Shuga wamagazi (glucose) mwa ana: momwe mungapezere kusanthula ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kukhumudwa

Mwa zisonyezo zina zonse, chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga (shuga) mwa ana. Kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga kumatha kuwonetsa njira zazikulu za endocrine ndi metabolic m'thupi, zomwe zimafunikira chisamaliro chamankhwala ndi chithandizo, kukonzanso kusokonezeka ndikuwunika pafupipafupi zakudya, kuchuluka kwamadzi ndi momwe alili.

Kuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga kumachitika ngati mwana ali wathanzi, osapitirira kamodzi pachaka - ngati kuli koyenera, kusanthula kumachitika pafupipafupi. Mkulu wa glucose amawunika momwe kagayidwe kazakudya amathandizira, komanso amawunikira mosazindikira mitundu ina yonse ya kagayidwe kazakudya - kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ndi mafuta.

Kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya m'magazi kumatha kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda oopsa - matenda a shuga, omwe amakhala mtundu woyamba, ndipo mwina akuwonjezereka ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kusokonezeka kwa metabolic komanso zovuta zina za endocrine (adrenal ndi chithokomiro). Kuyesedwa kwa magazi pamlingo wa glucose kumachitika ngati gawo la kuwunika kwa zamankhwala kapena kutengedwa mosiyana, mutha kuyang'ananso kuchuluka kwa shuga kunyumba, pogwiritsa ntchito mita ya shuga m'magazi.

Magazi a shuga m'magazi mwa ana

Mwazi wamagazi mulingo wa m'magazi a plasma - Ichi ndiye chida chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chikuwonetsera momwe ma metabolic amapangidwira, makamaka chakudya. Chifukwa cha glucose, maselo amthupi amathandizidwa, glucose ndiofunika kwambiri kwa minofu ya muubongo, mtima ndi impso, popanda shuga yokwanira m'magazi ziwalozi zimatha kugwira ntchito bwino. Kuyambira kubadwa, ana ayenera kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'madzi a m'magazi, zimayenera kusintha mkati mwanjira zina (kusinthasintha kwazonse).

Ngati tizingolankhula za akhanda - ali ndi kuchuluka kwa glucose a 2.9-4.5 mml / l, mu msinkhu wa sukulu zam'mbuyo zizizindikiro zachilendo zidzakhala 3.3 - 5.0 mmol / l, pazaka za sukulu zizindikiro zizikhala zofanana ndi za akuluakulu - 3,3 - 5.5 mmol / L.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi am'magazi mwa ana zimadalira kwambiri thanzi lawo komanso zaka za ana, kupezeka kwa matenda ena ndi zakudya. Poyerekeza ndi zovuta za metabolic ndi endocrine pathologies, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumawonjezeka kwambiri, komwe kumakhala kowopsa pa thanzi komanso nthawi zina miyoyo ya ana, ngakhale hypoglycemia - yotsika shuga.

Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani ndimafunikira shuga?

Glucose ndiye othandizira mphamvu kwambiri m'maselo; chifukwa chake, mamolekyulu a ATP amapangidwa mkati mwake ("akapsa", amapatsa mphamvu moyo). Mafuta ochulukirapo m'thupi amasungika kwakanthawi kochepa m'chiwindi ndi minofu yamankhwala mwa mawonekedwe apadera - glycogen. Ndi mtundu uwu wamagulu azakudya omwe amasungidwa m'malo osungirako kanthu, chifukwa cha njala ndi kuperewera kwa shuga wa m'magazi. Glycogen imagwiritsidwanso ntchito munthawi yochita zolimbitsa thupi, pomwe thupi limafunikira mphamvu yambiri yogwira ntchito.

Kuphatikiza apo, shuga ndi gawo lina mwazinthu zina zovuta za thupi - mapuloteni, mafuta, komanso ndizofunikira pakapangidwe ka mamolekyulu ofunikira kwambiri a thupi - ma nucleic acids a ma nucleus ndi ma molekyulu a ATP a mitochondria. Udindo wa glucose sungokhala pazinthu izi, umaphatikizidwa munjira zambiri za metabolic - kaphatikizidwe kamapangidwe kamene kamapangira bilirubin m'chiwindi, mankhwala apakatikati ndi mankhwala. Chifukwa chake, kudya kwa glucose mu minofu kuyenera kukhala kosalekeza chifukwa cha chakudya.

Zolemba za shuga za ana

Munthawi yamatenda aukhanda komanso mu makanda a chaka choyamba cha moyo, kuchuluka kwa glucose kumakhala kotsika poyerekeza ndi akulu, omwe amakhudzana ndi mawonekedwe a metabolic. Mwana akamakula, kufunika kowonjezera kuchuluka kwa glucose kumawonjezereka, pambuyo pa zaka zisanu, miyezo ya shuga ya magazi imagwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa akuluakulu.

Glucose limapangidwa m'thupi kuchokera ku zovuta zam'mimba ndi dzuwa zosavuta zomwe zimabwera ndi chakudya ndi zakumwa m'matumbo, zonse zimagawanika kukhala mamolekyulu osavuta - fructose, glucose kapena galactose. Ma metabolites awa amalowetsedwa m'magazi ndikulowa m'chiwindi, pomwe chilichonse chimapangidwira glucose, pomwe chimasungidwa mu kuchuluka kwa plasma, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazofunikira za thupi.

M'zaka zoyambirira za theka la ola pambuyo kuti shuga osavuta azilowetsa m'matumbo, shuga m'magazi amakwera pang'ono, ndikuwonetsa kwambiri - izi zimatchedwa physiological hyperglycemia. Chifukwa cha izi, ma neuro-mahomoni amomwe amapangira kukhazikika kwa glucose amayamba kugwira ntchito mthupi chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito ndalama zake pogwiritsa ntchito minofu - ngati njira izi zakhudzidwa, matenda osiyanasiyana amapanga komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi amasintha.

Momwe shuga amaziwongolera

Mu ana, njira zophera shuga wamagazi ndizofanana ndi zomwe zimachitika mwa akulu. M'dera lamakoma amitsempha yamagazi mumakhala ma receptors apadera omwe amayankha kuzungulira kwa glucose. Mukatha kudya, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakwera, ndipo ndimphamvu yogwira thupi imatsika, ndipo njirazi zonse zimayenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamalitsa ndi mahomoni apadera.

Kulephera mu iliyonse mwanjira izi kumabweretsa kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa kwambiri kwa glucose wa plasma ndikupanga matenda osiyanasiyana komanso zovuta zama metabolic. Ma mahomoni ofunikira kwambiri kwa kagayidwe kazachilengedwe ndi:

• insulin, yomwe imapangidwa ndi maselo apachifinya, ndi amodzi mwa mahomoni ofunika kwambiri ochepetsa shuga. Chifukwa cha zomwe amachita, maselo amatha kulandira glucose pazakudya, ndimtundu wofikira pakhomo la maselo. Kuphatikiza apo, zimathandizira pakupanga mapuloteni ndi mafuta, ndikupanga masitolo a glycogen mu zimakhala.
• glucagon amapangidwanso ndi maselo a pancreatic, okhala ndi zotsutsana ndi insulin. Zimawonjezera kutsekeka kwa glucose chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa glycogen m'misempha ndi chiwindi, ndipo amalowa m'magazi.
• adrenaline ndi norepinephrine amapangidwa ndi adrenal gland, ikuwonjezera glucose wa plasma chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa glycogen mu chiwindi ndi minofu.
• cortisol imapangidwanso ndimatumbo a adrenal, imathandizira kupanga glucose pansi pamavuto kuti idyetse thupi kuchokera kuzinthu zilizonse pafupi (mafuta, mapuloteni), ndi gren adrenal yotchinga mahomoni awa pansi pa kayendetsedwe ka gitu ndi mahomoni ake.

Ma mahormone onsewa ndi ena ambiri mwanjira zothandizira amathandizira kuti azikhala ndi nkhawa ya glucose pafupipafupi komanso mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe, kuti mwana asamve zovuta za metabolic.

Ngati njirayi imagwirira ntchito kwambiri, izi zimabweretsa kusintha kwa ndende ya glucose ndikupanga ma pathologies. Pankhaniyi, mwana amafunika kumuunikira kokwanira, komanso chithandizo.

Kuchulukitsa shuga kwa ana

Osangokhala kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa plasma komwe kumayamba chifukwa cha matenda owopsa - izi zitha kukhala zinthu zosakhalitsa zomwe ndizovomerezeka pakadutsa moyo. Koma kusasinthika kwazowonjezera zaka zakubadwa kumatha kukhala chimodzi mwazomwe zikuwonetsa kwambiri matenda a metabolic - matenda ashuga. Mu ana, mtundu woyamba umatengera insulin, ngakhale mu achinyamata, mwa ana onenepa kwambiri komanso wokhala ndi chibadwa chovuta, pakhoza kukhalanso mitundu yachiwiri ya matenda ashuga - insulin -yokha.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha zolakwa zam'mwazi - sizinatengedwe pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndi chisangalalo cha mwana ndikulira, ndikulira (glucose imakwera chifukwa cha adrenaline ndi cortisol).Komanso, zotsatira zofananira zimatha kupezeka mutatha kulimbitsa thupi kapena kukumana ndi zochitika zam'maganizo, kuchuluka kwa zinyenyeswazi - izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuyambitsa kwa ntchito ya chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, tizi gland kapena gland ya adrenal.

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri maswiti, zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri komanso zakudya zowakulitsa kumapangitsanso magawo osakhalitsa (osakhalitsa) a hyperglycemia - shuga yayikulu magazi.

Amatha kubweretsa kuchuluka kwakuchulukirapo kwa matenda obwera ndi ma virus komanso kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa iwo, kupweteka kwambiri kapena kupezeka kwa kuyaka, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali pakumwa mankhwala omwe si a antiidal.

Zimayambitsa shuga wambiri mwa mwana

Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa glucose kosadukiza m'magazi a ana kumatha kukhala chizindikiro cha kupezeka bwino - kulolerana kwa glucose (omwe amatchulidwa kale kuti ndi shuga) kapena kukhalapo kwa shuga. Mavuto omwewo ndiwothekanso ndi ma pathologies a pituitary gland kapena adrenal gasm (zotupa), onenepa kwambiri kapena zotupa za pancreatic.

Ndi insulin yomwe imakhala mu mahomoni okhawo omwe amagwira ntchito ya glucose. Ngati kapangidwe kake kazunza kapena mwana ali ndi kulemera kambiri ndipo kupangika kwa insulin sikokwanira kuchuluka kwa thupi, gland imagwira ntchito ndi zovuta, zomwe zingathetse mphamvu zake, ndipo zotsatira zake zidzakhala kuchuluka kwa kusala kwa magazi m'magazi pamwamba pa 6.0 mmol / L.

Muzochitika izi, madotolo amatha kukayikira shuga m'mwana. Izi kagayidwe kachakudya ndi kowopsa kwa ana, amasokoneza kugwira ntchito kwa impso ndi mtima, kuwononga ma capillaries ochepa amaso, miyendo ndikuwatsogolera ku kusokonezeka kwamanjenje.

Magulu oopsa a Hyperglycemia

Kuwonjezeka kwa glucose nthawi zambiri kumachitika mwa ana omwe ali ndi chibadwa cha matenda a shuga komanso kagayidwe kazakudya. Ngati mwana ali ndi matenda a shuga, zoopsa zimawonjezeka mpaka 10%, ndipo ngati awa ndi makolo awiri, opitilira 50%. Nthawi zambiri, mapasa omwe ali ndi cholowa chosavomerezeka amathanso kuwulula zomwe zikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magawo onse awiri, zomwe zimawonetsa gawo lofunikira la majini.

Kwa odwala matenda amtundu wachiwiri, kunenepa kwambiri komanso kunenepa kwambiri kumakhala chinthu chowopsa, nthawi zambiri kumadzetsa mavuto ndi kagayidwe kazakudya.

Komanso, kuchuluka kwa shuga kungapangidwe chifukwa cha kufooka kwa chitetezo chathupi, kuchepa kwa vitamini D m'thupi komanso kuchuluka kwambiri kwa mwana pobadwa, komanso kudyetsa koyambirira ndi zakudya zosabatizidwa komanso chakudya chamagulu owonjezera, shuga mu chakudya.

Amatha kuyambitsa matenda a shuga a kapamba ndi ma virus - cytomegaly, fuluwenza, enterovirus.

Mawonekedwe ndi zizindikiro za hyperglycemia mwa ana

Zizindikiro monga:

• Pakamwa pouma kwambiri komanso pakumwa ludzu kwambiri pamakhala kutentha
• Kumverera kofulumira kwa kutopa ndi kufooka
• Kukodzerera mwachangu, masitupa ambiri amkodzo
• Kupweteka m'mutu ndi mseru, kusintha kwakudya ndi kunenepa, kuwonda
• Kudzera m'miyendo
• Nthawi zonse kusokonezeka ndi kusokonekera kwa ana, kusinthasintha
• Kuchiritsa kwa bala,
• Maseru ofooka, mavuto azithunzi
• Khungu loyera, zotupa ndi kukanda
• Kusintha kwakukuru ndi kukhumba maswiti, kumatanthauzira kulimbana ndi maziko a kuwonda.

Zizindikiro zoterezi sizingasonyeze kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga nthawi zonse, amakhala osakhazikika, ndipo kuwunika kwatsatanetsatane kofunikira ndikofunikira kuti zitsimikizire zowona zowonjezera magazi.

Kuzindikiritsa chimodzi mwa zochepa mwazizindikiro zomwe zafotokozedwazo ndi mwayi wopita kukawona dokotala ndikupanga mayeso a milingo ya shuga ndikuwunika kwathunthu kwa dokotala wa ana ndi endocrinologist.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa ana

Cholinga chodziwitsa matenda ashuga komanso mavuto am'magazi a glucose ndikuwunika magazi. Koma kuti zotsatira zake zitheke, kukonzekera koyenera kopereka magazi ndikofunikira kuti pasakhale chakudya kapena zinthu zina. Ndikofunika kukonzekera zinyenyeswazi kuti musanthenso pasadakhale.

Nthawi yotsiriza yomwe mungadyetse mwana (ngati si mwana) pasanathe maola 8 lisanachitike kuwunikiridwa, asanaletsedwe kumwa msuzi wotsekemera kapena zakumwa zilizonse ndi shuga, sambani mano anu ndikudya chilichonse. Kutafuna chingamu ndi maswiti amaletsedwanso.

Kuwunikaku sikumapereka kumbuyo kwa kupsinjika, kulimbitsa thupi, kudwala kwa ana - nawo zotsatira zimatha kupotozedwa.

Pofufuza, amagwiritsa ntchito magazi kuchokera pachala, kuchokera kwa makanda amatha kumwa kuchokera chidendene. Nthawi zina, magazi a venous amatengedwa kuti akawonedwe. Pofuna kuthana ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga pamaso pa matenda ashuga omwe akhazikitsidwa kale, gluceter kunyumba amagwiritsidwa ntchito - zida zapadera zamagetsi zomwe zimayeza kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi dontho la magazi.

Ngati mukukayika pazotsatira, kuyesedwa kwa nkhawa kumatha kuyesedwa - kuyezetsa magazi angapo ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi muyeso wazowonetsa musananyamule, pambuyo pa ola limodzi ndi maola awiri.

Zoyenera kuchita ndi shuga yayikulu m'magazi?

Ngati shuga wambiri wapezeka ndipo mwana wapezeka ndi matenda a shuga, chithandizo chikhala mu magawo awiri:

• Kumwa mankhwala osinthika kagayidwe kachakudya, kapena jakisoni wa insulin
• Kuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi machitidwe oyesa kunyumba
• Zakudya zopatsa thanzi zopatsa mphamvu.

Kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga kumabweretsa kufunikira kowunikira mosalekeza ndi endocrinologist; matendawa ndi matenda omwe amakhala moyo wonse omwe amafunikira kuwunikira pafupipafupi za kuchuluka kwa zakudya komanso shuga. Sukulu yapadera, yomwe imapezeka m'mizinda yonse, idzathandiza kuphunzitsa mwana ndi makolo ake kuti azikhala ndi matenda ashuga. Pamenepo muphunzira za kusiyanasiyana konse kwa zakudya, kugwiritsa ntchito insulin ndi mankhwala komanso mawonekedwe amachitidwe.

Paretskaya Alena, wazachipatala, wowonera zachipatala

Maonero okwanira 1,637, 1 malingaliro lero

Chizindikiro chimodzi chofunikira cha magazi ndi glucose. Mlingo wake uyenera kuyesedwa ndi pafupipafupi nthawi 1 pachaka. Kuyesedwa kwa shuga kwa mwana kumatha kuchitika pang'onopang'ono kapena kunyumba pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera - glucometer.

Glucose (shuga) ndi gawo lofunikira lamphamvu mthupi la mwana. Imagwira nawo mu kagayidwe kachakudya, kudyetsa ubongo minofu ndipo ndikofunikira kuti magwiridwe antchito amanjenjemera.

Magazi a shuga am'magazi amatengera msinkhu wa mwana. Chifukwa chake, mwa makanda, chizolowezi chimakhala mu mndandanda wa 2.8-4.4 mmol / l. Mu ana asukulu zam'mbuyo, chizindikirochi chimawonetsedwa kukhala 3.3-5 mmol / l, ndi kwa ana asukulu - 3.3-5.5.

Momwe mungayesere mayeso

Kuyesedwa kwa shuga kwa ana kumachitika mu labotale komwe magazi amatengedwa kuchokera mu mtsempha kapena chala. Kutsimikiza kwa shuga m'magazi a capillary kuchokera pachala kumathanso ku labotale kapena kunyumba pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer yopanga zoweta kapena zakunja. Mwa ana aang'ono, magazi amatha kutengedwa kuchokera kuphazi kapena chidendene.

Momwe mungaperekere magazi a shuga kwa mwana? Mukatha kudya m'matumbo, michere yambiri imasweka ndikupanga ma monosugars osavuta omwe amamwa. Mwa anthu onse athanzi, ndiye kuti glucose okhazikika m'magazi 2 maola atatha kudya. Chifukwa chake, kutsimikiza kwa glucose kumatchedwa "shuga wamagazi."

Magazi kuti atsimikizire shuga ayenera kumwedwa m'mawa asanadye chakudya cham'mawa. Asanapendekeze, mwana sayenera kudya ndi kumwa kwambiri kwa maola 10-12. Komanso, ayenera kukhala wodekha komanso osachita masewera olimbitsa thupi panthawiyi.

Shuga wabwinobwino mwa ana

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa ana kumadalira zaka ndi thanzi. Ndi matenda, zomwe zili mu mwana zimasintha.

Kodi shuga ayenera kukhala chiyani mwa ana? Glucose ndiye gawo lalikulu kwambiri m'maselo a thupi pakupanga mphamvu, ATP. Glycogen amapangidwa kuchokera ku glucose mu chiwindi ndi minofu, yomwe ndi malo ake osungirako thupi pamene chakudya chamafuta sichimabwera ndi chakudya, kapena pogwira ntchito zolimbitsa thupi.

Glucose ndi gawo limodzi la mapuloteni ena ovuta m'thupi. Pentoses amapangidwa kuchokera kwa iwo, popanda momwe kuphatikizira kwa DNA ndi RNA, ATP ndikosatheka. Amafunikanso kaphatikizidwe wa glucuronic acid, wofunikira pakatikati pa bilirubin, poizoni ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Chifukwa chake, shuga amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawiri kawiri pazinthu zambiri, ndipo magazi amawupatsa ziwalo zonse ndi minyewa.

Makhalidwe malinga ndi zaka

Gome - Chikhalidwe cha shuga mwa ana

Mwa makanda ndi ana mpaka chaka, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakhala kotsika, komwe amafotokozedwa ndi mawonekedwe a metabolism. Akamakula, zofuna za chamoyo zomwe zikukula zimachuluka, ndipo zomwe zimakulirakulira zimachuluka. Mu mwana wa zaka 5 ndi kupitirira, msinkhu wa shuga ndi wofanana kale ndi munthu wamkulu.

Mafuta onse ovuta amaphatikizika pakudya chimbudzi kuti chikhale chophweka, chomwe chimalowetsedwa m'matumbo ang'ono, kenako iwo (glucose, fructose, galactose) amalowa m'chiwindi, pomwe fructose ndi galactose amasinthidwa kukhala glucose.

Mphindi 15-30 zoyambirira pambuyo povomerezedwa ndi monosugars m'matumbo a mwana, shuga amatuluka kwambiri, zomwe zimatchedwa zokhudza thupi hyperglycemia. Chifukwa cha malamulo a neuro-endocrine m'thupi mumakhala ma mahomoni omwe amawongolera kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi.

Neuro-humors wamagazi magazi

Pali ma receptor pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi omwe amayankha kuzungulira kwa glucose. Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa ana atatha kudya kapena kuchepa chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa minofu yanjira yachilengedwe yam metabolic imayendetsedwa ndi mahomoni.

• Insulin Hormoni iyi imatulutsidwa m'magazi kuchokera ku kapamba ndipo ndiye mahomoni okhawo omwe amatsitsa shuga. Zimawonjezera kupezeka kwa ma membrane am'magazi a glucose, imayendetsa kaphatikizidwe ka glycogen, lipids ndi mapuloteni.
• Glucagon. Amabisikanso kwa kapamba, koma amakhala ndi zotsatirapo zina, amakula shuga. Mahomoni m'chiwindi amachititsa kuti glycogen awonongeke, yemwe amalowa m'magazi.
• Catecholamines. Adrenaline ndi norepinephrine zimasungidwa kuchokera ku grencogen ya adrenal ndikuwonjezera shuga, ndikuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwa glycogen m'maselo a chiwindi.
• Cortisol. Kulowa kwake m'magazi kumachokera ku ma adrenal gland. Imayambitsa kaphatikizidwe ka glucose (gluconeogenesis) kuchokera ku zinthu zopanda mafuta m'chiwindi. Kuphatikizika kwake ndikutulutsidwa m'magazi kumayendetsedwa ndi pituitary hormone corticotropic hormone (CTG) kapena adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
• ACTH. Amasungidwa m'magazi kuchokera ku chithito gland ndikuyambitsa kaphatikizidwe ndikumasulidwa kwa cortisol ndi catecholamines m'magazi.

Chifukwa chake, chifukwa cha insulin, kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi kumwambamwamba kuposa kwazonse. Zamkati zake zikafika mpaka kumunsi kotsika, magulu atatu a mahomoni omwe amawonjezera msanga wake amatulutsidwa m'magazi.

Kuphatikiza pa mahomoni awa, mahomoni a chithokomiro (thyroxine) amakhudza kagayidwe kazachilengedwe, koma pang'ono.

Mulingo wokwera

M'matenda ena komanso mikhalidwe, shuga wamagazi amatha kuchuluka. Kuchulukitsa shuga pamwamba pamlingo wapamwamba kumatchedwa hyperglycemia. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa mwana ndi izi:

• Matenda a shuga. Mwana nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matenda a shuga a mellitus "amadalira insulin", alemba I, omwe amadziwika ndi kuchepa kwa insulin kuchokera ku kapamba.
• Thirotooticosis. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa katulutsidwe ka mahomoni a chithokomiro, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ma carbohydrate.
• Chotupa cha adrenal gland. Kuchulukitsa katulutsidwe ka cortisol kapena adrenaline, komwe kumakulitsa shuga.Hypersecretion ya cortisol imatha kuyambitsa matenda a shuga.
• Chotupa. Maselo a tumor amatseka kuchuluka kwa ACTH, komwe kumayambitsa kutulutsidwa kwa mahomoni a adrenal, omwe amachititsa kuchuluka kwa glucose.
• Chithandizo cha glucocorticoids. Amayambitsa kaphatikizidwe ka glucose (gluconeogeneis) m'chiwindi, kotero zomwe shuga zimatuluka.
• Kupsinjika kwanthawi yayitali. Kupsinjika kwa nthawi yayitali kapena kupsinjika kwamthupi kumathandiza kuwonjezera mahomoni opsinjika: ACTH, adrenaline, cortisol. Chifukwa chake, monga njira yoteteza ku kupsinjika, mulingo wa shuga m'magazi umakwera.

Zomwe muyenera kudziwa za matenda ashuga

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa. Zizindikiro monga:

• ludzu lochulukirapo, mwana amamwa madzi ambiri (polydipsia),
• kuchuluka kwa mkodzo wa tsiku ndi tsiku kumawonjezeka (polyuria),
• kuchuluka kwa chakudya, makamaka maswiti,
• kutopa, kufooka ndi kugona,
• kuchepetsa thupi
• thukuta.

Zomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko cha matendawa zitha kukhala:

• cholowa
• kunenepa
• kuchepa chitetezo chokwanira
• kulemera kwakukulu (kuposa makilogalamu 4.5).

Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga chimayikidwa ndi dokotala wa ana kapena endocrinologist ndipo amapereka malingaliro pazakudya zapadera, kugona ndi kupuma. Ngati ndi kotheka, kuyesedwa kwatsatanetsatane (mayeso a kulolera glucose, i.e. shuga amapindika) ndi kutsimikiza kwa glycosylated hemoglobin (zovuta za hemoglobin ndi glucose) ziyenera kumwedwa.

Nthawi zina mwana amatha kukhala ndi "mtundu wotsika wa matenda ashuga." Mwana aliyense ndi payekha. Zochitika mthupi lake zimatha kukhala zochuluka kotero kuti kuchuluka kwa insulini kumayikidwa pang'onopang'ono wamafuta omwe amadya, ndipo pambuyo maola 2 adzakhala ndi shuga m'magazi ake. Amawerengedwa kuti ndi athanzi popanda chizindikiro cha matenda ashuga.

Komabe, mukamadya chakudya chambiri, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti insulini itulutsidwe, kapamba amatha, ndipo matendawa amatha kuonekeranso ndi zizindikiro zake zonse.

Mulingo wotsika

Zinthu zotsatirazi zimatha kuyambitsa hypoglycemia (kutsitsa shuga).

• Pancreatitis Ndi matenda am'mimba oterewa, kutulutsidwa kwa michere m'mimba kuti chakudya chichepe (alpha-amylase) yafupika.
• Enteritis Chimbudzi ndi kupopera kwa chakudya zimapezeka m'matumbo aang'ono, motero njirayi imasokonekera. Zotsatira zake zimakhala shuga wamagazi osakwanira.
• Insulinoma. Chotupa cha pancreatic chimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa insulin ("hyperinsulinism"), komwe kumatsitsa shuga.
• Matenda osachiritsika Ndi hemoblastoses, leukemia, lymphomas, hypoglycemia imatha kuwonedwa.
• Matenda a ubongo. Congenital kapena anapeza ma pathologies a muubongo, zotsatira za kuvulala zingayambitsenso kuchepa kwa shuga.
• Sarcoidosis Izi ndizosowa kwambiri muubwana, koma kupezeka kwake kumayambitsa hypoglycemia.
• Njala yayitali. Kuperewera kwa chakudya chamafuta, komwe kumafunikira kukwaniritsa zosowa za thupi lomwe likukula, kumapangitsa kuti shuga wambiri azikhala ochepa.
• Intoxication. Zowonongeka zowopsa ndi mchere wazitsulo zolemera, mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Mafuta a mwana akatsika pang'ono (3.3 mmol / L), amatha kusokonezeka, kuda nkhawa, thukuta, komanso kufuna kudya maswiti. Chizungulire ndi kukomoka zingachitike. Zakudya zokhala ndi chakudya kapena shuga zimabwezeretseka.

Pomaliza

Mwazi wa m'magazi mwa ana ndi chizindikiro chofunikira chomwe chikuwonetsa mkhalidwe wa metabolism ndi thanzi la mwana.

Kuwunikira pafupipafupi zomwe zili m'magazi a mwana kumakuthandizani kuti mukhale otsimikiza zaumoyo wake, ndipo ngati chizindikirocho chikuchoka pamachitidwe, mutha kubwezeretsa nthawi yake yokhazikika, popanda kuyembekeza kukula kwa matenda akulu komanso zotsatira zoyipa.

Zimayambitsa kupatuka kwa shuga kuchokera pachizolowezi

Shuga wodukidwa sikuti amayamba chifukwa cha matenda owopsa komanso osachiritsika - matenda ashuga. Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro sizili zolondola chifukwa chakuti mwanayo sanakonzekere bwino mayeso (mwachitsanzo, kudya chakudya).Kuchulukitsa kwa shuga kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha nkhawa kapena nkhawa ya mwana, chifukwa m'mikhalidwe yotere timadzi tambiri timene timayambitsa matenda a chithokomiro. Kudya zakudya zamagulu ochulukirapo komanso zakudya zama calorie ambiri kumathandizanso kuti shuga azikhala ndi nthawi yochepa.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kupatuka kwakanthawi kwa shuga kuchokera ku chizolowezi chopita m'mwamba: kutentha thupi ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, kupweteka, kuwotcha, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a anti-yotupa.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga kungakhale chifukwa cha zovuta zazikulu. Matenda a adrenal ndi pituitary, onenepa kwambiri, zotupa za kapamba zimayambitsa.

Insulin ndi chinthu chokhacho mthupi la munthu chomwe chimatsitsa shuga. Amapangidwa m'matumba a kapamba amunthu. Mwana akakhala wonenepa kwambiri, ndiye kuti kapamba amagwira ntchito ndi katundu wambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asungidwe posakhalitsa. Zotsatira zake, shuga wambiri.

Ngati shuga yamagazi imakhala ndi mtengo wopitilira 6mmol / l, pamenepo madokotala adzazindikira mwana wodwala matenda ashuga. Matendawa amatha kudzetsa mavuto akulu: kuwonongeka kwa mtima, mitsempha yamagazi, impso, maso, mantha.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo?

Kuwonjezera shuga nthawi zambiri kumachitika mwa ana omwe ali ndi vuto la chibadwa cha matenda awa. Chifukwa chake, ngati kholo limodzi lili ndi matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti chiwopsezo chotenga matendawa mwa mwanayo ndi 10%. Komanso, shuga wowonjezera nthawi zambiri amawonedwa amapasa onse awiri.

Vuto lachiwiri lowopsa ndi onenepa kwambiri. Zingayambitse matenda a shuga a 2.

Shuga wokwera amathanso kupewetsa chitetezo m'thupi, kuchepa kwa Vitamini D mthupi, kunenepa kwambiri kwa akhanda, kuyamba koyambirira kudya mwana mkaka wa ng'ombe kapena zakudya.

Choyambitsa matenda a shuga 1 sichitha kukhala matenda oopsa: rubella, Coxsackie, cytomegalovirus.

Momwe mungakonzekere mwana wanu kuyezetsa magazi?

Ndikothekanso kuweruza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pokhapokha ngati mayesowo atawonetsa zotsatira zake. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kumukonzekeretsa bwino mwanayo ndondomeko.

Chakudya chotsiriza sichikhala pasanathe maola 8 mayeso asanayambe. Pamaso pa njirayi, ndizoletsedwa kumwa zotsekemera kapena koloko, tiyi, khofi, bwezerani mano anu (chifukwa shuga amaphatikizidwa ndi dzino). Chungamu chimaletsedwanso.

Kuvomerezedwa ndi njirayi ndi matenda a mwana, chifukwa pa nthawi ino zinthu za m'magazi zimatha kusiyanasiyana.

Zizindikiro zake

Zizindikiro zotsatirazi zitha kuonetsa vuto la mwana ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi: kumva ludzu pafupipafupi, kukamwa kofoka, kufooka, kugona, kukoka pafupipafupi, mseru, mutu, kutopa kwambiri.

Zizindikiro izi zitha kuchenjeza za matenda osokoneza bongo mwa mwana. Zizindikiro zowonjezereka za matendawa ndi dzanzi la miyendo, kukwiya, kuchiritsa kwa mabala, kuchepa kwa mawonekedwe, kuchepa kwambiri kwa thupi, kudya kwambiri, chilakolako chosaletseka cha maswiti, khungu loyabwa ndi ena.

Ngati zizindikiro zingapo ndi shuga za shuga zikuwoneka, makolo ayenera kulumikizana ndi dokotala wa ana komanso endocrinologist.

Kuzindikira shuga mwa ana

Ndikofunikira kuti mupange kusanthula kwa shuga kamodzi pamwezi uliwonse kapena chaka chilichonse ndikumuyesa mwanayo.

Kuti mudziwe shuga wamwazi, muyenera kukonzekera bwino ndondomekoyi. Ngati muphwanya malangizowo pokonzekera kusanthula, pamakhala chiwopsezo cha zotsatira zolakwika.

Kupereka magazi kumayenera kuchitidwa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Kudya makamaka maola 8-12 musanachitike njirayi.Zamadzimadzi zimatha kuledzera, osangokhala zotsekemera komanso zopanda mpweya. Osatsuka mano, chifukwa ma pastes ambiri amakhala ndi shuga. Sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazomwezi. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zimakhudzanso shuga, chifukwa chake ayenera kuphatikizidwanso maola ochepa mayeso asanachitike. Ana amatenga magazi kuti awapimire kuchokera kuchala chala.

Mutha kudziwa zotsatira za magazi a shuga, pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera - glucometer.

Komabe, nthawi zina chifukwa chotsekeka kotsekemera chubu, mayesowa amatha kuwonongeka ndikuwonetsa zotsatira zolakwika. Njira zowonjezerapo zodziwikiratu zimaphatikizapo kuyesa kwa glucose kulolera, kupindika kwa shuga, komanso kuyesedwa kwa kupezeka kwa glycosylated hemoglobin m'magazi.

Kusintha kwa kuwunika: shuga mu ana a mibadwo yosiyana

Mwazi wa m'magazi mwa ana ndi wotsika kwambiri kuposa akuluakulu.

• Zomwe zimachitika mu makanda zimawerengedwa kuti ndi gawo kuchokera pa 2.8 - 4.4 mmol wa shuga pa lita.
• M'maphunziro otsogola, chizindikiritso chachilendo ndicho kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi - mpaka 5.0 mmol.
• Magazi a glucose msukulu ayenera kukhala mpaka 5, 5 mmol pa lita.
• Muubwana, shuga azitha kufika pa 5.83 mmol / L.

Mwa makanda, index yotsika shuga imakhala chifukwa cha zovuta za metabolic. Mwana akamakula, ndizofunikira za thupi zimachulukirachulukira, chifukwa zotsatira zake zimachepetsa shuga.

Nthawi zina shuga wamagazi amatha kutsika kapena kukwera. Ndondomeko akuwonetsa kukula kwa matenda m'thupi la ana. Chifukwa chake, kupatuka kulikonse kuchokera pachizindikiro wamba sikunganyalanyazidwe.

Mwazi wa m'mwazi umakwezedwa: zoyambitsa ndi zizindikiro

Kupatuka kuchoka pachiwonetsero mpaka pakuwonjezereka kwa chizindikiro kumatchedwa hyperglycemia. Zotsatirazi zingapangitse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi:

• Zakudya zopanda shuga zomwe zili zopanda shuga
• Kuphwanya chithokomiro, chamba cha adrenal, England
• Zovuta za kapamba zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa insulin
• Kunenepa kwambiri
• Mavuto Amisala
• Hypodynamia
• Matenda Opatsirana pafupipafupi
• Kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo a anti-yotupa kwa nthawi yayitali

Kuwonjezeka kwa shuga kumatha kuchitika chifukwa chosakonzekera molondola kusanthula - kudya chakudya musanachitike.

Ngati nthawi yayitali mu ana pali kupatuka kuchoka ku 6.1 mmol pa lita, ndiye kuti izi zikuwonetsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga. Zizindikiro zimasonyezanso matendawa:

• Udzu wokhazikika
• Kufunika kwa maswiti
• Kugona kosokoneza
• Zofooka
• Kusakwiya komanso kusinthasintha
• Kuchepetsa thupi

Ndikofunikanso kudziwa kuti zomwe zimayambitsa kupezeka kwa matenda a m'magazi ndi chida cham'tsogolo, chitetezo chamthupi chofooka, kulemera kwa kilogalamu yopitilira anayi ndi theka, komanso kuperewera kwamatumbo. Ndi zizindikirazi, muyenera kufunsa dokotala yemwe azindikire kukhalapo kapena kusapezeka kwa matendawa ndikuti akupatseni chithandizo chofunikira.

Njira zochizira hyperglycemia

Njira yayikulu yothandizira matenda a hyperglycemia ndikuchotsa zomwe zimayambitsa shuga. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kuchitira matenda a pathological, makamaka ana, ndikusankha kwakanema kwa mankhwala sikovomerezeka. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kulumikizana ndi katswiri yemwe azitsimikizira chifukwa chake kuchuluka kwa shuga kwakwera ndikupereka chithandizo choyenera.

Matenda a shuga m'magazi amaphatikiza njira zotsatirazi:

• Zakudya zoyenera
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala achikhalidwe
• Masewera olimbitsa thupi
• Zakudya

Zakudya zoyenera za hyperglycemia zimatengera kuchepetsa zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi zakudya zomwe zimatengedwa mwachangu mthupi. Chifukwa chake, simungathe kudya maswiti, nsomba zamafuta ndi nyama, nkhuyu, mphesa, mbale zosuta, pickles ndi shuga wambiri.

Zothandiza Vider - Zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda ashuga mwana:

Zipatso, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, zomwe zimaphatikizapo fiber, mchere ndi mavitamini, zimathandizira kuchepetsa shuga. Yalimbikitsa:

• Kiwi
• Ndimu
• chipatso cha mphesa
• Kaloti
• Tomato
• Nkhaka
• Ziphuphu
• Mitundu
• Dzungu
• Zukini
• Beetroot
• Kabichi
• Jamu
• Lingonberry
• Cranberries
• Blueberries
• Nyanja yakumwa
• Phulusa laphiri

Kuyambira nyama ndibwino kuphika mbale zanthete kuchokera ku veal, nkhuku, kalulu. Zopanda mafuta a lactic acid opanda mafuta amatha kudya.

Zakudya zokhala ndi shuga wambiri zimathandizira kuchepetsa kwake.

Popewa matenda a shuga, simungadye mikate yoyera. Ndi hyperglycemia, mkate wa chinangwa ndi wangwiro. Ndikofunikanso pa chithandizo kuti musamadye kwambiri komanso kumwa madzi ambiri popanda shuga. Ndikofunikira kuti magawo akhale ochepa, ndibwino kudya pafupipafupi.

Maphunziro akuthupi ndi masewera ali ndi zotsatira zabwino pa shuga wamagazi. Ana amasukulu ampingo wamaphunziro ndi ana asukulu amalimbikitsidwa kuti ayende momwe angathere. Zatsimikiziridwa kuti zochitika zamasewera zimayambitsa kudya shuga, zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa shuga mthupi.

Chithandizo ndi malamulo a zopatsa thanzi kwa mwana yemwe ali ndi shuga yayikulu magazi

Ngati dotolo adazindikira kuti mwana ali ndi matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti mankhwalawa adzaphatikizapo njira zitatu zofunika: kumwa mankhwala (mtundu 1 wa matenda ashuga - jakisoni wa insulin), kuwunika misempha ya magazi tsiku lililonse, ndikutsatira zakudya zokhwima.

Mwana akapezeka ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba (inshuwaransi), vuto lofunika kwambiri pamankhwala ndikusintha kwa mankhwalawa, chifukwa chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe amakhala nazo atatenga nthawi yayitali: wodwala matenda ashuga komanso vuto la matenda.

M'pofunika kuti muchepetse zakudya za chakudya chopatsa mphamvu komanso zopatsa mphamvu zambiri. Patulani kwathunthu maswiti: maswiti, makeke ndi makeke, ma bun, jams, zipatso zouma, chokoleti ndi ena. Zogulitsa zotere zimakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa glucose, komwe kumalowa mwachangu m'magazi.

Chakudyacho chiphatikiza masamba abwino okhala ndi mavitamini ambiri: dzungu, zukini, nkhaka, tomato, kabichi, amadyera. Amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito mkate wa protein-chinangwa, mitundu yochepa yamafuta a nyama ndi nsomba, mankhwala amkaka, zipatso wowawasa, zipatso.

Xylitol imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ngati cholowa m'malo mwa shuga (zosaposa 30 magalamu pa kugogoda). Koma muyenera kutenga fructose mosamala kwambiri. Ponena za uchi, madokotala ambiri amatsutsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake.

Kuti mupenyetsetsedwe wa shuga wamagazi, glucometer yonyamula ingagulidwe ku pharmacy. Miyeso ya shuga iyenera kuchitika pafupipafupi kanayi pa tsiku, ndipo zotsatira zake ziyenera kulembedwa kope kapena kope. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolakwika za chipangizochi kutha kuonedwa, chifukwa chake nthawi zina ndikofunikira kuyesedwa magazi. Zingwe zopimidwa zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi zida siziyenera kusungidwa panja, chifukwa kusintha kwa mankhwala kungawononge malonda.

Njira yabwino yobwezeretsanso shuga m'magazi ndikuwongolera zochita za mwana. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kuvina ndikwabwino makamaka kwa matenda ashuga a 2.

Zithandizo za anthu

Pakumwa pakamwa, mankhwala opangira mankhwala a mankhwala amakonzedwa omwe ali ndi vuto loyipa:

• Amachoka
• Mafuta
• Lingonberry (masamba)
• Wort wa St.
• Linden maluwa
• Masamba a Blueberry
• Chitumbuwa cha mbalame
• Sage
• Hawthorn
• Chingory (udzu kapena mizu)

Mutha kukonzanso infusions kuchokera pamitengo ya mankhwala azomera:

• Chinsinsi choyamba. Pindani ndikuyika zosakaniza zofanana ndi nyemba za nyemba zosankhira, mavu a chimanga, masamba a mabulosi, mabulosi.
• Chinsinsi chachiwiri. Ndi izi muyenera: magawo asanu - centaury ndi ma burdock rhizomes, anayi - chicory, atatu - ananyamuka m'chiuno ndi mamawort, awiri - timbewu, birch.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.Ndi kukula msanga kwa matenda ashuga, dokotala amamulembera mankhwala ochepetsa shuga m'mapiritsi kapena jakisoni wa insulin.

Kodi kudutsa kuwunikaku ndikumkonzekera bwanji mwana?

Kuyezetsa magazi kwa shuga kumatengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, mwana asanakhale ndi nthawi yakudya chilichonse, popeza chakudya chilichonse kapena chakumwa chochepera maola 10 mayeso atatsala pang'ono kuyesedwa amatha kusokoneza chidziwitsocho. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti musambitseni mano musanayambe kuyesa, chifukwa ngati mwana ameza pang'ono dzino lokoma, izi zingakhudzenso zotsatira zake.

Nthawi zambiri, kuyezetsa magazi kumachitika kuchokera kuchala, komwe kumapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito chida chachipatala - chomwe chimachepetsa. Zotsatira zake zakonzeka tsiku lomwelo kapena m'mawa wotsatira.

Ndizothekanso kupereka magazi pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chonyamula - glucometer. Iyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yotengera kuwunikiridwa kwa mwana, chifukwa makolo onse amadziwa momwe zimavutira kuti mwana wawo alole kuti chibooledwe, ngakhale ana atatha zaka 10. Komanso, chipangizochi chimapereka zotsatira za shuga m'magazi nthawi yomweyo. Koma njirayi ili ndi minus imodzi - cholakwika chaching'ono chofunikira ndizotheka.

Atalandira zotsatira za kuyesedwa kwa magazi a mwana, adokotala ayambanso kuwunika ndikupeza yankho lavutoli. Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikokwera kwambiri, dokotala adzazindikira matenda a hyperglycemia.

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Zoyambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa ana

Zinthu zoyambirira zofunikira zomwe mwana angakulitse shuga m'magazi zitha kukhala zochuluka. Mulimonsemo, kufunsira kwa dokotala kumafunika, chifukwa izi nthawi zonse zimakhala chizindikiro cha matenda. Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumachitika chifukwa cha zovuta zina mthupi:

• chiwindi kapena matenda a impso,
• kulakwitsa kwa kapamba,
• matenda ashuga
• kutopa, kuchepa chitetezo chokwanira, kufooka thupi kapena kutaya mtima,
• matenda amodzi omwe amathandizidwa ndi maantibayotiki.

Kuti mumvetsetse zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa mwana, ndikofunikira kuti adziwe zoyenera kudziwa, kenako adotolo azitha kukupatsani chithandizo choyenera chazovuta zomwe zadziwika. Ndizosatheka kuchedwetsa kusaka njira mwanjira, ngati mungachedwe kapena kuyesa kudzilankhulira nokha, izi zitha kubweretsa zotsatirapo zoyipa zazikulu.

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Zizindikiro zofananira kuphwanya chizolowezi cha shuga m'magazi a mwana

Kutsika kapena kuchulukirapo kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi nthawi zonse kumayendetsedwa ndi mawonekedwe owonekera, mosasamala kanthu kuti mwana ali ndi zaka zingati, zomwe ziyenera kupangitsa makolo kukhala ndi nkhawa ndikulingalira kuphwanya. Komabe, zizindikiro za hyperglycemia zimasiyana ndi zizindikiro za hypoglycemia, motero ndikofunikira kuti athe kusiyanitsa.

Ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, mwana amayamba kufooka, chizungulire chikuwoneka, ntchito zamagalimoto zimachepa, nthawi zina mseru ndi kusowa kwathunthu kwa chidwi kumachitika. Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumachepera, mwana amatha kukhala ndi vuto lochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, limodzi ndi nkhawa zowonjezereka komanso kulakalaka kudya, mosasamala kanthu kuti ndi wamkulu bwanji. Mwanayo amatha kufunsa maswiti nthawi zonse.

Poona kusintha kulikonse kwa mwana kapena mkhalidwe wake waumoyo, makolo ayenera kufunsa dokotala posachedwa ndikuyezetsa magazi. Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti kupatuka kwa glucose chizizindikiro kumakhalanso chizindikiro cha matendawa, ndipo kuti mudziwe kuti ndi uti, katswiri adzakufotokozerani njira zina zodziwira matenda.

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Momwe mungakhazikitsire shuga lanu lamagazi

Ngati kuwunika kwa mwana kwawonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, mutha kuyesa kuyikhazikitsa. Zochita zazikulu zomwe makolo angachite ndi:

1. Mupatseni mwana mtendere ndi kupumula, kuchepetsa zochitika, chotsani nkhawa zilizonse.
2. Kulimbitsa ukhondo wa mwana tsiku ndi tsiku kuti muchepetse kuyabwa ndi khungu.
3. Kutsatira zakudya zosafunikira, zomwe dokotala adzakulemberani kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwamafuta ndi chakudya cholowa thupi.
4. Kutenga mavitamini ovuta kuwonjezera chitetezo chokwanira.
5. Onjezani ku moyo wa mwana wanu kunja, kusambira kapena zosangalatsa, makamaka kwa ana opitirira zaka 10.

Njira zonsezi ziyenera kuchitidwa motsatana ndi chithandizo chachikulu cha vuto chomwe chimadzetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Nokha, kuchuluka kwa glucose ndikosowa, motero ndikofunikira kuti muchotse zomwe zimayambitsa.

Bwererani ku tebulo la zamkati

Mbiri ndi zoopsa za matenda ashuga

Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a mwana kumachulukirachulukira, ichi chikhoza kukhala chizindikiro choti akudwala matenda ashuga. Makamaka ngati kuyesedwa kwa magazi kotereku kumayendetsedwa ndi chilimbikitso chowonjezereka ndi ludzu, kufooka ndi kugona. Gululi lomwe lili pachiwopsezo chachikulu limaphatikizapo ana omwe ali ndi chitetezo chofooka, thupi lolemera, komanso iwo omwe achibale awo amapezeka ndi matenda a shuga.

Kuopsa kwa matendawa sikuti m'tsogolomu, mwana ayenera kutsatira zakudya zapadera moyo wake wonse komanso kumwa mankhwala apadera - insulin. Matendawa amakhudza ntchito ya chamoyo chonse, ndipo kupezeka kwake kungakhale kotsitsimula kopangitsa matenda ena ambiri.

Chifukwa chake, kufunikira koyang'anira ndi kusungabe kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa mwana kumatsimikiziridwa ndi chitetezo cha thanzi lake kwa moyo wonse. Chifukwa chake, kufikira kwa dokotala ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira zodzitetezera kuyenera kukhala njira yayikulu yakusamalira makolo.

• Ndani wadzipereka ku matendawa?
• Type 2 shuga
• Zoyambitsa matenda a shuga ana
• Zizindikiro za matendawa
• Zovuta zake ndi ziti?
• Kuzindikira
• Thandizo loyamba la shuga wambiri
• Kodi ndimotani momwe mungachiritsire matenda a shuga?
• Zakudya ndi thanzi thanzi
• Njira zina zochizira
• Malangizo othandiza komanso kupewa

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda a endocrine dongosolo lomwe kukula kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi (hyperglycemia) kumachitika chifukwa chosakwanira kupanga mahomoni a insulin chifukwa cha kapamba.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya matenda ashuga

• Pa matenda 1 amtundu wa insulin, insulini imapangidwa pang'ono kapena imaleka kupangidwa konse, chifukwa chake misempha yamwazi imakwezedwa.
• Type 2 shuga mellitus ndikoyenera kupanga insulin, koma kuthekera kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake: glucose samalowa m'maselo amthupi, koma amadziunjikira m'magazi.

Ana omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga ali ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga zovuta ndi matenda ophatikizika, chifukwa ndi kukula kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwa metabolism popanda chithandizo chokwanira, matendawa amapita mwachangu kwambiri. Ngati vuto lofananalo likupezeka khanda (mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi), kupezeka kwa matenda a neonatal matenda a shuga kungapangike, nthawi zambiri kumangosintha zokha.

Ndani wadzipereka ku matendawa?

Gulu lalikulu lomwe likuvutika ndi matenda akulu ndi anthu azaka zopitilira 40 (oposa 80%). Mwa 90% ya anthu odwala matenda ashuga, matenda amtundu wa 2 apezeka. Muubwana (mpaka zaka 14), matenda amtunduwu ndi osowa kwambiri. Chiwopsezo chonse cha anthu pafupifupi 3%, pakati pa ana - osaposa 0.2%, ndipo mwa odwala onse - pafupifupi 5%.

M'badwo wambiri wa matenda ashuga mwa ana ndi zaka 10-12, nyengo ndi nthawi yophukira-yozizira.

Type 2 shuga

Pafupifupi matenda onse a ana amaphatikizidwa ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga.

Kupezeka kwamatendawa pasanathe zaka 14 sikunachitike. Kuwonetsedwa kwa matendawa kumawonedwa pakukula kwaunyamata ndikuchepetsedwa kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya, kuwonjezeka kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi.

Zoyambitsa matenda a shuga ana

Zikuyenera cholowa chimakhala gawo lalikulu pakuwonekera kwa matenda m'mwana: Nthawi zambiri, mamembala apamtima amakhala ndi matenda ashuga 2. Ngati makolo onse ali ndi matenda ashuga, chiwopsezo cha kukula kwa ana chimafika pa 80%, ndipo izi zitha kuchitika kumayambiriro kwa moyo komanso zaka 10-30. “Matenda” obwera chifukwa cha matenda omwe amadalira insulin ndi osowa: mwa 4% yokha.

Kuthandiza kwakukulu pakupangika kwa matenda akulu ali kulemera kwa kubadwa: Chiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga ndichokwera mwa ana obadwa kuposa 4,5 kg. kulemera.

Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti kutsegula kwa matendawa kumachitika pambuyo pa matenda oyambitsidwa ndi tizilombo (mwachitsanzo, adenovirus, nthomba, rubella, mumps, hepatitis). Mothandizidwa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ma cell a pancreatic amawonongeka, chifukwa chake amataya kutulutsa kwathunthu insulin.

Mosiyana ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amadalira insulin atha kukhala:

• kudya kwambiri, makamaka - chokoleti, mankhwala ophika buledi, zakudya zotsekemera,
• kunenepa
• kusowa zolimbitsa thupi
• chitetezo chochepa, kuzizira pafupipafupi,
• matenda ena endocrine,
• matenda a autoimmune (systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatism, glomerulonephritis).

Komabe, kupezeka kwa chibadwa ndi kumene kumayambitsa matenda amtundu uliwonse wa shuga. Kusiyanaku kumawonedwa pokhapokha komwe kumapangitsa kuti chiyambire: kwa mtundu woyamba ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda, chifukwa chachiwiri nthawi zambiri kunenepa kwambiri.

Mavuto a matendawa

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda osachiritsika. Nthawi zambiri, mwana amakhala ndi nthawi pomwe kufunika kwa insulin yowonjezereka kumatsika kwambiri, chifukwa chomwe makolo amazindikira izi ngati chizindikiro choti achira. Koma, pafupifupi nthawi zonse, chikhululukiro chakanthawi chimasinthidwa ndikuchulukirachulukira, kotero mukatha kukonza muyenera kukhala osamala nthawi zonse!

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumayambitsa kutuluka kwamkodzo kwamatenda, kuchepa kwa magazi m'maselo, kuchepa kwa magazi, kusowa kwa mpweya, motero, hypoxia ndi kutupa kwaubongo. Vutoli limakulirakulira chifukwa chachulukidwe zobisika za matupi a ketone (makamaka acetone ndi acetic acid) m'magazi, zomwe zimayambitsa thupi. Ngati jakisoni wa insulin sanaperekedwe kwa mwana mu nthawi, amatha kumwalira patangopita maola ochepa atayamba kufooka, chizungulire, kumaso, kuperewera, nseru, miyendo yozizira, kununkhira kwa acetone kuchokera mkamwa).

Zotsatira za matenda ashuga ndizowopsa. Kuphwanya mitundu yonse ya kagayidwe, makamaka osayang'ana thanzi la ana komanso kusatsatira njira zamankhwala, pang'onopang'ono zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwamanjenje, ziwiya zazing'ono.

Shuga wambiri amatsogolera kuphatikiza kwa glucose ndi mapuloteni, ndipo, chifukwa chake, kuphwanya kapangidwe ka minofu. Pafupifupi odwala onse amadwala chifukwa chowonjezereka magazi, kukula pang'onopang'ono kwa kulephera kwa impso, kukulitsa chiwindi, arteriosranceosis, ndi matenda amkati. Mukakula, nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi zilonda zam'mimba zomwe sizichiritsa, zovuta zam'mphepete, kukula kwamatenda owopsa komanso matenda amisala.

Mwana yemwe wapezeka ndi matenda a shuga nthawi zambiri amakhala woperewera pogwira ntchito ndi gulu la olumala.

Kuzindikira ndi kusanthula

Ngati mukukayikira kuti matendawa atakula, muyenera kulumikizana ndi adokotala a ana.

Mayeso a matenda a shuga ndi awa:

• Kuyesedwa kwa magazi koopsa pa shuga m'mimba yopanda kanthu (oposa 6.1 mmol / l - shuga mellitus, oposa 5.6 mmol / l - glycemia - prediabetesic state).
• Urinalysis (zimatsimikiziridwa ndi zomwe zili ndi shuga, acetone, zomwe nthawi zambiri sizikupezeka).
• Kuphatikiza apo, pofuna kudziwa mtundu wa matenda a shuga ndi omwe amapatsidwa kuyeserera kwa shuga, kutsimikiza kwa insulin ndi glycosylated hemoglobin.

Kuunika kwa kapamba kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito ultrasound, MRI.

Thandizo loyamba la shuga wambiri

Ngati wodwala matenda ashuga atha kuwonongeka, choyambirira, mwachangu kuyeza shuga. Ndiwonjezere kwa 14 mmol / l okhala ndi matenda amtundu wa 1, jakisoni wa insulini amapangidwa, kenako amapatsidwa chakumwa chachikulu. Kupenda kwapang'onopang'ono kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga kumachitika maola awiri aliwonse mpaka kutengera kwake. Pakakhala kusintha kwakukulu pambuyo pa maola awiri oyamba, ndikofunikira kuyitanitsa gulu la madokotala ndikuyambitsa wodwala kuchipatala.

Type 2 shuga ndi shuga wambiri kukonza ndi kumwa madzi ambiri amamineral, njira yofooka ya koloko, enema ndi koloko, kupukutira thupi ndi thaulo lonyowa, kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga.

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga kwa ana

Mfundo za mankhwalawa mtundu wa matenda ashuga 1 ndi mankhwala osankhidwa bwino a insulin osakanikirana ndi zakudya zapadera. Pofuna kubwezeretsanso kuchuluka kwa mahomoni, omwe nthawi zambiri amapangidwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana masana, usiku, asanadye komanso atadya, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda ashuga. Mankhwala omwe akhala akuchita kwa nthawi yayitali amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chithandizo chachikulu ndipo amathandizidwa pogona kapena pakati pa chakudya. Nthawi zina mwana amangofunika jakisoni 1 wa insulin tsiku lililonse.

Mankhwala a Hormonal aifupi, a ultrashort action (protofan, actropide, levemir), monga lamulo, amaikidwa pambuyo chakudya, makamaka omwe amakhala ndi chakudya kuti azitha kutengera kutulutsa kwa mahomoni poyankha kudya. Zinthu zophatikiza zimakhala ndi mitundu yonse ya insulin.

Gawo lofunika kwambiri la chithandizo chamankhwala ndi kuwongolera kwa mayi pamlingo wa mahomoni mwa mwana: musanadye chilichonse, musanagone, komanso 3 a.m. (nthawi 1 / sabata) komanso pambuyo pamavuto pang'ono. Kutengera manambala omwe amapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer, njira ya insulin dosing ndi mtundu wa mankhwala ndizotsimikiza. Wapakati tsiku lililonse mahomoni kwa mwana ndi 0.5-2 mayunitsi / kg., Pomwe kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe akhala akuchita kwa nthawi yayitali ndi 50%, nthawi zambiri nthawi ziwiri. 50% yotsala imagwera pa insulin yochepa, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mukatha kudya. Kumayambiriro kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito zolembera zapadera za syringe, kuyambira wazaka 7-8 - ndi mwana yekhayo.

Kuchiza matenda a shuga a 2 kumaphatikizanso kukula kwa kulemera kwa thupi, zakudya zosankhidwa bwino zomwe zimakhala ndi maswiti, komanso kuwonjezereka kwa zochita zolimbitsa thupi za mwana. Mankhwala azitsamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito, othandizira ena a hypoglycemic, osowa - kuyambitsa kwa insulin kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa acetone m'magazi.

Kuchiritsa kwathunthu kwa matenda ashuga kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kufalikira kwa kapamba, komanso ntchito yaposachedwa - kupatsirana kwa maselo a pancreatic islet. Pachifukwa ichi, ziwalo za wopereka wakufa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo atatha kulowererapo, chithandizo chamankhwala cha immunosuppression cha nthawi yayitali chimachitika.

Zakudya ndi thanzi thanzi

Pokonzekera bwino pulogalamu yodyetsa ana, zofuna za tsiku ndi tsiku za mwana pama calories ndi mapuloteni amawerengedwa potengera chikhalidwe.

Shuga ndi shuga woyengedwa samayikidwa kwathunthu, ndipo gawo la zakudya zotsekemera limachepetsedwa kwambiri. Mbatata, mkate wa tirigu, semolina, mpunga amachepetsedwa mu zakudya. Popanda zoletsa, masamba, maapulo, ma currants, nthawi zina zipatso zamtundu wa zipatso zimaperekedwa, kamodzi patsiku, mbewu zamphesa zonse. Sizoletsedwa kudya zokometsera ndi mchere, mchere wambiri, wokazinga, wosuta. Zakudya za mwana zimakhazikitsidwa nthawi 6 / tsiku. Mulimonsemo, sayenera kukhala ndi njala yayikulu.

Kuchiza ndi wowerengeka azitsamba

Pali maphikidwe ambiri otchuka omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda akuluakulu.

Muubwana, mungagwiritse ntchito ena a iwo mwachitsanzo:

• A decoction wamasamba obiriwira amathandiza kuchepetsa shuga. Kupanga supuni ya tiyi yaiwisi, kutsanulira 200 ml. madzi otentha, kutentha kwa mphindi 3, kuloleza kuziziritsa. Mwanayo amwe ndalama zochuluka patsiku katatu.
• Kukhala kofunika kumwa supuni 1 yatsopano ya juwisi wa buluwu patsiku. Chinsinsi ichi chimayendetsa magazi, chimapangitsa kuti mitsempha isawonongeke.
• M'malo momwa tiyi wokhazikika, mutha kupatsa mwana wanu kulowetsedwa kwa zipatso ndi masamba a lingonberry.Zimathandizira kwambiri ndi zovuta za impso za matenda ashuga.
• Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudya walnuts 1-3 tsiku lililonse. Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti njirayi imathandizira kukonza zomwe zimakhala ndi thupi.

Moyo ndi malingaliro

Masewera a shuga, popeza amachepetsa shuga, dzitsani minofu ndi mpweya. Zochita zathupi zonse zimachitidwa mosamalitsa ndi kuvomerezedwa kwa insulin pambuyo pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Nthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso atatha, mwana amapatsidwa chakudya china chowonjezera cha chakudya. Chisankho cha tsiku ndi tsiku chitha kuyimitsidwa pamayendedwe, kuyenda kwakanthawi, kuyenda njinga, masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusewera futsal, etc.

Mu shuga mellitus, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti titenge maphunziro a physiotherapy, kupita kumalo opumulira, komanso maphunziro a psychotherapy.

Zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro za shuga wambiri mwa ana zimakula msanga kwa milungu ingapo. Ngati muli ndi glucometer pafupi, mutha kumawerengetsera mwana masiku osiyanasiyana, kuti pambuyo pake mutha kumuuza dokotala za mawonetseredwe ake onse.

Zizindikiro zilizonse siziyenera kunyalanyazidwa, sizingachitike zokha, zinthu zikuipiraipirabe.

Ana omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba wa shuga, koma sanayambebe kulandira chithandizo, amakhala ndi ludzu losatha. Ndi shuga wambiri, thupi limayamba kutenga chinyezi kuchokera ku minofu ndi maselo kuti muchepetse magazi. Munthu amafunafuna kumwa madzi oyera ambiri, zakumwa ndi tiyi.

Mafuta omwe amamwetsedwa kwambiri amafunika kuchotsedwa. Chifukwa chake, chimbudzi chimayendera pafupipafupi kuposa masiku onse. Nthawi zambiri, mwana amakakamizidwa kupita kuchimbudzi nthawi ya sukulu, zomwe zimakopa chidwi cha aphunzitsi. Iyeneranso kuwachenjeza makolo kuti nthawi ndi nthawi bedi limanyowa.

Thupi limataya mwayi wake wopezerera glucose monga gwero lamphamvu pakapita nthawi. Chifukwa chake, mafuta amayamba kuwotchedwa. Chifukwa chake, mwana amayamba kufooka m'malo mokulira ndikukula. Monga lamulo, kuchepetsa thupi kumachitika mwadzidzidzi.

Mwana angadandaule za kufooka kosalekeza komanso kupha mphamvu, chifukwa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa insulin sikungatheke kusintha glucose kukhala mphamvu yofunikira. Ziwalo zamkati ndi minofu zimayamba kuvutika chifukwa chosowa mphamvu, kutumiza zizindikiritso za izi ndikupangitsa kutopa nthawi zonse.

Mwana akamakhala ndi shuga wambiri, thupi lake silingakwanitse komanso kuyamwa chakudya mwachizolowezi. Chifukwa chake, kumakhala kuli kumverera kwanjala, ngakhale kuli kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa zakudya zomwe zimadyedwa. Koma nthawi zina, m'malo mwake, chidwi chimachepa. Poterepa, amalankhula za matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis, mkhalidwe womwe umawopseza moyo.

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kuchepa kwamatenda pang'onopang'ono kumayamba, poyambira, ndizowopsa kwa mandala amaso. Chifukwa chake, pamakhala chifunga m'maso ndi zina zowonongeka. Koma mwana sangayang'anitsitse chidwi chake pakusintha kwanthawi yayitali. Ana, nthawi zambiri, samvetsa zomwe zikuwachitikira, chifukwa samvetsetsa kuti kuwona kwawo kukuwonongeka.

Atsikana omwe amakhala ndi matenda amtundu woyamba a shuga amakhala ndi machesi, ndiye kuti, thrush. Matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi mu ana ang'onoang'ono amayambitsa zotupa zoyipa kwambiri, zomwe zimatha pokhapokha shuga atabwezeretseka.

Matenda ashuga ketoacidosis ndi zovuta pachimake zomwe nthawi zina zimabweretsa imfa. Zizindikiro zake zazikulu zitha kuganiziridwa:

• nseru
• kupuma kwambiri
• Kununkhira kwa acetone kuchokera mkamwa,
• kutaya mphamvu
• kupweteka m'mimba.

Ngati njira zachangu sizingatengedwe, munthu akhoza kulephera kuzindikira ndikufa m'nthawi yochepa. Chifukwa chake, ketoacidosis imafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu.

Tsoka ilo, ziwerengero zamankhwala zimawonetsa kuchuluka kwakukulu pamene mwana ayamba kulandira chithandizo cholondola cha matenda ashuga atalowetsedwa m'chipatala cha odwala matenda ashuga ketoacidosis.Makolo sayenera kunyalanyaza zizindikiro zomwe zili ndi matenda ashuga.

Ngati mumasamala nthawi kuti shuga ya magazi idayamba kutuluka, muyenera kulumikizana ndi dokotala wa ana. Makolo ayenera kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane wa zizindikiro zonse za matendawa zomwe zimazindikira mwa mwana.

Matenda a shuga a ana ndi matenda oopsa. Ndikothekanso kuwongolera kuwonjezeka kwa shuga, ndi chithandizo choyenera ndikotheka kuyimitsanso zovuta.

Monga lamulo, njira zowongolera matenda osokoneza bongo sizitenga mphindi zoposa 15 patsiku.

Kuyesa

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa ana mu shuga kumachitika pansi pazachipatala, mpanda kuchokera kumitsempha kapena chala. Shuga ya magazi ya capillary imathanso kutsimikiziridwa mu labotale kapena kunyumba pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer. Mwa ana aang'ono, magazi amathanso kutengedwa chidendene kapena chala.

Pambuyo podya chakudya m'matumbo, chakudya chimasweka, ndikusintha kukhala ma monosaccharides osavuta, omwe amalowetsedwa m'magazi. Mwa munthu wathanzi, maola awiri atatha kudya, shuga amayendayenda m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, kusanthula kwa zomwe zimatchulidwanso kumatchedwa "shuga wamagazi."

Magazi kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa shuga omwe muyenera kupereka m'mawa m'mimba yopanda kanthu. Phunzirolo lisanachitike, mwana sayenera kudya ndi kumwa madzi ambiri kwa maola khumi. Tiyenera kusamala kuti munthu akhale wodekha komanso asatope ndi kulimbitsa thupi mwamphamvu.

Mulingo wa shuga wamwana zimadalira msinkhu wake komanso thanzi lakelo. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti glycogen imapangidwa kuchokera ku glucose mu minofu ndi chiwindi, yomwe imasungidwa shuga m'thupi, ngati chakudya sichilowetsa ndi chakudya, kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri.

Glucose amapezeka m'mapuloteni ena ovuta a thupi. Pentoses amapangidwa kuchokera ku glucose, popanda iwo ndizosatheka kupanga ATP, RNA ndi DNA. Kuphatikiza apo, shuga ndiyofunikira pakapangidwe ka glucuronic acid, womwe umakhudzidwa ndikusaloledwa kwa bilirubin, poizoni ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Izi zimakhudzana ndi machitidwe ambiri a thupi, zimapereka magazi ku machitidwe ndi minofu yonse.

Chithandizo cha shuga m'magazi mwa ana

Shuga wokwera m'mwana, zomwe zimayambitsa kale, zimafunikira chithandizo. Ngati chithandizo sichichitika, zomwe zimakhudza ziwalo zambiri ndi machitidwe a ziwalo zomwe zikukula, zikuwadzetsa zotsatirapo zoyipa kwambiri.

Zizindikiro zake ndi chithandizo chake ndizogwirizana. Nthawi zambiri, chithandizo chamankhwala chimaphatikizapo zingwe zingapo zofunika. Ndikofunikira kumwa mankhwala omwe adokotala amupatsa, ndipo kwa mtundu 1 wa shuga, pangani jakisoni wa insulin. Kuwongolera shuga tsiku lililonse ndikutsatira zakudya zapadera zimasonyezedwa.

Ngati matenda amtundu wa 1 apezeka, matendawa amayenera kuthandizidwa posintha mankhwalawa, chifukwa kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali komanso kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika, zotsatirazi zingaoneke:

• wodwala matenda ashuga
• Hypoglycemic mkhalidwe.

Ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kudya kwamphamvu kalori komanso chakudya chamagulu. Makamaka, simungadye:

1. makeke ndi ma pie
2. maswiti
3. buns
4. chokoleti
5. zipatso zouma
6. kupanikizana.

Pali shuga wambiri m'zakudya izi, zomwe zimalowa m'magazi mwachangu kwambiri.

Ndikofunikira kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito:

Ndikofunika kudya protein-chinangwa mkate, zinthu mkaka wowawasa, nsomba zonenepa kwambiri ndi nyama, zipatso ndi zipatso zowawasa.

Mutha kusintha shuga ndi xylitol, koma kudya izi zotsekemera sikumaloledwa kupitilira magalamu 30 patsiku. Tengani fructose wochepa. Ndi shuga ochulukirapo m'magazi, madokotala salimbikitsa kudya uchi.

Ngati shuga wamwazi akwezedwa, ndikofunikira kuwunika momwe zinthu zilili ndi glucometer yosunthika. Kuyeza kuyenera kuchitika kuyambira kanayi pa tsiku, ndikulemba zizindikiritso mu cholembera.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito glucometer, mawonekedwewa nthawi zambiri amawonjezeka kapena kuchepetsedwa mosaganizira, kotero nthawi zina muyenera kuyesedwa kuchipatala. Zingwe zoyezera mita sizingasiyidwe pomwe padzuwa kuti zisawonongeka. Kubwezeretsa shuga m'magazi, muyenera kuchita zolimbitsa thupi.

Zochita zamasewera ndizothandiza makamaka kwa matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2.

Zakudya zamagulu am'magazi

Ngati shuga atakwera, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kubwereza zakudya. Zomwe amapangira chakudya ziyenera kukhala izi:

1. mafuta: mpaka 80 g
2. mapuloteni: mpaka 90 g
3. chakudya pafupifupi 350 g,
4. mchere osaposa 12 g.

Pazakudya, wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukhala:

• Zinthu zopanda mkate,
• masamba abwino, ophika ndi ophika,
• owiritsa, nthunzi, mafuta opanda mafuta,
• lilime la nyama yophika,
• chiwindi
• nsomba yamafuta ochepa,
• mafuta ochepa mkaka,
• osaposa mazira awiri patsiku,
• nyemba, mphodza, nyemba,
• chimanga m'madzi ndi mkaka: herculean, buckwheat, mapira, barele, barele,
• nsomba zam'nyanja
• Zipatso zopanda zipatso, zipatso ndi timadziti,
• tiyi yoyera ndi yobiriwira,
• zakumwa zamasamba, zakumwa za zipatso, ma compotes,
• khofi wofooka.

Kuchokera pazakoma zotsekemera amaloledwa kudya zochepa:

Potsatira malangizo a dokotala, mutha kudya batala ndi mafuta a masamba, komanso bowa ndi mitundu ina ya nsomba zam'chitini.

Muyenera kudya chakudya nthawi yomweyo. Imwani mpaka malita awiri a madzi oyera tsiku lililonse. Zakudya za calorie zimachokera ku 2300 mpaka 2400 kcal patsiku.

Zomwe zimayambitsa hyperglycemia mwa ana zakambidwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.

Chifukwa chiyani mwana amachulukitsa shuga

M'chaka choyamba cha moyo, kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa mwana kumakhala kochepa, popeza pali zinthu za metabolic. Pakukula ndi kuchuluka kwa zosowa za thupi la mwana, shuga wamagazi mwa ana imakwera.

Ngati insulini ipangidwa bwino, shuga m'magazi a mwana ayenera kukhala:

• mpaka chaka - kuyambira 2.8 mpaka 4.4 mol / g,
• kuyambira chaka chimodzi mpaka zaka zisanu - kuyambira 3.3 mpaka 5.0 mol / g,
• kuyambira wazaka zisanu mpaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu, kuyambira 3,3 mpaka 5.5 mol / g.

Ngati mwana ali ndi shuga wambiri, adotolo amayenera kumutumiza kuti akawonetsetse zina ndi zina kuti adziwe zifukwa zake.

Masiku ano, kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa ana kuli kochulukira kuposa zaka zingapo zapitazo. Zomwe zimayambitsa izi ndizovuta zam'banja, cholowa, komanso zakudya zopanda chakudya, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimasinthidwa ndi zakudya zachangu.

Kuphatikiza pa kubadwa kwa makolo ndi matenda amanjenje omwe amatha kupatsirana kwa makanda omwe amakhala ndi mkaka wa amayi, zifukwa zina zimaphatikizapo:

• kufalitsa matenda monga rubella kapena chimfine,
• ngati thupi lilibe vitamini D,
• ndikuyambitsa mkaka wa ng ombe mthupi la mwana,
• Pamene mukumwa madzi osefukira ndi nitrate,
• pamene chimanga chimalowetsedwa mu chakudya cha ana m'mawa kwambiri.

Kuti mupewe shuga wambiri, makamaka mukadali mwana, simuyenera kuyambitsa zakudya zowonjezera mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Komanso yesani kuteteza mwana ku zisangalalo zosafunikira komanso nkhawa.

Muyenera kumwa madzi oyera okha ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yochulukirapo mu mpweya watsopano, zomwe zingathandize kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za shuga m'magazi

Masiku ano, mutha kudziwa kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga mudakali aang'ono.

Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kukayikira kuti china chake sichinali bwino ndi izi:

1. Kumva ludzu kosalekeza, komanso kukodza, komwe kumadziwoneka kawirikawiri. Izi zimachitika chifukwa choti shuga ukachuluka kuposa 10 mmol / g, impso zimasokonezeka ndipo sizimamwa glucose munthawi yake, ndipo chifukwa cha izi, zimapezekanso ndi mkodzo. Nthawi yomweyo amatunga madzi ambiri, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mkodzo kumawonjezeka, komwe kumapangitsa kuti muzikodza pafupipafupi komanso kufunitsitsa kumwa nthawi zonse.
2. Kuchepetsa mwana.Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa chakuti kapamba akuwonongeka ndi kachilomboka ndipo ntchito yake idasokonekera. Nthawi yomweyo, sangatulutse kuchuluka kwa insulin, popanda thupi kuyamwa shuga mwanjira iliyonse. Ndipo kotero mwana akuchepa.
3. Kusintha kwa chidwi. Itha kuwonjezereka kapena kutsitsidwa.

Ngati m'modzi mwa abale ake anali ndi matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti sizachidziwikire kuti mwanayo adzalandira cholowa. Ndizotheka, koma osafunikira. Chifukwa cha izi, makolo ambiri amalakwitsa kwambiri. Amayamba kuteteza ana awo ku zowopsa zamtundu uliwonse kuti ateteze ku matenda. Koma nthawi yomweyo, sizimasamaliridwa ngati kuphwanya kukula kwabwino kwa ana, onse mwakuthupi komanso m'maganizo. Zotsatira zake, kwa ana otere dziko lonse lozungulira limakhala lodana.

Ngati pali chiopsezo chakuti mwanayo angadwale matenda ashuga, ulendo wopita kwa dokotala suyenera kuchedwedwa kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kuphatikiza apo, zizindikilo ndi zizindikilo zotere zitha kuchenjeza:

• mwana nthawi zambiri amafuna maswiti,
• njala imakulirakulira
• pakati pa kudya zakudya, nthawi imacheperachepera nthawi iliyonse,
• kupezeka kwa mutu komwe kumadutsa kokha mutatha kudya.

Kuphatikiza apo, ngati zadziwika kuti pakatha maola angapo, atadya, akufuna kudya kachiwiri, ndiye kuti sizingavutenso kukaonana ndi dokotala. Ichi ndi chizindikiritso cha matenda omwe akukula.

Matenda a shuga amatha kubisala, popanda zizolowezi zake ndi zizindikiro zake, koma ndiye muyenera kulabadira izi:

• kupezeka kwa matenda a pakhungu mwa mwana, monga furunculosis, pyoderma, ichthyosis, neurodermatitis,
• masomphenya amatha kusokonezeka,
• matenda a chingamu ndi periodontitis.

Ngati zizindikilo ndi zizindikilo zoterezi zimawonedwa, ndiye kuti kuyezedwa ndi endocrinologist kudzakhala kothandiza.

Zoyambitsa zazikulu za shuga m'magazi a ana ndi:

• musanapereke magazi, mwana amadya, kapena usiku wathawu, adadya zotsekemera kuposa zofunika,
• ndi kupsinjika kwakuthupi kapena kotengeka,
• Pamaso pa matenda a tiziwalo timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa - -
• ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kukwere,
• ndi kunenepa kwambiri, komanso kupha poyizoni wa carbon monoxide.

Mitundu ya matenda ashuga komanso zotsatira zake

Pali mitundu iwiri ya matenda ashuga:

Nthawi zambiri, ana amakhala ndi mtundu woyamba wa matendawa. Zimadziwika chifukwa chakuti kapamba sangathe kutulutsa insulini pazofunikira thupi.

Kasitomala wolakwika ndi cholowa chake, koma sikukhudza kapangidwe ka insulin. Izi zitha kupitilira kwa chaka chimodzi kapena ngakhale moyo wonse. Koma kugwira ntchito molakwika kumatha kupatsira matenda a virus ndikusokoneza maselo omwe ali ndi vuto lopanga mahomoni. Zotsatira zake, satulutsa insulin.

Chifukwa chake, nthendayi imayamba. Poyamba, izi sizikhudza thanzi, monga ma cell omwe amagwira ntchito amachita ntchito yawo ndikupanga insulin yambiri.

Pakapita kanthawi, ntchito ya maselo amenewa imasokonekera, ndipo insulin siyokwanira kugwira shuga. Koma pakadali pano, matenda a shuga samachitika, chifukwa m'mawa shuga ndi abwinobwino, ndipo amakwezedwa pokhapokha atadya chakudya. Mutha kuwona matendawa ndi zizindikilo zake zambiri ndi zizindikiro zake pokhapokha kuchokera 80 mpaka 90% ya maselo omwe amapanga insulin akafa.

Matenda amtunduwu sikuyenera kuchira kwathunthu. Kupatula apo, maselo ofunikira a kapamba amwalira kale, ndipo palibe amene amatulutsa insulini.

Ngakhale shuga, limodzi ndi chakudya chomwe chimadyedwa, zimalowa m'magazi, sizikonzedwa. Pali njira imodzi yokha yotsalira - kuyendetsa insulin mwanjira yokonzekera mankhwala.

Type 2 shuga mellitus amasiyana ndi yoyamba chifukwa chakuti insulini ya mahomoni imapangidwa m'mapenseni mu kuchuluka kofunikira, koma sikumapanga shuga yemwe amalowa mthupi. Mtundu wamtunduwu wa ana umakhala osowa kwambiri, nthawi zambiri umawonedwa paukalamba.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mtundu wachiwiri ukhale:

• ana onenepa kwambiri
• yafupika magalimoto ana - kusowa masewera olimbitsa thupi,
• kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a mahomoni
• matenda a endocrine.

Kuphatikiza pazizindikiro ndi zizindikiro pamwambapa (kukodza, ludzu, kuchepa thupi), zizindikiro zotere zimatha kupezeka mwa ana:

• Lethargy, kutopa, kufooka.
• Kuchepetsa magwiridwe antchito: onse amisili ndi thupi.
• Chilakolako chimasintha, nthawi zambiri chimachulukitsidwa.

• Kuchepa kwa chitetezo chathupi, chifukwa chomwe zotupa zimawonekera pakhungu: zonse fungal ndi pustular.
• Mwa ana ochepera, zotupa za ma diaper zimawonekera m'tchafu, komanso perineum.
• Kwa atsikana, vulvitis ndiyotheka.
• Pikodzo la ana limafanana ndi madzi, ndiwowoneka bwino komanso wowonekera, ngati mawanga oyera atapangika pa ma diapoti kapena nsalu atafika kale, ndiye kuti ndi chizindikiro cha shuga.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda ashuga zikasowa, ndiye kuti mwana wamkulu atatha sabata limodzi kapena awiri, ndipo mwa ana aang'ono ngakhale kale, ketoacidosis imayamba kukula.

Home »Matenda a shuga" Ana " Norm kapena chifukwa chosangalalira: zakuthupi ndi za m'mayendedwe zimayambitsa shuga m'magazi mwa ana

Glucose amadziwika kuti ndi chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri za magazi a munthu aliyense. Osachepera kamodzi pachaka, muyenera kusanthula shuga.

Itha kuchitika pang'onopang'ono kapena kunyumba, chifukwa chipangizochi chimatchedwa glucometer chimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Ndipo ngati zizindikiro siziri zachilendo, ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa shuga m'magazi kuti achitepo kanthu mwachangu. Kupatula apo, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi chizindikiro cha thanzi ndi njira zama metabolic m'thupi. Makolo ayenera kudziwa momwe shuga amaletsera komanso zoletsa pazakudya zina zomwe zimayambitsa kusintha kwamthupi.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati chizindikiro ichi chikuchepa kapena chikuwonjezeka, ndiye kuti njira zamomwe zimayambitsa matenda owopsa, kuphatikizapo matenda a shuga, zimayamba kukula ziwalo. Pali zifukwa zosiyanasiyana zowonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga mumagazi, zazikulu zimafotokozedwera.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga

Ngati mayesowo atatha kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, zomwe zimayambitsa zimatha kukhala zosiyana kwambiri.

Zosavulaza kwambiri ndizosakonzekera molondola kuwunikira, mwachitsanzo, mwana adadya kena kake m'mawa asanatenge mayeso kapena madzulo adadya maswiti ambiri.

Komanso, chifukwa chomwe shuga amakwera mwa ana ndi kuchuluka kwa thupi, kwam'maganizo, komwe kunachitika tsiku limodzi kapena awiri asanabadwe.

Kuphatikiza apo, shuga amawonjezeka ndikutukuka kwa matenda a tiziwalo timene timayambitsa ma mahomoni - uwu ndi kapamba, chithokomiro, chamba cha adrenal kapena gland. Mitundu ina ya mankhwalawa amathanso kuchulukitsa,, kapena,, kutsika kwamisempha.

Choyambitsa chachikulu cha shuga chochuluka mwa ana ndi kunenepa kwambiri, makamaka mu gawo lachiwiri ndi lachitatu. Pakhoza kukhalabe zifukwa zazikulu zothandizira mwana kuti akhale ndi shuga, zimagona posowa madzi kapena kufa kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa cha chitukuko cha matenda am'mimba, matenda osakhazikika, atatha poyizoni ndi chloroform, arsenic.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kuchepa kwa shuga, komanso kuchuluka kwake, kumakhalanso koopsa kwa mwana, chifukwa chizindikiritso chotere chimatha kuyambitsa khungu mwadzidzidzi komanso ngakhale kawirikawiri zimatha ndikumatha kwa hypoglycemic.

Popewa izi, makolo ayenera kuyang'anira mkhalidwe wa mwana.

Nthawi zambiri, kutsika kwamphamvu kwa glucose kumayambira poti mwana amafunsa maswiti, ndiye kuti akuwonetsa zochitika mwadzidzidzi, koma posakhalitsa thukuta limayamba kukhala lotuwa ndikufinya. Thandizo loyamba pamenepa ndi kukhathamiritsa kwamisempha. Mwana akakhala kuti wazindikira, ndibwino kuti mumupatse chipatso chokoma, mwachitsanzo, pichesi, peyala kapena apulo.

Ana akakhala ndi shuga yayikulu magazi, zomwe zimayambitsa, komanso zizindikiro, zimatha kukhala zosiyana, kutengera zaka. Ndi mitengo yokwera, adokotala amapanga chisankho popewa kapena chithandizo. Pa chiopsezo chotenga matenda ashuga ndi ana omwe makolo awo kapena m'modzi ali ndi matendawa. Ngati onse akudwala, ndiye kuti pali mwayi 30% wofalitsa kachiromboka kwa mwana, ngati kholo limodzi lidwala, ndiye kuti mwayiwo umachepetsedwa mpaka 10%. Mapasa akabadwa, ndiye pambuyo pakupezeka kwa shuga m'modzi, wachiwiri amakhalanso wamkulu.

Chithandizo, zakudya

Pamene, atatha mayeso, zinaonekeratu kuti magazi a shuga amawonjezereka, mankhwalawo nthawi zonse amakhala amodzi.

Pambuyo pakupezeka kwa matenda a shuga, dokotala amatiuza chithandizo chomwe chili ndi magawo atatu: kumwa mankhwalawa, kudya, kuyang'anira shuga tsiku lililonse.

Komanso, chidwi chofunikira pamankhwala ndicho kudziwa mtundu wa matenda ashuga.

Mwachitsanzo, matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba amafuna kusintha kwa mankhwalawa, chifukwa chakugwiritsa ntchito mosayenera kapena kwakanthawi mankhwala, zovuta zazikulu, monga vuto la hypoglycemic kapena matenda a shuga, amatha kukula mthupi.

Makolo ayenera kuchepetsa zakudya zomwe mwana wawo amadya zowonjezera zakudya. Simungadye maswiti, makeke, masikono, makeke, chokoleti, kupanikizana, zipatso zouma, chifukwa zinthu izi zimakhala ndi shuga, zomwe zimalowa mwachangu m'magazi.

Mosasamala kanthu za chifukwa chowonjezeka cha shuga m'magazi ndi chitukuko cha matenda ashuga, ayenera kukhala ndi zakudya zawo nthawi zonse: tomato, nkhaka, dzungu, zukini, amadyera.

Mwana wodwala azingodya nyama zopendekera, mkate wa chinangwa, nsomba, zipatso zowawasa, mankhwala amkaka ndi zipatso. M'malo shuga mu zakudya ndi xylitol, koma osapitirira 30 magalamu patsiku.

Fructose amatengedwa mosamala kwambiri. Ndikwabwino kupatula uchi, chifukwa madokotala ambiri amatsutsa izi chifukwa cha matenda ashuga.

Kuti makolo azilamulira shuga wawo wamagazi tsiku lililonse, ayenera kugula gulometer. Shuga imayezedwa osachepera kanayi pa tsiku, zotsatira zonse ziyenera kulembedwa mu kope, kenako kuti muzipereke kwa adotolo. Muyenera kudziwa kuti mukamagwiritsa ntchito chipangizochi pakhoza kukhala zolakwika zina, ndiye kuti muyenera kuperekera magazi m'malo mwanu m'chipatala chanu.

Zingwe zoyeserera zomwe zimalumikizidwa ku chipangizocho siziyenera kusungidwa panja, chifukwa zimawonongeka msanga chifukwa chamachitidwe akunja amagetsi. Zomwe zimayambitsa shuga wambiri mwa mwana zimawonetsa kunenepa kwambiri, ndikuphatikiza pa chithandizo, makolo ayenera kuyang'anira momwe thupi lakhalira, kuyenda naye kwambiri, ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopepuka. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kupita kuvina, komwe kumathandiza kuthandizira odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu 2.

Kuchiza matenda a shuga kumayikidwa kokha ndi endocrinologist kapena dokotala wa ana, amaperekanso malingaliro pazakudya, kupumula ndi kugona, chifukwa chake, chilichonse chodziyimira pawokha chimaletsedwa.

Zizindikiro ndi zoyambitsa shuga m'magazi

Irina 06.06.2017 Zizindikiro ndi zomwe zimayambitsa shuga m'magazi

Okondedwa owerenga, lero pa blog tikambirana chifukwa chomwe shuga wamagazi amatha kutuluka, ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe zingatichenjeze, zomwe muyenera kudziwa zazomwe zimayambitsa komanso zizindikilo za shuga wambiri. Mutuwu ndi wofunikira komanso wofunikira kwa ambiri. Dotolo Eugene Snegir amalankhula zonse, yemwe amandithandiza kuyankha pa blog pa blog ndikuyankha mafunso onse mwaluso. Ndimadutsa pansi kupita ku Eugene.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa magazi

Masana abwino, owerenga blog Irina.Choyambirira, tiwonetsere kuti tikamayankhula za kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, timatanthawuza, zowonadi, misempha ya magazi. Glucose ndi monosaccharide. M shuga womwe timadziyika m'mawa tiyi ndi kale watulutsa - sucrose, wopanga glucose ndi fructose.

Chifukwa chake, chikhalidwe cha shuga m'magazi ndi ana:

• mpaka mwezi umodzi - 2.8-4.4 mmol / l,
• mpaka zaka 14 - 3.2-5.5 mmol / l,
• kuyambira zaka 14 mpaka zaka 60 - 3.2-5.5 mmol / l,
• kuyambira zaka 60 mpaka zaka 90 - 4.6-6.4 mmol / l,
• wamkulu kuposa zaka 90 - 4.2-6.7 mmol / l.

Tsopano lingalirani za zochitika zina m'moyo. Tsiku linafika loyeserera mosalekeza, ndipo pazotsatira zomwe anapeza, munthu wazaka zambiri amawona shuga wa magazi ofanana ndi 6.1 mmol / l. Inde, potembenukira ku "Yandex" ndi "Google" wodziwa zonse, mwamunayo adazindikira kuti shuga yake inali yokwera kuposa zokhazokha. Kupitilira apo, mantha, malingaliro a matenda omwe adamgwera, amamuyimbira abwenzi, chisokonezo cha abale ...

Komabe, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumeneku ndikwabwinobwino ngati kusanthula kwamomwe kumachitika kuchokera m'magazi otengedwa kuchokera mu mtsempha. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mu magazi a venous glucose ndiwokwera kuposa magazi am'manja omwe amatengedwa kuchokera kumunwe. Mulingo wokwezeka wamagulu a shuga mu magazi a venous mwa anthu osakwana zaka 60 afika pa 6.1 mmol / l.

Chifukwa chake, mukawona kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, simuyenera kuchita mantha, muyenera kungokumbukira mwachangu komwe kusanthula koyipa kunachokera.

Ndi matenda ati omwe ali ndi shuga wambiri

Kuti tithe kuyankhula bwino pamutuwu, timafotokozera mwachangu kuti kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kukhala kwa matenda (kupezeka ndi matenda osiyanasiyana) kapena kukhala kwathunthu mwakuthupi (mwachitsanzo, mutadya, mutatha kupsinjika).

Kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatchedwa hyperglycemia. Chifukwa chake, hyperglycemia ndi yokhudza thupi, ya m'magazi kapena yosakanikirana.

Mwazi wamagazi umatuluka ndi matenda otsatirawa.

Zizindikiro za shuga wambiri

1. Chizindikiro chachikulu ndicho ludzu losatha.

Chifukwa cha shuga wambiri, munthu amafuna kumwa pafupipafupi. Glucose amatunga madzi kuchokera ku ziwalo ndi zotumphukira. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi pamwamba pa 10 mmol / l (cholumikizira impso), amayamba kupukusidwa mkodzo, potenga ndi mamolekyulu amadzi. Zotsatira zake, kukodza pafupipafupi, kusowa kwamadzi. Inde, thupi limayesetsa kulipirira kutayika kwa madzi ndi kumwa kwambiri.

2. Pakamwa pakamwa.

Chizindikiro ichi chimalumikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwamadzi kwambiri.

3. Mutu.

Zimachitika chifukwa cha kusowa kwamadzi komanso kutayika kwa ma electrolyte ofunika mumkodzo.

4. Kuyenda khungu, kumalumikizana zala ndi zala zakumaso, dzanzi la zala.

Zizindikirozi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi chodabwitsa cha neuropathy, pamene kuchuluka kwa glucose kumakhudza mkhalidwe wamitsempha yamitsempha. Kuphwanya malo osungirako zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa malingaliro.

5. Kupweteka m'miyendo mukamasuntha, miyendo yozizira kuti ikhudze.

Zomverera zofananira zimayamba chifukwa chophwanya magazi, zovuta zam'magazi m'miyendo. Amalumikizidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa mtima khoma la mtima ndi hyperglycemia, mwanjira ina, angiopathy imachitika.

6. Zowonongeka.

Ntchito yowonera yojambula imasokonekera chifukwa cha zochitika zofotokozedwa kale za angiopathy ndi neuropathy. Retinopathy kumachitika (retinal matenda).

7. Nthawi zambiri ntchito yam'mimba imachepa (kudzimbidwa kapena kutsegula m'mimba). Kuwonongeka kwa chidwi.

8. Kulemera.

Chifukwa chosakwanira insulin.

9. Kukula kwa matenda a impso (nephropathy).

Zizindikiro za shuga wambiri ndimawonekedwe awo kutengera jenda ndi zaka. Timakambirana za izi, zomwe ziyenera choyamba kukonzedwa.

Zizindikiro zakuchuluka kwa shuga kwa amuna

• mogwirizana ndi chitukuko cha angiopathy ndi neuropathy, potency imalephera,
• kuyabwa kwambiri pakhungu kumachitika pang'onopang'ono.
• Chifukwa cha kukokana pafupipafupi, khungu la khungu limatha kuyatsidwa.
• kuchiritsa kwamabala ndi mabala,
• kutopa, ntchito yochepa,
• kulemera kosalekeza
• ochepa matenda oopsa.

Zizindikiro zakuchuluka kwa shuga kwa akazi

• Khungu lanu pamalo oyandikira,
• Khungu louma, khungu limakhala loyipa komanso loyipa,
• kuuma, misomali yothina ndi tsitsi, kuchepa kwa tsitsi,
• machiritso olakwika a mabala, kuwonjezera kwa matenda oyamba ndi fungus, kukula kwa matenda a pakoderma (purifera yotupa yoyipa), mawonekedwe a matuza pamiyendo,
• kukula kwa neurodermatitis,
• zotupa pakhungu,
• nephropathy imachitika nthawi zambiri.

Zizindikiro za kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa ana

Makolo ayenera kulabadira mawonekedwe a zotsatirazi:

• kumva ludzu, mwana amayesera kumwa madzi aliwonse m'njira iliyonse yomwe angapezeke,
• kukodza pafupipafupi, mwana amathamangira kuchimbudzi, mwana angafotokoze usiku, ngakhale izi sizinadziwike kale,
• kuchepa thupi msanga, chifukwa thupi la mwana silingagwiritse ntchito gwero lamphamvu ngati mafuta, mafuta ochokera kumankhwala am'mimba amawonongeka kuti amalize kulipira mphamvu,
• njala yosalekeza
• kumangokhala wotopa
• kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kufooka kwa ndolo ya diso,
• maonekedwe a matenda oyamba ndi fungus

Zifukwa zathupi

Zoyambitsa zathupi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga achulukuke ndi:

• kudya kwakanthawi kochepa (ndiye chifukwa chake shuga amene amamwetsa m'mimba yopanda kanthu amakhala ndi vuto lofufuzira), nthawi zambiri atatha kudya maola awiri, shuga sayenera kupitirira 5.5 mmol / l,
• kumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa zochuluka,
• zochitika zopsinjika (zimachitika chifukwa cha kutulutsidwa kwa mahomoni opsinjika m'magazi).

Zomwe zimayambitsa

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga m'magazi zimatuluka pazomwe zimayambitsa matenda omwe amapezeka.
The endocrinologists amati choyambitsa chitukuko cha matenda a shuga a ana mu autoimmune reaction, momwe thupi limayamba kupanga ma antibodies ake kuma cell awo apancreatic omwe amapanga insulin (islets of Langerhans).

Zofananazi zimachitika ndi cholowa chamtsogolo, matenda opatsirana (chimfine, rubella, kachilombo ka Epstein-Barr, kachilombo ka Coxsackie, cytomegalovirus).

Zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa mtundu woyamba wa matenda a shuga I kungakhale hypovitaminosis D, kudyetsa koyambirira mkaka wa ng'ombe (kukhazikika kwa zovuta zina), kudya koyambirira ndi chimanga, kudya zakudya zophatikizana ndi nitrate kapena nitrites.

Choyambitsa chachikulu cha matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri ndicho chibadwa cham'tsogolo. Akatswiri adazindikira majini omwe amayambitsa kupezeka kwa matenda a receptor zida zama cell. Chifukwa chake, ngati wina wa abale apamtima ali ndi matendawa, muyenera kukhala osamala momwe mungathere mu zakudya, monga tikambirana pansipa.

Mwazi wa magazi umakwera pazochitika zonse zokhudzana ndi zotupa za kapamba kapena necrosis ya minofu yake (kapamba wam'mimba, kapamba). Imfa ya zisumbu za Langerhans imabweretsa chifukwa chakuti kapamba amaleka kukwaniritsa ntchito yake ya endocrine.

Matenda opatsirana amatha kubweretsanso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kotero kuchuluka kwa shuga kokha komwe kumayeza pambuyo pochira kwathunthu kuchokera ku chimfine ndi SARS ina ndi ya kuzindikira mtengo. Musaiwale za izi, owerenga athu okondedwa.

Mavuto aliwonse a endocrine m'thupi (matenda a chithokomiro, zotupa za adrenal, acromegaly) amawonetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi zimatha kukhala matenda obadwa nawo: minyewa ya m'mimba, Huntington's chorea, cystic fibrosis.

Hyperglycemia ikhoza kukhala vuto limodzi pakumwa mankhwala, izi zimalembedwa poyera malangizo a mankhwalawo.Onetsetsani kuti mwawerengera zomwe zalembedwa m'bokosi lamankhwala, kuti mudziwe ngati mankhwala anu akukhudza shuga wamagazi kapena ayi.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri za shuga wambiri, tikulimbikitsa kuti tiwone kanema.

Zakudya zoyenera zokwanira

Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa zakudya zopatsa mphamvu mu chakudya. Izi zimaphatikizapo shuga ndi sucrose, yomwe imasweka m'matumbo am'magazi mu glucose ndi fructose. Zimapezeka zochuluka mumaswiti onse, ndipo makamaka shuga ambiri mumakoma okoma a kaboni. Zakudya zam'madzi zotere zimatengedwa mwachangu kuchokera ku chakudya kulowa m'magazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga azikhala ndi shuga komanso magazi osalekeza.

Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kukumbukira kuti chidutswa chilichonse cha keke yokondweretsa chimakhala kuphulika kwa ziphuphu, zomwe zimakakamizidwa kuwonjezera kaphatikizidwe ka insulin kuti muthane ndi zovuta zomwe zimadza chifukwa chokhala ndi chakudya.

Amakhulupirira kuti kuchuluka kotetezeka sikuposa masipuni asanu a shuga patsiku.

Zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi ma polysaccharides (fiber fiber, inulin, starch) ziyenera kuphatikizidwa muzakudya. Amapuma pang'onopang'ono m'matumbo am'matumbo kupita ku ma monosaccharides, omwe nthawi zina amakhala mwakachetechete ndikuyika pang'ono ndi pang'ono m'magazi, ndikupereka mphamvu ya thupi lathu.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi

Udindo waukulu poletsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi kuchita zolimbitsa thupi. Mukamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, shuga amawonongeka ndi minofu ya minofu, yomwe imachepetsa mulingo wake m'magazi.

Pakafukufuku waposachedwa, asayansi aku Danish adatsimikizira kuti, mwachitsanzo, kuyendetsa njinga pafupipafupi kumachepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda ashuga ndi makumi awiri.

Kutalika kwambiri kugona

Kusowa pafupipafupi kumabweretsa kusinthasintha kwamisempha ya magazi. Chomwe chikuimbidwa ndi izi ndi kumasulidwa kwa ma hormone oponderezedwa a mahomoni, omwe amapezeka pamene thupi silingathe kupumula usiku.

Amakhulupirira kuti nthawi yokwanira kugona kwa amuna iyenera kukhala maola 7 mphindi 50, ndipo kwa amayi - maola 7 mphindi 40. Malinga ndi asayansi, ndikutalika kwa nthawi yayitali komwe kumakhala ndi thanzi labwino komanso nthawi yayifupi kwambiri popumira.

Dokotala wanu
Eugene Bullfinch

Ndithokoza Eugene chifukwa cha nkhani yake. Ndikofunika nthawi zonse kulandira zambiri kuchokera kwa katswiri yemwe ungamudalire. Komanso sitidzaiwala za kusowa kwathu kwathu komanso kusamalira thanzi lathu mwanzeru.

Ndipo kwaomwe tikuwonera lero kanema wokongola kwambiri wokhala ndi nyimbo yabwino. Ndimakukonda kwambiri ngati nyenyezi zonse zakuthambo .

Mwazi waukulu wamagazi - zizindikilo zazikulu za matendawo ndi malangizo a zoyenera kuchita

Moni owerenga okondedwa. Shuga ndichinthu chophatikiza chomwe chitha kuwononga zimakhala zathupi lathu. Kuphatikiza apo, malo okhala ndi shuga ambiri ndi abwino kwambiri pakubwera kwa tizilombo. Koma, kumbali ina, glucose ndikofunikira kuti thupi lathu lipatse maselo ake mphamvu. Momwe mungapezere zoyenera? Kuphatikiza apo, zakudya zamakono zomwe anthu ambiri amadya zimatanthauzanso kumwa kwambiri shuga. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuopsa kwa shuga wambiri, zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchulukitsidwa kwake komanso momwe mungapewerere kuwonjezeka kumeneku.

Kuopsa kwa shuga wambiri

Ponena za chizindikiro monga shuga wamagazi, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti shuga wanthawi zonse amene timadya ndi glucose ndi fructose.

Koma mulingo wa shuga wamagazi, izi ndizopezeka m'magazi. Mu thupi lathu, mumagawika magawo ena komanso kusintha kwa zinthu.

Glucose Ndi mphamvu yama cell athu. Koma, ndi gwero lamphamvu, kungokhala kale mkati mwa selo. Ndipo kuti mulowe mu cell mufunika insulin.

Koma, ngati pali shuga wambiri, komanso kuchepa kwa insulini, zimapezeka kuti shuga wachuluka m'magazi, koma maselo amafa ndi njala.

Chifukwa chake, zisonyezo zingapo za kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi ndi kuperewera kwa shuga ndizofanana. Koma thupi, mothandizidwa ndi mahomoni, limatumiza mphamvu zowonjezera ku mtundu wina wosungirako, ndipo ngati kuli koyenera, zochulukazo zimakonzedwanso mu shuga.

Ndipo matupi athu amasungira nkhokweyi m'chiwindi. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikofunikira kwambiri. Kuchulukirapo ndi kusowa kwa shuga ndizovuta kwa anthu.

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, shuga mthupi limagwira ntchito yothandizira. Glucose amapanga mitundu yambiri yama protein ndi deoxyribonucleic acid.

Ndiye kuti, mtundu wa kutukusira kumachitika pamlingo wa minyewa, yomwe imatchedwa glycation.

Zotsatira zake ndi kupangidwa kwa zinthu zapoizoni zomwe zimasungidwa m'thupi kwanthawi yayitali, kuyambira mwezi umodzi mpaka chaka. Chifukwa chake, pakukhathamira kwa glucose, momwemonso michere yama sumu imeneyi imapangidwa.

Vuto lachiwopsezo chachiwiri ndi kupsinjika kwa oxidative. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa zopitilira muyeso mthupi kumachuluka. Ndipo amadzetsa matenda oopsa angapo.

Shuga wambiri amachititsa ngozi zambiri:

• Matenda a ziwalo zamasomphenya.
• Matenda a mtima.
• Matenda a impso.
• Matenda obwezera ubongo.
• Kukalamba kwa chamoyo chonse kwachitika mwachangu.

Komanso, shuga wambiri umakhala wolakwika kwambiri. Kutopa kumawonekera, mavuto okhala ndi kunenepa kwambiri.

Ingoganizirani kuti thupi lathu lili ngati nyumba yayikulu yomangidwa ndi njerwa. Chifukwa chake, shuga amawononga njerwa iliyonse.

Ingoganizirani momwe izi ziwonekere malinga ndi momwe nyumbayo ilili. Shuga amawononganso maselo a thupi lathu.

Mwazi wa m'magazi ndiwo chizolowezi. Kodi shuga azikhala chiyani?

Miyezo yamakono ikutanthauza mulingo wabwinobwino kuchokera pa 3.3 mpaka 5.5 mmol / l . ngakhale atakhala zaka komanso amuna komanso akazi. Malinga ngati magazi adatengedwa pamimba yopanda chala.

Zizindikiro pamwambapa, pakupita nthawi, zimawerengedwa pamwamba pa chizolowezi. Komanso, kugwiritsa ntchito tiyi ndi madzi, matenda komanso matenda atulo amatha kusokoneza zotsatira zake.

Ngati magazi amatengedwa kuchokera m'mitsempha kuti iwunikidwe, ndiye kuti zotsatira zabwinobwino zimakhala zosiyanasiyana kuyambira 4 mpaka 6.1 mmol / lita.

Chizindikiro chikalowa nthawi kuchokera pa 5.6 mpaka 6.6, ndiye ichi ndichizindikiro kuti pali kuphwanya m'thupi . mogwirizana ndi kuyankha insulin. Insulin ndi mahomoni omwe amayang'anira kuperekera kwa kagayidwe kazachilengedwe m'thupi. Ndiye amene amachepetsa mphamvu ya shuga m'magazi.

Mulingo zopitilira 6.7, nthawi zambiri zimayimira kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga . Koma, kuti mutsimikizire matendawa, ndikofunikira kuti mupititse mayeso angapo.

Mwa amayi apakati, kuchuluka kwa glucose kumatha kuchuluka, ndipo izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti mwana wosabadwayo amafunikiranso shuga.

Shuga akhoza kuchulukitsidwa pang'ono mwa anthu opitirira zaka 60. Koma mwa ana, m'malo mwake, mlingowo ungakhale wotsika pang'ono. Koma ndizomwe zimakhudza shuga? Tidzamvetsetsa mu gawo lotsatira la nkhaniyi.

Pancreatitis ndi Pancreatic Cancer

Ndi khansa ya kapamba ndi kapamba, chiwonongeko cha zotulutsa zam'mimba zimachitika, ndipo maselo ake amasiya kugwira ntchito zawo, makamaka, kupanga insulin. Izi zimabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism ndikutulutsa kowonjezereka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro m'magazi omwe amalimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Ma tumor omwe amapanga mahomoni omwe amawonjezera shuga m'magazi

Izi zimaphatikizapo pheochromocytoma (chotupa cha adrenal gland), glucagonoma (chotupa cha pancreatic), zotupa zomwe zimapanga mahomoni okula.

Myocardial infarction, sitiroko, chigaza kuvulala

Hyperglycemia wopsinjika imaphatikizidwa ndi kutulutsidwa kwa adrenaline.

Cushing's Syndrome

Ndi matendawa, kupangika kwama mahomoni a adrenal cortex (hypercorticism) kumachitika. Mahomoni amawonjezera magazi.

Mankhwala

Njira zakulera za pakamwa, prednisone, beta-blockers, estrogens, glucagon, phenothiazines, thiazide diuretics, mankhwala angapo a psychotropic amalimbikitsa shuga.

Zizindikiro za shuga wambiri

1. Chizindikiro chachikulu ndicho ludzu losatha.

Chifukwa cha shuga wambiri, munthu amafuna kumwa pafupipafupi. Glucose amatunga madzi kuchokera ku ziwalo ndi zotumphukira. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi pamwamba pa 10 mmol / l (cholumikizira impso), amayamba kupukusidwa mkodzo, potenga ndi mamolekyulu amadzi. Zotsatira zake, kukodza pafupipafupi, kusowa kwamadzi. Inde, thupi limayesetsa kulipirira kutayika kwa madzi ndi kumwa kwambiri.

2. Pakamwa pakamwa.

Chizindikiro ichi chimalumikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwamadzi kwambiri.

3. Mutu.

Zimachitika chifukwa cha kusowa kwamadzi komanso kutayika kwa ma electrolyte ofunika mumkodzo.

4. Kuyenda khungu, kumalumikizana zala ndi zala zakumaso, dzanzi la zala.

Zizindikirozi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi chodabwitsa cha neuropathy, pamene kuchuluka kwa glucose kumakhudza mkhalidwe wamitsempha yamitsempha. Kuphwanya malo osungirako zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa malingaliro.

5. Kupweteka m'miyendo mukamasuntha, miyendo yozizira kuti ikhudze.

Zomverera zofananira zimayamba chifukwa chophwanya magazi, zovuta zam'magazi m'miyendo. Amalumikizidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa mtima khoma la mtima ndi hyperglycemia, mwanjira ina, angiopathy imachitika.

6. Zowonongeka.

Ntchito yowonera yojambula imasokonekera chifukwa cha zochitika zofotokozedwa kale za angiopathy ndi neuropathy. Retinopathy kumachitika (retinal matenda).

7. Nthawi zambiri ntchito yam'mimba imachepa (kudzimbidwa kapena kutsegula m'mimba). Kuwonongeka kwa chidwi.

8. Kulemera.

Chifukwa chosakwanira insulin.

9. Kukula kwa matenda a impso (nephropathy).

Zizindikiro za shuga wambiri ndimawonekedwe awo kutengera jenda ndi zaka. Timakambirana za izi, zomwe ziyenera choyamba kukonzedwa.

Zizindikiro zakuchuluka kwa shuga kwa amuna

• mogwirizana ndi chitukuko cha angiopathy ndi neuropathy, potency imalephera,
• kuyabwa kwambiri pakhungu kumachitika pang'onopang'ono.
• Chifukwa cha kukokana pafupipafupi, khungu la khungu limatha kuyatsidwa.
• kuchiritsa kwamabala ndi mabala,
• kutopa, ntchito yochepa,
• kulemera kosalekeza
• ochepa matenda oopsa.

Zizindikiro zakuchuluka kwa shuga kwa akazi

• Khungu lanu pamalo oyandikira,
• Khungu louma, khungu limakhala loyipa komanso loyipa,
• kuuma, misomali yothina ndi tsitsi, kuchepa kwa tsitsi,
• machiritso olakwika a mabala, kuwonjezera kwa matenda oyamba ndi fungus, kukula kwa matenda a pakoderma (purifera yotupa yoyipa), mawonekedwe a matuza pamiyendo,
• kukula kwa neurodermatitis,
• zotupa pakhungu,
• nephropathy imachitika nthawi zambiri.

Zizindikiro za kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa ana

Makolo ayenera kulabadira mawonekedwe a zotsatirazi:

• kumva ludzu, mwana amayesera kumwa madzi aliwonse m'njira iliyonse yomwe angapezeke,
• kukodza pafupipafupi, mwana amathamangira kuchimbudzi, mwana angafotokoze usiku, ngakhale izi sizinadziwike kale,
• kuchepa thupi msanga, chifukwa thupi la mwana silingagwiritse ntchito gwero lamphamvu ngati mafuta, mafuta ochokera kumankhwala am'mimba amawonongeka kuti amalize kulipira mphamvu,
• njala yosalekeza
• kumangokhala wotopa
• kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kufooka kwa ndolo ya diso,
• maonekedwe a matenda oyamba ndi fungus

Zomwe Zimayambitsa Madzi Akuluakulu a shuga

Zifukwa zathupi

Zoyambitsa zathupi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga achulukuke ndi:

• kudya kwakanthawi kochepa (ndiye chifukwa chake shuga amene amamwetsa m'mimba yopanda kanthu amakhala ndi vuto lofufuzira), nthawi zambiri atatha kudya maola awiri, shuga sayenera kupitirira 5.5 mmol / l,
• kumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa zochuluka,
• zochitika zopsinjika (zimachitika chifukwa cha kutulutsidwa kwa mahomoni opsinjika m'magazi).

Zomwe zimayambitsa

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga m'magazi zimatuluka pazomwe zimayambitsa matenda omwe amapezeka.
The endocrinologists amati choyambitsa chitukuko cha matenda a shuga a ana mu autoimmune reaction, momwe thupi limayamba kupanga ma antibodies ake kuma cell awo apancreatic omwe amapanga insulin (islets of Langerhans).

Zofananazi zimachitika ndi cholowa chamtsogolo, matenda opatsirana (chimfine, rubella, kachilombo ka Epstein-Barr, kachilombo ka Coxsackie, cytomegalovirus).

Zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa mtundu woyamba wa matenda a shuga I kungakhale hypovitaminosis D, kudyetsa koyambirira mkaka wa ng'ombe (kukhazikika kwa zovuta zina), kudya koyambirira ndi chimanga, kudya zakudya zophatikizana ndi nitrate kapena nitrites.

Choyambitsa chachikulu cha matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri ndicho chibadwa cham'tsogolo. Akatswiri adazindikira majini omwe amayambitsa kupezeka kwa matenda a receptor zida zama cell. Chifukwa chake, ngati wina wa abale apamtima ali ndi matendawa, muyenera kukhala osamala momwe mungathere mu zakudya, monga tikambirana pansipa.

Mwazi wa magazi umakwera pazochitika zonse zokhudzana ndi zotupa za kapamba kapena necrosis ya minofu yake (kapamba wam'mimba, kapamba). Imfa ya zisumbu za Langerhans imabweretsa chifukwa chakuti kapamba amaleka kukwaniritsa ntchito yake ya endocrine.

Matenda opatsirana amatha kubweretsanso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kotero kuchuluka kwa shuga kokha komwe kumayeza pambuyo pochira kwathunthu kuchokera ku chimfine ndi SARS ina ndi ya kuzindikira mtengo. Musaiwale za izi, owerenga athu okondedwa.

Mavuto aliwonse a endocrine m'thupi (matenda a chithokomiro, zotupa za adrenal, acromegaly) amawonetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi zimatha kukhala matenda obadwa nawo: minyewa ya m'mimba, Huntington's chorea, cystic fibrosis.

Hyperglycemia ikhoza kukhala vuto limodzi pakumwa mankhwala, izi zimalembedwa poyera malangizo a mankhwalawo. Onetsetsani kuti mwawerengera zomwe zalembedwa m'bokosi lamankhwala, kuti mudziwe ngati mankhwala anu akukhudza shuga wamagazi kapena ayi.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri za shuga wambiri, tikulimbikitsa kuti tiwone kanema.

Kupewa shuga

Zakudya zoyenera zokwanira

Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa zakudya zopatsa mphamvu mu chakudya. Izi zimaphatikizapo shuga ndi sucrose, yomwe imasweka m'matumbo am'magazi mu glucose ndi fructose. Zimapezeka zochuluka mumaswiti onse, ndipo makamaka shuga ambiri mumakoma okoma a kaboni. Zakudya zam'madzi zotere zimatengedwa mwachangu kuchokera ku chakudya kulowa m'magazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga azikhala ndi shuga komanso magazi osalekeza.

Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kukumbukira kuti chidutswa chilichonse cha keke yokondweretsa chimakhala kuphulika kwa ziphuphu, zomwe zimakakamizidwa kuwonjezera kaphatikizidwe ka insulin kuti muthane ndi zovuta zomwe zimadza chifukwa chokhala ndi chakudya.

Amakhulupirira kuti kuchuluka kotetezeka sikuposa masipuni asanu a shuga patsiku.

Zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi ma polysaccharides (fiber fiber, inulin, starch) ziyenera kuphatikizidwa muzakudya. Amapuma pang'onopang'ono m'matumbo am'matumbo kupita ku ma monosaccharides, omwe nthawi zina amakhala mwakachetechete ndikuyika pang'ono ndi pang'ono m'magazi, ndikupereka mphamvu ya thupi lathu.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi

Udindo waukulu poletsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi kuchita zolimbitsa thupi. Mukamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, shuga amawonongeka ndi minofu ya minofu, yomwe imachepetsa mulingo wake m'magazi.

Pakafukufuku waposachedwa, asayansi aku Danish adatsimikizira kuti, mwachitsanzo, kuyendetsa njinga pafupipafupi kumachepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda ashuga ndi makumi awiri.

Kutalika kwambiri kugona

Kusowa pafupipafupi kumabweretsa kusinthasintha kwamisempha ya magazi.Chomwe chikuimbidwa ndi izi ndi kumasulidwa kwa ma hormone oponderezedwa a mahomoni, omwe amapezeka pamene thupi silingathe kupumula usiku.

Amakhulupirira kuti nthawi yokwanira kugona kwa amuna iyenera kukhala maola 7 mphindi 50, ndipo kwa amayi - maola 7 mphindi 40. Malinga ndi asayansi, ndikutalika kwa nthawi yayitali komwe kumakhala ndi thanzi labwino komanso nthawi yayifupi kwambiri popumira.

Dokotala wanu
Eugene Bullfinch

Ndithokoza Eugene chifukwa cha nkhani yake. Ndikofunika nthawi zonse kulandira zambiri kuchokera kwa katswiri yemwe ungamudalire. Komanso sitidzaiwala za kusowa kwathu kwathu komanso kusamalira thanzi lathu mwanzeru.

Ndipo kwaomwe tikuwonera lero kanema wokongola kwambiri wokhala ndi nyimbo yabwino. Ndimakukonda kwambiri ngati nyenyezi zonse zakuthambo .

Mwazi waukulu wamagazi - zizindikilo zazikulu za matendawo ndi malangizo a zoyenera kuchita

Moni owerenga okondedwa. Shuga ndichinthu chophatikiza chomwe chitha kuwononga zimakhala zathupi lathu. Kuphatikiza apo, malo okhala ndi shuga ambiri ndi abwino kwambiri pakubwera kwa tizilombo. Koma, kumbali ina, glucose ndikofunikira kuti thupi lathu lipatse maselo ake mphamvu. Momwe mungapezere zoyenera? Kuphatikiza apo, zakudya zamakono zomwe anthu ambiri amadya zimatanthauzanso kumwa kwambiri shuga. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuopsa kwa shuga wambiri, zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchulukitsidwa kwake komanso momwe mungapewerere kuwonjezeka kumeneku.

Kuopsa kwa shuga wambiri

Ponena za chizindikiro monga shuga wamagazi, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti shuga wanthawi zonse amene timadya ndi glucose ndi fructose.

Koma mulingo wa shuga wamagazi, izi ndizopezeka m'magazi. Mu thupi lathu, mumagawika magawo ena komanso kusintha kwa zinthu.

Glucose Ndi mphamvu yama cell athu. Koma, ndi gwero lamphamvu, kungokhala kale mkati mwa selo. Ndipo kuti mulowe mu cell mufunika insulin.

Koma, ngati pali shuga wambiri, komanso kuchepa kwa insulini, zimapezeka kuti shuga wachuluka m'magazi, koma maselo amafa ndi njala.

Chifukwa chake, zisonyezo zingapo za kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi ndi kuperewera kwa shuga ndizofanana. Koma thupi, mothandizidwa ndi mahomoni, limatumiza mphamvu zowonjezera ku mtundu wina wosungirako, ndipo ngati kuli koyenera, zochulukazo zimakonzedwanso mu shuga.

Ndipo matupi athu amasungira nkhokweyi m'chiwindi. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikofunikira kwambiri. Kuchulukirapo ndi kusowa kwa shuga ndizovuta kwa anthu.

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, shuga mthupi limagwira ntchito yothandizira. Glucose amapanga mitundu yambiri yama protein ndi deoxyribonucleic acid.

Ndiye kuti, mtundu wa kutukusira kumachitika pamlingo wa minyewa, yomwe imatchedwa glycation.

Zotsatira zake ndi kupangidwa kwa zinthu zapoizoni zomwe zimasungidwa m'thupi kwanthawi yayitali, kuyambira mwezi umodzi mpaka chaka. Chifukwa chake, pakukhathamira kwa glucose, momwemonso michere yama sumu imeneyi imapangidwa.

Vuto lachiwopsezo chachiwiri ndi kupsinjika kwa oxidative. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa zopitilira muyeso mthupi kumachuluka. Ndipo amadzetsa matenda oopsa angapo.

Shuga wambiri amachititsa ngozi zambiri:

• Matenda a ziwalo zamasomphenya.
• Matenda a mtima.
• Matenda a impso.
• Matenda obwezera ubongo.
• Kukalamba kwa chamoyo chonse kwachitika mwachangu.

Komanso, shuga wambiri umakhala wolakwika kwambiri. Kutopa kumawonekera, mavuto okhala ndi kunenepa kwambiri.

Ingoganizirani kuti thupi lathu lili ngati nyumba yayikulu yomangidwa ndi njerwa. Chifukwa chake, shuga amawononga njerwa iliyonse.

Ingoganizirani momwe izi ziwonekere malinga ndi momwe nyumbayo ilili. Shuga amawononganso maselo a thupi lathu.

Mwazi wa m'magazi ndiwo chizolowezi. Kodi shuga azikhala chiyani?

Miyezo yamakono ikutanthauza mulingo wabwinobwino kuchokera pa 3.3 mpaka 5.5 mmol / l . ngakhale atakhala zaka komanso amuna komanso akazi. Malinga ngati magazi adatengedwa pamimba yopanda chala.

Zizindikiro pamwambapa, pakupita nthawi, zimawerengedwa pamwamba pa chizolowezi. Komanso, kugwiritsa ntchito tiyi ndi madzi, matenda komanso matenda atulo amatha kusokoneza zotsatira zake.

Ngati magazi amatengedwa kuchokera m'mitsempha kuti iwunikidwe, ndiye kuti zotsatira zabwinobwino zimakhala zosiyanasiyana kuyambira 4 mpaka 6.1 mmol / lita.

Chizindikiro chikalowa nthawi kuchokera pa 5.6 mpaka 6.6, ndiye ichi ndichizindikiro kuti pali kuphwanya m'thupi . mogwirizana ndi kuyankha insulin. Insulin ndi mahomoni omwe amayang'anira kuperekera kwa kagayidwe kazachilengedwe m'thupi. Ndiye amene amachepetsa mphamvu ya shuga m'magazi.

Mulingo zopitilira 6.7, nthawi zambiri zimayimira kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga . Koma, kuti mutsimikizire matendawa, ndikofunikira kuti mupititse mayeso angapo.

Mwa amayi apakati, kuchuluka kwa glucose kumatha kuchuluka, ndipo izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti mwana wosabadwayo amafunikiranso shuga.

Shuga akhoza kuchulukitsidwa pang'ono mwa anthu opitirira zaka 60. Koma mwa ana, m'malo mwake, mlingowo ungakhale wotsika pang'ono. Koma ndizomwe zimakhudza shuga? Tidzamvetsetsa mu gawo lotsatira la nkhaniyi.

Mkulu shuga - zifukwa zomwe zingakhale

Zomwe zimayambitsa zimatha chifukwa cha zochitika zathupi zathupi, komanso zam'mbuyomu. Mwazi waukulu wamagazi pawokha sindiwo matenda. Onani zifukwa zake mwatsatanetsatane.

Zachilengedwe

1. Kuchulukitsa shuga mutatha kudya.
2. Kugwira ntchito kwambiri komanso kupanikizika.
3. Kuchulukitsa zolimbitsa thupi.
4. Kusuta.
5. Musanachitike kusamba.
6. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi.
7. Kuzunza.

Zamatsenga

Pazifukwa zomwezi zimaphatikizanso matenda osiyanasiyana. Ndipo chifukwa chake, muyenera kulimbana osati ndi chizindikiro, koma ndi zomwe zimayambitsa.

Matenda omwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi

Matenda oopsa amakhala kwayokha ngati pali shuga wambiri ndipo ndi matenda ashuga.

Matenda a shuga

Pali mitundu iwiri yamatenda awa. Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, insulini siyipangidwa, chifukwa chakuti chitetezo cha mthupi cha munthu chimapha maselo omwe ali ndi vuto lakapangidwe ake.

Mtunduwu umawonekera nthawi zambiri ubwana. Matendawa amayambitsidwa ndi majini kapena kachilombo.

Odwala amtundu woyamba adalowetsa insulin. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga umayamba kale pakati pa zaka zapakati. Kupanga kwa matendawa ndi kosiyana.

Insulin imapangidwa, koma simalumikizana ndi maselo, kapena kuchuluka kosakwanira kumapangidwa.

Chifukwa chake, mulingo wa shuga m'magazi umakwera. Mtundu wachiwiri ndi matenda omwe mwapeza, omwe amakwiya pazinthu zingapo, kuphatikiza: moyo wongokhala, kukhala wonenepa kwambiri, komanso kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi.

Pancreatitis ndi Pancreatic Cancer

Chifukwa cha matendawa, insulin siyobisidwa mulingo woyenera, ndichifukwa chake mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga umayamba.

Muthanso kunena kuti:

1. Cushing's syndrome ndi matenda ena a endocrine. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kumasokonezeka, ndipo glucose imamasulidwa.
2. Matenda a chiwindi.
3. Ma tumor a ziwalo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mahomoni azitha kupanga bwino.

Ndikufuna kuyang'ananso pazomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikuwona zina zingapo zomwe zingayambitse kuwonjezeka kwake.

Chifukwa chiyani shuga amayamba kukwera - chifukwa chake ndi chiyani?

Kukula kwakanthawi kochepa kwa shuga kumayambitsidwa ndi:

✔ Ululu waukulu womwe adrenaline amathamangira magazi.

✔ Opaleshoni yokhudzana ndi m'mimba.

Kumwa mankhwala kungapangitsenso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Mankhwalawa amaphatikizapo kulera kwa mahomoni, mankhwala angapo a psychotropic, ndi ena.

Zizindikiro zake ndi shuga wamagazi ambiri

Zizindikiro zingapo za izi ndi zofanana kwa mibadwo yonse ndi anyamata, koma palinso mawonekedwe awo.

Zizindikiro zambiri sizingadziwike pazokha, koma kwa anthu omwe atseka nthawi yomweyo amatha kuwoneka okayikira.

1. Kulakalaka kwambiri, pomwe kumverera kwanjala kumakusiyirani kanthawi kochepa, ndipo kulemera kwa thupi kumatsika.

1. Kutopa ndi kugona.

1. Kumva dzanzi m'manja ndi kumapazi.

1. Matenda a pakhungu monga dermatitis ndi furunculosis, komanso kuyabwa.

1. Kuchepetsa njira yochiritsira.

1. Kuchulukitsa ludzu. Glucose amatunga madzi m'maselo ndi minyewa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi azisowa komanso zizindikilo zingapo, monga nembanemba owuma, mutu.

1. Miyendo imazizirira kukhudza. Ichi ndichifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa magazi.

1. Mavuto amawonedwe. Zimathandizidwanso ndi kuphwanya magazi.

1. Kudzimbidwa pafupipafupi, kapena mosemphanitsa - kutsegula m'mimba.

1. Kulemera.

1. Kukula kwa nephropathy.

1. Kupuma pang'ono.

1. Arrhasmia.

1. Mutu ndi migraine. Kwa bongo, glucose ndiye gwero labwino lamphamvu. Ngati glucose salowa mu cell moyenera, ndiye kuti mafuta oxidation amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndipo ndizopanda phindu kwa thupi.

Mwa amuna kuphwanya kugonana, kuyabwa mu anus, ndipo mwina kutupa kwa chikhathamiro kumawonjezeredwa ndi izi.

Mwa akazi pafupipafupi matenda amtundu wakuthengo amatupa pamndandanda uwu, komanso kusamva bwino kumaliseche ndi kuyabwa.

Mu ana Zizindikiro ndizofanana. Ndikofunika kulipira chidwi chowonjezereka ngati mwana wanu wadzifotokoza, ngakhale sizachilendo kwa iye. Komanso, ana nthawi zambiri amachepetsa thupi, chifukwa thupi limayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kuti umabwezeretse mphamvu.

Mwazi shuga - zoyenera kuchita, komanso njira zopewera

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pang'onopang'ono koma kumabweretsa zowonongeka osati thanzi lathu lokha, komanso moyo wathu wonse. Chofunika kwambiri, kudziwa momwe mungachepetse shuga. Ngati shuga akwezedwa, onetsetsani kuti mwawongolera.

Kusinthaku kumakulirakulira, mphamvu zofunikira komanso kudzidalira kumagwa. Kodi kupewa izi? Mwambiri, titha kunena moyenera - moyo wathanzi.

Koma, kuti tipewe zikhulupiriro zofala pankhaniyi, tilingalira momveka bwino mfundo zake.

Kupewa kwambiri magazi:

Zakudya zoyenera zokwanira

Ichi ndiye njira yopewa matenda ambiri. Zakudya zanu ziyenera kuphatikiza mapuloteni okwanira ndi chakudya chamafuta abwino, omwe amalowetsedwa m'magazi pang'ono ndi pang'ono.

Mafuta ayenera kupezekanso mu zakudya. Zakudya zopatsa thanzi ziyenera kugawidwa muzakudya zingapo. Yesetsani kuti musadumphe chakudya cham'mawa.

Chakudya choyamba chimachepetsa kudya tsiku lonse. Maola atatu mutatha kudya, mumatha kumva kuti mukumva njala, ndichifukwa chake timafunikira zakudya zathanzi.

Chepetsani kudya kwanu zakudya zamafuta othamanga. Amakhala ndi shuga wambiri, amalimbikitsa kutulutsa kwa insulin, ndipo mukufuna kudya kachiwiri. Makamaka ambiri mwa zakudya izi mu zakudya zotsekemera komanso zosakhazikika, komanso koloko.

Kumwa ndi Kudya

Pali zakudya zingapo zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa magazi:

Zachidziwikire, mndandandawu sutsika shuga, koma sizimapangitsa kuti chiwonjezere ndi kumwa kwambiri.

Komanso, zowonjezera zina zitha kuthandiza thupi, mchere monga chromium ungapindule. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi thupi lathu kuteteza matenda a metabolism, komanso amachepetsa kukalamba.

Vanadium imathandizanso, yomwe imathandizira kukhazikika kwa shuga. Ndipo zonunkhira zothandiza ndi sinamoni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti insulini ikhale yothandizanso, komanso yothandiza polimbana ndi zovuta kusintha.

Kuyang'ana kwambiri mizati inayiyi, sikuti mungochepetsa chiwopsezo cha matenda ambiri, komanso kusintha moyo wanu ndikukhala bwino.

Thanzi lanu limadalira kwambiri inu. Ngati muli ndi shuga yayikulu magazi, ndiye kuti muyenera kuchita izi pamwambapa kuti mupewe mavuto.Kupewa ndikwabwino kuposa kuchiza matenda ambiri.

Ngati zizindikiro sizikusiyani kwakanthawi pambuyo pa zomwe mwachita, ndiye kuti muyenera kufunsa dokotala kuti akuthandizeni. Mwina chifukwa chakuwonjezeka kwa shuga kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda, motero kudzichitira nokha sikungabweretse zotsatira zomwe mukufuna.

Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti glucose ndiyofunikira m'thupi lathu, makamaka ubongo. Chifukwa chake, mulingo sayenera kukhala wochulukirapo, koma wokwanira.

Kuperewera kwa shuga ndikolakwika kwa thanzi lathu

Pafupifupi zaka 10 zapitazo anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti mtundu 2 wa matenda ashuga ndi matenda omwe amawonekera pokhapokha zaka zapakati, koma kafukufuku wamakono wasonyeza kuti ndiocheperako.

Mkulu wamagazi sikuti nthawi zonse amakhala chizindikiro cha matenda ashuga, koma, kawirikawiri, harbinger wake.

Matendawa amathandizidwa kwambiri ndipo amakhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa thupi lonse, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kupewa matenda ashuga panthawi yake. Ndipo, tsoka, palibe mankhwala omwe angatenge ndikuchotsa matenda ashuga kwamuyaya.

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matendawa amayenera kutsatira kadyedwe, kuwongolera shuga ndikuwamwa mankhwala. Ndipo izi sizikugwira ntchito kwa akulu okha, komanso kwa ana.

Kuyambira ndili mwana, ndikofunikira kuti azolowere zakudya zoyenera ndikuwunika thanzi lawo.

Zoyambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa mwana

Chaka chilichonse matenda a shuga amawonjezeka mwa ana. Izi zitha kukhala zotsatira za matenda oyamba ndi kachilombo, kapena matenda obadwa nawo. Nthawi zina makolo amawopa mayeso a shuga mukamayesedwa magazi asanachitike.

Mwana sangakhale ndi matenda a shuga, koma kuyezetsa magazi, shuga amatha kukhala okwera kapena otsika kuposa abwinobwino.
Musanayambe kuchita mantha, ndikofunikira kuyambiranso kuwunika kwapita nthawi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zachitika molondola, i.e. pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Zotsatirazi zingayambitse kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi:

kusala kudya kwanthawi yayitali kapena kumwa madzi osakwanira,
matenda osachiritsika, matenda am'mimba,
sarcoidosis kapena insulinoma,
poizoni wa arsenic kapena chloroform.
Kuchepetsa shuga kulinso kowopsa monga kuukweza. Shuga wokwera amakhala wowopsa akakhala lakuthwa kwambiri kapena lalitali. Kuchepetsa shuga mwachangu kwambiri komanso modabwitsa kungachititse kuti musamaiwale ngakhalenso kukhala ndi vuto la polyglycomic. Kuchepa kwambiri kwa shuga kumatha kuzindikirika chifukwa chakuti mwana amayamba kufunsa maswiti, kenako ndikuwonjezereka kwa zochitika, pomwe mwanayo akatembenuka, thukuta, kudandaula chizungulire ndipo kenako kufota. Kutsekeka kwa magazi a glucose kumatha kusintha vutoli. Ngati mwana akudziwa, ndiye kuti apereke zipatso zokoma (apulo, peyala, pichesi) kapena mkaka, madzi. Shuga kuchokera pamalonda awa amalowetsedwa mwachangu kwambiri kuposa maswiti kapena ma cookie.
Mwa ana osakwana chaka chimodzi, miyezo ya shuga ya magazi ndi 2.8-4.4 mmol / L, kuyambira chaka chimodzi kufikira zisanu - 3.3-5 mmol / L. Pambuyo pa zaka 6, cholembera chapamwamba chimakwera mpaka 5.5 mmol / L. Ngati kusanthula kwawonetsa shuga wa 10 kapena kupitilira mmol / l, muyenera kulumikizana ndi katswiri nthawi yomweyo.
Ali pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda a shuga ndi ana omwe makolo onse kapena m'modzi ali ndi matenda otere. Poyambirira, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda ashuga ndi 30%, ndipo wachiwiri 10%. Ngati tikulankhula za mapasa, m'modzi yemwe adapezeka ndi matenda ashuga, wachiwiri atha kupezekanso. Kuphatikiza apo, matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri akuwoneka ngati amapasa wachiwiri, ndipo mtundu 1 umayamba mwa 50% yokha.