Matenda a shuga

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa, omwe ali ndi mitundu ingapo. Chimodzi mwa izo ndi matenda a impso kapena, monga amatchedwanso, mchere kapena sodium. Kukula kwake kumayambitsa njira zosasintha m'thupi, kutsatiridwa ndi zotsatira zoyipa. Ndipo ndi matenda amtundu wanji komanso zovuta zake zomwe zikupangika, tsopano mupeza.

Odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kudziwa! Shuga ndiwabwinobwino kwa aliyense.Kukwanira kumwa makapu awiri tsiku lililonse musanadye ... Zambiri >>

Zambiri

Cholinga chachikulu cha matenda a shuga a impso ndi kuwonongeka kwa impso ngakhale kuchepa kwa chidwi cha aimpso tubules kupita ku aldosterone. Tizilombo ta adrenal timatulutsa timadzi timeneti ndipo, chifukwa chake, mchere wambiri (sodium) umachotsedwa m'thupi. Zotsatira zake zakuchepa kwa chidwi cha impso tubules kupita ku aldosterone, sodium imabwezedwanso mkati mwa minyewa yathupi, yomwe imayambitsa kukula kwa matendawa. Ndipo kuti timvetsetse za matenda a shuga a impso ndi zomwe zingayambitse, ndikofunikira kunena mawu ochepa za kufunika kwa impso.

Impso ndi ziwalo zophatikizika zomwe zimayendetsa mkodzo ndikugawa zinthu zopindulitsa zazing'ono komanso zazikulu. Kusintha kwamkodzo kumachitika ndendende mpaka zinthu zonse zofunikira kuzichotsedwamo ndipo pali chinthu chimodzi chokha chomwe thupi sichifunika.

Ndipo zina mwa zinthuzi ndi sodium, popanda thupi kugwira ntchito bwino. Ikachotsedwa pamodzi ndi mkodzo, kuchepa kwake kumalowa, komwe kumakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa ziwalo zamkati ndi machitidwe. Ndipo monga zakhala zikuwonekera kale, kuchotsa kwachangu kwa sodium kumachitika chifukwa chakuchepa kwa chidwi cha impso tubules kupita ku aldosterone, ndipo ndi matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amachititsa zovuta zotere zomwe zimakhudza phindu la chithokomiro cha adrenal.

Ndi momwe impso imagwirira ntchito, zonse zimamveka bwino, koma bwanji thupi limafunikira sodium? Izi zimachepetsa kuthamanga kwa osmotic mkati ndi kuthana ndi potaziyamu, kukhalabe ndi mchere wamchere.

Kuphatikiza apo, sodium imagwira mwachangu njira zina za metabolic zomwe zimachitika mthupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti achite opaleshoni yamitsempha. Izi zimafunikanso pakukhudzana ndi mtima wamitsempha yama minofu.

Chifukwa chake, pamene kusowa kwa sodium kumawonedwa m'thupi, sikuti madzi amchere amchere chabe amasokonezeka, komanso ntchito ya minofu yamtima. Chifukwa cha izi, ma pathologies osiyanasiyana amayamba kukhazikika, kuphatikizapo omwe nthawi zambiri amayambitsa imfa (mwachitsanzo, myocardial infarction).

Zifukwa zachitukuko

Kukula kwa matenda a shuga a impso kumayendera limodzi ndi kuchuluka kwa sodium m'thupi ndi kuwonjezeka kwamkodzo tsiku lililonse. Njira izi zimatha kuchitika motsogozedwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana.

Matenda a shuga a m'mimba amathanso kukhala matenda obadwa nawo kapena otengera kale. Poyambirira, amapezeka mwa ana kale sabata yoyamba ya moyo, ndipo zinthu zikuluzikulu zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwake ndi kusokonezeka kwa majini komanso chibadwa cham'tsogolo.

Ponena za matenda a impso omwe amapezeka, kakulidwe kake ka nthawi zambiri kamakhudzidwa ndimatenda osiyanasiyana omwe amapezeka mu impso ndi adrenal glands mothandizidwa ndi matenda opita patsogolo a matenda monga interstitial nephritis ndi aakulu pyelonephritis.

Ndi matenda a shuga a mellitus, omwe amapezeka motsutsana ndi maziko a chimbudzi chocheperako (thupi limakhala ndi kuchepa kwa insulin, yomwe imayang'anira shuga), shuga ya mchere imatha kukhazikikanso. Ndipo pankhaniyi, izi zikuchitika chifukwa chakuti ndimatenda awa, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumawonjezeka kwambiri, komwe kumakhudza mitsempha ndi magazi. Impso zimayamba kulandira michere yocheperako, koma nthawi yomweyo zinthu zapoizoni zochuluka zimadziunjikira, chifukwa chomwe magwiridwe ake amachitidwa komanso chidwi cha ma impso tubules kupita ku aldosterone chimachepa.

Zizindikiro za matendawa

Mu matenda a shuga a impso, kuchuluka kwa sodium mumkodzo kumachuluka, zomwe zimawoneka bwino ndi zotsatira za OAM. Komanso, ngati titha kufananizira pakati pa kuphunzira kwamkodzo wa munthu wathanzi ndi mkodzo wa munthu amene akudwala matendawa, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala a sodium omwe akuphunziridwa ndi matendawa kumapitilira masiku 20!

Chifukwa cha kulephera kwa impso, komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kukula kwa matendawa, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zimayamba kuvutitsa wodwala:

• maonekedwe aukadaulo wopanda nkhawa,
• kumva mseru, womwe nthawi zambiri umadzetsa kutsegula kwa kusanza,
• kuphwanya matumbo motility, yomwe imayambitsa kudzimbidwa,
• malungo opanda pake,
• kukodza pafupipafupi komanso kuchuluka kwamkodzo tsiku lililonse,
• Hyperkalemia, yodziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu m'magazi (chizindikiro ichi mu matenda a shuga a impso chimapezeka ndikudutsa kuyesa kwamwazi wamagazi ambiri),
• myopathy, momwe ma dystrophic amapangira minofu ya minofu imawonedwa, zomwe zimatsogolera ku dystrophy yawo.

Ndi matendawa, odwala nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nkhawa za kupsinjika kwa impso, komwe kumawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro zotere:

• kuchuluka kwakanthawi kochepa koyerekeza (mpaka 120 mmHg ndi pamwamba),
• kupweteka mutu kumbuyo kwa mutu,
• kutsika kwamawonedwe owoneka,
• chizungulire pafupipafupi
• kufooka kwa minofu
• kusanza ndi kusanza
• kupuma movutikira
• zokonda mtima.

Zizindikiro

Kuti muwone kupezeka kwa matendawa mwa anthu, muyenera kuyesa mayeso a mkodzo, zomwe zotsatira zake zidzaululidwe kuchuluka kwa sodium. Koma kupezeka kokha kwa kusanthula koyenera sikokwanira nthawi zonse. Poterepa, ndikofunikira kupatula chitukuko cha hypercalcemia ndi hypokalemia. Kuti muchite izi, kuyesedwa kwapadera kumachitika komwe munthu amadya zakudya zouma zokha kwa maola 8-12 (kumwa ndikuloledwa), pambuyo pake kuyesanso kwamkodzo kwamkodzo, komwe kumalola kuti mupeze zotsatira zodalirika.

Kuphatikiza apo, ngati anthu akuganiza kuti ali ndi matenda a shuga a impso, odwala nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa mankhwala othandizira, omwe amachotsa ma neoplasms mu dera la hypothalamic-pituitary.

Njira zochizira

Ngati munthu wapezeka kuti ali ndi vuto loopsa laimpso kapena aimpso chifukwa cha matenda a impso, ndiye kuti wodwala amamuwonetsa wodwalayo. Zakudya pankhaniyi ndizovomerezeka. Zimakupatsani mwayi kusintha mulingo wamchere mthupi ndikusintha momwe wodwalayo alili.

Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku za wodwala ziyenera kuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi, koma nthawi yomweyo, pofuna kupewa zovuta, pakukonzekera menyu, ndikofunikira kupatula zakudya zamafuta, amchere, osuta, okoma komanso osakaniza. Kuphatikiza apo mbale zoterezi zimavutitsa kwambiri impso, zimayambitsanso kuwonjezeka kwa thupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kwambiri matendawa. Ngati wodwalayo akuonetsa zizindikiro zoyambirira za kuchepa madzi m'thupi, njira ya makolo yoyendetsera yankho la sodium m'thupi imayikidwa.

Congenital shuga insipidus imakhala yovuta kwambiri kuchiza. Koma ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti munthu akamakula amapeza mawonekedwe osatchulika ndipo sasokoneza moyo wabwinobwino. Pankhaniyi, mankhwalawa amaphatikizanso zakudya zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wopulumutsa glycogen osungidwa m'thupi ndikuletsa kupewera zovuta.

Wodwala akayamba kudwala matenda a shuga a impso chifukwa cha kuledzera kwa impso kapena CNS pathologies, pamenepo, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito omwe zochita zake zimachotsa poizoni m'thupi ndikubwezeretsa dongosolo lamkati lamanjenje. Pambuyo pake, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsitsanso zizindikiro zazikulu za matendawa.

Zovuta zotheka

Mu matenda a shuga a impso, njira za pathological zimakhazikika mu impso zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta zamagazi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa kukula kwa nephropathy. Kumayambiriro kwake komwe, matendawa nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi. Zizindikiro zolembetsa magazi zitha kuonedwa komanso kuwonjezeka zolimbitsa thupi, komanso kupuma mokwanira.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuzindikira nephropathy munthawi yake, chifukwa kukweza kwake kungayambitse kusokonezeka kwa impso. Ndipo chizindikiro choyamba chakufunika kopimidwanso kwa matendawa ndikuwonekera kwa mapuloteni mumkodzo, omwe nthawi zambiri sayenera kukhala.

Nthenda ina yomwe imakonda kukhala yokhudza matenda a shuga a impso ndi pyelonephritis. Kukula kwawodwala kumatanthauza kuti kwa zaka zambiri satha kudziwonetsa lokha. Ndipo pokhapokha ngati matendawa afika pachimake, munthu amatha kuona zizindikiro monga kukokana pafupipafupi ndi kutentha thupi, komwe kumachitika pazifukwa zosadziwika. Ngati chithandizo cha pyelonephritis cha panthawi yake sichinayambike, chitha kutenga mawonekedwe osakhazikika, ndiye kuti zingakhale zovuta kuti muchotse.

Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti matenda a shuga a impso ndi owopsa bwanji komanso kuti kunyalanyaza kukula kwake kumatha kubweretsa zotsatirapo zoyipa. Chifukwa chake, zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa zikaonekera, muyenera kufunsa dokotala ndipo nthawi yomweyo muyambe kulandira chithandizo. Iyi ndiye njira yokhayo yopewera zovuta ndikukhalanso ndi thanzi lanu kwa zaka zikubwerazi!