Cholesterol mwa akazi ndi chizindikiro mu magazi

Cholesterol imapezeka m'thupi la munthu aliyense. Koma zimachitika pamene kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kupitirira chovomerezeka.

Pankhaniyi, mavuto amatha kuchitika, mwachitsanzo, matenda a mtima. Nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi zoterezi azimayi patatha zaka 50.

Mulingo wanji kwa akazi amisinkhu yosiyanasiyana? Nchiyani chomwe chikuyenera kuchitidwa kuti cholesterol isachuluke, ndipo ndi njira ziti zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa pamene chizindikiro chake chakwera?

Kodi cholesterol yamagazi ndimtundu wanji?

Asayansi atsimikizira kuti kuchuluka kwamafuta acids kumatha kusiyanasiyana ndi zaka. Kuwunikira pafupipafupi kuthandizira kuzindikira zovuta komanso kuchitapo kanthu kuti pasakhale zovuta.

Mutha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi mukamayesedwa.

Zotsatira zake ndi izi:

M'badwo uliwonse uli ndi chizolowezi chake. Achichepere ali ndi malire am'malire. Mwa atsikana omwe ali ndi pakati, amakhalanso osiyana, momwe mulingo wamatupi umakulira. Chizindikiro cha kuchuluka kwa matupi m'magazi chimagawika muzabwino ndi zoyipa.

Gome. Chovomerezeka cha cholesterol chamagazi malinga ndi zaka.

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'mwazi wa mkazi ndizovulaza thupi, koma kupatsidwa izi, kumathandiza thupi kugwira ntchito izi:

• Kupanga kwamaselo,
• Kusintha kwa Vitamini
• Kupanga ma bile
• Kutalikirana kwa khungu
• Kupanga Vitamini D
• Kulimbitsa chitetezo chathupi.

Asayansi atsimikizira kuti kuchuluka kwamafuta acids kumatha kusiyanasiyana ndi zaka.

Kwa oyembekezera

Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi magazi panthawi yazimitsa zimasintha ndipo zimakhala ndi zake. Mwazi umazungulira panthawiyi mwachangu ndipo umanyamula kawiri michere mthupi lonse monga mwa masiku onse.

Izi ndichifukwa choti ziwalo zonse ndi machitidwe zimagwira ntchito, motero zimafunikira michere yambiri.

Kwa mkazi kumayambiriro kwa pakati, chizindikiro chokhazikika ndi 3.5-5.6 mmol. Kenako kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumatha kuchuluka.

Gawo lililonse limasiyana, chifukwa zimatengera momwe thupi limakhalira ndi mayendedwe ake apakati.

Pambuyo pa zaka 40

Kwa akazi amsinkhu uwu, kuchuluka kwa matupi m'magazi ndi 3.8-6.2 mmol pa lita. Nthawi zambiri pa 40, mzimayi samakumana ndi mavuto a cholesterol.

Cholesterol ikakwera, imawonetsa zizindikiro za atherosulinosis:

1. Mawonekedwe achikaso pankhope
2. Ululu m'miyendo yam'munsi
3. Angina pectoris.

Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira pazaka ino kudya mafuta pang'ono. Izi zimathandiza kupewetsa sitiroko.

Muyeneranso kusewera masewera komanso kusiya zizolowezi zoipa.

Zofunikira pakuzindikira kawaida Cholesterol

Kukula kwa cholesterol m'thupi la munthu kumatsimikiziridwa payekhapayekha, kutengera mtundu wanu, kulemera, msinkhu, kutalika ndi mawonekedwe a thupi. Mwa ana, chizindikiro chokhacho chimakhala chotsika kuposa akuluakulu. Kupereka formula imodzi ndikosatheka.

Mwa amuna, chizolowezi chidzakhala chachikulu kuposa azimayi amsinkhu womwewo, koma pambuyo kusintha kwa akazi, akazi amawonjezeranso chizindikiro.

Magazi a cholesterol achuluke amatha kuchuluka mwa amayi nthawi yapakati ndipo izi ndizomwe zimakhazikika.

Mu anthu omwe akudwala matenda a mtima komanso matenda a shuga, mankhwalawa sayenera kucheperachepera anthu amisinkhu imodzimodzi, amuna ndi akazi komanso zikhalidwe, koma osakhala ndi matendawa.

Zonse zimangokhala zokhazokha ndipo zambiri pazomwe cholesterol imayenera kupezeka kuchipatala ukatha maphunziro asayansi oyenera a thupi lanu.

Mutha kuwona zomwe zikuwonetsedwa ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azikhala patebulo pofika zaka zambiri, izi sizinthu zolondola ndipo mutha kungowayang'ana, koma osazitsatira. Tiyeni tiwone cholesterol yomwe munthu wathanzi ayenera kukhala nayo.

Ngati tiwonetsetse zomwe zikuwonetsedwa patebulopo, ndiye kuti malire ndi thanzi azikhala 3.5-5 mmol / l. Malire owonjezereka a chizindikirochi adzawerengedwa kuti akupatuka kuchoka pazomwe zikuchitika, koma apa ndikofunikira kulingaliranso za mawonekedwe anu amthupi.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima kapena matenda a shuga, magazi a cholesterol abwinobwino 4-5 mmol / L amagwira ntchito. Ndizowonetsera izi zomwe sizingathandize kuyambiranso ndikukula.

Pali zinthu zingapo pakuwona zomwe cholesterol wamba ingasinthe. Ndiye chifukwa chake, posankha mtundu wanji wa cholesterol mwa munthu, ndikofunikira kuti musangotengera kukula ndi zidziwitso za abambo, komanso zinthu zina.

Tiyeni tiwone mbali zingapo momwe cholesterol yokhazikika ingachulukire:

1. Nyengo yozizira kunja kwa zenera siyimakhudzanso chisangalalo chathu, komanso imatha kukweza kapena kutsitsa mulingo wamafuta ovuta m'magazi,
2. Msambo umakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa cholesterol mwa anthu,
3. Mimba imatha kuwonjezera cholesterol mpaka 12-15%,
4. Zotupa zoyipa zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ndipo kenako zimapangitsa kukula kwa minofu yam'magazi,
5. Mlingo wa cholesterol m'mwazi, womwe umatanthauzanso matendawa, ungakhale wosiyana. Ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga, angina pectoris, matenda opumira kwambiri, matenda opatsirana pachimake, matenda amtima kapena chithokomiro chokulirapo, ndiye kuti muyezo ungachepe ndi 15%.

Sikuti cholesterol yayikulu yokha ndiyowopsa m'thupi, koma cholesterol yotsika imatha kubweretsa zotsatira zoyipa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti pali chizolowezi cha cholesterol m'magazi a munthu, omwe sangachepe ndikuwonjezeka.

Zomwe zimayenera kukhala mafuta a cholesterol mwa akazi azaka zina, timaphunzirapo:

Kuwonjezeka kwa malire abwinobwino ndi ukalamba kumachitika chifukwa cha mahomoni omwe amakhudzana ndi kusamba kwa msambo.

Zizindikiro za cholesterol yabwinobwino yamafuta kwa amuna titha kuiwona pa tebulo ili:

Ndikofunika kulabadira mulingo wabwinobwino wa cholesterol yamagazi mwa amuna akulu - chizindikiro chake chimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Thupi lamphongo limakonda kuphatikizidwa ndi cholesterol yoyipa chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake a mahomoni.

Ana amabadwa kale ndi cholesterol ya 3 mmol / L. Mulingo wanthawi yanji wa cholesterol mwa ana ndi malo opendekera, amakhulupirira kuti ndi 2,5-5.2 mmol / l.

Ndikofunikira kuyang'anira zakudya za mwana kuti asamwe zakudya zambiri zowononga komanso zamafuta. Magulu abwino a mafuta odzazidwa amakhala zakudya zamkaka, nyama yofiira yamafuta ochepa komanso nkhuku.

Mlingo wabwinobwino wa cholesterol m'mwazi suyenera kukhudza anthu okhawo omwe ali ndi kupatuka kwina kulikonse. Anthu ambiri omwe alibe mavuto pakadali pano ayenera kulabadira zinthu zotsatirazi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta azikhala ndi mafuta ambiri:

• Khalidwe labwino
• Kunenepa kwambiri kapena kunenepa kwambiri
• Khalidweli
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti mafuta azikula kapena achepetse,
• Zizolowezi zoipa (mowa, ndudu),
• Pogwiritsa ntchito mopitilira muyeso kapena moperewera zinthu monga: kirimu, batala, nyama yofiira yamafuta, tchizi tchizi, mkaka, nkhuku,
• Kufika azaka za 40- ndi 50 mwa amuna ndi akazi, motsatana.

Pangozi ndi anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtima komanso matenda osiyanasiyana a mtima.

Zosintha zazing'ono zimabwezeretseka mwachangu komanso mosavuta, chinthu chachikulu ndikuzindikiritsa mu nthawi. Cholesterol abwinobwino amatha "kulipidwa" chifukwa cha zakudya zoyenera, masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso zofunika zina zofunikira kuti mukhale ndi moyo wathanzi.

Muyenera kuchepetsa zakudya zanu, kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi zokha, kuyenda mokwanira ndi mpweya wabwino, kugona mokwanira komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Takonzanso mndandanda wazogulitsa zomwe zimakondedwa kwambiri ndi anthu omwe ali ndi hypercholesterolemia ndipo zithandizira kubweretsanso cholesterol mwachangu:

• Zamasamba ndi masaladi zozikika (makamaka zonunkhira ndi mafuta a azitona kapena mafuta ena),
• Zinthu zamafuta ochepa mkaka,
• Wowotchera, wowiritsa kapena wophika ndi mafuta ochepa, nkhukundu, kalulu, nkhuku ndi nyama ina yamafuta ochepa,
• Mkate wopanda kanthu ndi chinangwa
• Porridge mwanjira iliyonse,
• Ma protein
• Madzi a shuga ochepa
• Zinthu za Soya zamtundu uliwonse,
• Zipatso.

Ngati muli ndi cholesterol yochuluka kwambiri, ndiye kuti malamulowa sangakuthandizeni kubweretsa cholesterol yamagazi. Izi zikutanthauza kufunikira kwa chithandizo chamankhwala ndi dokotala yemwe angakuuzeni za mankhwala onse ofunikira.

Simuyenera kuopa zakudya zokhala ndi cholesterol, chifukwa ndizothandiza m'thupi lathu. Mafuta ovuta a mafuta ndiofunikira m'thupi lathu, koma pokhapokha mlingo wa cholesterol ndi wabwinobwino.

Pambuyo powerenga nkhaniyi, mudaphunzira kuti cholesterol iyenera kukhala chiyani, ndizomwe zili momwe ziliri komanso momwe mungapewere kuopsa kwa kuchuluka kwake. Kugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso ichi ndikofunikira, koma ndikofunikanso kufufuzidwa ndi dotolo panthawi yake ndikutsatira malingaliro ake.

Cholesterol: chizolowezi mu akazi mwa mibadwo ndi chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwake

Thanzi lathu makamaka limatengera kupangidwa kwa magazi. Kusintha kwake kumadzetsa mavuto osiyanasiyana omwe amafunikira kuchipatala. Chaka chilichonse mafuta a cholesterol amakhala osapindulitsa - mafuta achilengedwe achilengedwe.

Milingo ya Lipid imasiyana pazifukwa zambiri. Kwa akazi, mwachitsanzo, izi zimadalira zaka, zazikazi ndi endocrine matenda, pakati, kubadwa, chitetezo chokwanira.

Pafupinso ngati mafuta a organic limagwira ntchito yofunika mthupi, ndikulimbikitsa kukonzanso kwa epithelium pakhungu ndi ziwalo.

1. Imakhala ngati simenti, imathandizira maselo,
2. Kuphatikizika mu nembanemba kumachulukitsa kachulukidwe ndikukupangitsa kuti kuume,
3. Pa maziko a cholesterol, progesterone, androgens, estrogen, testosterone ndi mahomoni ena amapangidwa,
4. Mwanayo, pakukula kwake, amalandira cholesterol kuchokera mkaka wa m'mawere,
5. Cholesterol ndi gawo lofunikira la bile, lomwe limathandiza kuyamwa mafuta, motero, cholesterol,
6. Chakudya chimathandizanso kukhala ndi matumbo oyenera,
7. Vitamini D, wogwiritsidwa ntchito pakukula, thandizo losatetezeka, kaphatikizidwe ka insulin, mahomoni a steroid, amapangidwa kuchokera ku cholesterol mothandizidwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa.

Mu impso, chiwindi, gwero la adrenal, matumbo, 80% ya cholesterol imapangidwa. Thupi limalandiranso wina 20% ndi chakudya. Thupi silisungunuka m'madzi, chifukwa chake limaperekedwa ndi magazi limodzi ndi mapuloteni, omwe amapanga mawonekedwe osungunuka. Izi zimatchedwa lipoprotein.

Pali magulu angapo a lipoproteins: kachulukidwe kakang'ono, otsika kwambiri, okwera, triglycerides, chylomicrons.

Zosiyanasiyana zilizonse zimagwira ntchito yake. LDL ndi yopanda, motero, imakonda kukhazikika ndi kupanga zomatira m'matumbo, ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo cha atherosulinosis. M'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, amatchedwa "cholesterol" yoyipa. HDL imatumiza cholesterol kupita ku chiwindi, komwe kumachotsedwa kowonjezera mthupi.

Kalasi iyi ya lipoproteins ilibe mphamvu ya atherogenic, chifukwa chake imatchedwa cholesterol "yabwino". Kulembera sikutanthauza kuti mtundu woyamba umangovulaza thupi, pomwe winayo ukugwira ntchito ndi phindu.

Kuchulukana kwambiri kwa lipoproteins ndi kowopsa chifukwa nthawi zambiri samakwaniritsa cholinga (chonyamula cholesterol mu cell) ndikukhazikika pabedi lamitsempha. Kuchulukana kwakukulu sikuchotsera mayendedwe oyenera okha, komanso kuthekera kochotsa gawo la malo omwe amapezeka a cholesterol.

Ngakhale LDL ikhoza kuwonedwa ngati wopereka, HDL imagwira gawo la owongolera kuti azilamulira cholesterol yowonjezera. Ngati vuto lachitika, ndipo mtundu woyamba wa lipoprotein walamulira, zoletsa ntchito yachiwiri, kusanthula kwa zamankhwala kumawonetsa cholesterol yowonjezereka.

Sikuti ndi dokotala yekha amene ayenera kudziwa izi - ndi odwala omwe ayenera kuchita mwadzidzidzi.

Asayansi ku Yunivesite ya Boston adaphunzira momwe cholesterol imakhudzira ntchito zamaganizidwe. Mwa odzipereka 1894 omwe adachita nawo zoyesazi, ambiri anali azimayi.

Zotsatira zakuyesa zinawonetsa kuti onse omwe anali ndi cholesterol yochulukirapo anathetsa kupsinjika kwa nzeru ndi 49% moyenera kuposa omwe anali ndi mitengo yotsika.

Zotsatira zake, ambiri amakhala ndi malingaliro akuti cholesterol yapamwamba ndi yabwino. Koma kodi zenizeni zili bwanji?

Palibe moyo wopanda kolesterol, koma pamene kuchuluka kwake kudutsa chotchinga china, kumachotsa makoma ndikutseka zombozo. Katswiri wam magazi akamapezeka pamenepo, amawopseza ndi matenda opha ziwalo, myocardial infarction kapena limbrene miyendo.

Kodi cholesterol ingasinthe mafuta kupita kapena kuchokera m'chiwiya, kutengera zisonyezo zomwe adotolo amaphunzira mu kolesterolo wamba. Nthawi zonse cholesterol ndi 5.5 mmol / l. Kwa triglycerides (TG) mwa akazi, chitsogozo chidzakhala chisonyezo cha 1.5 mmol / L, mwa amuna - mpaka 2 mmol / L. Mafuta omwe amadzaza thupi (nthawi zambiri m'chiuno) amagwira ntchito ngati gwero lamphamvu kwamaselo am'misempha.

Ngati sanawotchedwe, kunenepa kwambiri kumayamba. Kodi molekyu yotchedwa cholesterol imakokera mafuta kuti? Zimatengera magawo awiri: cholesterol "choyipa" - LDL ndi "chabwino" - HDL. Kuwerengera kwa zinthu zonsezi kumawerengedwa pozindikira kuti pali vuto lotani la atherosclerosis.

Kumvetsetsa njirazi kumathandiza kupewa matenda oopsa.

Ngati tisanthula zomwe zimawonetsa cholesterol yeniyeni mwa akazi mwa msinkhu pathebulo (lathunthu

chizindikirocho ndicho kuchuluka kwa mitengo ya LDL ndi HDL), mutha kuwona kuti kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kosintha kumakhala ndi zaka.

Kuti muthane ndi kapangidwe kazinthuzi, muzipereka magazi pafupipafupi kuti mupange maphunziro amitundu mitundu. Kwa amayi omwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira 35, ndikofunikira kuwongolera zizindikiritso zaka ziwiri zilizonse.

Aliyense amene ali pachiwopsezo amawunikira chaka chilichonse. Kuunika kumachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu (maola 8 popanda chakudya).

Pamaso pa matenda amtundu wa endocrine, zakudya ziyenera kutsatiridwa kwa masiku awiri musanatsutse magazi kuchokera mu mtsempha, kupewedwa kwa nkhawa. Ngakhale muzochitika zonse, madokotala nthawi zina amalimbikitsa kubwereza kusanthula kwa biochemical pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri.

Zina zokhudzana ndi zaka zakale za zovomerezeka mwa akazi pambuyo pa / 40/50/60 / zaka:

Mafuta a cholesterol, omwe amakhala wamba mwa akazi, amakhala osavuta kuyerekeza patebulo.

Cholesterol ndi amodzi mwa michere yofunika kwambiri yomwe ilipo m'thupi. Posachedwa, tsopano kwakhala kowoneka bwino kuti aziwunika kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ndikupewa kudya zomwe zili nazo. Kodi njira imeneyi ndi yolondola kuchokera pa sayansi ya zamankhwala?

Choyamba, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti cholesterol si chinthu chomwe chimapangitsa munthu kuvulala kokha. Cholesterol ndi chinthu chachilengedwe m'thupi chomwe chimatenga nawo mbali pamaumboni ambiri. Choyambirira, pamaziko ake pali kuphatikiza kwamahomoni ambiri, makamaka, mahomoni ogonana - testosterone wamwamuna ndi mahomoni achikazi, mahomoni a adrenal - cortisol.

Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti cholesterol ndi zinthu zomanga maselo. Makamaka, ndi gawo la membrane wa maselo. Makamaka ambiri a iwo m'maselo ofiira a m'magazi. Imapezekanso mu ma cell a chiwindi ndi ubongo.Kuphatikiza apo, cholesterol imachita mbali yofunika kwambiri pakukamata, ndikuchita nawo mapangidwe a bile acid. Cholesterol imakhudza kapangidwe ka vitamini D pakhungu ndipo imathandizira kukhalabe ndi chitetezo chokwanira.

Ma cholesterol ambiri mthupi samakhala mwaulere, koma amagwirizanitsidwa ndi mapuloteni apadera - lipoprotein ndi mitundu yama lipoprotein. Mwambiri, kapangidwe ka mankhwala a cholesterol ndichinthu pakati pa mafuta ndi ma alcohols ndipo ndi gawo la mankhwala omwe amapezeka m'mafuta. M'malo ambiri, imakhala yofanana ndi bile. Apa ndipomwe dzina lake limachokera, kutanthauza "bile hard" muchi Greek.

Chifukwa chake, cholesterol ilibe ntchito yofunikira mthupi. Komabe, kodi iwo amene amati cholesterol si yoyenera? Inde, ndichoncho, ndiye chifukwa chake.

Ma cholesterol onse amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri yayikulu - iyi mkulu osachulukitsa lipoprotein (HDL) kapena otchedwa alpha-cholesterol ndi otsika kachulukidwe lipoproteins (LDL). Mitundu yonse iwiri imakhala ndi magazi ake.

Cholesterol wa mtundu woyamba amatchedwa "wabwino", ndipo wachiwiri - "woipa." Kodi mawu ofananawo ndi otani? Ndi chakuti lipoproteins yotsika kwambiri imayikidwa pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi. Amachokera kwa iwo kuti mapangidwe atherosulinotic amapangidwa, omwe amatha kutseka lumen ya zotengera ndikupangitsa matenda oopsa a mtima monga matenda a mtima, kugunda kwa mtima ndi sitiroko. Komabe, izi zimachitika pokhapokha ngati cholesterol “yoyipa” ilipo kwambiri m'magazi ndipo chizolowezi chake chimaposa. Kuphatikiza apo, HDL ndiyo imachotsa LDL pazombo.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti kugawanika kwa cholesterol kukhala "koyipa" ndi "chabwino" ndikotsutsana. Ngakhale LDL ndiyofunikira kwambiri kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito, ndipo ngati muwachotsa, ndiye kuti sangakhale ndi moyo. Zangokhala zakuti kupyola muyezo wa LDL ndizowopsa kuposa kupitirira HDL. Chizindikiro mongacholesterol yathunthu - kuchuluka kwa cholesterol komwe mitundu yake yonse imawerengedwa.

Kodi cholesterol imatha bwanji mthupi? Mosiyana ndi zomwe ambiri amakhulupirira, cholesterol yambiri imapangidwa m'chiwindi, ndipo salowa mthupi ndi chakudya. Ngati tilingalira za HDL, ndiye kuti mtundu wamtunduwu wa lipid umapangidwa pafupifupi m'chiwalochi. Ponena za LDL, ndizovuta kwambiri. Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a cholesterol "yoyipa" imapangidwanso m'chiwindi, koma 20-25% imalowa m'thupi kuchokera kunja. Zikuwoneka ngati zazing'ono, koma kwenikweni, ngati munthu ali ndi cholesterol yoyipa yomwe ili pafupi ndi malire, ndipo kuwonjezera pamenepo zambiri zimabwera ndi chakudya, ndipo kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yabwino kumakhala kochepa, izi zitha kuyambitsa mavuto akulu.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti munthu adziwe cholesterol yomwe ali nayo, momwe ayenera kukhalira. Ndipo sikuti ndi cholesterol kwathunthu, HDL ndi LDL. Cholesterol ilinso ndi kachulukidwe kochepa kwambiri kopoproteins (VLDL) ndi triglycerides. Ma VLDL amapangidwa m'matumbo ndipo ali ndi udindo wonyamula mafuta ku chiwindi. Ndizotsatira zam'mbuyomu za LDL. Komabe, kupezeka kwa cholesterol yamtunduwu m'magazi sikungatheke.

Triglycerides ndi ma estor apamwamba mafuta acids ndi glycerol. Ndi amodzi mwa mafutawa omwe amapezeka mthupi, amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukula komanso kukhala gwero lamphamvu. Ngati chiwerengero chawo chikupezeka paliponse, ndiye kuti palibe chodandaula. China chake ndi kuchuluka kwawo. Pankhaniyi, ndizowopsa monga LDL. Kuwonjezeka kwa triglycerides m'magazi kumawonetsa kuti munthu amamwa mphamvu zambiri kuposa kuwotcha. Matendawa amatchedwa metabolic syndrome. Mwanjira imeneyi, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumawonjezeka, kukakamizidwa kumawuka ndipo madongosolo amafuta amawonekera.

Kutsitsa triglycerides kumatha kuphatikizidwa ndi matenda am'mapapo, hyperthyroidism, ndi kuchepa kwa vitamini C. VLDL ndi mtundu wa cholesterol womwe umafunikanso kwambiri. Ma lipids awa amatenganso gawo lina pakubisa kwamitsempha yamagazi, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti kuchuluka kwawo sikupitilira malire okhazikitsidwa.

Kodi munthu wathanzi ayenera kukhala ndi cholesterol yotani? Pa mtundu uliwonse wa cholesterol m'thupi, chizolowezi chimakhazikitsidwa, zomwe zochulukazo zimakhala ndi zovuta. Pulogalamu yodziwitsa monga atherogenic coefflication imagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Ndiwofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yonse, kupatula HDL, ku HDL yokha. Monga lamulo, gawo ili sayenera kupitirira 3. Ngati chiwerengerochi ndi chachikulu ndikufikira mtengo wa 4, ndiye kuti izi zikutanthauza kuti cholesterol "yoyipa" idzayamba kudziunjikira pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimabweretsa zotsatira zowawa zaumoyo. C cholesterol yonse imakhudzidwanso, zomwe zimasiyana kwa anthu amisinkhu yosiyanasiyana komanso akazi.

Chithunzi: Jarun Ontakrai / Shutterstock.com

Ngati titenga phindu kwa zaka zonse komanso amuna ndi akazi, ndiye kuti cholesterol, yomwe imawonedwa kuti ndi yotetezeka, ndi ya cholesterol yokwanira - 5 mmol / l, ya LDL - 4 mmol / l.

Ndi cholesterol yowonjezereka ndikuzindikira kuthekera kwa matenda amtima, magawo ena azidziwitso amagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro - thyroxine yaulere, cholozera cha prothrombin - gawo lomwe limakhudza kugunda kwa magazi ndi kuwundana kwa magazi, komanso mulingo wa hemoglobin.

Ziwerengero zikuwonetsa kuti 60% ya okalamba ali ndi zomwe zikuwonjezeka za LDL komanso zotsika za HDL.

Komabe, machitidwe, chikhalidwe cha cholesterol m'magazi sichimodzimodzi pamazaka osiyanasiyana, komanso kwa amuna ndi akazi onse. Ndi zaka, nthawi zambiri kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumakwera. Zowona, muukalamba, pambuyo pa m'badwo wina mwa amuna, cholesterol imayamba kutsikanso. Muyezo wa cholesterol yamagazi mwa akazi ndiwopamwamba kuposa amuna. Komabe, kwa akazi, kuyika kwa cholesterol "yoyipa" pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi sikumadziwika bwino. Izi ndichifukwa champhamvu chotchinga cha mahomoni ogonana achikazi.

Mitundu ya cholesterol ya amuna a mibadwo yosiyana

Cholesterol (cholesterol) Ndi chinthu chomwe thupi la munthu limapangidwa atherosclerotic zolembera. Iwo ndi omwe amayambitsa kuwonetsera atherosulinosiskukhala matenda owopsa.

Kodi cholesterol imatha kuweruzidwa ndi tanthauzo la mawuwa, omwe amamasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chigriki kuti "bile bile".

Zodandaula Zamakalasi lipidsamabwera ndi chakudya. Komabe, mwanjira iyi gawo laling'ono lachesi la Chs ndilomwe limalowa m'thupi - pafupifupi 20% ya maChs omwe munthu amalandila makamaka ndi zopangidwa ndi nyama. Gawo lotsalira, lofunikira kwambiri lazinthu izi (pafupifupi 80%) limapangidwa m'chiwindi cha munthu.

Katunduyu m'thupi ndiye chida chofunikira kwambiri chomanga maselo, chimakhudzidwa ndimayendedwe a metabolic, chifukwa amalowa m'zigawo za cell. Ndikofunikanso pakubereka. mahomoni – estrogen, testosteronekomanso cortisol.

Mu thupi laumunthu, Chl yoyera imangopezeka m'mitundu yaying'ono, kukhala gawo la lipoproteins. Makina awa amatha kukhala ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono (kodziwika cholesterol yoyipa ya LDL) ndi kukwera kwambiri (otchedwa cholesterol yabwino).

Zomwe zimayenera kukhala mafuta abwinobwino mkati magazi, komanso cholesterol yabwino komanso yoyipa - zomwe zimakhala mu nkhaniyi.

Zowona kuti ngati zisonyezo za Xc ndizokwera kuposa zabwinobwino, zimanena pafupipafupi komanso mwachangu. Chifukwa chake, anthu ambiri ali ndi malingaliro akuti akatsika cholesterol, ndibwino. Koma kuti machitidwe onse mthupi azitha kugwira ntchito moyenera, chinthu ichi ndi chofunikira kwambiri. Ndikofunikira kuti mwa anthu, cholesterol nthawi zambiri imakhalabe moyo wonse.

Ndi chikhalidwe kupachika mafuta omwe amadziwika kuti ndi oyipa komanso abwino. Cholesterol chotsika (choyipa) ndimomwe chimakhazikika pamakoma mkati mwa zotengera ndikupanga zolembera. Ili ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono kapena kotsika kwambiri, kamaphatikizidwa ndi mitundu yapadera ya mapuloteni - ma apoprotein. Zotsatira zake, amapangidwa mafuta-protein mapuloteni VLDLP. Ndi chifukwa chakuti chizolowezi cha LDL chikukwera, chikhalidwe chowopsa chaumoyo chimadziwika.

VLDL - ndi chiyani, chizindikiritso cha chizindikiro ichi - zambiri izi zitha kupezeka kuchokera kwa katswiri.

Tsopano chizolowezi cha LDL mwa amuna komanso chizolowezi cha LDL mwa akazi pambuyo pa zaka 50 ndipo pa zaka zazing'ono zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kusanthula kwa cholesterol ndipo akuwonetsedwa ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zasayansi, magawo otsimikiza ndi mg / dl kapena mmol / l. Muyenera kumvetsetsa, kutsimikiza LDL, kuti uwu ndi mtengo womwe katswiri amayenera kupenda ndikupereka chithandizo choyenera ngati LDL cholesterol itakwezedwa. Zomwe izi zikutanthauza zimatengera zizindikiro. Chifukwa chake, mwa anthu athanzi labwino, chizindikirochi chimawoneka chabwinobwino pamlingo wochepera 4 mmol / l (160 mg / dl).

Ngati kuyezetsa magazi kwatsimikizira kuti cholesterol imakwezedwa, zoyenera kuchita muyenera kufunsa dokotala. Monga lamulo, ngati kufunikira kwa cholesterol yotereyo kumachuluka, izi zikutanthauza kuti wodwalayo adzauzidwa chakudyakapena vutoli liyenera kuthandizidwa ndimankhwala.

Funso lomwe limatsutsa ndikuti amwe mapiritsi a cholesterol. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ma statins samachotsa zifukwa zomwe cholesterol imakwera. Ndi za matenda ashugakusuntha kochepa kunenepa. Madera zimangoletsa kupanga chinthuchi mthupi, koma nthawi yomweyo zimayambitsa zovuta zina. Nthawi zina akatswiri a zamankhwala amati kugwiritsa ntchito ma statins ndi owopsa kwa thupi kuposa mitengo yowonjezereka cholesterol.

• Mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtima. angina pectorispambuyo sitirokongakhale myocardial infaration, cholesterol iyenera kukhala pansi pa 2,5 mmol / l kapena 100 mg / dl.
• Omwe alibe matenda a mtima, koma omwe ali ndi ziwopsezo zoposa ziwiri, amafunikira kuti azisunga ma Ch ku 3.3 mmol / L kapena pansi pa 130 mg / dl.

Cholesterol yoyipa imatsutsidwa ndi omwe amadziwika kuti abwino - HDL cholesterol. Kodi kukachuluka kwa lipoprotein cholesterol ndi chiyani? Ndi chofunikira kwambiri pathupi, chifukwa chimagwira mafuta amthupi m'makoma amitsempha yamagazi, kenako imathandizira kutaya kwake mu chiwindi, komwe imawonongeka. Anthu ambiri amafunsa kuti ngati HDL itsitsidwa, zimatanthauzanji? Tiyenera kudziwa kuti izi ndizowopsa, chifukwa atherosulinosis imangokhala osati motsutsana ndi maziko a cholesterol yotsika kwambiri, komanso ngati LDL itatsitsidwa. Ngati cholesterol ya HDL ndi yokwera, izi zikutanthauza chiyani, muyenera kufunsa katswiri.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake njira yosasangalatsa kwambiri mwa akulu ndi pamene kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yochepa kumawonjezereka ndipo mulingo wazopindulitsa umatsitsidwa. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, pafupifupi 60% ya anthu okalamba ali ndizisonyezo izi. Ndipo posakhalitsa ndizotheka kuzindikiritsa izi ndikutsata moyenera chithandizo, kumachepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi matenda owopsa.

Cholesterol yabwino, mosiyana ndi cholesterol yoyipa, imapangidwa ndi thupi lokha, kotero, sizingathandize kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwake mwa kudya zakudya zina.

Mlingo wa cholesterol wabwino mwa akazi ndiwocheperako kuposa mafuta abwinobwino a HDL mwa amuna. Malangizo ofunikira kwambiri m'mene mungakulitsire magazi ake ndi awa: ndikofunikira kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, pomwe nthawi yake amapanga. Ngakhale mutamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse kunyumba, izi sizingangowonjezera HDL, komanso kuchepetsa ma cholesterol oyipa omwe amabwera m'thupi ndi chakudya.

Ngati munthu atenga chakudya chomwe cholesterol imakhala kwambiri, kuti ayambitsa kutulutsa kwake, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti minofu yamagulu onse imagwira ntchito.

Chifukwa chake, iwo amene akufuna kuti muyezo wa LDL ndi HDL ubwezeretsedwe ayenera:

• kusuntha kwambiri (makamaka iwo amene ali ndi vuto la mtima, stroko),
• zolimbitsa thupi moyenera
• kuchita zolimbitsa thupi (osagwirizana ndi contraindication).

Mutha kuonjezeranso kuchuluka kwa ma Ch abwino mwa kumwa mowa wochepa. Komabe, sizingakhale choncho kuti zikhale zoposa chikho chimodzi cha vinyo wowuma patsiku.

Ndikofunikira kulingalira kuti kulemera kwambiri kumawopseza kupondereza kaphatikizidwe ka Chs.

Kuti athe kudziwa bwino kuyezetsa magazi, ayenera kuganizira zomwe zimapezeka mu cholesterol m'magazi a munthu.

Pali mndandanda wa zikhalidwe za cholesterol kwa akazi azaka, pomwe, ngati kuli kotheka, mutha kudziwa zomwe zimachitika mu cholesterol mwa akazi pambuyo pa zaka 50, zomwe zimadziwika kuti ndizochulukirapo mwa amayi adakali aang'ono. Chifukwa chake, wodwalayo amatha kudziwa payekha ngati cholesterol yake imakwezedwa kapena kutsitsidwa ndikuyang'ana kwa dokotala yemwe angathandize kudziwa zifukwa zomwe zimakhala zotsika kapena zapamwamba. Ndi dokotala yemwe amasankha mtundu wa mankhwala omwe ayenera kukhala, zakudya.

• Mulingo wa cholesterol m'magazi kwa akazi ndi abambo ndi HDL, ngati mawonekedwe a mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi ndi abwinobwino, ndiwokwera kuposa 1 mmol / l kapena 39 mg / dl.
• Mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amitsempha yamagazi omwe adadwala matenda a stroko kapena mtima, chisonyezo chiyenera kukhala chofanana ndi 1-1.5 mmol / l kapena 40-60 mg / dl.

Kuwunikidwaku kumathandizanso kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yathunthu mwa akazi ndi amuna, ndiye kuti, momwe cholesterol yabwino komanso yolakwika imakhudzirana.

Cholesterol chonse m'magazi sayenera kupitirira 5.2 mmol / l kapena 200 mg / dl.

Ngati chizolowezi mu anyamata chitha kupitirira pang'ono, ndiye kuti ichi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri.

Palinso mndandanda wa miyambo ya cholesterol mwa amuna ndi mibadwo, malinga ndi momwe cholesterol mwa amuna imatsimikiziridwa mosavuta, zizindikiro zake pamibadwo yosiyana. Kuchokera pagome lolingana, mutha kudziwa kuti ndi hlu-cholesterol iti yomwe imawoneka ngati yoyenera

Komabe, kuti muwone ngati mulingo wabwinobwino mwa amuna ndi akazi ulidi ndi chizindikirocho, choyambirira, muyenera kukayezetsa magazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kudziwa zomwe zili mu cholesterol yathunthu, komanso zomwe zili m'zisonyezo zina - otsika kapena shuga wambiri, etc.

Kupatula apo, ngakhale chizolowezi cha cholesterol chokwanira chikuchuluka, ndiye kuti ndizosatheka kudziwa zizindikiro kapena zizindikiro zapadera za vutoli. Ndiye kuti, munthu sazindikira kuti chizolowezicho chimapitilira, ndipo mitsempha yake yamagazi imatsekeka kapena kufupika, mpaka atazindikira kuti akumva kupweteka mumtima, kapena mpaka kugunda kwa mtima kapena kugunda kwa mtima.

Chifukwa chake, ngakhale munthu wathanzi wazaka zilizonse, ndikofunikira kuyesa ndikuwunika ngati cholesterol yovomerezeka ndiyopitirira. Komanso, aliyense ayenera kuletsa kuwonjezeka kwa izi kuti apewe kutukula kwa atherosermosis ndi matenda ena akulu mtsogolo.

Ndani ayenera kuyang'anira cholesterol

Ngati munthu ali wathanzi, samawonetsa zizindikiro zoyipa, safunikira kuganizira zam'matumbo kapena kuwona ngati mulingo wabwinobwino Cholesterin m'thupi zimachitika. Ichi ndichifukwa chake nthawi zambiri odwala poyamba samaganizira za kuchuluka kwa chinthu ichi.

Makamaka mosamala komanso pafupipafupi kuyeza chizindikiro ichi ndikofunikira kwa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa, omwe ali ndi mavuto amtima komanso mitsempha yamagazi. Kuphatikiza apo, zowonetsa pakuwunika pafupipafupi zimakhala ndi magulu awa:

• kusuta anthu
• odwala matenda oopsa,
• anthu onenepa kwambiri
• odwala matenda a mtima dongosolo,
• amene amakonda kukhala pansi.
• akazi pambuyo kusintha kwa thupi,
• Amuna atakwanitsa zaka 40,
• anthu okalamba.

Iwo omwe akuyenera kukayezetsa magazi a cholesterol ayenera kufunsa akatswiri oyenerera momwe angayesere mayeso a cholesterol. Momwe amapangira magazi, kuphatikiza cholesterol, amatsimikiza kuyesa kwamwazi wamagazi. Momwe mungaperekere magazi a cholesterol? Kusanthula kotereku kumachitika m'chipatala chilichonse, chifukwa, pafupifupi 5 ml ya magazi imatengedwa kuchokera kumitsempha ya ulnar.Omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi momwe angaperekere magazi ayenera kuganizira kuti asanazindikire izi, wodwalayo sayenera kudya kwa theka la tsiku. Komanso, munthawi yopereka magazi, sikofunikira kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri.

Palinso kuyesa kwapadera kogwiritsidwa ntchito kunyumba. Awa ndi ma waya oyesera omwe ndi osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Chosindikizira chosunthika chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu omwe matenda ashugalipid kagayidwe kachakudya.

Kuti mudziwe ngati cholesterol yathunthu imakwezedwa, mutha kuyezetsa magazi mu labotale. Ngati cholesterol yokwanira imakwezedwa, zimatanthawuza momwe angachitire, ndipo adotolo amafotokozera zonse zokhudzana ndi mankhwalawa. Koma mutha kuyesa kuti mudziwe nokha zotsatira zakumayesowo. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kudziwa kuti kusanthula kwa biochemical kumakhala ndizisonyezo zitatu: LDL cholesterol, cholesterol ya HDL ndi cholesterol yonse.

Lipidogram- Uku ndi kufufuza kwathunthu komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wopenda kagayidwe ka lipid m'thupi, komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wofufuza momwe metabolida a lipid amachitikira ndikuwerengera chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi matenda a mtima.

Kusankha koyenera kwa mawonekedwe a magazi a lipid ndikofunikira komanso kuchokera pakuwunika pakuwunika kufunikira kwa kutenga ma statins, mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa mankhwalawa. Ma Statin ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi zovuta zambiri, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wokwera kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kutengera zomwe zili - mbiri ya lipid, kusanthula uku kumakupatsani mwayi wofufuza kuti mudziwe magazi a anthu ndikupereka mankhwala othandiza kwambiri kwa wodwala.

Indedi, cholesterol yathunthu ndi chisonyezo chakuti mwa icho chokha sichimapangitsa kuyesa bwino za kuwoneka kwa atherosulinosis mwa wodwala. Ngati cholesterol yathunthu ndi yokwera, choti muchite ikhoza kuyesedwa ndi magulu athunthu azidziwitso. Chifukwa chake, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zatsimikiziridwa:

• HDL (alpha cholesterol) - zimatsimikiziridwa kuti lipoproteins yapamwamba kwambiri imachulukitsidwa kapena kuchepetsedwa. Amadziwikanso, posankha magawo a b-lipoprotein, kuti chinthu ichi chimagwira ntchito yoteteza, kupewa chitukuko cha atherosulinosis.
• LDL- otsika osalimba lipoproteins achulukitsidwa kapena kuchepa. Mokulira beta cholesterol, m'pamenenso zochita za ma atherosselotic zimayamba.
• VLDL- lipoproteins otsika kachulukidwe, chifukwa cha iwo ma lipids otengedwa amapezeka mu plasma. Zophatikizidwa ndi chiwindi, ndizofunikira kwambiri za LDL. Ma VLDLPs amatenga nawo mbali popanga ma atherosulinotic malo.
• Triglycerides- Izi ndi zigawo za mafuta achilengedwe komanso glycerol. Awa ndi mayendedwe amtundu wamafuta, chifukwa chake, zomwe zimawonjezeka zimathandiziranso kuopsa kwa atherosulinosis.

Zomwe zimayenera kukhala cholesterol yokhazikika, yotsimikizika kutengera zaka, zitha kukhala zosiyana kwa azimayi ndi abambo. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti nambala yeniyeni yomwe cholesterin yodziwika siiyo. Pali malingaliro okha omwe mlozera mawu uyenera kukhala. Chifukwa chake, ngati chizindikirocho chiri chosiyana ndi kupatuka pamlingo, ndiye kuti uwu ndi umboni wa matenda aliwonse.

Komabe, omwe ati awonetsetsetsetsetsetse ayenera kukumbukiranso kuti zolakwika zina zimaloledwa pakuwunika. Zambiri kuchokera phunziroli zidawonetsa kuti mu 75% ya malo ogulitsa dzikolo zolakwazo zimaloledwa. Kodi mungatani ngati mukufuna kupeza zotsatira zenizeni? Ndikofunika kuchita kusanthula motere m'ma labotale omwe amatsimikiziridwa ndi All-Russian Central Testing Center (Invitro, etc.)

1. 
   Dreval, A.V. Kupewa kwamachulukidwe amakono a shuga mellitus / A.V. Zongopeka, I.V. Misnikova, Yu.A. Kovaleva. - M: GEOTAR-Media, 2013 .-- 716 p.
2. 
   Chernysh, Pavel Glucocorticoid-metabolic theory of 2 shuga mellitus / Pavel Chernysh. - M: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2014 .-- 901 p.
3. 
   Daeidenkoea E.F., Liberman I.S. Mitundu ya matenda ashuga. Leningrad, yosindikiza nyumba "Mankhwala", 1988, 159 mas.

Ndiloleni ndidziwitse. Dzina langa ndi Elena. Ndakhala ndikugwira ntchito ya endocrinologist kwa zaka zoposa 10. Ndikukhulupirira kuti pakadali pano ndili katswiri pantchito yanga ndipo ndikufuna kuthandiza alendo onse omwe amapezeka pamalowo kuti athetse zovuta osati ntchito. Zinthu zonse za tsambalo amazisonkhanitsa ndikuzikonza mosamala kuti athe kufotokoza zambiri zofunikira. Musanagwiritse ntchito zomwe zikufotokozedwa pa webusaitiyi, kufunsana ndi akatswiri ndizofunikira nthawi zonse.

Zabwino (HDL) komanso zoyipa (LDL): ndi mfundo ziti zomwe ndiyenera kuyang'ana?

Cholesterol (Chol, XC) ndi yopanda zakumwa, motero, imayenda m'magazi momwe amapangira mafuta a protein - lipoproteins (Lp, LP).

C cholesterol yathunthu (TS, OXC) - voliyumu yonse ya LP m'magazi, imagawidwa m'magawo angapo:

• "Choipa" cholesterol (LDL, LDL) ndi mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu, pomwe pamaso pa zinthu zoyambitsa "zimataya" cholesterol yaulere inayake yomwe imayikidwa mkati mwa mitsempha.
• "Chabwino" cholesterol (HDL, HDL) ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amakhala ndi zotsutsana, ndiye kuti, amatsuka zombozo, ndikulanda mafuta m'thupi omwe amakhala nawo ndikuwachotsa ndi bile.

Pazotsatira za cholesterol yokhazikika (hypercholesterolemia), cholinga chake ndikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa LDL ngati kachigawo kakang'ono kwambiri, koma chidziwitso chokwanira ndicho kuchuluka kwa LDL (70-75%) ndi HDL (25-30%), popeza kuwonjezeka kwa chisonyezo chimodzi khalani ngozi wamba.

Muyezo wa cholesterol yamagazi mwa akazi pofika zaka: gome

Anthu onse amafunikira lipoprotein yathunthu, koma ochulukirapo, zomwe zimatengera mawonekedwe a chinthu china.

Malingaliro a cholesterol mwa akazi m'badwo uliwonse amaperekedwa pagome la ambiri manambala:

Atsikana achichepere (Zaka 14-30) nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mitengo yotsika - 3.21-5.75 mmol / l, chifukwa njira yawo yoberekera imagwiritsa ntchito lipids popanga mahomoni ogonana. Pambuyo pake (zaka 30 mpaka 40), pamene kagayidwe kazakudya kamachepa, ndipo thupi salinso wochotsa cholesterol yakunja pamlingo womwewo, otetezeka amawonjezeka pang'ono - 3.37-6.27 mmol / L.

Mukadzakula (40-50 zaka) kuchepa kwa ntchito yobereka kumachitika, ndiye kuti, kupanga ma estrogener omwe amachititsa kuti lipids lipereke, motero, chizolowezi chawo chimakulirakulira - 3,81-6.86 mmol / l. Kumayambiriro kwa kusintha kwa kusintha kwa thupi (zaka 50-60) chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ntchito yamchiberekero, mafuta ambiri a cholesterol amakhalabe osatchulidwa, omwe amawonjezera mtengo wake - 4.20-7.69 mmol / l

Amayi okalamba (Zaka 60-70), kudziunjikira kokwanira kwa zinthu zovulaza, komanso matenda osachiritsika, mosalephera kumabweretsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yamagazi - 4.45-7.25 mmol / L, ndipo mulingo wake uyenera kukhala wofanana nthawi zonse.

Sinthani pakati mimba

Mlingo wabwinobwino wa cholesterol mwa amayi omwe amakhala ndi mwana amatha kukhala wosiyana ndi nthawi 1.5-2, chifukwa chakufunikira kwakukulu kwa kapangidwe ka "mahomoni apakati" - progesterone. Kuphatikiza apo, amafunika kuti apange chiwalo chatsopano - placenta ndi vitamini D, zomwe zimalimbikitsa kuyamwa kwa calcium, zomwe mwana amafunikira.

Mwa amayi apakati, kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi kumadaliranso.

Pambuyo pa kubala, zizindikiritso zimabwezeretsedwa, koma nthawi zina zimatha kupitilira mpaka nthawi ya mkaka wa m'mawere - izi ndizovomerezeka pazikhalidwe zathupi.

Chochititsa nkhawa ndi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yachilendo koposa 2-2.5 nthawi: motere, zikuwopseza thanzi la mkazi iye mwini komanso kukula kwa mwana wosabadwayo.

Kodi chiwopsezo chopitilira muyeso ndi ziti ndizoyambitsa?

Zomwe zimayambitsa hypercholesterolemia zimatha kukhala kusabereka kwamkati m'thupi kapena kudziwonetsa kunja:

• zonyansa zamtundu - alipoproteinemia, hyperlipidemia wa m'mbuyomu, polygenic ndi cholowa cholandilira hypercholesterolemia,
• kusokonezeka kwa endocrine - chithokomiro cha chithokomiro (hypothyroidism), Type 1 ndi Type 2abetes,
• matenda a ziwalo zoberekera - Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) ndi uterine fibroids,
• matenda a impso ndi chiwindi - hepatitis, cirrhosis, jaundice wovuta, pyelonephritis, kulephera kwaimpso,
• moyo wopanda thanzi - zakudya zopanda thanzi, masewera olimbitsa thupi, kunenepa kwambiri, kusowa tulo komanso kupanikizika,
• kumwa mankhwala ena - beta-blockers, thiazide diuretics, mankhwala a steroid ndi anticoagulant.

Kapangidwe ka madongosolo pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi chifukwa chokwanira cholesterol m'magazi.

Mafuta a cholesterol okwera kwambiri m'magazi amatsogolera ku mapangidwe a atherosulinotic, zotsatira zake zimadalira malo omwe amapezeka:

• minofu yamtima - kugunda kwa mtima, angina pectoris, ischemia (IHD), mitral stenosis ndi mtima,
• bongo - stroke, migraine, intracerebral ndi subarachnoid hemorrhage, kukulitsa dementia (dementia),
• miyendo yotsika - kutupa kwamitsempha (thrombophlebitis) ndi necrosis ya minofu (gangrene) yamiyendo, zilonda zam'mimba zosachiritsa, endestitis.

Pafupipafupi, cholesterol amana imadziunjikira m'matumbo a impso, m'mimba, m'maso, kapena m'mitsempha yayikulu ya thupi - msempha: chomaliza chimakhala chowopsa chifukwa chitha kuwononga kukhulupirika kwa makoma ake, omwe mu 90% ya milandu amachititsa kutsika magazi kwambiri ndi kufa.

Patatha zaka 50

Pazaka izi, mawonekedwe adzakhala 4-7 mmol. Pamene cholesterol ili munthawi imeneyi, ndiye musadandaule zaumoyo. Kupatuka pang'ono panjira yololeka kumaloledwa, chifukwa nthawi imeneyi thupi limasintha.

Ngati zopatikazo zili zazikulu, ndiye muyenera kufunsa dokotala.

Ndikofunikira pazaka izi kuwonetsetsa kuti cholesterol sikugwa. Ndi kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwake, thandizo la madokotala likufunanso.

Ichi chikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha:

Zizindikiro zakuphwanya

Magawo oyamba a hypercholesterolemia samatsatiridwa ndi kusintha kwina kulikonse, kotero mwanjira imatha kupezeka pokhapokha chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha atherosulinosis chikuyamba kuwonekera:

• kusapeza bwino, kupweteka mumtima ndi hypochondrium, kugunda kwamtima kosakhazikika,
• kuchuluka kwa nkhawa (matenda oopsa), chizungulire, masomphenya osasangalatsa,
• kutupa, kupweteka, dzanzi, kuphwanya kwa manja ndi miyendo,
• kutopa kwambiri, kufooka, kugona, kapena, kusowa tulo,
• kupuma moyipa (halitosis), chopondapo chopumira (kutsegula m'mimba) kapena kudzimbidwa

Nthawi zina milomo ya lipid imapanga ndege zazing'ono zozungulira (xanthomas) kumaso, manja ndi ziwalo zina za thupi (kawirikawiri), komanso ma arcs kapena mikondo (gerontoxones) ya imvi yopepuka kumalire akunja a iris.

Xanthomas monga chifukwa cha chitukuko cha atherosulinosis.

Kodi mungachepetse bwanji chizindikirocho kuti chikhale chofanana ndi chake?

Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi m'njira zonse: chifukwa chake, zakudya zimalumikizidwa nthawi yomweyo ndi zochitika zolimbitsa thupi ndipo ngati kuli koyenera, mankhwala ndi omwe amapatsidwa.

Ngati hypercholesterolemia ndi chifukwa cha matenda ena, ndiye kuti pamafunika kuchiritsidwa kapena kuthandizidwa ngati sichitha.

Zakudya Zabwino Komanso Zakudya

Kuchepetsa cholesterol yamagazi, zakudya zapadera za hypocholesterol (tebulo) No. 10, yopangidwa ndi M. I. Pevzner, ndiyoyenera:

Mafuta athanzi komanso osapatsa thanzi.

Kuchepetsa kwa mafuta ambiri a cholesterol - nyama yamafuta, nkhuku ndi khungu, mafuta, offal ndi mkaka wathunthu.

Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku zimagawidwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a 5-6. Pazakudya, mungathe kudya, mwachitsanzo, apulo, lalanje, nkhaka kapena kapu ya yogurt yamafuta ochepa.

Moyo

Momwe mungakulitsire cholesterol yabwino.

Khalidwe losakhala bwino limasokoneza kuvomerezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa mitsempha yamagazi, yomwe imapangitsa kuti mafuta ena azikula, motero tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisinthe ndi hypercholesterolemia:

• lekani kusuta ndi kumwa mowa,
• osamwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa,
• pewani kupsinjika ndi mikangano nthawi zonse
• kugona mokwanira (maola 8),
• sinthani matendawa komanso kusamalira thupi
• kuchita nawo masewera okwanira.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi a Aerobic kumakhala koyenera ngati zochitika zolimbitsa thupi: kusambira, kuyenda mwamphamvu, kuthamanga, masewera olimbitsa thupi a Cardio komanso kuvina mosangalatsa. Pa nthawi yamakalasi, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti zimachitika kuti sizikukwera kuposa 80% ya pafupipafupi.

Mapangidwe a mapilowo

Ngati mulingo wa cholesterol woposa malire wololedwa ndipo sungathe kuchepetsedwa kwa nthawi yayitali ndi njira zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, ndiye kuti mankhwala a lipid omwe amatsitsa amaperekedwa kwa odwala:

ma statins (atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, simvastatin) - tikuletsa kupanga ma enzyme ofunikira kuti pakhale mafuta a cholesterol:

Pambuyo pa zaka 60

Kwa akazi omwe ali ndi zaka zino, mafuta enieni a cholesterol ndi 4.5-7.6 mmol pa lita. Zikhala bwino chidziwitso chikakhala mpaka 65. Kenako chizolowezicho chitha kusintha.

Pambuyo pa amayi 60 ayenera kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa matupi m'magazi. Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kungayambitse matenda a mtima.

Kuzindikira koyipa kwakanthawi kumathandizira kuyambitsa chithandizo chanthawi. Izi zipangitsa kuti pasakhale zovuta mtsogolo.

Pambuyo pa amayi 60 ayenera kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa matupi m'magazi.

Chifukwa chiyani cholesterol ikukwera?

Malinga ndi akatswiri, zochulukazo zimapangidwa ndi thupi lokha, pomwe zotsalazo zimabwera ndi chakudya. Chifukwa chake, pakuwonjezereka kwa cholesterol, kukayikira kwa chida chogwira ntchito kungayambike.

Nthawi zambiri atsikana azaka 35 samakumana ndi vuto lotere. Zimachitika ndi zaka ndipo zimawonekera pambuyo pa 55.

Pakadali pano, matupi amakula pazifukwa zotsatirazi:

1. Matenda a shuga
2. Matenda a impso,
3. Khalidweli
4. Matenda a chiwindi
5. Matenda oopsa
6. Mimba
7. Matenda a kapamba
8. Mowa

Kuyesedwa koyipa kumatha kukhala ndi zakudya zosayenera. Zakudya ndizofunikira. Ndikofunika kusiya mafuta ndi mchere.

Muyenera kudya mavitamini ambiri.

Zizindikiro Zoperewera

Mkhalidwe wamatumbo ukasokonekera, mkazi amatha kukhala ndi zizindikiro zosasangalatsa. Izi matenda amachitika ndi nkhawa, kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi mfundo zina.

Kusokonezeka kwa magazi kumapangitsa kuti kugona kugoneke, kumadziwonetsera mu kupweteka mumutu, kuiwalika.

Popita nthawi, maselo omwe amakhala muubongo amasiya kulandira chakudya kuchokera ku magazi ndikufa.

Matenda a miyendo amathanso kuvutikira. Zala zawo zimasowa, chifukwa sakhala ndi mpweya komanso mavitamini kuchokera m'magazi, kutentha kwa miyendo ndi manja kumasintha, ndipo khungu limasunthika. Popita nthawi, zilonda zimatuluka pakhungu, zomwe zimayambitsa kuduladuka.

Kuzindikira koyambira

Kuti mudziwe bwino ndi kudziwa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa matenda. Mwa izi, mkazi amapereka magazi kuti awunikidwe. Kutengera kuyesedwa koteroko, adotolo amasankha njira ina yoperekera chithandizo.

Ngati kuyezetsa magazi mu labotale kutsimikiza:

1. Ma protein
2. Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol
3. Kukhalapo kwa triglycerides.

Musanapatse mayeso, muyenera kukonzekera. Kwa maola 12 pamaso pake palibe chifukwa chodya ndi kumwa mowa.M'mawa wa tsiku loyesa, muyenera kukana kutsuka mano ndi utsi. Palibe zoletsa zina.

Kuyesedwa kotere kumalimbikitsidwa zaka zitatu zilizonse, makamaka kwa iwo omwe ali pachiwopsezo.

Zoyenera kuchita ndi cholesterol yayikulu ndikutanthauza chiyani?

Ndikofunikira kuti munthu aliyense aziwona pafupipafupi zomwe zikuchitika komanso kuyesa kusunga kufunika kwake mkati mwa zomwe zikuwonetsa. Kupanda kutero, ma mtima ndi ma myocardial pathologies amawoneka.

Ngati kupatuka kwazizolowezi kwapezeka, muyenera kuyamba kudya pomwe. Ili ndiye lamulo loyamba.

Malamulo azakudya ndi awa:

• Osamadya mwachangu,
• Mafuta a maolivi m'malo mwa batala,
• Kuyambira mazira mpaka kudya mapuloteni,
• Nyemba ziyenera kuphatikizidwa muzakudya,
• Kuchulukitsa zipatso.

Zithandizo za anthu

Mankhwala wowerengeka, amapatsidwa mankhwala omwe angathandize kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi.

Njira zodalirika kwambiri komanso izi:

1. Tincture wa ndevu zagolide,
2. Chakumwa cha Dandelion
3. Garlic ndi mandimu
4. Propolis mowa tincture,
5. Phulusa laphiri.

Kusankha kwa njira ndi regimen zimadalira dokotala komanso momwe wodwalayo alili. Kukhazikika kosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndikuloledwa.

Palibe choopsa kwa thupi ndi mafuta ochepa m'mafuta.

Green Tiyi Ginger Cinnamon Fish Watsopano Garlic

Kupewa

Pofuna kupewa kuchepa, kapena kuchuluka, ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo amenewa:

• Khazikitsani kuchuluka kwamafuta m'thupi,
• Nthawi zonse imwani mankhwalawa adokotala.
• Sinthani ntchito ya m'mimba,
• Kuchepetsa thupi
• Khalani ndi moyo wokangalika.

Pomaliza

Zinakhazikitsidwa kuti chizolowezi cha cholesterol ndi chisonyezo champhamvu chomwe chimatha kusiyanasiyana malinga ndi zaka komanso jenda, komanso kupezeka kwa matenda ophatikizana mthupi.

Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti azikufufuzidwa pafupipafupi ndi dokotala kuti zinthu zisamayende bwino komanso kupewa zovuta.