Zakudya za odwala matenda a shuga a Nephropathy: Mndandanda wazogulitsa

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda a impso omwe minofu ya chiwalo ndi ziwiya zake zimakhudzidwa, nthawi zambiri imayamba ngati shuga. Mankhwala, mankhwala ndi zakudya zapadera za matenda a shuga a nephropathy amalembedwa, zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa katundu pa kwamikodzo dongosolo ndi kuopsa kwa chithunzichi.

Malangizo onse

Kusankhidwa kwa zakudya za nephropathy kumachitika ndi adokotala omwe amapita, kutengera deta yomwe idapezedwa pakuyesa. Chithunzi cha zakudya munthawi yamatendawa chimathandiza kuthana ndi kutupa kwambiri kwa thupi, kusintha mulingo wamadzi. Chifukwa cha izi, kuuma kwa zizindikiro za kuledzera kwamthupi kumachepa ndipo ntchito yodutsitsa thupi imasintha. Kusankhidwa kwa tebulo lazakudya ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala oyipa omwe amachokera ku chakudya.

Kutengera ndi kuopsa kwa zizindikiro, chomwe chimayambitsa matenda, komanso momwe wodwalayo alili, tebulo lazakudya 7, 7a, 7b ndi mankhwala.

Madera onse azakudya amatengera mfundo za onse:

• kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zakudya zamafuta ndi nyama zamapuloteni, zomwe zimasinthidwa pang'onopang'ono ndi mafuta a masamba,
• kutsitsa kuchuluka kwa mchere womwe umatha kudya kilogalamu imodzi yolemera,
• kukana zamzitini, yokazinga, kusuta, mchere, zokometsera ndi zakudya zowuma.
• kuchuluka kumwa boma,
• zakudya zazing'ono zomwe ndimadya pafupipafupi m'magawo ang'onoang'ono,
• kupatula mafuta opepuka ndi shuga,
• ndi kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu m'magazi - kuchepa kwake ndi chakudya,
• potaziyamu wotsika kwambiri - kuonetsetsa kuti chakudya chokwanira,
• kutsika kwa kuchuluka kwa zakudya zopezeka mu phosphorous,
• kudya zakudya zokhala ndi chitsulo chambiri,
• zinthu zonse zimagwiritsidwa ntchito yophika kapena kuwotchera,
• Zakudya za ana zimafanana ndi njira ya akulu.

Zambiri pazakudya zopatsa thanzi

Panthawi yodwala ziwalo zophatikizika, momwe zimagwirira ntchito zimakhudzika, zomwe zimawonetsedwa kuchepa kwa kuthetsedwa kwa poizoni ndi poizoni m'thupi. Chovuta kwambiri kwa impso ndi mankhwala asafe, omwe amapangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zamapuloteni zomwe zimachokera ku nyama. Chifukwa chake, zakudya zonse za matenda a impso zimapangidwa kuti muchepetse pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni a nyama omwe amadya ndikuwonjezera mapuloteni ake.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kukana kwambiri zinthu zamapuloteni kumavulaza thupi lopanda mphamvu ndipo kungayambitse kukulira kwa vutoli. Chifukwa chake, njirayi iyenera kukhala pang'onopang'ono. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muthawe zakudya zamafuta ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi (nkhuku, nsomba zamafuta ochepa, venal).

Mchere wambiri m'zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku umatsogolera pakupanga kutupa ndi kuwonjezeka kwamkati ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi. Chifukwa chake, kuti muchepetse kuuma kwa zizindikiro izi, mchere wofunikira pang'onopang'ono ndi wofunikira.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuphika chakudya popanda mchere kapena, ngati kuli kofunika, onjezerani mchere musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito. Pofuna kusintha makomedwe azakudya, mchere ungalowe m'malo ndi madzi a phwetekere popanda mchere, mandimu, adyo, anyezi, zitsamba.

Zokhudza zakudya pa impso

Zovuta za impso zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa njira yochotsa potaziyamu m'thupi, yomwe imayang'anira ntchito ya ziwalo zophatikizika, minofu yamtima ndi minofu minofu. Chifukwa chake, kuchepa kwake kapena kuchepa kwake kumatha kubweretsa zotsatira zosasintha m'thupi. Madokotala amalimbikitsa kukulitsa kudya kwa potaziyamu tsiku lililonse m'magawo oyamba a nephropathy, ndikuwachepetsa pambuyo pake.

Kuchulukana kwa phosphorous m'magazi kumabweretsa kuyambika pang'onopang'ono kwa calcium kuchokera mthupi, kukulira kupweteka kwamalumikizidwe ndi kupindika pang'onopang'ono kwa mafupa ndi cartilage. Phosphorous imapangitsanso minofu kuumitsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwamphamvu kwa impso, minofu ya mtima, mafupa ndi mapapu. Chifukwa chake, matenda a impso amawonetsedwa ndi ma dermatoses oyenda, kutsekeka kwa mtima komanso kumva kuwawa m'mapapu. Mu nthawi yovuta kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kudya zinthu zamtunduwu, zomwe zithandizira kufulumizitsa kuchira.

Kumwa madzi okwanira okwanira ndi gawo lofunikira pakudya koyenera. Madzi amathandizira kuyeretsa thupi pazinthu zovulaza, zomwe zimakhudzanso mphamvu za kuchira. Kuti muwone kuyendetsa bwino mkodzo, munthawi ya chithandizo muyenera kusiya zakudya zonunkhira, zamafuta, zamchere komanso zamzitini, zomwe zimasungabe madzi mthupi ndikupangitsa kuti liwonongeke komanso kuchuluka kwa kutupa.

Panthawi ya a impso pathologies komanso aimpso kulephera, menyu uyenera kuphatikizapo zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi chitsulo, zinc, calcium ndi selenium. Mkati mwa matendawa, kagayidwe kosokonekera kamabweretsa kusowa kwa zinthu zofunikira zomwe zimafunikira pakugwira bwino ntchito kwa ziwalo ndi machitidwe.

Zakudya tebulo nambala 7

Zakudya za matenda a shuga a nephropathy No. 7 tikulimbikitsidwa kubwezeretsa kagayidwe kachakudya, kuchepetsa kutupa, mtsempha wamagazi ndi magazi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda ashuga komanso dysmetabolic nephropathy, glomerulonephritis, kulephera kwaimpso ndi zina.

Malinga ndi malingaliro a patebulopo, zinthu zomwe zili ndi zakudya zamafuta kwambiri ndi mafuta zimagwera pansi pa zoletsedwa. Zakudya zimakonzedwa popanda mchere. Voliyumu ya tsiku ndi tsiku yamadzi akumwa sioposa 1 lita. Zinthu zopezeka tsiku ndi tsiku zophatikizira siziposa 2900 kcal, kuphatikiza mafuta - mpaka 450 g, mapuloteni - mpaka 80 g, mafuta - mpaka 100 g, shuga - mpaka 90 g.

Pakudya No. 7 amaloledwa kudya:

• msuzi pa msuzi wa masamba,
• nyama ndi lilime,
• nsomba zamafuta ochepa
• zopangidwa mkaka, kupatula tchizi,
• phala
• masamba
• chipatso
• mazira osapitilira 2 ma..,
• wokondedwa, kupanikizana, zakudya,
• buledi ndi zikondamoyo zopanda mchere.

• mchere wamafuta
• nyama ndi nsomba zamitundu yamafuta zamafuta ndikuzitulutsa,
• bowa
• tchizi cholimba komanso chofewa,
• nyemba
• zogulitsa zomwe zimakhala ndi oxalic ndi ascorbic acid,
• Chocolate

Zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga nephropathy

Matendawa amakhala m'gulu lotsogola pakati pa zomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Ambiri mwa odwala omwe ayimirira mzere wobwezeretseka kwa impso ndi dialysis ndi odwala matenda ashuga.

Matenda a diabetes ndi nephropathy ndi lingaliro lalikulu lomwe limaphatikizapo kuwonongeka kwa glomeruli, tubules, kapena zombo zomwe zimadyetsa impso. Matendawa amakula chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Choopsa cha nephropathy chotere kwa odwala matenda ashuga ndikuti gawo lomaliza limatha kukhazikika pakufunika kwa dialysis. Poterepa, mapuloteni omwe amachulukitsa ntchito ya impso sawayikidwa konse pachakudya.

• ulesi
• kulawa kwazitsulo mkamwa
• kutopa,
• miyendo kukokana, nthawi zambiri madzulo.

Nthawi zambiri, matenda ashuga a nephropathy samadziwonetsa pokhazikika. Chifukwa chake ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga azikayezetsa kamodzi kapena kawiri pachaka:

1. kuyesa kwa mkodzo kwa creatinine, albin, microalbumin,
2. Ultrasound a impso
3. kuyezetsa magazi kwa creatinine.

Popanga matenda, madokotala ambiri amalimbikitsa kudya zakudya zama protein ochepa, akumakhulupirira kuti ndi omwe amathandizira impso. Izi ndizowona, koma osati mapuloteni omwe adakhala ngati chitukuko cha matenda ashuga. Cholinga cha izi ndi shuga wowonjezereka, omwe ali ndi poizoni pakhungu la impso.

Kuti mupewe gawo lomaliza la matenda a impso, muyenera kutsatira zakudya zopatsa thanzi.Mankhwala oterowo azikhala ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa - shuga wambiri.

Kusankha kwazinthu pokonzekera menyu kuyenera kutengera mndandanda wawo wa glycemic index (GI).

Glycemic Product Index

Zakudya zochepa zama carbohydrate zimasunga matenda abwinobwino a shuga 2, pomwe mtundu woyamba umachepetsa kuchuluka kwa insulin yochepa komanso ya ultrashort. Ndi malo awa omwe amathandiza kupewa zovuta zambiri kuchokera ku matenda ashuga.

Lingaliro la GI ndi chisonyezo cha digito cha kudya ndi kuwonongeka kwa mafuta m'magazi, zomwe zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi, atatha kugwiritsa ntchito. Pochepetsa chizindikiro, "chotetezeka" chakudya.

Mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zili ndi GI yotsika ndizokwanira kwambiri, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wopanga chakudya chokwanira, osataya kukoma kwa mbale. Mlozera wotsika udzakhala mpaka mayunitsi 50, pafupifupi mayunitsi 50 mpaka 70, komanso okwera 70.

Nthawi zambiri, ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 komanso matenda a shuga a 2, zakudya zokhala ndi cholozera pakati zimaloledwa kangapo pa sabata. Koma ndi matenda ashuga a nephropathy amatsutsana.

Zakudya za shuga za nephropathy sizimangokhala zakudya zokha ndi GI yotsika, komanso njira zamatenda othandizira kutentha. Kuphika kotsatiraku ndikovomerezeka:

• kwa okwatirana
• wiritsani
• pa microwave
• simmer mumafuta ochepa,
• kuphika
• ophika pang'onopang'ono, kupatula ngati "mwachangu".

Pansipa pali mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zakudya zimapangidwira.

Zakudya za Zakudya

Chakudya cha wodwalayo chimayenera kukhala chosiyanasiyana. Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku zimakhala ndi chimanga, nyama kapena nsomba, masamba, zipatso, mkaka ndi mkaka wowawasa. Mlingo wamadzi akumwa ndi malita awiri.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti zipatso ndi zipatso zamabulosi, ngakhale kuchokera ku zipatso zomwe zili ndi GI yotsika, ndizoletsedwa pazakudya. Ndi mankhwalawa, amataya CHIKWANGWANI, chomwe chimagwira ntchito yolowa yunifolomu m'magazi.

Zipatso ndi zipatso zimadyedwa bwino m'mawa, osaposa 150 - 200 magalamu. Sayenera kubweretsedwa pachikhalidwe kuti asachulukitse GI. Ngati saladi wa zipatso wakonzedwa kuchokera ku izi, ndiye kuti izi ziyenera kuchitika posachedwa kuti tisunge mavitamini ndi michere yambiri ambiri momwe tingathere.

Zipatso Zotsika za GI ndi Zipatso:

1. akuda ndi ofiira
2. jamu
3. maapulo amtundu uliwonse, kutsekemera kwawo sikukhudza kalozera,
4. peyala
5. apurikoti
6. mabuluni
7. rasipiberi
8. sitiroberi
9. zipatso zamtchire.
10. zipatso zamtundu uliwonse wa malalanje - mandimu, lalanje, mandarin, pomelo, laimu.

Masamba ndiye maziko azakudya za matenda ashuga ndipo amapanga theka la zakudya zonse. Amatha kuwadyetsa chakudya cham'mawa, onse, komanso tiyi wamadzulo ndi chakudya chamadzulo. Ndikwabwino kusankha masamba omwe ali ndi nyengo, ali ndi michere yambiri.

Masamba a otsika GI odwala matenda ashuga nephropathy:

• squash
• anyezi
• adyo
• biringanya
• phwetekere
• nyemba zobiriwira
• mphodza
• nandolo zatsopano zowuma,
• mitundu yonse ya kabichi - kolifulawa, broccoli, kabichi yoyera ndi yofiira,
• tsabola wokoma.

Kuchokera ku mbewu monga chimanga, mumatha kuphika mbale zonse ziwiri ndikuwonjezera mbale zoyambirira. Kusankha kwawo kuyenera kusamala kwambiri, popeza ena ali ndi GI yapakati komanso yapamwamba. Ndi matenda ashuga, osalemedwa ndi matenda ena, madokotala nthawi zina amalola phala ya chimanga kudya - GI m'malire kwambiri, popeza ili ndi michere yambiri. Koma ndi matenda ashuga nephropathy, kumwa kwake kumatsutsana. Popeza kulumpha pang'ono m'magazi a magazi kumayambitsa kupsinjika kwa impso.

Pafupifupi zonse zamkaka ndi mkaka wowawasa zomwe zimakhala ndi GI yotsika, ndizokhazo zomwe siziyenera kuphatikizidwa:

1. wowawasa zonona
2. mafuta 20% mafuta,
3. yogurt yabwino ndi zipatso,
4. batala
5. margarine
6. tchizi zolimba (kalozera kakang'ono, koma zopatsa mphamvu zopatsa mphamvu),
7. wokometsedwa mkaka
8. tchizi chowala,
9. curd misa (kuti isasokonezeke ndi kanyumba tchizi).

Mazira amaloledwa m'magulu a shuga kuposa tsiku lililonse, chifukwa yolk imakhala ndi cholesterol yoyipa. Ndi nephropathy iyi, ndikwabwino kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala mwanjira imeneyi.

Izi sizikugwira ntchito pamapuloteni, GI yawo ndi 0 PIECES, ndipo index yolk ndi 50 PIECES.

Nyama ndi nsomba zimayenera kusankha mitundu yamafuta ochepa, ndikuchotsa zotsalira za khungu ndi mafuta. Caviar ndi mkaka ndizoletsedwa. Zakudya zamafuta ndi nsomba zili m'zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku, makamaka kamodzi patsiku.

Ndimalola nyama ndi zotere:

• nkhuku
• zinziri
• nkhuku
• nyama ya kalulu
• ng'ombe
• ng'ombe
• ng'ombe chiwindi
• chiwindi nkhuku
• lilime la ng'ombe.

Kuchokera ku nsomba, mutha kusankha:

Kupanga chakudya cha odwala odwala matenda ashuga kuchokera ku mitundu yonse yomwe ili pamwambapa, munthu amalandila chakudya choyenera komanso chopatsa thanzi.

Cholinga chake ndi kukhala ndi shuga m'magazi momwe muliri.

Zosintha zachitsanzo

Zosankha zomwe zili pansipa zimatha kusinthidwa malinga ndi zomwe amakonda. Chachikulu ndichakuti zinthuzo zimakhala ndi GI yotsika ndipo zimakonzedwa moyenera. Ndi zoletsedwa kuwonjezera mchere mu chakudya, ndibwino kuchepetsa mchere wambiri.

Osaloleza kufa ndi njala komanso kudya kwambiri. Zinthu ziwiri izi zimadzetsa kulumpha kwa shuga. Kudya m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, kasanu mpaka sikisi patsiku.

Ngati mukumva njala yayikulu, imaloledwa kukhala ndi zokhwasula pang'ono, mwachitsanzo, gawo laling'ono la saladi ya masamba kapena kapu yamkaka.

• kadzutsa woyamba - saladi wa zipatso,
• Chakudya chotsatira cham'mawa chachiwiri - omelet kuchokera ku mapuloteni ndi ndiwo zamasamba, tiyi wobiriwira wokhala ndi mkate wa rye
• nkhomaliro - msuzi wamasamba, barele wokhala ndi cutlet ya nsomba, khofi wobiriwira ndi zonona,
• tiyi wamasana - saladi wamasamba, tiyi,
• chakudya chamadzulo choyamba - tsabola wokoma wokhazikika ndi nkhuku yokazinga ndi mpunga wamafuta, tiyi,
• chakudya chachiwiri - theka kapu ya yogati.

1. kadzutsa woyamba - apulo umodzi, tchizi chanyumba,
2. chakudya chachiwiri cham'mawa chokhala ndi matenda ashuga amitundu iwiri monga biringanya, phwetekere, anyezi ndi tsabola wokoma, tiyi wobiriwira,
3. nkhomaliro - msuzi wa buckwheat, phala la barele ndi cutlet nyama yanyama, khofi wobiriwira ndi kirimu,
4. Chakudya chamadzulo - zakudya zonunkhira bwino, buledi
5. chakudya chamadzulo - masamba, nyama saladi.

• kadzutsa woyamba - saladi wa zipatso wokometsedwa ndi kefir,
• nkhomaliro - omeleramu ochokera ku mapuloteni, khofi ndi kirimu.
• nkhomaliro - supu yamasamba, phala balere ndi miyala yodulira kuchokera ku chiwindi cha nkhuku yoyamwa, tiyi wobiriwira,
• tiyi wamadzulo - 150 ml ya yogati,
• Chakudya chamadzulo choyamba - kabichi woyamwa ndi mpunga ndi bowa, kagawo ka mkate wa rye,
• chakudya chachiwiri ndi tiyi yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga.

1. kadzutsa woyamba - odzola pa oatmeal, kagawo ka mkate wa rye,
2. nkhomaliro - saladi wa masamba, dzira yophika, tiyi wobiriwira,
3. nkhomaliro - msuzi wa peyala, biringanya wowotchera, wophika mkate, tiyi,
4. chakudya chamasana - magalamu 150 a kanyumba tchizi ndi zipatso zingapo zouma (maapulo owuma, mitengo yaminda, nkhuyu),
5. chakudya chamadzulo choyamba - chakudya chokhala ndi lilime la ng'ombe yophika, tiyi,
6. chakudya chachiwiri - 150 ml ya ryazhenka.

• kadzutsa woyamba - saladi wa zipatso,
• nkhomaliro - saladi wa masamba, chidutswa cha mkate wa rye,
• nkhomaliro - msuzi wamasamba, bowa wophika ndi nkhuku, khofi wobiriwira ndi kirimu,
• tiyi wamadzulo - magalamu 150 a kanyumba tchizi, zipatso zouma, tiyi,
• chakudya chamadzulo choyamba - barele, chakudya chansomba, tiyi wobiriwira,
• chakudya chachiwiri ndi kapu ya kefir yopanda mafuta.

1. kadzutsa woyamba - khofi wobiriwira wokhala ndi zonona, zidutswa zitatu za ma cookie a shuga pa fructose,
2. nkhomaliro - omammamu ndi masamba, tiyi wobiriwira,
3. nkhomaliro - msuzi wamafuta a brown
4. masana chakudya - onunkhira pa oatmeal, kagawo ka mkate wa rye,
5. chakudya choyamba - nsomba, kuphika m'chikwama ndi masamba, tiyi,
6. chakudya chachiwiri - theka kapu ya yogati.

• kadzutsa woyamba - tiyi wokhala ndi tchizi,
• chakudya cham'mawa chachiwiri - mafuta omwera kuchokera ku mapuloteni ndi ndiwo zamasamba, buledi
• nkhomaliro idzakhala msuzi wa pea kwa anthu 2 odwala matenda ashuga okhala ndi buledi wa rye, buwheat wokhala ndi nsomba zamtundu wina, khofi wobiriwira,
• tiyi wamadzulo - tchizi chanyumba ndi zipatso zouma, tiyi,
• chakudya chamadzulo choyamba - mphodza, chiwindi, tiyi wobiriwira,
• chakudya chachiwiri ndi kapu ya yogati.

Kanemayo munkhaniyi akufotokozera chifukwa chake kuwonongeka kwa impso kumachitika ndi matenda ashuga.

Zakudya za shuga

Chithandizo cha endocrine pathology sichimangokhala pakati. Kupatsa thanzi matenda a shuga kumathandiza kwambiri kukhalabe ndi shuga m'magazi, komanso kagayidwe kokwanira (chimbudzi).

Chifukwa chakuti pali zovuta zina zogwira ntchito mu mahomoni ofunikira - insulin, zakudya ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala kuti muchepetse kukula kwa hyperglycemic coma (glucose level> 10 mmol / l).

Zakudya zoyenera za anthu odwala matenda ashuga ziyenera kutsimikizira kudya zipatso zatsopano, masamba ndi zitsamba tsiku lililonse.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kwambiri kuti zakudya zonse zomwe zimachokera ku nyama, komanso zokazinga ndi mchere, zichotsedwe.

Zakudya za odwala matenda ashuga ayenera:

• Kukwaniritsa zofunikira zamthupi (a 2000-3000 kcal kwa anthu ogwira ntchito),
• Kupezeka kwamagulu mavitamini ndi ma enzyme,
• Imagawidwa m'mapwando a 5-6 tsiku lonse,
• Khalani ndi cholinga chochepetsa thupi (ndi matenda a shuga a 2)
• Muli mafuta ochulukitsa pang'onopang'ono (wowuma, fiber, pectin), omwe magwero ake ndi nyemba, chimanga, masamba amasamba.

Kusankha bwino kwa malonda

Zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga ziyenera kutengera chimbudzi ndi matendawa, motero, pali kusankha mosamalitsa pazinthu kuti azisunga homeostasis (kukhazikika) ndi chizolowezi cha hyperglucoseemia (kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi).

Ndi matenda a shuga, mutha kudya zinthu zochepa zomwe zimasankhidwa mwapadera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi endocrine pancreatic pathologies.

Zinthu Zovomerezeka za Matenda A shuga:

• Mtedza, makamaka waiwisi,
• Masamba ophika masamba, okroshka, zipatso
• Zinthu za soya, monga tofu, mkaka wa soya,
• Nyemba, nandolo, mphodza,
• Masamba atsopano (nkhaka, tomato, kabichi, kaloti, beets),
• Zipatso zopanda zipatso ndi zipatso (mapeyala, maapulo, lalanje, ndimu, maula, chitumbuwa),
• Zipatso zouma kapena zophika kale,
• Porridge (buckwheat, mapira, oatmeal),
• Madzi opukusa kumene ndi madzi amchere,

Zakudya Zosiyanasiyana sayenera kukhala ndi shuga. Pazomwezi, pali ma fanizo omwe amagawidwa m'magulu awiri:

• Zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu: xylitol, fructose, sorbitol,
• Zomwe zilibe mphamvu: aspartame, saccharin,

Nthawi zambiri kudya zotsekemera sikuyenera zimatha kuyambitsa mavuto.

Culinary processing mu mawonekedwe a kutumiza, kuwira, kuphika ndikololedwa ngati kuli kofunikira. Zitsamba zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mawonekedwe aiwisi ndizothandiza kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito popanda kukonza.

Muyenera kudya ndi shuga nthawi zambiri koma m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Izi zimathandizira kuwongolera shuga.

Zoletsa Matenda a shuga:

• Shuga, mchere, chokoleti, maswiti, ayisikilimu,
• Jam, pickles ndi marinade,
• Yogurts, kirimu, zonona wowawasa ndi mkaka,
• Zakudya zamafuta
• Zakumwa zilizonse zakumwa zoledzeretsa,
• Zakumwa zamphesa, zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga,
• Zophika zokoma ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi ufa.

Malangizo ndi zidule za matenda ashuga

Kwa odwala matenda a shuga, menyu woyenera amasankhidwa, womwe uyenera kuyang'aniridwa. Kwakukulu chakudya wopatsidwa chakudya cham'mawa, wokhala ndi mlingo wotsikirapo wa nkhomaliro, chakudya chamadzulo chimayenera kukhala calorie yotsika.

Kutengera mtundu wa matenda, Zakudya za matenda ashuga zimakhala ndi zake:

• Makonda a matenda a shuga a 2 ayenera kalori wotsika, pafupipafupi komanso kuphatikiza zolimbitsa thupi, chifukwa odwala amafunikira kuonda.
• Zakumwa zoledzeretsa siziphatikizidwa. kuchokera kwa odwala matenda ashuga, ali ndi zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri ndipo sanapangidwe kuti adye.
• Zakudya zamatenda a matenda amtundu woyamba zimabweranso osasankha zopangidwa ndi shuga, komanso kutsatira boma. Kuphatikiza kwa zinthu ndikofunikira kuti munthu azitha kudya mapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya chambiri. Simungathe kuwonjezera zophatikiza tsiku ndi tsiku.Ndikofunikira kuganizira zamagulu akudya ndikukhazikitsa jakisoni wa insulin.

Kupewa

Pofuna kupewa zovuta za matenda ashuga (hyperglycemic, hypoglycemic chikomokere), tikulimbikitsidwa kupangira tiyi ndikupanga zinthu motengera mbewu zotsatirazi:

• Ginseng
• Chicory (m'malo mwa khofi)
• Wort wa St.
• Eleutherococcus,
• Dandelion
• Nettle
• Blueberries
• Masamba a Walnut
• Muzu wa Burdock
• Mbewu za fulakesi

Phytopreparations Amakhala otchuka pakati pa odwala matenda ashuga omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku lililonse, chifukwa samasokoneza njira za metabolic, ngakhale gawo la glucose m'magazi ndipo alibe zoletsa kugwiritsa ntchito. Amakhalanso ndi tonic yotulutsa komanso yofatsa.

Zakudya za impso nephropathy

Mawu akuti nephropathy amaphatikiza njira zingapo za pathological zomwe zimachitika mu impso. Chakudya cha impso nephropathy ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakukhazikitsa thanzi. Chakudya choterocho chimakhala ndi cholinga chothandiza kuti kagayidwe kake kazikhala mthupi. Kuphatikiza pa zakudya zamankhwala, ndikofunikira kuthana ndi zotsatirazi, kusiya matenda omwe anachititsa kukula kwa nephropathy.

Zoyambitsa Nephropathy

Oyambitsa vutoli ndi awa:

• matenda ashuga
• mimba
• gout
• khansa
• hemoglobin wotsika
• cholowa
• poyizoni wa mankhwala kapena mankhwala,
• kusintha kwa mahomoni
• kagayidwe kachakudya matenda
• matenda a kwamkodzo thirakiti
• miyala ya impso.

Mitundu yazakudya

Chakudyacho chimapangidwa pambuyo popenda wodwalayo kuti adziwe zosowa ndi zomwe wodwala akuchita. Poyambirira matendawa, ndikokwanira kuphatikiza zakudya zazing'ono zoletsa. Ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba, zakudya ziyenera kukhala zochiritsira.

Mothandizidwa ndi zakudya zoyenera, mulingo wamchere mthupi umabwezeretseka. Chifukwa cha zinthu zosankhidwa mwapadera, dongosolo la kwamikodzo limayamba kugwira ntchito mwachizolowezi, chifukwa chake, kufupika kwa malekezero kumachepa kapena kusowa kwathunthu.

Kupsinjika kwa magazi kumayambiranso, kuledzera kwa thupi kumadutsa.

Malamulo oyambira zakudya

• Kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono kwa mapuloteni a nyama muzakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku komanso kusintha pang'onopang'ono kwa mapuloteni a masamba.
• Kuchepetsa kudya kwamchere.
• Kuchepetsa zakudya zambiri potaziyamu ndi kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu m'magazi.
• Kuwonjezeka kwa zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi potaziyamu kwambiri komanso kutsika kwa potaziyamu.
• Kuchepetsa zakudya zambiri mu phosphorous.
• Kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zonunkhira, zamafuta, zamzitini ndi zosowa.
• Kusintha kwa chakudya chamagulu.
• Kumwa madzi akumwa okwanira.
• Kudya mavitamini, michere ndi zakudya zambiri.
• Kudya zakudya zomwe zimachepetsa cholesterol.
• Chepetsani mafuta osavuta m'zakudya zanu.

Zambiri Zapuloteni

Impso zowonongeka movutikira zimachotsa poizoni wa nayitrogeni, koposa onse amapanga mapuloteni ake achinyama. Komabe, kukana kwambiri kwazinthu zamanyama ndi kupsinjika kwa thupi, komwe kumakulitsanso mkhalidwe waumoyo. Zakudya zama protein tsiku lililonse zimayenera kuchepetsedwa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusinthira ku nyama yakudya, nsomba, kenako kwathunthu kumapuloteni azamasamba.

Zambiri pamchere

Ndi mapangidwe a edema, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse mchere. Mukamaphika, osathira mchere konse, onjezani mchere pang'onopang'ono musanadye.

Kusintha kwa chakudya chopanda mchere kumachitika pang'onopang'ono kuti musinthe kukoma kwanu.

Mchere umakometsa kukoma kwa chakudya, chifukwa chake, mukasinthira ku chakudya chopanda mchere, ndikofunikira kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zina zomwe zimasintha kukoma kwa chakudya: msuzi wa phwetekere kapena msuzi wopanda mchere, mandimu, zitsamba zouma, adyo wowuma ndi anyezi, mchere wa udzu winawake.

Werengani zambiri za kufufuza potaziyamu

Kutengera zotsatira zakusanthula, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kapena kutsika kwa zakudya kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zili ndi potaziyamu mkati mwake.

Nthawi zambiri, ndikuwonetsa matendawa koyambirira, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kudya kwa potaziyamu, ndipo pambuyo pake, m'malo mwake, kuchepetsa. Mabhanana ali ndi potaziyamu ambiri, mtedza wambiri, tchizi cha kanyumba, buluwheat, sipinachi, mapeyala, oatmeal.

Ngati pakufunika kuchepetsa potaziyamu m'zinthuzo, chithandizo cha kutentha chimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

About phosphorous ndi madzi

Kutsika pang'onopang'ono kwa phosphorous mu zakudya kumathandizira pakumwa, kumachepetsa kukula kwa impso za minofu yolumikizidwa komanso kuwoneka ngati chidakwa kapena chovuta kwambiri. Zakudya zonunkhira, zamafuta, zam'chitini ndi zokhathamira zimapatsa mphamvu kwamikodzo.

Madzi amwe madzi okwanira, m'mawa, kudya kwam'madzi kumayambitsa machitidwe onse mthupi ndikuyeretsa thupi la poizoni lomwe limasonkhana usiku wonse. Komabe, ndi kulemera msanga, chifukwa cha edema, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwamadzi nthawi yayitali kuti muchepetse zomwe zimayambitsa.

About Mavitamini ndi Cholesterol

Panthawi ya matenda komanso chithandizo, thupi la munthu limataya zinthu zambiri zothandiza. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kumwa mavitamini othandizira, kuphatikizapo zinthu za chitsulo, nthaka, selenium, calcium.

Phatikizaninso zakudya zomwe zili ndi chitsulo pazakudya: mphesa, beets, makangaza. Chofunikira kwambiri pazakudya chidzakhala kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe zimachepetsa cholesterol: kabichi yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, zitsamba, masamba obiriwira a tirigu.

Kuphatikiza apo, kupewa kudya kwamphamvu kwambiri kumachepetsa magazi a cholesterol ndi insulin.

Zakudya zamafuta

Zakudya zabwino zamasamba komanso vegan ndizophatikizira mbewu monga chimanga kapena zopanda mbewu. Nyama yosasangalatsa, mbale za bowa, mazira. Mukasinthana ndi mapuloteni ammasamba, soups za nsomba ndi msuzi zimaloledwa. Soseji, nyama zam'chitini, nsomba zamchere komanso zosuta. Ndikofunika kuthetsa kwathunthu zinthu zamkaka.

Zakudya monga chimanga ndi ufa

Mbewu zonse, makamaka zopanda ma gluten, ndizabwino: mapira (mapira), bulwheat, amaranth, quinoa, chia, mpunga wa bulauni, miyendo yonse ndiyabwino. Ndikofunikira kusiya mpunga oyera, oatmeal, makamaka ma flakes oyipa nthawi yomweyo.

Masewera a gluten ndi osafunika: chimanga, tirigu, barele, oat. Utumbu wa tirigu wa Durum umaloledwa. Mutha kudya tirigu wathunthu, buledi wopanda mkate kapena mkate.

Zinthu zonse zophika buledi zokhala ndi shuga ndi yisiti zophika kuchokera ku ufa woyera ndi wakuda ndizoletsedwa.

Masamba ndi amadyera

Pafupifupi masamba onse ndi abwino: mbatata, beets, kaloti, oyera kabichi, Brussels zikumera, broccoli, kolifulawa, dzungu, nandolo zobiriwira, zukini, tsabola belu, biringanya, phwetekere, nkhaka, masamba. Muyenera kusamala ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma radish, radish, sore, sipinachi, adyo ndi anyezi watsopano. Zomera zam'chitini ndi kuzifutsa ndizoletsedwa.

Zakudya zokoma

Mu gawo loyamba, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito maswiti achilengedwe: zipatso, zipatso, zipatso zouma, uchi. Komabe, limodzi ndi chilengedwe cha matendawa, ndikofunikira kuwasiya. Chocolate, granola, mkaka wopukutidwa, maswiti, makeke, makeke, zakudya zilizonse zatsopano komanso zotsekemera ndi shuga, zopangidwa ndi matenda ashuga okhala ndi shuga m'malo mwake ziyenera kuthetsedwa.

Msuzi ndi zonunkhira

Zitsamba zouma, adyo, anyezi, zonunkhira zofewa ndizabwino: Cardamom, coriander, fennel, turmeric, asafoetida. Sauna wokhala ndi mandimu kutengera nthanga za dzungu ndi mbewu ya mpendadzuwa ndi wabwino. Msuzi wopanga tokha wopindulitsa. Horseradish, mpiru, mayonesi, ketchup, msuzi wa soya, msuzi wa mkaka, tsabola, ginger, tsabola wakuda ndizoletsedwa.

Zakumwa zosiyanasiyana

Tiyi yabwino yazitsamba, msuzi wa rosehip, zakumwa zokhala ndi mandimu, ma smoothies obiriwira ozungulira pamadzi ndi zophukira za tirigu wobiriwira, timadziti ta masamba obiriwira, madzi oyera. Ndikofunikira kupatula tiyi wakuda ndi wobiriwira, khofi, cocoa, zakumwa zoledzeretsa, mkaka, timadziti, madzi okhala ndi sodium, zakumwa za kaboni.Zakumwa za barele, chicory ndizololedwa.

Mafuta ndi Mafuta

Mbeu zosachedwa ndi zowira mpendadzuwa, maungu, maimondi, ma cashews ndizabwino. Mbewu za fulakesi, chia ndizabwino kwambiri. Mafuta osakanizidwa osazidwa bwino amaloledwa, omwe mafuta a azitona amathiridwa bwino. Mosamala, mtedza, Brazil, mtedza, macadamia uyenera kutengedwa. Ndi zoletsedwa ghee, batala, nsomba ndi mafuta a nyama, mafuta anyama.

Zakudya zoyenera za impso ya IgA nephropathy

IgA nephropathy imayendera limodzi ndi zovuta kapena matenda a ziwalo zina ndi machitidwe. Mtima ndi mafupa, chiwindi, komanso m'mimba zimavutika.

Cholinga cha zakudya zoyenera ku IgA-nephropathy ndikuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, kupereka zakudya, ndikuwonjezera chitetezo chokwanira.

Chitsimikiziro chachikulu pazakudya ndicho kudya mphamvu zazitsulo m'thupi la wodwalayo, kupatulidwa kwa mapuloteni a nyama ndi mafuta, kuphatikiza mafuta ochulukirapo.

Matenda a shuga a shuga: zakudya, zitsanzo mndandanda, mindandanda wazovomerezeka ndi zoletsedwa

Matenda a shuga amayambitsa zovuta zowopsa. Mu matenda a shuga, magulu osiyanasiyana a ziwalo zamunthu amakhudzidwa, kuphatikizapo magwiridwe antchito a impso.

Izi, zimabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa zaumoyo, ndipo ngati sizinachitike, ngakhale mpaka pakufa kwa wodwalayo.

Zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga komanso impso, kuphatikiza mankhwala oyenera, zitha kuthandiza kuthetsa vutoli.

Koma pachifukwa chiti shuga yayikulu imasokoneza ntchito ya impso? Zinthu zingapo zoyipa zimakhudza impso mu shuga.

Choyamba, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakhala ndi vuto.

Zimaphatikizidwa ndi mapuloteni a minofu - glycation imachitika, yomwe imayendetsa magwiridwe antchito a impso. Mapuloteni a glycated amachititsa kuti thupi lipange ma antibodies enaake, zomwe zimakhudzanso impso.

Kuphatikiza apo, m'magazi a anthu odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri mumakhala zinthu zambiri zamapulateleti, zomwe zimatseka ziwiya zochepa. Ndipo pamapeto pake, kuyamwa bwino kwa madzi m'maselo ndikusakwanira kwake kuchotsa mthupi kumakulitsa kuchuluka kwa magazi omwe amayenera kutsukidwa podutsa nokha, impso.

Zonsezi zimabweretsa chakuti glomerular hyperfiltration imachitika - mathamangitsidwe a impso glomeruli. Ndipo kulemera kwenikweni kumapangitsa kuti thupi lizigwira bwino ntchito ndikuyambitsa mawonekedwe a zotupa za matenda osokoneza bongo - matenda ashuga nephropathy. Amadziwika ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa kuchuluka kwa glomeruli yogwira chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa ma capillaries osakanikirana.

Chiwerengero cha glomeruli omwe akhudzidwa chikufika pachimake, zizindikiro zimawoneka zomwe zikuwonetsa kukula kwa impso:

• mutu
• kusanza ndi kusanza
• matenda ammimba
• kupuma movutikira
• kulawa kwazitsulo ndi kupuma kwabwi,
• Khungu
• kukokana ndi cramping.

Ndi chitukuko cha matenda, zovuta zowopsa ndizotheka - kukomoka komanso ngakhale kukomoka. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti muyambe kulandira chithandizo mwachangu, pomwe impso zimapezekabe ndi kuyeretsa magazi.

Chithandizo cha nephropathy chimayamba ndi shuga. Kupatula apo, ndizofunikira kwambiri za shuga zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa impso mu shuga.

Njira yotsatira yolimbana bwino ndi matendawa ndi kuchepa kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Ndikofunikira kuti kupanikizika kutha kukhala kosavuta pamlingo wa 130/80, ndipo kungakhale kwabwinoko ngakhale pang'ono.

Pomaliza, zakudya zimathandiza kwambiri kulephera kwa impso, matenda ashuga. Inde, kutsatira malamulo ena okhudzana ndi zakudya kumatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikuchepetsa nkhawa pa impso, motero kupewa kugonjetsedwa kwa ma capillaries atsopano.

Mfundo yayikulu yomwe zakudya zimayenera kutsata matenda a diabetes ndi nephropathy ndikuletsa kuchuluka kwa shuga komanso kuchepa kwa mitsempha.Malangizo azakudya amasiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana pamagawo osiyanasiyana.

Chifukwa chake, gawo loyambirira, losavuta, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse zomwe sizokhala ndi shuga zokha, komanso mapuloteni muzakudya. Njira izi ndizofunikira kuyendetsa ntchito ya impso.

Chakudya chokhala ndi mapuloteni otsika kwambiri chimachepetsa nkhawa pa impso ndikuthandizira kupirira matendawa. Kuphatikiza apo, kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikofunikira mu matendawo. Pankhaniyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma pickles momwe tingathere.

Ngati pagawo loyamba la matenda kuyendetsa shuga kumakhalapo koyamba, ndiye kuti chitukuko cha matenda ashuga chachikulu kwambiri ndikukhazikika kwa puloteni ya nyama. Kupatula apo, pali mankhwala apadera kuti muchepetse shuga, pomwe mphamvu ya mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kulemetsa kwa impso ndi yotsika kwambiri.

Njira yabwino ikhoza kukhala yotsimikizira kuti mapuloteni amanyama ndi omwe amapezeka m'malo mwamasamba. Malinga ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku, kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni a nyama mu chakudya cha wodwala sikuyenera kupitirira 12%.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonjezera pakuchepetsa kudya kwa mchere, mapuloteni ndi shuga, ndikofunikira kuti kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi phosphates kuchepetsedwa kwambiri pakukula kwa matendawa. Phosphorous imathanso kukhudza impso ndi kukokomeza mphamvu.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a nyama kumasonyezedwanso. Kupatula apo, ndiye gwero la cholesterol lomwe limapanga ziwiya zotsitsa za zolembazo. Kuphatikiza apo, kupendekera kotereku kumakhala kotengera osati ziwiya zamatumbo zokha - cholesterol yowonjezera imakhudzanso kwambiri ma capillaries mu impso, chifukwa chowonjezeranso chiopsezo chotseka.

Matenda a shuga amawopa mankhwalawa, ngati moto!

Ndikofunikira kutsatira.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazakudya, yomwe, ngati zakudya zimatsatiridwa chifukwa cha kulephera kwa aimpso m'matendawa, sikuti ndizovomerezeka - ndizoletsedwa.

Choyambirira, simungadye shuga ndi zinthu zomwe muli nazo, kapena kuchuluka kwa mafinya, kuphatikiza uchi, manyuchi zipatso, zina zotere siziyenera kusiyidwa kwathunthu.

Kuphatikiza apo, simungagwiritse ntchito zophika zilizonse zopangidwa ndi ufa woyera. Pali chakudya chambiri chamafuta m'zakudya izi. Chepetsa kumwa zipatso kwambiri ndi fructose - nthochi, masiku, mphesa, mavwende. Simuyeneranso kudya zotsekemera za mapeyala, maapulo, chivwende.

Osamadya zakudya zokazinga, nyama yamafuta. Nkhumba yoletsedwa, mwanawankhosa, nsomba yamafuta. Sitikulimbikitsidwanso kudya zakudya zamkaka zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri - tchizi chamafuta, kirimu wowawasa, etc.

Kuphatikiza apo, simungathe kudya ma pickles ndikudya nyama - amakhalanso ndi mchere wambiri, womwe umawonjezera kukakamizidwa.

Batala kunja ndi mafuta a margarine, okhala ndi mafuta ambiri anyama. Kugwiritsa ntchito mayonesi ndizosafunanso.

Ndi zoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito zakumwa zozizilitsa khofi, makamaka zotsekemera, komanso misuzi yazipatso, ngakhale zatsopano zopaka zokha - kudya kwawo kungapangitse kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Poletsedwa, mwachidziwitso, zakumwa zilizonse za zakumwa zoledzeretsa, komanso zokometsera zokometsera ndi zonunkhira. Tiyi iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala, ndipo khofi iyenera kutayidwa kwathunthu.

Gawo lalikulu la zakudya liyenera kukhala masamba. Ayenera kudyedwa yaiwisi, yonyowa, yodyetsedwa, yophika - osakongoletsedwa.

Palibe choletsa masamba, kupatula mbatata. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito mwanjira yophika, osapitilira 200 magalamu patsiku.

Buckwheat iyenera kuzindikiridwa monga phala lothandiza kwambiri, lomwe liyenera kuyambitsidwa mu chakudya cha matenda a shuga a nephropathy. Palibe mafuta osavuta ophatikizidwa mu diabetes. Mbewu zina, makamaka semolina, ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala.

Ndikofunika kwambiri kudya amadyera ambiri komanso masamba obiriwira makamaka. Mafuta a nyama amapezeka bwino kwambiri kuchokera ku zinthu zamkaka polamulira kuchuluka kwawo.

Kuchokera pamasamba azipatso, ndizovomerezeka kumwa madzi ochepa a maula.

Mokulira, zakudya zofunikira pakakhala kulephera kwa impso ndi matenda a shuga, kuphatikiza pazoletsa zakudya zina, ziyeneranso kukhala zosiyana pakatikati. Palibe chifukwa muyenera kudya mopitirira muyeso - izi zimakhudza mayendedwe onse amthupi ndi momwe impso zimayendera.

Amatha kusinthidwa, kusakanikirana, kusinthidwa, osayiwala za mndandanda wazinthu zoletsedwa komanso zosayenera. Kutsatira zakudya zoterezi kumathandizira kuthana ndi kuwonongeka kwa impso ndikuwongolera zomwe zimachitika mthupi komanso thanzi la wodwalayo.

Njira yoyamba yazosankha ikuphatikiza chakudya cham'mawa chomwe chimakhala ndi nyemba zam'mawa, mkate wophika mkate ndi tomato awiri. Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga kulibe kwambiri, khofi wotsekemera ndi zovomerezeka.

Chakudya chamasana chizikhala ndi msuzi wowonda ndi magawo awiri kapena atatu a mkate ophika kuchokera ku wholemeal. Pazakudya zamadzulo, muyenera kudya zakudya za lalanje kapena mandimu ndi zotsekemera kapena zakudya zamafuta. Chakudya chamadzulo - nkhuku yophika ndi mafuta ochepa, saladi zamasamba ndi yogurt yopangidwa tokha, tiyi wosaphatikizidwa ndi ndimu ndi zotheka.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa tebulo la zakudya za yade chifukwa cha matenda ashuga.

Chakudya cham'mawa - tchizi chamafuta ochepa wopanda mafuta ndi soseji, saladi wowawasa zipatso. Chakudya chamasana - msuzi wa nsomba pogwiritsa ntchito nsomba zamafuta ochepa, mbatata yophika, tiyi.

Chakudya chamadzulo - maapulo obiriwira opanda masamba. Chakudya chamadzulo - saladi watsopano nkhaka ndi letesi, msuzi wa rosehip.

Njira yachitatu ndikusankha kwa mbale. Chakudya cham'mawa - phala la buckwheat ndi mkaka wa skim. Chakudya chamasana - msuzi wa kabichi yamasamba, supu ya nkhuku yodzu, masamba saladi popanda mafuta. Masana - shuga wopanda protein. Chakudya chamadzulo - saladi yam'madzi ndi tiyi wopanda mafuta.

Inde, zakudya za matenda a impso a nephropathy zimakhala ndi mndandanda wazakudya ndi mbale zambiri.

Kusankhidwa kwa mbale kumatha kuchitidwa nokha, kupewa mbale zoletsedwa ndikutsatira lamulo losavuta lophatikizira zinthu.

Zakudya zamafuta kapena nsomba siziyenera kudyedwa kamodzi ndikupanga mkaka, ngakhale mafuta ochepa.

Kupatula kokhako komwe kungaloledwe ndikuwonjezeredwa kwa yogati yachilengedwe yopanda mafuta kapena kefir yotsika mafuta ku saladi yamasamba.

Zosowa Zazakudya Zosiyanasiyana:

Kutsatira zakudya kumathandiza kuthana ndi matendawa ndikuchepetsa shuga la magazi, komanso kukonza bwino thanzi la wodwalayo ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya mankhwala omwe akupatsidwa.

• Amachotsa zoyambitsa zovuta
• Imachepetsa kupanikizika mkati mwa mphindi 10 pambuyo pa kutsata

Kukula kwa matenda a impso a shuga, kapena matenda ashuga nephropathy, kumayendera limodzi ndi kuletsa kwabwino matenda a impso. Magawo a matenda ashuga nephropathy: gawo la microalbuminuria, siteji ya proteinuria yokhala ndi nitrogen yotetezeka ntchito ya impso, gawo la matenda aimpso. Pazigawo zosiyanasiyana za matenda a impso osalephera, akatswiri azakudya atulutsa mitundu itatu ya zakudya zama protein ochepa: 7P, 7b ndi 7a, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zovuta za matenda a matenda ashuga a nephropathy.

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pachimake nephritis kuchokera sabata lachitatu mpaka lachinayi la mankhwala ndi nephritis yayikulu.

Amachotsa zopangira za nayitrogeni m'thupi, zimachepetsa kutupa, zimachepetsa kupanikizika.

Zakudya zamafuta ndi mafuta ndizochepa. Mchere sugwiritsidwa ntchito pophika. Ngati dokotala alola, ndiye kuti mbale zowonjezerazo zimawonjezedwa panthawi yakutumika. Kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi patsiku (kuphatikiza supu ndi maphunziro atatu) sikupitilira 1 lita. Zoletsedwa zamafuta ofunikira (anyezi, adyo, horseradish), oxalic acid, mitundu ina ya bowa, nsomba ndi nyama.

Kuphika ndi mankhwala omwe amakhala olimbitsa thupi (kuwaza simunaphatikizidwe) komanso popanda kuwononga makina (osapukuta mbale). Wiritsani nsomba ndi nyama mu 100-150 g patsiku. Chakudya chimadyedwa chotentha.

Zampunga zopanda mchere ndi yisiti, zikondamoyo, mkate wopanda mchere,

Zophika zamasamba ndi mbatata, chimanga ndi masamba, soups zipatso,

Lilime lophika, nyama yamchere yochepa, ng'ombe, nyama yodula ndi nkhumba, nkhuku, nkhuku, kalulu ndi mwanawankhosa,

Nsomba yophika mafuta ochepa, kenako yophika kuphika kapena yokazinga, michere, yamafuta, yodulidwa ndi nsomba,

Mkaka, kirimu wowawasa, tchizi tchizi padera ndi kusakaniza mpunga, maapulo, kaloti, zakumwa mkaka wowawasa, kirimu,

Kufikira mazira awiri athunthu tsiku lililonse (mazira osenda kapena mazira owiritsa) ndi tchizi chochepa, nsomba kapena nyama. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito yolks owonjezera m'mbale,

Pasitala iliyonse pakukonzekera kulikonse, balere wa ngale, mphesa za chimanga, mpunga, sago,

Masamba ndi mbatata pokonzekera chilichonse,

Mitundu yambiri ya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, vinaigrette popanda ma pickles,

Ayisikilimu, maswiti, zoteteza, uchi, jellies, zakudya, yophika ndi zipatso zosaphika ndi zipatso.

Zinthu zopaka ndi mchere, mkate wamba,

Bowa, nsomba, msuzi wa nyama, msuzi wa nyemba,

Nyama yaamphaka, nyama zosuta, masoseji, masoseji, mbale zosaphika ndi mafuta osaphika, mitundu yamafuta,

Nsomba zamatenda, caviar, osuta, mchere, nsomba yamafuta,

Bowa, wokazinga, mchere ndi masamba osankhika, radish, sipinachi, sorelo, radish, adyo, anyezi,

Amalandira kwa glomerulonephritis woopsa kwambiri aimpso pambuyo masiku osala kudya komanso kukula koopsa ndi impso kuyambira masiku oyamba matenda, glomerulonephritis yolephera.

Cholinga chake: kuteteza kwambiri impso, kusintha kwa zinthu zina za m'thupi zomwe zimapanga thupi, kuchepetsa matenda oopsa komanso edema.

Ndi chakudya chokhazikitsidwa chomera chomwe chili ndi malire a protein komanso mchere. Kuchuluka kwa mafuta ndi chakudya chamafuta kumachepetsedwa pang'ono. Pewani zakudya zomwe zili ndi zinthu zina zowonjezera, mafuta ofunikira, oxalic acid. Kuphika popanda kuwononga makina: kuwira, kuphika, kuphika mosavuta. Chakudya chimaphikidwa popanda mchere, wopanda mchere wopanda mchere. Chakudya chimatengedwa nthawi 5-6 patsiku.

Mapuloteni - 20 g patsiku (50-60% nyama, komanso kulephera kwa impso - 70%), mafuta - 80 g (masamba 15%), chakudya - 350 g (80 g shuga), mchere wosasankhidwa, madzi osamasuka ndi ofanana ndi tsiku ndi tsiku kuchuluka kwa mkodzo kuphatikiza 500 ml. Zopatsa mphamvu zopatsa mphamvu ndi 2100-2200 kcal.

Mikate ndi ufa. Mapulogalamu opanda mchere opanda mchere pa wowuma chimanga - 100 g patsiku, palibe 50 g ya mkate wopanda mchere kapena zinthu zina zilizonse zopangidwa ndi yisiti wopanda mchere,

Msuzi ndi sago, masamba, mbatata, zipatso. Zokazinga ndi anyezi wowiritsa wowuma, kirimu wowawasa, zitsamba,

Kufikira 50-60 g ya nyama yochepa yamafuta, nyama yamwana wang'ombe, nyama ndi nkhumba yosenda, kalulu, nkhuku, nkhuku, nsomba. Mukawiritsa, mutha kuphika kapena kuwaza chidutswa kapena kuwaza,

60 g (kapena zochulukirapo chifukwa cha nyama ndi nsomba) mkaka, kirimu, kirimu wowawasa. Tchizi tchizi - kupatula nyama ndi nsomba,

Mazira amawonjezeredwa ndi mbale poyerekeza ndi mazira 1 / 4-1 / 2 patsiku pa munthu aliyense kapena katatu pa sabata kwa dzira (mazira owiritsa, osokonekera),

Kuchokera ku chimanga: sago, zochepa - mpunga, pasiti wa protein. Konzani m'madzi ndi mkaka mu mawonekedwe a chimanga, ma puddings, casseroles, pilaf, cutlets,

Mbatata (200-250 g) ndi masamba atsopano (400-450 g) mu mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana mbale. Anyezi wowiritsa ndi wokazinga amawonjezeredwa ku mbale, katsabola ndi parsley amaloledwa,

Masaladi okhala ndi masamba ndi vinaigrette ndi masamba am'madzi opanda masamba ndi mchere.

Zipatso, zakudya zokoma ndi maswiti, zipatso zosiyanasiyana ndi zipatso (zosaphika, zouma, zophika), zakudya, zipatso ndi zipatso,

Shuga, wokondedwa, kupanikizana, osati chokoleti,

Kupititsa patsogolo kukoma kwa zakudya zopanda mchere wopanda zakudya, msuzi wokoma ndi wowawasa, phwetekere, kirimu wowawasa, msuzi wamasamba ndi zipatso, vanillin, sinamoni, citric acid amagwiritsidwa ntchito,

Tiyi yofooka ndi mandimu, zipatso ndi mabulosi, msuzi wa rosehip,

Mwa mafuta, kirimu wosasenda, ng'ombe yosungunuka, mafuta a masamba.

Mkate wopanda pake, zopangidwa ndi ufa ndi mchere,

Nyama, nsomba ndi msuzi wa bowa, mkaka, chimanga (kupatula sago) ndi nyemba,

Mitundu yonse ya nyama ndi nsomba (zakudya zam'chitini, nyama zosuta, zipatso),

Mbewu zina kupatula sago ndi mpunga ndi pasitala (kupatula mapuloteni opanda),

Mchere, mchere ndi masamba osenda, zipatso, sipinachi, sorelo, kolifulawa, bowa, radish, adyo,

Chocolate, mkaka odzola, ayisikilimu,

Nyama, nsomba ndi msuzi wa bowa, tsabola, mpiru, chipatso cha mahatchi,

Cocoa, khofi wachilengedwe, mchere wamafuta ambiri,

Mafuta otsala (mutton, ng'ombe, nkhumba, ndi zina).

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati pachimake glomerulonephritis ndi zizindikiro za kulephera kwaimpso pambuyo pa chakudya.

Cholinga: kuteteza kwambiri ntchito ya impso, kusintha kwa zotulutsa zamafuta a mthupi kuchokera mthupi, kuchepa kwa matenda oopsa komanso edema.

Pazakudya izi, kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni kumachepetsedwa, mchere umakhala wochepa. Mafuta ndi chakudya chamafuta chimakhalabe chopanda malire. Mtengo wamagetsi uyenera kukhalabe mkati momwe muliri, ndiye kuti, pakuchepa kwa mapuloteni, umapeza mafuta ndi maswiti.

Culinary processing, mndandanda wazakudya zovomerezeka ndi zoletsedwa ndizofanana ndi zakudya No. 7a. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni kumawirikiza kawiri chifukwa chowonjezeka mpaka 125 g nyama ndi nsomba, dzira 1, mpaka mkaka wa 125 g ndi zonona wowawasa. Nyama ndi nsomba zimatha kusinthidwa ndi tchizi chanyumba, poganizira zomwe zili mumapuloteni. Pazakudya No. 7b, kuchuluka kwa mkate wopanda mchere wopanda mapuloteni pa wowuma chimanga, sago (kapena mpunga), komanso mbatata ndi ndiwo zamasamba (300 g ndi 650 g, motsatana), shuga ndi masamba a masamba adakulitsidwanso mpaka 150 g. Chakudya chimatengedwa nthawi 5-6 patsiku.

Mapuloteni 40-50 g (50-60% nyama, komanso kulephera kwa impso 70%), mafuta 85-90 g (20-25% masamba), chakudya 400-50 g (100 g shuga), mchere wopanda, wopanda madzi pafupifupi malita 1-1.2 motsogozedwa ndi diuresis. Mphamvu yamagetsi ya 2500-2600 kcal.

Makhalidwe ambiri: hyponatrium zakudya, zokwanira kuphatikizika kwa mankhwala komanso zokwanira mu mphamvu, ndi puloteni yoyambira kwambiri (75%), yochotsa zigawo za purine.

Kukonzanso kwachakudya: mbale zonse zimakonzedwa popanda mchere, nyama ndi nsomba - mu mawonekedwe owiritsa kapena kuphika pambuyo pake.

Mtengo wamagetsi: 00 kcal (142 kJ).

Zosakaniza: protein 70 g, mafuta, chakudya.

Matenda a shuga ndi nephropathy ndi lingaliro lovuta. Zimaphatikizanso gulu la matenda a impso omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kosalekeza m'magazi a magazi. Chimodzi mwa mawonekedwe a matenda a shuga a nephropathy ndi kulephera kwaimpso.

Ndi diabetesic nephropathy, chakudyacho chimapangidwa kuti chikhale ndi matenda a wodwalayo komanso kupewa mavuto. Mukayerekezera zakudya ndi shuga ndi zakudya ndi nephropathy ya impso, mfundo zofunika ndizofanana:

• Kusintha koyenera. Ndi matenda ashuga, oyambira koyambirira komanso osakhwima, muyenera kusiya zinthu zomwe mumazidziwa bwino kwambiri. Izi ndi nyama zakumwa, marinade, mowa, zonunkhira, mchere, zotsekemera, ufa. Kulephera uku kumabweretsa kuperewera kwa michere, ndiye muyenera kuwapanga kudzera muzakudya zoyenera. Matenda a shuga akamadwala, njira zambiri zowonongeka zimachitika mthupi. Chimodzi mwa izo ndi matenda operewera. Izi zimatsogolera pakupanga zinthu zazing'ono komanso zazikulu kuchokera mthupi. Zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndizophatikizira monga makangaza, beets, mphesa, kabichi muzakudya zimathandizira kupanga.
• Magawo ang'onoang'ono. Ndi matenda a shuga, ndikofunikira kupewa kudya kwambiri. Poterepa, katundu pazinthu zodyera ziwonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo izi zimakwiyira ndi kulumpha lakuthwa mu shuga. Kuphatikiza apo, mu mawonekedwe osakhazikika a matenda ashuga, kupanga ma enzyme omwe amatulutsidwa ndi dongosolo la m'mimba kumachepa. Izi zimayambitsa kusokonezeka, kutsekula m'mimba, kutulutsa magazi, kusanza, kuyamwa.Mukachepetsa kukula kwa galu (pafupifupi kukula kwa nkhonya), m'mimba ndi matumbo sizikhala ndi nkhawa.
• Shuga wochepera. Ndemanga ndizosafunikira - shuga wocheperako amatha kupangitsa kuti wodwalayo asokonezeke kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kuwonjezera pakukonzekera chakudya, ndikofunikanso kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga, osadya maola awiri musanadye.
• Kukana mchere. Onse shuga ndi mchere amakola madzi mthupi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ambiri odwala matenda ashuga amadwala edema. Mchere wambiri wololedwa tsiku lililonse ndi 3 g.
• Kudya zakudya zokhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic (GI) ndizomwe zimawonetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu omwe amapezeka m'thupi zomwe zimapangidwa ndi thupi ndikuwonjezera shuga.

Nephropathy imadziwika mwapadera magawo a matenda a shuga a mtundu (mtundu 1 ndi mtundu 2). Iwo, monga dzinalo limatanthauzira, limakhudza impso. Koma zizindikiro zake zoyambirira zimawonekera osachepera zaka 10 pambuyo pomwe matenda a shuga atapezeka.

Matenda a shuga a nephropathy ndi ophatikizika kwambiri, chifukwa amatsogolera pang'onopang'ono, koma kuwonongeka komanso kusasintha kwa impso, mpaka kulephera kwa aimpso ndi uremia (kudzikundikira kwa zinthu za nayitrogeni m'magazi). Izi zimafuna kupitiliza dialysis kapena kupatsirana kwa impso.

Matenda a shuga a nephropathy amadziwika ndi:

• pang'onopang'ono komanso kuwonongeka pang'onopang'ono kwa impso,
• albinuria, yomwe ili pamlingo woposa 300 mg kwa maola 24,
• pang'onopang'ono komanso kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono kuchuluka kwa kusefera kwamadzi,
• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• kuthekera kwakukulu kokulira kwa matenda a mtima.

Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane njira zomwe matenda a shuga amayamba.

• Mwazi wamagazi ambiri umazindikira kuchuluka kwa shuga mumkodzo, womwe umasefedwa kuchokera ku impso. Popeza thupi silingakwanitse kuchepa kwambiri kwa shuga kudzera mumkodzo, motero, liyenera kukulitsa kugwiranso ntchito kwa njira za impso, zomwe zimachitika ndikusintha kwa munthawi yomweyo.
• Kubwezeretsanso sodium ions kumamanga madzi ndipo, motero, kumayambitsa kuwonjezeka kwa magazi ozungulira (volemia).
• Kuwonjezeka kwa willemia, kumapangitsa, kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso kukulitsa kwa arterioles komwe kumadyetsa glomeruli impso. Dokotala wofufuza zamankhwala - a Densa Macula - omwe ali mgulu la impso, amatanthauzira izi ngati kuchepa kwa magazi ndipo amakwaniritsidwa ndikamasula enzyme, yomwe imayambitsa makina omwe amachititsa kuti anzawo azingowonjezereka.
• Hypertension, yomwe imabwera chifukwa chazovuta zonsezi, imayambitsa kukakamiza kwa glomeruli, komwe kumabweretsa chiwonjezero cha kusefera kwa glomerular.
• Kuwonjezeka kwa kusefera kumabweretsa kuvala kwambiri kwa ma nephrons (mafayilo oyambira impso).

Njira yomwe tafotokozayi imayambitsa matenda a nephrotic syndrome ndi albuminuria, koma sikuti ndi okhawo omwe amayambitsa kuyambitsa matenda a shuga.

Hyperglycemia imayambitsa njira zina zomwe zafotokozedwa kale munkhaniyi ya matenda ashuga a mtima, omwe amasintha kusintha kwa mapuloteni omwe amapanga glomeruli. Njira izi zikuphatikiza: glycation, kupanga kwa sorbitol ndi kutsegula kwa proteinaseaseasease.

Zotsatira zachangu za njira izi zidzakhala kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka minofu ya glomerular. Kusintha kumeneku kumakulitsa kupenyerera kwa khoma la capillary ndi glomerular sclerosis.

Kuchulukana kwa matenda amisamba kumasungidwa pamilandu ya milandu kwa anthu mamiliyoni ambiri obadwa. Kuwerengera kwa amuna ndi akazi mokomera zakale ndi 2 mpaka 1. Mtundu 1 wa matenda osokoneza bongo kapena matenda a shuga amatengera 30% ya anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Type 2 shuga mellitus - 20%.Mitundu ingapo, monga amwenye aku America ndi anthu aku Africa, atha kukhala, makamaka chifukwa cha majini.

Chithunzi cha chipatala cha matenda ashuga nephropathy chimayamba pang'onopang'ono, woposa zaka makumi awiri.

Magawo asanu a matendawa amasiyanitsidwa, chilichonse chimadziwika ndi zomwe chimadziwika.

M'malo mwake, ngati mupita kutsatanetsatane, mutha kupeza polyuria (mawonekedwe a mkodzo wambiri), kupezeka kwa shuga mu mkodzo komanso kuwonjezeka kwa kusefera kwa glomerular. Kutalika kwa gawo ili la matendawa kumatengera kuti mutha kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi: kulamulidwa kwabwinoko, nthawi yayitali kwambiri.

Gawo ili la matendawo limakhalanso asymptomatic. Chizindikiro chokhacho chomwe nephropathy imawonekera nthawi ndi nthawi ndi kupezeka kwa microalbuminuria atangochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Nthawi zambiri zimayamba zaka zingapo pambuyo poyambira matenda a shuga ndikutha chaka.

Zopatsa thanzi kwa odwala matenda ashuga a shuga

Tonse tikudziwa kuti kudya tsiku ndi tsiku kumathandiza kwambiri m'miyoyo yathu, makamaka m'miyoyo ya odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a impso.Pakali pano, anthu ambiri mdziko lapansi ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Tonse tikudziwa kuti kuwonjezera pa chithandizo chokwanira, kudya zakudya zoyenera ndikofunikanso kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Monga momwe tikudziwira, odwala matenda a shuga a nephropathy amafunikira zakudya zofunika.

Nanga amadya chiyani kuti akhale ndi thanzi? Kenako tikupatsani yankho mwatsatanetsatane, ndipo tikukhulupirira kuti mutha kupindula ndi zolemba zotsatirazi. Chonde khalani ndi chidwi ndi mfundo zotsatirazi, chonde:

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi za matenda ashuga nephropathy ali ndi mfundo zinayi, motere.

1. Zakudya zapamwamba kwambiri za hypoprotein

Mapuloteni ochulukirapo amatha kuwonjezera kulemera kwa impso, motero odwala ayenera kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni omwe amadya. M'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, yesani kudya mapuloteni a masamba ndikuchepetsa zakudya zanu zosakhazikika. Ndipo mutha kudya mkaka, nsomba ndi nyama yokonda, chifukwa zinthuzi zimakhala ndi mapuloteni amanyama.

2. Kudya mafuta ochepa

Kuphatikiza kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwa matenda ashuga nephropathy kuyenera kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwabwino. Ngati kuchuluka kwa kutentha sikokwanira, creatinine ndi urea zitha kuchuluka. Ndipo kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwambiri, kumavulaza magazi. Odwala ayenera kudya Zakudyazi ndi Zakudyazi.

3. Zakudya za Malophosphorous

Dokotala nthawi zambiri amaletsa odwala kudya zamkati mwa nyamayo, monga ubongo, chiwindi, impso, komanso zochepa kudya zipatso zouma, monga mbewu za dzungu, ndi zina zambiri.

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Mavuto aliwonse a impso? Lumikizanani ndi Dokotala Wathu Wapaintaneti. Kukhutira wodwala kumafika pa 93%.

Zoyambirira: Kodi Ndingakhale Ndi Ma Yond for Patiants a Nephropathy a Diabetes?

Chotsatira: Zakudya za Matenda a shuga a Nabetes

Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena mukufuna kudziwa zambiri, chonde siyani cholembedwapo.

Matenda a shuga - nephropathy - zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa pakuwonongeka kwa impso

Matenda a shuga amayambitsa masinthidwe angapo oyipa m'thupi, amakhudza pafupifupi ziwalo zonse ndikupangitsa ziwalo zawo. Chifukwa chake, matenda amodzi wamba omwe amayamba mwa odwala omwe amadalira insulin komanso odwala omwe samadalira insulini ndi matenda a shuga.

Zakudya za matenda a impso a shuga

Matenda a shuga amayambitsa zovuta zowopsa. Mu matenda a shuga, magulu osiyanasiyana a ziwalo zamunthu amakhudzidwa, kuphatikizapo magwiridwe antchito a impso.

Izi, zimabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa zaumoyo, ndipo ngati sizinachitike, ngakhale mpaka pakufa kwa wodwalayo.

Zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga komanso impso, kuphatikiza mankhwala oyenera, zitha kuthandiza kuthetsa vutoli.

Koma pachifukwa chiti shuga yayikulu imasokoneza ntchito ya impso? Zinthu zingapo zoyipa zimakhudza impso mu shuga.

Choyamba, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakhala ndi vuto.

Zimaphatikizidwa ndi mapuloteni a minofu - glycation imachitika, yomwe imayendetsa magwiridwe antchito a impso. Mapuloteni a glycated amachititsa kuti thupi lipange ma antibodies enaake, zomwe zimakhudzanso impso.

Kuphatikiza apo, m'magazi a anthu odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri mumakhala zinthu zambiri zamapulateleti, zomwe zimatseka ziwiya zochepa. Ndipo pamapeto pake, kuyamwa bwino kwa madzi m'maselo ndikusakwanira kwake kuchotsa mthupi kumakulitsa kuchuluka kwa magazi omwe amayenera kutsukidwa podutsa nokha, impso.

Zonsezi zimabweretsa chakuti glomerular hyperfiltration imachitika - mathamangitsidwe a impso glomeruli. Ndipo kulemera kwenikweni kumapangitsa kuti thupi lizigwira bwino ntchito ndikuyambitsa mawonekedwe a zotupa za matenda osokoneza bongo - matenda ashuga nephropathy.

Chiwerengero cha glomeruli omwe akhudzidwa chikufika pachimake, zizindikiro zimawoneka zomwe zikuwonetsa kukula kwa impso:

• mutu
• kusanza ndi kusanza
• matenda ammimba
• kupuma movutikira
• kulawa kwazitsulo ndi kupuma kwabwi,
• Khungu
• kukokana ndi cramping.

Ndi chitukuko cha matenda, zovuta zowopsa ndizotheka - kukomoka komanso ngakhale kukomoka. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti muyambe kulandira chithandizo mwachangu, pomwe impso zimapezekabe ndi kuyeretsa magazi.

Chithandizo cha nephropathy chimayamba ndi shuga. Kupatula apo, ndizofunikira kwambiri za shuga zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa impso mu shuga.

Njira yotsatira yolimbana bwino ndi matendawa ndi kuchepa kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Ndikofunikira kuti kupanikizika kutha kukhala kosavuta pamlingo wa 130/80, ndipo kungakhale kwabwinoko ngakhale pang'ono.

Pomaliza, zakudya zimathandiza kwambiri kulephera kwa impso, matenda ashuga. Inde, kutsatira malamulo ena okhudzana ndi zakudya kumatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikuchepetsa nkhawa pa impso, motero kupewa kugonjetsedwa kwa ma capillaries atsopano.

Mfundo yayikulu yomwe zakudya zimayenera kutsata matenda a diabetes ndi nephropathy ndikuletsa kuchuluka kwa shuga komanso kuchepa kwa mitsempha. Malangizo azakudya amasiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana pamagawo osiyanasiyana.

Chifukwa chake, gawo loyambirira, losavuta, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse zomwe sizokhala ndi shuga zokha, komanso mapuloteni muzakudya. Njira izi ndizofunikira kuyendetsa ntchito ya impso.

Chakudya chokhala ndi mapuloteni otsika kwambiri chimachepetsa nkhawa pa impso ndikuthandizira kupirira matendawa. Kuphatikiza apo, kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikofunikira mu matendawo. Pankhaniyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma pickles momwe tingathere.

Ngati pagawo loyamba la matenda kuyendetsa shuga kumakhalapo koyamba, ndiye kuti chitukuko cha matenda ashuga chachikulu kwambiri ndikukhazikika kwa puloteni ya nyama. Kupatula apo, pali mankhwala apadera kuti muchepetse shuga, pomwe mphamvu ya mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kulemetsa kwa impso ndi yotsika kwambiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonjezera pakuchepetsa kudya kwa mchere, mapuloteni ndi shuga, ndikofunikira kuti kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi phosphates kuchepetsedwa kwambiri pakukula kwa matendawa. Phosphorous imathanso kukhudza impso ndi kukokomeza mphamvu.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a nyama kumasonyezedwanso. Kupatula apo, ndiye gwero la cholesterol lomwe limapanga ziwiya zotsitsa za zolembazo. Kuphatikiza apo, kupendekera kotereku kumakhala kotengera osati ziwiya zamatumbo zokha - cholesterol yowonjezera imakhudzanso kwambiri ma capillaries mu impso, chifukwa chowonjezeranso chiopsezo chotseka.

Matenda a shuga amawopa mankhwalawa, ngati moto!

Ndikofunikira kutsatira.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazakudya, yomwe, ngati zakudya zimatsatiridwa chifukwa cha kulephera kwa aimpso m'matendawa, sikuti ndizovomerezeka - ndizoletsedwa.

Choyambirira, simungadye shuga ndi zinthu zomwe muli nazo, kapena kuchuluka kwa mafinya, kuphatikiza uchi, manyuchi zipatso, zina zotere siziyenera kusiyidwa kwathunthu.

Kuphatikiza apo, simungagwiritse ntchito zophika zilizonse zopangidwa ndi ufa woyera. Pali chakudya chambiri chamafuta m'zakudya izi. Chepetsa kumwa zipatso kwambiri ndi fructose - nthochi, masiku, mphesa, mavwende. Simuyeneranso kudya zotsekemera za mapeyala, maapulo, chivwende.

Osamadya zakudya zokazinga, nyama yamafuta. Nkhumba yoletsedwa, mwanawankhosa, nsomba yamafuta. Sitikulimbikitsidwanso kudya zakudya zamkaka zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri - tchizi chamafuta, kirimu wowawasa, etc.

Kuphatikiza apo, simungathe kudya ma pickles ndikudya nyama - amakhalanso ndi mchere wambiri, womwe umawonjezera kukakamizidwa.

Batala kunja ndi mafuta a margarine, okhala ndi mafuta ambiri anyama. Kugwiritsa ntchito mayonesi ndizosafunanso.

Ndi zoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito zakumwa zozizilitsa khofi, makamaka zotsekemera, komanso misuzi yazipatso, ngakhale zatsopano zopaka zokha - kudya kwawo kungapangitse kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Poletsedwa, mwachidziwitso, zakumwa zilizonse za zakumwa zoledzeretsa, komanso zokometsera zokometsera ndi zonunkhira. Tiyi iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala, ndipo khofi iyenera kutayidwa kwathunthu.

Gawo lalikulu la zakudya liyenera kukhala masamba. Ayenera kudyedwa yaiwisi, yonyowa, yodyetsedwa, yophika - osakongoletsedwa.

Palibe choletsa masamba, kupatula mbatata. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito mwanjira yophika, osapitilira 200 magalamu patsiku.

Buckwheat iyenera kuzindikiridwa monga phala lothandiza kwambiri, lomwe liyenera kuyambitsidwa mu chakudya cha matenda a shuga a nephropathy. Palibe mafuta osavuta ophatikizidwa mu diabetes. Mbewu zina, makamaka semolina, ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala.

Ndikofunika kwambiri kudya amadyera ambiri komanso masamba obiriwira makamaka. Mafuta a nyama amapezeka bwino kwambiri kuchokera ku zinthu zamkaka polamulira kuchuluka kwawo.

Kuchokera pamasamba azipatso, ndizovomerezeka kumwa madzi ochepa a maula.

Mokulira, zakudya zofunikira pakakhala kulephera kwa impso ndi matenda a shuga, kuphatikiza pazoletsa zakudya zina, ziyeneranso kukhala zosiyana pakatikati. Palibe chifukwa muyenera kudya mopitirira muyeso - izi zimakhudza mayendedwe onse amthupi ndi momwe impso zimayendera.

Amatha kusinthidwa, kusakanikirana, kusinthidwa, osayiwala za mndandanda wazinthu zoletsedwa komanso zosayenera. Kutsatira zakudya zoterezi kumathandizira kuthana ndi kuwonongeka kwa impso ndikuwongolera zomwe zimachitika mthupi komanso thanzi la wodwalayo.

Njira yoyamba yazosankha ikuphatikiza chakudya cham'mawa chomwe chimakhala ndi nyemba zam'mawa, mkate wophika mkate ndi tomato awiri. Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga kulibe kwambiri, khofi wotsekemera ndi zovomerezeka.

Chakudya chamasana chizikhala ndi msuzi wowonda ndi magawo awiri kapena atatu a mkate ophika kuchokera ku wholemeal. Pazakudya zamadzulo, muyenera kudya zakudya za lalanje kapena mandimu ndi zotsekemera kapena zakudya zamafuta. Chakudya chamadzulo - nkhuku yophika ndi mafuta ochepa, saladi zamasamba ndi yogurt yopangidwa tokha, tiyi wosaphatikizidwa ndi ndimu ndi zotheka.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa tebulo la zakudya za yade chifukwa cha matenda ashuga.

Chakudya cham'mawa - tchizi chamafuta ochepa wopanda mafuta ndi soseji, saladi wowawasa zipatso. Chakudya chamasana - msuzi wa nsomba pogwiritsa ntchito nsomba zamafuta ochepa, mbatata yophika, tiyi.

Chakudya chamadzulo - maapulo obiriwira opanda masamba. Chakudya chamadzulo - saladi watsopano nkhaka ndi letesi, msuzi wa rosehip.

Njira yachitatu ndikusankha kwa mbale. Chakudya cham'mawa - phala la buckwheat ndi mkaka wa skim. Chakudya chamasana - msuzi wa kabichi yamasamba, supu ya nkhuku yodzu, masamba saladi popanda mafuta.Masana - shuga wopanda protein. Chakudya chamadzulo - saladi yam'madzi ndi tiyi wopanda mafuta.

Inde, zakudya za matenda a impso a nephropathy zimakhala ndi mndandanda wazakudya ndi mbale zambiri.

Kusankhidwa kwa mbale kumatha kuchitidwa nokha, kupewa mbale zoletsedwa ndikutsatira lamulo losavuta lophatikizira zinthu.

Zakudya zamafuta kapena nsomba siziyenera kudyedwa kamodzi ndikupanga mkaka, ngakhale mafuta ochepa.

Kupatula kokhako komwe kungaloledwe ndikuwonjezeredwa kwa yogati yachilengedwe yopanda mafuta kapena kefir yotsika mafuta ku saladi yamasamba.

Kutsatira zakudya kumathandiza kuthana ndi matendawa ndikuchepetsa shuga la magazi, komanso kukonza bwino thanzi la wodwalayo ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya mankhwala omwe akupatsidwa.

• Amachotsa zoyambitsa zovuta
• Imachepetsa kupanikizika mkati mwa mphindi 10 pambuyo pa kutsata

Nsomba, nyama ndi msuzi wa bowa. Mowa ndi zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi. Mafuta owonjezera. Zakudya zokhala ndi mchere wambiri: tchipisi, mtedza wokhathamira, zakudya zamzitini, tchizi, soseji, soseji, ketchups, marinade, soups pompopompo, cubes msuzi, batala wamchere, margarine.

Zakudya zokhala ndi potaziyamu yambiri: khofi, mkaka wa ufa, curry, sore, nthochi, nsomba zam'madzi, nsomba zam'madzi, nyama, mbewu, nthangala zamasamba, chokoleti, mkaka wosakaniza, zipatso zouma, maapulo owuma, mtedza, marzipan, vinyo, mowa, rhubarb, avocado , zipatso zamadzimadzi, msuzi wa phwetekere, batala la peanut, ketchup, msuzi wa phwetekere, sipinachi, beets, artichoke, molasses, madzi a apulo, soya, mphodza, zinthu za soya, bowa.

Matenda a shuga - nephropathy - gulu la magawo

Vuto lama shuga limaphatikizidwa ndikuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya zam'mimba komanso lipids mu minyewa yaimpso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwamitsempha, ma arterioles, glilleruli wam'magazi komanso ma tubules a chiwalo. Pang'onopang'ono, kuwonongeka kwaimpso ntchito pakalibe chithandizo kumayambitsa ntchito yawo yonse ndikuyamba kuwopsa.

Pazochita zapadziko lonse lapansi, kugawanika kwa gawo ili m'magawo asanu, komwe kunapangidwa ndi Mogensen, kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane magawo omwe matenda ashuga nephropathy amawagawanitsa, mikhalidwe yawo yayikulu:

1. Gawo loyamba ndi kugwirizanitsa thupi. Amapezeka mu nthawi ya matenda a shuga mellitus ndipo amadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa mitsempha ya magazi a impso ndi kutseguka kwa magazi mkati mwake, kuwonjezeka kwa kuchulukitsa ndi kusefa kwa mkodzo. Chiwalo chokha chikukulitsidwa, pomwe mapuloteni mumkodzo sanapezeka.
2. Gawo lachiwiri ndikusintha koyamba kwa chiwalo. Amayamba pafupifupi mchaka chachitatu kuyambira chiyambi cha matenda ashuga. Pa nthawi iyi ya chiphunzitso, makoma a ziwiya za impso akupitilirabe, kukhathamiritsa kwa glomeruli ndikukula kwa malo okhala ndi pakati kumawonedwa. Palibe mapuloteni omwe apezeka.
3. Gawo lachitatu ndikuyamba nephropathy. Lipoti la gawo ili liyamba kuyambira chaka chachisanu mpaka chachisanu ndi chiwiri matenda a shuga atapezeka. Chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kosalekeza kwa ziwiya zowonongeka za impso, pamakhala kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa kuchuluka kwa kusefa kwa madzi ndi kuchepa kwamisempha yochepa kwambiri kudzera mu zosefera za impso. Kutulutsidwa kwa protein yochepa mu mkodzo kumayamba.
4. Gawo lachinayi ndi nthawi ya matenda oopsa a diabetes. Amatsimikizika mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga omwe ali ndi "chidziwitso" choposa zaka 10-15. Pakadali pano, mapuloteni ambiri amatulutsidwa mumkodzo, njira zowongolera zimakhazikitsidwa m'thupi kuti mukhalebe momwe mungafunire. Pali kutsika kwa magazi m'm impso ndi kusefukira kwa msambo, kusungunuka kwa glomerular kumawonedwa.
5. Gawo lachisanu ndi uremic. Pafupifupi zotengera zonse zimakhala ndi sclerotic, zomwe sizitha kugwira ntchito yopuma.Mu gawo lomaliza la matendawa, chifukwa cha kulephera kwa aimpso, kuledzera kwa minofu ndi zotumphukira za metabolism kumachitika, proteinuria yayikulu, kukula kwa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi komanso njira zina zambiri zamawu zimawonedwa.

Diabetes Nephropathy - Zizindikiro

Matenda a diabetesic nephropathy, zomwe zimayambitsa komanso njira zomwe zimapangidwira zomwe sizimamvetseka bwino, ndizomwe zimayambira kwa nthawi yayitali.

Chifukwa chake, ndi magawo 1-3, omwe amatchedwa preclinical, popanda maphunziro apadera, ndizosatheka kudziwa kuwonongeka kwa impso. "Belu" loyamba nthawi zambiri limakhala likukwera pafupipafupi.

Zizindikiro zina za matenda ashuga nephropathy, kukulira pomwe matenda akupita patsogolo:

• kutupa
• kufooka koopsa
• kuwonda
• mutu
• ludzu
• nseru
• mpweya wa ammonia
• kupuma movutikira
• kupweteka kwa mtima
• khungu lowuma
• Khungu
• kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe, ndi zina.

Matenda a shuga - matenda a shuga

Chifukwa chakuti mayeso wamba a labotale sangathe kupereka chidziwitso cha magawo a preclinical of pathology, matenda a shuga a nephropathy ayenera kupezeka mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo ogwiritsa ntchito njira zapadera (ayenera kuchitidwa mwa odwala kamodzi pachaka). Chifukwa chake, ndikotheka kuzindikira vuto ndi mayeso awiri awa a labotale:

• kuchuluka kwa kutsimikiza kwa albumin (mapuloteni) mumkodzo,
• kutsimikiza (kuwerengetsa) a glomerular kusefera mlingo poganizira ndende ya creatinine.

Kuphatikiza apo, matenda a impso a nephropathy amapezeka mothandizidwa ndi maphunziro awa:

• kusanthula kwa magazi ndi mkodzo,
• kuyesa kwamwazi wamagazi,
• Doppler ultrasound impso,
• organopsy.

Matenda a shuga - nephropathy

Chofunika kwambiri chothandizira pakanthawi kovutikira ndi chokwanira pazomwe zimayambitsa - kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi. Chofunikira china ndicho mtundu wa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kagayidwe ka lipid. Chifukwa cha kuwongolera kwa zizindikirozi, kupewa matenda a diabetes ndi nephropathy ndikuyimitsidwa kwa kusintha kwake kumachitika.

Ngati kupezeka kwa nephropathy munthawi ya matenda a shuga kumachitika bwino, ndipo zimadalira wodwalayo. Kutsatira zotsatirazi kungakulitse mwayi wazotsatira zabwino:

• kuchuluka kwa zolimbitsa thupi,
• kusiya mowa ndi kusuta,
• kuchepa kwa nkhawa,
• chakudya.

Hemodialysis kwa matenda ashuga nephropathy

Edema ikakhala yofala komanso yosalamulirika panthawi ya matenda ashuga. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kuyeretsa magazi kudzera pazida zapadera. Nthawi zambiri matenda osokoneza bongo a nephropathy amafunikira opaleshoni ya kumuika impso.

Zakudya za matenda a shuga a nephropathy

Zakudya zoyenera ndizimodzi mwazomwe zimayambira chithandizo chathanzi ili. Zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga a impso, mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zimangokhala ndi mapuloteni ochepa komanso mchere wochepa, ziyenera kukhala zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri. Chololedwa:

• masamba, zipatso,
• phala mkaka
• buledi wopanda mchere
• zopangidwa mkaka,
• mafuta a azitona
• nyama yokonda, etc.

• nyama zopsereza, mbale zamafuta,
• marinade
• tchizi
• nyemba
• bowa
• chokoleti
• caviar, etc.

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zakudya zamagulu a shuga. Zololedwa ndi Zoletsedwa

Zakudya zoyenera, zopatsa thanzi komanso zosamalitsa za anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndizofunikira kwambiri pakubwezeretsa dongosolo lanu la metabolism ya carbohydrate.

Tsoka ilo, pakadali pano palibe mankhwala othandiza omwe angamupulumutse munthu ku matenda ashuga, chifukwa chake, ndiye chakudyacho, limodzi ndi njira yoyenera yatsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo ngati pakufunika, mankhwala,zitha kuthandiza wodwalayo kukhala ndi moyo wabwino komanso osawopa thanzi.

Gawo 4 - Nephropathy

Amadziwika ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• Macroalbuminuria wokhala ndi mitengo yoposa 200 mcg pamphindi.
• Matenda oopsa.
• Kupindika kwapang'onopang'ono mu ntchito ya impso ndi kuwonjezeka kwa creatinine.
• Kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono mu kusefukira kwa impso, mtengo womwe umatsika kuchoka pa mamililita 130 pamphindi zowonjezera / mphindi.

Gawo lodetsa matenda. Ntchito ya impso imawonongeka mopanda chiyembekezo. Mitengo ya kusefa ya glomerular pansi pa 20 ml / min, mankhwala okhala ndi nayitrogeni amadziunjikira m'magazi. Pakadali pano, dialysis kapena kupatsidwa chiwalo ndikofunikira.

Matendawa amatha kukhala modabwitsa, kutengera mtundu wa matenda a shuga, omwe ndi:

• mu mtundu 1 wa matenda ashuga, magawo omwe adayamba kupezeka ndi nephropathy kuyambira 1 mpaka zaka 2, ndipo gawo la matendawa limayamba msanga kukhala hyperuricemia - kuyambira 2 mpaka 5 zaka.
• mu mtundu 2 wa matenda a shuga, matendawa amakhala osadziwika kwambiri, macroalbuminuria amawonekera osachepera zaka 20 kapena kupitilira kuchokera ku matenda ashuga.

Sayansi yamakono yamankhwala satha kutchula zifukwa zenizeni zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a matenda ashuga. Komabe, pali zifukwa zokwanira zosonyeza zinthu zingapo zomwe zikuthandizira chitukuko chake.

Izi ndi izi:

• Makamaka . Pali kudziwiratu kwamunthu komwe kumadwala. Kukonzekereratu nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha zinthu ziwiri: banja komanso mitundu. Mitundu ina (Amwenye ndi Afirika) nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi nephropathy.
• Hyperglycemia . Kuwongolera shuga ndimagazi ndikofunikira kudziwa. Kukhazikitsidwa poyesa kuti kuwongolera bwino kwamwazi wama glucose m'mitundu yonse iwiri ya shuga kumakulitsa nthawi yomwe imadutsa pakati pa kuyambika kwa matenda ashuga komanso kuyambika kwa albuminuria.
• Matenda oopsa . Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumapangitsa kuti matendawa atukuke. Izi ndi zowona kwa matenda amtundu 1 komanso matenda ashuga amtundu 2. Chifukwa chake, mwa odwala matenda ashuga, chithandizo cha matenda oopsa kwambiri.
• Proteinuria . Proteinuria imatha kukhala chifukwa cha matenda ashuga komanso chifukwa chake. Inde, proteinuria imazindikira kutupa kwamkati, komwe kumapangitsa kuti microsis (ikhale m'malo mwa minyewa yachilendo yomwe ilibe matupi ofunikira). Zotsatira zake, ntchito ya impso imazimiririka.
• Zakudya zomanga thupi kwambiri . Kudya kwakanthawi kwamapuloteni kumapangitsa kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni mumkodzo, motero, mwayi waukulu wokhala ndi matenda a shuga. Mawuwa adanenedwa kuchokera pakuyesa kuchuluka kwa anthu aku Northern Europe, omwe anthu ake amadya mapuloteni ambiri amanyama.
• Kusuta ndudu . Osuta omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amatha kukhala nephropathy kuposa osuta.
• Dyslipidemia . Ndiye kuti, lipids yamagazi ambiri motero, cholesterol ndi triglycerides. Amawoneka mu odwala omwe samadwala matenda a shuga ndipo amathandizira kukulitsa ntchito yaimpso.

Kuzindikira kwa nephropathy mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo kumayambira pa urinalysis ndi kufufuza kwa albumin. Zachidziwikire, ngati muli ndi albinuria kapena microalbuminuria, kuti muwonetsetse kuti muli ndi matenda a shuga, ndikofunikira kupatula zina zonse zomwe zingayambitse vutoli (matenda a kwamkodzo thirakiti kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa nthawi yayitali).

Kafukufuku wa milingo ya albumin imayendera limodzi ndi kuwunika kwa kusefedwa kwa glomerular ndi zomwe zili serum creatinine. Positivity ya Micro / macroalbuminuria imatsimikiziridwa pambuyo poyesa pafupifupi 2 mayeso mkati mwa miyezi itatu.

Pankhani ya odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1, kuyesedwa kwa microalbuminuria kuyenera kuchitidwa kamodzi pachaka, kuyambira pomwe matenda a shuga adapezeka.

Pankhani ya odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, kafukufuku wa microalbuminuria amayenera kuchitika panthawi yopezeka ndi matenda ashuga, kenako pachaka.

Chithandizo chabwino kwambiri cha nephropathy ndicho kupewa. Kuti muzindikire, ndikofunikira kuzindikira microalbuminuria munthawi yake ndikuchepetsa kukula kwake.

Kuti muchepetse kupezeka kwa microalbuminuria, muyenera:

• Sungani shuga m'magazi anu . Mkhalidwe womwe umapezeka ndi zakudya zoyenera, kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.
• Yang'anirani kuthamanga kwa magazi . Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kuthana ndi kulemera kwa thupi, kutsatira zakudya zochepa mu sodium komanso zambiri mu potaziyamu, ndikugwiritsa ntchito antihypertensive mankhwala.
• Tsatirani zakudya zochepa zama protein . Kudya kwa protein tsiku ndi tsiku kumayenera kukhala pakati pa 0,6 ndi 0,9 magalamu pa kilogalamu ya thupi.
• Sungani cholesterol ya LDL pansi pa 130 mg pa desilita imodzi ya magazi.

Matendawa akamakula, amayamba kudwala matenda a hemodialysis kapena impso. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba 1, omwe ma cell a pancreatic satsekera insulin, impso ndi kapamba ndizovomerezeka.

Monga taonera, mapuloteni ambiri ndi sodium ndi gawo lofunikira pachiwopsezo. Chifukwa chake, kuti muchepetse kupitirira kwa matenda, njira yotsika ya protein ndi sodium iyenera kutsatiridwa.

Zakudya zamapuloteni ziyenera kukhala pakati pa 0,6 ndi 1 g pa kilogalamu ya thupi.

Ma calories okhala pakati pa 30 ndi 35 kcal pa kilogalamu yakulemera thupi.

Kwa wodwala wolemera pafupifupi makilogalamu 70, chakudyacho chizikhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu, zomwe 15% ndizo mapuloteni.

Zizindikiro za nephropathy ya impso zimachitika chifukwa cha kulephera kwa impso. Nephropathy sikuti amagwirizana ndi matenda oyamba a impso. Malinga ndi lingaliro lazachipatala, nephropathy ndikuphwanya ntchito ya impso.

Nealropathy imatanthauzira njira zonse zomwe zimachitika mu ziwalozi.

Zoyambitsa matenda

Kuthekera kulikonse kwakanthawi kwamthupi komwe kumachitika m'mavuto a microcirculation kumatha kubweretsa kusokonezeka kwa kusefedwa ndikuchoka kwamchere ndi zinthu zina zamkodzo kagayidwe.

Kuphwanya njira za kusefera ndi kutulutsa kwa zinthu zamafuta ndi mkodzo kumachitika motsutsana ndi maziko a:

aakulu yotupa ndondomeko, kusinthika masinthidwe a minofu ya thupi, kukhudzana ndi poizoni, kusweka kwa minofu panthawi ya chotupa, kusokonezeka kwa mahomoni.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonekera kwamphamvu mu minofu ya impso ndi:

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali, kuledzera kwa thupi ndi zitsulo zolemera, kuledzera kwapakhomo, matenda a metabolic, poizoniyu, kukula kwa impso, gout, miyala ya impso, matenda a shuga.

Matendawa amatha kupezeka pazifukwa zambiri pokhudzana ndi izi, zimatenga mitundu yosiyanasiyana, monga:

poizoni, dysmetabolic, matenda ashuga, cholowa, analgesic, matenda, gouty, kagayidwe kachakudya, paraneoplastic.

Iliyonse mwa mafomuwo imabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa impso, kuwonjezeka ndi kumera kwa minofu yolumikizidwa.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda

Zizindikiro za nephropathy ya impso zimakula pang'onopang'ono. Munthu amatha kudwala matendawa kwa nthawi yayitali osadziwa za kukhalapo kwake.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira zomwe muyenera kulabadira ndi:

kutopa kwambiri, kumangokhala kufooka, kupweteka kwapafupipafupi m'dera lumbar, pakamwa kowuma, mantha, kupsinjika ndi kupsinjika, mseru, mutu, migraines.

Zizindikiro zina za nephropathy:

kuthamanga kwa magazi (nthawi zambiri kumakwera mpaka patsiku logwirira ntchito ndipo sikusokera), kutupa kwambiri (kumawoneka m'mawa pansi pa maso ndipo kumayamba kusuntha kuchokera pamwamba kupita pansi), kupezeka kwa mapuloteni mumkodzo (ichi ndiye chofunikira kwambiri pakuwonetsa matendawa), kukhalapo kwa halitosis (kukumbutsa ammonia).

Kuunika koyambirira kwa wodwalayo kukuwonetsa kutupika kwamafinya ndi kuphwanya kwamphamvu pamtima, thukuta kwambiri komanso kusokonezeka kwa magazi.

Ngati wodwala amakhala ndi kutentha kokwezeka, ululu pakukodza umadziwika. Nthawi zina amaphatikizidwa ndi kutulutsidwa kwa mafinya ndi magazi.

Zizindikiro izi zikusonyeza kuti pyelonephritis alowa nawo omwe amayambitsa matenda.

Poizoni nephropathy

Zikuwoneka chifukwa cha zowononga zoyipa zoyipa m'thupi.

Pali mitundu ili:

mwachindunji: kuchokera pakumwedwa kwa mchere wazitsulo kulowa mthupi la munthu, zopanda pake: kumachokera pakulowa m'magazi a ziphe zomwe zimakhala ndi poizoni m'thupi.

Zizindikiro zazikuluzikulu za nephropathy ya poizoni ndizopweteka m'munsi mmbuyo, mawonekedwe a zotupa zamagazi mumkodzo komanso kuchepa kwa mkodzo.

Fomu yolowa

Amawonekera pamitundu komanso majini a chromosomal. Zimasiyana ndi mitundu yapitayi mwa nthawi yayitali ya matendawa, yomwe nthawi iliyonse imatha kupitirira patsogolo kwambiri. Zomwe matendawa amafanana ndi zomwe zidachitika kale.
Metabolic nephropathy.

Zomwe zimayambitsa zimachitika ndi matenda a metabolic.

Mitundu ya nephropathy

Kutengera ndi chiyambi, matendawa ali ndi mitundu iwiri:

Poyamba Amatanthauzanso matenda obadwa nawo, ndipo amadziwika ndi kupita patsogolo kwambiri. Zotsatira za mawonekedwe oyamba ndikutukuka mofulumira kwa kulephera kwa impso ndi urolithiasis. Sekondale Matenda olingana ndi matenda a impso.

Zifukwa zazikulu ndi:

kusokonezeka kwa kagayidwe kachakudya, kusachita bwino kwa zinthu zina, kapena kudya kwambiri thupi, zovuta zoyipa zosankhidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kuphwanya calcium kagayidwe kake mthupi.

Zizindikiro za metabolic nephropathy:

kusokonezeka kwa metabolic, miyala kapena mchenga mu impso, kutupa kwamtunduwu, kukoka pafupipafupi, kutopa, kusasangalala komanso kupweteka m'mimba, kupezeka kwakukulu kwa maselo oyera am'magazi ndi maselo ofiira amkodzo mumkodzo.

Ntchito ndi njira zochizira

Nephropathy yam'mimba imathandizidwa m'magawo. Asanapereke mankhwala, dokotala amalimbikitsa zotsatirazi:

Sinthani m'moyo wokhala. Kudya tsiku lililonse kwamadzi ambiri. Kutsatira kwambiri zakudya.

Kuti mankhwalawa abweretse zotsatira zabwino, zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndizofunikira. Ndipo akangopezeka, njira yochizira nephropathy imathandizira.

Chithandizo cha odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtunduwu chimachitika mu chipatala pambuyo pofufuza ndi kufufuza matenda.

Cholinga cha mankhwalawa ndikuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikuchotsa kutupa.

Chithandizo cha nephropathy amayi apakati samapereka kufunika. Chifukwa chake, dotolo yemwe akupezekapo amawona chitukuko cha matendawa ndipo akuganiza njira ndi nthawi yobereka.

Chithandizo cha poizoni nephropathy cholinga chake ndikamasula wodwala ku poizoni. Kuti muchite izi, njira monga gastric lavage, hemosorption, hemodialysis, etc.

- Chimayambitsa kupondaponda ndi miyendo ndi chiyani?

Matenda a matenda

Kukula kwa matenda am'mimba kumayendetsedwa ndi njira zotupa zomwe zimakhalapo kwanthawi yayitali mu genitourinary system. Fomu yodwalayo imatha kukhazikitsidwa pambuyo pa myocarditis, endocarditis, chifuwa, uchidakwa, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kutenga analgesics ambiri.

Hypphora kapena matenda ashuga nephropathy amasintha msanga kukhala mawonekedwe. Motere:

ma nephrons atayika, glomeruli hypertrophy, akudutsa interstitial fibrosis.

Impso zalephera, kulephera kumayamba:

kusefedwa kumayimitsidwa kapena kusokonezedwa, matenda amafalikira mkati mwa thupi, pyelonephritis ndi cystitis amakula, ndikuwoneka miyala.

Momwe matenda akumapitilira, magazi amadzaza ndi poizoni wa uremic, yemwe amayamba kuchepa m'mafupa.

Impso zimayamba kuperewera:

folic acid, vitamini B12, chitsulo.

Wodwala ali ndi zizindikiro za kuchepa magazi.

Chifukwa chakuti ndi matendawa wodwala amataya mapuloteni ambiri, wodwalayo amapatsidwa zakudya zowonjezera zomanga thupi.

Cholinga cha chakudyacho ndikuthandizira impso kuti ipititse patsogolo ntchito yawo.

Pokhudzana ndi kutulutsidwa kwa mapuloteni ambiri pamodzi ndi mkodzo, njira yayikulu yazakudya ndi kubwezeretsanso thupi ndi mapuloteni, ndikuchotsanso madzi owonjezera chifukwa chosagwira impso komanso mawonekedwe a kutupa.

Thanzi la nephropathy ndi:

kuchuluka kwa zakudya zopezeka ndi mapuloteni, kuchepa kwa zakudya zamafuta, kuchuluka kwa thupi ndi lipolipids kukonza metabolism, komanso kuchepetsa cholesterol mkodzo.

Kuti tithane ndi zizindikiro za matendawa, ndikofunikira kutsatira mfundo za:

Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku zomwe zimakhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri. Kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta okhala ndi zakudya. Kupititsa patsogolo thupi ndi zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kagayidwe kachakudya mthupi, komanso kutsika mafuta m'thupi. Ngati impso za wodwalayo zawonongeka kwambiri, kudya mapuloteni kuyenera kuchepetsedwa. Chepetsani kugwiritsa ntchito zonunkhira ndi zonunkhira. Ndikofunikira kuchita masiku awiri osakhazikika pamlungu. Osalola kuletsa madzi.

Zakudya zazikulu zomwe zimayenera kukhala pazakudya:

mkate wopanda mchere, zakudya msuzi, nyama yochepa yamafuta yophika mu uvuni kapena wowotcha, mafuta onse amkaka, nsomba zonenepa kwambiri, zophika kapena zothira, nguluwe, chimanga.

mbatata, squash, zukini, kaloti, beets, dzungu.

Za zakumwa, zomwe amakonda zimaperekedwa kwa ma compotes omwe adzikonzera okha. Ma compotes kuchokera ku sitiroberi, rasipiberi ndi lingonberries amawachotsa bwino pakukutira.

Mutha kuwonjezera masamba a mbewu izi. Musaiwale za zakumwa za zitsamba. Zimapindulitsanso impso.

Zinthu zoyenera kunena “Ayi”:

ayisikilimu, chokoleti, anyezi, adyo.

Zakudya zamitundu mitundu zomwe zimakhala ndi nephropathy ndizosiyana, kotero musanakhalepo, muyenera kufunsa katswiri.

Mwachitsanzo, zakudya za matenda a shuga

kudya zakudya zochepa zama protein, kumwa mchere pang'ono, kukana kwathunthu mchere wamadzi ndi zakudya zamchere.

Zakudya ziyenera kuphikidwa popanda mchere komanso kuchokera ku zinthu zachilengedwe zokha.

Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku za wodwala ziyenera kuphatikizapo:

Mitundu yamafuta ochepa a nsomba ndi nyama, zakudya zamafuta ochepa, mafuta okhathamira.

Zinthu zonse za kalori zomwe siziyenera kupitilira 2500 kcal.

Ndikamadya 100%, wodwala kale sabata yoyamba amakhala ndi thanzi labwino.

Chithandizo cha aimpso nephropathy wowerengeka azitsamba

Inde, ndi nephropathy ya impso, dokotala amapereka mankhwala mosiyanasiyana. Koma kuyambira nthawi zakale, pali mankhwala abwino kwambiri wowerengeka ochizira matenda a impso, omwe amaperekanso zotsatira zabwino.

Tikuwuzani mwatsatanetsatane maphikidwe angapo a ndalama za anthu wowerengeka pothana ndi vutoli, lomwe limathandizira kutukusira ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito:

Kutola nambala 1. Pa chopereka ichi muyenera: 30 g ya wort ya St. John, 25 g ya coltsfoot, 25 g a yarrow maluwa, 20 g wa nettle. Zitsamba zonsezi zimadulidwa bwino komanso kusakaniza bwino. Supuni ziwiri kapena zitatu za chophatikiza zimatsanulira malita 14 a madzi otentha, ndikuyika malo amdima kuti kulowetsedwa. Msuzi wozizira umagawika m'magawo awiri ofanana ndipo umatengedwa m'magawo awiri. Gwiritsani ntchito kwa masiku osachepera 25. Kutoleza No. 2. Tengani supuni ziwiri zauni wa fulakesi, komfrey, masamba a bere ndi gorse. Timasakaniza zitsamba izi ndi masamba a mabulosi akuda (gawo limodzi) ndi zipatso za juniper (gawo limodzi). Thirani madzi onse otentha 14, wiritsani pang'ono kutentha pang'ono. Timamwa msuzi wokonzedwa kangapo patsiku kwa mwezi umodzi. Kutola nambala 3. Timatenga gawo limodzi la mabulosi a chimanga ndi birch, kusakaniza ndi magawo awiri a bere ndi magawo anayi a wotchi ya masamba atatu. Supuni imodzi ya chophatikiza ichi imathiridwa ndi 250 ml ya madzi otentha, wiritsani kwa mphindi 12 pa moto wochepa. Tengani decoction katatu patsiku. Kutola nambala 4. Lingonberries amathandiza kwambiri a nephropathy a impso. Kudutsa zipatso kudzera chopukusira nyama, kuwonjezera shuga 1: 1 mpaka mbatata zosenda. Thirani mbatata yosenda m'mitsuko, kuphimba ndi pepala lokazikiratu ndikuyika kuzizira. Ikani supuni 1 ya mbatata yosenda mu mphika, kuthira madzi owiritsa ndi chakumwa kuti mugule bwino. Kutola nambala 5. Masamba a Strawberry ndi zipatso zake ndi zabwino polimbana ndi kutupa. Timatenga zipatso ndi masamba a sitiroberi chimodzimodzi, kutsanulira 1 kapu yamadzi ndikuphika kwa mphindi 10. Tengani zakonzedwa zopangidwa za supuni ziwiri katatu patsiku. Kutola nambala 6. Pa chopereka ichi mufunika ma masamba a mavwende. Timatenga peyala zamkati 2-3, regimen muztinthu tating'onoting'ono, kutsanulira 200 ml ya madzi otentha, kuyikidwa m'malo amdima kuti tiziumiriza. Msuzi wokonzeka kutenga supuni ziwiri katatu patsiku.

Koma, kumbukirani kuti musanagwiritse ntchito njira iliyonse yachikhalidwe, muyenera kufunsa katswiri kuti mupeze chindapusa kapena chindapusa. Chifukwa zina mwaizi zimatha kuyambitsa mavuto.

Ambiri maganizo a odwala okhudzana ndi mankhwala a nephropathy ndi wowerengeka azitsamba

Odwala ena omwe ali ndi vuto la impso amalabadira molakwika mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga momwe zilili masiku ano pakhala pali milandu pomwe, chifukwa cha mankhwala, matendawa adangokulitsa kwambiri chitukuko.

Makamaka ngati mumwa mankhwala popanda malangizo a dokotala komanso muyezo waukulu. Kuphatikiza apo, pafupifupi mankhwala onse tsopano amawonjezera zamankhwala zovulaza, zomwe zingayambitse kuyanjana. Chifukwa chake, anthu ambiri amalangizanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala azikhalidwe, chifukwa ndi othandiza komanso othandiza. Ndipo mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala malinga ndi zomwe dokotala wakupatsani komanso muyezo wofunikira, osati galamu yambiri.

Komabe, mankhwala azithandizo amakhalanso ndi zovuta zawo. Popeza pakadali pano anthu onse akuyesera kuti atenge mitundu ya mankhwala azitsamba pofuna kuchiritsa matenda a impso, m'misika momwe mulibe chilolezo cha malonda, komanso zovuta za mankhwalawa komanso chitetezo chake sizikudziwika. Chifukwa chake ndibwino kugula mitengo ya impso ya azitsamba m'mafakitore ndikugwiritsa ntchito okhawo omwe akuwuzani dokotala, ndiye kuti akupatsani zotsatira 100%.

Kumbukirani, simungathe kudzimva nokha nephropathy komanso matenda ena a impso, chifukwa impso zimakonda kwambiri mankhwala osiyanasiyana, kaya ndi mankhwala kapena mankhwala. Ndipo aliyense wa iwo atha kukhala ndi mtundu wina, mwachitsanzo, kuyambira poyizoni mpaka pakhungu kulephera, komanso nthawi zina mpaka kutayika kwathunthu kwa ntchito ya impso ndi matenda osiyanasiyana a impso.

Zotsatira ndi zovuta za matenda

Vuto lalikulu kwambiri la nephropathy ndi kulephera kwaimpso. Ndiye kuti, ngati matenda amtunduwu samathandizidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti impso zimatha kukhala zopanda vuto lililonse. Komanso matendawa amatenga matenda osiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, pyelonephritis ndi cystitis.

Nthawi zambiri, matenda a impso amasiya zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimawopseza moyo wa munthu.

Mwachitsanzo, awa ndi:

kuchepa magazi, mavuto a mtima, mtima arrhythmia, kuthamanga kwa magazi, mapapu a edema, matenda aimpso.

Malinga ndi madotolo ambiri, izi zonse zomwe zikuchitika komanso zovuta zake pakalipano zikukula kwambiri.

Chifukwa chake, ngati simukufunafuna thandizo la katswiri munthawi yake ndipo simukuyamba chithandizo choyenera, ndiye kuti njira zosiyanasiyana za m'magazi zimayambira mthupi zomwe zimasokoneza kugwira ntchito kwa ziwalo zonse zamkati ndi machitidwe. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwira ntchito kwakuthupi ndi kwamaganizidwe kumachepa kwambiri, zovuta zingapo zowopsa, ngakhale kufa, zidzachitika.

Njira zothandizira kupewa izi

Ngati muli ndi impso ya nephropathy, ndiye madokotala oyenerera okha omwe angakuthandizeni ndi mankhwalawa. Ndipo inunso, muyenera kungotsatira malangizo onse. Choyamba muyenera kuzindikira ndikuchotsa chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli.

Pankhaniyi, ana ayenera kuyesedwa kangapo kuti adziwe zoyenera komanso kuti matenda osiyanasiyana obadwa nawo asakule. Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, kuyezetsa magazi pafupipafupi ndikulimbikitsidwa.

Nawa malangizo akuluakulu a munthu amene ali ndi vuto la nephropathy kuti athe kusintha mkhalidwe wawo komanso kupewa mavuto:

Yang'anirani kuchuluka kwa magazi anu, idyani moyenera, idyani masamba ambiri, zipatso, osadya yokazinga, mafuta, mchere komanso maswiti ambiri, samalirani kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe mumamwa, imwani mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mavitamini, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku ndi tsiku.

Mukakwaniritsa zonse zomwe tafotokozazi, ndiye kuti simungangoyimitsa kupititsa patsogolo kwa matenda, komanso kusintha bwino kwamunthu.

Chifukwa chake, njira za prophylactic za nephropathy zimaphatikizapo kusamalitsa koyenera kwa zakudya zopatsa thanzi (pankhani ya metabolic nephropathy - zakudya), zikhalidwe zamadzimadzi, komanso kufufuza kwakanthawi ndi chithandizo cha matenda omwe adalipo nephropathy.

Impso nephropathy - zizindikiro ndi chithandizo

Vuto la matenda a impso, monga nephropathy ya impso, ndi owopsa ku moyo wa munthu. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndizosiyana. Nthawi zambiri matenda a ziwalo zamkati amabweretsa izi. Poyamba, matendawa amakula modabwitsa ndipo amawonekera pokhapokha kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa zida zamagetsi komanso a impso parenchyma.

Zoyambira ndi zachiwiri

Kumene matendawa amachokera komanso koyambirira. Nthawi zina, cholowa cholowa m'malo. Zachiwiri zimaphatikizanso kukanika kwaimpso. Nphropathies yachiwiri imayambitsidwa ndi nephrosis, vasculitis ya mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi zotupa mu impso ndipo pamapeto pake zimayambitsa vuto lalikulu la impso glomeruli. Fomu yoyamba imakwiyitsa kukula kwa ziwalo zilizonse kapena impso zokha mu nthawi yobereka:

aimpso dystopia (malo osayenera), osasinthika mawonekedwe a impso, kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe a imprauterine mu kukula kwa impso, anomaly ya aimpso glomeruli.

Mitundu ndi zizindikiro

Pathologies ndi chitukuko cha chiwalo kuyambitsa matenda.

M'malo mwake, nephropathy ndimawu ophatikizika amomwe amapangira njira zomwe zimadziwika ndi kuwonongeka kwa impso zonse. Makamaka, minofu ya impso, ma tubules ndi mitsempha yamagazi imakhudzidwa. Magwiridwe antchito amthupi lino amakhala ndi vuto lalikulu. Ngati chithandizo cha nephropathy cha impso sichinayambike, zotsatira zoyipa ndizotheka.

Kukula pang'onopang'ono kwa matendawo kumatanthauza zizindikiro zazikulu zobisika. Magawo oyamba nthawi zambiri sadzipangitsa kuti amve.

Pakapita kanthawi, wodwalayo amayamba kudandaula za zina mwazizindikiro: kutopa, kupweteka m'dera lumbar, ludzu losalekeza. Kulakalaka kumachulukirachulukira, njira zokuchiritsa zimachulukirachulukira. Popita nthawi, kuchulukana kumawonekera, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakwera. Kutengera zomwe zimayambitsa ndi kuwonongeka kwa impso, nephropathy imagawidwa m'mitundu ingapo. Tiyeni tikambirane chilichonse mwatsatanetsatane.

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Zamatsenga

Metabolic nephropathy ndiyoyambira komanso yachiwiri. Ndi matenda awa, ntchito zama metabolic zimasokonekera. Mitundu yoyamba imatengedwa ngati cholowa, mavuto amakula msanga: kulephera kwa impso ndi urolithiasis. Fomu yachiwiri imachitika chifukwa cha zoyambitsa ndi poizoni ndi matenda ena.

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Dysmetabolic

Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha matenda a metabolic.

Amadziwikanso kuti urate nephropathy, omwe amayamba chifukwa cha vuto la metabolism. Kuphatikiza apo ndikuphatikizidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa impso chifukwa cha mchere wamchere. Oxalic acid, oxalates ndi urate zimayikidwa makamaka mu impso. Dysmetabolic nephropathy imagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri kutengera luso lamchere: oxalate ndi urate.

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Pa nthawi yoyembekezera

Zizindikiro zazikuluzikulu za matenda amtunduwu, zomwe zimakhala zowopsa pa nthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati, zimakhala zowopsa zowopsa komanso kutupa kwambiri kwa thupi. Nephropathy ya digiri yoyamba imatsala pang'ono kunyalanyazidwa nthawi yapakati. Nthawi zambiri, odwala amapita kwa dotolo ndi madandaulo ngati patachitika degree 2 kapena 3, yomwe imadziwika ndi zizindikiro zowopsa komanso chiwopsezo chotayika cha fetal.

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda amtundu wa endocrine omwe amafunikira mosamala. Kuphatikiza pa chithandizo chamankhwala, wodwalayo amafunika chithandizo chamankhwala kuti ateteze thupi lake ku zovuta za ziwalo zomwe zikulipidwa.

Kulephera kwamkati mu shuga ndi chizolowezi chomachitika pafupipafupi, chifukwa ndi kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi, kumatenga madzimadzi limodzi nawo, potero kumakulitsa kuthinikizidwa mkati mwa glomeruli. Ngati simubweretsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndiye kuti nthendayo ndiyowopsa ndikutayika kwathunthu kwa impso. Wodwala amafunikira kuyimba pafupipafupi.

Zizindikiro zisanu zakuyamba kwa matenda a impso mu matenda a shuga zizifotokozedwa pansipa, momwe mungapangitsire kagwiridwe kameneka ndi chakudya, chakudya chambiri chifukwa cha kulephera kwa impso, komanso mndandanda woyenera wa sabata.

Nthawi zambiri shuga wambiri pakapita nthawi amakhala ndi vuto la impso. Nthawi zambiri, kulephera kwa impso kumachitika mu mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, pomwe glycemia imabisika osalandira chithandizo.

Matenda a shuga ndi impso zimalumikizana. Izi zikufotokozedwa mophweka - kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumapangitsa kupsinjika mkati mwa glomeruli la impso. Zigoba zawo zimakula nthawi, zomwe zimayendetsa mitsempha yamagazi. Kusokonezeka kwa thupi kotereku kumaphatikizapo kuyeretsa kwamphamvu kwa magazi. Ngati matendawa sanalandiridwe, amatha kudwala, kenako wodwalayo adzafunika dialysis.

Kutsegula m'mimba ndi njira yomwe imagwirira ntchito m'madokotala azachipatala mothandizidwa ndi zida zoyeretsera magazi. Kutsegula pakhungu limodzi ndi kulephera kwaimpso ndikofunikira, ndi madokotala okha omwe amafotokozera kutalika kwake. Kuti muzindikire kuwonongeka kwa aimpso mu matenda a shuga, ndikofunika kulabadira izi:

nseru, kuchepa kukodza, kusanza, kupweteka mutu pafupipafupi, kukokana.

Kuwona izi, kapena chimodzi mwazomwe, muyenera kulankhulana ndi nephrologist. Ngati ntchito ya impso mu matenda ashuga imalephera chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ma nephrons, ndiye kuti matenda amtunduwu amatchedwa kulephera kwa impso.

Popewa matenda, odwala omwe ali ndi insulin amayenera kufufuza pafupipafupi ngati magazi awo akwezedwa. Pofuna kupewa matenda, mankhwalawa amayikidwa kuti athandize kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga. Endocrinologist imayang'anira kayendetsedwe ka mankhwala osokoneza bongo (Metformin, Glucobay) ndi zakudya zapadera zochokera ku glycemic index (GI).

Pofuna kupewa kupwetekedwa kotero mu impso ndi shuga, ndikofunikira kuyendera endocrinologist ndi nephrologist chaka chilichonse.

Zakudya za impso zamagulu a shuga ziyenera kukhala zochepa-carb ndipo zimakhala ndi mapuloteni ochepa a nyama. Zakudya zoterezi sizichulukitsa shuga wamagazi, motero kukhazikitsa komanso nthawi yomweyo osalemetsa ntchito ya impso.

Matenda a shuga enieni amakakamiza munthu moyo wake wonse kuti azitsatira chithandizo chamankhwala malinga ndi kusankha kwa mankhwala a GI. Chizindikiritso ichi mu digito chimawonetsa mphamvu ya chinthu chomwe chimapangidwa mu chakudya m'magazi a glucose pambuyo pake.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga, chakudyacho chimakhala ngati chithandizo chachikulu, ndipo mwa mtundu wodalira insulin, ndiye chithandizo chofanana chomwe chimakwaniritsa insulin.

GI imagawidwa m'magulu angapo:

0 - 50 PIECES - chizindikiro chotsika, 50 - 69 PIECES - chizindikiro wamba, 70 PIECES ndi pamwambapa - chizindikiro chachikulu.

Munthu akakhala ndi shuga wambiri, ndiye kuti kukana kwathunthu zakudya zomwe zili ndi GI yayikulu. Chakudya chachikulu chimapangidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi GI yotsika, chakudya chomwe chimakhala ndi zolembera zingapo chimaloledwa kuphatikizidwa mumenyu monga kusiyapo kangapo pa sabata.

Ndi zakudya zosayenera, wodwala akamadya chakudya chamafuta othamanga, sikuti shuga yokha imangokulitsidwa, komanso mitsempha ya magazi imatha kutsekeka, chifukwa chakudya chotere chimakhala ndi cholesterol yoyipa.

Wodwala akapezeka kuti ali ndi vuto laimpso ndipo magazi ake amawonjezereka pafupipafupi, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zomwe zili ndi index yotsika ya glycemic.

Shuga akamakwezedwa, wodwalayo ayenera kuyesetsa kuti achepetse, chifukwa amawononga osati ntchito ya impso, komanso ziwalo zina zofunika. Chofunikira pakuthandizira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi dongosolo lazakudya.

Menyu yopangidwa moyenera siyimangoyambitsa thanzi la wodwalayo, komanso amachotsa zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana za matendawo. Ndikofunikira kuti wodwalayo adziwe dialysis kuti achepetse mapuloteni a tsiku ndi tsiku, omwe sayenera kupitirira 70 magalamu.

Kuphika ndibwino kuti musakhale mchere, ngati zingatheke, muchepetse kugwiritsa ntchito mchere pang'ono. Tsiku ayenera kumwa lita imodzi ya madzi oyeretsedwa.

Malamulo oyambira pazakudya:

Zakudya zamagawo ochepa 5-6 patsiku, osapatula tiyi wamphamvu, khofi, chakudya chamagulu sichimaposa magalamu 70, musamadye magalamu oposa zipatso kapena zipatso tsiku lililonse, osapatula zonunkhira ndi zakudya zazakudya. gwiritsani zakudya pokhapokha potentha, pezani zakudya zokhala ndi oxalic acid, potaziyamu ndi calcium - zimapatsanso impso, chakudya chomaliza osachepera maola angapo asanagone.

wiritsani, wothira, simmer pamadzi kapena osagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochepa a olive, kuphika mu uvuni.

Pamene dialysis ikuchitika kwa wodwala, dokotala amatha kusintha pang'ono pang'onopang'ono zakudya, payekhapayekha malinga ndi chithunzi cha matendawa.

Monga tafotokozera kale, zakudya zomwe zidachulukitsa potaziyamu ndi calcium siziperekedwa kuchakudya. Zinthu zotere zimafunikira kwambiri kuchokera ku impso, koma ndi kulephera kwaimpso ndikosatheka.

Muyenera kusiya izi:

mbatata, zipatso zamtundu uliwonse, nyemba - nandolo, mphodza, anapiye, nyemba, ufa wa cocoa, khofi ndi tiyi, sipinachi, mitundu yonse ya mtedza, tirigu, soya.

Kudzaza kuperewera kwa potaziyamu ndi calcium, dokotala wa nephrologist amapereka mankhwala apadera.Pankhaniyi, kudzipereka nokha koletsedwa.

Chotsatira ndi chakudya cha kulephera kwa impso ndi matenda ashuga a sabata, omwe angasinthidwe malinga ndi zomwe amakonda. Koma musaiwale za malingaliro omwe ali pamwambapa.

Iyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi udindo wonse pakupeza chakudya cha wodwalayo, chifukwa ndizosatheka kuwunika kuti ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo ndi mfundo zamankhwala azakudya.

kadzutsa woyamba - chidutswa cha mkate wa rye, tofu tchizi, tiyi, chakudya chachiwiri - mabulosi ophika, 150 ml ya kefir, kapu yamadzi oyeretsedwa, nkhomaliro - supu yamasamba, barele la ngale ndi chidutswa cha nsomba, tiyi, tiyi wamadzulo - dzira lophika, saladi yamasamba, madzi oyamba chakudya chamadzulo - kabichi wokazinga ndi mpunga wamafuta, chakudya chachiwiri - curd soufflé. woyamba kadzutsa - masamba saladi, tiyi, lachiwiri ladzakhala tchizi popanda shuga ndi tiyi, peyala imodzi, nkhomaliro - supu yamasamba, Buckwheat ndi chifuwa cha nkhuku yophika, kapu yamadzi, tiyi wamadzulo - saladi wamasamba, mkate wa rye, kapu yamadzi, chakudya choyamba - masamba mphodza, kagawo ka mkate wa rye, tiyi, chakudya chachiwiri - tchizi chofufumitsa mkaka wokazinga wowotchera. kadzutsa woyamba - apulo umodzi, tchizi wowonda wopanda mafuta, chakudya chachiwiri - mafuta opaka pamadzi, maapulo ophika, kapu ya madzi, nkhomaliro - msuzi wokhala ndi mpunga wamafuta, mapiritsi pamtsamiro wamasamba, mkate wa tiyi wa tiyi, tiyi, chakudya chamadzulo - phala la barele ndi msuzi wa chiwindi cha nkhuku, tiyi, chakudya chachiwiri - yogurt yopanda mafuta. woyamba kadzutsa - saladi wa zipatso mu kuchuluka kwa magalamu 150, tiyi wokhala ndi buledi wa rye, chakudya chachiwiri cham'mawa - oatmeal pamadzi, tiyi, nkhomaliro - msuzi wamasamba, masamba otentha, squid wophika, tiyi, tiyi wamasana - odzola popanga ufa wa oat, kagawo mkate wa rye, chakudya choyamba - lilime yophika nyama, mapira a tirigu owoneka pamadzi, tiyi, chakudya chachiwiri - kapu yamkaka iliyonse yamkaka yopanda mafuta. woyamba kadzutsa - mabulosi saladi, tiyi, chakudya chachiwiri - omele ndi masamba, kapu ya madzi, nkhomaliro - msuzi ndi durum tirigu vermicelli, balere, zinziri zophika, tiyi, tiyi wamasana - maapulo ophika, tiyi, kagawo ka mkate wa rye ndi tchizi tofu, woyamba chakudya chamadzulo - masamba ophika poto ndi nkhuku, tiyi, chakudya chachiwiri - kanyumba tchizi soufflé, kapu yamadzi. kadzutsa woyamba - magalamu 150 a masamba aliwonse kapena zipatso (yokhala ndi GI yotsika), chakudya chachiwiri - chakudya cham'madzi, tiyi, nkhomaliro - msuzi wamasamba, ng'ombe yophika, tchizi, tiyi, tiyi wamadzulo - chidutswa cha mkate wa rye, tchizi tofu, tiyi, chakudya choyamba - omele ndi masamba, kagawo ka mkate wa rye, kofi yofooka yachiwiri4 - apulo wophika, tiyi. kadzutsa woyamba - saladi wa zipatso, 150 ml ya mkaka wothira mkaka, chakudya chachiwiri - mpunga wa bulauni wokhala ndi masamba, tiyi, nkhomaliro - msuzi wokhala ndi buckwheat, cutlet ya nsomba, kolifulawa yophika, tiyi, tiyi wamadzulo - mkate wa rye ndi phala la anthu odwala matenda ashuga a nkhuku, tiyi, chakudya chamadzulo choyamba - chakudya chamasamba, dzira yophika, tiyi, chakudya chachiwiri - magalamu 150 a oatmeal pamadzi.

Mu kanema munkhaniyi, mutu wa zakudya zoperewera kwa impso ukupitilira.

Sonyezani shuga lanu kapena sankhani jenda kuti mulimbikitsidwe

Kulephera kwina - Ichi ndi vuto lomwe, pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, silimagwira ntchito impso. Choyambitsa kulephera kwakhungu kwa impso ndi kuledzera, matenda opweteka kwambiri, kuwotcha, kuvulala ndi pachimake yade .

Ili ndi nthawi 4: koyamba, kutsitsa kwamkodzo potulutsa, kubwezeretsa, kuchira. Nthawi ya kuchepa kwa kutulutsa kwamkodzo ndi yovuta kwambiri, imatenga masiku 20 ndipo imadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa poizoni wa nitrogenous m'magazi, kuphwanya kwamadzi ndi michere ya mineral, kupezeka kwa edema ndi chitukuko acidosis . Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la impso kwambiri amatha kukana kudya chifukwa amadandaula ndi mseru komanso kusanza. Njala imakulitsa vutoli, chifukwa kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni kumathandizira, komanso kusokonezeka kwa metabolic kumawonjezeka.

Kulephera kwa impso zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kufalikira kwa impso mu matenda awo, omwe akupita patsogolo nthawi zonse. Zoyambitsa zake zitha kukhala matenda:

glomerulonephritis , urolithiasis , pyelonephritis , zotupa, matenda a zonse, matenda ashuga , ochepa matenda oopsa , gout ndi matenda obadwa nawo.

Kuopsa kwa matenda pachimake glomerulonephritis Akuluakulu okhala ndi vutoli amalephera, kakhumi mopitilira ana. Pyelonephritis khalani malo achitatu mwa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a impso.

Anemia Nthawi zambiri imayendera limodzi ndi matenda a impso ndipo ndi vuto loyambirira la matenda a impso. Nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa ndi kuchepetsedwa chilolezo creatinine mpaka 40-60 ml / min (mu gawo III). Nthawi zina zimawonedwa kale. Mlingo wake umatchulidwa makamaka mu gawo la kudwala.

Mkhalidwe wa odwalawa ndiwowopsa, amakakamizidwa kuti azilandira mosamala ndikuwonetsetsa kuti adye. Tiyeni tiwone zakudya zomwe zimayikidwa matenda a impso limodzi ndi kulephera kwa aimpso. Gome lalikulu la chithandizo ndi Zakudya 7 kapena mitundu yake Ayi. 7A ndi No. 7B .

At pachimake aimpso kulephera tebulo lalikulu ndi Table No. 7A, lomwe limapereka:

Kuletsa kwakukulu kwa mapuloteni (20 g). Ndalama zomwe wodwala amalandira atawononga mkaka, zakumwa za mkaka, kirimu, kirimu wowawasa ndi mazira. Nyama ndi nsomba sizimayikidwa. Kupereka mphamvu zamagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito chakudya (zipatso, zipatso, masamba, shuga, Saga, Mpunga, Uchi) ndi Mafuta (batala ndi Mafuta a masamba). Kukhazikitsidwa kwa 0,4-0,5 l amadzimadzi (madzi opanda mpweya, tiyi ofooka, timadziti ta sitimadzi, kefir) ndi kuletsa mchere kumapeto kwa diuresis. Pakukachira kwake, kuchuluka kwa mkodzo kumatha kukhala malita awiri patsiku, chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwamadzi ambiri kumalimbikitsidwa. Mafuta osakwanira kapena owonjezera amachititsa kuti magazi azikhala ndi nkhawa. Kuchepetsa kwa zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi potaziyamu ndi magnesium, komanso pamaso pa anuria - kuwonjezera sodium. Mukachira, pang'onopang'ono mchere wamchere, mapuloteni - oyambira 40 g (Gawo No. 7B ), kenako kukhala zabwinobwino. Pambuyo pa tebulo ili, wodwalayo amasamutsidwa ku Zakudya Nambala 7 kwa nthawi yayitali (mpaka chaka). Chifukwa cha kufooka kwa impso kovuta, Table 7 imalimbikitsidwa nthawi yomweyo, koma poletsa potaziyamu.

At aakulu aimpso kulephera Zakudya zimateteza kuchepa kwa impso ndipo mfundo zazikuluzakudya ndi:

Nyama yophika yophika

Mulingo wambiri woletsa mapuloteni (izi zimatengera kuuma kwa CRF). Akamakonda zomwe zingakonongeke mosavuta ndi mapuloteni amkaka ndi mapuloteni a dzira. Mapuloteni azomera ali ndi phindu lochepa. Mukaphika, nyama ndi nsomba zimayamba zophika, kenako zopatsa kapena kuphika. Njira imeneyi imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zochulukirapo. Chepetsa kudya kwa phosphorous (mkaka, chinangwa, tchizi, mkate, tirigu, mazira, nthochi, tchizi), chimanga, mtedza, koko) ndi potaziyamu (kuletsa mbatata, sore, nthochi, zipatso zam'madzi, nsomba zam'nyanja, nyama, kupatula curry, mbewu, sesame). Kudya calcium wokwanira (zinthu monga mkaka, mazira, masamba). Njira yabwino kwambiri ndiyo kumwa calcium calciumate, yomwe imamwa bwino ndipo imangiriza phosphorous m'matumbo. Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa mankhwalawa amawerengedwa aliyense payekha. Kuphatikiza kwa keto analogi ofunikira amino acid ndi histidine. Kugwiritsa ntchito kumakupatsani mwayi woletsa mapuloteni. Kupereka mphamvu zokwanira chifukwa cha mafuta (polyunsaturated mafuta acids) ndi chakudya chamafuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mapuloteni azikhala bwino komanso kuti muchepetse kusweka kwake mthupi. Ndi wopanda ma calories, mapuloteni amaphatikizidwa mu metabolism komanso kuchuluka kwa urea kumakwera. Ndikofunikira kuphatikiza zinthu zopangira mafuta ambiri (kirimu wowawasa, uchi) muzakudya, koma muzigwiritsa ntchito m'mawa. Nthawi yomweyo, musadzaze zakudyazo ndi mafuta okuthandizani komanso mafuta ambiri osavuta. Poganizira mkhalidwe wa ntchito ya excretion ndi kuyambitsa koyenera kwamadzimadzi ndi mchere. Kuchepetsa kwawo pamaso pa edema ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi. Zakudya zimaphikidwa popanda mchere, koma zochuluka zimaloledwa kuti zidyedwe (izi zimatengera kuuma kwa matendawa ndi kuuma kwa kupweteka kwa aimpso). Kuchuluka kwake kwamadzimadzi kumawerengeredwa payekha ndi kuchuluka kwa mkodzo wotulutsidwa patsiku lathalo. Zopatulidwa ndizopangidwa ndi mafuta ofunikira (udzu winawake, katsabola watsopano, parsley, basil, adyo watsopano ndi anyezi). Kuchepetsa zakudya zokhala ndi potaziyamu (zipatso zouma, masamba atsopano ndi zipatso), pamene odwala omwe ali ndi vuto laimpso amakula Hyperkalemia . Kuchepetsa kwa zinthu mkaka, phala ndi phala. Tiyi yamphamvu ndi khofi, zokometsera komanso mchere wamchere, koko, chokoleti, tchizi, zakumwa zoledzeretsa siziphatikizidwa. Kuphatikizidwa kwa mavitamini ndi ma amino acid . Kupatula kudya kwa mchere wa sodium mchere.

Ndi kulephera kwa impso, kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zoyenera, mutha kuchepetsa kuledzera ndi kupitirira kwa matenda aimpso kulephera, kuchepetsa mawonekedwe hyperparathyroidism . Mankhwala othandizira pakudya ayenera kuyankhidwa atangoyamba kumene creatinine ndikungoyamba kupitirira zikhalidwe.

Zakudya za kuperewera kwa aimpso zimadalira kuchuluka kwa kulephera kwa impso ndipo zimaphatikizanso kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni omwe sangayambitse kuchuluka kwa azotemia, ndipo nthawi yomweyo sikuti kuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni ake omwe. Thanzi lachipatala liyenera kupereka kufunika kwake ma amino acid okhala ndi mapuloteni otsika, zomwe zikutanthauza kupewa kuperewera kwa mapuloteni. Kuletsa mapuloteni koyambirira m'zakudya kungachedwetse matendawa. Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya mapuloteni amalepheretsa kuchepa mphamvu (imodzi mwazomwe zimachitika kuti matenda a impso alephere), pomwe mbali yayikulu ya minyewa imayamba kuchuluka. Zakudya zochepa zomanga thupi zimachepetsa kuchepa kwa thupi. Pokhala ndi mapuloteni ochepa, kuchuluka kwa urea (mankhwala omaliza a kuvunda kwake) kumachepa, kuledzera kumachepa ndipo mkhalidwe wa odwala umayenda bwino.

Zakudya zamadzimadzi panthawi yovomerezeka ya mkodzo sizikhala zochepa, koma ziyenera kufanana ndi kuchuluka komwe kunaperekedwa tsiku lapitalo kuphatikiza 400-500 ml. Ngati kupanikizika sikunakwezedwa ndipo palibe edema, mchere wa 4-5 g patsiku umalimbikitsidwa. Ndi kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, maonekedwe a edema ndi kulemera kwake, kuchuluka kwa madzi amchere ndi mchere kumachepetsedwa.

Akulakwitsa aimpso kulephera digiri 2, mapuloteni kuletsa 0,5-0.4 g / kg kulemera chofunika (Tebulo nambala 7B ), komanso phosphorous. Paziphatikiza izi, dzira la mazira ndi nkhuku, tchizi, mtedza, miyendo imasiyidwa, mkaka ndi wochepa. Ng'ombe, nsomba, mpunga ndi mbatata ziyenera kuphikidwa kawiri m'madzi ambiri, ndikutsitsa madzi oyamba. Njira imeneyi imachepetsa phosphates pafupifupi theka. Pali matebulo apadera kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ndi potaziyamu. Amino acid zowonjezera amamulembera ngati mankhwala Ketteril (Mapiritsi 4-8 katatu patsiku). Mchere wamchere womwe umakhalapo umamangirira ma phosphates m'matumbo.

Ndi matenda aimpso kulephera kwa madigiri 3 amagwiritsidwa ntchito Zakudya nambala 7A kapena No. 7B . Muli mapuloteni 20-25 g kapena 40 g, motsatana. Izi makamaka ndi mapuloteni amtundu wa nyama (mkaka, mazira, nsomba ndi nyama). Nthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito pakudya pochepa mapuloteni zimatengera momwe wodwalayo alili, ndikololedwa kumaloledwa Tebulo nambala 7B , koma motsutsana ndi maziko ake nthawi ndi nthawi (mpaka katatu pa sabata) amabwereranso ku protein yochepa Tebulo nambala 7A .

Kuchuluka kwa mchere kumatha kuwonjezeka mpaka 6-8 g kapena kuposa, koma moyang'aniridwa kuthamanga kwa magazi mkodzo wothira (ngati kuchuluka kwake kuchepa, ndiye kuti mcherewo sukulira). Zakudya zomwe zili pamwambapa sizimapatsa wodwala zosowa zamavitamini, chitsulo, calcium, kotero zakudya zimayenera kuphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala oyenera. Kuteteza matenda a phosphorous ndi calcium, kuchepa kwa phosphorous muzakudya ndi kuchuluka kwa calcium ndizofunikira, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri impso. Ma legamu samachotsedwa chifukwa cha phosphorous yambiri. Calcium imaperekedwanso ngati mankhwala. Sikulimbikitsidwa kudya masamba ndi zipatso zatsopano, chifukwa cha potaziyamu yambiri, amafunika kuwiritsa.

Ndi madigiri 4 aulemu, wodwalayo amapatsidwa chithandizo hemodialysis , chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni kumawonjezeka mpaka kulemera kwa 1.0-1.3 g / kg, popeza pakukonza magazi atayika ma amino acid , mavitamini , kufufuza zinthu ndi oligopeptides. Zakudya ziyenera kukhala zokwanira momwe zingathere. Kuthanso kwa chakudya kumachuluka, komwe kumatheka chifukwa chodya mafuta ochulukirapo (450 g) ndi mafuta (90 g).Kuphatikiza apo, ma amino acid amayamba mu mawonekedwe a mankhwala.

Kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi poyerekeza ndi diuresis. Ngati ntchito ya impso ichulukirachulukira, kuletsa kwamadzi kumayambitsidwa. Zakudya zamchere zimangokhala pa 5-7 g, koma nthawi zambiri zimawerengeredwa payekhapayekha, potengera ziwopsezo zamagazi ndi edema. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti chakudyacho sichichotsa nyama ndi mchere, tchizi, zakudya zamzitini, batala wamchere ndi mkate wamba. Mu odwala a dialysis, ndizofala kwambiri hyperphosphatemia .

Odwala amakhala ndi vuto lakudya, nseru, kusanza, kusintha kukoma. Esophagus ndi m'mimba zimakhudzidwa nthawi zambiri, chifukwa chake mbale ziyenera kuwiritsa kapena kuwotcha, ndipo masuzi (wowawasa komanso okoma ndi wowawasa), zonunkhira, ndi masamba azonunkhira amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupititsa patsogolo kukoma. Nthawi zambiri gwiritsani ntchito masiku osala (apulo, apulo ndi dzungu), omwe amathandiza kuchepetsa acidosis ndi azotemia .

Khalidwe lamavuto matenda ashuga ndi nephropathy . M'mayiko ena, matenda ashuga a m'mimba ndi omwe achititsa kuti anthu achikulire azifa chifukwa cha matenda obanika. Chithandizo cha odwala chotere ndi chovuta kwambiri. Pakulephera kwa impso ndi matenda ashuga, kuwongolera ndi kuwongolera zovuta zamatenda ndizofunikira (Hyperlipidemia , Hyperuricemia ) Zakudya zomanga thupi m'zakudya za odwala otere ndizochepa.

Zakudya nambala 7B Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulephera kwa impso. Kuchokera Zakudya nambala 7A yodziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni, chakudya chonse ndi zopatsa mphamvu. Zakudya Ma tebulo nambala 7A ndi No. 7B yophika yopanda mchere.

Amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito chimanga chofufumitsa chopanda mchere komanso chopanda mchere mpaka 300-400 g patsiku. Popanda, mungathe kudya zipatso za achloride. Zakudya zokhazokha zamasamba ndizowonjezera zamasamba ndi ndiwo zamasamba, mutha kuphika msuzi wa kabichi, borscht ndi msuzi wa beetroot. Kutumikira - 250-350 ml. Ng'ombe yokhala ndi mafuta ochepa, nkhuku, nyama yamwana wamphongo ndi nkhukuzi zimaphika. Pambuyo kuwira, nyamayo ikhoza kuphika kapena yokazinga. Kuwotcha madzi ambiri kumachotsa zinthu za nayitrogeni pazinthu. Gawo 55-60 g. Nsomba zimasankhidwa kuti zizitsamira: Pike, nsomba za pike, hake, safoni ya cod, pollock, cod. Imakonzedwa chimodzimodzi ndi nyama, gawo limafanana. Kaloti, beets, nkhaka, katsabola, tomato, kolifulawa, letesi, parsley, anyezi wobiriwira, phwetekere, mbatata, kabichi amaloledwa mbale zamasamba. Wiritsani masamba kapena mphodza. Zakudya monga mandimu, nyemba zonse ndi pasitala zimachepa kwambiri pakudya. Zakudya zolimbikitsidwa za sago pamadzi mu mawonekedwe a puddings, chimanga, casseroles, pilaf kapena cutlets. Mapuloteni omvera dzira limodzi patsiku. Zipatso ndi zipatso zosiyanasiyana mu zosaphika ndi zophika mawonekedwe. Zomwe zili potaziyamu zimaganiziridwa ngati kuchepa kwake kumanenedwa. Potaziyamu amatayika pamene zipatso zowira. Mwachilolezo cha dokotala, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ma apricots owuma. Ngati palibe zoletsa, mkaka ndi mkaka zimadyedwa mpaka 200-300 g patsiku. Tchizi tchizi chimachotsedwa kapena kudyedwa pang'ono (mpaka 50 g). Msuzi wololedwa pa kirimu wowawasa kapena mkaka, saladi wazipatso ndi zamasamba, vinaigrette wopanda masamba. Tiyi yofooka ndi khofi, misuzi ya zipatso, kulowetsedwa kwa rosehip. Batala ndi masamba.

Zakudya zamankhwala

Madokotala adziwa za kufunika kwa kudya kwa matenda ashuga kwa nthawi yayitali - chinali zakudya zamankhwala munthawi ya insulin isanakhale njira yokhayo yothanirana ndi vutoli.

Kudya kwa matenda amtundu woyamba sikofunikira kwambiri, komwe kumachitika kukomoka kwambiri ngakhale kuwonongeka.

Kwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda, kuperekera zakudya m'thupi nthawi zambiri kumayendetsedwa kuti athe kuwongolera kunenepa komanso matendawo omwe angayambike mosavuta.

Mfundo zoyambira

1. Lingaliro loyamba lazakudya zamafuta amishuga amtundu uliwonse ndizomwe zimatchedwa mkate mkate - lingaliro lamaubwino lofanana ndi magalamu khumi a chakudya.Othandizira amakono apanga magome apadera a mitundu yonse yazinthu zomwe zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa XE pa magalamu 100 a chinthu.

Tsiku lililonse, wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amalimbikitsidwa kutenga zinthu zomwe zili ndi "mtengo" wathunthu wa 12-24 XE - mlingo umasankhidwa payekha, kutengera kulemera kwa thupi, msinkhu komanso msinkhu wochita zolimbitsa thupi kwa wodwalayo. Kusunga tsatanetsatane wazakudya. Zakudya zilizonse zodyedwa ziyenera kulembedwa kuti, ngati zingafunike, wazandalama adakonza dongosolo lazakudya.