Mwazi wamagazi okalamba pambuyo pa zaka 65

Ndi matendawa, matenda a shuga amayenera kuyang'aniridwa mwadongosolo, kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Makhalidwe abwinobwino a shuga ndiofanana kwa amuna ndi akazi, amakhala ndi kusiyana pang'ono pa zaka.

Mawonekedwe pamtunda kuchokera pa 3.2 mpaka 5.5 mmol / lita amadziwika kuti ndi shuga osala kudya. Magazi akachotsedwa mu mtsempha, zotsatira zake zimakhala zochulukirapo. Zikatero, magazi othamanga sangakhale osaposa 6.1 mmol / lita. Mukangodya, shuga amatha kuchuluka mpaka 7.8 mmol / lita.

Kuti mupeze zotsatira zoyenera kwambiri, kuyezetsa magazi kuyenera kuchitika musanadye m'mawa wokha. Malinga ngati kuyezetsa magazi kwa capillary kukuwonetsa zotsatira zapamwamba 6mmol / lita, dokotala adzazindikira matenda a shuga.

Kuphunzira kwa magazi a capillary ndi venous kungakhale kolakwika, kosagwirizana ndi chizolowezi. Izi zimachitika ngati wodwala sanatsatire malamulo okonzekera kusanthula, kapena atapereka magazi atatha kudya. Zomwe zimathandizanso zimabweretsa chidziwitso cholakwika: zinthu zovuta, matenda ochepa, kuvulala kwambiri.

Mitengo ya shuga yakale

Pambuyo pazaka 50, kuchuluka kwa anthu, ndipo mwa akazi nthawi zambiri, kumawonjezera:

• kusala shuga m'magazi pafupifupi 0,05 mmol / lita,
• shuga wamagazi 2 patatha chakudya - 0,5 mmol / lita.

Ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti ziwerengerozi ndi zapakatikati, kwa munthu aliyense wazaka zapamwamba amatha kusiyanasiyana. Nthawi zonse zimatengera zolimbitsa thupi komanso thanzi la wodwalayo.

Nthawi zambiri, mwa azimayi okalamba, kuchuluka kwa glucose kumakwera ndendende maola 2 atatha kudya, ndipo glycemia wosala kudya amakhalabe wokhazikika. Chifukwa chiyani izi zikuchitika? Zodabwitsazi zimakhala ndi zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimakhudza thupi nthawi imodzi. Izi makamaka kuchepa kwa chidwi cha minyewa kupita ku insulin ya mahomoni, kuchepa kwa kapangidwe kake ndi kapamba. Kuphatikiza apo, mwa odwalawa, kubisala ndi zochita za maretretins zimafooka.

Ma insretins ndi mahomoni apadera omwe amapangidwa m'mimba yamagetsi poyankha kudya. Ma insretin amathandizanso kupanga insulin ndi kapamba. Ndi zaka, chidwi cha maselo a beta amachepetsa kangapo, iyi ndi imodzi mwazinthu zopangitsira matenda a shuga, osafunikira kwenikweni kuposa kukana insulini.

Chifukwa chazovuta zandalama, anthu okalamba amakakamizidwa kudya zakudya zotsika mtengo zopatsa mphamvu. Zakudya zoterezi zimakhala:

1. Zakudya zamafuta ambiri zamafuta azakudya ndi mafuta osavuta,
2. kusowa kwa zovuta zamankhwala, mapuloteni, fiber.

Chifukwa china chowonjezeka cha shuga m'magazi ndi kupezeka kwa matenda okhalitsa, mankhwalawa omwe ali ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amakhudza kagayidwe kazakudya.

Oopsa kwambiri kuchokera pamalingaliro awa ndi: mankhwala a psychotropic, ma steroid, thiazide diuretics, osasankha beta-blockers. Amatha kupangitsa chitukuko cha matenda a mtima, mapapu, musculoskeletal system.

Zotsatira zake, misa yamisempha imachepetsedwa, kukana insulini kumakulitsidwa.

Chikhalidwe cha shuga. Mkulu shuga - momwe mungachepetse.

Kwa zaka zambiri osalimbana ndi ma DIABETES?

Mutu wa Bungwe: “Mudzadabwitsidwa kuti kumakhala kovuta motani kuchiritsa matenda a shuga tsiku lililonse.

Mwazi wamagazi ndi dzina lanyumba la shuga losungunuka m'magazi, lomwe limazungulira m'matumbo. Nkhaniyi ikufotokozera za miyezo ya shuga ya magazi kwa ana ndi akulu, abambo ndi amayi apakati.Muphunzira chifukwa chake kuchuluka kwa glucose kumachuluka, momwe kumakhala koopsa, komanso koposa momwe mungachepetsere moyenera komanso mosatetezeka. Kuyesedwa kwa shuga kwa shuga kumaperekedwa mu labotale pamimba yopanda kanthu kapena mutatha kudya. Anthu opitilira 40 amalangizidwa kuchita izi kamodzi pachaka zitatu. Ngati matenda a shuga a prediabetes kapena Type 2 apezeka, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zam'nyumba kuyeza shuga kangapo tsiku lililonse. Chida choterocho chimatchedwa glucometer.

Glucose amalowa m'magazi kuchokera pachiwindi ndi m'matumbo, kenako magazi amatenga thupi lonse, kuyambira pamwamba mpaka mutu mpaka chidendene. Mwanjira imeneyi, minofu imalandira mphamvu. Kuti maselo atenge glucose m'magazi, insulin yofunika. Amapangidwa ndi maselo apadera a kapamba - maselo a beta. Mulingo wa shuga ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Nthawi zambiri, amasinthasintha mosiyanasiyana, osapitilira. Mwazi wochepera wamagazi uli pamimba yopanda kanthu. Mukatha kudya, imadzuka. Ngati zonse zili zabwinobwino ndi kagayidwe ka glucose, ndiye kuti kuwonjezeka kumeneku sikuli kokwanira ndipo osati kwa nthawi yayitali.

• Shuga pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikatha kudya - kusiyana kwake ndi chiyani
• Mwazi wamagazi
• Matenda a shuga ndi matenda ashuga
• Momwe thupi limayang'anira shuga
• Shuga wapamwamba - zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro
• Chifukwa chiyani shuga wambiri ndi woipa
• Zithandizo za anthu
• Glucometer - mita ya shuga kunyumba
• Kuyeza shuga ndi glucometer: Malangizo a pang'onopang'ono
• Kangati patsiku muyenera kuyeza shuga
• Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri
• Mapeto

Thupi limapitiliza kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga kuti ukhale wathanzi. Shuga wokwera amatchedwa hyperglycemia, wotsika - hypoglycemia. Ngati mayeso angapo wamagazi pamasiku osiyanasiyana akuwonetsa kuti shuga akukwezedwa, mutha kukayikira prediabetes kapena "weniweni" shuga. Kusanthula kumodzi sikokwanira izi. Komabe, munthu ayenera kukhala atcheru kale zotsatira zoyipa zisanachitike. Yesaninso kangapo m'masiku akubwera.

M'mayiko olankhula Chirasha, shuga wamagazi amayezedwa m'mamilimita angapo pa lita imodzi (mmol / l). M'mayiko olankhula Chingerezi, ma milligrams pa desilita (mg / dl). Nthawi zina muyenera kutanthauzira zotsatira kuchokera ku gawo limodzi kupita lina. Sizovuta.

• 4.0 mmol / L = 72 mg / dl
• 6.0 mmol / L = 108 mg / dl
• 7.0 mmol / L = 126 mg / dl
• 8.0 mmol / L = 144 mg / dl

Mwazi wamagazi

Mitengo ya shuga m'magazi idadziwika kalekale. Adazindikirika mkati mwa zaka za makumi awiriwa malinga ndi kafukufuku wambiri wa anthu wathanzi ndi odwala matenda a shuga. Mitengo ya shuga ya odwala matenda ashuga ndiwokwera kwambiri kuposa wathanzi. Mankhwala samayesanso konse kuwongolera shuga m'matenda a shuga, kotero kuti amafika pamlingo wamba. Pansipa mupeza chifukwa chake izi zikuchitika komanso ndi njira zina zochizira.
Zakudya zoyenera zomwe madokotala amalimbikitsa zimadzaza ndi mafuta. Zakudya izi ndizabwino kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Chifukwa chakudya amapangitsa kuti shuga azingokhala. Chifukwa cha izi, odwala matenda ashuga samva bwino ndipo amakula. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga omwe amathandizidwa ndi njira zachikhalidwe, shuga amadumphira kuchokera kumtunda kwambiri mpaka kutsika. Zakudya zamafuta zimachulukitsa, kenako ndikubaya jakisoni wamkulu wa insulin. Nthawi yomweyo, palibe chifukwa chobweretsera shuga kukhala yabwinobwino. Madotolo ndi odwala ali ndiokhutitsidwa kale kuti angathe kupewa kukomoka kwa matenda ashuga.

Komabe, ngati mumatsatira zakudya zamafuta ochepa, ndiye kuti muli ndi matenda a shuga a 2 komanso ngakhale muli ndi matenda osokoneza bongo a 1, mutha kukhalabe ndi shuga wabwinobwino, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi anthu athanzi. Odwala omwe amachepetsa chakudya chawo amachilamulira matenda awo a shuga popanda kupatsidwa insulini kapena kuyang'anira ndi mankhwala ochepa. Chiwopsezo cha zovuta mu mtima, impso, miyendo, maso - amachepetsa kukhala zero. Webusayiti ya Diabetes-Med.Com imalimbikitsa kudya zakudya zamafuta ochepa kuti azilamulira odwala a shuga olankhula Chirasha. Kuti mumve zambiri, werengani "Chifukwa chiyani Mtundu 1 ndi Matenda A 2 A shuga Ayenera kudya Zoperewera Zochepa."Zotsatirazi zikufotokozera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa anthu athanzi komanso momwe amasiyana mosiyanasiyana malinga ndi boma.

Mwazi wamagazi

Kwa odwala matenda ashuga

Mwa anthu athanzi

Shuga m'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu, mmol / l5,0-7,23,9-5,0 Shuga pambuyo pa 1 ndi 2 maola mutatha kudya, mmol / lpansipa 10.0nthawi zambiri osapitirira 5.5 Glycated hemoglobin HbA1C,%pansipa 6.5-74,6-5,4

Mwa anthu athanzi, shuga wamwazi pafupifupi nthawi yonseyo amakhala m'mitundu 3.9-5.3 mmol / L. Nthawi zambiri, ndi 4.2-4.6 mmol / l, pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikatha kudya. Ngati munthu akudya kwambiri chakudya chamafuta, ndiye kuti shuga amatha kutuluka kwa mphindi zingapo mpaka 6.7-6.9 mmol / l. Komabe, ndizokayikitsa kuti ndizokwezeka kuposa 7.0 mmol / L. Kwa odwala matenda a shuga mellitus, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a 7-8 mmol / L mu maola 1-2 mutatha kudya kumawerengedwa kuti ndi kwabwino, mpaka 10 mmol / L - zovomerezeka. Dokotala sangapatseni mankhwala chithandizo chilichonse, koma amangopatsa wodwala chidziwitso chofunikira - kuwunika shuga.

Chifukwa chiyani ndizofunikira kuti odwala matenda ashuga azitsatira posonyeza shuga, monga mwa anthu athanzi? Chifukwa zovuta zambiri zimayamba ngakhale shuga m'magazi akakwera kufika pa 6.0 mmol / L. Ngakhale, zowonadi, sizimakula mwachangu monga pamwambamwamba. Ndikofunika kuti musunge hemoglobin yanu ya glycated pansipa 5.5%. Ngati cholinga ichi chikwaniritsidwa, ndiye kuti chiopsezo cha imfa kuchokera kuzomwe zimayambitsa ndizochepa kwambiri.

Mu 2001, nkhani yokhudza mtima idasindikizidwa ku Britain Medical Journal yokhudza ubale wa glycated hemoglobin ndi kufa. Amatchedwa "Glycated hemoglobin, shuga, ndi kufa kwa amuna ku Norfolk cohort of European Prospective Investigation of Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Norfolk)." Olemba - Kay-Tee Khaw, Nicholas Wareham ndi ena. HbA1C inayesedwa mwa amuna 462 wazaka 45-79, kenako zaka 4 zinawonedwa. Mwa omwe adachita nawo kafukufukuyu, ambiri anali anthu athanzi omwe sanali kudwala matenda ashuga.

Zinapezeka kuti kufera pazifukwa zonse, kuphatikizapo kugunda kwa mtima komanso matenda opha ziwalo, sikochepa pakati pa anthu omwe hemoglobin ya glycated siapamwamba kuposa 5.0%. Kukula kulikonse kwa 1% ku HbA1C kumatanthauza chiopsezo cha kufa ndi 28%. Chifukwa chake, mwa munthu yemwe ali ndi HbA1C ya 7%, chiopsezo cha imfa ndichipamwamba ndi 63% kuposa munthu wathanzi. Koma glycated hemoglobin 7% - amakhulupirira kuti uku ndi kuwongolera kwabwino kwa matenda ashuga.

Miyezo yatsopano ya shuga imasefedwa chifukwa kudya “moyenera” sikuloleza kupatsidwa shuga. Madokotala amayesetsa kuti achepetse ntchito yawo popanda kuwononga zotsatira za wodwala. Palibe phindu boma kuti lichiritse odwala matenda ashuga. Chifukwa anthu oyipa amawongolera matenda awo a shuga, omwe amawonjezera ndalama pakubweza ndalama ndi mapindu osiyanasiyana. Khalani ndi udindo pazamankhwala anu. Yesani zakudya zamafuta ochepa - ndipo onetsetsani kuti zimapereka pambuyo pa masiku awiri ndi atatu. Mwazi wa magazi umatsikira kukhala wabwinobwino, Mlingo wa insulin umachepetsedwa ndi 2-7 nthawi, thanzi limasintha.

Shuga pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikatha kudya - kusiyana kwake ndi chiyani

Mchere wochepera mwa anthu uli pamimba yopanda kanthu, pamimba yopanda kanthu. Chakudya chakudyacho chikamamwa, michere imalowa m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa shuga atatha kudya kumatuluka. Ngati kagayidwe kazakudya sikasokonekera, ndiye kuti kuwonjezeka kumeneku sikuli kokwanira ndipo sikokhalitsa. Chifukwa chakuti zikondamoyo zimabisa insulin yowonjezera kuti itsitse shuga pambuyo pudya.

Ngati palibe insulin yokwanira (mtundu 1 wa matenda ashuga) kapena yofooka (mtundu 2 wa shuga), ndiye kuti shuga mutatha kudya imatuluka maola ochepa aliwonse. Izi ndizovulaza chifukwa zovuta zimayamba pa impso, masomphenyawo amagwa, ndipo mapangidwe ake amanjenje amakhala opuwala. Choyipa chachikulu ndikuti mikhalidwe imapangidwira kugunda kwadzidzidzi kwa mtima kapena stroke. Mavuto azaumoyo omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga mutatha kudya nthawi zambiri amawonedwa ngati kusintha kwachilengedwe. Komabe, amafunika kuthandizidwa, mwinanso wodwalayo sangakhale ndi moyo wapakati komanso wokalamba.

Glucose Assays:

Kuyesa kwa shuga m'magazi ndi njira yabwino yopezera matenda ashuga. Tiyeni tiwone chifukwa. Matenda a shuga akayamba, shuga wa m'magazi amayamba kudya. Zikondamoyo, pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, sizingathe kupirira kuti zichepetse mwachangu kuti zizolowereka. Kuonjezera shuga mutatha kudya pang'onopang'ono kumawononga mitsempha yamagazi ndikuyambitsa zovuta. M'zaka zochepa za matenda ashuga, kuthamanga kwa glucose kumatha kukhala kwabwinobwino. Komabe, pakadali pano, zovuta zikupezeka kale. Ngati wodwala sayeza shuga atatha kudya, ndiye kuti samakayikira kudwala kwake mpaka zizindikirazo zikuwonekera.

Kuti mupeze matenda a shuga, tengani magazi a glycated hemoglobin mu labotale. Ngati muli ndi mita ya shuga m'magazi - yeretsani shuga 1 ndi maola awiri mutatha kudya. Musapusitsidwe ngati kuchuluka kwanu kwa shuga kusala kudya. Amayi omwe ali mu II ndi III ma trimesters am'mimba amayenera kuchitadi kuyesa kwa maola awiri pamagetsi. Chifukwa ngati matenda a shuga apezeka, kusanthula kwa hemoglobin ya glycated sikungathandize kuti muzindikire munthawi yake.

• Mayeso a matenda a shuga: mndandanda watsatanetsatane
• Glycated hemoglobin
• Kuyesedwa kwa shuga kwa maola awiri

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda ashuga

Monga mukudziwa, 90% ya omwe amachititsa kuti shuga asamayende bwino ndi mtundu wa 2 shuga. Simamera nthawi yomweyo, koma kawirikawiri prediabetes imayamba. Matendawa amatha zaka zingapo. Ngati wodwala sanalandire chithandizo, ndiye kuti gawo lotsatira limachitika - "zonse" shuga mellitus.

Momwe mungadziwire matenda oyamba ndi matenda a prediabetes:

• Kuthamanga shuga m'magazi 5.5-7.0 mmol / L.
• Glycated hemoglobin 5.7-6.4%.
• Shuga pambuyo pa maola 1 kapena 2 mutatha kudya 7.8-11.0 mmol / L.

Ndikokwanira kukwaniritsa chimodzi mwazomwe zafotokozeredwa pamwambapa kuti mupeze matenda.

Matenda a shuga ndi vuto lalikulu la metabolic. Muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2. Mavuto owopsa pa impso, miyendo, mawonekedwe amaso akupanga tsopano. Ngati simusintha ndikukhala ndi moyo wathanzi, ndiye kuti prediabetes isandulika mtundu 2 shuga. Kapenanso mudzakhala ndi nthawi yakufa kale chifukwa cha vuto la mtima kapena sitiroko. Sindikufuna kukuwopani, koma izi ndi zotheka, osanyengerera. Kodi amathandizidwa bwanji? Werengani zolemba Metabolic Syndrome ndi Insulin Resistance, kenako kutsatira malangizowo. Matenda a shuga amatha kuyendetsedwa mosavuta popanda jakisoni wa insulin. Palibenso chifukwa chodzakhala ndi njala kapena kugwira ntchito molimbika.

Njira zoyenera kudziwa mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga:

• Kufulumira kwa shuga kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa 7.0 mmol / L malinga ndi zotsatira za kusanthula kawiri mzere pamasiku osiyanasiyana.
• Nthawi inayake, shuga wamagazi anali okwera kuposa 11.1 mmol / L, mosasamala kanthu za kudya.
• Glycated hemoglobin 6.5% kapena kuposa.
• Panthawi yovomerezeka ya glucose ya maola awiri, shuga anali 11.1 mmol / L kapena kuposa.

Monga matenda am'mbuyomu, chimodzi mwazomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa ndizokwanira kuzindikira. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino ndi kutopa, ludzu, komanso kukodza pafupipafupi. Pangakhale kuchepetsa osafotokoza. Werengani nkhani "Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga" mwatsatanetsatane. Nthawi yomweyo, odwala ambiri sazindikira chilichonse. Kwa iwo, zotsatira zoyipa za shuga m'magazi ndizosadabwitsa.

Gawo lapitalo limafotokoza chifukwa chake kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakhala kwambiri.Muyenera kuwomba alamu kale shuga atatha kudya ndi 7.0 mmol / l ndipo makamaka ngati apamwamba. Kusala shuga kumatha kukhala kwabwinobwino kwa zaka zochepa pomwe matenda ashuwarawa amawononga thupi. Kusanthula uku sikuli kwanzeru kupitilira kuzindikira matenda. Gwiritsani ntchito njira zina - glycated hemoglobin kapena shuga wamagazi mukatha kudya.

Type 2 shuga

Kuthamanga magazi a m'magazi, mmol / L5,5-7,0Pamwambapa 7.0 Shuga pambuyo pa 1 ndi 2 maola mutatha kudya, mmol / l7,8-11,0pamwambapa 11.0 Glycated hemoglobin,%5,7-6,4pamwambapa 6.4

Zowopsa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a prediabetes ndi matenda a shuga a 2:

• Kunenepa kwambiri - index of body 25 kg / m2 and above.
• Kupsinjika kwa magazi 140/90 mm RT. Art. ndi mmwamba.
• Zotsatira zoyesa zamagazi cholesterol.
• Amayi omwe amakhala ndi mwana wolemera makilogalamu 4.5 kapena kuposerapo kapena wapezeka ndi matenda ashuga akakhala ndi pakati.
• Polycystic ovary.
• Milandu ya matenda amtundu 1 kapena matenda ashuga 2 m'banja.

Ngati muli ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zalembedwera, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyang'ana magazi aliwonse azaka zitatu, kuyambira zaka 45. Kuyang'anira ana ndi achinyamata omwe ali onenepa kwambiri komanso omwe ali ndi vuto lina lowonjezera kumalimbikitsidwanso. Afunika kuwunika shuga pafupipafupi, kuyambira ali ndi zaka 10. Chifukwa kuyambira 1980s, matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 adakula. M'mayiko a Azungu, zimawonekera ngakhale mwa achinyamata.

Momwe thupi limayang'anira shuga

Thupi limayang'anira mosalekeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kuyesera kuti lisasungidwe mkati mwa 3.9-5.3 mmol / L. Izi ndiye zolondola pamoyo wabwino. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amadziwa bwino kuti mutha kukhala ndi moyo wambiri ndi shuga. Komabe, ngakhale ngati palibe zizindikiro zosasangalatsa, shuga wowonjezereka amalimbikitsa kukula kwamavuto a shuga.

Shuga wotsika amatchedwa hypoglycemia. Uku ndi tsoka lenileni kwa thupi. Ubongo sulekerera pakakhala kuti palibe magazi okwanira m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, hypoglycemia imangodziwonetsera ngati zizindikiro - kusakwiya, mantha, palpitations, njala yayikulu. Ngati shuga agwera mpaka 2.2 mmol / L, ndiye kuti kusokonekera kwa chikumbumtima ndi kufa kumatha kuchitika. Werengani zambiri mulemba "Hypoglycemia - Kupewa ndi Kupulumutsidwa kwa Attack."

Ma hormone a Catabolic ndi insulin ndi okondana wina ndi mnzake, i.e., amakhala ndi zotsutsana. Kuti mumve zambiri, werengani nkhani "Momwe Insulini Imalamulira Magazi a shuga mwa Matenda Achimodzimodzi ndi Matenda A shuga".

Nthawi iliyonse, shuga wambiri amayenda m'magazi a munthu. Mwachitsanzo, mwa bambo wamkulu wolemera makilogalamu 75, kuchuluka kwa magazi m'thupi ndi malita asanu. Kuti tikwaniritse shuga m'magazi a 5.5 mmol / L, ndikokwanira kupukusa mkati mwake magalamu asanu okha a glucose. Izi ndi pafupifupi supuni 1 ya shuga ndi slide. Pa sekondi iliyonse, ma microscopic Mlingo wama glucose ndi mahomoni owongolera amalowa m'magazi kuti akhale bwino. Izi zimachitika maola 24 tsiku lililonse osasokoneza.

Shuga wapamwamba - zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro

Nthawi zambiri, munthu amakhala ndi shuga wambiri chifukwa cha matenda ashuga. Koma pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zina - mankhwala, kupsinjika kwamphamvu, kusokonezeka m'matumbo a adrenal kapena pituitary, matenda opatsirana. Mankhwala ambiri amalimbikitsa shuga. Awa ndi ma corticosteroids, beta-blockers, thiazide diuretics (okodzetsa), antidepressants. Kuti mupeze mndandanda wathunthu munkhaniyi sizotheka. Dokotala wanu asanakupatseni mankhwala ena, kambiranani momwe zakhudzira shuga wanu wamagazi.

Nthawi zambiri hyperglycemia siziwonetsa chilichonse, ngakhale shuga atakhala wamkulu kwambiri kuposa wabwinoko. Woopsa akayamba kudwala, wodwalayo amatha kuzindikira. Hyperglycemic coma ndi ketoacidosis ndizovuta zowopsa zomwe zimabweretsa shuga.

Zovuta pachimake, koma zofala zambiri:

• ludzu lalikulu
• kamwa yowuma
• kukodza pafupipafupi,
• Khungu lumauma,
• mawonekedwe osaneneka
• kutopa, kugona,
• Kuchepetsa thupi
• mabala, zipsera sizichiritsa,
• zomverera zosasangalatsa m'miyendo - kumeza, tsekwe,
• pafupipafupi matenda opatsirana komanso fungus omwe ndizovuta kuchiza.

Zizindikiro zowonjezera za ketoacidosis:

• kupumira pafupipafupi komanso kwanthawi yayitali
• Fungo la acetone popuma,
• chikhalidwe chosakhazikika.

• Hyperglycemic chikomokere - mwa okalamba
• Matenda ashuga ketoacidosis - odwala ndi matenda ashuga 1, achikulire ndi ana

Chifukwa chiyani shuga wambiri ndi woipa

Ngati simumalandira shuga wamagazi ambiri, zimayambitsa zovuta komanso zovuta za matenda ashuga. Mavuto owopsa adatchulidwa pamwambapa. Ichi ndi hyperglycemic chikomokere ndi matenda ashuga ketoacidosis. Amawonetsedwa ndi kusazindikira bwino, kukomoka ndipo amafuna chithandizo chamankhwala mwadzidzidzi. Komabe, zovuta zazovuta zimayambitsa kuphedwa kwa 5-10% ya odwala matenda ashuga. Ena onse amafa ndi zovuta mu impso, kupenya, miyendo, mantha am'mimba, ndipo koposa zonse - kuchokera ku vuto la mtima ndi sitiroko.

Shuga wokwera kwambiri amawononga makoma amitsempha yamagazi kuchokera mkati. Amakhala olimba mopanda kunenepa. Pazaka zambiri, calcium amawayika pa iwo, ndipo zombozo zimafanana ndi mapaipi akale amiyala. Izi zimatchedwa angiopathy - kuwonongeka kwa mtima. Komanso imayambitsa zovuta za matenda ashuga. Zowopsa zake ndikulephera kwa impso, khungu, kudula mwendo kapena phazi, ndi matenda amtima. Mukakhala ndi shuga m'mwazi, zovuta zake zimayamba kukhazikika ndikuwonekera kwambiri. Yang'anirani chithandizo ndi chisamaliro cha matenda anu a shuga!

• Momwe mungalandiridwire matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri: njira imodzi ndi imodzi
• Mankhwala 2 a shuga: nkhani yatsatanetsatane
• Mapiritsi a Siofor ndi Glucofage
• Momwe mungaphunzirire kusangalala ndi maphunziro akuthupi

• Mtundu woyamba wa chithandizo cha matenda a shuga kwa akulu ndi ana
• Nthawi ya tchuthi ndi momwe mungakulitsire
• Njira ya jakisoni wopweteka wa insulin
• Mtundu woyamba wa shuga 1 mwa mwana amathandizidwa popanda insulin pogwiritsa ntchito zakudya zoyenera. Mafunso ndi banja.
• Momwe mungachepetse kuwonongeka kwa impso

Zithandizo za anthu

Chithandizo cha anthu omwe amachepetsa shuga m'magazi a ku Yerusalemu ndi artichoke, sinamoni, komanso mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala azitsamba, mankhwala, zotupa, mapemphero, chiwembu, zina. kuti simunalandire phindu lililonse. Zithandizo za anthu zimapangidwira kwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe amadzinyenga, m'malo mothandizidwa bwino. Anthu oterewa amafa msanga chifukwa cha zovuta.

Mafanizi azitsamba za anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndiwo "makasitomala" akuluakulu a madokotala omwe amalimbana ndi kulephera kwa impso, kucheka kwa malekezero ena am'munsi, komanso ophthalmologists. Mavuto okhudzana ndi matenda a shuga m'm impso, m'miyendo, ndi m'maso. Opanga ambiri ogulitsa mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito mosamala kuti asatsutsidwe ndi mlandu. Komabe, ntchito zawo zimaphwanya malamulo amakhalidwe abwino.

Pangani shuga ndi magazi anu kangapo patsiku. Ngati mukuwona kuti zotsatira zake sizikuyenda bwino kapena zikuipiraipira, siyani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opanda pake.

Funsani dokotala musanamwe mankhwala ena alionse a shuga. Makamaka ngati mwayamba kale zovuta za impso kapena muli ndi matenda a chiwindi. Zakudya zowonjezera zomwe zili pamwambazi sizilowa m'malo mwa zakudya, jakisoni wa insulin, komanso zolimbitsa thupi. Mukayamba kumwa alpha lipoic acid, mungafunike kuchepetsa mlingo wa insulin yanu kuti pasakhale hypoglycemia.

Pochizira mafupa, owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito DiabeNot bwino. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

• Chithandizo cha Folk cha matenda a shuga - Mankhwala azitsamba
• Mavitamini a shuga - Magnesium-B6 ndi Chromium Supplements
• Alpha lipoic acid

Glucometer - mita ya shuga kunyumba

Ngati mwazindikira kuti ndi prediabetes kapena matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti muyenera kugula mwachangu chida chamayeso a shuga a kunyumba. Chipangizochi chimatchedwa glucometer. Popanda icho, matenda a shuga sangathe kuyendetsedwa bwino. Muyenera kuyeza shuga osachepera 2-3 patsiku, makamaka nthawi zambiri. Mitsempha yamagazi a kunyumba inatuluka m'ma 1970. Mpaka pomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, odwala matenda ashuga amayenera kupita ku labotale nthawi iliyonse, kapena ngakhale kukhala kuchipatala kwa milungu ingapo.

Mamita amakono a glucose amakono ndi opepuka komanso osalala. Amayeza shuga m'magazi pafupifupi osapweteka ndipo amawonetsa zotsatira zake. Vuto lokhalo ndiloti zingwe zoyeserera sizotsika mtengo. Muyezo uliwonse wa shuga mumakhala pafupifupi $ 0,5. Ndalama zonse zimapitilira mwezi umodzi. Komabe, izi ndi ndalama zosapeweka. Pulumutsani pamiyeso yoyeserera - pitani mukamachiritsa odwala matenda ashuga.

Panthawi ina, madokotala anakana kulowa nawo msika wa glucometer. Chifukwa adawopsezedwa ndi kutayika kwa magwero akuluakulu achuma kuchokera kuyezetsa magazi a labotale kwa shuga. Mabungwe azachipatala adatha kuchedwetsa kukwezedwa kwa shuga wamagazi kunyumba kwa zaka 3-5. Komabe, zida izi zikagulitsidwa, adayamba kutchuka. Mutha kudziwa zambiri pa nkhaniyi pa Dr. Bernstein. Tsopano, mankhwala ovomerezeka akuchepetsa kupititsanso kwa zakudya zamafuta ochepa - chakudya chokhacho choyenera kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba 1.

Kuyeza shuga ndi glucometer: Malangizo a pang'onopang'ono

Odwala a shuga ayenera kuyeza shuga ndi glucometer osachepera 2-3 patsiku, makamaka makamaka. Iyi ndi njira yosavuta komanso yopweteka. M'miyendo yoloza zala, singano ndizowonda kwambiri. Zomverera sizimapwetekanso kwambiri monga momwe kulumidwa ndi udzudzu. Kungakhale kovuta kuyeza shuga lanu lamwazi koyamba, kenako mudzayamba kusuta. Ndikofunika kuti wina ayambe kuwonetsa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito mita. Koma ngati palibe munthu wodziwa zambiri pafupi, mutha kuthana nawo nokha. Gwiritsani ntchito malangizo omwe ali pansipa.

1. Sambani manja anu ndi youma bwino.
2. Kusamba ndi sopo ndikofunikira, koma osafunikira ngati palibe zikhalidwe za izi. Osapukuta ndi mowa!
3. Mutha kugwedeza dzanja lanu kuti magazi ayambe kupita ku zala zanu. Komanso, gwiritsani pansi pamtsinje wamadzi ofunda.
4. Zofunika! Tsambalo liponya louma. Musalole madzi kuti atulutsire dontho la magazi.
5. Ikani gawo loyeserera mu mita. Onetsetsani kuti uthenga wabwino ukuonekera pazenera, mutha kuyeza.
6. Pierce chala chokhala ndi lancet.
7. Kuchepetsa chala chanu kufinya dontho la magazi.
8. Ndikofunika kuti musagwiritse ntchito dontho loyamba, koma kuchotsa ndi ubweya wowuma wa thonje kapena chopukutira. Uku si malingaliro ovomerezeka. Koma yesani kutero - ndipo onetsetsani kuti kuwongolera kwakeko kwatsimikizika.
9. Finyani dontho lachiwiri la magazi ndikuwapaka pamiyeso.
10. Zotsatira zake ziziwoneka pazenera la mita - zilembeni ku diary yanu yowunika za shuga limodzi ndi zambiri.

Ndikofunika kusunga diary control diabetes mosalekeza. Lembani izi:

• tsiku ndi nthawi ya muyeso wa shuga,
• Zotsatira zake
• zomwe adadya
• omwe adamwa mapiritsiwo
• kuchuluka ndi insulin yamtundu wanji,
• zomwe zinali zolimbitsa thupi, kupsinjika ndi zina.

M'masiku ochepa muwona kuti ichi ndi chidziwitso chofunikira. Dzifufuzeni nokha kapena ndi dokotala. Mvetsetsani momwe zakudya zosiyanasiyana, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, jakisoni wa insulin, ndi zinthu zina zimakhudzira shuga wanu. Kuti mumve zambiri, werengani nkhani yakuti “Zomwe zimakhudza shuga. Mungapewe bwanji kuthana ndi kuyenda osazolowereka. "

Momwe mungapezere zotsatira zolondola poyesa shuga ndi glucometer:

• Werengani mosamala malangizo a chipangizo chanu.
• Onani mita kuti muone ngati ili pamwambapa. Ikapezeka kuti chipangizochi chagona, musachigwiritse ntchito, chotsani china.
• Monga lamulo, glucometer yomwe imakhala ndi zotsika mtengo zoyesera siyolondola. Amayendetsa odwala matenda ashuga kumanda.
• Pansi pa malangizo, werengani momwe mungagwiritsire dontho la magazi pachifuwa.
• Tsatirani mosamalitsa malamulo osunga mizere. Tsekani botolo mosamala kuti mpweya wambiri usalowe. Kupanda kutero, zingwe zoyeserera ziwonongeka.
• Osagwiritsa ntchito zingwe zoyeserera zomwe zatha.
• Mukapita kwa dokotala, tengani glucometer nanu. Sonyezani adokotala momwe mumayeza shuga. Mwina dokotala wodziwa zambiri angakuwonetseni zomwe mukuchita zolakwika.

Kangati patsiku muyenera kuyeza shuga

Kuti muchepetse matenda a shuga, muyenera kudziwa momwe shuga yanu imakhalira tsiku lonse. Kwa odwala matenda ashuga ambiri, vuto lalikulu limachulukitsidwa m'mawa m'mimba yopanda kanthu, kenako ndikudya cham'mawa. Mwa odwala ambiri, shuga amawonjezereka kwambiri pambuyo pa nkhomaliro kapena madzulo. Mkhalidwe wanu ndiwopadera, wosafanana ndi wina aliyense. Chifukwa chake, timafunikira mapulani pawokha - zakudya, jakisoni wa insulin, kumwa mapiritsi ndi zochitika zina. Njira yokhayo yopezera chidziwitso chofunikira pakuwongolera matenda a shuga ndikuwunika shuga wanu pafupipafupi ndi glucometer. Zotsatirazi zikufotokoza kangati patsiku muyenera kuyeza.

Kuyang'anira magazi konse ndikamayesa:

• m'mawa - titangodzuka,
• kenako - musanayambe kudya chakudya cham'mawa,
• Maola 5 mutatha jakisoni aliyense wa insulin,
• pamaso chakudya chilichonse kapena chakudya.
• mukatha kudya chilichonse kapena zakudya zina - patatha maola awiri,
• musanagone
• musanakhale ndi maphunziro akuthupi, zochitika zovuta, zoyeserera zamphamvu kuntchito,
• mukangomva njala kapena kukayikira kuti shuga yanu ndiyapansi kapena kuposa apo,
• musanayendetse galimoto kapena kuyamba kugwira ntchito zoopsa, ndipo kenako ola lililonse mpaka mutamaliza,
• pakati pausiku - kupewa mankhwalawa hypoglycemia.

Nthawi iliyonse mukatha kuyeza shuga, zotsatira zake ziyenera kulembedwa mu diary. Sonyezani nthawi ndi zochitika zina:

• Zomwe adadya - zakudya, magalamu angati,
• insulin yomwe idalowetsedwa komanso mlingo uti
• mapiritsi a shuga omwe adamwa
• watani
• zolimbitsa thupi
• wokometsedwa
• matenda opatsirana.

Lemberani zonsezo, bweretsani. Ma cell amakumbukidwe a mita samalola kujambula zochitika zotsatana. Chifukwa chake, kuti musunge zolemba, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito cholembera pepala, kapena bwino, pulogalamu yapadera mufoni yanu. Zotsatira za kuwunika kwathunthu kwa glucose zimatha kusanthula palokha kapena palimodzi ndi dokotala. Cholinga ndikuti mupeze nthawi yanji masana komanso chifukwa chake shuga wanu sakhala wabwinobwino. Ndipo, mogwirizana ndi izi, chitani ndondomeko - yambirani dongosolo la chithandizo cha matenda ashuga.

Kudziletsa kwathunthu kwa shuga kumakupatsani mwayi wowunika momwe zakudya zanu, mankhwala, maphunziro akuthupi ndi jakisoni wa insulin alili. Popanda kuwunikira mosamala, ma charlatans okha ndi omwe "amathandizira" matenda a shuga, pomwe pamakhala njira yolunjika kwa dotolo kuti akadule phazi ndi / kapena kwa nephrologist kuti adayetse matenda. Ochepa odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali okonzekera kukhala tsiku ndi tsiku mu njira zomwe tafotokozazi. Chifukwa mtengo wamiyeso yoyesa kwa glucometer ukhoza kukhala wokwera kwambiri.Komabe, yang'anirani kwathunthu magazi osachepera tsiku limodzi sabata lililonse.

Ngati mukuwona kuti shuga wanu wayamba kusinthasintha mwanjira ina, ndiye kuti ingokhalani masiku angapo mumachitidwe owongolera mpaka mutapeza ndikuchotsa zomwe zimayambitsa. Ndikofunika kuphunzirira nkhani ya "Zomwe zimakhudza shuga. Momwe mungathetsere kudumpha ndi kukhalabe kwabwinobwino. ” Ndalama zochulukirapo zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito poyesa mita ya glucose, mumasunga ndalama zambiri pochiza zovuta za shuga. Cholinga chachikulu ndikukhala ndi thanzi labwino, kupulumuka anzanu ambiri osakhala okalamba. Kusunga magazi nthawi zonse osapitilira 5.2-6.0 mmol / L ndi zenizeni.

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri

Ngati mwakhala zaka zingapo ndi shuga wambiri, 12 mmol / L ndi kupitilirapo, ndiye kuti sibwino kuti muchepetse mwachangu mpaka 4-6 mmol / L, monga mwa anthu athanzi. Chifukwa zizindikiro zosasangalatsa komanso zowopsa za hypoglycemia zitha kuwoneka. Makamaka, zovuta za shuga m'masomphenya zimatha kukula. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti anthu oterowo ayambe kutsitsa shuga mpaka 7-8 mmol / L ndikulola kuti thupi lizolowere mkati mwa miyezi 1-2. Ndipo kenako pitirirani kwa anthu athanzi. Kuti mumve zambiri, onani nkhani yakuti “Zolinga za chisamaliro cha matenda ashuga. Ndi shuga uti amene muyenera kulimbana naye. ” Ili ndi gawo "Mukafunikira makamaka shuga."

Nthawi zambiri simumayesa shuga ndi glucometer. Kupanda kutero, akadazindikira kuti buledi, chimanga ndi mbatata zimachulukitsa chimodzimodzi ndi maswiti. Mutha kukhala ndi matenda osokoneza bongo kapena matenda oyamba a shuga 2. Kuti mumvetse bwino za matendawa, muyenera kupereka zambiri. Momwe angapangidwire - afotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhaniyi. Njira yayikulu yochepetsera ndi zakudya zamafuta ochepa.

Shuga m'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu amadzuka chifukwa m'maola angapo m'mawa, chiwindi chimachotsa insulini m'magazi. Izi zimatchedwa chodabwitsa cha m'bandakucha. Amapezeka mwa odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 komanso a 2. Werengani zambiri kuti mudziwe bwanji shuga m'mimba popanda kanthu. Ili si ntchito yosavuta, koma yotheka. Muyenera kulangidwa. Pakatha milungu itatu, chizolowezi chokhazikika chimakhazikika, ndipo kutsatira njirazo kudzakhala kosavuta.

Ndikofunikira kuyeza shuga m'mawa uliwonse pamimba yopanda kanthu. Ngati mungabaye insulin musanadye, muyenera kuyeza shuga musanadye jekeseni iliyonse, ndipo kenanso maola awiri mutatha kudya. Izi zimapezeka 7 pa tsiku - m'mawa mopanda kanthu m'mimba komanso zina kawiri pachakudya chilichonse. Ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 ndipo mumawongolera ndi zakudya zamafuta ochepa osabaya jakisoni wothamanga, ndiye kuyeza shuga maola awiri mutatha kudya.

Pali zida zomwe zimatchedwa pitilizani kuunika magazi. Komabe, ali ndi cholakwika chachikulu kwambiri poyerekeza ndi glucometer wamba. Mpaka pano, Dr. Bernstein sanalangizebe kuzigwiritsa ntchito. Komanso, mtengo wawo umakhala wokwera.

Yesani nthawi zina kuboola ndi chala chanu osati zala zanu, koma mbali zina za khungu - kumbuyo kwa dzanja lanu, mkono wamanja, ndi zina. Nkhani ili pamwambapa ikufotokoza momwe mungachitire izi. Mulimonsemo, sinthani zala za manja onse awiri. Osamamenyetsa chala chomwecho nthawi zonse.

Njira yokhayo yochepetsera shuga mwachangu ndikumabaya insulin yochepa kapena yochepa kwambiri. Zakudya zamafuta ochepa zimatsika shuga, koma osati nthawi yomweyo, koma mkati mwa masiku atatu. Mitundu yina ya 2 ya matenda ashuga mwachangu. Koma ngati mutawatenga pa Mlingo wolakwika, ndiye kuti shuga akhoza kutsika mopitirira muyeso, ndipo munthu amatha kuzindikira. Zithandizo zachikhalidwe ndi zachinyengo, sizithandiza konse. Matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe amafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala, kulondola, kulondola. Mukamayesetsa kuchita zinthu mwachangu, mwachangu, mutha kungovulaza.

Muyenera kuti muli ndi matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba. Yankho lenileni la funsoli linaperekedwa m'nkhani yakuti: “Maphunziro azachilengedwe a matenda ashuga.” Mulimonsemo, zabwino zolimbitsa thupi mumapeza kuposa zovuta. Osasiya maphunziro akuthupi.Pambuyo poyesera kangapo, mupeza momwe mungakhalire shuga wabwinobwino musanayambe kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso pambuyo pake.

M'malo mwake, mapuloteni amawonjezera shuga, koma pang'onopang'ono komanso osatinso michere. Cholinga chake ndikuti gawo la mapuloteni adyidwa m'thupi limasandulika kukhala glucose. Werengani nkhani yakuti "Mapuloteni, Mafuta, Zakudya Zam'madzi, ndi CHIKWANGWANI CHA CHAKUDYA CHOKHALITSA" Ngati mutsatira zakudya zamafuta ochepa kuti muchepetse matenda ashuga, muyenera kuganizira kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni omwe mumadya kuti muwerenge kuchuluka kwa insulin. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe amadya chakudya chamagulu omwe amakhala ndi chakudya chambiri sazindikira mapuloteni. Koma ali ndi mavuto enanso ...

• Momwe mungayesere shuga ndi glucometer, kangati patsiku muyenera kuchita izi.
• Momwe mungasungire zolemba za matenda a shuga komanso motani
• Mitengo ya shuga m'magazi - chifukwa chake amasiyana ndi anthu athanzi.
• Zoyenera kuchita ngati shuga ndiwambiri. Momwe mungachepetse ndikuisunga bwino.
• Zida zamankhwala othandizira odwala matenda ashuga okalamba komanso otsogola.

Zomwe zili m'nkhaniyi ndiye maziko a pulogalamu yanu yolimbana ndi matenda a shuga. Kukhala ndi shuga wokhazikika, wathanzi, monga mwa anthu athanzi, ndizotheka kukwaniritsa ngakhale matenda a shuga 1, komanso makamaka ndi matenda a shuga 2. Mavuto ambiri sangathe kuchepetsedwa, komanso kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu. Kuti muchite izi, simuyenera kufa ndi njala, kuvutika m'makalasi ophunzitsa zolimbitsa thupi kapena kubaya Mlingo waukulu wa insulin. Komabe, muyenera kukulitsa kulanga kuti muzitsatira boma.

Zotsatira za matenda ashuga bongo

Kodi Matenda a Alzheimer Amatha Kukhala “Matenda a Bongo”? Ili ndiye lingaliro lokhazikika lomwe asayansi ena amagwiritsa ntchito pofotokoza kufanana pakati pa matenda. Zikuwonekeranso kuti anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga atha kukhala ndi dementia atakalamba. Funso likhalapo, bwanji? Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti kuyanjana ndi matenda a shuga kumathandizira kuti pakhale njira zatsopano zochiritsira matenda aubongo chifukwa cha ukalamba.

Matenda A shuga ndi Dementia: Kulumikizana

Dementia si matenda, koma vuto lomwe limayamba chifukwa cha matenda angapo, kuphatikizapo matenda a Alzheimer's. Dementia imadziwika ndi kutaya ntchito kwa ubongo, komwe kumakhudza kukumbukira, kulingalira, kuyankhula, kuganiza komanso kuchita. Izi ndi zonse zomwe zimasokoneza kuthekera kokhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a dementia ndizovuta kuzizindikira, chifukwa nthawi zambiri zimayamba zaka makumi ambiri Zizindikiro zisanazindikiridwe. Asayansi akuyamba kuyang'ana za nthawi yayitali kuti awunikire zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azikhala ndi dementia. Kafukufuku wamkulu adawonetsa kuti odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a 2, azaka zapakati pa 60 ndi akulu, anali ndi mwayi wopezeka ndi dementia wazaka zopitilira 11 kuposa anthu opanda shuga. Ofufuzawo adapeza kuti prediabetes (kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi ndiwabwinobwino koma osakwanira kuti azindikire matenda ashuga) kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a dementia. Kunenepa kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ya LDL ("yoyipa"), komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi - zochitika zodziwika bwino pakati pa anthu odwala matenda ashuga 2 - zimagwirizananso ndi matenda a dementia. Komabe, akatswiri ambiri amavomereza kuti matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 amakhalanso pachiwopsezo cha matenda a dementia. Kodi matenda ashuga amtundu 1 nawonso ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda a dementia? Asayansi akuti sizowonekeratu.

Izi zimabweretsa funso loti kuwongolera kwa shuga m'magazi kumakhudza chiopsezo cha matenda a dementia. Maphunziro ambiri pakadali pano ali ocheperako, ndipo ambiri a iwo amangoganiza ntchito yazothandiza ngati chiwongolero cha matenda a dementia. Vutoli ndikuti pakuchita kafukufuku woyenera, zambiri zazaka 5 mpaka 10 zimafunikira kutiapatse anthu nthawi yokhala ndi dementia.Kafukufuku wa 2011 adapeza kuti kasamalidwe kakakulu ka magazi (okhala ndi glycated hemoglobin HbA1c ochepera 6 peresenti) sikadalepheretse kukula kwa dementia.

Mtundu watsopano wa matenda ashuga?

Kufufuzanso kwina pakati pa ubale wa matenda ashuga ndi matenda a dementia kumakhala kovuta chifukwa chakuti dementia ili ndi zifukwa zingapo zosiyana. Matenda a Alzheimer ndi omwe amachititsa kwambiri anthu 60 mpaka 80 peresenti ya anthu odwala matenda a dementia. Matenda a Alzheimer's ndi matenda owopsa omwe amadziwika chifukwa chakutha kukumbukira pang'ono pang'ono komanso kuzindikira komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni mu ubongo.

Mtundu wachiwiri wofala kwambiri wa dementia ndi mtima. Ubwenzi wapakati pa matenda ashuga ndi mtima wambiri umakhala wowongoka ndipo umawononga mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imapereka michere ku ubongo. Ubwenzi ndi Alzheimer's suwonekeratu.

Monga kuchuluka kwa anthu, matenda a Alzheimer ndi vuto lomwe likukula. Matendawa ndi omwe amatsogolera anthu kufa. Malinga ndi akatswiri, nzika imodzi mwa anthu 8 ali ndi zaka 65 kapena kupitilira amadwala matenda a Alzheimer's, pomwe pafupifupi theka amakhala ndi matendawa atakwanitsa zaka 85. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amatha kupezeka ndi matenda a Alzheimer's poyerekeza ndi omwe alibe matenda ashuga. Pofuna kupewa ngozi ngati imeneyi, asayansi akufuna kuthamangitsa matenda. Ndipo kulumikizaku kukhoza kuchepetsedwa kukhala molekyulu imodzi: insulin.

Anthu ambiri amaphunzitsidwa kuti ubongo ndi "cholengedwa-chokha" - ndiye kuti ubongo wa cortex sufunika insulin kuti udyetse maselo ake. Komabe, insulin ndi yofunika kwambiri kuti ubongo uzigwira ntchito. Insulin imathandizira kuphunzira ndikukumbukira. Ngati insulin singathe kugwira ntchito yake m'malo ena amthupi, magazi a m'magazi amakwera, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga. Ngati insulin singagwire ntchito yake mu ubongo, njira yodziwira ndi kukumbukira imatha kukhala yotsika, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a Alzheimer's kapena, monga momwe akatswiri ena amachitcha.

Mitengo ya shuga mwa okalamba

Zaka 60 amaonedwa kuti ndi okalamba, kupatula mayiko ena otukuka kumene omwe azaka 65 amatchedwa achikulire.

Zaka zingapo isanafike tsiku lovomerezeka la kupuma pantchito, zovuta za metabolic zimayamba kukhazikika, kuphatikizapo carbohydrate metabolism. Kuyambira pafupifupi 60 m'thupi:

• kusala shuga ndende kumawonjezera
• kulolerana kwa shuga kumachepa.

Zizindikiro zothamanga za glucose (glycemia) zimatsimikizika pogwiritsa ntchito kusanthula kwa magazi "osachedwa", mwachitsanzo, "njala" pambuyo panjala yausiku nthawi yogona.

Mlingo wa glycemic pophunzira "m'mimba yopanda kanthu" - magazi omwe amachotsedwa pachala pambuyo pa kusala kudya kwa maola 8, amasiyana pang'ono patatha zaka 60 poyerekeza ndi mayeso a shuga azimayi achichepere.

Kulekerera kwa glucose kumatsimikiziridwa mukatha kudya. Sikoyenera kupenda kuchuluka kwa shuga munthu akangomaliza kudya, koma pakapita kanthawi.

Nthawi zambiri amayeza pambuyo pa mphindi 60 kapena pambuyo pa maola awiri. Glycemia uyu, yemwe amayeza pambuyo poti wadya, amatchedwa postprandial.

Kuti mudziwe mulingo wapamwamba chotani shuga wamagazi amakwera mwa munthu wamkulu pambuyo pa zaka 60 atatha kudya, sikofunikira kuchita mayeso a kulolera glucose kuchipatala. Ndikokwanira kugwiritsa ntchito mita nokha pambuyo pa chakudya chanu cham'mawa komanso chamasana.

Kusala shuga

Zomwe zimachitika mwa achikulire osakwana zaka 50 ndi 3.5 - 5.6 mmol / l. Mukamasala magazi, miyezo ya shuga mwa okalamba sasintha kwambiri ndi ukalamba.

Kukula kwa zaka 10 ndi 0.055 mmol / L. Popeza kuti zisonyezo za glucometer poyesa kuchuluka kwa glucose mu sampuli yamagazi a capillary, zimapereka mfundo zolondola mpaka khumi, mtengo wa 0.055 ndi wozungulira.

Gome: shuga amene amasala kudya kuchokera mu chala mwa amayi omwe ali m'magazi pambuyo pa zaka 60

Monga tawonera pa zisonyezo zomwe zaperekedwa patebulopo, kuchuluka kwa shuga mwa akazi opitilira 60 m'magazi kwenikweni sikosiyana ndi momwe achinyamata amakhala. Ndipo, polingalira za mita yolondola, yomwe imafika 10 - 20%, kusiyana kumatha kusiyidwa kwathunthu.

Mukasala kudya kuchokera kumitsempha, 6.1 ndiye chizolowezi cha shuga pakusala madzi am'magazi kwa amayi ndi abambo. Zaka zopitilira 10, zizolowezi zimachuluka, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi magazi a capillary, ndi 0.055.

Kwa magazi am'madzi amkati mwa amayi omwe ali ndi m'mimba yopanda kanthu, pambuyo pa zaka 60 mkhalidwe wa shuga ndi:

• kuyambira zaka 60 mpaka 70 - 6.21 mmol / l,
• kuyambira 70 - 80 wazaka - 6.3,
• kuyambira 80 - 90 wazaka - 6.32,
• Zaka 90 - 100 - 6.4.

Miyezo ya shuga yamagazi kuyambira chala ndi mtsempha ilibe kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi. Miyezo yachilendo yam magazi yomwe imatengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndi ukalamba, sasintha.

Onjezani shuga mutatha kudya

Kuchepa kwambiri kwa ukalamba ndi kuchepa kwa kulolera kwa glucose, komwe kumamveka ngati kuchuluka kosakwanira kwa shuga mutatha kudya komanso kutsika kwake pang'onopang'ono.

Mpaka wazaka 60, shuga wamagazi atatha kudya kuchokera ku chala komanso kuchokera m'madzi a m'magazi a m'milimita 4.5,

Adapereka mphotho 5:

• kunenepa kwambiri kuposa kwabwinobwino
• zaka zosakwana 65, koma kulimbitsa thupi sikokwanira,
• zaka kuyambira 45 mpaka 64.

Malipiro 9 olandila ngati msinkhu wa mkazi kapena wamwamuna woposa zaka 65. Chiwopsezo cha kukhala ndi matenda ashuga chimawerengedwa ngati chiwerengero chokwanira sichidutsa 3.

Pankhani ya 3 - 9 mfundo zonse, munthu ali m'gawo lothana ndi matenda ashuga. Zaka 65 ndi kuchuluka kwaopitilira 10 kumaonedwa ngati chiwopsezo chowonjezeka cha glycemia ndi chitukuko cha matenda a shuga.

Glycemia Pamwamba Mwachizolowezi

Zotsatira zakuthamanga glycemia zitha kukhala pakati pa malire, koma postprandial, i.e., mutatha kudya, shuga wowonjezera mu okalamba amatha kwambiri.

Ziwerengero zachipatala zimawonetsa kuti mu 60% ya okalamba omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga m'mawa, kuthamanga kwa glycemia kuli ngati malire. Nthawi yomweyo, 50-70% ya achikulire omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga 2 amakhala ndi chiwopsezo chosakwanira cha postprandial glycemia.

Zaka za munthu zikafika zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi, sikofunikira kungoyesa pamimba yopanda kanthu, komanso kudziwa pambuyo podyera pambuyo pa maola awiri kuchokera chakudya chomaliza.

Mutha kudziwa nokha postprandial glycemia. Izi ndizosavuta ngati muli ndi mita yamagazi. Ngati zotsatira za miyeso ingapo pamasiku osiyanasiyana zikukwera, i.e., manambala omwe ali pamwambapa 7.8 akuwonetsedwa pazenera la chipangizocho, muyenera kukaona endocrinologist kuti muthetse kukayikira, kapena kutsimikizira matendawa ndikuyamba chithandizo.

Matenda a shuga amapezeka mwa akazi ngati, atakwanitsa zaka 60 ndipo atatha msinkhu uno, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumapitilira zomwe zimachitika:

• pamimba yopanda kanthu kuchokera pa chala -> 6.1 mmol / l,
• miyezo pambuyo 2 hours kuchokera chala pambuyo chakudya cham'mawa - kuchokera 11.1 mmol / l.

Ngati mfundo za phunziroli pamimba yopanda kanthu zigwera pamigawo ya 6.1 - 6.9 mmol / l, ndiye mkhalidwe wa hyperglycemia umakulika. Zizindikiro za postprandial za 7.8 - 11.1 mmol / L zimawonetsa kuti kulolera kwa shuga kumakhala kovuta.

Zotsatira za kupatuka kuchoka ku chizolowezi

Mu okalamba, zizindikiro za hyperglycemia sizitchulidwa kwenikweni kuposa achinyamata ndi azaka zapakati.

Kukhazikika kwa matendawa kwa okalamba sikumayenderana ndi kunenepa kwambiri, m'malo mwake, kuwunika kwa matenda ashuga 2 nthawi zambiri kumayenderana ndi kunenepa kwam'mimba, pomwe kuzungulira kwa azimayi kumadutsa 88 cm, mwa amuna - 102 cm.

Nthawi zambiri, kunenepa kwam'mimba kumachitika mwa azimayi, kufupika kwa matenda amtunduwu kumachulukanso m'maiko ambiri padziko lapansi pakadutsa maulendo awiri.

Mphamvu zamanjenje ndi zam'mimba zimavutika kwambiri ndi shuga wambiri. Zomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a 2 ndi kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha ya muubongo (mikwingwirima) ndi kulowerera kwamitsempha, chifukwa cha kuphwanya kwamitsempha komwe magazi amayenda kulowa mu minofu ya mtima.

Chimodzi mwa zovuta ndi kusowa kwa matchulidwe azachipatala, njira ya kulowerera mwaubongo mwa "osalankhula", osapweteka. Zizindikiro za vuto la mtima mwa munthu wachikulire zimangokhala zofooka zakuthwa, kufupika.

Mkhalidwe wa kukhumudwa kwambiri ukukulira ndikuchulukirachulukira mwa okalamba, makamaka mwa azimayi. Kuopsa kwa mkhalidwe wopsinjika kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga 2 ndikuphwanya boma ndipo ngakhale kukana chithandizo, kumwa mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga.

Kulephera kuwongolera nthawi ya matenda ashuga kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha zovuta zam'mitsempha muubongo, zowonetsedwa:

• kusokonezeka kukumbukira
• kuchepa kwa chidwi,
• kulephera kuphunzira zinthu zatsopano.

Kusokonezeka kwa chizindikiritso kumaphwanya kuphunzitsidwa kwa odwala m'njira zothanirana ndi shuga, zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto azakudya omwe amakulitsa mwayi wamavuto owopsa.

Glycemia kutsika okalamba

Zovuta za okalamba zimaphatikizaponso kulephera kuwunika bwino momwe alili, komanso kuzindikira zizindikiro za kukhala ndi hypoglycemia. Zizindikiro zakuchepa kwa glycemia, zokhudzana ndi achinyamata komanso azaka zapakati, monga njala, kukoka pafupipafupi, kunjenjemera, okalamba atha kusakhalapo.

Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia mwa okalamba nthawi zambiri zimakhala:

• kusokonezeka kwa chikumbumtima
• ozengereza, ovuta kulankhula,
• kugona
• kukumbukira pang'ono
• kufooka.

Kutsitsa shuga m'magulu okalamba kumawoneka kwambiri pochiza matenda osokoneza bongo omwe ali ndi sulfonylureas ndi insulin.

Mwazi wochepa wa shuga mwa anthu atatha zaka 60 - 70 amatha kukhala ngati provocateur:

• zamkati zamtima,
• kuphipha kwamitsempha yamagazi yomwe imadyetsa ubongo ndi mtima,
• magazi amachepetsa ma capillaries, omwe amachititsa mapangidwe wamagazi.

Kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha ya mtima mwa okalamba kumatha kubweretsa kuphwanya pansi kwamtima, kufa mwadzidzidzi. Zowonongeka za kusowa kwa glucose kuubongo zimawonekera patatha zaka 60 - 65:

• pafupipafupi amagwa
• kuphwanya mgwirizano
• shaky gait.

Chiwopsezo chowonjezereka ndicho kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa glycemia - mitundu yayikulu komanso yotsika masana.

Kusintha kwakukulu mu glycemia kumakhala kofala kwambiri mwa azimayi ndipo ndi owopsa chifukwa cha chiwopsezo chachikulu cha kuperewera kwa hypoglycemic coma.

Ngati glycemia ya tsiku ndi tsiku mwa okalamba atatha kudya, mwachitsanzo, 12-14 mmol / L, kuchuluka kwa mayeso a m'mawa a 5.6 mmol / L kungakhale chizindikiro cha hypoglycemia ndikuwukira kumene.

Zikakhala choncho, muyenera kuyang'ana mita, ndipo ngati imagwira ntchito moyenera, yang'anani mozama momwe munthu wokalamba alili. Ngati hypoglycemia ikukayikiridwa, ambulansi imayitanidwa mwachangu.

Momwe mungasungire shuga mwachizolowezi

Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kowopsa m'magazi a mitsempha, chithandizo cha matenda ashuga 2 okalamba amabwera kutsogolo osati pakulamulira kwa glycemia, komanso kusunga magazi moyenera.

Zomwe zimachitika kwa okalamba, zomwe zimayenera kufunidwa kuti zithetse shuga, zimaganiziridwa, malinga ndi malingaliro a WHO, 135 mm RT. Art. - kupanikizika kwa systolic pa 85 - kukakamiza kwa diastolic.

Ngati nkotheka kukwaniritsa mfundo za kuthamanga kwa magazi, mwayi wamatenda am'mimba umachepetsedwa kwambiri.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero za WHO, kuyambira zaka 60, okalamba amakhala ndi matenda amtima komanso amitsempha angapo akufika pa 95%, matenda am'mimba amawonongeka mu 51% ya milandu.

Pomaliza

Kuthamanga kwa shuga m'magazi kumakula pang'ono ndi zaka. Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa glycemia ndi ukalamba kumadziwika pambuyo chakudya chilichonse.

Mkhalidwe wa odwala okalamba omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga 2 amawerengedwa osati kungogwiritsa ntchito kusanthula kwa kudya kwa glycemia, komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi atatha kudya kumayesedwa.

Mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga 2, okalamba, glycemia amatha kuonedwa atatha kudya ndi shuga wachilengedwe.

Mapuloteni owopsa

Chizindikiro chimodzi chakuthupi cha matenda a Alzheimer's ndi kupezeka kwa amyloid kapena chikhodzodzo - kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni muubongo wa anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa. Izi malembedwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu ubongo pokhapokha munthu atamwalira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azindikire matenda a Alzheimer. Koma pali njira zatsopano zoganizira zomwe zitha kuthandiza kuzindikira ziganizo mwa munthu wamoyo. M'mbuyomu, ofufuza ambiri adanenanso kuti malembawo adayambitsa matenda a dementia komanso zizindikiro zina za Alzheimer's. Koma mankhwala omwe amawononga zolembera adalephera kuthandiza odwala omwe akuyesedwa.

Chipangacho chimakhazikitsidwa ndi mapuloteni otchedwa amyloid beta. Mapuloteniwa amathandizira kuti ubongo uzigwira bwino ntchito, ngakhale cholinga chake sichikhala chinsinsi. (Protein ina, tau, imapangika m'mimba yotchedwa ma nodules ndipo imathandizanso ku matenda a Alzheimer's.) Amyloid beta ndi mapuloteni osasintha komanso omata ndipo, pazinthu zina, amayamba kupanga ziphuphu mosavuta. Njira yofananira imatha kuchitika m'maselo a pancreatic omwe amapanga insulin ndikuthandizira kukulitsa matenda a shuga. Amyloid beta imatha kupita kumbali ina, ndikupanga timagulu ting'onoting'ono totchedwa oligomers. Awa ndi mamolekyulu oopsa omwe ali chifukwa chenicheni cha matenda a Alzheimer's.

Kugwirizana pakati pa matenda a Alzheimer's ndi matenda a shuga kungakhale kuti kusowa kwa insulin muubongo kumawoneka ngati kukuthandizira kupangika kwa ma oligomers. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti ubongo wa nyama zokhala ndi matenda ashuga umadzaza ma oligomers. Insulin imapangitsa bongo kugonjetsedwa ndi ma oligomers. Kufanana kwina pakati pa matenda a Alzheimer's ndi matenda a shuga ndi kukana insulini (pamene maselo a thupi samayankha moyenera insulin), chinthu chachikulu mu matenda a shuga a 2. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti ubongo wa anthu omwe ali ndi Alzheimer's ndi insulin. Oligomers amatha kuyambitsa insulin kukana ndi gluing komanso kuwononga maselo aubongo. Chifukwa chake, kukana insulini kumatha kuyambitsa matenda a Alzheimer's, pochepetsa mphamvu ya ubongo yoganiza ndi kuphunzira kudzera pakupatsirana chizindikiro cha insulin.

Kusungidwa kwamalingaliro

Ngati matenda a Alzheimer's angothira kukana insulin, kuphatikizaponso kuchepa kwa insulin muubongo, pali mndandanda wautali wa omwe akufuna kulandira chithandizo ichi: mankhwala a shuga. Kafukufuku wochepa adayesa ngati anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lozindikira pang'ono kapena matenda a Alzheimer's amapinduladi ndi insulin yowonjezera mu ubongo. Pofikira kuzungulira kwa chotchinga mu magazi, chomwe chimawongolera kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi ingadutse mu ubongo, ophunzirawo adatenga insulin kudzera m'mphuno. Pambuyo pamiyezi inayi ya insulin ya mphuno, otenga nawo mbali anasintha pamayeso amakumbukidwe, ngakhale kuti kafukufuku wowonjezereka akufunika kuti atsimikizire phindu.

Komanso, pali chifukwa chokhulupirira kuti ntchitozi zimathandizira kupewa kuchepa kwa mtima:

• Yendani mwachangu tsiku lililonse
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi
• Sinthani mawu oyambira ndi masewera ena aluntha
• Phunzirani chilankhulo chatsopano
• Khalani ndi shuga wamagazi anu pafupi kwambiri
• Kukwaniritsa kulemera kwathanzi
• Sungani magazi anu pansipa 130/80 mmHg.
• Imwani zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi / li>
• Muchepetse mowa

Kuchepa kwa mtima

Matenda a shuga amadziwika kuti amayambitsa kuwonongeka m'mitsempha yamagazi mthupi, zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta monga matenda a mtima, retinopathy (m'maso), nephropathy (mu impso), ndi neuropathy (yomwe imakhudza mitundu yambiri yamitsempha). Kuperewera kwa mitsempha ya mtima kumachitika pamene magazi atuluka kulowa mu ubongo asokonezedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi awonongeke m'mitsempha yamagazi yopita ku ubongo. Mtundu wa matenda amtunduwu nthawi zambiri umachitika chifukwa cha mikwingwirima kapena ma microstroke, omwe nthawi zambiri sawonekera.Monga angina pectoris, pali njira zoyenera zopewera matenda amisala. Zomwe zili zabwino mtima, zothandiza bongo, kusunga magazi, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi cholesterol pang'onopang'ono zingathandize kuti ubongo ndi mitsempha ya magazi ake zizigwira ntchito bwino.

Kodi ndizotheka kutenga matenda a shuga kuchokera m'maswiti?

Moyo wokoma nthawi zambiri umabweretsa mavuto azaumoyo. Kodi pali matenda ashuga kuchokera ku maswiti? Malinga ndi WHO, ku Russia anthu mamiliyoni asanu ndi anayi ndi theka amalembetsedwa mwalamulo ndi matenda ashuga. Malinga ndi kulosera kwa zamankhwala, pofika chaka cha 2030 chiwerengerochi ku Russian Federation chidzafika 25 miliyoni.

Sakufunikira chithandizo chamankhwala, koma ayenera kusintha moyo wawo kuti asafe msanga chifukwa cha matenda ashuga. Kulipira chifukwa chokonda kugula maswiti otchipa kungakhale shuga.

Aliyense womaliza maphunziro pasukuluyi ayenera kukhala wokhoza kuthetsa machitidwe osiyanasiyana, koma sangathe kudzipangira njira yochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, yolingana ndi kuthekera kwake, kapena zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku. Pakadali pano, Unduna wa Zaumoyo umachenjeza kuti: "Maswiti amachititsa kuti anthu azidwala matenda ashuga!" Kodi zakudya zamafuta onse ndizowopsa kwa anthu athanzi, ndipo zochuluka motani?

Zoyambitsa matenda ashuga

Madokotala ambiri amati matenda ashuga, makamaka a chiwiri, ndi kobwezera moyo wawo ndi zomwe amakonda. Tikamadya osati chifukwa tili ndi njala, koma kuti tikwaniritse nthawi yathu, tukulimbikitsani mizimu yathu komanso ngakhale titangokhala ndi nthawi yayitali, kusintha kovuta mu dongosolo la endocrine sikulephera. Chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda asymptomatic ndi kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi, omwe amatha kupezeka ndi kufufuza kulikonse.

Njira yogaya chakudya imaphwanya shuga kuchokera kwa chakudya cham'madzi (ma pastries, chimanga, pasitala, mbatata, maswiti, zipatso) mu glucose, fructose, ndi sucrose. Glucose okha ndiomwe amapereka mphamvu yangwiro kwa thupi. Mlingo wake mwa anthu athanzi umachokera pa 3,3-5.5 mmol / L, maola 2 mutatha chakudya - mpaka 7 mmol / L. Ngati chizolowezicho chidapitilira, ndizotheka kuti munthu adya kwambiri maswiti kapena ali kale ndi vuto la matenda a shuga.

Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a shuga a 2 ndikuwukaniza kwa maselo kupita ku insulin yawo yomwe thupi limapanga mopitirira muyeso. Kashiamu yamafuta yomwe imatseka khungu mu vuto la kunenepa kwam'mimba, pomwe masitolo amafuta akhazikika kwambiri pamimba, amachepetsa chidwi cha mahomoni. Mafuta ochulukirapo, omwe amakhala pakatikati pa ziwalo, amalimbikitsa kupanga mahomoni omwe amachititsa shuga yachiwiri.

Gwero lalikulu lamafuta lomwe limayikidwa pazinthu zamafuta si mafuta, monga momwe anthu ambiri amaganizira, koma zopatsa mphamvu zamafuta, kuphatikiza maswiti. Mwa zina:

• Heredity - mtundu woyamba komanso wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga ali ndi vuto lobadwa nawo (5-10%), zochitika zakunja (kusowa masewera olimbitsa thupi, kunenepa kwambiri) zimakulitsa chithunzicho.
• Matenda - matenda ena (ma mumps, kachilombo ka Coxsackie, rubella, cytomegalovirus atha kukhala choyambitsa poyambitsa matenda a shuga,
• Kunenepa kwambiri - minofu ya adipose (minofu yolimbitsa thupi - oposa 25 kg / sq. M) imagwira ntchito chotchinga chomwe chimachepetsa kugwira ntchito kwa insulin,
• Hypertension komanso kunenepa kwambiri komanso matenda ashuga amaonedwa ngati chinthu chimodzi chosagawanika,
• Atherosulinosis - vuto la lipid metabolism limathandizira kuti pakhale mapangidwe opendekera ndikuchepetsa bedi lamitsempha, chamoyo chonse chimakhala ndi kusowa bwino kwa magazi - kuchokera ku ubongo kupita kumapeto.

Anthu okalamba okhwima nawonso ali pachiwopsezo: funde loyamba la mliri wa matenda a shuga limalembedwa ndi madokotala pambuyo pa zaka 40, lachiwiri - pambuyo 65. Matenda a shuga amaphatikizika ndi atherosulinosis yamitsempha yamagazi, makamaka yomwe imapereka magazi ku kapamba.

Mwa 4% ya obwera kumene omwe chaka chilichonse amachita nawo matenda ashuga, 16% ndi anthu opitilira 65.

Odwala omwe ali ndi hepatic komanso a revo pathologies, azimayi omwe ali ndi ovary ya polycystic, anthu omwe amakhala ndi moyo wongokhala, komanso aliyense amene amamwa mankhwala a steroid ndi mitundu ina ya mankhwala, amathandizanso mndandanda wachisoni.

Mutha kupeza matenda ashuga mukakhala ndi pakati. Ngati kulemera kwa wakhanda kupitirira 4 makilogalamu, izi zikuwonetsa kuti mzimayi anali ndi kudumpha mu shuga panthawi ya bere, kapamba poyankha adakulitsa kupanga insulini ndipo kulemera kwa fetal kumawonjezeka. Mwana wakhanda amathanso kukhala wathanzi (ali ndi njira yake yogaya), koma amayi ake ali kale ndi matenda osokoneza bongo.Pangozi ndi ana osabadwa, popeza kapamba wawo amapangidwa kale.

Zizindikiro kuti mukudya shuga wambiri muvidiyoyi

Matenda A shuga: Zabodza ndi Zowona

Kufotokozera kwa akatswiri pazakudya za munthu wodwala matenda ashuga sikuti kumamvedwa ndi anthu osakhudzidwa, chifukwa chake anthu amafunitsitsa kufalitsa nthano, ndikuwalemeretsa ndi zatsopano.

1. Aliyense amene amadya maswiti ambiri amadwala matenda ashuga. Ngati zakudya zili zofunikira komanso njira za metabolic zimakhala zabwinobwino, chisamaliro chokwanira chimaperekedwa ku masewera ndipo palibe mavuto amtundu, kapamba ndiwathanzi, maswiti abwino komanso osakwanira malire sangakhale othandiza.
2. Mutha kuthana ndi matenda a shuga ndi wowerengeka azitsamba. Mankhwala azitsamba angagwiritsidwe ntchito pokhapokha ngati pali zovuta kuchiza, endocrinologist yekha ndi amene amatha kusintha mlingo wa insulin ndi mankhwala a hypoglycemic.
3. Ngati pali odwala matenda ashuga m'banjamo, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda ashuga wayandikira 100%. Malinga ndi malingaliro onse, moyo wathanzi, chiopsezo kupha kapamba wanu ndizochepa.
4. Mowa umathandizira kuchepetsa magazi. Pakalibe insulin, adayesa kuchitira odwala matenda ashuga. Koma kusintha kwakanthawi pang'ono mu glucometer kumangofotokozedwa pokhapokha ngati mowa umaletsa kupanga glucogen ndi chiwindi, koma umalepheretsa ntchito zake zonse.
5. Shuga akhoza kusinthidwa ndi fructose otetezeka. Zopatsa mphamvu za calorie ndi glycemic index ya fructose siziposa shuga woyenga. Imamumwedwa pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa chake zotsatila zakepi sichiwonetseratu, mulimonse, okhawo omwe amamugulitsa amangowona ngati chakudya. Zokoma sizilinso zosankha: konse, izi ndizopanda tanthauzo, ndipo koopsa, ma carcinogens oopsa.
6. Ngati mayi ali ndi shuga wambiri, sayenera kutenga pakati. Ngati mayi wachinyamata wathanzi lathunthu alibe mavuto chifukwa cha matenda ashuga, pokonzekera kukhala ndi pakati, amangofunika kukayezetsa ndi kuopsa kwakukulu kuti madokotala sangatsutse pakati
7. Ndi shuga wambiri, masewera olimbitsa thupi amakhala otsutsana. Kuchita minofu ndikofunikira pakuchizira matenda ashuga, chifukwa kumathandizira kukonza kagayidwe kazakudya ndi shuga.

Kanemayo mutha kuwona zokambirana ndi Purezidenti wa Russian Diabetes Association M.V. Bogomolov, poyankha pamalingaliro onse komanso zowona zazokhudza matenda a shuga.

Kupereka maswiti komanso kupewa matenda ashuga

Magawo awiri mwa atatu a anthu onenepa ali ndi vuto la kuyamwa kwa shuga. Izi sizitanthauza kuti mukakana makeke, maswiti ndi koloko wokoma, mumachotsedwa mu gulu la oopsa. Kulemera kwake kumalimbikitsidwa ndi kupezeka kwakanthawi kwa chakudya chamafuta m'zakudya:

• Mpunga wopukutidwa,
• Zinthu zopangidwa ndi ufa wa premium,
• Yoyengedwa shuga ndi fructose.

Musayese kuchuluka kwa kagayidwe kanu mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zophatikizika pang'ono:

• Brown paddy mpunga
• Zinthu zophika buledi kuchokera ku ufa wopanda nzeru ndi chinangwa,
• Mbewu zonse za chimanga
• Shuga wodera.

Ngati zizindikiro za mita sizili kudandaula, mutha kudzisangalatsanso ndi chokoleti kapena nthochi - ma antidepressants achilengedwe omwe amathandizira kupanga endorphin - mahomoni osangalatsa. Ndikofunika kuthana ndi izi kuti kuthana ndi nkhawa mothandizidwa ndi zakudya zamagulu owonjezera sichinthu chizolowezi. Choyamba, chenjezo ili likugwira ntchito kwa omwe matupi awo amayamba kunenepa kwambiri kapena ali ndi abale omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga m'banja.

Ngati pali zovuta zina za matenda a shuga zomwe zilipo, kupewa kuyenera kuchitidwa mwachangu. Mfundo zake zachidule ndizosavuta komanso zotheka kupezeka.

1. Zakudya zoyenera. Makolo amafunika kuwongolera kudya kwa ana. Ku America, kumene kashiamu ya sopo imadziwika kuti ndi chakudya cham'madzi nthawi zonse, gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a ana limakhala ndi kunenepa kwambiri komanso mtundu wa 2 shuga.
2. Kuthetsa madzi m'thupi.Kusintha kwa glucose sikungatheke popanda madzi oyera. Imafinya magazi, imalepheretsa mapangidwe azigazi, imayenda bwino ndi magazi ake. Kapu ya madzi musanadye iyenera kukhala yofala. Palibe zakumwa zina zomwe zidzasinthe madzi.
3. Zakudya zochepa za carb Ngati pali zovuta ndi kapamba, kuchuluka kwa chimanga, zamapichesi, masamba omwe amakula pansi pa nthaka, zipatso zotsekemera ziyenera kuchepetsedwa. Izi zimachepetsa katundu pa endocrine system, kuthandizira kuchepetsa thupi.
4. Mitundu yoyenera ya minofu. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zatsiku ndi tsiku zokhudzana ndi msinkhu komanso mkhalidwe waumoyo ndizofunikira kwambiri kupewa kupewa matenda ashuga okha, komanso mtima wa mtima ndi zovuta zina zambiri. Kulimbitsa thupi mopitilira muyeso kumatha kulowedwa ndikuyenda mu mpweya watsopano, kukwera masitepe (m'malo mwa chikepe), masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi adzukulu, komanso njinga m'malo mwagalimoto.
5. Kuchita koyenera kupsinjika. Choyamba, tiyenera kupewa kulumikizana ndi anthu ankhanza, ma pessimist, odwala omwe ali ndi mphamvu zochepa, kuyesetsa kukhala mwamtendere m'malo alionse, osagonjera chifukwa chokwiyitsa. Kukana zizolowezi zoipa (zakumwa zoledzeretsa, kusuta fodya), ndikuti kumachepetsa nkhawa, kumathandizanso kulimbitsa thupi komanso kupewa chitetezo chamthupi. Muyeneranso kuwunika mtundu wa kugona, chifukwa kusowa tulo nthawi zonse kumakhudzanso thanzi lam'mutu.
6. Kusamalira nyengo ya chimfine. Popeza ma virus amatha kuyambitsa njira ya autoimmune yomwe imayambitsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga, matenda ayenera kutayidwa posachedwa. Kusankhidwa kwa mankhwala sikuyenera kuvulaza kapamba.
7. Kuyang'anira shuga. Mitundu yamakono ya moyo sicholola kuti aliyense alabadire thanzi lawo. Aliyense amene ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga kunyumba ndi mu labotale, kujambula kusintha kwa zolemba, ndikuyankhulana ndi endocrinologist.

Malinga ndi International Diabetes Association, padziko lonse lapansi pali anthu 275 miliyoni odwala matenda ashuga. Posachedwa, njira zakuchiritsira, komanso momwe amaonera matendawa, zasintha kwambiri, pakati pa madokotala ndi odwala. Ndipo ngakhale kuti katemera wa matenda ashuga sanapangidwe, odwala matenda ashuga ali ndi mwayi wokhala ndi moyo wabwino. Ambiri aiwo akwanitsa zotsatira zabwino pamasewera, ndale, komanso zaluso. Vutoli limakulitsidwa kokha chifukwa cha kusazindikira ndi kusachita kwathu, komwe kumapangitsidwa ndi malingaliro olakwika ndi zigamulo. Kodi matenda a shuga angayambike kuchokera ku maswiti?

Sikuti maswiti omwe amatsogolera ku matenda ashuga, koma kulemera kowonjezera kumene theka la anthu aku Russia aliwonse amakhala nako. Zilibe kanthu kuti adakwaniritsa bwanji izi - makeke kapena soseji.

Pulogalamu "Live wathanzi" pa kanemayo, pomwe Pulofesa E. Malysheva anena za nthano za matenda ashuga, ndikutsimikizanso kwina:

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi amuna: gome

Musanakumane ndi glycemia wabwinobwino, muyenera kudziwa kusiyana pakati pa kuyezetsa magazi kuchokera ku "mtsempha" ndi "chala". Kusiyana kwakukulu ndikuti madokotala amalandila magazi am'mimba panthawi yachitsanzo kuchokera mu mtsempha, ndi magazi a capillary panthawi yachitsanzo kuchokera pachala.

M'malo mwake, kuchuluka kwa glycemic ndikofanana pakuwunika kulikonse. Koma mukamamwa mitsempha kuchokera mu mtsempha, madokotala amatha kupeza chidziwitso chodalirika. Kuti mudziwe zolondola, wodwalayo ayenera kuphunzitsidwa. Choyamba, muyenera kupeleka magazi kokha pamimba yopanda kanthu. Zololedwa kokha kumwa madzi oyeretsedwa opanda mpweya. Ndikofunika kuti musasambe mano anu mpanda usanachitike, popeza phala lingakhale ndi shuga.

Komanso, tsiku loyambirira la mayesowo, ndikosayenera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri kapena kudya zakudya zamafuta ambiri. Mowa umatha kusokoneza zotsatira za kafukufuku.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikwabwinobwino mwa akazi pazaka:

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndimwazonse kwa amuna ndi zaka:

Tebulo ili lidzakhala lolondola chimodzimodzi, ngakhale madotolo atapima magazi - capillary (kuchokera pachala) kapena venous (kuchokera pamitsempha).

Gome lachiwindi la glycated hemoglobin kuti aliyense azikhala ndi shuga:

Pa nthawi yoyembekezera, kuchuluka kwa glycemic ndi 3.3-6.0 mmol / L. Kuchulukitsa chizindikiro cha 6.6 mmol / l kumawonetsa kupita patsogolo kwa matenda ashuga.

Hypoglycemia: zoyambitsa ndi zizindikiro

Hypoglycemia ndi mkhalidwe wa m'magazi momwe mulingo wa glycemia uli pansi 3.3 mmol / L. Mu odwala matenda ashuga, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo a insulin kapena mankhwala amkamwa a hypoglycemic.

Ndikupanga hypoglycemia, wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kudya maswiti kapena chinthu china chomwe chili ndi mafuta osavuta. Ngati vutoli layamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mapiritsi a insulin kapena mapiritsi ochepetsera shuga, kusintha kachitidwe ka mankhwala kumafunika.

Shuga wotsika magazi amathanso kuyambitsidwa ndi:

• Kulimbitsa thupi kwambiri.
• Kusintha kwa mahomoni.
• Njala kapena kudziletsa kwa nthawi yayitali chakudya (zoposa maola 6).
• Kumwa mowa.
• Kumwa mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa zochita za insulin.
• Insulinoma.
• Ma autoimmune pathologies.
• Matenda a khansa.
• Virtual hepatitis ndi matenda enaake.
• Kulephera kwamkati kapena mtima.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zithandizira kudziwa mtundu wathunthu wodziwa matenda. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikufuna kuwunikira zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti shuga yatsika pang'ono m'magazi.

Nthawi zambiri, wodwalayo amakhala ndi chizungulire, chisokonezo, kuzizira, njala, mantha. Khungu limakhala lotuwa, ndipo zimachitika mwachangu. Pali kuphwanya mgwirizano wamachitidwe. Kuchuluka kwa zala ndizotheka. Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatsika ndi 2.2 mmol / l, wodwalayo wayamba kulankhula, kutentha kwa thupi kumatsika kwambiri, ndipo kumachitika.

Ngati simukuchita zoyenera, wodwalayo agwa. Palibe ngakhale chakupha chomwe chitha.

Hyperglycemia: zoyambitsa ndi zizindikiro

Hyperglycemia ndi mkhalidwe wa m'magazi momwe mumakhala kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwa shuga. Hyperglycemia imapezeka ngati kuchuluka kwa glucose kosala kupitirira 6.6 mmol / L.

Monga lamulo, izi zimawonedwa mu mtundu 1 ndi mtundu 2 matenda a shuga. Ndi insell -us yodalira matenda a shuga (mtundu 1), pamakhala kuthekera kwakukulu kokulira kwa hyperglycemic coma, chifukwa maselo apamba amalephera kutulutsa insulin yokwanira.

Kuphatikiza pa shuga, hyperglycemia imatha kuputa:

1. Kupsinjika.
2. Nthawi yobereka mwana. Ndi matenda a shuga a gestational, kuchuluka kosavuta kwa shuga kumatha kuwonedwa panthawi yoyamwitsa.
3. Kugwiritsa ntchito glucocorticosteroids, njira zakulera za pakamwa, beta-blockers, glucagon.
4. Matenda a mtima. Odwala okalamba amatha kudwala matenda a hyperglycemia pambuyo poti adwala matenda a mtima kapena a mtima.
5. Kudya zakudya zambiri zamatumbo. Mwa njira, zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi GI yayikulu (glycemic index) zimatha kubweretsa kukula kwa kunenepa kwambiri ndi matenda a shuga 2.
6. Matenda a hepatobiliary system.
7. Oncological pathologies.
8. Matenda a kapamba. Mlingo wa glycemia ukhoza kuchuluka mu chizolowezi cha kapamba.
9. Cushing's Syndrome.
10. Matenda opatsirana.

Mu odwala matenda ashuga, hyperglycemia imakonda kuchitika pamene endocrinologist amasankha molakwika wa insulin kapena hypoglycemic wothandizira. Pankhaniyi, ndikotheka kuyimitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa kuwongolera dongosolo la chithandizo. Insulin ingasinthidwe.Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito insulin yaumunthu, popeza imatha kuyamwa bwino komanso kulolera bwino odwala.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa glycemia kukwera, wachinyamata kapena wamkulu amakumana ndi zotsatirazi:

• Kukodza pafupipafupi. Mluza umatuluka mkodzo.
• Ludzu lalikulu.
• Kununkhira kwa acetone kuchokera mkamwa.
• Mutu.
• Kuzindikira koperewera.
• Zowonongeka.
• Kuphwanya munjira yogaya chakudya.
• Kuchuluka kwa miyendo.
• Kukhumudwitsa.
• Kukulira m'makutu.
• Khungu loyera.
• Kusokonezeka kwa mtima.
• Kumva nkhawa, kupsa mtima, kusakwiya.
• Kutsitsa magazi.

Ngati zizindikiro zomwe zili pamwambazi zikuwoneka, muyenera kuyimbira ambulansi. Madokotala asanafike, wodwalayo amafunika kupatsidwa madzi ambiri ndikupukuta khungu ndi thaulo lonyowa.

Momwe mungasinthire shuga m'magazi?

Zizindikiro zovomerezeka za glycemia zawonetsedwa kale pamwambapa. Ngati hypoglycemia imayang'aniridwa, ndiye kuti wodwalayo ayenera kuyesedwa kwathunthu. Kusintha kwa maboma boma kumatha kuchitika pokhapokha kuchotsa chomwe chimayambitsa izi. Ngati hypoglycemia idakwiyitsidwa ndi mlingo wosankhidwa bwino wa insulin kapena mapiritsi, kusintha koyenera kumapangidwa.

Ndi shuga wambiri, muyenera kukayezanso kuti mupeze zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Ngati matendawa adawonetsa kuti hyperglycemia idakwiyitsidwa ndi matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti wodwalayo akulimbikitsidwa:

1. Ikani mankhwala. Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, thupi limalephera kutulutsa insulin, ndiye kuti insulin ndiyo maziko a mankhwalawo. Ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2, mapiritsi a hypoglycemic piritsi amatha kugawidwa ndi (Glucobay, Metformin, Glidiab, Glibenclamide, Januvia, Acarbose). Koma kuwonjezereka kwa matendawa kumatithandizanso kudziwa jakisoni wa insulin.
2. Yang'anani magazi anu pafupipafupi. Izi zitha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito gluroeterical glucometer. M'pofunika kuti muzipanga katatu katatu patsiku - pamimba yopanda kanthu, mutatha kadzutsa komanso musanagone. Kupatuka kulikonse kuyenera kudziwitsidwa kwa dokotala. Kuwongolera mphamvu zamatenda kumateteza kupewetsa matenda ashuga ndi zina.
3. Tsatirani zakudya. Ndi matenda 2 a shuga, kudya kwamphamvu kumasonyezedwa kuposa matenda ashuga 1. Ndi hyperglycemia, zakudya zochepa za GI ziyenera kukhala m'zakudya. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amasangalala kuti adye kangati panthawi. Ndikofunika kuti musamadye kwambiri magalamu 300-400 a chakudya pachakudya chilichonse. Chakudya chamagulu ndizovomerezeka.
4. Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi. Odwala ochokera pagulu lakale (kuyambira azaka 60) amatha kuyenda ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Masewera ena ndi oyeneranso achinyamata odwala matenda ashuga, makamaka kuthamanga, kusambira, kupalasa njinga, masewera, mpira, ndi basketball. Katundu azikhala woyenera koma wokhazikika.

Kuti muchepetse shuga m'magazi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito wowerengeka azitsamba. Tincture wotsimikiziridwa bwino wa masamba a mtedza, decoction ya acorns, Brussels amatumphuka madzi, decoction ya linden, sinamoni-uchi kusakaniza.

Komanso pazolinga zothandizira, zowonjezera zamankhwala zokhazikitsidwa zochokera ku zitsamba ndi ma poltivitamini zovuta zimayikidwa. Mankhwalawa amatha kupitiliza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa komanso kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi.