Kodi kukana insulini: Zizindikiro ndi chithandizo

Insulin kukana ndi kusokonezeka kwachilengedwenso mayankho a thupi insulin. Zilibe kanthu kuti insulin imachokera kuti, kapamba (amkati) kapena jakisoni (wakunja).

Kukana kwa insulin kumawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi matenda a shuga a 2 okha, komanso atherosclerosis, vuto la mtima, komanso kufa mwadzidzidzi chifukwa cha chotengera cholumikizidwa.

Kuchita kwa insulin ndikuwongolera kagayidwe (osati chakudya chokha, komanso mafuta ndi mapuloteni), komanso njira za mitogenic - uku ndikokula, kubadwanso kwa maselo, kaphatikizidwe ka DNA, kapangidwe ka majini.

Lingaliro lamakono la kukana insulini sikungokhala ndi zovuta za carbohydrate metabolism komanso chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda a shuga a 2. Zimaphatikizanso kusintha kwa kagayidwe ka mafuta, mapuloteni, mafotokozedwe a jini. Makamaka, kukana insulini kumabweretsa mavuto ndi maselo a endothelial omwe amaphimba makhoma amitsempha yamagazi kuchokera mkati. Chifukwa cha izi, kuunikira kwa ziwiya kumachepa, ndipo atherosulinosis imayamba.

Zizindikiro za insulin kukaniza ndi kuzindikira

Mutha kukayikiridwa kuti muli ndi insulin kukana ngati zizindikiro ndi / kapena mayeso anu akuwonetsa kuti muli ndi metabolic syndrome. Mulinso:

kunenepa kwambiri m'chiuno (pamimba),
matenda oopsa (kuthamanga kwa magazi),
kuyezetsa magazi koyipa kwa cholesterol ndi triglycerides,
kudziwika kwa mapuloteni mumkodzo.

Kunenepa kwambiri pamimba ndicho chizindikiro chofala kwambiri cha kukana insulini. Kachiwiri ndi ochepa matenda oopsa (kuthamanga kwa magazi). Pafupipafupi, munthu samakhala ndi kunenepa kwambiri komanso matenda oopsa, koma kuyezetsa magazi kwa cholesterol ndi mafuta kumakhala koyipa kale.

Kuzindikira kukana insulini pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso kumakhala kovuta. Chifukwa kuchuluka kwa insulin m'madzi a m'magazi kumatha kusiyanasiyana, ndipo izi sizachilendo. Mukamayang'ana insulin yotsalira ya plasma, mankhwalawa amachokera 3 mpaka 28 mcU / ml. Ngati insulini yachilendo kuposa kusala kudya kwa magazi, zikutanthauza kuti wodwalayo ali ndi hyperinsulinism.

Kuchulukana kwakukulu kwa insulini m'magazi kumachitika pamene kapamba amatulutsa owonjezera kuti athe kulipirira insulin kukana. Zotsatira zakuwonetseraku zikuwonetsa kuti wodwalayo ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a shuga a 2 komanso / kapena mtima.

Njira yolondola kwambiri yodziwira kukana insulin imatchedwa hyperinsulinulin insulin clamp. Zimaphatikizapo kulowetsedwa kosalekeza kwa insulin ndi shuga kwa maola 4-6. Iyi ndi njira yotopetsa, chifukwa chake sagwiritsidwa ntchito kwenikweni pochita. Amangolekezera kuyesa magazi magazi chifukwa cha plasma insulin.

Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kukana insulini kumapezeka:

10% ya anthu onse opanda zovuta zama metabolic,
mu 58% ya odwala matenda oopsa (kuthamanga kwa magazi kuposa 160/95 mm Hg),
mwa 63% ya anthu omwe ali ndi hyperuricemia (seramu uric acid imaposa 416 μmol / l mwa amuna ndipo oposa 387 μmol / l mwa akazi),
mu 84% ya anthu omwe ali ndi mafuta ambiri am'magazi (triglycerides opitilira 2.85 mmol / l),
mwa 88% ya anthu okhala ndi cholesterol yabwino “yabwinobwino” (m'munsimu 0,9 mmol / l mwa amuna ndi otsika 1.0 mmol / l mwa azimayi),
mu 84% ya odwala matenda a shuga a 2,
66% ya anthu omwe ali ndi vuto loleza shuga.

Mukakayezetsa magazi a cholesterol - osayang'ana cholesterol yathunthu, koma payokha "zabwino" ndi "zoyipa".

Momwe insulin imayang'anira kagayidwe

Nthawi zambiri, molekyulu ya insulin imamangiriza ku cholandilira chake pamwamba pamaselo a minofu, mafuta, kapena minyewa ya chiwindi. Pambuyo pa izi, autophosphorylation ya insulin receptor ndi gawo la tyrosine kinase ndi mgwirizano wotsatira ndi gawo lapansi la insulin receptor 1 kapena 2 (IRS-1 ndi 2).

Ma molekyulu a IRS, nawonso, amachititsa phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, omwe amachititsa kuti GilUT-4 isamutsidwe. Ndionyamula glucose kulowa mu cell kudzera mu nembanemba. Njira iyi imapereka kutseguka kwa kagayidwe kazakudya (glucose transport, glycogen synthesis) ndi mitogenic (synthesis wa DNA) wa insulin.

Kutenga kwa glucose ndimaselo am'misempha, chiwindi ndi minofu ya adipose,
Kaphatikizidwe ka glycogen m'chiwindi (kusungidwa kwa glucose "othamanga"),
Kulanda kwa ma amino acid ndimaselo,
Kaphatikizidwe ka DNA
Mapuloteni
Mafuta acid mafuta
Kutumiza kwa Ion.

Lipolysis (kusweka kwa minofu ya adipose ndi kulowa kwamafuta acid m'magazi),
Gluconeogenesis (kusintha kwa glycogen mu chiwindi ndi glucose m'magazi),
Apoptosis (kudziwononga kwa maselo).

Dziwani kuti insulini imalepheretsa kuchepa kwa minofu ya adipose. Ndiye chifukwa chake, ngati mulingo wa insulin m'mwazi ukakwezedwa (hyperinsulinism imachitika kawirikawiri ndikulimbana ndi insulin), ndiye kuti kuchepetsa thupi kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, mwinanso kosatheka.

Mitundu imayambitsa kukana insulini

Kukana kwa insulin ndi vuto la kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa anthu onse. Amakhulupirira kuti amayamba chifukwa cha majini omwe adayamba kukhala ambiri panthawi ya chisinthiko. Mu 1962, zidaganiziridwa kuti insulin kukana njira yopulumukira nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa imathandizira kudzikundikira kwamafuta m'thupi munthawi yazakudya zambiri.

Asayansi akhala ndi njala kwa nthawi yayitali. Omaliza kupulumuka ndi omwe adapezeka kuti ali ndi chibadwa chokhala ndi insulin. Tsoka ilo, masiku ano, njira ya insulin kukana "imagwira ntchito" pakupanga kunenepa kwambiri, matenda oopsa komanso matenda a shuga 2.

Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 ali ndi vuto lakumtunduwu pakufalitsira chizindikiro atalumikiza insulin ku receptor yawo. Izi zimatchedwa zolakwika za postreceptor. Choyamba, kusamutsidwa kwa glucose transporter GLUT-4 kumasokonezedwa.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri, kufooka kwa mitundu ina yopereka kagayidwe kazakudya ndi lipids (mafuta) anapezekanso. Awa ndi majini a glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glucokinase, lipoprotein lipase, mafuta acid synthase ndi ena.

Ngati munthu ali ndi chibadwa chokhala ndi matenda amtundu wa 2, ndiye kuti amatha kuzindikira kapena osayambitsa matenda a metabolic komanso matenda a shuga. Zimatengera moyo. Zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo chachikulu ndimakudya ochulukirapo, makamaka kumwa mafuta osakanikirana (shuga ndi ufa), komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi ochepa.

Kodi chidwi chokhudza insulini m'matupi osiyanasiyana a thupi

Pazithandizo zamatenda, kumva kwa insulin kwa minofu ndi minyewa ya adipose, komanso maselo a chiwindi, ndikofunikira kwambiri. Koma kodi kuchuluka kwa insulin kukokana ndi izi zimakhala chimodzimodzi? Mu 1999, kuyesa kunawonetsa kuti ayi.

Nthawi zambiri, kupondereza 50% ya lipolysis (kuchepa kwamafuta) mu minofu ya adipose, kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi osaposa 10 mcED / ml ndikokwanira. Kuti 50% yoletsa kutulutsidwa kwa glucose m'mwazi ndi chiwindi, pafupifupi 30 mcED / ml ya insulin m'magazi ikufunika kale. Ndipo kuti muwonjezere kutuluka kwa glucose pogwiritsa ntchito minofu ya 50%, kufunikira kwa insulini m'magazi a 100 mcED / ml ndiwofunikira ndikofunikira.

Tikukumbutsani kuti lipolysis ndikuphwanya kwa adipose minofu. Kuchita kwa insulin kumachepetsa, komanso kupanga shuga ndi chiwindi. Ndipo minofu ya glucose imachitika ndi insulin, m'malo mwake, imachulukitsidwa. Chonde dziwani kuti mu mtundu 2 wa matenda ashuga, malingaliro ofunikira a insulin m'magazi amasinthidwa kumanja, i.e., pakukulira kwa insulin. Njirayi imayamba kalekale shuga asanadziwike.

Kuzindikira kwa minofu ya thupi kupita ku insulin kumachepa chifukwa cha chibadwa chamtsogolo, ndipo koposa zonse - chifukwa cha moyo wopanda thanzi. Mapeto ake, patatha zaka zambiri, kapamba amasiya kulimbana ndi nkhawa zambiri. Kenako amapeza matenda a shuga enieni. Ndikothandiza kwambiri kwa wodwala ngati chithandizo cha metabolic syndrome chayambika mofulumira.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa insulin kukokana ndi metabolic syndrome

Mukuyenera kudziwa kuti kukana insulin kumachitika mwa anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto ena azaumoyo omwe samaphatikizidwa ndi lingaliro la "metabolic syndrome". Izi ndi:

polycystic ovary mwa akazi,
aakulu aimpso kulephera
matenda opatsirana
glucocorticoid mankhwala.

Kukana kwa insulin nthawi zina kumachitika pakubala, ndipo kumadutsa pakubadwa kwa mwana. Amadziwikanso zaka. Ndipo zimatengera mtundu wamakhalidwe omwe munthu wokalamba amatsogolera, ngakhale kuti zingayambitse matenda ashuga a 2 komanso / kapena mtima. Mu nkhani "Matenda a shuga mu okalamba" mupeza zambiri zothandiza.

Kukana kwa insulin ndi komwe kumayambitsa matenda a shuga a 2

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga, kutsutsana kwa insulin, minyewa, chiwindi ndi minyewa ya adipose ndikofunikira kwambiri pakuchipatala. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chidwi ndi insulini, shuga wochepa amalowa ndikutentha mu maselo a minofu. Mu chiwindi, pachifukwa chomwechi, kuwonongeka kwa glycogen kuti glucose (glycogenolysis) adamulowetsa, komanso kapangidwe ka glucose kuchokera ku amino acid ndi zina "zopangira" (gluconeogenesis).

Kukana kwa insulin kwa minofu ya adipose kumawonekera chifukwa chakuti kusakanikirana kwa insulin kumafooka. Poyamba, izi zimathetsedwa ndikuwonjezereka kwa pancreatic insulin. Mu magawo amtsogolo a matendawa, mafuta ochulukirapo amapezeka mu glycerin ndi mafuta achilengedwe aulere. Koma nthawi imeneyi, kuchepa thupi sikumabweretsa chisangalalo chochuluka.

Glycerin ndi mafuta aulere acids amalowa m'chiwindi, pomwe lipoproteins yotsika kwambiri imapangidwa kuchokera kwa iwo. Izi ndizinthu zoyipa zomwe zimayikidwa pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi, ndipo atherosclerosis ikupita patsogolo. Kuchuluka kwa glucose, komwe kumawoneka chifukwa cha glycogenolysis ndi gluconeogeneis, kumalowanso m'magazi kuchokera pachiwindi.

Kutsutsa kwa insulin ndi zizindikiro za metabolic syndrome mwa anthu kwa nthawi yayitali kumayambitsa chitukuko cha matenda a shuga. Chifukwa kukana insulini kwazaka zambiri kwabwezedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa insulin ndi maselo a beta a kapamba. Zikatero, kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi kumawonedwa - hyperinsulinemia.

Hyperinsulinemia yokhala ndi shuga m'magazi ndi chizindikiro cha insulin komanso harbinger wa chitukuko cha matenda ashuga a mtundu 2. Popita nthawi, ma cell a pancreatic beta salinso kuthana ndi katundu kuti athe kulipira insulin kukana. Amatulutsa insulini yocheperako komanso yocheperako, wodwala amakhala ndi shuga wambiri komanso matenda ashuga.

Choyamba, gawo loyamba la insulin secretion limavutika, i.e, kutulutsa kwa insulin mwachangu m'magazi poyankha katundu. Ndipo basal (maziko) obisika wa insulin amakhalanso ochulukirapo. Mwazi wa magazi ukakwera, umakulanso minofu ya insulin komanso umalepheretsa kugwira ntchito kwa maselo a beta mu secretion ya insulin. Njira imeneyi yopezera matenda a shuga imatchedwa "glucose toxicity."

Insulin kukana ndi mtima

Amadziwika kuti odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, kufa kwa mtima kumachulukanso katatu, poyerekeza ndi anthu omwe alibe zovuta za metabolic. Tsopano asayansi ndi akatswiri ochulukirachulukira akukhulupirira kuti kukana insulini ndipo palimodzi, hyperinsulinemia ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko. Komanso, izi sizitengera kuti wodwalayo wayamba kudwala matenda a shuga kapena ayi.

Kuyambira m'ma 1980s, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti insulini imakhudza mwachindunji makoma a mitsempha yamagazi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ma atherosselotic plaque ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa lumen ya ziwiya kumayenda mothandizidwa ndi insulin m'magazi omwe amayenda kudzera mwa iwo.

Insulin imayambitsa kuchuluka ndi kusunthika kwa maselo a minofu yosalala, kapangidwe ka lipids mkati mwake, kuchuluka kwa ma fibroblasts, kutseguka kwa dongosolo la magazi, komanso kuchepa kwa ntchito ya fibrinolysis. Chifukwa chake, hyperinsulinemia (kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi chifukwa cha kukana insulin) ndikofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwa atherosulinosis. Izi zimachitika kale nthawi isanayambike wodwala wachiwiri.

Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuyanjana momveka bwino pakati pa kuchuluka kwa insulin kukana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mtima. Kutsutsa kwa insulin kumabweretsa mfundo yoti:

kunenepa kwambiri pamimba,
mbiri ya cholesterol yamwazi imakulirakulira, ndi zolemba zochokera ku cholesterol “yoyipa” pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi,
Kuchepa kwa magazi m'mitsempha kumawonjezeka,
Khoma la chotupa cha carotid limakhala lokwera (kuunika kwa mitsempha)

Ubale wolimba uwu udatsimikizika onse mwa odwala matenda a shuga a 2 komanso mwa anthu ena popanda iwo.

Chithandizo cha insulin

Njira yothandiza pochizira matenda a shuga m'magawo 2 a matenda ashuga a 2, komanso bwino asanayambe, ndikugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zomwe zimaletsa michere m'zakudya zanu. Kunena zowona, iyi si njira yothanirana ndi insulin, koma kungoyilamulira. Zakudya zamagalimoto ochepa omwe amakhala ndi insulin kukana - ziyenera kutsatira.

Pambuyo pa masiku atatu othandizira kudya insulin, anthu ambiri amawona kusintha kwawo. Pambuyo pa masabata 6-8, mayeso amawonetsa kuti cholesterol "yabwino" m'magazi imakwera ndipo yoyipa "imagwa." Komanso mulingo wa triglycerides m'magazi umatsika kukhala wabwinobwino. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chiopsezo cha atherosulinosis chatsika kangapo.

Palibe njira zenizeni zochizira insulin. Akatswiri odziwa ntchito zamtundu wa majini ndi biology akugwira ntchito pamenepa. Mutha kuthana ndi insulin kukana bwino potsatira zakudya zamafuta ochepa. Choyamba, muyenera kusiya kudya zakudya zamafuta, ndiko kuti, shuga, maswiti ndi zinthu zoyera za ufa.

Ndi kukana kwa insulini, metformin (siofor, glucophage) imapereka zotsatira zabwino. Gwiritsani ntchito kuwonjezera pakudya, osati m'malo mwake, ndipo lankhulanani ndi dokotala wanu kaye za mapiritsi. Tsiku lililonse timatsata nkhani pochiza insulin. Ma genetics amakono ndi microbiology zimagwira zozizwitsa zenizeni. Ndipo tikuyembekeza kuti m'zaka zikubwerazi azitha kuthetsa vutoli pamapeto pake. Ngati mukufuna kudziwa kaye, lembani zomwe timalemba, ndi zaulere.

Kodi kukana insulini

Nthawi insulin kukana amalozera kulephera kwa maselo amthupi kuyankha ku insulin ya mahomoni. Kulephera kwa maselo kumangiriza mahomoni motero, poyankha chizindikiro chake kumapangitsa kuti glucose asatengeke ndi maselo.

Izi zimabweretsa onjezani shuga magazi ndipo, nthawi yomweyo, mulingo umakwera magazi insulinchifukwa mahomoni sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera.

Kodi chimayambitsa matenda otere ndi chiani?

Zifukwa: kubisalira kwambiri kwa insulin kapena vuto la chibadwa

Glucose kagayidwe zogwirizana kwambiri ndi kupanga insulin kuchokera kwa ma cell a beta a kapamba. Maselo a thupi lathu amakhala ndi ma insulin receptor omwe amapezeka pa cell membrane, omwe amatilola kuyambitsa kayendedwe kazinthu ndikuyamba kuyamwa kwa shuga ndi maselo.

Komabe, nthawi zina, maselo amalephera kuyankha ndi insulin:

Kupanga Kwambiri kwa Insulin: pakakhala kupangika kwakukulu kwa insulin kuchokera ku kapamba chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, kuphatikiza shuga wamagazi kosalekeza chifukwa chodwala.
Kulephera kwamtundu: pamene ma receptor omwe ali pamwamba pa khungu amakhala ndi vuto la chibadwa kapena kuwonongeka ndi ma antibodies.

Lembani A kapena Type B insulin

Ngakhale kukana insulini nthawi zonse kumabweretsa zotsatira chimodzi, i.e. kulephera kwa maselo kuyankha insulin, ikhoza kukhalapo m'mitundu iwiri:

Lembani A Insulin Resistance: zofala kwambiri, zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi matenda monga metabolic syndrome, mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga ndi mazira a polycystic.
Lembani B insulin: mawonekedwe osowa matenda, osatetezeka. Chowoneka ndi kukhalapo kwa ma antibodies motsutsana ndi insulin receptors.

Kodi malire a insulin ali pakati pa malire otani?

Kuyesa ndi njira zowunikira

Mtengo wabwinobwino magazi insulin ndi 6-29 μl / ml. Kuzindikira kwa insulin kukaniza kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zoyeserera, zasayansi kapena zamankhwala.

Za maphunziro a labotale, zatsatanetsatane wa insulin kukana ndi:

Hyperinsulinemic-Euglycemic Test: imakulolani kuyerekezera kuchuluka kwa glucose omwe amafunikira kuti amalize kuchuluka kwa insulin popanda hypoglycemia.
Kuyesa kwa insulin: mayeso azachipatala akuchitika kudzera pa mayeso apadera.

Ngakhale njirazi ndizolondola, ndizovuta kugwiritsa ntchito pazachipatala, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwasayansi.

M'machitidwe azachipatala a tsiku ndi tsiku, m'malo mwake, njira zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:

Kuyang'anira wodwala: Odwala onenepa kwambiri kapena amene ali ndi chiwopsezo chazungulira pamwamba pazachilendo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi insulin.
Kuyesedwa kwa pakamwa: yochitidwa ndi kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikatha kumwa 75 ga shuga mkati.
Mapulogalamu a insulin: kuyeza kusinthasintha kwa katemera wa insulin, pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikatha kudya. Nthawi zambiri imachitika limodzi ndi galasi la pakamwa la glucose.
HOMA Index: yofunika kwambiri yoyesa kukana insulini ndi index ya HOMA (Homeostasis Model Assessement).

Zinthu Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kuchulukana kwa Insulin

Zomwe zimapangitsa insulin kukana ndizosiyanasiyana, koma nthawi zonse zimayambitsa kulephera kwa maselo kuyankha insulin:

Zopatsa thanzi komanso moyo.
Mitundu: Nthawi zina, pamakhala zovuta zina za majini mu insulin receptors, zomwe, chifukwa chake sizikugwira ntchito moyenera. Matenda ena a ana, monga Donohue syndrome ndi Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome, omwe amatsutsa kukana kwa insulin mwa ana, atha kukhala ngati zitsanzo.
Katemera: Matenda a immune system omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale ma antibodies omwe amatsutsana ndi insulin receptors. Mpaka pano, njira izi sizimamveka bwino, koma zimatsogolera mtundu wa B insulin.
Mahomoni: Matenda ena a endocrine, monga Cushing's syndrome kapena acromegaly, amawonetsa kukula kwa insulin, chifukwa mahomoni ochulukirapo monga GH (kukula kwa mahomoni), cortisol ndi glucocorticoids, omwe ndi insulin antagonists, amapangidwa.
Tumors: Zotupa zina, monga pheochromocytoma ndi glucagon, ndizomwe zimapanga kuchuluka kwakukulu kwamahomoni, otsutsana ndi insulin.
Mankhwala: Kugwiritsa ntchito corticosteroids kapena mahomoni okula (GH) kungayambitse kukana kwa insulin.

Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti matenda ena amatha kukhala omwe amayambitsa ndipo, nthawi yomweyo, zotsatira za kukana insulini, monga momwe tionere m'gawo lotsatira.

Zizindikiro zophatikizana ndi insulin

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha kukana insulin ndi kuchuluka kwa magazi, i.e. hyperglycemia komanso kuchuluka kwa magazi a insulin (hyperinsulinemia), omwe amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi zizindikiro monga kutopa, kugona, ndi kufooka wamba.

Komabe, pali zizindikiro zina zingapo zomwe zimayankhidwa pazotsatira zake, ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala zomwe zimayambitsa vuto ili, lomwe limakhudza ziwalo ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana, makamaka:

Kuchokera ku kubereka: Mkhalidwe wa kukana insulini kumabweretsa mkhalidwe wa hyperandrogenism, ndiko kuti, kuchuluka kowonjezereka kwa mahomoni achimuna mwa akazi. Izi zimatha kubweretsa kusabereka, amenorrhea, ndi zovuta monga polycystic ovary syndrome. Ngati kukana kwa insulini kumachitika panthawi yapakati, kumatha kubweretsa padera, makamaka m'miyezi yoyambirira ya mimba. Kuchepa kwa thupi, chinthu chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a metabolic, chitha kupangitsanso insulin, chifukwa pali kusintha kwa kagayidwe chifukwa chosowa estrogen.
Mafuta Acid Metabolism: kukana insulin kumayambitsa kusintha kwa kagayidwe kazakudya zamafuta acid. Makamaka, kuchuluka kwamafuta acids m'thupi kumawonjezeka, komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Izi zimatsimikiza zotsatira zingapo pamlingo wa adipose minofu: kuchuluka kwa mafuta acids kumabweretsa kulemera ndikuwonekera kwamafuta m'mimba, kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi, ndipo pamsempha wamitsempha kumawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi atherosulinosis.
Mtima wamtima: Kukana kwa insulin kumatha kuyambitsa mavuto amtima, monga kuthamanga kwa magazi komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kusunga kwa sodium chifukwa cha hyperinsulinemia, kupanga mapangidwe amafuta m'mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi kupita mumtima.
Zilonda za pakhunguChimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti insulin ikane ndi kupezeka kwa zotupa za pakhungu zotchedwa acanthosis, zomwe zimapangitsa khungu kusinthika, lomwe limayamba kuda ndi kuderera. Komabe, njira yolumikizirana ndi insulin kukana idakali yosadziwika.
Type 2 shuga: Zotsatira zofala kwambiri za kukana insulini. Imadziwonetsera ngati zizindikiro zapamwamba za matenda ashuga, monga ludzu lalikulu, kukodza pafupipafupi, kutopa, kusokonezeka.
Zotsatira zina: Mwa zina mwazotsatira za kukana insulini, mawonekedwe a ziphuphu, omwe amagwirizana kwambiri ndi polycystic ovary syndrome ndi hyperandrogenism, kuchepa kwa tsitsi, kumagwirizananso ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kupanga androgens.

Yang'anani! Kutsutsa kwa insulin kumatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi matenda enangakhale sizotsatira zachindunji. Mwachitsanzo, kukana insulini nthawi zambiri kumayenderana ndi kunenepa kwambiri komanso matenda a chithokomiro, monga hypothyroidism, komwe kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa metabolism ndikuwonjezera mtima wofuna kudziunjikira mafuta, ndipo insulin kukana imayanjananso ndi kuperewera kwaimpso komanso atherosulinosis.

Kodi kukana insulini kumachitika bwanji?

Kukana kwa insulini, makamaka komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi kuperewera kwa zakudya, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kapena kuchepa kwa mahomoni, amathandizidwa ndimankhwala omwe amapezeka mwachilengedwe komanso mankhwala omwe amathandiza kulimbana ndi vutoli.

Kuti mudziwe momwe mungathetsere kukana insulini, muyenera kufunsa dokotala yemwe azikupatsani chithandizo chomwe chiri choyenera kwambiri, kutengera zifukwa zomwe zidayambitsa vutoli. Ndipo tikukupatsani upangiri!

Pewani kukana insulini: zakudya ndi ntchito

Kudya pafupipafupi ndi imodzi mwanjira zazikulu kwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto la insulin. M'malo mwake, zakudya zopanda thanzi ndi zina zokhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri komanso kunenepa kwambiri ndizomwe zimayambitsa insulin.

Chifukwa chake, kuchepetsa thupi ndikofunikira kuti muchiritse. Chifukwa chake, pali zinthu zina zomwe zimakondedwa komanso zina zomwe ziyenera kupewedwa.

Zinthu Zokonda: Zakudya zokhala ndi chisonyezo chotsika cha glycemic, ndiye kuti, zomwe zimakweza shuga m'magazi pang'ono, motero kuchepetsa njala kwakanthawi, ndizofunikira kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ufa wopanda tirigu, masamba osapsa, mafuta amkaka otsika kwambiri, mkaka wa skim. Nyama ndi nsomba zimakondanso.
Zakudya Zoyenera Kupewa: Zakudya zonse zomwe zimayambitsa kuthamanga kwa shuga wamagazi, monga makeke, shuga wosavuta, mkate ndi pasitala kuchokera ku ufa wa premium, ziyenera kupewedwa. Zakudya zamafuta, zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi zomwe zimapezeka mu kaboni, zakumwa zoledzeretsa, komanso masamba ena amtengo a glycemic monga mbatata ndi kaloti ziyeneranso kukhala zochepa.

Chofunikanso ndiyenso zolimbitsa thupi zoyeneraanachita tsiku lililonse komanso katatu pa sabata kulimbikitsa kunenepa.

Tiyi ya zitsamba 1

Supuni 1 imodzi yamasamba abulosi,
Supuni 1 imodzi ya mbewu ya mabulosi
30 g wa masamba a mtedza
1 yodzaza njere za katsabola.

Osakaniza amayenera kuthiridwa m'madzi otentha kwa mphindi khumi, kenako osasankhidwa ndikuledzera katatu patsiku.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga 2

Zizindikiro za kagayidwe kachakudya mwa anthu zimatengera chitukuko cha matenda ashuga. Chifukwa kukana insulini kwazaka zambiri kwabwezedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa insulin ndi maselo a beta a kapamba. Zikatero, kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi kumawonedwa - hyperinsulinemia.

Hyperinsulinemia yokhala ndi shuga m'magazi ndi chizindikiro cha insulin komanso harbinger wa chitukuko cha matenda ashuga a mtundu 2. Popita nthawi, maselo a beta a kapamba amasiya kulimbana ndi katundu, yemwe amakhala wokwera kangapo kuposa masiku onse. Amatulutsa insulini yocheperako komanso yocheperako, wodwala amakhala ndi shuga wambiri komanso matenda ashuga.

Zoopsa pamtima

Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kulumikizana kowonekera bwino pakati pa insulin yowonjezera komanso zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mtima. Kutsutsa kwa insulin kumabweretsa mfundo yoti:

kunenepa kwambiri pamimba,
mbiri ya cholesterol yamwazi imakulirakulira, ndi zolemba zochokera ku cholesterol “yoyipa” pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi,
Kuchepa kwa magazi m'mitsempha kumawonjezeka,
Khoma la chotupa cha carotid limakhala lokwera (kuunika kwa mitsempha)

Ubale wolimba uwu udatsimikizika onse mwa odwala matenda a shuga a 2 komanso mwa anthu ena popanda iwo.

Tiyi ya zitsamba 3

Zosakaniza:

Masamba a Tage. Sage,
15 g wa masamba a buluzi,
35 g wa masamba a mtedza
35 g masamba a mabulosi.

Gwiritsani ntchito:

Sakanizani zitsamba izi, kusiya kwa mphindi khumi ndi kumwa katatu patsiku.

Chithandizo cha Mankhwala a Resulin

Chithandizo cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo chikufuna kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi motero, kuthetseratu hyperinsulinemia.

Mankhwala omwe mumagwiritsa ntchito ndi a hypoglycemic omwe mungathe kudziwa:

Biguanides: Metformin ili m'gulu lino, ndipo ndiyofunika kwambiri makamaka pakukaniza insulin chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri, chifukwa imachepetsa ndikumverera kwanjala.
Ma glinids: Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsitsa shuga wamagazi mukatha kudya, pakati pawo tidzatulutsa zodabwitsanso.
Sulfonylurea: imawonjezera kukhudzika kwa maselo kupita ku insulin, koma sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa amatha kuyambitsa kusintha kwa mapuloteni a plasma. Glycvidone, glipizide ndi glibenclamide ali m'gulu lino.

Tinayesa kupanga chithunzi chokwanira cha kukana insulini. Izi matenda ovuta kwambiri ndizowopsa, chifukwa chake kupewa ndikofunikira.