Zomwe muyenera kudziwa za mtundu wa matenda ashuga wa ana 2

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda osachiritsika omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusachita bwino kwa kapamba - kuchuluka kwa ndende yamagazi. Matendawa amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: wodalira insulin - mtundu 1 komanso osadalira insulin - mtundu 2.

Matendawa amakhudza onse akuluakulu ndi ana. Kumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda, Zizindikiro zake ndi njira zake zochizira, ndizotheka kuchepetsa mkhalidwe wa mwana ndikuletsa zovuta.

M'mbuyomu, ana ambiri odwala matenda amtundu 1 adanenedwa pakati pa ana. Posachedwa, matenda amtundu wachiwiri mwa ana amalembetsa mu 10-40% ya milandu.

Etiology ya matenda

Amadziwika kuti matenda ashuga ndi matenda obadwa nawo.

Ngati makolo onse akudwala, mwayi wodziwika bwino kwa mwana ndi pafupifupi 100%.

Ngati bambo kapena mayi akudwala, ngozi ya matenda ashuga imafika pa 50%.

Mtundu wa matenda amtundu wa 2 mu ana amatha kupanga pazaka zilizonse.

Ndikofunikira kuganizira zomwe zimayambitsa matenda:

• matenda omwe ali pachibale mpaka bondo lachitatu,
• matenda
• fuko
• kulemera kwa makilogalamu oposa anayi,
• kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali mankhwala osankhidwa bwino
• kusintha kwa mahomoni mu achinyamata.
• kunenepa kwambiri komanso kudya zopanda thanzi,
• zosokoneza pafupipafupi muulamuliro watsiku ndi kugona.
• mavuto
• kugwiritsa ntchito mosayenera ufa, zakudya zotsekemera,
• kutupa mu kapamba ndi matenda ena,
• moyo wamakhalidwe
• zochita zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri,
• Kusintha kwanyengo kukhala mbali ina,
• kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Chifukwa cha zifukwa izi, kusokonezeka kwa metabolic kumachitika, ndiye kuti kapamba amatulutsa insulin yocheperako, ndipo pali glucose ochulukirapo komanso wowonjezereka m'magazi.

Thupi la mwana lilibe nthawi yosinthira kusintha, insulini imayamba kuchepa, matenda osagwirizana ndi insulin amayamba.

Zizindikiro za matendawa

Ambiri mwa ana amapita kwa madokotala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga okalamba.

Nthawi zina kwa nthawi yoyamba amapezeka ali kuchipatala komwe ana amapilira ndi ketoacidosis kapena matenda a shuga.

Ana ambiri sazindikira kuwonongeka mu thanzi kwanthawi yayitali, chifukwa chake samadandaula kutopa ndi kufooka.

Nthawi zambiri, mayeso azachipatala sanyalanyazidwa ndipo chizindikiro chimodzi kapena china chokhudza matendawa sichimayenderana ndi matenda.

Zizindikiro zazikulu zamatendawa ana:

1. kukodza pafupipafupi
2. ludzu lalikulu
3. kuchuluka kwambiri kwa mkodzo
4. kugwidwa ndi njala, komwe kumatha limodzi ndi kuchepa kwa chakudya,
5. kudzimbidwa, kutsegula m'mimba,
6. kusweka, kufooka,
7. Kulemera msanga kapena kuchepa thupi kwambiri,
8. fungo lochokera mkamwa.

Ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga, Zizindikiro zimakulitsa pang'onopang'ono, motero sizimadziwika kwa nthawi yayitali. Pozindikira, kusamalira makolo osati makolo okha, komanso gulu la aphunzitsi, omwe mwana amakhala nthawi yambiri, ndikofunikira kwambiri.

Ketoacidosis yamtundu wa 2 wa matenda ashuga mwa ana ndiosowa. Shuga mumkodzo nthawi zambiri umatsimikiziridwa, koma palibe matupi a ketone. Kukodza mwachangu ndi ludzu sizingatchulidwe nthawi zonse.

Monga lamulo, odwala omwe ali mgululi ndi onenepa kwambiri kapena onenepa kwambiri. Monga lamulo, chibadwa chamtsogolo chimadziwika, chifukwa cha matenda a abale apamtima. Njira za Autoimmune sizipezeka.

Nthawi zambiri, ana amakula mwachangu:

• matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi
• matenda opitilira apo,
• ovary polycystic,
• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• dyslipidemia.

Kukana kwa insulin kumawonedwa kopitilira theka la milandu. Hyperinsulinism imakhalanso yofala. Monga lamulo, kukhalapo kwa khungu lakukwanira kulembedwa m'dera lamawondo, mikono ndi khosi.

Omwe ali pachiwopsezo ndi ana omwe amayi awo anali ndi matenda ashuga panthawi ya pakati.

Zizindikiro

Ngati mwana akuganiziridwa kuti ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri, dokotala wa ana adokotala amafunika kumuunika. Dokotala adzafunsa makolo ndi mwana za matenda ashuga pakati pa achibale, kuti aphunzire kutalika kwa zizindikiro, zakudya komanso zina zokhudzana ndi moyo.

Kuunika kwa ultrasound kwa peritoneum, kapamba kumatha kuchitidwa. Kafukufuku wa Doppler wokhudza magazi a miyendo imasonyezedwanso. Dokotala wamitsempha ayenera kuphunzira momwe manja ndi miyendo ya mwana amamvera.

Wodwala angathenso kufufuzidwa, makamaka khungu ndi mucous nembanemba. Pambuyo poyang'ana, mayeso otsatirawa adalembedwa:

1. kuyesa kwa shuga m'magazi
2. urinalysis
3. kufufuza kwamafuta
4. mayeso a hemoglobin ndi cholesterol.

Mankhwala othandizira

Atalandira zotsatira za mayeso, chithandizo chimalamulidwa potengera shuga wabwinobwino wamagazi. Ntchito ndi kuteteza kupitirira kwa zovuta.

Magazi a shuga m'magazi amatha kuchulukitsidwa pang'ono. Pankhaniyi, mwana adalembedwa:

• chakudya chamagulu ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi glycemic low index,
• masewera olimbitsa thupi (kuthamanga, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusambira, kutentha.).

Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga amadziwika ndi dokotala, potengera zomwe zimapangitsa shuga. Mukakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga, mumalimbikira mankhwala. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala a mahomoni amati amachepetsa shuga, komanso mankhwalawa omwe amalimbikitsa kupezeka kwa shuga.

Mu magawo akulu a matendawa, jakisoni wa insulini amatchulidwa. Muyenera kudziwa kuti insulini imasankhidwa kutengera mtundu wa odwala.

Kuteteza matenda

Amafunikira kuwunika pafupipafupi matenda ashuga. Mulingo wa shuga wamagazi umayezedwa tsiku lililonse ndi chipangizo chapadera - glucometer. Kamodzi pa mwezi, endocrinologist amayenera kukayezetsa ndi kuyesedwa koyenera.

Kutengera ndi momwe mwanayo aliri, adotolo amapanga chisankho pazakusintha kwa mankhwalawa. Mankhwala amatha kusinthidwa kapena kusintha kwa zakudya kumapangidwa.

Kulumikizana ndi katswiri wamanjenje, othandizira, ophthalmologist ndi nephrologist ndikofunikira, chifukwa matenda ashuga amakhudza ziwalo zambiri. Mwa kuwongolera moyenera vutoli, matenda a shuga atha kulipidwa bwino.

Matenda a shuga amachititsanso matenda osiyanasiyana a mtima komanso matenda oopsa a m'magazi.

Khungu la odwala matenda ashuga amasiya kugwira ntchito ndikuchira bwinobwino. Chifukwa chake, mabala ang'onoang'ono aliwonse amachiritsa ndi kusangalala kwa nthawi yayitali.

Zovuta zotheka

Kuchiza kolakwika kapena kukana kuchokera pamenepo kungayambitse kusintha kwa mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga komanso kufunika kwa jakisoni wa insulin nthawi zonse. Chimodzi mwamavuto owopsa ndi kukomoka kwa glycemic, chifukwa chokana kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, kulakalaka kumatha kutha, kufooka kwambiri komanso kukomoka kumatha kuchitika.

Hypoglycemia ndi khunyu komanso kuiwala kungakhale chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kusuta fodya, kapena kumwa mowa.

Mavuto oterewa amakula kwambiri komanso mwachangu. Maola ochepa pambuyo pa kumwa mopitirira muyeso kapena kulumpha mankhwalawo, kusokonezeka kumatha kuchitika ndi zotsatira zakupha ngati chithandizo choyambirira sichinaperekedwe.

Mavuto ambiri amadziwika ndi kukula pang'ono pang'onopang'ono. Mwachitsanzo, masomphenya amatha kuwonongeka - retinopathy, kutayika kwathunthu chifukwa cha kufooka kwa makoma azombo ndizothekanso. Mwambiri, kuwonongeka kwa magazi ndi kuwonongeka kwa miyendo kumadziwika.

Miyendo nthawi zambiri imakhala yopweteka, yotupa komanso yotupa. Phazi la matenda ashuga limatha kupangika, lomwe limadziwika ndi kuchulukitsa komanso kufa kwa magawo ena pamiyendo. Matenda a shuga mu gawo lovuta amatsogolera kumadulidwa kwa mwendo.

Nthawi zambiri pamakhala mavuto ndi impso, kuphatikizapo kulephera kwa impso. Chifukwa cha kupangika kwamapuloteni kwambiri mumkodzo, matenda amkhungu amapezeka omwe amayamba ndi mawonekedwe a matenda osiyanasiyana.

Kuphatikiza apo, matenda omwe alipo alipo amawonjezera, kotero kuzizira wamba kumatha kutha.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda osokoneza bongo a ana ndi achinyamata sizimadziwika kuti ndi chifukwa chololeza kulumala. Komabe, pali zabwino kwa mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, omwe amafunika kuti atulutsidwe kwa voucher kumalo azaumoyo komanso mankhwala angapo.

Mavuto a shuga, mwachitsanzo, kulephera kwa impso, khungu ndi matenda ena, zimayambitsa kulumala.

Mu kanema munkhaniyi, Dr. Komarovsky amalankhula mwatsatanetsatane za matenda a shuga a ana.

Zizindikiro zamankhwala

Kupatuka kulikonse kuzikhalidwe, kupuma, kudya, kumalankhula za matenda aliwonse.

Muyenera kudziwa zambiri za matenda ashuga mwa ana:

• ludzuyouma mphuno
• kukodza pafupipafupi
• kusasangalala ndi maliseche - kuyabwa, kuyaka (mkodzo umakhala ndi glucose wambiri, kumakwiya kwambiri)
• chimfine pafupipafupimatenda
• lakuthwa kuchepa kapena kuchuluka kwa thupi ndi zakudya zabwinobwino
• nseruakukumbutsa
• pang'onopang'ono mavuto amawonedwe
• kusakhazikika
• dzanzi la miyendo
• kuyabwa pakhungu, matenda a pakhungu (totupa totupa, furunculosis).

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga mwa ana ndiwowopsa chifukwa nthawi zina sizikudziwika, makolo ambiri amati ali ndi ludzu kapena sakwiya chifukwa chogwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso.

Matenda a shuga omwe samadalira insulin amatha kupitilirabe, mpaka Mavuto omwe ndi osapeweka ngati palibe chochitika.

Apa mutha kudziwa bwino za matenda a shuga kwa ana akhanda ndi ana osakwana zaka 1, nkhaniyi imalongosola mawonetseredwe a matendawa mwa ana osaposa zaka 3, ndipo chizindikiro ichi cha ana omwe ali ndi zaka 4 mpaka 12.

Njira zochizira

Malinga ndi zotsatira za kusanthula ndi mayeso, kulandira mankhwala kumayikidwa, komwe kumakhazikika pakukhazikika. Chachikulu ndikupewa zovuta.

Mwazi wamagazi ukhoza kuchulukitsidwa pang'ono, ndiye kuti mwana wakhazikitsidwa:

• chakudya chochepa cha glycemic index (otsika chakudya)
• masewera olimbitsa thupi (kutentha thupi, masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusambira, kuthamanga) - Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi kumakwaniritsa bwino kagayidwe kazinthu, motero kulola thupi kuyamwa kwambiri insulin yake.

Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga amathandizidwa ndi dokotala potengera zotsatira za shuga, magazi ambiri, mphamvu ya mankhwalawo. zitha kukhala:

• mahomoni omwe amachepetsa shuga ya magazi
• othandizira omwe amalimbikitsa kuyamwa koyenera kwa shuga.

Mu magawo akulu a matendawa (kuthekera kosintha kwa mtundu wodalira insulin), jakisoni wa insulin ndi mankhwala. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti insulin ndi payekha pagulu lililonse la anthu.

Momwe mungawongolere?

Kuyang'anira nthawi yonse ya matendawa ndikofunikira.

Tsiku lililonse Ndikofunika kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa shuga kangapo ndi glucometer.

Mwezi uliwonse Ndikofunikira kudutsa mayeso a endocrinologist, kumayesa mayeso - chifukwa chake dokotala amvetsetsa ngati angatsatire chithandizo chomwe chilipo kapena ngati pakufunika kusintha (kusintha mapiritsi, kusankha zakudya zina).

Zofunikanso kuwongolera kwa ophthalmologist, neurologist, nephrologist, Therapist - matenda ashuga amakhudza ziwalo zonse zamkati.

Ndi chithandizo choyenera cha mkhalidwe, njira yoyenera, ndikuwonetsetsa thupi lonse - matenda ashuga sadziwika kwenikweni kwa zaka makumi angapo. Ndi matenda otere, gawo lalikulu la dziko lapansi limakhala ndi moyo.

Komabe, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti pambuyo pake matendawa amadzimva okha:

• matenda amtima
• matenda a impso ndi chiwindi
• matenda ammimba
• limb neuralgia (phazi la matenda ashuga).
• Khungu la anthu omwe akudwala matenda osokoneza bongo amasiya kusinthika bwino, mabala ang'onoang'ono aliwonse amachiritsidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, amatha kuyamba kutukuka.

Pomaliza

Matenda a 2 a shuga kwa ana ndi owopsa chifukwa sangawonekere nthawi yomweyo. Mavuto amatha kuyamba, zomwe zotsatira zake sizingayambenso. Kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa komanso zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, mutha kuteteza mwana wanu. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuphunzitsa mwana kudya moyenera, kumunyengerera kuti amwe mapiritsi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.