Mwazi wotsika wamagazi m'mankhwala ambiri umatchedwa hypoglycemia, matenda amtunduwu siwowopsa pa thanzi la munthu kuposa hyperglycemia. Ngati kuwerenga kwa shuga ndi kovuta, chikomokere ndikotheka, imfa.
Nthawi zambiri, shuga wochepa amakhala chimodzi mwazovuta za matenda ashuga, komabe, mawonekedwe ofatsa, hypoglycemia imawonekanso mwa anthu athanzi.
Zifukwazi zimatha kukhala zosiyanasiyana, choyambirira, zimakhala zokhudzana ndi kudya zambiri zamafuta pang'ono, ndikumwa mankhwala ena ake. Kuchepetsa chakudya kumatha kubweretsa kusintha kwa glycemia, kusakwanitsa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuyambitsa kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa insulin.
Zina mwazoyambitsa zimaphatikizapo matenda a impso, kapamba, adrenal gland, matenda a metabolic m'thupi, kumwa pafupipafupi.
Chochulukitsa chomwe chimayambitsa kutsika kwa shuga m'magazi ndi kufa ndi njala. Palinso zifukwa zopititsa patsogolo matendawa hypoglycemia.
Munthu wathanzi labwino amatha kutsitsa shuga m'mawa pokhapokha m'mimba simadzaza komanso kumva kumveka njala. Kuti izi zitheke, mumangofunika kudya.
Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga.
Ndi shuga wochepetsedwa, Zizindikiro sizofanana. Zimatengera kuchuluka ndi kutsika kwa shuga.
Mitundu yofatsa ya kuchepetsa shuga pamene mulingo watsikira mpaka 3,8 mmol / L, komanso kutsikira pang'ono.
Mtundu wapakati wama glucose umatsika pomwe mulingo umatsikira mpaka 3 mmol / L, komanso pang'ono pansi pazowonetsa. Pakadali pano, thupi limakhala ndi vuto la m'maganizo, manjenje komanso amisala, komanso thupi limachepa kwambiri.
Fomu yolimba, pamene glucose imatsitsidwa ndipo chogwirira chimatsikira ku 2 mmol / l, komanso pang'ono pansi pazowonetsa. Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani kuthamanga kwa shuga? Kuchepetsa kwambiri shuga kumeneku kukhoza kukhala koopsa pamoyo.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti zifukwa zitha kukhala kuti mwa munthu m'thupi zosintha zina zomwe zimachitika mu ubongo, komanso mumtima ndi m'mitsempha. Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia sizingathe kutchulidwa ngati shuga atagwa, ndipo wodwala amamwa mankhwala ndi obetcha a beta.
Njira yopanga glucose wa thupi.
Hypoglycemia mwa mwana siziwonetsa zizindikilo zotere, chifukwa thupi la mwanayo silikuyankha kuchepa kwa shuga mkati mwa 2,5 mmol / L.
Kuti adotolo akhazikitse matenda a hypoglycemia, ndikukhazikitsa zifukwa zakuchepa kwake, ndikokwanira kumayezetsa magazi. Magazi amachotsedwa chala kuti azimufufuza.
Dokotala ayenera kudziwa komwe izi zimachokera. Dotolo amayang'ananso thupi la wodwalayo ndikuwonetsetsa momwe akumvera komanso momwe akumvera.
Zomwe zimapangitsa kusinthasintha kwa shuga zitha kukhala izi.
Hypoglycemia kwa mwana wakhanda asanakwane imawopseza ndi matenda amisala, matenda am'mimba, omwe amawaopseza ndi vuto losakwanira m'maganizo.
Kuperewera kwa shuga m'thupi la mwana kumakwiyitsa matenda angapo a mtima, mtima. Akamalandira chithandizo mosayembekezereka, mwana akhoza kudwala matenda oopsa.
Ngati munthu ali ndi vuto lowopsa la hypoglycemia, ndiye kuti thandizo lazachipatala silofunikira.
Pakakhala vuto lalikulu la hypoglycemia ndipo wodwalayo atazindikira, ndiye kuti pamenepa ayenera kuthamangira ku ambulansi, kuti adotolo azindikire zomwe zimapangitsa kukomoka ndikupereka chisamaliro chofunikira.
Sachedwa kwambiri kubaya mankhwalawa m'mitsempha, ndipo mutha kuwabayanso mu mnofu. Pakatha mphindi 30, shuga wamagazi amayendera. Mwapadera, pakhoza kukhala kuthandizira wodwala kuchipatala.
Chithandizo cha wodwala chotere chikuchitika moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala. Kugonekedwa kuchipatala kumaperekedwanso hypoglycemia mankhwalangati wodwala ali ndi matenda a mtima (kuchepa) ndi matenda am'mapapo, komanso kusagwira ntchito kwa impso ndi ma adrenal gland.
Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la hypoglycemia, malo ofunika amakhala ndi chikhalidwe cha zakudya. M'pofunikanso kutsatira njira yolondola yazakudya ndi njira za anthu okalamba.
Cholinga cholephera kugwira ntchito kwa dongosolo la endocrine ndikusowa kwa zakudya zopatsa thanzi muzakudya. M`pofunika kudya zakudya zazing'ono Mlingo, osachepera 6 pa tsiku.
Zakudya zochepa za shuga zimaphatikiza zakudya zotsatirazi pazakudya zake.
Kudya zipatso, komanso ndiwo zamasamba zatsopano zomwe zimakwanira, kumadzaza thupi ndi fiber, zomwe zimakuthandizani kuti mulibe shuga m'magazi.
Zipatso zamitengo, tiyi kuchokera ku zitsamba zamankhwala sizingasinthe mafuta a shuga, komanso kukhala ndi phindu pa chitetezo chathupi chonse.
Mafuta akamatsika, anthu osiyanasiyana amamva mwanjira yawo. Zizindikiro zimatengera kutsika kwa shuga komanso kuthamanga kwa njirayi.Ngati mitengo ya shuga itatsikira mpaka 3,8 mmol / lita, munthu adzazindikira kuzizira, kufooka m'thupi, kunjenjemera ndi kunjenjemera kwa malekezero. Ndikotheka kuti thukuta limakulirakulira, ndipo thukuta limakhala lozizira komanso ladzuwa, limakhazikika pamutu ndi khosi kumbuyo.
Ena odwala matenda ashuga amakumana ndi chizungulire, kupuma mseru komanso kusanza, tachycardia, kuda nkhawa, mantha, komanso kuda nkhawa, amakhala ndi zala zakumaso, milomo, kuona kwamaso.
Kuti muthe kusintha pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse zomwe zimayambitsa - idyani chakudya pang'ono, mwachitsanzo, maswiti.
Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia yodziwika bwino zitha kuonekera kwambiri, tsopano glucose ikutsika pansi pa 3 mmol / lita ndipo amawonetsedwa ndi momwe alili:
- mkwiyo, kupsa mtima,
- minofu kukokana
- kufooka, kutopa ngakhale kugona ndi kupuma,
- kuyankhula kosamveka
- kuphwanya kwamlengalenga m'malo,
- chisokonezo, mavuto okhala ndi ndende.
Mu hypoglycemia yayikulu, shuga amatsikira mpaka 1.9 mmol / lita imodzi, yomwe imapatsa zizindikiro: kukokana, chikomokere, stroko, kutsika kwa kutentha kwa thupi. Ngati hypoglycemia sichingalipidwe, kuchepa kwa shuga kumabweretsa kuti munthu akuyembekeza zotsatira zakupha.
Kutsika kwakukulu komanso kwanthawi yayitali kwa glucose kumakwiyitsa kwambiri, ndipo, monga lamulo, kusintha kosasintha mu ubongo, mtima ndi mtima. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zizindikilo zimatha kupezeka paliponse, izi zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena, adrenoblockers nthawi zambiri amatchulidwa kuti.
Mankhwala amadziwa milandu yambiri pomwe kusintha kwa glucose kumawonedwa m'maloto, m'mawa wodwalayo amadzuka ndi mutu wovuta. Hypoglycemia ikhoza kukayikiridwa ndi zizindikiro za:
- kugona kopanda kugona
- zolota
- thukuta lalikulu,
- akuyenda mu loto ndikugwa.
Wodwala amatha kupanga phokoso lachilendo, phokoso nthawi yogona.
Zizindikiro zonsezi zimawoneka mwa anthu athanzi ngati shuga wamba amatsika mofulumira. Kuperewera kwa glucose kosatha mu mtundu wa shuga ndi mtundu wa II kumapereka zizindikiro ngakhale ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa 6,5 mmol / lita. Chifukwa chake, pamene wodwala amakhala ndi matenda a shuga, thupi lake limachepa.
Ngati shuga wamwana ali pansi pazabwino, sipangakhale kuwonetsedwa, ana samvera kwenikweni madontho a shuga.
Zizindikiro zolakwika zimawonekera pokhapokha ndi glycemic indices kuyambira 2.6 mpaka 2.2 mmol / lita.
Njira zodziwitsa, mankhwala
Hypoglycemia imatha kudziwika kutengera kuyesedwa kopanda magazi m'mimba. Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa glucose, koma atatha kudya zotsekemera, thanzi la wodwalayo limakhala labwino.
Kuphatikiza apo, wothandizirayo kapena endocrinologist amayenera kumuyesa thupi, afunsira munthuyo za moyo wake, momwe amadyera, thanzi lanu, kumwa mankhwala komanso kusinthanso kwake.
Anthu ochepa amadziwa kuti ndizotheka kuthana ndi kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosavuta, muyenera kudya shuga, uchi ndi kumwa tiyi wokoma. Madokotala samalimbikitsa kuti glycemia iwonjezeke ndi mankhwala ophika buledi, mitundu ina ya ma muffins.
Vuto lalikulu limakhala lodzaza ndi zovuta, munthu amatha kudzindikira mwadzidzidzi. Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyitanitsa gulu la ambulansi nthawi yomweyo, dokotala adzapereka yankho la glucose, glucagon. Nthawi zina zimakhala zoyenera kuyambitsa zotere:
Milandu yayikulu kwambiri ya hypoglycemia imafuna kuti wodwala azitsatira, mankhwalawa amathandizidwa mwachindunji chifukwa cha kuchepetsa shuga: kulephera kwa impso, matenda a chiwindi, kuchuluka kwa insulin kapena sepsis.
Kutengera komwe kumayambitsa vutoli, madokotala amazindikira njira zamankhwala, kusankha nthawi yanthawi yolowetsedwa, kuthamanga kwa kaperekedwe ka mankhwala. Mwachizolowezi, shuga amaperekedwa pamlingo wa 5-10 mmol / lita.
Ngati munthu ali ndi matenda a shuga ndipo ali ndi vuto la hypoglycemia, ndikofunikira kukweza zomwe zili ndi shuga pogwiritsa ntchito njira zomwezi. Ngati shuga amachepetsedwa atangodya chakudya chambiri, odwala matenda ashuga amawonetsedwa kuti adye zakudya zawo. Amayenera kuphunzira kudya magawo ang'onoang'ono, nthawi zambiri (nthawi zosachepera 5 patsiku).
Musanagone, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito pang'ono:
Mavuto azaumoyo akakhudzana ndi jakisoni wa insulini, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mufunsane ndi endocrinologist, adzakuwuzani momwe mungakulitsire shuga, chifukwa kuchepa kungakhale koopsa m'moyo.
Kupewa Kochepa kwa Shuga
Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti shuga ya m'magazi ya munthu imatha kupewedwa mosavuta, chifukwa ndikokwanira kutsatira malamulo ena. Zakudya za shuga zochepa sizingachitike ngati munthu amangotsatira pafupipafupi zakudya zomwe dokotala kapena wazakudya amachita, amapuma pakudya wamba osaposera maola anayi.
Chidziwitso china ndikuwonetsetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga, izi zingakhale njira yabwino kwambiri yopewa kugwa kwa shuga, yomwe imawonjezera mwayi wamavuto akulu. Kuti mudziwe shuga panyumba, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito glucometer.
Muyeneranso kuwunika kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa, omwe amalepheretsa kuchuluka kwa shuga, insulin, mumayenera kuphunzira mapangidwe a mankhwala onse a mankhwala omwe adokotala adapereka. Ndi mtundu uliwonse wa matenda osokoneza bongo, nthawi zonse muyenera kukhala ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi zinthu zomwe zimatsitsa glycemia, chifukwa shuga yochepa ya magazi imatha kuwonedwa nthawi iliyonse.
Sikuloledwa kutsika shuga m'magazi ngati awa:
- odwala matenda ashuga kwa zaka zopitilira 65,
- Pali mbiri ya retinopathy, pamakhala mwayi wotaya magazi mu retina,
- pali matenda a mtima, mitsempha yamagazi,
- kusintha kwa glycemic kumachitika nthawi zambiri.
Kwa odwala oterowo, ngakhale atayambitsa matendawa, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kuisunga mpaka 6 mpaka 10 mmol / lita.
Adawonetsedwa kuti athetse kuchepa kwambiri pamlingo wa shuga ndi mtundu uliwonse wa shuga wosakwaniritsidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa mu nkhani iyi kuchuluka kwa glycemia kumakulirakulira pafupipafupi, ndipo kuchepa kwake msanga kumayambitsa zizindikiro zazikulu, mpaka chikomokere, zotsatira zakupha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti shuga ayenera kuchepa pang'onopang'ono.
Ngati munthu samvera chidwi ndi magawo ocheperako komanso apakati a hypoglycemia, osamwa mankhwala omwe amachulukitsa glucose, izi zikutanthauza kuti vutoli limasinthira mwachangu hypoglycemia, yomwe mutha kuiwala nthawi iliyonse.
Ndi kuchepa kwa shuga mumunthu, ndikofunikira kuti ayambe kulandira chithandizo mwachangu. Ngati shuga agwera pafupipafupi, siowopsa ngati hyperglycemia. Mkhalidwe wodabwitsawu sutha kunyalanyazidwa, ndipo ndibwino kutenga njira zodzitetezera pasadakhale, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa glycemia kutsika kwambiri kawirikawiri. Ndikofunikanso kutsatira zakudya zomwe zimayamwa matenda ashuga.
Pazomwe zimayambitsa kutsitsa shuga m'magazi tiziwonetsa vidiyoyi munkhaniyi.
Zotheka ndi shuga
Kuphatikiza pa mawonekedwe a neuroglucopenic ndi adrenergic omwe afotokozedwa pamwambapa ndikusowa pambuyo pa chithandizo choyenera, odwala amatha kukhala ndi hypoglycemic coma, komanso zovuta m'matumbo, mpaka kufalikira kwamphamvu. Kuphatikiza apo, shuga wochepa wa m'magazi ndi njira yowonjezera yowopsa ndipo imakwiyitsa zotupa za m'mimba, mikwingwirima komanso kulowetsedwa kwa mtima ndi mtima kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima.
Kuchiza kumakhazikitsidwa pochiza matenda oyambitsidwa ndi matenda komanso kuchepa kwa zizindikiro za hypoglycemia.
- Mitsempha yosakanikirana yamitsempha yamagalasi ndi njira yodontha kapena makonzedwe amkamwa mwa dextrose monosaccharide, yomwe imadutsa pamimba, imayamwa nthawi yomweyo m'magazi.
- Kuphatikiza chakudya chopatsa mphamvu “chofulumira” komanso chochepa pang'onopang'ono m'thupi mochepera.
- Ndi kusagwira ntchito kwa zomwe tafotokozazi, jekeseni wa glucagon.
- M'mikhalidwe yovuta, jakisoni wa corticosteroids - hydrocortisone, komanso adrenaline amaloledwa.
- Kutsatira kwambiri zakudya zapadera.
Zomwe zili pamwambapa zamankhwala azikhalidwe, zoperekedwa pansipa, ziyenera kuvomerezedwa ndi dokotala!
- Katatu patsiku, imwani madontho a 1520 a tincture wa Leuzea, omwe angagulidwe ku mankhwala. Kwezerani kaye mlingo mu supuni ya kutentha kwa chipinda.
- Tengani magawo awiri a 2 agrigass, St. John wa wort, hemophilus, chamomile, sinamoni wa gingerbread ndi plantain, onjezerani gramu imodzi ya licorice ndi chowawa pa chopereka. Thirani osakaniza ndi malita 0,5 a madzi otentha ndipo muulole amwe kwa mphindi 25. Tsanulira madzi kudzera m'magawo atatu a gauze ndi kutenga othandizira a 50 magalamu, katatu patsiku kwa mwezi umodzi.
- Thirani supuni imodzi ya zipatso zosankhuka zosaphika ndi makapu awiri amadzi otentha. Lolani kuti lidutse kwa mphindi khumi ndi zisanu, kudutsa cheesecloth ndi kumwa chikho ½ kawiri pa tsiku kwa masabata awiri.
- Gwiritsani adyo ndi lingonberry pafupipafupi, makamaka mwatsopano.
Mndandanda wazinthu zoyenera kupewa kuti muchepetse kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi umaphatikizapo chakudya chopatsa thanzi komanso chizolowezi chatsiku ndi tsiku, komanso kukonza mankhwalawa matenda a shuga. Kuphatikiza apo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muthe kutenga ma multivitamini ovuta okhala ndi chromium mwa iwo, kukana kumwa mowa ndi kusuta fodya, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso kuwadziwa onse omwe ali ndi vuto ndi kuwalangiza pazoyenera ngati pakuwoneka chizindikiro.
Ndi shuga wotsika magazi, endocrinologist amakupangira zakudya zomwe munthu angadye, poganizira zovuta zake, kupezeka kwa matenda a shuga a mtundu winawake, komanso momwe thupi lilili masiku ano.
- Onjezani kudya kwanu zovuta zamatumbo mwa kudya masamba, masamba ndi tirigu wam'mimba, ndi buledi wopanda tirigu.
- Osapatula mowa, semolina, pasitala kuchokera ku mitundu ya tirigu yofewa, makeke, mafuta ndi msuzi wamphamvu kwambiri, mitundu yonse ya mafuta a zophikira ndi nyama, zonunkhira, zakudya zosuta, tsabola ndi mpiru.
- Idyani maswiti, makeke, uchi ndi msuzi kwambiri.
- Idyani pang'ono, m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, musaiwale kudya zakudya zamapuloteni ndi mafuta ochepa.
- Muziyang'ana kwambiri pazakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi fiber yambiri, zomwe zimachepetsa kuyamwa kwa shuga kuchokera ku chakudya chovuta. Zosankha zabwino kwambiri ndi chimanga, nandolo, mbatata za jekete.
- Onetsetsani kuti muphatikiza pa menyu zipatso, zatsopano ndi zouma, kapena mu msuzi wanu womwe, wokhala ndi shuga pang'ono kapena pang'ono.
- Sankhani magwero a protein - nsomba, nyemba, nkhuku kapena nyama ya kalulu.
- Chepetsani kugwiritsa ntchito khofiine, yemwe mokulira imachulukitsa njira ya hypoglycemia.
- M'malo zakumwa za carbonated ndi zakumwa zopanda mafuta.
- Mutha kupeza mapuloteni omwe mumafunikira thupi kuchokera kuzinthu zina - mtedza, mafuta ochepa amkaka.
- Tikhala ndi mazira awiri owiritsa ndi tiyi wopanda mafuta ndi chidutswa chochepa cha mkate.
- Tili ndi zodetsa zilizonse ndi kapu imodzi ya mkaka kapena chipatso chimodzi chofiyira.
- Tili ndi nkhomaliro ndi msuzi pa msuzi wamafuta nyama ndi saladi wamasamba. Kuphatikiza apo - gawo la nsomba zotentha ndi tiyi.
- Khalani ndi zoziziritsa kukhosi masana ndi zipatso zingapo komanso tiyi yazitsamba. Njira ina ndi magalamu 50 a walnuts.
- Chakudya chamadzulo cha nkhuku kapena nyama ya kalulu yokhala ndi mbale yamasamba. Monga m'malo mwa tiyi ndi khofi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chicory.
- Maola awiri asanagone - kapu ya 1 kefir.
Penyani zakudya zanu, idyani moyenera, samalani zochitika zamasiku onse ndipo nthawi zambiri mutha kuthana ndi hypoglycemia popanda mankhwala!
Zizindikiro zoyambirira ndi chithandizo cha hypoglycemia
Mutha kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi m'njira zingapo:
- Kukonzekera kwa pakamwa kwa mawonekedwe a dextrose monosaccharide.
- Drip mtsempha wamagazi.
- Mgwirizano makonzedwe a glucagon.
- Kuphatikiza zakudya zomwe zili ndi zakudya zophatikizika, kuphatikizidwa m'zakudya zamafuta ambiri osaphatikizidwa ndi zomwe zimapezeka mu dengu zomwe zimapezeka ndi leucine, komanso chakudya cham'mimba mosavuta.
- Zakudya zochepa zokhala ndi zovuta komanso zosavuta "zopatsa" - zomwe zimachitika mwachangu, pomwe zotsalazo zimakonza zotsatira (ma cookie owuma, mkate).
- Kuchepetsa zolimbitsa thupi.
Kodi pali ngozi yotani ya shuga m'magazi panthawi ya pakati?
Hypoglycemia imasokoneza mwana wosabadwayo, kuchepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa glucose omwe amalowetsa mwana wosabadwa kudzera mu placenta, yomwe imakhudza kukula kwake. Kuphatikiza apo, kusowa kwa magazi kungayambitse kubadwa msanga ndikukulitsa mwayi wokhala wolakwika.
Onetsetsani kuti mukuwonetsetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga pa nthawi yomwe muli ndi pakati, makamaka ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga kapena zizindikiro zoyambirira za vutoli zimawonekera - kugona, kutuluka thukuta kwambiri, kunjenjemera m'malire, kumangokhala ndi njala, ndi zina zambiri.
Njira "yodzidzimutsa" yochotsa mwachangu hypoglycemia mu digiri yofatsa kapena yolimbitsa thupi ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi imodzi "zopatsa mphamvu" zamasamba, maswiti ndi shuga.). Komabe, mulimonsemo, dziwitsani dokotala za vutoli, pambuyo pake akupatseni mayeso a magazi ndi kukupatsani chithandizo choyenera.
Kodi chingapangitse kuti shuga ya m'magazi akhale yatsopano mwa mwana ndi chiyani?
Nthawi zambiri, hypoglycemia mu wakhanda m'maola ochepa a moyo wake chifukwa cha zinthu zingapo zoyipa - asphyxia pa nthawi yobereka, kufalikira kwamphamvu kapena kwapakati, kupuma. Zowonjezera zowopsa zimachokera kwa amayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndipo nthawi zonse amamwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga.
Vutoli liyenera kuthetsedwa mwachangu: nthawi zambiri wakhanda amasamutsidwira kumalo osungirako odwala kwambiri, glucose amalowetsedwa m'thupi (kudzera m'mitsempha). Ndi mphamvu yochepa, makonzedwe a glucagon ndi hydrocortisone amadziwikiratu mpaka kuchuluka kwa ndende ya magazi ndikukhazikika.
Zizindikiro zazikulu za shuga m'magazi ndi ziti?
Ndi hypoglycemia, wodwalayo amakhala ndi zovuta zingapo. Odziwika kwambiri a iwo:
- Ululu wam'mutu komanso chizungulire.
- Kukomoka, kusokonezeka kwa chikumbumtima, amnesia.
- Diplopia ndi paresthesia.
- Zovuta zingapo zamtundu wapakati wamtima wamtima (nthawi zambiri arrhythmias).
- Zovuta zopumira.
- Zambiri kufooka kwa thupi lonse, nseru ndi kusanza.
- Kumva njala.
- Kutuluka thukuta kwambiri, khungu la khungu, kuchepa kwa minofu.
- Tremor, mydriasis.
- Kuda nkhawa, kusakwiya, kuchita ziwawa.
Ngati mwazindikira zina mwazina mwazomwe mwadzinazo - pimani kuyeza kapena kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi glucometer.
Shuga wochepa wamagazi (hypoglycemia): Zizindikiro, zimayambitsa, chithandizo
Pali zifukwa zambiri zochepetsera shuga wamagazi (kapena hypoglycemia), ndipo vutoli limatsatiridwa ndi zingapo zosasangalatsa, ndipo mwazoopsa, zizindikiro zowopsa. Amawonetsedwa kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa glucose ndipo amatha kuwunika onse odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, komanso anthu athanzi, kapena matenda ena. Nthawi zina, kutsitsa shuga sikuli koopsa, koma ndi hypoglycemia yayikulu, wodwalayo amatha kukhala ndi vuto lowopsa ngati chikwangwani cha hypoglycemic.
Mutu wa buku lino sudzathandiza kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga okha, komanso osadwala matendawa. Munkhaniyi, tikufotokozerani za zomwe zimayambitsa, zomwe zimayambitsa, ndi njira zochizira hypoglycemia. Izi zitha kukhala zothandiza kwa inu, ndipo mudzatha kupewa zovuta ndi zotsatirazi zomwe zimabweretsa, kapena mudzatha kupereka thandizo kwa wokondedwa amene akudwala matenda a shuga.
Chimodzi mwazifukwa zochepetsera shuga ndi njira yovuta ya matenda ashuga. Vutoli limatha kupezeka pafupifupi odwala onse omwe ali ndi matendawa. Zinthu zotsatirazi zitha kuyambitsa mkwiyo:
- mankhwala osokoneza bongo a insulini kapena shuga ochepetsa shuga kuchokera pagulu la sulfonylureas kapena ma buganides, meglitidines (Chlorpropamide, Tolbutamide, Maninil, Amaryl, Novonorm, Hexal, Metformin, Siofor, etc.),
- kusala
- kuphwanya zakudya
- nthawi yayitali pakudya
- matenda a impso ndi chiwindi
- matenda opatsirana pachimake
- kulimbitsa thupi kwambiri,
- kumwa mankhwala akuluakulu.
Chovuta chofananacho cha odwala ena omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, omwe amatsogolera kuchepa kwa shuga, ndi kuphatikiza kwa kutenga insulin kapena othandizira a hypoglycemic ndi njira zina zochepetsera shuga. Izi zikuphatikiza:
- kukulitsa mphamvu ya kutsika kwa shuga kwa nthakayo: clover, tsamba la bay, masamba a nyemba, udzu wa dandelion, lingonberry ndi masamba a mabulosi, udzu wa burdock, maluwa a linden, blackcurrant, rosehip ndi zipatso za hawthorn, udzu wa chicory,
- masamba omwe amachepetsa shuga ndi masamba: parsley, horseradish, dzungu, sipinachi, tebulo, adyo, biringanya, anyezi, letesi, phwetekere, nkhaka, kabichi yoyera, tsabola wazipilala, katsitsumzukwa, zukini, radishi, Yerusalemu artichoke,
- zipatso zothetsa shuga ndi zipatso: zipatso za malalanje, mabulosi abulu, mitundu yaiwisi ya maapulo kapena mapeyala, mabulosi akuda, lingonberries, phulusa lamapiri, viburnum, zinanazi, rasipiberi, mabulosi amajinja.
Pogwiritsa ntchito ndalamazi kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, wodwalayo nthawi zonse azigwirizana ndi dokotala komanso kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga pogwiritsa ntchito mita ya shuga m'magazi.
Choyambitsa china cha hypoglycemia chimatha kukhala pancreatic neoplasm, yomwe imatha kupanga insulin - insulinoma. Chotupachi chikuyambitsa kuchuluka kwambiri kwa insulin, komwe "kumalowa" shuga m'magazi ndikupangitsa kutsika kwake.
Kuphatikiza pa matenda awa, kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha zovuta ndi mikhalidwe:
- matenda oopsa a chiwindi
- mawonekedwe atakhala m'matumbo kapena m'mimba,
- kuperewera kwa michere yomwe imakhudza kagayidwe kazakudya,
- matenda a hypothalamus ndi pituitary gland,
- matenda a adrenal glands.
Mwa anthu athanzi, kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha chifukwa cha izi:
- mimba ndi mkaka wa m`mawere
- kulimbitsa thupi kwambiri,
- kudya pafupipafupi komanso zakudya zopatsa thanzi,
- zakudya zopanda pake, zakudya zopanda pake kapena kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi.
Mwa anthu athanzi, Zizindikiro zakuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi zimayamba kuonekera 3.3 mmol / L, ndipo odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo amawoneka kale, chifukwa thupi lawo limagwiritsidwa ntchito kale kuti azikhala ndi hyperglycemia. Wodwala yemwe akudwala matendawa kwa nthawi yayitali, zizindikiro zoyambirira zitha kuwoneka ndi kulumpha lakuthwa muzizindikiro za glucose (mwachitsanzo, kuyambira 20 mpaka 10 mmol / l). Ana ndi gulu lapadera la odwala matenda a shuga omwe samvera kwenikweni shuga. Samamva nthawi yoyamba izi, ndipo makolo kapena madokotala omwe akukayikira kuyambika kwa hypoglycemia amayenera kugwiritsa ntchito glucometer kuti idziwe.
Kuopsa kwa zizindikiro zakuchepetsa shuga m'magazi kumatha kugawidwa m'magawo atatu: ofatsa, odziletsa komanso owopsa.
Zizindikiro zakuchepa pang'ono kwa shuga mpaka 3.3 mmol / L ndi:
- chizungulire ndi mutu
- mantha
- kufooka
- kunjenjemera m'thupi
- thukuta kwambiri
- pang'ono nseru
- njala yayikulu
- masomphenya osalala.
Zizindikiro zakucheperachepera kwamasewera a shuga kupita ku 2.2 mmol / L ndi awa:
- kusakhazikika
- kulephera kulolera
- kumverera kwadzidzidzi poyimirira kapena mutakhala,
- kuchedwa kuyankhula
- minofu kukokana
- kulira kopanda nzeru, kupsa mtima kapena kukwiya.
Zizindikiro zakuchepa kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi m'munsimu 1.1 mmol / L ndi awa:
- kutaya chikumbumtima (hypoglycemic coma),
- kulanda
- sitiroko
- imfa (nthawi zina).
Nthawi zina dontho la shuga limachitika usiku ukagona. Mutha kumvetsetsa kuti munthu amene wagona wayamba hypoglycemia ndi izi:
- kuwoneka kwamaphokoso achilendo
- nkhawa
- atagwa mwangozi kapena kuyesera kuti atuluke,
- kuyenda mu loto
- thukuta kwambiri
- zolota.
Ndi vuto la usiku la hypoglycemia, munthu amatha kumva kupweteka mutu m'mawa.
Ndi kuchepa kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi, wodwalayo amakhala ndi hypoglycemic syndrome. Nthawi yomweyo, zizindikiro za hypoglycemia zimachulukana mwachangu kuposa kuchepa kwa chizindikirochi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake, kwa chithandizo choyamba, wodwala aliyense yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kunyamula shuga kapena maswiti ndi cholembera cha syringe ndi glucagon.
Momwemo, maphunziro a hypoglycemic syndrome amatha kugawidwa m'magawo anayi akuluakulu.
- Njala yayikulu
- kugona
- kufooka
- hypotension
- Kusintha kwa momwe mukumvera: kuchoka pakuyamba kulira mpaka kusangalala kosasiyidwa,
- kusakhazikika.
- Njala yosalephera
- womvera
- thukuta lozizira
- tachycardia
- kumva kugunda kwamtima
- masomphenya osalala
- kunjenjemera m'thupi ndi miyendo
- kumva kuopa kufa.
- Mkhalidwe wofanana ndi kuledzera,
- chisangalalo
- kusadziletsa kwamakhalidwe,
- kutha kwa mantha
- osakwanira (mpaka kukana kutenga maswiti kapena mankhwala akazindikira kufunika kwawo).
- Kugwedezeka m'thupi lonse komanso kupindika, kenako ndikugwidwa.
- kutayika kwamaso
- kukomoka komanso kukomoka.
Magawo oyamba a hypoglycemic syndrome nthawi zambiri amakhala oopsa bongo ndipo samasiya zotsatira zosasintha. Ndi isanayambike chikomokere komanso kusowa kwa chithandizo chakanthawi komanso chofunikira, osati kuchepa kwa kukumbukira ndi luntha komanso luso, komanso zotsatira zoyipa.
Kuthana ndi zizindikiro za hypoglycemia, thandizo liyenera kuperekedwa mkati mwa mphindi 10-15. Zakudya zotsatirazi zimatha kuthetsa kuukira mkati mwa mphindi 5 mpaka 10:
- shuga - supuni 1-2,
- uchi - supuni ziwiri
- caramel - 1-2 ma PC.,
- mandimu kapena chakumwa china chotsekemera - 200 ml,
- madzi a zipatso - 100 ml.
Kuyamba koteroko kwakanthawi kwamankhwala nthawi zambiri kumathandizira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndipo kumalepheretsa kukula kwowonekera kwambiri kwa matendawa. Zitatha izi, wodwalayo akulimbikitsidwa kuti athetse vuto la hypoglycemia (kudya chakudya, kusiya zakudya zofooketsa kapena zosakonzekera bwino, kumwa insulin yayikulu, etc.).
Ndi chitukuko cha hypoglycemic syndrome, mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo umasintha mwachangu kwambiri ndipo thandizo liyenera kuperekedwa nthawi yomweyo (ngakhale gulu la ambulansi lisanachitike). Muli zinthu zotsatirazi:
- Ikani wodwalayo pamalo oyimirira ndikukweza miyendo yake.
- Imbani ambulansi, kuti mudziwe zomwe zingayambitse kuyimbira foni.
- Vulani zovala zomwe zimapumira.
- Patsani mpweya wabwino.
- Patsani kuti mutenge maswiti ngati chakumwa.
- Ngati wodwalayo wataya chikumbumtima, ndiye kuti ndi kofunikira kuti mutembenukire kumbali yake (kuteteza kutsitsa lilime ndi asphyxiation ndi masanzi), ndikuyika maswiti (mwanjira ya shuga, etc.) kuseri kwa tsaya.
- Ngati pali syringe chubu ndi Glucagon, gwiritsani 1 ml subcutaneally kapena intramuscularly.
Gulu la ambulansi limapanga jakisoni wambiri wa shuga 40% ndikuyambitsa kukoka kwa shuga 5%. Zitatha izi, wodwalayo amatengedwera kumalo osungirako odwala kwambiri ndipo majakisoni ena owonjezera amatha kuthandizanso poyenda.
Pambuyo kuchipatala, wodwalayo amakhala ndi ma catheters awiri: mtsempha wa mkodzo ndi mkodzo. Pambuyo pake, diuretics imayambitsidwa kuti iteteze matenda a edema. Poyamba, osmotic diuretics (Mannitol kapena Mannitol) amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Emergency diuretics (Furosemide) amalembedwa pambuyo pake.
Insulin yogwira ntchito mwachidule imangoperekedwa mothandizidwa ndi shuga wamagazi. Mankhwalawa amayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pali chizindikiro cha glucose monga 13-17 mmol / l, chifukwa kuyambitsa kwake koyambirira kungayambitse kuyambika kwa chiwopsezo chatsopano cha hypoglycemic syndrome komanso kuyambika kwa chikomokere.
Wodwalayo adayesedwa kuti ayesedwe ndi katswiri wa zamitsempha ndi wamtima pazantchito, yemwe amayesa ECG ndi electroencephalogram. Zomwe mwaphunzirazi zikutipatsa mwayi wolosera zam'tsogolo komanso kusintha momwe tingalandire chithandizo.
Atasiya chikomokere, wodwalayo amayang'aniridwa nthawi zonse, ndipo endocrinologist amasintha njira zake zamankhwala ndikudya kudzera pamawu omwe amapezeka kuchokera ku maphunziro a labotale ndi othandizira. Pa gawo lomaliza la mankhwalawa, wodwalayo amapatsidwa mankhwala othandizira kupatsanso madzi m'thupi komanso kuchotsa detoxification, zomwe zimaloleza kuthana ndi acetone m'magazi ndikubwezeretsanso madzi otayika.
Asanatuluke kuchipatala, wodwalayo amapatsidwa malangizo othandizira akatswiri osiyanasiyana, omwe amalola kuti adziwe zovuta zonse za hypoglycemic coma - ngozi ya ubongo, kukula kwa kulowerera kwa myocardial kapena stroko, kuchepa kwa luntha, umunthu umasintha.
Ndi chizindikiro chocheperako cha shuga m'magazi, endocrinologist ayenera kuthandizidwa. Kuti achite mayeso a wodwala, adokotala adzalembera mayeso ofunika a labotale komanso maphunziro othandizira.
Endocrinologist E. Struchkova amalankhula za hypoglycemia:
Laptenok L.V. Kupatsa kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Minsk, Belarus Publishing House, 1989, masamba 144, makope 200,000
Matenda a shuga - M: Mankhwala, 1964. - 603 p.
Evsyukova I.I., Kosheleva N.G. Matenda a shuga. Mimba komanso akhanda, Miklos -, 2009. - 272 c.
Ndiloleni ndidziwitse. Dzina langa ndi Elena. Ndakhala ndikugwira ntchito ya endocrinologist kwa zaka zoposa 10. Ndikukhulupirira kuti pakadali pano ndili katswiri pantchito yanga ndipo ndikufuna kuthandiza alendo onse omwe amapezeka pamalowo kuti athetse zovuta osati ntchito. Zinthu zonse za tsambalo amazisonkhanitsa ndikuzikonza mosamala kuti athe kufotokoza zambiri zofunikira. Musanagwiritse ntchito zomwe zikufotokozedwa pa webusaitiyi, kufunsana ndi akatswiri ndizofunikira nthawi zonse.
Mafuta akamatsika, anthu osiyanasiyana amamva mwanjira yawo. Zizindikiro zimatengera kutsika kwa shuga komanso kuthamanga kwa njirayi.
Hypoglycemia imatha kudziwika kutengera kuyesedwa kopanda magazi m'mimba. Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa glucose, koma atatha kudya zotsekemera, thanzi la wodwalayo limakhala labwino.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti shuga ya m'magazi ya munthu imatha kupewedwa mosavuta, chifukwa ndikokwanira kutsatira malamulo ena. Zakudya za shuga zochepa sizingachitike ngati munthu amangotsatira pafupipafupi zakudya zomwe dokotala kapena wazakudya amachita, amapuma pakudya wamba osaposera maola anayi.
