Kukonzekera kupereka magazi a cholesterol

Mlingo wa cholesterol ndi chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri pakuwunika kwa magazi. Zowonadi zake, kukhudzidwa kwake kumakhudza kwambiri ntchito yamtima wamthupi ndipo zimayambitsa zotsatirapo zoyipa kwambiri.

Komabe, choopsa chachikulu ndikuti zizindikiritso za kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ndizosatheka kuzindikira poyambira kukonzekera kwa matenda.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake patatha zaka 30, madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti azipereka magazi chaka chilichonse pofuna kuwunika kuchuluka kwa cholesterol. Chifukwa chake, chitukuko cha atherosulinosis, matenda ashuga ndi matenda ena ofunikira omwe amafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala amatha kupezeka munthawi yake.

Momwe mungakonzekerere zopereka zamagazi?

Kuti zotsatira zake zizikhala zolondola momwe zingathere, ndikofunikira kutsatira malingaliro ena a madokotala. Lamulo lalikulu - musanayeze magazi a cholesterol, ndimaletsedwa kudya. Ndikofunika kupewa kudya zakudya zamafuta ndi mowa maola 48 musanapereke magazi, komanso kudya zakudya zina zilizonse - maola 8-10 musanapereke magazi.

Kupanda kutero, zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zimabwera kuchokera ku chakudya, kulowa m'magazi, kusintha mawonekedwe ake, zomwe, zimakhudza zotsatira za kusanthula kwa zamankhwala.

Komanso, asanapereke magazi, madokotala amalimbikitsa:

1. Kuti mupange kusanthula kwakanthawi pakati pa 8 ndi 10 m'mawa, panthawiyi njira zonse zachilengedwe zimachitika mosadukiza, ndipo kumva kwam'mawa njala kulibe mphamvu.
2. Musanapereke magazi, nkoletsedwa kumwa zakumwa zilizonse, monga tiyi. Madzi akumwa oyera okha ndi amene amaloledwa.
3. Kwa milungu ingapo musanabadwe (kupatulapo masiku awiri omalizira), ndikofunika kuti muzidya zakudya zam'mbuyomu osayesa kuzikonza. Mosakayikira, izi zikutsogolera kusintha kwa deta, koma ndicholinga chanu kuti mudziwe momwe thanzi lanu lilili.
4. Ndi osafunika kwambiri kupereka magazi panthawi ya chimfine ndi matenda ena opweteka kwambiri a ma virus. Ngati wodwala akudwala, ndikofunika kusamutsira magazi ndikumatenga masiku angapo pambuyo pathunthu la thanzi.
5. Sikoyenera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kukhala ndi zochitika zovuta masana musanagonjere. Ngati ndi kotheka, kukwera masitepe kuofesi yomwe mukufuna, musanamwe magazi ndibwino kudikira mphindi 10 mpaka kupuma komanso kugunda kwa mtima.
6. Palibe kusuta komwe kumaloledwa maola awiri asanafike.
7. Ndikofunikira kudziwitsa dokotala yemwe amapereka kuti akayezeze magazi pazokhudza kumwa mankhwala aliwonse. Chifukwa chake katswiriyu sangangoganizira izi pofufuza zotsatira, komanso kukuwuzani momwe mungakonzekerere moyenera mayesowo a cholesterol, osasokoneza chithandizo chamankhwala omwe adalandira kale.

Kuyesa kwa magazi pa biochemical kwa cholesterol ndi zotsatira zake

Ndikwabwino kupereka magazi m'malo abwino azachipatala, omwe ali ndi ma labotale amakono omwe amakupatsani mwayi wodalirika kwambiri.

Katswiri yemwe akugwira ntchito kumeneko adzakuwuzani mwatsatanetsatane momwe njirayi ichitikira, chifukwa chake, wodwalayo amangofunika njira zochepa zazokonzekera koyambirira tafotokozazi. Monga lamulo, magazi amatengedwa kuchokera mu mtsempha, koma nthawi zina, magazi kuchokera pachala angafunike kuti awunikenso. Zotsatira zake zimakhala zokonzekera patatha maola angapo kapena tsiku lotsatira.

Pali njira zingapo zogwiritsira ntchito ma labotale zomwe zimakhazikika pakuwunika kwa seramu yamagazi, ndiko kuti, madzi am'magazi omwe akusowa fibrinogen. Seramu imawonedwa ngati yokhazikika komanso kuphatikiza njira zamakono zosanthula zimakupatsani mwayi wolondola kwambiri.

Njira zofufuzira zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso zogwiritsidwa ntchito masiku onse ndizo:

• Njira ya Zlatkis-Zach,
• Njira za Ilka,
• Njira ya Liberman-Burchard.

Kulondola kwa zidziwitso zomwe zimapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito njirazi ndizofanana, zimasiyana posankha ma reagents, pazovuta komanso nthawi yamachitidwe.

Kudzisankhira pazotsatira

Pakupita maola angapo kapena tsiku lotsatira mudzalandira fomu yokhala ndi zotsatirazi, zomwe mutha kudziulula nokha kapena kuonana ndi dokotala. Monga lamulo, zizindikiritso zonse zalembedwa mu Chirasha, ndipo zikhalidwe zimawonetsedwa kumanja kwa zotsatira, zomwe zimatha kusintha pang'ono kutengera ndi data yachipatala. Chiyeso chokhazikitsidwa ndi muyeso ndi mmol / L. Otsatirawa ndi chitsanzo cha mawonekedwe opanda kanthu pazotsatira zakuwunika za biochemical.

Monga lamulo, cholesterol mu kusanthula kwa zamankhwala amuzolengedwa ngati "Full cholesterol" kapena zilembo zaku Russia "XC". Matchulidwe ena samabweretsa zovuta. Komabe, mayina olembedwa mu Chingerezi kapena Chilatini samapezeka kwambiri, zomwe zimabweretsa zovuta kwa munthu wamba kusankha. Izi ndichifukwa chakuchita kafukufukuyu mwanjira yopanga zokha, ndiye kuti mawonekedwe amadzazidwa ndi owunika omwe amapanga kunja, wogwira ntchito yolembera amangopereka zitsanzo zamagazi pakuwerengera.

Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri pamapangidwe omwe mumatha kuwona:

• Chol kapena (cholesterol) - cholesterol yathunthu,
• HDL kapena (lipotrotein yapamwamba) - lipoproteins yapamwamba,
• LDL kapena (otsika kachulukidwe lipoprotein) - otsika kachulukidwe lipoprotein.

Mwambiri, kuyezetsa kwamwazi wamagazi ndi kufufuza kwazomwe zimapangika pazomwe zimapangidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe ndi mankhwala, zomwe zikuluzikulu ndizapuloteni, mafuta, chakudya, triglycerides, lipids, ndi zina zambiri. Pofuna kukwanira, kuwonjezera pa cholesterol yathunthu, kuchuluka kwa HDL - tizigawo tating'onoting'ono tambiri komanso ndende ya LDL - zidutswa zake za ma atherogenic zimawonetsedwa mwachindunji pa mawonekedwe amafufuzidwe a cholesterol.

C cholesterol chonse

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi kumatanthauza zonse zomwe zimakhala ndizigawo zosiyanasiyana zokhala ndi atherogenicity, ndiko kuti, kukhazikika pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi. Nthawi zambiri, mulingo wake ndi pafupifupi 3 mmol / L, zizindikiro pamwamba pa 4 mmol / L zimawerengedwa ngati kuphwanya lamulo komwe kumafunikira chithandizo. Komabe, zizindikiro za cholesterol yathunthu zimadalira m'badwo wake, pafupi zaka 50, mulingo wa 5 mmol / l umadziwika kuti ndiwofala. Pansipa pali tebulo la cholesterol yathunthu malinga ndi zaka za munthu.

Mlingo wa cholesterol wathunthu utasinthana ndi chizolowezi, chiopsezo chokhala ndi atherosulinosis chimachulukirachulukira. Pakachulukitsa, gawo lofunikira limakhazikika pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi ndikupanga ma cholesterol plaque omwe amalepheretsa kayendedwe ka magazi. The kwambiri chizindikiro cha okwana mafuta m'thupi, mwachangu njira izi zimachitika, chifukwa chake, pakuchepa kupatuka kwachizolowezi, wodwala amafunikira chithandizo chokwanira chonse.

Ma lipoproteins apamwamba kwambiri, kapena otchedwa "cholesterol yabwino," sakhala pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti samawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi atherosulinosis ndi zotsatira zake. Kuphatikiza apo, amathandizira kutsekeka ndikuchotsedwa kwamafuta omwe amadzaza m'thupi. Ma boleng omwe ali pamlingo wa 0.9-2 mmol / L amawonedwa ngati abwinobwino. Koma kachiwiri, kuphatikiza kwawo kumadalira zaka.

Ndi makulidwe a HDL otsika kuposa 0.9 mmol / L, chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda amtima chambiri chikuwonjezeka. Kuonjezera milingo ya lipoproteins yapamwamba kwambiri, wodwalayo amapatsidwa polisi. Mpaka pano, ma fiber ndi othandiza kwambiri pazolinga izi.

Mapulogalamu ocheperako a lipoproteins kapena "cholesterol yoyipa" - awa, limodzi ndi ma lipoprotein otsika kwambiri, pamtunda wambiri, amakhala pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi, kenako amapanga cholesterol plaques omwe amalepheretsa magazi kuyenda bwino. Nthawi zambiri, cholembera chawo sichyenera kupitilira 3.5 mmol / l.

Ndikothekanso kuchepetsa kuchulukirapo pang'ono kwa chizolowezi cha LDL mwa 1-1.5 mmol / l mothandizidwa ndi zakudya zopangidwa ndi hypocholesterol. Ngati pakuchepa kwambiri, wodwalayo amafunikira chithandizo chovuta kwambiri, chomwe chimaphatikizaponso kugwiritsa ntchito ma statins, kutsatira njira yodziwika bwino (ntchito / kupumula), komanso kupepuka zolimbitsa thupi.

Pazonsezi, izi ndi zizindikiro wamba zomwe zimalola kuti adotolo azindikire msanga momwe magazi ake alili. Ngati kuphwanya kwapezeka, kuti mupeze chithunzi cholondola kwambiri, dokotalayo amawunika mawonekedwe onse a lipid, omwe ali ndi zina zambiri pazomwe zimapangidwa ndi magazi. Mwatsatanetsatane tidzakambirana pambuyo pake.

Muyeso wa Cholesterol

Kuphatikiza pa njira zantchito, palinso mwayi wakuyezetsa magazi mwachangu ku cholesterol kunyumba. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kugula chipangizo chapadera, chomwe chimatchedwa chosindikiza cha biochemical analyzer.

Nthawi zambiri, iyi ndi foni yamagetsi yoyendetsedwa ndi batri yomwe imabwera ndi mapepala apadera okhala ndi ma reagents.

Kuti mupeze zotsatira zoyenera, kungogwera magazi ochepa. Chipangacho chimawonetsa zotsatira m'mphindi zochepa.

Kuti muyesere cholesterol, muyenera:

1. Ikani mabatire mu analyzer, yatsani, yikani nthawi ndi tsiku.
2. Kuchokera pamiyeso yamagawo angapo, ndikofunikira kusankha ndikulowetsa chida chogwirizana ndi batani la code lomwe mwasankha.
3. Kuyamwa magazi kumachitika kuchokera kuchala ndi chida chothandizira kuponyera mwapadera; musanapyolere, ndikofunikira kupha tizilombo toyambitsa chala. Kuti muwunikenso, ndikokwanira kuyika dontho limodzi lamwazi pamiyeso.
4. Pambuyo pamphindi 2-3 (kutengera mtundu wa analyzer), zotsatira zake zidzawonetsedwa pazenera.

Ili ndiye mfundo yomwe ziwiya izi zimagwirira ntchito, malangizo owonjezereka, monga lamulo, amaphatikizidwa pa chosindikizira chowonetsa. Mtengo wa iwo umayambira ku ma ruble 3,000, komwe ndi kofunikira ndalama kwa anthu omwe amafunikira kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, popeza mtengo wa mayeso amodzi wamankhwala amodzi uli m'dera la 300-500 rubles, kutengera chipatala ndi dera.

Mwa zabwino za chipangizochi, ndikofunikira kuzindikira kuwononga kochepa (lancet imangoyendetsa khungu la chala), kupezeka mosavuta komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta popanda chifukwa chakuchezera. Pulogalamuyi ndi yoyenera kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa cholesterol mwa amayi ndi abambo ngakhale ana, magawo onse amatha kukhazikitsidwa mosavuta.

Mbiri ya lipid yonse

A lipidogram akadali mayeso amodzi amwazi amwazi, koma amaphatikiza mndandanda wazinthu zingapo. Kupenda kwa aliyense wa iwo kumathandizira kuzindikira koyenera kwambiri, motero, kuikidwa kwa njira yothandizira kwambiri. Kuthekera kwa kukhazikitsidwa kwake kumachitika pokhapokha pokhapokha pakuwonekera kwa zikuluzikulu za magazi zomwe zafotokozedwa kale.

1. Triglycerides. Zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zimagwira ntchito zogwirira ntchito komanso mphamvu ndizofunikira kwambiri pakhungu la selo. Komabe, akachulukana kwambiri, amapanga kuchuluka kwambiri kwa ma lipoproteins ochepa kwambiri (VLDL) - lipoprotein oopsa kwambiri komanso owopsa. Makhalidwe oyambira m'dera la 0.5-3.62 mmol / L mwa amuna ndi 0,42-2 mmol / L mwa azimayi amadziwika kuti ndi triglycerides m'magazi. Amabwera ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta azamasamba ambiri, motero, choyambirira, ndikupewa izi pazakudya.
2. Kukwanira kwa atherogenic. Ndi mtengo wapakati pakati pa anti-atherogenic ndi atherogenic, ndiye kuti, pakati pa cholesterol yabwino ndi yoyipa. Zimakuthandizani kuti muweruze kuchuluka kwa chiwopsezo cha mapangidwe a cholesterol plaque ndi chitukuko cha atherosulinosis. Atherogenicity Index = (Total Cholesterol - HDL) / HDL. Mtengo wa madera a 2-3 amaonedwa kuti ndi wabwinobwino Mwa anthu omwe akutsogolera moyo wathanzi ndikuwona zakudya zoyenera, zopatsa thanzi, zimatha kutsika kwambiri kuposa zabwinobwino, zomwe sizachilengedwe ndipo zimawonetsa kuwopsa kochepa kwambiri kotengera matenda amtima. Ma mfundo pamwamba pazomwe zimawonekera zimawonetsa chiopsezo chotenga mtima.

Chifukwa chake, atasanthula zizindikiro zonsezi, adotolo sangathe kungodziwitsa zolondola, koma nthawi zambiri azindikire chomwe chimayambitsa kuphwanyidwacho, komwe kungalolere kupanga njira yolandirira bwino.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi ndi kuti ndipo ndimatani

Mutha kupanga mpanda ndikuyesa mayeso a magazi a cholesterol mu labotale yama biochemical. Amagwiritsa ntchito kuzindikira kwathunthu momwe thupi lamunthu limadziwira chizindikiritso cha chakudya, mapuloteni kapena metabolism yamafuta. Kutengera kusanthula, mutha kudziwa zolondola zokhudzana ndi ziwalo zamkati. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti cholesterol zizindikiro zimasinthasintha kutengera zaka - munthu wamkulu, momwe amawonjezerera. Udindo wofunikira umaseweredwa ndi jenda la wodwala. Pakati pazaka zapakati, chikhalidwe cha amuna chimakhala chokwera pang'ono kuposa cha akazi. Koma ngati munthu ali wamkulu kuposa zaka 50, chizolowezi kwa akazi chimakhala chachikulu kuposa cha amuna.

Pa kusanthula mu labotale, magazi amatengedwa kuchokera mu mtsempha. Izi zimafuna pafupifupi 4.5 ml. Chizindikiro chofunikira chimayikidwa pa chubu choyesera ndikutumizidwa kukayesedwa. Ndikwabwino kupereka magazi kuchokera maola 8 mpaka 10, inali panthawiyi pomwe zochitika zapamwamba kwambiri zamankhwala amitundu mitundu zidadziwika.

Momwe mungakonzekerere mayeso

Tiyeni tiwone momwe angakonzekerere zopereka zamagazi kwa cholesterol molondola. Kukonzekera kwa kusanthula – Izi ndizofunikira kwa wodwala. Musanapite kukapereka magazi, munthu ayenera kulumikizana ndi sing'anga kuti amuuze mayendedwe ake kuti apewe matenda onse omwe alipo ndi mayina a mankhwalawa. Kuphatikiza apo, kuti adziwe zambiri, wodwalayo ayenera kutsatira malamulo osavuta awa:

1. Kwa milungu iwiri kapena atatu muyenera kudya monga momwe mungachitire musamadye zakudya zilizonse. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti tidziwe zambiri za kapangidwe ka magazi.
2. M'mawa kusanachitike kusanthula, palibe chomwe chingadyedwe, madzi okha osakhala ndi kaboni amaloledwa.
3. Chakudya chotsiriza sichikhala choyambirira kuposa maola 10 - 12 musanatenge magazi. Nthawi yokwanira chakudya chamadzulo ndi maola 18 - 19.
4. Tsiku lisanafike kusanthula, simungamwe zakumwa zoledzeretsa.
5. Ndikofunika kupewa kusuta, ngakhale kwa ola limodzi.
6. Musanapereke magazi chifukwa cha cholesterol, muyenera kukhala mwakachetechete ndikupumula kwa mphindi zochepa.
7. Ngati wodwala adalandira mayeso ena azachipatala monga ultrasound, MRI kapena X-ray patsikuli, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuzichita pambuyo pochotsa magazi.

Zomwe zimawoneka

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone zomwe kusanthula kwachilengedwe kumatiwonetsa ndi momwe cholesterol imasonyezedwera poyesedwa magazi. Mukamayesa magazi a biochemical, ndi zinthu zonse za cholesterol zomwe zimadziwika. Pafupifupi, chizindikiro cha munthu wamkulu komanso wathanzi chimakhala pafupifupi m'chigawo cha 3.2 - 5.6 mmol / l. Kutchulidwa kwa cholesterol pakuwunika kwamomwe magazi kumachitika ndi zilembo XC.Ngakhale kuti cholesterol imakhala ndi mitundu, muphunziroli limangotanthauza zonse zomwe zikuwonetsedwa.

Ngati chizindikiro chikupitilira zomwe zimachitika, ndiye kuti izi zikuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa matenda otsatirawa: matenda a mtima, matenda a mtima, matenda a impso, kunenepa kwambiri, matenda ashuga, uchidakwa, etc. etc.

Musadabwe kuti m'malo olembetsa osiyanasiyana zotsatira zake zidzakhala zosiyana pang'ono, koma mulimonsemo, ngati cholesterol chizindikiro chikuposa chovomerezeka cha 5.6 mmol / l.

Ngati pakuwunikidwa kofotokozedwaku tikuwona chisonyezo wamba cha cholesterol, ndiye kuti pamilomo titha kuwona zigawo zake, triglycerides ndi index kapena coefflements of atherogenicity. Izi zimathandizira adotolo kuti awunike moyenera kuopsa kwa matenda a atherosulinosis. Kapangidwe kolesterol mumayeso amwazi amomwe amtunduwu amawoneka motere:

1. cy-cholesterol imawonetsa mulingo wa HDL, womwe umawonetsa kukhalapo kwa lipoproteins, omwe amatchedwa lipoproteins apamwamba. Amakhudzana ndi cholesterol, yomwe imathandiza kulimbana ndi zolembera za atherosulinotic.
2. β-cholesterol imawonetsa LDL, yotchedwa cholesterol "yoyipa".
3. KA - coheroffhero ya atherogenic, imawonetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol "chabwino" ndi "choyipa".
4. Ndi chizindikiro pansipa 3, palibe ma atherosulinotic amana, ndipo posachedwa sadzaonekere.
5. Chizindikiro pamwambapa 5 chikuwonetsa kuti atherosulinosis yakhudza kale ziwiya, ndipo matendawa akupita patsogolo.

Kuwunikira mwachidule

Matenda ena amafunika kuwunika kawirikawiri kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi m'magazi. Izi ndi monga:

• kukhalapo kwa atherosulinosis,
• matenda osiyanasiyana amtima,
• zaka zopitilira zaka 60.

Pazifukwa izi, odwala nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zida zowunikira. Openda amagulitsidwa m'mafakisi. Ichi ndi chida chaching'ono choyendetsera batire. Zida za chipangizochi zimaphatikizapo mizere yoyesera, mwatsoka, pogula kowonjezera kumakhala ndi mtengo wokwera. Izi ndiye vuto lalikulu pachipangizochi.

Kuwunikira kwa Express ndikosavuta. Izi zimangofunika dontho lamwazi lomwe limatengedwa kuchokera kukwapula pachala chakumapeto. Pakatha mphindi zitatu, zotsatira za phunzirolo zikuwonekera pazenera. Kuphatikizanso kwakukulu kwa zida zotere ndikuti deta ya miyezo yapitayi ikhale kukumbukira kwazida kwa nthawi yayitali. Kukonzekera kutenga mayeso mwanjira imeneyi sikusiyana ndi kukonzekera kuyamwa magazi mu labotale.