Kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin mwa amuna - zomwe akunena komanso zomwe zikufunika kuchitika

Kwa zaka zambiri osavutika ndi CHOLESTEROL?

Mutu wa Bungwe: “Mudzadabwa momwe zimakhalira zosavuta kuchepetsa mafuta m'thupi mwakumwa tsiku lililonse.

Hemoglobin ndi cholesterol ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa thupi. Chilichonse chimakhala ndi chizolowezi chomwe chimalimbikitsa munthu. Zomwe zili zochepa, kuti cholesterol yapamwamba ndi hemoglobin ndizowopsa.

Hemoglobin imadziwika kuti ndi mapuloteni ovuta, omwe ntchito yake yofunika kwambiri ndiko kusuntha kwa mpweya ndi kaboni dayokisi mkati mwa thupi. Kuchuluka kwake kumapangitsa ntchito ya ziwalo zonse. Zotsatira zake, njirazi zimachitika ndipo mitsempha yamagazi imatsekeka.

Owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito bwino Aterol kutsitsa cholesterol. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Cholesterol - chinthu chomwe chimakhala m'gulu la mafuta, chimapangidwa m'chiwindi ndipo chimalowa m'thupi monga gawo la chakudya. Nthawi zambiri, thupi limafuna moyo wonse, limagwira ntchito zotsatirazi:

• Thandizo popanga bile acid.
• Amathandizira pakupanga mahomoni.
• Zimathandizira kuchotsa zinthu zovulaza m'thupi.
• Zokhudzidwa ndi chimbudzi.

Mlingo wa cholesterol m'thupi la munthu aliyense umasiyana pang'ono ndi momwe zimakhalira wamba. Chizindikirochi chimatengera cholowa, zaka komanso moyo. Zizindikiro zimasiyana ndi jenda - mkazi amakhala ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba kuposa abambo.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya cholesterol m'thupi - otsika komanso okwera. Katundu wokhala ndi kachulukidwe kochepa amatchedwa cholesterol yoyipa. Pakukhudzidwa kwambiri m'magazi, kumayambitsa kutsekeka kwamitsempha yamagazi ndikupanga cholesterol plaque, komwe kumayambitsa matenda amtima wamitsempha, ndipo motsutsana ndi izi, kusokoneza pakugwira ntchito kwa ziwalo. Katundu wokhala ndi kachulukidwe kwambiri amatchedwa wothandiza. Pamaso pa zinthu zamtunduwu mwachizolowezi, zimaletsa kupezeka kwa matenda ndipo zimakhudzidwa ndi njira za metabolic.

Zimayambitsa High Hemoglobin ndi Cholesterol

Kuthamanga kwa zinthu ziwiri izi kungawonetse kukhalapo kwa matenda.

Ndi hemoglobin yowonjezereka, kukomoka kwa ziwalo kumawonedwa. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ndizambiri.

Pali zifukwa ziwiri zoyambitsa: zakunja ndi zamkati.

Kunja kumaphatikizapo kutenga pakati, makamaka malo okhala, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusuta, mawonekedwe aluso.

Zomwe zimapangidwira mkati zimaphatikizira zifukwa zomwe zimakhudzana ndi momwe thupi limakhalira: kuthamanga kwa shuga, shuga, erythrocytosis komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa matenda a impso ndi mtima, hemolytic anemia, matenda obadwa nako a mtima, kuperewera kwa magazi, khansa, kuchuluka kwa mavitamini B9, B12, kuperewera kwa m'mapapo mwanga.

Kuti muthe kuchita pakapita nthawi, muyenera kumvera thupi lanu. Zizindikiro za izi sizofunika kwenikweni, koma zikuwonekera.

Ndi kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin mwa anthu, pali:

1. kutopa,
2. kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe
3. khungu
4. kugona kwambiri.

Pa mulingo wakunja, mawonekedwe amawonetsa kuti ndi ochepa, koma njira zosasintha zimachitika mkati mwa thupi. Ngati simutembenukira kwa akatswiri nthawi, mavuto akulu azaumoyo angabuke.

Kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol kumayambitsa zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, izi ndi monga:

• Zakudya zopanda pake.
• Kulephera kuchita zolimbitsa thupi.
• Matenda a oncological.
• Kusuta.
• Kuchepa kwa chiwindi.
• M'badwo.
• Makamaka.

Zizindikiro zakunja za cholesterol yapamwamba sizingakhale zowala. Imadziwulula makamaka ndi zizindikiro zosokoneza mu ntchito ya ziwalo zosiyanasiyana.

Zizindikiro zomwe zili ndi cholesterol yambiri m'thupi ndizophatikiza:

1. maonekedwe a ululu m'miyendo mukamachita zolimbitsa thupi.
2. mawonekedwe a chikasu pakhungu la nkhope,
3. kupasuka kwamitsempha yamagazi
4. blockage mitsempha yamagazi yama cholesterol.

Zizindikiro izi ziyenera kupangitsa munthu kupita kuchipatala mwachangu.

Chithandizo cha kuphwanya cholesterol ndi hemoglobin

Dziwitsani kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ikuchitika popereka magazi kuti awone zamankhwala am'thupi. Kusanthula kumaperekedwa m'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Tsiku lisanachitike izi, simungayendere sauna, bafa. Muyeneranso kusiya kusamba koyaka.

Kwa kusanthula, magazi a venous ndi capillary amatengedwa. Kutengera ndi matendawo, akatswiri amapanga njira zingapo zochizira. Kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin kumawonetsa magazi.

Ola limodzi musanatolere magazi, simuyenera kusuta, osamwa khofi ndi tiyi.

Mulingo wokwanira hemoglobin pafupifupi nthawi zonse umawonetsa kukhalapo kwa matenda. Pali mankhwala othandizira omwe amatha kuchepetsa hemoglobin. Amavomerezeka kuchitira matenda amtunduwu ndi ma antiplatelet agents. Awa ndi magazi. Muyenera kuwatengera moyang'aniridwa ndi katswiri, chifukwa ali ndi zovuta zambiri. Mankhwala ena amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kukweza hemoglobin.

Mlingo wa hemoglobin m'magazi umalumikizidwa ndi zakudya zomwe zimamwa.

Kuzindikira kwambiri cholesterol imachitikanso ndi ma laboratory kusanthula magazi:

• Mafuta athunthu a cholesterol awonetsa kuchuluka kwamagazi ambiri.
• Kuwunika kwa Lipoprotein ndikulondola kwambiri. Musanapendeke, simungadye chakudya maola 12 musanapereke magazi.

Pali mayeso ofotokozera, aliyense akhoza kuzitenga, nthawi iliyonse. Pa njira yodziwitsira matenda, pali zida zapadera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito - kupenda cholesterol. Mutha kugula nokha. Ndemanga za ntchito yake zili zabwino. Kuphatikiza pa kusanthula kumeneku, ndikofunikira kupimidwa thupi lonse.

Kufufuza za matenda a shuga ndikoyenera, chifukwa cholesterol yambiri imawonedwa pamaso pamatendawa.

Kuti muwone shuga wambiri, mumangopereka magazi kuti ayesedwe shuga.

Panyumba, kuti muchepetse chakudya m'magazi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera - glucometer.

Zakudya za khungu cholesterol ndi hemoglobin

Kuphatikiza pa njira zochiritsira zokhazokha, zakudya zopatsa thanzi zimathandizanso pakukula kwa zinthu. Kuti muchepetse cholesterol ndi hemoglobin, muyenera kusintha zakudya zanu.

Pofuna kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin, zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi chitsulo ziyenera kusiyidwa kwathunthu kuzakudya. Zipatso zina ndi nyama ndi zakudya zotere. Chizindikiro cha cholesterol chitha kuchepa ngati chakudya chokhala m'mafuta achinyama sichitha kwina kuzakudya.

Kukhala ndi cholesterol yoipa yambiri sikulimbikitsa magazi.

Zakudya zosaloledwa zomwe zimakhala ndi cholesterol yayikulu zimaphatikizapo dzira la mazira, nyama yofiira, nsomba zam'madzi, sipinachi, nyemba, buckwheat, oatmeal, korona wa tirigu, nkhuyu, maapulo, Persimmons, bowa, caviar, masamba ofiira, mpendadzuwa ndi mbewu za dzungu, komanso mowa.

Chithandizo cha hemoglobin yafupika iyeneranso kutsatiridwa potsatira zakudya.

Zosankha zapaderazi zimaphatikizapo izi:

1. Dzira yolk.
2. Chiwindi.
3. Ma apricots owuma.
4. Zouma.
5. Msuzi wa Rosehip.
6. Plums.
7. Maapulo
8. Buckwheat
9. Ma Walnuts ndi ma almond.
10. Kalulu nyama, ng'ombe, mwanawankhosa.
11. Tchizi zofewa zomwe zimakhala ndi pepsin.

Miyezo ya cholesterol imagwirizana mwachindunji ndi chakudya. Zakudya za hypocholesterol cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti zakudya zina ziyenera kupatulidwa Zakudya zilizonse.

Malonda omwe analimbikitsidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito pakakhala mafuta ambiri a cholesterol ndi awa:

• mafuta ochepa mkaka,
• Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a maolivi okha,
• nyama yotsamira, mwanawankhosa,
• nsomba
• Masamba atsopano ndi zipatso
• nyemba.

Simungadye maswiti, nyama yamafuta, margarine, mtedza, mowa.

Kodi hemoglobin akufotokozedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.

Tiyeni tikambirane za momwe tiyenera kuchitira cholesterol yayikulu

Cholesterol ndi lipid pawiri yomwe imapangidwa m'chiwindi ndikuyenda m'magazi ndikofunikira kuti thupi la munthu lipange ziwalo zonse za cell, kupanga mahomoni a steroid ndi bile. Chofunikira ichi mokulira chimakhala mdani wamitsempha yamagazi ndipo chimayambitsa kufa kwakukulu chifukwa cha kugunda kwa mtima ndi sitiroko.

Zolinga Zokwera

Cholesterol ndi chinthu chamkati chopangidwa popanda thupi. 15-20% yokha yake imalowa m'magazi ndi chakudya, chifukwa chake kuchuluka kwa cholesterol sikungokhala mu zakudya zopanda pake za munthu. Mlandu pa izi ndi:

• chibadwa
• hypothyroidism (hypothyroidism),
• matenda ashuga
• hypomania
• cholelithiasis
• kuvutitsidwa kwa beta-blockers, okodzetsa, immunosuppressants,
• kusuta, uchidakwa,
• zakudya zopanda thanzi.

Kuwopsa kwa cholesterol yayikulu

Mafuta Cholesterol

• mu mapuloteni-lipid maofesi: HDL, LDL, VLDL (cholesterol chowonjezera) - 60-70%,
• mwaulere - 30-40% ya okwanira.

Kumangirira zozungulira ziwiri, umodzi umakhala wofanana. Zizindikiro zotsatirazi za cholesterol yathunthu m'magazi zimadziwika kuti ndizabwinobwino:

Chizindikiro chomwe chimaposa zaka zakubadwa chimawerengedwa kuti chikuwonjezeka. Gulu lowopsa la matenda amitsempha yama mtima limaphatikizapo amuna opitilira 55 ndi amayi opitilira 65 omwe ali ndi cholesterol yokwanira m'magazi> 4.9 mmol / L.

Owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito bwino Aterol kutsitsa cholesterol. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Kodi chiwopsezo chowonjezeka chimakhala chowopsa bwanji?

Cholesterol yochulukirapo ikhoza kuyikidwa kukhoma lamkati la mitengo ikuluikulu komanso mitsempha yamagazi ya mtima, zomwe zingayambitse mawonekedwe a cholesterol plaque.

Funsani dokotala wanu kuti akuuzeni ngati muli ndi matenda ena

Anna Ponyaeva. Amaliza maphunziro awo ku Nizhny Novgorod Medical Academy (2007-2014) ndi Residency in Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (2014-2016). Funsani funso >>

Chikwangwani chitha kutsekeka kwathunthu kwa chithokomiro cham'mimba ndikupangitsa angina pectoris komanso kulephera kwamtima kosatha. Ngati chidacho chadzaza ndi cholesterol, imagwa chifukwa chotupa kapena kuchuluka kwa ziwiyazo ndikulowa m'magazi, kuphwanya kwaphokoso kwambiri kumachitika.

"Cholesterol gruel" yokhala ndi zolembera zowonongeka imasunga mitsempha yaubongo ndikupangitsa kuti ischemic stroke.

Kukonza mankhwala

Mankhwala omwe amachepetsa cholesterol yamagazi amatchedwa ma statins. Zoyipa kuti zigwiritse ntchito:

• gawo la kuchuluka kwa chiwindi, matenda a chiwindi,
• mimba, yoyamwitsa,
• wosakwana zaka 18
• kuchuluka kwa matenda a impso,
• tsankho
• kumwa nthawi imodzi.

Malangizo pazakudya za anthu omwe ali ndi cholesterol yayikulu m'magazi ikufanana ndi tebulo No. 10, 10C malinga ndi Pevzner. Kuwongolera zakudya ndi njira yodalirika yochotsera zakudya zomwe zimayambitsa kukhathamiritsa kwa mafuta m'thupi.

Malangizo onse

1. Mtengo wamagetsi watsiku ndi tsiku suyenera kupitilira 2600 Kcal.
2. Zakudya zomanga thupi ndi 90 g (zomwe 55-60% zimapatsidwa mapuloteni amanyama).
3. Kudya kwamafuta tsiku ndi tsiku sikuposa 80 g (pomwe osaposa 60% amapatsidwa mapuloteni amanyama).
4. Zopatsa mphamvu - zosaposa 350 g.
5. Chiwerengero cha zakudya patsiku - 5-6.
6. Osaposa 5 mg wa mchere patsiku.
7. Kuchuluka kwamafuta owopsa si zoposa 1% ya chakudya chonse.
8. Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku ziyenera kukhala ndi magalamu 30-45 a fiber masamba, 200 g zamasamba atsopano, 200 g zipatso zatsopano.
9. Kumwa nsomba tsiku lililonse 2-3.
10. Osapitirira 20 g mowa tsiku lililonse kwa amuna ndipo osaposa 10 g ya akazi.

Zitsanzo za zakudya

1 Chakudya cham'mawa chotsatira: bere la nkhuku yophika, mbatata yophika, amadyera, saladi watsopano wa tomato, nkhaka, chipatso chowuma kapena tiyi wopanda mphamvu ndi mandimu.

2 kadzutsa: Oatmeal odzola, nthochi, apulo, sangweji ya cod.

Chakudya chamasana: kanyumba tchizi kassassole kapena msuzi wamafuta ochepa, ndiwo kagawo ka ng'ombe, apulo, nthochi kapena lalanje, msuzi wa rosehip.

Chakudya chamadzulo: supu ya masamba ophika, msuzi wa buckthorn, nkhaka, phwetekere kapena peyala.

Zakudya Zovomerezeka

• Masamba, zipatso,
• mkate wa lilime, chinangwa
• Kalulu wowiritsa kapena wowira, ng'ombe, nkhuku,
• nsomba yamchere yophika kapena yophika yamchere yokhala ndi mchere pang'ono ndi zonunkhira,
• zipatso kanyumba tchizi casseroles,
• phala ndi mbali yamkati ya semolina, Buckwheat, oatmeal,
• masamba abwino, ophika, owiritsa, ophika,
• Zipatso zatsopano
• zoyera
• kuchuluka kwa mtedza, wokondedwa,
• tchizi zosasunthika
• mafuta ochepa mkaka,
• masamba osapanda masamba,
• mabulosi, zakumwa za zipatso, zakudya zonunkhira, zipatso zoperewera, mankhwala a zitsamba.

Zakudya Zosalimbikitsa

• Yothira mafuta, mbale zakusuta,
• nyama yamafuta, nkhuku ndi nsomba, mafuta anyama,
• makeke, pasitala, mkate woyera, mpunga,
• sodas zabwino, chokoleti,
• zonunkhira, msuzi,
• bowa
• dzira
• khofi wamphamvu, tiyi, koko
• masoseji
• mafuta amkaka, kuphatikiza tchizi,
• zogulitsa zomwe zimakhala ndizapamwamba zambiri, zowonjezera, zowonjezera, zokuthandizira zowonjezera.

Kuchiza ndi wowerengeka azitsamba

Ndipo tsopano tiyeni tikambirane za momwe tiyenera kuchitira cholesterol yapamwamba ndi mankhwala wowerengeka. Kumbukirani kuti chithandizo cha mankhwala wowerengeka chokhala ndi wowerengeka sayenera kuthana ndimankhwala ndikuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito ma statin.

1. Onjezani madontho 20 a phula la phula ku kapu yamadzi. Tengani phula lamadzi katatu patsiku musanadye.
2. Ponda muzu wa ginger mu chopukusira cha adyo, onjezerani madontho atatu a mandimu ku tiyi. Mutha kumwa madzi a muzu wa ginger m'mawa ndi madzulo.
3. Tani tiyi wa ginger wogwiritsa ntchito supuni ziwiri zamatumbo a ginger wodula, onjezani magawo angapo a mandimu ku teapot.
4. Momwemonso tiyi wochokera ku maluwa a linden amapangidwa (supuni ziwiri za maluwa owuma pa lita imodzi yamadzi). Tiyi yabwino imakhala yabwino m'mawa, pachakudya chamadzulo komanso madzulo. Mutha kusungunula mungu wa 1 g wa mungu wa tiyi akamamwa tiyi.
5. Konzani nokha mafutawo, momwe mungafunikire magawo 10 a adyo mu makapu awiri a mafuta. Finyani msuzi kuchokera ku adyo ndikusakaniza ndi mafuta, lolani kuti ubwere. Gwiritsani ntchito kuvala masaladi.
6. Konzani kulowetsedwa pa katsabola. Tengani 1/1 chikho cha katsabola watsopano, supuni ya pansi ya valerian. Thirani madzi otentha ndikuphika kwa mphindi 20. Lolani kuti zibwereke kwa masiku angapo, kupsyinjika. Imwani kulowetsedwa musanadye chilichonse ndi supuni ya uchi.
7. Thirani supuni ziwiri za uchi wa njuchi mumsavuchi, kutsanulira kapu ya madzi otentha ndikumawotcha kwa maola awiri pa moto wochepa. Zisiyeni zizivuta. Sefa kulowetsedwa musanagwiritse ntchito. Imwani katatu patsiku musanadye.

Zithandizo za anthu ndizothandiza kwambiri poletsa kupangika kwa cholesterol plaque.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi

Chotsani kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi chifukwa cha kufooka kwa mtima komanso mtima.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi sikuyenera kuwononga moyo wanu. Njira zothandiza kwambiri ndizochita zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi. Amapangidwa kuti azilimbitsa khoma lam'mimba ndi minofu ya mtima ndikuphatikiza:

• Kuyenda kapena kuyenda mu mpweya watsopano,
• Kuyendetsa mosavuta pa liwiro loyenera
• masewera olimbitsa thupi m'mawa (squats, miyendo yolowera, kudumphira pamalopo),
• kusinthasintha ndi zolimbitsa thupi,
• kulimbitsa thupi ndi ma dumbbells,
• aerobics kapena kusambira.

About mkulu cholesterol ndi zochita mu izi

Yemwe mungalumikizane ndi thandizo

Mutha kulumikizana ndi GP wakwanuko kuti ayesedwe magazi a magazi anu osiyanasiyana. Wochiritsirayo amasankha mankhwala, ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, adzakutumizirani kwa dokotala wamtima, yemwe angasankhe mankhwalawa kutengera mtundu wamtima wanu, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, zaka, kulemera kwa thupi ndi matenda ena.

Ndipo pomaliza - mungatani kuti muchepetse cholesterol popanda mankhwala

Zomera zamankhwala kuti muchepetse mafuta m'thupi

Cholesterol chamagazi ndimavuto omwe anthu ambiri amakumana nawo. Popeza kuti 90% ya cholesterol imapangidwa ndi thupi lokha, ngati mungadziletsa kutsatira zakudya zomwe sizimapatula zakudya zomwe zili ndi mafuta azakudya zambiri, sizingatheke. Masiku ano, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumakuthandizani kuti muchepetse mafuta m'thupi nthawi yochepa. Koma mbewu zomwe zimachepetsa cholesterol, pankhani yothandiza, ndizofanana ndi mankhwala. Malinga ndi lingaliro la ntchito, zitsamba zamankhwala zimagawidwa m'magulu atatu:

• kusokoneza mayamwidwe a cholesterol,
• umalimbana ndi kuletsa cholesterol,
• imathandizira kagayidwe kachakudya komanso kuthetseratu kolesterol.

Zomera Zopanda Cholesterol

Kuchepetsa mayamwidwe a cholesterol m'matumbo, kuletsa kuyambiranso kwa bile, mbewu zomwe zimakhala ndi β-sitosterol, sorbent yachilengedwe, ndizothandiza. Zapamwamba kwambiri pazopezeka mu zipatso za sea sea buckthorn, nyongolosi ya tirigu, nthangala za sesame, ndi chinangwa (brown) ya mpunga. Zambiri zimapezeka mu nthanga za mpendadzuwa ndi pistachios (0,3%), m'mbewu za dzungu (0.26%), mu ma amondi, mafilakisi, mtedza wa mkungudza, zipatso zosapsa.

Zitsamba zamankhwala zomwe zimaletsa mayamwidwe a cholesterol zimaphatikizapo mizu ya burdock, chamomile, adyo, ma rhizome ma rhizome, masamba ndi zipatso za viburnum, masamba a coltsfoot, mizu ndi masamba a dandelion, udzu wa oat, maluwa arnica.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti chomera chilichonse chili ndi mawonekedwe ake ndi zolephera zake pakugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Chifukwa chake, phiri la arnica ndi chomera chakupha, sikololedwa kugwiritsa ntchito ndi magazi ochulukirapo. Dandelion sagwiritsidwa ntchito matenda ammimba, coltsfoot - matenda a chiwindi. Ponena za mbewu zina, lingaliro lalikulu ndilakuti pakakhala kubereka ndi mkaka wawo sayenera kuwonongedwa.

Kupondereza mbewu za cholesterol synthesis

Zogwira ntchito zamankhwala othandizira, monga mafuta a monounsaturated, sitosterols, zimalepheretsa kaphatikizidwe ka cholesterol m'chiwindi. Pakati pa mankhwala azitsamba amtunduwu, mbewu zothandiza kwambiri ndi izi: mizu ya ginseng, kuyesa kwambiri, prickly Eleutherococcus, komanso mbewu ndi zipatso za Schisandra chinensis, chestnut ya kavalo, bowa wa chaga, masamba a lingonberry, hawthorn, plantain yayikulu, white mistletoe, udzu wamba wa cuff, wort wa St. repeshka wa mankhwala, bere, levzea, rhizome wa Rhodiola rosea.

Pogwiritsa ntchito moyenera, zokha zitsamba za wamba cuff ndi malo wamba sizimagwirizana nazo.

Pankhaniyi, chomera chakupha kwambiri pazomwe zidatchulidwa - mistletoe yoyera. Udzu wa wort wa St. John ulinso woopsa. Sizovomerezeka kuchitira maphunziro awiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito popanda yopuma. Ginseng sayenera kudyedwa ndi mtima wokhetsa magazi, ndikuphwanya kwamanjenje. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kugona amatsutsana ndikugwiritsa ntchito ginseng, prickly eleutherococcus, mayesero apamwamba, leuzea, mtengo wa mpesa waku China.

Kuphatikiza apo, Eleutherococcus, Zamaniha ndi Rhodiola rosea ndi mbewu zomwe sizingatengedwe chifukwa cha zovuta zamtima: tachycardia, matenda oopsa. Schisandra chinensis imasokonekera chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kukakamira, komanso vegetovascular dystonia. Ndi hypotension, chithandizo ndi chestnut ndi hawthorn sichingachitike. Komanso ma chestnut a kavalo sangatengedwe ndi matenda a shuga komanso kutseguka kwa magazi mkati.

Iwo contraindicated pochotsa mkulu plantain cholesterol ndi gastritis, kuchuluka kwa chapamimba madzi ndi mkulu acidity. Bearberry udzu umaphatikizidwa mu pachimake impso matenda.

Imathandizira njira yochotsera mafuta a cholesterol

Zomera zokhala ndi ma pectins, zomwe sizimamwa kapena m'mimba kapena matumbo, zimathandizira kagayidwe. Zinthu izi ndi mafuta osungunuka am'madzi omwe amamanga ndikuchotsa cholesterol m'thupi, komanso poizoni zosiyanasiyana. Pakati pazomera za gululi, zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri ndi centaury, mbewu za katsabola wapachaka, ligniferous meadowsweet, zipatso za rasipiberi wamba, phulusa wamba la kumapiri ndi hawthorn.

Ponena za contraindication, chomera chapakati pang'ono sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito gastritis, kuchuluka kwa acidity ya m'mimba, chilonda cham'mimba. Mbewu za katsabola ndi lignolaria meadowsweet sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito poyerekeza, komanso kuchepa kwa magazi. Zipatso za rasipiberi ziyenera kupewedwa ndi kuchulukitsa kwa zilonda zam'mimba, gastritis, ndi matenda a impso. Ndi kuchulukana kwa magazi, kusokonezeka kwa mtima wamagazi komanso kuchuluka kwa m'mimba pansi pa chiletso cha phulusa la mapiri.

Njira zakukonzekera infusions mankhwala

Pochepetsa cholesterol yamagazi ndi zitsamba, ndikofunikira kupewa zoyipa. Njira yotsimikiziridwa ikulimbikitsidwa: kwa mwezi umodzi amatenga kulowetsedwa kwa chimodzi mwazomera zomwe zalembedwa m'nkhaniyi. The kulowetsedwa zakonzedwa motere: 20 g zouma ndi pansi nthaka amathira ndi 250 ml ya madzi otentha, kuwiritsa pa moto wochepa kwa mphindi 10 ndikuumirizidwa kwa mphindi 30. The chifukwa mankhwala amatengedwa katatu patsiku musanadye, 75 ml.

Zopeza bwino kwambiri za phyto zimathandizanso kuti magazi a m'magazi azikhala ochepa. Kwa m'modzi mwa iwo mufunika supuni zitatu za sitiroberi wamtchire, currant, chingwe, supuni ziwiri za mgoza wa kavalo, wort wa St. John, maluwa a clover ndi supuni imodzi ya nettle, udzu wamahatchi. Kenako 15 g ya osakaniza yomalirayo imathiridwa mu 500 ml ya madzi otentha ndikuumirira theka la ola. Imwani kulowetsedwa kwa 100 ml 4 pa tsiku.

Kusakaniza kwina kumakonzedwa kuchokera ku supuni zitatu za maluwa a hawthorn, udzu wouma wa sinamoni, motsatizana, supuni ziwiri zimatenga zitsamba za thyme ndi supuni imodzi ya masamba a mamawort ndi zipatso za rosehip. Njira yofulula ndi njira yolimbikitsira yofanana ndi momwe zimakhalira poyamba.

Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti sizingatheke kusintha magazi m'thupi pogwiritsa ntchito phytotherapy mwachangu monga momwe amachitira ndi mankhwala. Zotsatira zabwino zimatheka chifukwa chophatikiza mankhwalawa ndizomera zamankhwala ndi zakudya komanso zolimbitsa thupi. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mumayesedwe magazi nthawi ndi nthawi, miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse, kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, gwiritsani ntchito kusankha kwa chithandizo chovuta ndi akatswiri oyenerera.

High hemoglobin mwa amuna - izi zikutanthauza chiyani ndipo zikuyenera kuchitidwa?

Poyamba, ndikofunikira kudziwa malire a mtundu wa Hb kwa abambo. Zovomerezeka zam'badwo uliwonse ndizosiyana. Kuphatikiza apo, kufunika kwake mwa amuna ndi akazi ndikosiyana pang'ono, kuyambira zaka 15.

Nthawi zambiri ana a zaka zoyambira 1 mpaka 10 amasiyana kuchokera pa 100 mpaka 145 g / l.

Kwa achinyamata azaka za 10 mpaka 16, mtengo wovomerezeka uli pamtunda kuchokera pa 120 mpaka 165 g / l. Kenako, kufikira zaka 18, amasintha pang'ono: 115 - 167 g / l.

Kuyambira wazaka 18 mpaka 65, mulingo wabwinobwino Hb kwa amuna ndiwokhazikika ndipo amayenera kugwa kuchokera pa 130 mpaka 175 g / l.

Pambuyo pa zaka 65, amuna amalangizidwa kuti azisunga Hb zomwe zili ndi 125 mpaka 177 g / l.

High hemoglobin mwa amuna imapezeka ngati:

• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira malire
• amakhala kumapiri
• kusuta
• kusowa kwamadzi
• mavuto azisangalalo,
• erythrocyte hemolysis,
• kunenepa kwambiri
• erythrocytosis,
• aakulu mapapu matenda
• Matenda a Pickwick
• zolakwika zamtima zina
• hydronephrosis ndi hypernephroma,
• pheochomocytomas,
• pituitary adenomas,
• chipapalachi hemangioblastomas,
• kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti ma ayoni azitsulo, etc.

Kuzindikira kuchuluka kwambiri kwa hemoglobin m'magazi a amuna omwe amakhala kumapiri kapena kukwera mapiri kumadziwika kuti ndizofala. Kuwonjezeka kwa kufunikira kwa okosijeni kumachitika chifukwa cha kutsika kwake m'mlengalenga.

Ngati hemoglobin wabwinobwino wapezeka mwa munthu (170 g / l), pomwe zizindikiro za matenda amwazi zawonetsedwa, ndiye kuti kuwonjezerako kuyenera kupezedwa kuti mupeze zomwe zimayambitsa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyesa kuyesa kuwerengetsa reticulocytes, kudziwa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin wa glycated, komanso kupanga leukocyte formula yovomerezeka ya smear microscopy.

Chifukwa chiyani Hb ndiwokwera kwambiri kuposa abambo?

Mulingo wa Hb umatengera zifukwa ziwiri:

• kuchuluka kwamagazi ofiira,
• erythrocyte chigawo chimodzi, chifukwa yachibadwa ntchito hemoglobin pamafunika ayoni ayoni. Popanda iwo, sangathe kuyika ndikugawa oxygen.

Chachilendo cha thupi la oimira ogonana amphamvu ndikuti testosterone imakhazikika mwa iwo. Hormayo imalimbikitsa kukula kwambiri kwa minofu poyerekeza ndi azimayi. Njirayi imayendetsedwa ndi kumwa kwambiri kwa okosijeni, komwe kumapangitsa kuwonjezeka kwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi ndi hemoglobin.

Kuphatikiza apo, amuna samadziwika ndi kuchepa kwa magazi mwezi uliwonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa hemoglobin.

Kodi pali vuto lotani la hemoglobin mwa amuna?

Hb yowonjezera imapangitsa kuti magazi azikula chifukwa kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira amwazi. Zotsatira zake, zimayambitsa kuwonongeka m'magazi ndikupanga maselo onse ndi minyewa. Choyamba, dongosolo lamanjenje, ubongo ndi mtima zimakhudzidwa.

Zinadziwika kuti pali kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono mu kukula kwa impso, ndulu ndi chiwindi. Mokulira kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha kuundana kwa magazi m'mitsempha yamagazi, yomwe imatha kutuluka nthawi iliyonse ndikupangitsa kuti afe.

Mavuto osakanikirana a ziwalo zingapo zamkati amachititsa kuti mphamvu zamagetsi zolumikizira thupi sizingatheke. Ngati bambo sangayese kutsitsa hemoglobin kwa nthawi yayitali, izi zimatha kukhala mavuto akulu azaumoyo, ngakhale imfa.

Momwe mungachepetse hemoglobin m'magazi kunyumba mwachangu?

Kusintha kwapang'onopang'ono mu Hb mtengo womwe umachitika chifukwa chophunzitsidwa masewera kapena kupsinjika sikutanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito njira zapadera zowongolera.

Choyambirira kuchita kutsitsa hemoglobin ndikusintha menyu ndi zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku. Amadziwika kuti kudya komwe kumawonjezera hemoglobin mwa amuna kumatha kuchita zambiri pakukweza thanzi.

Ndipo ngati vutoli silikuyenda limodzi ndi matenda othandizira, zilola wodwalayo kupewa kufunika kwa mankhwala. Chifukwa chake, chisamaliro chapadera chikuyenera kuperekedwa ku nkhaniyi ndikutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo azakudya.

Adotolo adokotala akukonzekera zakudyazi, chifukwa zinthu zambiri ziyenera kukumbukiridwa: kupezeka kwa ma pathologies, tsankho ku zinthu zina ndi chifukwa chomwe chidayambitsa kupatuka kwa Hb ku chizolowezi. Ganizirani mfundo zazikuluzikulu ndi malingaliro pazakudya.

Zakudya zamankhwala

Zakudya kuti muchepetse hemoglobin m'magazi sizitanthauza kuchepa kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zili ndi chitsulo.

Kuchepetsa kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito kwazinthu zokhala ndi chitsulo ndikofunikira kwa hemochromatosis - iyi ndi njira yatsopano, yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa chitsulo mopitirira muyeso.

Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito supu tsiku lililonse kamodzi patsiku. Ngakhale nthawi yotentha, kukatentha kwambiri, zimatha kusiyanitsa zakudya zanu ndi msuzi wozizira - okroshka, gazpacho kapena botvina.

Kugwiritsa ntchito nsomba zofiira ndi nyama, makamaka mitundu yamafuta, kuyenera kukhala kochepa.

Makonda ayenera kuperekedwa kwa masamba ndi masamba mkaka wowawasa. Zabwino ziwiri zamasamba ziyenera kudziwika: kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi pakapangidwe kawo komanso zochepa zomwe zimakhala ndi ayoni ayoni. Zinthu zamkaka zimapikisana ndi ayoni a ayoni chifukwa chonyamula, motero kuwonjezera gawo lawo muzakudya zimachepetsa kudya kwa chitsulo m'thupi.

Ndikofunika kuphatikiza mphesa, tchizi tofu, mpunga, masikono a mkate pamenyu.

Pakufunika kwa madzi

Amuna ena amaletsa mwadala madzi akumwa m'chilimwe kuti achepetse thukuta. Komabe, uku ndi njira yolakwika yochitira zinthu, zomwe zimatsogolera kumadzi komanso kuchepa kwa okisijeni m'thupi. Zotsatira zake ndi kuwonetsera kwa zosafunikira zizindikiro:

• kufuna kwambiri kugona;
• kupweteka mutu pafupipafupi
• mkhalidwe wolemerera
• kufooka wamba
• kuwonongeka kwa machitidwe.

Mofanananso ndi izi, pali kukula kwa magazi, ngozi yake yomwe yatchulidwa pamwambapa. Pofuna kupewa izi, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi, komwe kumawerengedwa poganizira kulemera ndi zochita za munthu aliyense.

Muyenera kusankha tiyi wobiriwira, ma compotes ndi zakumwa zazipatso. Ndikwabwino kukana khofi, zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi ndi zakumwa. Chifukwa samathetsa ludzu ndikukulitsa thukuta.

Moyenera, ngati bambo amamwa madzi osapsa 100 ml ya kutentha kwa firiji ola lililonse.

Zinthu zoletsedwa

Zakudya zamavitamini zilizonse komanso zopatsa thanzi ziyenera kuvomerezedwa kaye ndi dokotala. Popeza kuchuluka kwama mavitamini ambiri kumatha kuwonjezera kuyamwa kwachitsulo ndikupanga maselo amwazi. Iyenera kuthandizidwa makamaka ndi vitamini C, tsiku lililonse lokwanira lomwe munthu amalandila ndi chakudya chomwe chili ndi zakudya zabwino.

Mitengo yambiri yazitsulo ndizodziwika bwino zam'nyanja, makamaka nsomba zam'nyanja. Panthawi yamankhwala, ndikofunikira kuti muwachotse kwathunthu kuzakudya kapena kuzichepetsa.

Muyenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga womwe mumamwa, ndipo, motero, makeke onse okoma, chokoleti ndi maswiti. Ngakhale zitsulo zochepa pazomwe zimapangidwa, zimapanga malo abwino m'matumbo a m'mimba (GIT) pakuthira.

M'pofunikanso kuchepetsa kumwa.

Zithandizo za anthu

Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zamankhwala sikungakhale njira yodziwika bwino yokhudzana ndi njira zamwambo. Zithandizo za anthu ndizowonjezeranso pa chithandizo chamankhwala. Nthawi yomweyo, kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kumavomerezedwa kale ndi adokotala omwe amapezekapo. Izi ndizofunikira kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chochepetsera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana.

Chimodzi mwazomwe amati ndi mankhwala achikhalidwe ndi mayi. Amapezeka mu mawonekedwe a ufa, mapiritsi kapena makapisozi. Iyenera kutsimikiziridwa kuti pakugwiritsa ntchito koletsedwa kumwa mowa ndi kusuta.

Kukhetsa magazi ndi leeches zamankhwala kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito kutsitsa Hb. Komabe, pakalibe chitsimikizo chodalirika cha njira imeneyi.

Momwe mungachepetse hemoglobin m'magazi a amuna pambuyo pa zaka 40 ndi mankhwala?

Popewa kufinya magazi ndi thrombosis, amuna opitilira 40 akhoza kukhala olimbikitsidwa kuti atenge ma antiplatelet othandizira ndi anticoagulants.Mankhwala aliwonse, monga njira zina zochiritsira, amakambirana ndi dokotala.

Mndandanda wa mankhwala opangidwa kuti awonjezere hemoglobin:

• Asipirin ® - kwambiri amachepetsa mamasukidwe amwazi. Zilonda zam'mimba, kulephera kwaimpso, kuchepa magazi,
• ticlopidine ® - kupewa atherosulinosis yamitsempha yamagazi. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndi odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima kapena omwe ali ndi mbiri ya matenda ashuga. Zoletsa poika: kusungunuka kwamkati ndi chizolowezi cha iwo, sayanjana ndi kapangidwe ka mankhwala,
• trental ® - imabwezeretsa magazi ku ubongo ndikubwezera kutulutsa kwa atherosclerosis. Sitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo pa vuto la mtima komanso kutulutsa kwamkati,
• clopidogrel ® - Amachepetsa kuopsa kwa zizindikiro za angina pectoris ndi matenda a mtima. Amawerengedwa kwa odwala azaka zopitilira 18. Matenda a impso kapena hepatic osakwanira ndikuletsa kuvomereza.

Iyenera kutsimikizidwa kuti mtima wama mtima umagwira ngati njira ina ya aspirin. ® . Mankhwalawa ali ndi zotsatira zoyipa. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti mulembe Cardiomagnyl. ® amuna azaka zilizonse, kuphatikizapo okalamba.

High hemoglobin ndi cholesterol: zikutanthauza chiyani

Kuti mumvetsetse momwe hemoglobin ndi cholesterol zimalumikizirana komanso zimagwirizanirana, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti chilichonse mwazinthu izi ndi chiyani, zomwe zimapezeka komanso mawonekedwe ake.

Hemoglobin ndi mapuloteni ovuta omwe amapezeka mkati mwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi ndipo amatenga nawo mbali pathupi. Nthawi zambiri, imasunthira oksijeni ku minofu ndi mpweya woipa - kuchokera kwa iwo. Makhalidwe abwinobwino kwa amuna amawonedwa kuti ndi 135 - 160 magalamu pa lita, ndipo kwa akazi - kuchokera ku 120 mpaka 140 magalamu pa lita. Manambalawa amawerengedwa, chifukwa m'badwo uliwonse pamakhala zolondola.

Cholesterol ndi pawiri yomwe ndi imodzi mwamphamvu kwambiri. Ndi gawo laling'ono la biosynthesis ya zinthu zambiri zogwiritsa ntchito pakachulukidwe kachilengedwe - mahomoni, zotsogola za mavitamini, ndipo amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuphatikizira kwa makoma a cell ndi nembanemba. Mtundu wa 3.1 mpaka 5 mmol / L umadziwika kuti ndi cholesterol m'magazi.

Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ndende ya lipid iyi, chiwopsezo cha zotupa zam'mimba zimakulanso. Cholesterol yaulere imayikidwa pamakoma a mitsempha, imalowa mu endothelium ndikuyambitsa foci yam'deralo. Njira zosinthira maselo zimachitika mwa iwo, malinga ndi zomwe bungwe lolumikizana ndi minofu limayambitsidwa - gawo la chombo limasokonekera. Njira imeneyi imatchedwa atherosulinosis. M'dera lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi bedi lamitsempha, mafupa a stenosis, patency ndi perfume ya minofu imatupa, zizindikiro za mawonekedwe zimawonekera.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ndizambiri. Kwambiri, pali ubale ndi zakudya zopanda thanzi zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri, yokazinga, zokometsera komanso zosuta fodya, zakudya zopanda thupi, kutengera kwa chibadwa, zizolowezi zoyipa ndimikhalidwe yokhudzana ndi zaka.

Ndi kuwonjezeka munthawi yomweyo hemoglobin ndi cholesterol, zovuta zawo pakubwera kwa magazi kumachitika. Hemoglobin yochulukirapo - maselo ofiira ochulukirapo, popeza mapuloteni awa ali m'thupi lawo. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa zomwe zimapangidwa (ma cell ofiira a magazi), magazi amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osinthika kwambiri. Izi zili ndi chiwopsezo chowonjezeka cha thrombosis, makamaka motsutsana ndi maziko a cholesterol okwera, momwe ziwiya zimasinthira ku atherosclerosis ndikulephera kwawo. Njira zoterezi m'magazi zingayambitse kugunda kwamtima, stroko, kuchepa kwa kanthawi.

Zoyenera kuchita ndi mitengo yamafuta

Kuyeserera kwa magazi kwa Laborator kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ndi cholesterol. Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa lipoprotein okwera kwambiri, otsika kwambiri komanso otsika kwambiri, cholesterol ndi triglycerides m'magazi, mbiri ya lipid imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kwa hemoglobin, kuyezetsa magazi kokwanira nkokwanira. M'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu, magazi a venous ndi capillary amatengedwa, ndipo tsiku lotsatira pali zotsatira zakonzedwa. Ndikupangizikiranso kuti mupereke magazi chifukwa cha shuga, chifukwa kusintha mu kusanthula kungakhale chizindikiro cha matenda a shuga a 2.

Kutengera ndi zomwe zapezeka ma labotale, othandizira amapanga njira ina yochizira. Nthawi zambiri, hemoglobin yayikulu imawonetsa mwachindunji momwe mankhwalawa amachepetsa magazi - antiplatelet agents. Mankhwalawa ali ndi zotsutsana zambiri komanso zoyipa, chifukwa chake ndizoletsedwa kupereka ndikugwiritsa ntchito paokha.

Ngati mogwirizana ndi hemoglobin, mawonekedwe a lipid amakhalanso ndi kupatuka kuchokera pamlingo wapamwamba, ndiye kuti lipid-kuchepetsa mankhwala imayikidwa. Pambuyo pofufuza mwatsatanetsatane, mankhwala amasankhidwa kuchokera pagulu labwino kwambiri komanso loyenera kwa wodwala wina. Nthawi zambiri izi zimakhala ma statin kapena ma fiber.

Chifukwa chake, mankhwala omwe amachepetsa cholesterol ndi ma antiplatelet othandizira amagwira ntchito nthawi yomweyo pamaulalo onse a pathogenetic. Mbali imodzi, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumachepa ndikupanga mapepala omwe amachepetsa lumen ya mtima. Kumbali ina, magazi a magazi amayenda bwino ndipo chiopsezo cha mapangidwe a magazi a parietal amachepetsa.

Pa magawo oyambilira, pamene kupatuka kwazomwe zikuchitika mu kusanthula sikumakhala kofunika kwambiri, mwachilolezo cha endocrinologist, mutha kusintha kagayidwe kazomwe mumayesedwa pakudya ndi kusintha kwamoyo. Chakudya chopatsa thanzi chimapangidwa palokha, moyang'aniridwa ndi adokotala.

Kuti muchepetse hemoglobin, muyenera kudziletsa pazinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi chitsulo. Zakudya zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zopangira nyama ndi zipatso zina. Nazo, pofuna kuthana ndi cholesterol yayikulu, nyama zamafuta, mafuta amkaka am'madzi ambiri, mazira a mazira, bowa, mowa samachotsedwa pamenyu.

Cholesterol yapamwamba yokhala ndi hemoglobin wotsika

Ngati cholesterol yapamwamba imaphatikizidwa ndi ma hemoglobin ochepetsedwa, ndiye kuti mukuwunika mozama magazi ndi ziwalo zopanga magazi ndi m'mafupa ofiira. Kuchepa kwa hemoglobin kungawonetse kukula kwa amodzi a mitundu ya magazi.

M'magawo ochepera a hemoglobin ndi maselo ofiira am'magazi, othandizira ma antiplatelet samalamulidwa, ndipo zosintha zingapo zimapangidwa kuti zithandizidwe pakudya. Makamaka, zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi chitsulo chamtundu wambiri zimaloledwa - maapulo owuma, chiwindi, zoumba maapulo. Iron ndi imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu za hematopoiesis; pamaziko ake, heme amapangidwa - maziko a hemoglobin.

Zakudya zamankhwala muzochitika za kuphwanya cholesterol ndi mawonekedwe a hemoglobin cholinga chake ndicho kubwezeretsa kuchuluka kwa mavitamini, macro- ndi ma microelements othandiza lipid metabolism yachilengedwe yogwira mankhwala. Ndi kupatuka kwakukulu kwa zizindikirozo pamlingo wabwinobwino, adokotala amachititsa maphunziro ochulukirapo ndikuwonetsa, chifukwa chomwe mankhwala amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala.

Julia Martynovich (Peshkova)

Omaliza maphunziro, mu 2014 adachita maphunziro apamwamba ku Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education ku Orenburg State University ndi digiri ya Microbiology. Omaliza maphunziro a digiri yoyamba FSBEI HE Orenburg State Agrarian University.

Mu 2015 Institute of Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis of the Ural Nthambi ya Russian Academy of Science inachita maphunziro apadera pansi pa pulogalamu yowonjezera yaukadaulo "Bacteriology".

Laureate mpikisano wa All-Russian pantchito yabwino yasayansi mukutchedwa "Biological Sayansi" wa 2017.

Cholesterol okwera muubwana: zoyambitsa, chithandizo

Kwa zaka zambiri osavutika ndi CHOLESTEROL?

Mutu wa Bungwe: “Mudzadabwa momwe zimakhalira zosavuta kuchepetsa mafuta m'thupi mwakumwa tsiku lililonse.

Matenda a mtima ndi matenda ochulukirachulukira amakhala atangoyamba kumene. Kupewa matendawa kuyenera kuchitika kale kuyambira paubwana. Kupatula apo, cholesterol imadzuka osati mwa akulu okha, komanso mwa ana. Kolesteroli wotalikirapo amene amakhalabe muubwana, ndiye kuti matenda a mtima akakula. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi a ana.

Tiyeni tiwone chifukwa chake pali cholesterol yayikulu mwa ana? Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwonjezere? Momwe mungathanirane ndi ana omwe ali ndi cholesterol yayikulu? Tidzafotokozera bwino nkhaniyi.

Owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito bwino Aterol kutsitsa cholesterol. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

• Kodi cholesterol ndi chiyani?
• Chifukwa chiyani cholesterol imakwera
• Pamene cholesterol imayang'aniridwa ali mwana
• Momwe mungachepetse cholesterol
• Mankhwala

Kodi cholesterol ndi chiyani?

Thupi longa mafuta lotchedwa cholesterol (limafanana ndi cholesterol) limapezeka mwa anthu mwa magawo awiri - lipoproteins "zabwino" zapamwamba-lipoproteins (HDL) ndi "low" low-density lipoproteins (LDL). Gawo lililonse la cholesterol yathunthu imachita ntchito zake. HDL imatengera kagayidwe ka mafuta, mapuloteni ndi chakudya. LDL "yoyipa" imapanga membala wa maselo onse, amatenga nawo mbali popanga mahomoni ogonana ndi cortisol. LDL imatanthauzanso kagayidwe ka mavitamini ndipo imapanga ma placenta a mayi panthawi yapakati. Izi ndizofunikira pakukula kwa ubongo wa ana.

Lipoprotein "yoyipa" yokhala ndi milingo yayikulu m'magazi imayikidwa kukhoma lamkati lamitsempha yamagazi momwe amalembera.

Pankhaniyi, atherosulinosis imapangidwa pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mtima. Atherosulinosis imayambitsa vasoconstriction, yomwe imayendera limodzi ndi kufalikira kwawo kwathunthu kapena kwathunthu. Ndi zochulukirapo, matenda a ischemic. Kusokoneza kayendedwe ka magazi ndi mtima, ubongo. Zotsatira za kufalikira kwamitsempha yamagazi ndi vuto la mtima kapena sitiroko.

Atherosulinosis imapangidwa pakakhala kusayanana pakati pa cholesterol cha "choyipa" ndi "chabwino". Mukamaunika cholesterol yathunthu, kuchuluka kwa triglycerides kumathandizidwanso.

Chifukwa chiyani cholesterol imakwera

Cholesterol mu ana amadzuka pazifukwa izi:

• Kwambiri, ndimadyedwe osapatsa thanzi komanso moyo wabwino. Izi zikuyenera kumveredwa ngati kuphwanya zakudya komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zoyipa zomwe zili ndi cholesterol yambiri. Margarine ndi mafuta ophikira omwe makolo amagwiritsa ntchito kuphika ndi mafuta, omwe amachepetsa "oyipa" ndikuchepetsa lipoprotein "zabwino".
• Choyambitsa cholesterol chachikulu mwa mwana chitha kukhala cholowa. Ngati achibale anali ndi stroke, matenda a mtima kapena angina pectoris, ndizotheka kuti mwana amakhalanso ndi cholesterol yayikulu. Matenda omwe makolo amakumana nawo amathanso kulera ana akamakula ndi kufikira zaka 40-50.
• Ana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kapena matenda oopsa amakhala oti akhoza kukhala ndi cholesterol yambiri.
• Matenda a mtima ndi ana ndi nthawi yoyang'ana magazi m'thupi.
• Kusuta fodya kumawonjezera cholesterol.
• Kulephera kuchita zolimbitsa thupi.

Maola okhala pakompyuta ya ana amathandizira kunenepa kwambiri, ndipo izi zimabweretsa chiwopsezo chowonjezereka cha cholesterol ndi chitukuko cha matenda ena oyanjana.

Pamene cholesterol imayang'aniridwa ali mwana

Kuchulukitsa cholesterol kwa ana kumayenderana ndi chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwake kuyambira paubwana.

Mafuta a cholesterol ana:

• kuyambira 2 mpaka 12, mulingo woyenera ndi 3.11-55.8 mmol / l,
• kuyambira wazaka 13 mpaka 17 - 3.11-5.44 mmol / l.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa cholesterol kwa ana kumachitika kokha atakwanitsa zaka ziwiri.

Poyambirira, tanthauzo la mafuta ndilosasintha. Mwana ali ndi zaka 2 amafufuzidwa ngati ali m'gulu loopsa. Gululi limaphatikizapo ana omwe ali pansi pa izi:

• ngati m'modzi wa makolo ali ndi vuto la mtima kapena sitiroko asanakwanitse zaka 55,
• ngati makolo ali ndi cholesterol yayikulu,
• mwana amadwala matenda a shuga kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Ngakhale ndi zodziwika bwino, ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo amawunikira kuwunikira zaka zisanu zilizonse.

Momwe mungachepetse cholesterol

Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa LDL, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito zovuta:

• Maziko a mankhwalawa ndi zakudya zoyenera. Zosankha ziyenera kukhala zosiyanasiyana. Ana amafunikira kudyetsedwa kasanu patsiku m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Pewani kudya kwambiri. Musachotsere chakudya kumapeto kwa usiku.
• Chips, shawarma, ma fries achi french, ma hamburger omwe alibe ndi mayonesi samachotsedwa pakudya. Amakhala ndi cholesterol yoyipa, imathandizira kukulitsa kwa atherosulinosis.
• Zosankha sizimapatula mafuta a trans - margarine, mafuta ophikira. Amasinthidwa ndi mafuta amasamba - maolivi, soya.
• Nyama zamafuta, ubongo, chiwindi, impso sizimachotsedwa kwathunthu. Zosinthazo siziphatikiza zakudya zosuta, mafuta, okazinga. Mukamawaza, zakudya zophatikiza ndi zamankhwala amodzi zimapangidwa.
• Nyama ya nkhuku yoyera yopanda khungu, nkhuku, nyama ya kalulu imalimbikitsidwa.
• Chepetsani zinthu zamkaka zamafuta ambiri - zonona wowawasa, zonona. Ikani yogati, kefir, mkaka wowotchera, tchizi tchizi chotsika 1% mafuta. Pakatha zaka ziwiri, mutha kupatsa mkaka 2%. Zosankha zimaphatikizapo mitundu yofewa ya tchizi - feta, mozzarella, tchizi cha Adyghe, tchizi chowonjezera.
• Muchepetse michere yamagetsi mosavuta - zinthu zophika, chokoleti, koloko ndi zakumwa za zipatso. Chepetsa kudya kwanu shuga ndi maswiti.
• Zosankha zake zimaphatikizapo zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Musanadye, ndikofunikira kupereka saladi. Amabweza thupi ndi mavitamini, komanso amakulolani kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri.
• Zosankha zake zikuphatikiza mafuta ochulukirapo a polyunsaturated omwe amapezeka mu nsomba zam'nyanja yamafuta ndi mafuta osakanikirana ozizira.
• Mbewu zonse za chimanga - mpunga, oat, buckwheat - zimathandizira kuchepetsa mafuta m'thupi.
• Zosankhazo zikuphatikiza nyemba (nyemba, mphodza) zomwe zimatsitsa LDL.
• Anyezi, adyo ndi zonunkhira zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwakufulumizitsa kugaya, amathandizira kuchepetsa cholesterol ndi kulemera.
• Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi cholesterol yambiri, muyenera kudziwa kuphika zakudya. Amatha kuphika, kuwiritsa, kuwotchera, koma osaphika.

Ngakhale atakhala ndi zakudya zabwino, ana amalemera ngati asuntha pang'ono.

M'malo mokhala pakompyuta, ndikofunika kudziwa ana omwe ali mgulu la masewera. Mutha kutenga kulembetsa ku dziwe. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumachepetsa cholesterol ndi shuga m'magazi. Chifukwa cha moyo wathanzi, chitetezo chathupi komanso kukana matenda zimakulitsidwa.

Mankhwala

Ana omwe ali ndi cholesterol yayikulu komanso chiopsezo cha matenda am'mimba amapatsidwa zakudya zabwino ndikukhalanso ndi thanzi labwino. Koma nthawi zina, mukatha zaka 8-10, mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala. Kukonzekera kwazitsamba zama Polycosanol kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mankhwalawa amachepetsa LDL "yoyipa" ndikukulitsa "wabwino" HDL. Chimodzi mwa izo ndi Phytostatin.

Zotsatira zake, timakumbukira kuti ana nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi. Choyambitsa matenda ambiri ndi kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi. Zamoyo zimathandizanso kwambiri. Matenda amtima amawononga ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo, komanso cholesterol yayikulu. Chithandizo chachikulu ndicho zakudya zoyenera. Kuphatikiza apo, ana amakopeka ndi masewera kapena masewera olimbitsa thupi. Zakudya zabwino komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda ndikakula.

Kuopsa kwa cholesterol yotsika mwa amuna ndi akazi

Mafuta ambiri a m'magazi amayambitsa ngozi ya matenda a mtima. Koma cholesterol yotsika kwambiri imatha kuwonetsa mavuto azaumoyo. Hypocholesterolemia ndimatenda osowa koma osaphunziridwa bwino.Kodi ndizabwino kapena zoipa kukhala ndi cholesterol yotsika magazi? Kuti muyankhe funsoli, muyenera kumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda awa komanso zovuta za pathology iyi.

Mitundu ya cholesterol ndi gawo lake mthupi

Cholesterol kapena cholesterol ndi chinthu chachilengedwe chomwe chimakhala m'gulu la mafuta amchere. Zambiri mwa izo (mpaka 80%) zimapangidwa ndi ma cell a chiwindi, ndipo 20% yokha imachokera ku chakudya. Cholesterol imasungunuka bwino m'mafuta, omwe amakhala ngati onyamula m'matumba, ndipo palimodzi amapanga ma lipoprotein zovuta. Pali mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala a cholesterol:

1. High density lipoproteins (zopindulitsa cholesterol). Maofesi amenewa amachotsa mafuta m'thupi m'mitsempha yamagazi, ndikupereka ku chiwindi kuti amuchotsere mthupi. Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yamtunduwu kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda amtima.
2. Lowensens lipoproteins (cholesterol yoyipa). Mapuloproteins omwewo amapanga mapesi, omwe, akudziunjikira, amawaika pazitseko zamitsempha yamagazi mumagawo amisala. Chifukwa cha izi, kuunikira kwa mitsempha kumacheperachepera, komwe kumapangitsa kuchepa kwa magazi ndi kusokonezeka kwa ziwalo ndi minofu. Zambiri pazomwe zimapangidwira zimayambitsa kusintha kwa mitsempha yotulutsa mitsempha yamagazi komanso kumachitika kwa stroko komanso mtima.

Mitundu iwiri iyi imapangira cholesterol yathunthu, yomwe imatha kutsimikiza pogwiritsa ntchito kuyezetsa magazi kwa biochemical. Izi ndizofunikira panjira zofunika. Udindo wa cholesterol:

• chofunikira kwambiri pantchito yopanga ma membrane am'mimba,
• amapanga chotchinga (myelin) cha ulusi wamitsempha,
• amateteza maselo ofiira m'magazi a poizoni,
• amatenga nawo mbali popanga mahomoni ambiri, amateteza zochitika za serotonin receptors, zomwe zimayambitsa kusangalala bwino,
• amathandizira thupi kuyamwa mavitamini sungunuka,
• amasintha kunyezimira kwa dzuwa m'malo am'makanolo apangidwe a vitamini D, potero amathandizira kulimbitsa minofu ya mafupa,
• imapangitsa kuti retina ndi ziphuphu zikhale zolimba komanso zimathandizira kukhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino,
• amatenga nawo mbali popanga mafuta acids, omwe amasintha chimbudzi ndipo amateteza matumbo ntchito.

Ndikofunikira kusungabe cholesterol yokhazikika. Chizindikiro ichi chili mndandanda wa 3.6-7.8 mmol / L.

Makhalidwe amasiyanasiyana malinga ndi zaka komanso akazi. Kukula ndi kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa chinthu m'magazi ndizosayenera. Kodi chiwopsezo cha cholesterol chochepa ndi chiyani, ndipo zifukwa zake zikuchepa bwanji?

Zizindikiro Za Khalidwe ndi Low Cholesterol

Kuperewera kwa cholesterol kumawerengedwa kuti ndi matenda oopsa ndipo ndi vuto lalikulu la thanzi. Zizindikiro zomwe zimayenderana ndi izi sizimadziwika bwino komanso mosiyana. Ndizodalirika kudziwa kuti cholesterol ndiyomwe ili pompopompo, ndizotheka pokhapokha pazotsatira zoyesedwa ndi adotolo.

Pali zizindikiro zomwe zimawonetsa cholesterol yotsika magazi. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• kusowa kwa chakudya
• kufooka ndi kutopa,
• kuchuluka kwa minofu yam'mimba,
• kuchepa kukhudzika mtima ndikuchepa.
• kusinthasintha kosaganizira, mpaka kumayiko ovuta,
• steatorrhea, mafuta ochulukirapo atachotsedwa ndowe, zomwe zimadziwika ndi sheen wamafuta,
• kusowa poyendetsa zogonana.

Popeza izi ndizofunikira kwa thupi, kusowa kwake kumakhudza mavuto akulu:

• kukula kwa matenda ashuga
• kunenepa
• kukhumudwa
• matenda amitsempha yamagazi, yomwe imatsogolera ku stroko.
• matenda a mafupa
• matenda a chithokomiro
• zovuta zam'mimba

Muyenera kudziwa kuti cholesterol yotsika magazi mwa abambo imawonjezera chiopsezo cha kumwa mowa, kusuta komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mwayi wokhala ndi khansa komanso kukhumudwa pogonana ulinso waukulu. Kuwonjezereka kwa mulingo wa chinthu ichi m'magazi a akazi kumatha kubweretsa kusabereka.

Zifukwa zakuchepa

Zomwe zimatsitsa milingo ya lipid zingakhale zotsatirazi:

• zotupa za chiwindi zomwe zimatsogolera kupanga ophatikizika a lipoproteins,
• kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi kapena zakudya zochepa,
• nthawi zopanikizika nthawi yayitali kapena nthawi yayitali komanso ndimavinidwe amanjenje (opangidwa mu kuchuluka kwa adrenaline, omwe amachepetsa cholesterol),
• matenda a chithokomiro.

Kupezeka kwa hypocholesterolemia kumathandizika ndimatenda opatsirana (kuphatikizapo chifuwa chachikulu), kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, komanso cholowa cham'tsogolo. Kumwa mankhwala ena kungakhudze kuchuluka kwa cholesterol. Izi ziyenera kuphatikizapo ndalama zomwe zimachepetsa kuyamwa kwa cholesterol kuchokera m'matumbo, komanso ma statins ndi nicotinic acid.

Njira zochizira matendawa

Momwe mungakulitsire cholesterol? Kufufuza koyenera kumachitika koyambirira kumachitika, zizindikiro za mtima, mitsempha yamagazi ndi kupuma imayesedwa. Pambuyo pakupereka mayeso, wodwalayo atha kutumizidwa kukayesedwa kuti asanthule akatswiri - endocrinologist kapena gastroenterologist, kutengera matenda omwe alipo. Atalandira deta yonse, dokotala adzakhazikitsa chomwe chimayambitsa kuchepa kwa lipids yamagazi. Pambuyo pa mankhwalawa ndi omwe adzadziwike.

Hypocholesterolemia imathandizidwa aliyense payekhapayekha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti palibe mankhwala apadera kuti muwonjezere cholesterol yamagazi. Chithandizo chake ndikuchotsa zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli ndikuchotsa zizindikirazo. Mutha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa lipids ndi zakudya zapadera. Mulinso zakudya zomwe zili ndi mafuta ambiri komanso ochepa mafuta ochulukirapo. Yalimbikitsa:

• tchizi zolimba,
• nyama ya nkhumba ndi ng'ombe yamafuta,
• chiwindi, ubongo,
• mazira (makamaka ma yolks),
• nsomba zam'nyanja ndi zakudya zam'nyanja,
• mbewu ya fulakesi, zipatso za mtedza,
• zamafuta ndi nyama.

Musaiwale za zakudya zamasamba. Ndikofunika kudya masamba ambiri, zipatso ndi zitsamba. Akatswiri amalangizira kupanga phala kuchokera ku tirigu wokhala ndi michere yambiri - oatmeal, mapira, mpunga. Mwa zakumwa, tiyi wobiriwira komanso timadziti tofinya tomwe timayamwa bwino kwambiri. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudya zakudya zophika, zophika kapena zophika. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito masamba ndi zipatso zosaphika. Mowa, khifi ndi maswiti siziyenera kupatula.

Anna Ivanovna Zhukova

• Sitemap

• Openda magazi
• Amasanthula
• Atherosulinosis
• Mankhwala
• Chithandizo
• Njira za anthu
• Chakudya chopatsa thanzi

Mafuta ambiri a m'magazi amayambitsa ngozi ya matenda a mtima. Koma cholesterol yotsika kwambiri imatha kuwonetsa mavuto azaumoyo. Hypocholesterolemia ndimatenda osowa koma osaphunziridwa bwino. Kodi ndizabwino kapena zoipa kukhala ndi cholesterol yotsika magazi? Kuti muyankhe funsoli, muyenera kumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda awa komanso zovuta za pathology iyi.

Ntchito wamba

Kuti mudziwe zikhalidwe, ndikosavuta kuyang'ana patebulo. Ndi hypercholesterolemia ndi chiwonetsero chowonjezera cha magazi, kudalira koonekeratu pa kugonana kumachitika. Mitundu ya jenda imakhudza kagayidwe mu ziwalo ndi minyewa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti hemoglobin (Hb) yayitali mwa akazi ikhale yotsika ya chikhalidwe chokwanira kwa abambo. Pa tebulo pansipa, magawo amayamba kuyambira paunyamata. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti mwa ana cholesterol Zizindikiro ndizokwera kwambiri kuposa malire pokhapokha pokhapokha ngati pakuchitika.

Hemoglobin index

Kodi hemoglobin ndi cholesterol zimalumikizidwa bwanji?

Vutoli likufufuzidwa ndi nthambi ya zamankhwala - biochemistry. Cholesterol okwera ndi hemoglobin amawonedwa mwa 90% mwa amuna ndi akazi omwe wafika zaka zapakati. Ndi mawonekedwe a lipoproteins otsika kwambiri otsika kwambiri, mamolekyulu a cholesterol ndi triglyceride m'mitsempha yamitsempha, kuphatikizika kwa mitsempha, mitsempha ndi capillaries kumachitika. Izi zimaphatikizira kuperewera kwamphamvu- komanso macrocirculatory. Ziphuphu ndi minofu zimadutsa hypoxia chifukwa chakuchepa kwa magazi. Monga njira yothandizira, thupi limayamba kupanga kuchuluka kwa Hb komwe kumatha kunyamula mpweya.

Zoyesa zasayansi

Kuti mudziwe ngati hemoglobin ndi wokwezeka kapena ayi, kuyezetsa magazi kwa biochemical kumachitika. Kuwunikira uku kumakupatsani mwayi wokhazikitsa kuchuluka kwa ma lipoprotein okwera, otsika komanso otsika kwambiri, triglycerides, Hb ndi zinthu zina zomwe ndizofunikira pakuwunika koyenera. Zotsatira zake zimawunikiridwa ndi njira yabwino ya zida zowunikira. Kenako aziyenera kupita kwa dotolo wothandizila kapena akatswiri ena omwe angawunikenso zina.

Kodi chiwopsezo chotere cha kusadziletsa kotero ndi chiani?

Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kuchuluka kwa lipoprotein otsika kwambiri otsika kwambiri a triglyceride ndi mamolekyulu a cholesterol kumabweretsa kuchepa kovuta kwa ochepa ndi venous lumens. Kuchulukitsa kwa Hb kumangokhala zotsatira komanso kuvomerezedwa ndi zomwe zimachitika pakuyambira. Kwayekha, sikungaganizidwe ngati matenda. Koma kudzikundikira kwamafuta "oyipa" m'thupi kumabweretsa zovuta zotsatirazi:

• Ngozi yamitsempha yamagazi. Kuukira kwa ischemic kumakhudza kufa kwa maselo a chithokomiro chamatumbo ndi kulumala msanga kwa wodwala.
• Kuwonongeka kwa kufalikira kwa coronary, kapena infaration ya myocardial. Vutoli limathandizanso wodwala wamtima kumulemala.
• Pulmonary thromboembolism. Amayambitsidwa ndi zolembera zam'mapapo, zomwe, mwa kuzungulira magazi, zalowa m'mitsempha yamapapu.

Maphikidwe ochokera kwa anthu

Njira yodziwika bwino yothandiza anthu kudya adyo. Kununkhira uku "kumatsuka" mitsempha ya magazi ndikuwongolera kuyambika. Chithandizo cha madzi a makangaza chimakhala chothandiza. Zotsirizirazi zimakhala ndi zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kapangidwe ka Hb. Njira yabwino yodziwika ndi mankhwala achikhalidwe ndi kumwa ndi ginger ndi uchi. Zomwe zimapangidwa zimatengedwa zofanana, zimaphatikizidwa mumtsuko ndikuloledwa kupatsa. Amapangira kuti ginger “apereke” zinthu zopindulitsa zomwe zili m'maselo ake. Njira imeneyi imatchedwa m'zigawo. Zosakaniza zomwe zimatsanuliridwa ndimadzi otentha ndikuledzera katatu patsiku.

Zakudya zamagulu

Kuchepetsa hemoglobin, mndandanda wa odwala omwe ali ndi hypercholesterolemia ndi Hb yambiri, kuphatikiza pazinthu zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, ziyenera kukhala ndi zakudya zokhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri, mafuta, michere, mavitamini ndi michere. Ngakhale gawo lamafuta ndilofunikira pakulowetsa calcium. Koma nyama ya nkhumba ndi nkhukundani ziyenera kusiidwa. Ngati odwala atsatira zakudya zamasamba, ayenera kubwerera kudya nyama. Ndi okhawo amene amakhala ndi chitsulo chotsalira, chofunikira popanga hemoglobin pigment.