Kodi matenda ashuga a 2 ndi otani?

Zikondazo zimatulutsa insulin ya mahomoni, yomwe imalola maselo kusintha glucose kukhala mphamvu. Mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri, timadzi timeneti timatulutsa, koma sagwiritsidwa ntchito mokwanira. Madokotala amatcha kukana kwa insulini. Choyamba, kapamba amapanga insulin yambiri, kuyesa kulipirira insulin. Koma pamapeto, shuga wamagazi amayamba kukwera. Nthawi zambiri, matenda a shuga a 2 amayamba chifukwa cha zifukwa zotsatirazi:

• Kunenepa kwambiri komanso kunenepa kwambiri kungayambitse kukana insulini, makamaka ngati mapaundi owonjezera amaikidwa mchiuno. Pakadali pano, kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga kwa ana ndi achinyamata kwachuluka, komwe kumalumikizidwa kwambiri ndi kunenepa kwawo.
• Metabolic syndrome. Anthu omwe amadana ndi insulin nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, mafuta ochulukirapo mozungulira mchiuno mwawo, komanso kuchuluka kwa glucose, cholesterol, ndi magazi a triglycerides.
• Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Mwazi wa magazi ukatsitsidwa, chiwindi chimapanga ndipo chimabisa shuga. Mukatha kudya, monga lamulo, mulingo wa glycemia umakwera, ndipo chiwindi chimayamba kusunga glucose wamtsogolo. Koma mwa anthu ena, ntchito za chiwindizi sizovomerezeka.
• Kusokonekera kwa mgwirizano pakati pa maselo. Nthawi zina m'maselo a thupi mumakhala zovuta zomwe zimasokoneza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a insulin kapena glucose, omwe angayambitse matenda ashuga a 2.

Zinthu zotsatirazi zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a shuga 2:

• Zaka (zaka 45 ndi zina).
• Achibale apafupi (makolo, mlongo kapena mchimwene wake) omwe ali ndi matendawa.
• Zinthu zopanda thupi.
• Kusuta.
• Kupsinjika
• Kugona kwambiri kapena pang'ono.

Chithunzi cha kuchipatala

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga zimayamba chifukwa chakuti glucose ambiri amakhalabe m'magazi ndipo sagwiritsidwa ntchito mphamvu. Thupi limayesetsa kuchotsa zochuluka mu mkodzo. Zizindikiro zazikulu za shuga zamtundu uliwonse:

• Kutupa kwa mkodzo wambiri (polyuria), makamaka usiku.
• Ludzu lalikulu.
• Kutopa kwakukulu.
• Kuchepetsa thupi.
• Kuyenda mozungulira kumaliseche kapena pafupipafupi.
• Kuchira pang'onopang'ono kwa mabala kapena mabala aliwonse.
• Zowonongeka.

Ndi matenda a shuga a 2, Zizindikiro zimayamba pang'onopang'ono zaka zingapo, ndichifukwa chake odwala ambiri sangadziwe za matenda awo kwa nthawi yayitali. Kuzindikira koyambirira komanso chithandizo cha matenda amtundu wa 2 ndikofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta zamtsogolo.

Zizindikiro

Kuti azindikire mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, madokotala amayesa magazi ndi mkodzo kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa shuga.

• Glycosylated hemoglobin - amawonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi miyezi iwiri mpaka itatu.
• Kusala Glycemia - Kuyeza shuga m'magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu (musagwiritse ntchito china chilichonse kupatula madzi kwa maola 8 musanawunike).
• Kuyesedwa kwa glucose - kuchuluka kwa glycemia kumayang'aniridwa asanafike komanso maola awiri mutamwa chakumwa chokoma. Zimakupatsani mwayi wofufuza momwe thupi limapangira shuga.

Mavuto

Pakakhala chithandizo choyenera, matenda ashuga angayambitse zovuta zingapo. Magazi ochulukirapo amawononga mitsempha yamagazi, mitsempha ndi ziwalo zosiyanasiyana. Ngakhale hyperglycemia yofatsa yomwe siyimayambitsa zizindikiro zilizonse imatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zowononga thanzi lanu:

• Mtima ndi ubongo. Kwa munthu wodwala matenda a shuga, chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi matenda a sitiroko chimachulukitsa kasanu. Kutalika kwa glucose kwotalikirapo kumawonjezera mwayi wa atherosulinosis, momwe mitsempha ya magazi imapendekera ndi zolembera. Izi zimabweretsa kuwonongeka m'magazi mpaka mtima ndi ubongo, zomwe zingayambitse angina pectoris, kugunda kwa mtima, kapena sitiroko.
• Mitsempha yopanda pake. Hyperglycemia imatha kuwononga zingwe zazing'ono mumitsempha, zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonekera kwa manja ndi miyendo. Ngati mitsempha yam'mimba yakhudzidwa, wodwalayo amatha kusanza, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kapena kudzimbidwa.
• Matenda a shuga a retinopathy. Mitsempha yamafiyumu m'magazi a shuga imawonongeka, yomwe imalepheretsa kuwona. Kuti adziwe matenda ashuga a chifuwa cham'mbuyomu, odwala matenda ashuga amafunika kumuyesa ndi katswiri wazachipatala.
• Zowonongeka kwa impso. Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yaying'ono ya impso, nephropathy imatha kukhazikika, yomwe nthawi zambiri imalumikizidwa ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi. Woopsa milandu, aimpso kulephera, pomwe dialysis chithandizo chitha kukhala chofunikira.
• Matenda a shuga. Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya phazi kumatha kubweretsa kuti wodwalayo samawona kukhumudwa pang'ono kapena kudula, komwe, limodzi ndi kusayenda bwino kwa magazi, nthawi zina kumayambitsa zilonda. Vutoli limayamba mwa 10% ya anthu odwala matenda ashuga.
• Kusagonana Mwa amuna omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, makamaka osuta, kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ndi mitsempha yamagazi kungayambitse mavuto ndi erection. Amayi omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amatha kuchepa kwa libido, kuchepa kwa chisangalalo pakugonana, maliseche owuma, kuthekera kocheperako, kupweteka panthawi yogonana.
• Matenda olakwika komanso kubereka. Amayi oyembekezera omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha kubereka komanso kubereka. Ndi vuto loyipa la shuga m'magawo oyambirira a mimba, chiopsezo cha zovuta zakubereka mwa mwana chimakulitsidwa.

Kwa anthu ena, zakudya, masewera olimbitsa thupi, kapena mapiritsi okhala ndi mankhwala ochepetsa shuga ndizokwanira kuthana ndi matenda amtundu wa 2. Komabe, odwala ambiri amafunika jakisoni wa insulini pochiza matendawa. Njira zabwino zamankhwala zimasankhidwa ndi adokotala, koma - osasankha - zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndizofunikira mulimonse. Cholinga ndikuchepetsa glycemia ndikuwongolera kugwiritsira ntchito insulin. Izi zimatheka ndi:

• Zakudya zopatsa thanzi.
• Masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Kuchepetsa thupi.

Odwala angafunenso kumwa mankhwala. Matenda a shuga a Type 2 ndi matenda opita patsogolo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti pakapita nthawi insulin imapangidwa m'thupi la wodwalayo. Chifukwa chake, odwala ambiri posachedwa amamwa mapiritsi kapena jekeseni wa insulin.