolowezi.

Pa milungu 24-28 yoyembekezera, kukaniza kosagwirizana ndi insulin komwe kumatheka, komwe kumayambitsa matenda a shuga.

Pambuyo pobadwa kwa mwana, izi zimatha kudzipanga zokha, komabe, nthawi zina, ngati zingasiyidwe, zimayamba kukhala mtundu wa 2 shuga. Izi ndichifukwa choti mwa amayi apakati, kuchuluka kwa matupi a ketone m'magazi kumawonjezeka ndipo kuchuluka kwa amino acid kumatsika.

Popewa kukula kwa matendawa, ndikofunikira kutenga mayeso onse omwe adokotala adapereka. Kukhala maso makamaka kuyenera kuchitika ngati mayi woyembekezera ali ndi wonenepa kwambiri kapena ngati pali odwala matenda ashuga pakati pa abale.

Panthawi yovomerezeka, kupanga insulin kumawonjezera kumapeto kwa yachiwiri ndi yachitatu, komwe kumathandiza mayi ndi mwana kusungitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Mwambiri, Zizindikiro pa nthawi ya pakati zimatha kusinthanso ngati mayi ali wamkulu kuposa zaka 30 kapena mkazi akayamba kulemera msanga.

Zizindikiro zazikulu zomwe zikusonyeza kuti mayi woyembekezera atha kudwala matenda a shuga zitha kudziwika:

• Kuchulukitsa chilakolako
• Mavuto okoka nthawi zonse,
• Mkazi amakhala ndi ludzu pafupipafupi
• Mayi woyembekezera amakhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Pofuna kufotokoza bwino za matendawo, kuyezetsa magazi ndi mkodzo kumaperekedwa.

Popewa kukula kwa matendawa, mkazi ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa zakudya zomwe amadya. Ndikofunikira kupatula pachakudya chilichonse chomwe chili ndi chakudya chamagulu ochulukitsa - confectionery, zakudya zamafuta, zathunthu komanso mkaka womata, soseji, mafuta anyama, chokoleti ndi ayisikilimu, pazonsezi pali tebulo lolozera lazakudya lomwe limathandizira kukonza zakudya.

Komanso, kusamba kozizira kapena kusamba kosiyanako, komanso kulimbitsa thupi pang'ono kumathandizira kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito.

Kodi shuga ndi chiyani mwa ana

Mbali ya thupi la mwana ndi shuga wochepa wambiri wofika zaka ziwiri. Mwa ana osakwana miyezi 12, kusala kudya kwanthete magazi nthawi zambiri kumakhala 2.8-4.4 mmol / lita, mpaka zaka zisanu, 3.3-5.0 mmol / lita imadziwika kuti ndi yofala. Paukalamba, Zizindikiro ndizofanana ndi zomwe zimachitika mwa akulu.

Chiyeso chololera cha glucose chofunikira ngati kuchuluka kwa kusala kwa mwana kukwera mpaka 6.1 mmol / lita.

Matendawa amatha kukhazikika mwa ana ali ndi zaka zilizonse. Nthawi zambiri, zofunikira za matendawa zimawonekera nthawi yomwe akukula, mwana ali ndi zaka 6-10, komanso zaka zaunyamata. Zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonekera kwa matendawa mthupi la ana pakali pano sizimamveka bwino ndi mankhwala, koma mawonekedwe a shuga ayenera kuphunziridwa.

Nthawi zambiri, matenda ashuga amatha kupezeka mwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana, ndichifukwa chake ali ofunika kwambiri. Zakudya zopanda pake zimatha kubweretsa kuchuluka kwa glucose pamene zakudya za mwana zimakhala ndi chakudya chamagulu ambiri, ndipo palibe mafuta ndi protein yambiri. Izi zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa metabolic mthupi.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti matenda ashuga angatengedwe kuchokera kwa makolo kapena abale. Ngati makolo onse ali ndi nthendayi, chiopsezo chokhala ndi matendawa ndi 30 peresenti, ngati wina ali ndi matenda ashuga, 10%.

Ngati m'modzi wa mapasawo wapezeka ndi matenda a shuga, mwana wachiwiri amakhalanso pachiwopsezo, choopsa cha 50 peresenti.

Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso, kupsinjika kwamaganizidwe ndi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kunenepa kwambiri kwa mwana kungakhalenso chifukwa cha matenda ashuga.

Kodi shuga ndi chiyani?

Glucose ndi hydrocarbon yosavuta yomwe imabwera ndi chakudya. Pakudya, shuga, imagwera m'maselo osokoneza bongo, imagawika m'magulu osiyanasiyana am'magazi, omwe chachikulu ndi dextrose (aldohexose). Monosaccharide ndiyofunikira maselo ndi minyewa yamoyo wabwinobwino.

Glycemia ndi chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri zofunikira za thanzi la thupi. Yoyendetsedwa ndi insulin, mahomoni apachirengedwe. Pokhala ndi osakwanira, shuga wowonjezera amadziunjikira, zomwe zimakhudza mkhalidwe wamkati wamkati.

Ntchito za Glucose:

• amalimbitsa thupi
• imayendetsa kagayidwe
• Pokhala michere, imathandizira kulimba kwakhama polemedwa kwambiri,
• amene amayambitsa kuyankha msanga kwa ubongo ku zochitika zosayembekezereka,
• Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a chiwindi, matenda ndi kuledzera kwa thupi,
• Kulimbana chifuwa, kumathandiza kuchotsa phlegm m'mapapu,
• kumadyetsa maselo muubongo
• kuthetsa kuthetsa njala,
• amathetsa kupsinjika, kuchuluka kwa mankhusu, kukhumudwa,
• Zimasintha magwiridwe antchito am'mutu komanso mthupi.

Chipinda cha shuga m'magazi

Muyezo wamagulu a shuga mwa amuna ndi akazi, monga akazi ku Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, amayeza mu mmol / l. Amawerengeredwa ndi kuchuluka kwa kulemera kwa hexose molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa magazi. Manambala omwe amapezeka posanthula zamadzimadzi a venous ndi capillary ndi osiyana pang'ono.

Kwa oyamba, ali okwanira 10-12% kutengera mawonekedwe a thupi la munthu. M'mayiko ena, glycemia amatanthauzidwa ngati gawo la milligram: mg% (mg / dl). Kusintha kupita ku mmol / l. ziwonetsero zakunja ziyenera kuchulukitsidwa ndi 18.

Chifukwa chake muyenera kudziwa shuga

Mulingo wa shuga m'magazi ndi chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri zomwe zimatsimikizira kayendedwe ka thupi. Kuchuluka kwa glycemia kumapangitsa kuti athe kuyesa mkhalidwe waumoyo, mtima, endocrine ndi mantha. Amayi mu nthawi ya kusintha kwa mahomoni amayenera kuyang'anitsitsa chizindikiro cha dextrose.

Kusinthasintha kocheperako kungayambitse kusowa kwa chithokomiro, kusokonezeka kwa metabolic. Pofika zaka 41, chifukwa amuna ndi akazi onse amawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi "matenda okoma". Ukalamba, thupi limachepetsa kupanga insulin yachilengedwe, kuleka kupirira shuga yomwe imachokera kunja.

Kuchulukana kumachuluka pang'onopang'ono, kupatsa mphamvu kagayidwe kazakudya, kamene sikangathe kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu. Kuwongolera glucose ndizofunikira makamaka kwa anthu onenepa kwambiri, omwe ali ndi vuto la kubadwa kwa glycemia, kukhala moyo wokhazikika.

Zomwe shuga zimatengera

Mtengo wa monosaccharide wopezeka mthupi umadalira mwachindunji:

• Chakudya chomwe chidatha. Zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi zowonjezera zamafuta, utoto, mafuta am'mimba, mafuta ochulukirapo zimathandizira kuwonjezeka kwa shuga. Zomwezi zitha kunenedwa za confectionery, ndi mandimu.
• Zakudya Omwe amadya zakudya zama carb ochepa amalandila dextrose wocheperako kuposa momwe amafunikira kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito bwino.
• Masewera, masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ochita masewera amakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, mulingo wawo wa monosaccharide ndi wotsika kwambiri.
• Moyo. Pazomwe zili ndi aldohexose, muyenera kutsatira moyo wathanzi komanso zakudya zoyenera.
• Kukonzekera kwachipatala.

Zizindikiro za High shuga

Zizindikiro za dextrose yapamwamba:

• ludzu lalikulu, kufunitsitsa kosatha kumwa madzi ambiri,
• kukodza pafupipafupi komanso kopatsa chidwi,
• Khungu
• matenda a kwamikodzo ndi wowona mtima,
• kumverera kwadzala ndi kutentha, ngakhale nthawi yozizira,

• Mabala amachiritso a nthawi yayitali komanso mikwingwirima yovuta chifukwa cha kukondera,
• chimanga chosadutsa komanso chimanga, makamaka chofunikira kwambiri,
• kuphwanya kuchuluka kwa ma electrolyte komwe kumakhudzana ndi kuchepa kwa zinthu zambiri za mchere m'thupi,
• mwendo kukokana
• kutaya mphamvu, kugona, ulesi,
• kumva kwamphamvu kwamtendere nthawi zonse, kunenepa kwambiri,
• zingwe zoyera pazovala zamkati mutatha kukodza,
• m'malovu owoneka ngati mkodzo, fungo la acetone.

Zizindikiro izi zimayenera kuthandizidwa mosamala. Pozindikira, atangopimitsa magazi. Kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa matenda a glycemia mwa nthawi 3-4 kungayambitse kuperewera kwa shuga, komwe kumatha kupha.

Zifukwa zowerengera pang'ono

Zolemba zotsika za monosaccharide zimawonetsedwa:

• chizungulire ndi mutu
• mantha
• kufooka
• kunjenjemera m'thupi
• hyperhidrosis
• pang'ono nseru
• njala yayikulu
• kudziwa zolakwika
• kukwiya, kupsa mtima, kupanda chidwi, kulira, mkwiyo,
• kulephera kulolera
• malingaliro osakhazikika pamipando komanso malo owongoka,
• minofu kukokana
• kuyenda m'maloto, zolota usiku, kugwa mwangozi tulo m'maloto kapena kuyesera kuti utuluke,
• tinnitus.

Mukatsitsa shuga kuzungulira 1.1 - idyani maswiti, itanani ambulansi. Kuchepetsa thupi kumatha kupweteka mutu, kugwa, kufa.

Mlingo wamagazi ndi mibadwo mwa amuna

Kukula kwa shuga m'magazi mwa amuna ndi chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimakupatsani mwayi wofufuza chithokomiro.

Gome ili pansipa likuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa glucose molingana ndi zaka.

Mlingo wamagazi ndi mibadwo mwa akazi

Zowoneka bwino glycemia, zikhalidwe za akazi, sizimasiyana:

Malo oyeserera magazi pathupi

Mu labotale, magazi amachotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito kufinya kwamanja kwa chala cha mphete. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwunikira kambiri, kufunikira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa monosaccharide m'magazi a capillary.

Pa biochemistry, magazi amadzimadzi a venous amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuyesedwa kumatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa ma enzyme, bilirubin, zizindikiro zina pamodzi ndi shuga.

Kunyumba, zinthu zowunikira zitha kupezeka kuchokera kumapewa, m'chiuno, miyendo, m'makutu. Amakhala ndi mathero ochepa amitsempha, osapweteka kwambiri akabooleredwa. Simungachotse ma biomaterial ku moles ndi madera okhala ndi mitsempha yotupa, mafupa, tendon.

Mwazi wamagazi

Zizindikiro za shuga mthupi zimafotokozedwa bwino ndi kuyezetsa magazi kwa hypoglycemia. Kuyesaku kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito capillary kapena venous biomaterial.

Phunziroli limatsogozedwa ndi kukonzekera kwina:

• kusanthula kumayenera kuchitika m'mawa, makamaka pamimba yopanda kanthu,
• Maola 8-10 asanachotsere zotsalazo, amaloledwa kumwa madzi okha opanda mpweya,
• osatafuna chingamu
• pewani zonyansa pakamwa ndi mano m'mawa,
• osapatula mowa masiku atatu maphunziro asanachitike,
• musamwe mankhwala, ndipo ngati nkotheka kukana, dziwitsani adokotala za kupezeka kwawo.

Mukamasanthula kuchokera m'mitsempha, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumayesedwa, chifukwa hypoglycemia imayambitsa mapangidwe a cholesterol plaques, vasoconstriction.

Biochemistry imapereka chithunzi chonse cha momwe thupi lamunthu limakupangirani, limakupatsani mwayi wodziwa zovuta za metabolic. Amatengedwa mosamalitsa. Pakuwunikaku, ma enzymes a chiwindi, bilirubin, macro- ndi ma microelements amawunika. Mndandanda wa glucose mu biochemistry umapangitsa kuti athe kuphunzira ntchito ya endocrine system.

Kukonzekera njirayi:

• patsani chakudya pakatha maola 10,
• Simungathe kumwa m'mawa
• Osamadya mafuta, khofi, mowa tsiku lomaliza:
• musasute osachepera ola limodzi musanakonzekere,
• kwa masiku angapo osamwa maantibayotiki, mahomoni, okodzetsa ndi choleretics,
• musayendere m'bafa, sauna mpaka masiku 7,
• lekani zolimbitsa thupi kwa masiku atatu,
• Musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala olimbitsa thupi, munthu ayenera kuchira, kukhazikika, kudikirira mpaka apume ndikusintha,
• ngati kuli kotheka, reanalysis kuti mupereke magazi nthawi yomweyo komanso mu labotale yomweyi.

Kufotokozera za kulolerana

Chikhalidwe cha shuga chamagazi mwa amuna ndi akazi, malinga ndi zaka, chimafotokozedwa ndi mayeso ololera a shuga. Chofunikira chake chimakhala cha pakamwa kapena mwaukatswiri wama glucose kulowa mthupi, kenako ndikufufuza za biomaterial kwa mphindi 120.

Mchitidwewo umatsimikizira chidwi cha maselo oti dextrose, kuchuluka kwa shuga obisika m'magazi am'magazi, kumazindikiritsa koyambirira kwa mtundu wa 2 matenda a shuga a 2 mellitus, ndikupangitsa kuti kufotokozere bwino magawo a kukula kwa matendawa.

Pamaso pa mayeso:

• Masiku atatu kudya zakudya zabwinobwino. Zakudya zama carb zotsika mtengo zimatha kubweretsa zotsatira zopanda phindu.
• Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito njira zakulera za pakamwa, thiazide diuretics, glucocorticosteroids.
• Osamamwa mowa mumaola 14.
• Zotsatira zoyeserera sizimadalira chakudya, koma kuti mumve bwino chithunzi chodziwikiratu, tikulimbikitsidwa kuchita njirayi musanadye.
• Ola limodzi usanatolere zinthu, ndipo panthawi yoletsedwa kusuta.

Malangizo pochita mayeso olemetsa

Kuyeserera kwa shuga kumachitika mu magawo atatu:

1. Wodwala amachotsedwa madzimadzi am'mitsempha kapena chala musanatenge yankho, mlingo wa hexose watsimikiza.
2. 75 ml. glucose ufa wasungunuka 300 ml. madzi osavuta ndikupereka chakumwa kwa nkhaniyi. Mwapadera, yankho limalowetsedwa kudzera m'mitsempha.
3. Hafu iliyonse ya maola 2, biomaterial imatengedwa, mulingo wa shuga umatsimikiziridwa, tchati cha hypoglycemic chimamangidwa.
4. Munthawi yonseyi, zolimbitsa thupi ndizofunikira, sizikulimbikitsidwa kuti mungonama kapena kukhala.

Zoyipa:

• mtengo wokwera
• kuthekera kochita ma labotale a dziko,
• cholakwika cha zotsatira zake chifukwa cha kusalingana m'thupi,
• kusawoneka koyenera kochita kafukufuku mosakhutira kwa wodwalayo, kuchulukitsa kwa matenda osachiritsika kapena kachilombo.

Pafupipafupi wa kusanthula

Mlingo wa shuga wa magazi mwa amuna (malinga ndi zaka, pafupipafupi kukaonana ndi dokotala amafotokozedwa) umatsimikiziridwa panthawi yamavuto azachipatala. Wopereka KLA, magazi a shuga ndi zamankhwala amtundu wamtundu uliwonse amalimbikitsidwa zaka ziwiri zilizonse. Kuyambira wazaka 41-46, chiopsezo chotenga matenda a shuga chikukula. Anthu azigonana onse awiri amayenera kuyezetsa magazi a glycemia kamodzi pachaka.

Timakonda:

• onenepa kwambiri
• matenda a kagayidwe mafuta,
• kutengera kwa chibadwa cha matenda ashuga,
• matenda amtima
• Matenda a chithokomiro,
• pafupipafupi matenda a candidiasis
• kusowa tulo, kutopa kwambiri, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa dextrose mthupi 1 nthawi iliyonse miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Ngati misempha ya glucose ipambana, kuyesedwa kwamphamvu kumayesedwa, komwe chizindikirocho chimayesedwa katatu.

Kuvutika ndi hyperglycemia, kangapo katatu patsiku (jakisoni wa insulin) asanadziwe kuchuluka kwa hexose m'magazi a magazi pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer. Pakatha miyezi iwiri iliyonse, ndikofunikira kutsimikizira zomwe zasungidwa mu labotale.

Kutsatsa Zizindikiro zamagazi a shuga

Kuwona tanthauzo la kuyesedwa kwa matenda azaunikidwe pamatumbo opanda kanthu:

Zowonetsa pamwambapa 6.8-7.1 mmol / L. - kuphwanya chakudya kagayidwe kachakudya 2 amadalira insulin, amafuna chithandizo ndi subcutaneous makonzedwe a insulin ndi kuwunika tsiku lililonse glycemia.

Miyezo yoyenera kusanthula magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu imasiyana ndi capillary ndi 10-12%:

• 3.6-6.2 - mulingo woyenera wa hexose,
• 6.4-6.9 - mkhalidwe usanachitike shuga. Zakudya zolimbikitsidwa, mankhwala, shuga
• Oposa 7.0 ndi matenda ashuga. Amakonzedwa ndi njira zochizira zomwe zimatsitsa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndikuwasunga m'malo oyenera.

Zizindikiro za zomwe zimakonzedwa mukatha kudya zimasiyana kwambiri ndi zomwe zidaperekedwa kale. Zomwe zimachitika pamilandu iyi zimawonedwa kuti zimachokera ku 3.9-7.9 mmol / l. Kupatuka kulikonse ndiko maziko a kafukufuku owonjezera. Kuyesedwa kwa katundu kumachitika kuti mutsimikizire hyperglycemia, kudziwa gawo la chitukuko cha matendawa, ndikusintha chithandizo chamankhwala.

Mukamamwa magazi a capillary:

• Pamimba yopanda kanthu:
• mtengo wokwanira ndi 5.4-5.5.,
• matenda a glycemic - 5.6-6.3,
• hyperglycemia - oposa 6.4.
• Pambuyo pa mphindi 120:
• mulingo wabwinobwino - 7.4-7.9,
• boma la odwala matenda ashuga - 8-10.9,
• matenda ashuga - oposa 11.

Mtengo wamadzi amadzimadzi amadzimadzi pamimba yopanda kanthu umasiyana ndi capillary.

Kusiyanaku kukuwonekera pambuyo pa mphindi 120 kuyambira poyambira:

• zodziwika ndi 6.6,
• kuphwanya kulolerana - 6.7-9.8,
• matenda ashuga - 10,0.

Ndi hyperglycemia, timawonetsedwa tsiku ndi tsiku kuti tipeze zofunikira za shuga m'thupi. Kuti muwunikidwe kunyumba, glucometer amapangidwa.

Chipangizocho chimakulolani kuti mufotokozere za shuga, kusintha mtundu wa insulin, kutengera zisonyezo:

• mtengo pamimba yopanda kanthu - 5.5,
• mutatha kadzutsa - 7.8,

Kuwonjezeraku kuyenera kukonzedwa ndikuwongolera kwa insulin.

Kusintha kwamamitala ndi miyezo ya labotale

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi (kwa amuna pali zopatuka pobera, monga akazi) kumayeza ndi wodwalayo payekha, pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer. Kuyesera mwachangu ndi makina a chipangizocho, zingwe zoyesera, lancet, singano. Kuti mupeze matenda, muyenera kuyika mzere mu mita, ndikuponya dontho la magazi a capillary.

Zizindikiro zitha kuyesedwa pambuyo mphindi 4. Njira yofufuzira iyi ndi yoyenera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lodalira insulin 1 ndi 2 hyperglycemia, kwa omwe kuchuluka kwa aldohexose mthupi ndikofunikira.

Miyeso ya glucometer miyezi iwiri iliyonse iyenera kuyambiridwanso mu kafukufuku wa zasayansi. Izi ndichifukwa choti miyeso ya mayeso ofotokozera ikhoza kusiyana pang'ono ndi owunikirawo. Mukayambiranso, chithunzi chomwe chinaperekedwa ndi chipangizochi chimayenera kugawidwa ndi 1.12.

Palinso matebulo omwe amawerengera kuchuluka kwa dextrose m'magazi. Ma Glucometer ndi amitundu iwiri: kuchuluka kwa shuga kudzatsimikiziridwa ndi plasma (kumayambiriro kwa tsiku la 5.6-7.3), ndi magazi amadzimadzi (5.4-7.2).

Zotsatira zake

1. Cholakwika. Mita imakhala ndi zolakwika zoyezera zosakwana 0.84 mmol / L. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti nthawi ndi nthawi muziyang'ana chipangizocho. Malinga ndi data ya WHO, zikuwonetsedwa kuti ndizowona ngati zingachitike mkati mwa +/- 20% ya kusanthula kwa labotale.
2. Malangizo pochita magazi.
3. Pakuyeza, magazi a capillary okha ndi omwe ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Zoyenera kutero, kuwombera kwa mapepala ofunira zala kuyenera kuchitika, koma mutha kugwiritsa ntchito malo omwe siachikhalidwe kuti muchotse zojambula zotsalira: khutu, dzanja, mkono. Osagwiritsa ntchito magazi a venous.
4. Musanapendeke, sambani m'manja ndi sopo ndipo muziume bwino. Zala zotentha kuti zitsimikizire kuti magazi akuthamanga.
5. Osapukuta malo opumira ndi mowa, zimapangitsa khungu kukhala loyipa. Swab yowuma ya thonje ndi bwino.
6. Pierce mozama. Dontho loyamba la magazi ndibwino kuchotsa.
7. Yachiwiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mzere woyezera.
8. Gwiritsani ntchito zingwe zoyeserera. Gwiritsani ntchito, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zodetsa kapena zowonongeka, sizololedwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito mizera yomwe yatha ntchito ya chida china chofufuzira nkoletsedwa.
9. Kusintha kosiyanasiyana kwamphamvu zamthupi ndi magazi.
10. Zotsatira za phunziroli zimatengera nthawi kuyambira nthawi yamayesero mpaka kuphunzira. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mita, mawunikidwe akuyenera kuchitika mutangomaliza kulemba. Pambuyo pa mphindi 30 mpaka 40, shuga azikhala wocheperako chifukwa cha kuphatikizika ndi maselo ofiira amwazi.

Mamita amakono a glucose amakono kuti akonzedwe kuti awerenge kuwerenga kwa plasma glucose. Mukamakambirana za kuyezetsa magazi, timalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito gome.

Mtengo wokwanira wa glucometer ndi 33.0 - chizindikiro cha glycemia wokwera kwambiri, womwe umafunikira kulowererapo kwachipatala msanga. Mosasamala za kuchuluka, odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuyang'aniridwa kuti kuchuluka kwa hexose m'thupi kusapitirire 8.1.

Glycemia miyeso yogwiritsa ntchito kuwunikira kotsimikizirika sikuchitidwa:

• mu seramu yamagazi
• m'magazi a venous
• mukasunga biomaterial kwa mphindi zopitilira 20 kunyumba (mu labotale, kafukufukuyu amachitika patatha mphindi 30, nthawi yayitali imapereka zotsatira zosasangalatsa),
• M'magazi,
• odwala odwala matenda opatsirana, odwala khansa,
• mukamagwiritsa ntchito ascorbic acid (zotsatira zakumaso),
• pomwe chipangizocho chili pafupi ndi magetsi,
• osayang'ana chipangizocho.