Shuga "Funso: kudziwa momwe mungakhalire mutatha kudya ndi shuga yachiwiri

Type 2 shuga mellitus amakula motsutsana ndi maziko a kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa thupi lathu kupita ku insulin. Zodabwitsazi mu zamankhwala zili ndi dzina monga kukana insulini kapena matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amadalira insulin. M'mawu osavuta, thupi la munthu wodwala matenda a shuga a 2 limakhala ndi mavuto a metabolic, chifukwa chake insulin yomwe imapangidwa m'thupi lake sigwiritsidwa ntchito mokwanira. Matendawa amakhala ndi kagayidwe ndipo amafuna chithandizo ndi zakudya.
Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli amayenera kuwongolera shuga m'magazi mwawo asanadye komanso asanadye. Mulingo wofanana ndi shuga wamagazi mukatha kudya pafupifupi 5-,5,5 mmol / l (90-153 mg / dl). Zizindikiro za munthu aliyense ndimunthu payekha ndipo ndi dokotala yekhayo amene anganene zomwe zili zofunikira m'thupi lanu komanso zomwe zimapangitsa matenda. Iyenera kudziwika mosiyana ndi anthu okalamba. Zizindikiro zawo za matenda ashuga zimatha kukhala zapamwamba kuposa zomwe zawonetsedwa. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mwa anthu okalamba, mitengo yokhazikika imakwera. Kusiyanako kungakhale 1-2 mmol / L.

Mlingo wa shuga ndiye njira yayikulu yogwiritsira ntchito shuga

Munthu wodwala matenda ashuga ali ndi nyumba yayikulu yosamalira - ndi mankhwala ati omwe angaphatikizidwe muzakudya za matenda ashuga a 2, ndipo ndi zakudya ziti zomwe ziyenera kutayidwa m'magulu? Bwanji osaphonya chakudya china, nthawi yanji komanso momwe mungayetsere magazi a shuga? Kodi mungapewe bwanji kuchuluka kwa kulemera kosalamulirika? Zonsezi ndizofunikira mwachangu. Ngati limodzi mwa malamulowo silikusungidwa, kuwonongeka konse ndi kusokonezeka mu zochitika zamagetsi osiyanasiyana (zamtima, kupuma, maumboni, ndi zina zambiri) sizitenga nthawi yayitali.

Type 2 shuga mellitus amasiyana ndi mtundu 1 chifukwa thupi palokha limapanga insulini. Ichi ndi mahomoni ofunikira kutengera shuga kuchokera m'magazi kupita ku ziwalo zogwira ntchito. Komabe, maselo ndi minyewa zimataya chidwi nacho. Zotsatira zake, thupi "silimawona" kuchuluka kwa shuga ndipo sikungathe kuwawononga pazosowa zosiyanasiyana. Uku ndikupereka njira zofunika, kupweteka kwa minofu, ndi zina zambiri. Pankhaniyi, kuzindikira izi kumafunikira kuyang'anira shuga wamagazi - ola limodzi mutatha kudya, musanagone, pamimba yopanda kanthu. Ndi kokha mwa izi zomwe tingazindikire momwe zakudya zosankhidwa ndizabwino. Komanso momwe thupi limathandizira pazinthu zina ndi zinthu zake, ndikofunikira kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga? Komabe, Zizindikiro za anthu athanzi komanso odwala matenda ashuga amatha kusiyanasiyana. Monga lamulo, pamlingo wa 0.2-0,5 mmol pa lita. Musachite mantha ngati shuga atatha kudya kamodzi kapena kawiri ndipamwamba kuposa zabwinobwino. Kaya kuwonjezeka koteroko nkowopsa kapena ayi, ndi dokotala yekha amene anganene.

Zakudya za shuga kwa odwala matenda ashuga komanso anthu athanzi

Mulingo wofanana wa shuga mwa anthu omwe si amuna kapena akazi, msinkhu komanso matenda osiyanasiyana (mtundu 1 kapena mtundu 2 matenda a shuga) amatha kuonetsa zonse zomwe wodwalayo ali nazo komanso vuto lalikulu mkati.

"Kulumpha" kwamwazi wamagazi kumagwirizana ndi zaka. Munthu wamkulu akamakula, nthawi zambiri amakhala. Vomerezani zonse - kusintha kowononga m'maselo ndi minofu. Chifukwa chake poyezera kuchuluka kwa shuga, muyenera kupereka gawo la zaka (pafupifupi, kusiyana pakati pa chizolowezi kwa munthu wathanzi wazaka zapakati ndi 0,5-1,5 mmol pa lita imodzi pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikatha kudya).

Mwa anthu athanzi komanso odwala matenda ashuga, atatha kudya, shuga wamagazi amawonjezeka ndi mayunitsi angapo. Kuti muwone bwino, madokotala amalimbikitsa kuyeza shuga kangapo. Mukangodya, pambuyo pa ola limodzi, komanso musaiwale kujambula zizindikirazo pamimba yopanda kanthu komanso musanagone. Kungowunikira zizindikiro zonse kungathandize kuti adokotala adziwe ngati pali vuto lililonse komanso ngati matenda ashuga ayenera kusintha.

Palibe matenda a shuga, shuga othamanga ayenera kukhala 4,3,5,5 mmol pa lita. Kwa okalamba, ziwerengerozi ndizokwera pang'ono ndipo zimatha kufika 6.0 mmol pa lita.

Ndi matenda a shuga a 2, Zizindikiro zam'mawa (pamimba yopanda kanthu) ndi 6.1-6.2 mmol pa lita.

Ziribe kanthu kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi musanadye komanso pambuyo poti mudya, mulibe zomwe mumaganizira ndikuyesa kuwona dokotala posachedwa. Mitundu yochepa ya shuga imatha kuphatikizidwa ndi kulimbitsa thupi kwambiri, zochitika zovuta, kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zachilendo. Vuto linanso lalikulu ndi kuyeza shuga nthawi yomweyo kapena theka la ola pambuyo chakudya. Pankhaniyi, onse amoyo wathanzi komanso odwala matenda ashuga, amalumphira mwadzidzidzi shuga mpaka 10,0 mmol pa lita imodzi. Zonse zimatengera kuchuluka ndi kapangidwe ka mbale zomwe zimadyedwa. Ndipo ichi sichinso chifukwa chokhala ndi mantha. Pambuyo 30-60 Mphindi Zizindikiro ziyamba kuchepa. Chifukwa chake chachikulu kwambiri cha shuga ndi maola awiri mutatha kudya

Zoyenera kwa odwala matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 amawerengedwa ngati zisonyezo za shuga pa 7.5-8.2 mmol pa lita. Amawonetsa kubwezera kwabwino, ndiko kuti, mphamvu ya m'mimba yopangira ndi kugaya shuga. Ngati zizindikirozi zili mgulu la 8.3-9.0 mmol pa lita, palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa. Koma ngati shuga azidutsa 9.1 mmol pa lita imodzi atatha kudya, zikuwonetsa kufunikira kwa kusintha kwa zakudya komanso, mwina, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa shuga (koma malinga ndi malingaliro a dokotala).

Chizindikiro china chofunikira ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga musanagone. Zoyenera, zizikhala zokwera pang'ono kuposa pamimba yopanda kanthu - mulifupi ndi 0,5-1.0 mmol pa lita. Zabwinobwino zimawerengedwa ngati zizindikiro 6.0-7.0, ndi 7.1-7.5 mmol pa lita. Ngati izi zitha kupitirira, muyenera kusintha kadyedwe ndipo, mwachidziwikire, phunzirani zolimbitsa thupi (kumene, ngati dokotala angavomereze).

Zolemba za shuga zosadalira insulini

Nthawi zambiri, chibadwa chamtsogolo komanso kusintha komwe kumachitika pakubadwa kumatenga gawo lalikulu pakukula kwa matendawa pazinthu zonse zamatenda. Matenda a shuga a Type 2 amadziwika chifukwa chakuti kapamba amapanga kuchuluka kokwanira kwa timadzi, koma maselo ndi minyewa yathupi lake limazindikira pang'ono zochita zake. Kunena mwachidule, "sawona," chifukwa choti shuga kuchokera m'magazi sangathenso kudya mphamvu zochuluka. Hyperglycemia imayamba.

Kodi magazi a shuga ovomerezeka ndi ati?

Chimodzi mwamafunso akuluakulu ngati mwapezeka ndi matenda a shuga a 2 ndiye kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Miyezo yokhala ndi shuga m'magazi imasiyanasiyana mwa anthu athanzi komanso odwala matendawa.

Omalizirawa ayenera kumvetsetsa kufunikira kwa kuisamalira m'njira yoyenera. Kuphatikiza apo, chithandizo chomwe mwasankha chikuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mokwanira. Pankhaniyi, zidzakhala zosavuta kuteteza kutopa konse kofunikira m'thupi la endocrine.

Zizindikiro zamaguluu m'magulu osiyanasiyana

Magazi a capillary ali ndi shuga wotsika kuposa magazi a venous. Kusiyanaku kungafikire 10-12%. M'mawa chakudya chisanalowe m'thupi, zotsatila za matenda amtundu wa 2 kuchokera pachala ziyenera kukhala zofanana ndi zaumoyo (pambuyo pake, mishuga yonse ya shuga imawonetsedwa m'mol / l):

Zizindikiro za magazi amkazi sizosiyana ndi za amuna. Izi sizinganenedwe za thupi la ana. Makanda obadwa kumene ndi makanda amakhala ndi shuga wochepa kwambiri:

Kusanthula kwa magazi a capillary a ana asukulu zoyambirira pasukulu yasukulu yoyamba akuwonetsedwa kuchokera pa 3,3 mpaka 5.

Magazi magazi

Zitsanzo za mtsempha zimafunika mu labotale. Izi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zitsimikiziro zamagazi a capillary zitha kuchitika kunyumba pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer. Zotsatira za kuchuluka kwa shuga zimadziwika tsiku limodzi mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito.

Akuluakulu ndi ana, kuyambira nthawi yamasukulu, amatha kulandira mayankho ndi 6 mmol / l, ndipo izi zimatengedwa ngati zomwe zimachitika.

Zizindikiro nthawi zina

Kukula kwakukulu kwa shuga mu mtundu 2 wa shuga sikuyembekezeredwa pokhapokha ngati matendawo atakula. Kukula kochepa ndikotheka, komwe kumakhala ndi malire ovomerezeka a shuga (m'mol / l):

• m'mawa, chakudya chisanalowe m'thupi - mpaka 6,6.1,
• mutatha ola limodzi mutatha kudya - mpaka 8.8-8.9,
• patatha maola ochepa - mpaka 6.5-6.7,
• musanapume madzulo - mpaka 6.7,
• usiku - mpaka 5,
• pakuwunika mkodzo - kulibe kapena mpaka 0,5%.

Shuga mutatha kudya ndi shuga yachiwiri

Chakudya chokhala ndi chakudya chambiri chikalowa mkamwa, michere ya munthu wathanzi, yomwe ndi mbali ya malovu, imayamba kugawika kukhala ma monosaccharides. Mchere womwe unalandiridwa umalowa mu mucosa ndipo umalowa m'magazi. Ichi ndi chizindikiro kwa kapamba kuti gawo la insulin likufunika. Zakonzedwa kale ndikuphatikizidwa pasadakhale kuti zilepheretse kuwonjezeka kwa shuga.

Insulin imatsitsa shuga, pomwe kapamba'yu akupitilizabe "kugwira ntchito" kuti apirire. Kubisala kwa mahomoni owonjezera kumatchedwa "gawo lachiwiri la kuyankha kwa insulin." Pamafunika kale pa gawo logaya chimbudzi. Gawo la shuga limakhala glycogen ndipo limapita kumalo osungirako ziwindi, ndi gawo lina la minofu ndi adipose.

Thupi la munthu wodwala matenda a shuga limachita mosiyanasiyana. Momwe kupopera kwa mafuta amkati ndikuwuka kwa shuga m'magazi kumachitika mchitidwe womwewo, koma kapamba alibe magawo okonzeka a mahomoni chifukwa chakuchepa kwa maselo, kotero kuchuluka komwe kumamasulidwa pamenepa ndi kochepa.

Ngati gawo lachiwiri la njirayi silinakhudzidwe, ndiye kuti mahomoni ena ofunikira amatha kuchoka maola angapo, koma nthawi yonseyi shuga amakhalabe okwera. Kuphatikizanso, insulini imayenera kutumiza shuga m'maselo ndi minyewa, koma chifukwa cha kukana kwake, "zipata" zam'm cell zimatsekedwa. Zimathandizanso kuchulukitsa kwa hyperglycemia. Izi zimatsogolera pakupanga njira zosasinthika pamtima ndi m'mitsempha yamagazi, impso, dongosolo lamanjenje, komanso wopenda mawonedwe.

Shuga wam'mawa

Matenda a shuga a Type 2 ali ndi gawo lotchedwa Morning Dawn Syndrome. Vutoli limatsatiridwa ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi m'mawa mutadzuka. Vutoli limawonedwa osati mwa odwala matenda a shuga, komanso mwa anthu athanzi lathunthu.

Kusinthasintha kwa shuga kumachitika pakati pa 4 a.m. ndi 8 a.m. Munthu wathanzi sazindikira kusintha kwake, koma wodwalayo samva bwino. Palibe zifukwa zosintha zoterezi: mankhwala ofunikira adatengedwa pa nthawi yake, kunalibe zovuta zakuchepetsa shuga m'mbuyomu. Onani chifukwa chake kulumpha lakuthwa.

Zomwe zimayambitsa shuga wowonjezera wamagazi mukatha kudya ndi shuga yachiwiri

"Mdierekezi sakhala woipa monga wapentedwa," nzeru za anthu zimagwira ntchito pakuyeza shuga mumitundu yachiwiri ya shuga. Kukula kwakanthawi kamodzi mukatha kudya, pamimba yopanda kanthu kapena nthawi yogona sizimawopsa. Komabe, pofuna kupewa zovuta, muyenera kudziwa chifukwa chake izi zinachitika. Zambiri mwa zifukwa zake ndi izi:

• Kutalika ndi chikhalidwe cha matendawa. Munthu akamadwala matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti amakonda kwambiri shuga. Ngakhale kutsatira kwambiri malangizo onse a dotolo (zakudya, kuchepetsa shuga, kuchita zolimbitsa thupi), pafupifupi pamwezi zizindikilo zake za shuga zimawonjezeka kwambiri,
• zolimbitsa thupi. Monga lamulo, magwiridwe olimbitsa thupi olimbitsa thupi ochepa komanso apakati amakhudza bwino mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo (shuga amachepetsedwa, zomwe zikutanthauza mwayi wochepa wa kuchuluka kwa kulemera kosalamulirika). Komabe, nthawi zina, kuchuluka kapena shuga, kutsika kwa shuga kungayambike chifukwa chosachita zolimbitsa thupi. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri munthu akamaphunzira payekha osayezera mphamvu zake zokha. Zikuwoneka kuti anali wovutitsidwa (samatuluka thukuta mokwanira kapena kumva kutentha m'misempha), motero amawonjezera mtolowo. Thupi limagwirizana ndi "chinyengo" chotere monga kupanikizika ndikuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito shuga. Choyipa chachikulu chomwe chingachitike pamenepa ndi chikumbumtima cha hypoglycemic (kuchepa kwambiri kwa glucose wamagazi, komwe munthu amatha kuzindikira). Pazizindikiro zoyambirira za zotere (zakuda m'maso, thukuta lozizira, chizungulire), muyenera kudya pomwepo kachakudya kakang'ono ka shuga kapena mkate,
• kuyambitsa kudya zakudya zatsopano. Zakudya zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyana pakudya. Ngati mankhwalawo ali ndi index yotsika kapena yapakatikati ya glycemic index (GI), sizitanthauza kuti sizingayambitse shuga. Chifukwa chake muyenera kuyambitsa zatsopano ku menyu pang'onopang'ono kuti muwone momwe zimagwirira ntchito pokimbira ndi thanzi lonse,
• kulemera kwakukulu. Kunenepa kwambiri ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro zazikulu za matenda ashuga. Ngati pazifukwa zina kulemera kumakwezeka mosasunthika, kusinthasintha kwamasamba shuga musanadye komanso pambuyo pa chakudya kumasinthanso. Ngakhale, atatha kudya maola awiri, shuga azikhala 11-14 mmol pa lita, wodwala amatha kumva bwino,
• matenda ophatikizika
• kusintha kwa thupi ndi kubereka. Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mahomoni, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumatha kuwonjezeka kwambiri ndikuchepetsa kwambiri.

Zachidziwikire, ndi adokotala okha omwe amatha kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa kusintha kwa shuga.

Momwe mungachepetse kuchuluka kwa shuga kunyumba, onani vidiyo ili pansipa.

Makina a chitukuko cha zodabwitsazi

Usiku nthawi yogona, dongosolo la chiwindi ndi minofu imalandira chisonyezo chakuti kuchuluka kwa glucagon mthupi ndikokwera ndipo munthu ayenera kuwonjezera masitolo a shuga, chifukwa chakudya sichiperekedwa. Mafuta ochulukirapo amawonekera chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mahomoni kuchokera ku glucagon-peptide-1, insulin ndi amylin (enzyme yomwe imachedwetsa kutulutsidwa kwa glucose mutatha kudya kuchokera m'matumbo am'mimba kulowa m'magazi).

Hyperglycemia yam'mawa imatha kukhazikikanso motsutsana ndi maziko a ntchito ya cortisol ndi timadzi timene timene timakula. Ndiye m'mawa momwe kubisika kwawo kwapamwamba kumachitika. Thupi labwinobwino limayankha ndikupanga mahomoni ena owonjezera omwe amalamulira shuga. Koma wodwala sangathe kuchita izi.

Momwe mungapezere chodabwitsa

Njira yabwino ikakhala kumwa mita ya glucose usiku. Akatswiri amakulangizani poyambira kuyeza pambuyo pa maola awiri ndikuwayendetsa pafupipafupi mpaka 7-00 pa ola limodzi. Kenako, zisonyezo za muyeso woyamba ndi wotsiriza zimayerekezedwa. Ndi kuchuluka kwawo komanso kusiyana kwakukulu, titha kuganiza kuti zodabwitsa zam'mawa zimapezeka.

Kukonza kwa m'mawa hyperglycemia

Pali malingaliro angapo, kutsatira komwe kumapangitsa kusintha m'mawa:

• Yambani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, ndipo ngati omwe akuuzani sakugwiritsidwa ntchito, onaninso mankhwalawo kapena onjezerani atsopano. Zotsatira zabwino zidapezeka mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 atenga Metformin, Januvia, Onglizu, Victoza.
• Ngati ndi kotheka, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala a insulin, omwe ali m'gulu la anthu omwe akhala akuchita zinthu zazitali.
• Kuchepetsa thupi. Izi zithandizira chidwi cha maselo amthupi kuti apange insulini.
• Tengani zokhwasula pang'ono musanagone. Izi zimachepetsa nthawi yomwe chiwindi chimayenera kupanga shuga.
• Onjezerani ntchito zamagalimoto. Kuyenda kumawonjezera chiwopsezo cha zimakhala ndi zinthu zokhala ndi mahomoni.

Njira Yoyesera

Wodwala aliyense amene akudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ayenera kukhala ndi buku lowonera payekha, pomwe zotsatira zakudziwitsa kunyumba mothandizidwa ndi glucometer zimalowetsedwa. Matenda a shuga osagwirizana ndi insulin amafuna kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi ma frequency otsatirawa:

• tsiku lililonse mukulipira,
• Ngati mankhwala a insulin ali ofunika, ndiye kuti mankhwala aliwonse osafunikira,
• kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga kumafuna miyezo ingapo - chakudya chisanafike,
• Nthawi iliyonse munthu akamva njala, koma amalandila chakudya chokwanira,
• usiku
• pambuyo kulimbitsa thupi.

Kusungidwa kwa zidziwitso mkati moyenera

Wodwala wodwala matenda ashuga a 2 ayenera kudya pafupipafupi, kupewa kupuma kwakutali pakati pa chakudya. Chofunikira ndikukana kugwiritsa ntchito zonunkhira zambiri, chakudya mwachangu, nyama yokazinga ndi yosuta.

Magulu olimbitsa thupi ayenera kusinthana ndi kupumula kwabwino. Muyenera kukhala ndi chakudya chambiri nthawi zonse kuti muchepetse njala yanu yamkati. Osamaika malire pa kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amwedwa, koma nthawi yomweyo muwone momwe impso zimayendera.

Pewani zomwe zimabweretsa nkhawa. Pitani kwa dokotala miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse kuti mupewe matendawa. Katswiriyu ayenera kukhala wodziwa bwino zomwe zikuwonetsa kudziletsa, zolembedwa muzolemba zanu.

Matenda a Mtundu Wachiwiri ayenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse, chifukwa amakhala ndi zovuta zambiri. Kutsatira upangiri wa madokotala kungathandize kupewa kutulutsa ziwonetserozi komanso kusungitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga pamlingo wovomerezeka.

Matenda a shuga a Mtundu Wachiwiri ndi mtundu wa shuga m'magazi musanadye kapena pambuyo pake

Mtundu 2 wa shuga wopita patsogolo: shuga wamagazi asanadye komanso pambuyo pa zaka 60, kodi uyenera kukhala chiyani kwenikweni? Zoyenera, zikuwonetsa kuti ziyenera kukhala pafupi kwambiri ndi manambala omwe alipo mwa anthu athanzi.

Ndikofunikira kuti mumvetsetse nokha zomwe zingawonjezere chiopsezo chokhala ndi hyperglycemia kuti mupewe bwino.

Kuti muchite izi, zikhala zokwanira:

• kutsatira zakudya zomwe zimadalira insulin,
• Ganizirani zakudya komanso zakudya zoyenera.

Momwe mungachepetse zoopsa

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi endocrine pathology kumawonetsa magulu osiyanasiyana. Zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimayambitsa izi. Ndikosavuta kusunga kuchuluka kwa shuga munjira zabwino, pokhapokha ngati zakudya zoyenera zimawonedwa, komanso kuchitidwa zolimbitsa thupi kofunikira. Mofananamo, mapangidwe ake oscillations amakhala okhazikika, ndipo zimakhala zosavuta kuyang'anira kudumpha. Kuti muchepetse chiwopsezo cha malingaliro owoneka olakwika pazochitika za ziwalo zanu, ndikupanga zopinga pakukula kwa matenda ophatikizika, matenda a shuga ayenera kulipidwa.

Lembani miyezo yachiwiri ya matenda ashuga

Mukamasankha njira yoyenera yochizira matendawa, malire omwe ali nawo pakubwera kwa glucose ndiwowona kuti sayenera kupitirira.

Mfundo za shuga zomwe zimawonedwa kuti ndizovomerezeka:

• M'mawa musanadye - 3.6-6.1 mmol / l,
• M'mawa mutatha kudya - 8 mmol / l,
• Pogona, 6.2-7.5 mmol / L.
• Pewani kugwera pansi kuposa 3.5 mmol / L.

Pankhaniyi, kukhala ndi hypoglycemia kumayambitsa kupweteka. Thupi silingathe kuthana ndi ntchito zake, chifukwa samapatsidwa mphamvu yofunikira. Kenako, ngati simukuvomereza njira zofunikira zothanirana ndikudutsa kwamatenda, mutha kuyembekezera kufa.

Type 2 shuga mellitus akuwonetsa kuti shuga yamagazi nayenso sayenera kukhala yapamwamba kuposa 10 mmol / L.

Hypoglycemic coma imabweretsa kusintha kosasinthika, kumayambitsa kulephera pakukhazikika kwa ziwalo zonse zamkati.

Zoyenera kuwongolera matenda ashuga

Zizindikiro zazikulu zomwe ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Chifukwa chiyani shuga imakwera

Makhalidwe olondola kwambiri a kuchuluka kwa shuga m'mitsempha yamagazi amatha kuwunika pamimba. Chakudya chikalowa m'thupi lanu, shuga amayamba kukwera mu ola limodzi kapena awiri.

Njira yotereyi imawonedwa osati mwa okhawo omwe amadwala, komanso mwa anthu athanzi labwino.

Ngati dongosolo la endocrine lili bwino, ndiye kuti patapita nthawi, matendawa amabwerera mwakale, osapweteketsa thupi.

Chifukwa chakuti kuthekera kozindikiritsa insulin kulibe, ndipo kupanga kwa mahomoni sikumayesedwa, ziwalo zamkati zimaleka kuthana ndi mawonekedwe owonjezereka a shuga. Zotsatira zake - kukulitsa matenda a shuga, kukoka "mchira" wathunthu wamavuto osiyanasiyana oyipa a ziwalo ndi machitidwe.

Zomwe zimayambitsa ndi Zizindikiro za zotheka mu shuga m'magazi

Nthawi zina, anthu omwe adwala matendawa amayambitsa matenda a hyperglycemia. Kuthekera kwazovuta zam'magawo a shuga, kuwonongeka kwa matenda a shuga kumawonjezereka muzochitikazo pamene malingaliro a katswiri sanapatsidwe mtengo woyenera.

Mfundo zofunika zotsatirazi ndizomwe zimadumphira mu shuga kuposa momwe zimakhalira nthawi zonse:

• kuphwanya malangizidwe ogwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamagulu,
• zakudya zotsekemera, zakudya yokazinga, mafuta, zamzitini, zipatso zouma ndi zinthu zina zochokera mndandanda wazololedwa zosaloledwa,
• Njira zakukonzera zomwe sizigwirizana ndizomwe zimapangidwira: chakudya chimayesedwa, kusuta, kuzifutsa, zipatso zouma zimapangidwa, kumalanso kumayiko kumachitika,
• osayang'ana kudya patsiku,
• Kuletsa ntchito zagalimoto, kunyalanyaza zolimbitsa thupi,
• kudya kwambiri, kupatsa mphamvu ma kilogalamu,
• njira yolakwika posankha njira yochizira matenda a endocrine system,
• kulephera kwa mahomoni mu ziwalo,
• kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe adokotala amatsutsana nawo
• kuchuluka ndi kuchuluka kwa tsiku lililonse kwamaina a antihyperglycemic sikutsatiridwa munthawi yake,
• kunyalanyaza kusunga chidutswa cha chakudya chomwe chimaperekedwa, kuwerengera bwino kwa kudya kwa tsiku ndi tsiku,
• Kulephera kutsatira nthawi yomwe mukuyesa shuga wamagazi.

Kuwonetsedwa pafupipafupi kwa shuga ambiri

Mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga: chizolowezi chomwa shuga m'magazi musanadye komanso pambuyo pa zaka 60 chimafuna kugwiritsa ntchito glucometer tsiku lililonse. Lamulo losavuta ili lidzakuthandizani kupewa kusintha kosafunikira.

Odwala ayenera kumvetsetsa zomwe zizindikiro zoyambirira zikusonyeza kukula kwa hyperglycemia:

• kuyang'ana pakhungu pakhungu ndi pakamwa panu,
• Nthawi ndi nthawi kumabuka "ntchentche" pamaso,
• kuchuluka kwa madzi akumwa,
• kulakalaka
• zosintha zoyipa zomwe zakhudza thupi lonse,
• kukodza kawirikawiri,
• kuchepa kwamadzi pakhungu ndi mucous nembanemba,
• matenda amtundu wamkazi - candidiasis,
• Kuchiritsa kotalika kwambiri kwamabala akuwonekera m'thupi,
• mavuto amawonedwe
• kusowa pogonana mwa amuna,
• kutopa kochulukirapo, kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito ndi nyonga, malo omwe amakhala akubwera opanda chidwi komanso osakwiya msanga,
• minyewa yapawiri - kukokana,
• kupangitsa chidwi cha nkhope ndi miyendo.

Momwe mungapewere mankhwala a insulin

Kwa matenda a shuga a 2, muyenera kudziwa zakudya ndi zopatsa thanzi. shuga ndi insulin itikupewa zoyipa.

Kuti muchite izi, pimani zisonyezo pafupipafupi.

Nthawi yomweyo, izi zimachitika osati kuyambira m'mawa mpaka mphindi yakudya, koma tsiku lonse.

Matenda a shuga akapezeka mwanjira yoyipa, ndiye kuti pamimba yopanda kanthu, shuga sangakhale wopyola malire. Pambuyo pakudya, imatuluka, mwachilengedwe. Musachedwe kupita kwa dokotala ngati shuga wambiri amawonedwa masiku angapo.

Chizindikiro pamtunda wa 7.00 mmol / l chikuwonetsa kuti ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi endocrinologist. Glucometer wamba yolimbikitsidwa ndi madokotala ingathandize poyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga kunyumba. Pakadali pano adapanga zida zotere zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro popanda kufunika kwa biomaterial. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito, kulumikizana chala sikofunikira, mudzapewa kupweteka komanso chiopsezo chotenga kachilomboka.

Kodi kukhazikika kungatheke bwanji?

Ngati inu, munthawi ya miyezo yomwe mwapangidwira, muwona kuti mulingo wazizindikiro zamagulu abwinobwino sikhala wabwinobwino, muyenera kupenda zotsatirazi:

• Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku
• Nthawi yakudya
• Zakudya zonse zamafuta
• Njira zophikira chakudya chokonzekera.
• Mwambiri, simumangotsatira zakudya zomwe mwalimbikitsa kapena mumaloleza yokazinga kapena maswiti.

Kukhala kosavuta kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa kulumikizana kwakuthwa mu Zizindikiro za shuga kapena hyperglycemia yosasintha mukasunga buku lazakudya. Zizindikiro zomwe zidalembedweratu za nthawi, kuchuluka komanso chakudya chomwe mumadya tsiku lonse zikuthandizira kudziwa zomwe mwalakwitsa.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi

Ndi ofanana kwa onse, popanda kusiyanitsa. Kusiyanaku nthawi zambiri kumakhala kopanda tanthauzo. Ziwerengero za makanda ndizotsika pang'ono poyerekeza ndi za anthu okalamba.

Shuga potengera zaka

Likukhalira kuti mtundu 2 shuga akuwonetsa kuti shuga wamagazi asanadye komanso pambuyo pa zaka 60 adzachulukitsidwa. Munthawi imeneyi, thupi silingathenso kupirira ndi ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito shuga moyenera, chifukwa chake, zizindikiro zake zimachulukana. Izi zili choncho makamaka kwa anthu onenepa kwambiri.

Zizindikiro zamaguluu kuyambira tsiku

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, njira ya kudya imakhudza kuwerenga kwa shuga. Sizomwe zimachitika tsiku lonse. Kusintha mfundo zake ndikusiyana kwa anthu odwala komanso athanzi.

Mfundo inanso yofunika kuiganizira ndi glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c).

• Kufunika kwake kumakupatsani mwayi woti mumvetse bwino za kukhalapo kwa glucose m'miyezi iwiri yapitayi - 3.5.
• Mtengo wake umawonekera peresenti.
• Mwa munthu yemwe samakumana ndi matendawa, nthawi zambiri amachokera ku 4.5 mpaka 5.9%.

International Federation, yomwe imagwirizana kwambiri ndi matenda a shuga, yakhazikitsa chandamale kwa odwala osaposa 6.6%. Pali mwayi wotsitsa mtengo wake ngati mutakhazikitsa lamulo lotsogolera glycemia.

Pakadali pano, akatswiri ambiri amavomereza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kuyesetsa kusunga shuga wawo wamagazi pafupifupi monga momwe amapangira anthu athanzi. Pankhaniyi, chiwopsezo chotenga mavuto, mwachitsanzo, matenda ashuga a polyneuropathy omwe amaphatikizana ndi matendawa, amayamba kuchepa.

Chifukwa chake, nthendayi ndi matenda a shuga 2: kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi musanadye komanso pambuyo poti adye ayenera kuyang'aniridwa bwino tsiku ndi tsiku.

Dokotala wotchuka R. Bernstein akuwonetsa kufunikira kwa kuyesetsa kuchita zinthu monga 4.17-4.73 mmol / l (76-87 mg / dl).

Izi ndizomwe zikuwonetsedwa m'buku lake lotchuka Diabetes Solution. Kuti musunge kuchuluka kwa glycemia, muyenera kutsatira zakudya zosamalidwa mosamala kwambiri komanso nthawi zonse shuga. Izi zimathandiza kugwa kwake, kutanthauza hypoglycemia, ngati pangafunike.

Pankhaniyi, zakudya zama carb ochepa ndizabwino kwambiri.

Mukatha kudya, kulumikizana ndi shuga kumachulukana pafupifupi 8.6-8.8 mmol / L, Ichi ndi chizindikiro choyamba cha matenda ashuga. Malinga kuti muli ndi zaka zopitilira 60, mosakayikira muyenera kuonana ndi endocrinologist. Mudzafufuza mozama ndikutsimikizira kapena kukana kuwunika kwanu. Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni mayeso otsatirawa:

• glycated hemoglobin
• kulolera kwa thupi lanu.
• Kuyesedwa kwa glucose kopatsa chidwi ndi kuchuluka konse kwa 11.2 mmol / L kudzawonetsa kuti muli ndi matenda ashuga.

Zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga

Kukhala ndi malingaliro osasamala owunikira kuchuluka kwa shuga omwe amapangidwa ndi thupi lanu kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha chikomokere cha hypoglycemic. Matenda a shuga a Mtundu Wachiwiri ndi mtundu wa shuga m'magazi musanadye ndipo pambuyo pa zaka 60 akuwonetsa kuti kusintha kocheperako kumafunikira chisamaliro cha endocrinologist. Ndi yekhayo amene angapereke malingaliro ofunikira ndikukhazikitsa zomwe zingachitike pobweretsa zomwe mukufuna.

Chifukwa chiyani kuyang'anira kuyenera?

Kufooka kwa pancreatic ndi insulin yovuta kwambiri kumabweretsa kufunikira kosintha kuchokera pamapiritsi kupita ku majakisoni a mahomoni. Wodwalayo ayenera kumvetsetsa akamasamukira ku insulin komanso zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha shuga.

Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira zakudya zanu nthawi zonse.

Zopatula zakudya

Chotsani zakudya zamafuta ochepa. Samalani zipatso zokhala ndi acid komanso zotsekemera, zomwe zimakhala ndi antioxidants, mafuta ndi ma asidi omwe amathandizira kutentha mafuta ochulukirapo. Yesani kukhazikitsa njira zama metabolic mwa kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu omwe mumalandira.

Ma mkate a Mkate ndi Zakudya za Matenda A shuga

• Kuti zitheke, odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukhala ndi matebulo a matebulo.
• Kutengera ngati mukugwira ntchito zopepuka kapena zolemetsa zolimbitsa thupi, moyo wamtundu wanji womwe mumatsogolera (wogwira ntchito kapena ochepa), mulingo wa XE umasiyananso.
• Zakudya zama carb zochepa ndizoyenera kuchepetsa shuga.

Koma nthawi yomweyo, osalolera mitengo yake yotsika kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, mukukumana ndi vuto la hypoglycemic, kutanthauza kuti, nthawi zina, ngakhale kufa. Mukaphika, sinthani pamatenda ake otentha, phatikizani mayina azinthu zingapo. Sinthani nyama yokhala ndi mafuta ochepa ndi mafuta owonda. M'malo momata pansi pa chovala cha ubweya, konzekerani saladi wamasamba wopepuka wokometsedwa ndi mandimu ndi mafuta achilengedwe azomera. Kumbukirani kuti zingakhale bwino ngati mutadya apulo yonse, osapanga juwisi kuchokera pamenepo, yomwe imathandizira kuwonjezera shuga. Ma apricots atsopano azikuwonjezerani 25 GI kwa inu mwatsopano, ndipo atha kumuchotsa 960 GI.

Malangizo a Zakudya Zopatsa Thanzi

Munthu wokonda kudwala kwambiri ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa zochitika zake za tsiku ndi tsiku ndi mndandanda watsiku ndi tsiku kuti asayambitse zovuta zowopsa.

Nawa maupangiri ofunikira kwambiri omwe aliyense ayenera kudziwa:

1. Chotsani malonda omwe ali ndi AI ndi GI yowonjezera pazosankha.
2. Gwiritsani ntchito wotchi yoyenera.
3. Gwiritsani ntchito njira zotsatirazi zophikira: nthunzi, kuphika, kuphika.
4. Pewani kusuta, kukazinga, kuyanika ndi kumeta.
5. Osagwiritsa ntchito mafuta zinyama, m'malo mwa mafuta masamba.
6. Idyani zipatso ndi masamba nthawi ndi nthawi, atsopano.
7. Samalani ndi zakudya zam'nyanja, koma ayenera kukhala otsika-kalori, opanda chimphona chachikulu.
8. Werengani XE.
9. Ma tebulo a XE, GI, AI ayenera kukhala opanda chidwi ndi inu.
10. Onetsetsani kuti zopatsa mphamvu za tsiku ndi tsiku zomwe zatsalira sizikhala 2500 - 2700 kcal.
11. Kuti chakudya chizigwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono, idyani fiber yambiri.
12. Musaiwale za muyeso wopitilira muyeso wa shuga pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika tsiku lonse, chakudya chisanachitike komanso musanadye. Pankhaniyi, mutha kukonza zomwe zikuwonetsa hypoglycemia panthawi yake.
13. Kumbukirani kuti mfundo zapamwamba zimasokoneza ntchito ya ziwalo zonse.

Musalole kuti matenda oopsa ngati mtundu wa matenda ashuga 2 achitike, njira ya shuga m'magazi musanadye komanso pambuyo pa zaka 60 iyenera kuyang'aniridwa. Dziwani kuti kugwira ntchito kwa ziwalo zanu kumakulirakulira ndi zaka. Zosintha zomwe zikuwonekera munthawi yake zithandiza kuyankha mwachangu komanso kuchitapo kanthu kofunikira. Thanzi lanu nthawi zambiri limadalira inu.