Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga 1

Matenda a shuga amatchedwa pathology, omwe amadziwika ndi vuto la metabolic, lomwe ma polysaccharides omwe amalowa mthupi samamwa bwino, ndipo kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi kumafika pazovuta zambiri.

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Mitundu yotsatirayi ya matendawa ilipo: wodalira insulin (mtundu 1), wosadalira insulini (mtundu 2). Chithandizo cha mitundu yonse ya "matenda okoma" ndizosiyana. Njira zakuchizira ndizovuta komanso zingapo. Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga 1 amitundu yodziwika bwino ndi wowerengeka amatchulidwa munkhaniyi.

Zolemba za matendawa

Mtundu wa "matenda okoma" omwe amadalira insulin amakula pafupipafupi ubwana kapena unyamata. Njira ya pathological imadziwika ndi insulin yokwanira ya pancreatic hormone insulin, chifukwa chomwe thupi limalephera kugwiritsa ntchito shuga. Ziwalo sizilandira mphamvu zokwanira, chifukwa chomwe zimagwira.

Chifukwa chachikulu chakukhazikitsidwa kwa mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga ndi vuto lakabadwa. Komabe, chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa matendawa sikokwanira. Monga lamulo, matenda a ma virus ndi kuwonongeka kwa kapamba amatenga gawo lalikulu, zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa insulin mobisa maselo a chiwalo.

Magawo otsatirawa a mtundu wa "matenda okoma" omwe amadalira insulin alipo:

• zam'tsogolo zamatendawa,
• kuwonongeka kwa maselo ndi zinthu zingapo zopangitsa kukhazikitsa kusintha kwa masinthidwe amthupi ndi thupi,
• gawo la yogwira autoimmune insulitis - ntchito ya antibody ndiyokwera, kuchuluka kwa ma cell a insulini kumachepetsedwa, mahomoni amapangidwa osakwanira,
• yogwira pophwanya insulin - nthawi zina, wodwalayo amatha kudziwa kuphwanya shuga, kuthamanga kwa shuga wa plasma,
• kutalika kwa matendawa ndi kutuluka kwa chithunzi chowoneka bwino - - 85% yama cell a ma islets a Langerhans-Sobolev a kapamba awonongedwa,
• kuwonongedwa kwathunthu kwa maselo a ziwalo komanso kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa insulin.

Mawonetseredwe akulu am matendawa

Pa matenda amtundu wa 1 wodwala, wodwalayo amadandaula za zotsatirazi: ludzu la m'magazi, kutulutsa mkodzo kwambiri komanso ma membrane owuma. Kulakalaka kwambiri kumachitika limodzi ndi kuwonda kwambiri. Pali kufooka, kuchepa kwa kuwona kwakumaso, kuzungulira kwa pakhungu pakhungu. Odwala amadandaula kuti amakonda kupatsirana matenda apakhungu.

Kupanda thandizo pamlingo wa mawonetsedwe otere kumabweretsa kuti matendawo akupita patsogolo.

Zovuta zopweteka komanso zopweteka zimayamba:

• zilonda zam'mimba za m'munsi,
• kuphwanya chinsinsi cha m'mimba ndi matumbo,
• kuwonongeka kwa zotumphukira zamanjenje,
• kuwonongeka kwa
• matenda a kwamikodzo, makamaka impso,
• matenda a shuga
• kubweza kwakukula kwakuthupi kwa ana.

Mfundo zakuchiritsa matenda

Odwala omwe atsimikiziridwa kuti apezeka ndi matenda omwe amadalira insulin amafunsidwa ndi dokotala wawo ngati mtundu wa 1 wa matenda ashuga ungathe kuchiritsidwa kwamuyaya. Mankhwala amakono sangathetsenso wodwalayo matendawa, komabe, njira zatsopano zamankhwala zimatha kubwezeretsa chindapusa cha matendawa, kuletsa kukula kwa zovuta komanso kukhalabe ndi moyo wabwino wodwala pamlingo wambiri.

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga 1 amakhala ndi zotsatirazi:

• mankhwala a insulin
• kukonza zakudya,
• zolimbitsa thupi
• physiotherapy
• kuphunzitsa.

Mawonekedwe Amphamvu

Nutritionists ndi endocrinologists amalimbikitsa kuti wodwalayo azitsatira manambala 9. Kutengera ndi matenda omwe amapezeka, kuchuluka kwa thupi la wodwala, jenda, zaka, kupezeka kwa zovuta ndi zisonyezo za glycemia, dokotala wopezekayo amasintha menyu wodwala.

Zakudya nambala 9 zikusonyeza kuti chakudya chimayenera kuperekedwa nthawi zambiri, koma pang'ono. Kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta kumakhala kochepa, makamaka ma polysaccharides (zakudya zamafuta, fiber) amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi ndizofunikira popewa kulumpha lakuthwa m'magazi a magazi, koma nthawi yomweyo kuti thupi lilandire zokwanira "zomanga".

Kalori yatsiku ndi tsiku imawerengeredwa payekhapayekha. Kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni muzakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku kumawonjezeka chifukwa cha zinthu zomwe zimachokera kuzomera, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mafuta, m'malo mwake, kumachepa (kudya kwa lipids za nyama ndikochepa). Wodwala ayenera kukana shuga konse. Itha m'malo ndi zotsekemera zachilengedwe (uchi, mapulo manyuchi, stevia Tingafinye) kapena kupanga zina (fructose, xylitol).

Mavitamini ndi michere yokwanira iyenera kubwera, chifukwa amachotsedwa mthupi motsutsana ndi polyuria. Makonda amasankhidwa kuphika, ophika, chakudya chophika, ndi zotupa. Kuchuluka kwa madzi akumwa sayenera kupitirira 1500 ml patsiku, mchere - mpaka 6 g.

Ngati matenda a shuga akuphatikizidwa ndi nthawi ya bere, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa zopatsa mphamvu tsiku ndi tsiku kukhala 1800 kcal. Izi zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta m'mayi ndi mwana. Madzi ndi mchere wolowera uyeneranso kukhala ochepa kuti muchepetse nkhawa pamiyendo ndikuti mupewe kuchitika kwa matenda amkodzo.

Pazakudya za ana odwala, payenera kukhala zakudya zazing'ono pakati pa chakudya, musanayambe kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, masewera olimbitsa thupi osiyanasiyana. Ngati palibe zovuta za matenda oyambitsidwa, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomangira “kuyenera kuyenerana ndi msinkhu ndi thupi la mwana. Ndikofunikira kuwerengera moyenera mlingo wa insulin, kudziwa pafupifupi chakudya.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi

Ndizovuta kwambiri kuchiza matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba popanda kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mokwanira. Masewera ali ndi zotsatirazi mthupi la wodwalayo:

• zimapangitsa chiwopsezo cha minofu ndi maselo kupita ku mahomoni,
• kumawonjezera mphamvu ya insulin,
• imalepheretsa chitukuko cha matenda a mtima ndi mtsempha wamagazi,
• kubwezeretsa zowonetsa,
• Iyamba Kuthamanga kagayidwe kachakudya njira.

Ogwira ntchito zaumoyo amalimbikitsa kuti asankhe masewera omwe sangakhudze kwambiri zowonera, kwamikodzo, mtima, ndi miyendo. Amaloledwa kuyenda, kulimbitsa thupi, tennis ya tebulo, kusambira, masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba, mutha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi osaposa mphindi 40 patsiku.

Ndi kulimbitsa thupi kosalekeza, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa mlingo wa insulin yomwe mumalandira. Izi zidziteteza ku kukula kwa hypoglycemia. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kukhala ndi chilichonse chokoma ndi inu. Musanayambe kusewera masewera, muyenera kuyeza shuga wamagazi, ndipo mukamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi muyenera kuyendetsa bwino kugunda kwanu komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Mankhwala a insulin

Kutengera mtundu wa matendawo, mankhwalawa amafunika pafupifupi 40% pamavuto onse azachipatala. Cholinga cha chithandizo chotere ndi motere:

• normalization wa saccharide metabolism (njira yabwino ndiyo kusintha shuga m'magazi ndikutchinjiriza kuwonjezeka kwambiri chakudya chikamalowa m'thupi, mokwanira - kuthetsa mawonetseredwe azachipatala),
• kukhathamiritsa kwa zakudya ndikusunga mayeso oyenera amthupi
• kukonza lipid kagayidwe,
• kukonza moyo wabwino wodwala,
• kupewa mavuto a mtima ndi minyewa chikhalidwe.

Mankhwala othandiza

Pakadali pano, mankhwalawa osankhidwa ndi a insulin yaumunthu yopangidwa kuchokera kumtundu kapena biosynthetic, komanso mitundu yonse ya mankhwala omwe amapezeka pamaziko ake. Mankhwala amakono omwe amaperekedwa ndikulembetsedwa amasiyana m'njira zawo: Mankhwalawa ogwirira ntchito, osakhalitsa komanso osakhalitsa.

Mayankho omwe amachitika mwachidule akuphatikizapo Actrapid NM, Humulin-wokhazikika, Biosulin. Oimira awa amadziwika ndi kukwera msanga kwa zotsatirazo komanso kufupika kwa kuchitapo kanthu. Amaperekedwa mwachangu, koma ngati ndi kotheka, jakisoni wamkati kapena wamkati ndikotheka.

Mankhwala a nthawi yayitali akuphatikizapo Humulin-basal, Biosulin N, Protofan NM. Zochita zawo zimatha mpaka maola 24, zomwe zimachitika patatha maola 2-2,5 pambuyo pa dongosolo. Oimira kukonzekera kwakutali - Lantus, Levemir.

Dongosolo la chithandizo cha munthu payekha limaperekedwa ndi adokotala. Zimatengera izi:

• zolimbitsa thupi
• kulemera thupi
• nthawi yopanga hyperglycemia,
• kukhalapo kwa shuga wamkulu mutatha kudya,
• zaka odwala
• kukhalapo kwa chodabwitsa cha "m'bandakucha."

Zithandizo zamankhwala

Nkhani zaposachedwa kwambiri pochiza matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin amati kugwiritsa ntchito njirazi:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito maselo a tsinde. Iyi ndi njira yodalirika yomwe mungathetsere mavuto a matenda a carbohydrate metabolism. Chinsinsi chake ndikukula maselo achinsinsi a insulin m'malo oberekera. Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku China, Germany, USA.
• Kuthiridwa kwamafuta a brown ndi njira yatsopano yomwe imachepetsa kufunikira kwa thupi kwa insulin ndikubwezeretsa kagayidwe kazakudya. Njira zimachitika chifukwa chogwirika ndi mamolekyulu a shuga ndi maselo a bulauni.
• Katemera. Katemera wapadera wapangidwa yemwe amayang'anira kuteteza maselo a pancreatic kuti asawonongeke ndi chitetezo cha mthupi. Zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimalepheretsa kutukusira kwa thupi ndikuletsa kupititsa patsogolo kwa matendawa.

Physiotherapy

Njira imodzi yochizira matenda ashuga. Nthawi zambiri, odwala amapatsidwa electrophoresis. Iyi ndi njira yochokera pakukhudzana ndi mankhwalawa. Potengera maziko a "matenda okoma" amagwiritsidwa ntchito electrophoresis a zinc, mkuwa ndi potaziyamu. Kudzimbidwa kumakhala ndi phindu pa zomwe zimachitika mthupi, kumapangitsa kagayidwe kachakudya ka magazi, kumachepetsa glycemia.

Potaziyamu electrophoresis ndiyofunikira kubwezeretsanso kuchuluka kwa kufufuza zinthu mthupi chifukwa cha kuphipha kwake mkodzo. Magnesium imafunika pakuyenda bwino kwa kagayidwe, kayendedwe ka cholesterol ndi shuga, komanso kusintha kwa kapamba. Ngati angiopathy yam'munsi yotsika imagwiritsidwa ntchito, electrophoresis ya sodium thiosulfate kapena novocaine imagwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa chomwe kupweteka kumachepetsedwa, ndipo zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anti-sclerotic.

Magnetotherapy imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, yomwe imakhala ndi analgesic, immunomodulating and angioprotective zotsatira. Inductothermy (pogwiritsa ntchito maginito otchuka pafupipafupi) ndikofunikira kukonza kukoka kwa magazi ndi zamitsempha. Hyperbaric oxygenation (kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wopanikizika kwambiri) kumakuthandizani kuti muchepetse mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya hypoxia, sinthani chikhalidwe cha wodwalayo, muchepetse insulin ndi mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, kusintha kayendedwe ka magazi ndikuyambitsa kupanikizika.

Kuperekera mankhwala ndi chithandizo chinanso chothandiza. Singano amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza neuropathy. Ndikofunikira kukonza conduction ya mitsempha, kuwonjezera mphamvu zam'munsi zam'munsi, komanso kuchepetsa kuwawa. Pazifukwa zomwezo, acupressure, electroacupuncture ndi laser acupuncture amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Njira yotsatira ndi plasmapheresis. Njirayi imakhala m'lingaliro lakuti magazi amwazi amachotsedwa ndikuyika m'malo mwa plasma. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi maziko a kulephera kwa impso ndi kusokonekera kwa zovuta. Njira ina yochizira ndi balneotherapy (pogwiritsa ntchito madzi achilengedwe kapena okonzedwa mwakapangidwe), yomwe ndi gawo la mankhwala a spa.

Zithandizo za anthu

Kuchiza ndi wowerengeka azitsamba kuyenera kuchitika motsogozedwa ndi katswiri woyenera. Kudziletsa sikulimbikitsidwa pankhaniyi. Maphikidwe otsatirawa ndi otchuka.

Chinsinsi 1
Chinyengo cha maluwa a linden. Zinthu zosafunikira zimathiridwa ndi madzi muyezo wa kapu ya maluwa pa lita imodzi yamadzi. Wiritsani kwa mphindi 15, ndipo pambuyo pozizira, sokoneza ndikuchepera pang'ono tsiku lonse.

Chinsinsi 2
Onjezani ndodo ya sinamoni ku kapu yamadzi otentha, tsimikizirani kwa theka la ola. Kenako yambitsani supuni ya uchi ndikuyimira njira ina kwa maola atatu. Tengani masana pang'ono.

Chinsinsi chachitatu
Ndikofunikira kukonzekera chisakanizo cha dzira limodzi laiwisi laiwisi ndi kapu imodzi ya mandimu. Wothandizirana chotere amachepetsa shuga m'magazi. Amatenga ola limodzi asanadye chakudya cham'mawa.

Tsoka ilo, akafunsidwa ngati matenda a shuga angathe kuchiritsidwa, mankhwala amakono sangapereke yankho. Pali njira zingapo zingapo, komabe, ambiri aiwo akupitabe patsogolo. Mitundu yathunthu yosankhidwa ndi adotolo ithandizanso kulipirira matendawa, kupewa kutengera zovuta komanso kukhalabe ndi moyo wabwino wodwala pamlingo wambiri.