Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga: magazi mndandanda

Kuchuluka kwa glucose (hyperglycemia) kumaonetsa kusokonezeka kwa metabolic ndi mahomoni. Kupatuka kamodzi pa chizolowezi kumatha kukhala chifukwa chosakhazikika m'maganizo kapena kukonzekera molondola polemba. Ndi zizindikiro zopitilira muyeso, wodwalayo amayembekezeredwa kukhala ndi matenda ashuga kapena kukula kwa matenda ashuga.

Kuzindikira kotsimikizika kumafunikira chithandizo cha endocrinological. Dokotalayo akutiuza mankhwala, kuphatikizapo chakudya, mapiritsi ochepetsa magazi ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Popanda chilolezo cha dokotala, kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga ndizoletsedwa. Kudzichiritsa kwa hyperglycemia kumalumikizidwa ndi chiopsezo ku thanzi ndi moyo. Matenda a shuga amatanthauza ma pathologies osasintha a endocrine system, omwe ali ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Matendawa alibe opatsirana ndipo alibe chiyanjano cha jenda. Muyezo wazaka za odwala matenda ashuga zimatengera mtundu wamatenda. Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu ndi zingapo zingapo. Kufanizira kwa matenda am'mimba chifukwa cha makina otukuka, mawonekedwe a zovuta ndi njira zochiritsira. Therapy yamitundu yonse imayang'ana kuchepetsa ndikusunga shuga yamagazi ndikupewa kukula koyambirira kosalephereka kwa matenda ashuga.

Mtundu woyamba (wodalira insulin kapena shuga wa ana). Amadziwika ndi kukanika kwa maselo a pancreatic. Kulephera ndikulephera kutulutsa timadzi tomwe timayendetsa shuga m'matumbo a thupi - insulin. Matendawa amapangika mwa ana ndi achinyamata ochepera zaka makumi awiri ndi zisanu.

Kuti muzitsatira njira zachilengedwe zopangira mahomoni, wodwalayo amapatsidwa jekeseni wa moyo wonse wa mankhwala a insulin. Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga sagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a mtundu woyamba wa 1. Mtundu wachiwiri (insulin-Independent). Mbali yodziwika bwino ya matenda ashuga a mtundu 2 ndi kusakhazikika kwa kapamba mwa kapangidwe ka insulin.

Timadzi timene timapangidwa ndipo timatha kuperekera shuga ku maselo ndi minyewa ya thupi. Koma pazifukwa zina, kukana insulini kukuyenda bwino mthupi. Maselo amasiya kumva (kuzindikira) pakuzindikira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino insulin. Kukula kwa matendawa nthawi zambiri kumachitika zaka 40+. Kukhazikika m'magazi a shuga, mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala a hypoglycemic imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mtundu wamtundu (shuga mellitus wa amayi apakati kapena GDM). Imachitika mu theka lachiwiri la nthawi yama perinatal mwa azimayi amsinkhu uliwonse motsutsana ndi kusinthika kwa kusintha kwa mahomoni m'thupi ndi kutsimikiza kwa matendawa. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kukana insulini (monga mtundu 2 wamatendawa). Chithandizo chimachitika kudzera pakudya. Mu zovuta, insulin mankhwala ndi mankhwala, monga mtundu 1. Mapiritsi ochepetsera shuga sagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo za mwana wosabadwayo.

Magulu a mankhwala a hypoglycemic

Mankhwala obwera omwe amachepetsa shuga a magazi amagawika m'magulu angapo. Kugawidwa kwa mankhwalawa kumachitika chifukwa cha zochita zawo zamankhwala amtundu wokhudzana ndi mapangidwe ndi kumwa kwa insulin ndi shuga. Kutengera magawo a shuga, momwe wodwalayo amathandizira komanso njira zochizira, endocrinologist amakupangira mankhwala omwe ali mgulu lomweli kapena kuphatikiza mankhwalawa mapiritsi osiyanasiyana a antidiabetes.

Pali magulu anayi apadera a mapiritsi a mankhwalawa a insulin -

• Zochokera ku sulfonylureas ndi zotumphukira za benzoic acid (meglitinides). Mankhwala amaphatikizidwa m'gulu la zinthu zachinsinsi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kapamba azitulutsa insulin mwachangu.
• Derivatives of guanidine (greatuanides) ndi glitazones (mwanjira ina thiazolidinediones). Ndi oimira gulu la othandizira omwe zochita zawo zikukonzekera kubwezeretsa chidwi cha maselo ndi minyewa yamthupi kuti ipangire insulin.
• Alfa glucosidase zoletsa. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo sasokoneza kapangidwe ka insulin. Ntchito yawo ndikuletsa njira zamagetsi, chifukwa chomwe mayamwidwe amadzimadzi am'magazi amayenda pang'onopang'ono.
• Dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors (DPP-4). Zimapangitsa kupanga mahomoni apancreatic ndikulepheretsa kaphatikizidwe ka glucagon (an insulin antagonist) mwa kutsekereza zinthu za DPP, zomwe zimawononga mahomoni am'mimba (ma insretins).

Mlingo ndi mapiritsi ake amatsimikiziridwa ndi kupezeka kwa endocrinologist payekhapayekha kwa wodwala aliyense.

Zosankha

Kuphatikiza pa mapiritsi, mankhwala aposachedwa omwe amachepetsa shuga mu mawonekedwe a cholembera - ma protein - glucagon-ngati peptide-1 ndi insulinotropic polypeptide amagwiritsa ntchito shuga. Awa ndi oimira mahomoni am'mimba.

Kupanga kwawo komwe kumachitika pakumeza chakudya. Mphamvu ya biochemical imakhazikika pakuwonjezeka kwa insulin ndikupanga zoletsa shuga. Chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito ma insretins, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumapeweka. Ku Russia, mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'gulu lino: Bayeta ndi Viktoza.

Mankhwala sakhala ndi vuto pa impso, chiwindi ndi ziwalo zina za hepatobiliary system. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pafupipafupi kumathandizira kuchepetsa thupi, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga onenepa kwambiri.

Baeta ndi Viktoza sanatchulidwe kulephera kwa chiwindi ndi impso, matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis, munthawi ya bere ndi kudyetsa mwana. Pali zovuta zochepa zomwe zimachitika pakumwa mankhwalawo. Amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi zovuta zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha khungu (redness of the khungu in jekeseni), kapena kuopsa kwa dera la epigastric.

Mitundu ya Secretagogues

Muzochita za endocrinological, zobisika zakale zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito yoposa theka la zaka. Mankhwala amakhala ndi njira yochepetsera shuga, koma amayambitsa mavuto ambiri. Choyamba, kugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika kwa ma secagogue kumaopseza vuto la hypoglycemic.

Chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali chimakwiyitsa tafilaxia (chizolowezi komanso kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya achire). Mphamvu yaukali wa mapiritsi pakapita nthawi imayambitsa kufa kwa khungu ndi kuperewera kwa pancreatic dysfunction. Gululi likuyimiriridwa ndi mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala omwe ali ofanana ndikuchita.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yothandiza

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amtunduwu samakhala ndi mphamvu yolimbikitsira maselo a pancreatic. Kuchepetsa shuga ndi minofu insulin. Kuipa kwa chithandizo ndi sensitizer ndi kuchuluka kwa ma contraindication komanso kuwonetsedwa pafupipafupi kwa zotsatira zoyipa.

Kuchiza kwakanthawi kumafunikira kuwunika momwe impso zimayendera, kudzera mwa ma labotale ndi a diagnostics a hardware. Mankhwala sakhazikitsidwa mu gawo lomwe lawola matenda ashuga, pakakhala zovuta zingapo zomwe zimayenderana ndi matendawa. Mankhwala odziwika bwino m'gululi ndi Russian Metformin, French Glucofage, ndi Siofor waku Germany.

Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors

Alfa glucosidase ndi enzyme yogaya chakudya yomwe imaphwanya mamolekyulu a sucrose kukhala dzuwa losavuta. Inhibitors ziletsa enzyme ntchito, kupewa glucose kukakamiza mu zokhudza zonse kufalitsidwa. Mutatha kumwa mankhwalawa, amayamba kuwirikiza kawiri (pambuyo maola 1.5 ndi tsiku lililonse). Chifukwa cha izi, njira yochepetsera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi imayang'aniridwa nthawi zonse.

Kutupa kwa mankhwalawa kumachitika kudzera mu kwamikodzo ndi m'mimba machitidwe (pafupifupi ofanana). Mankhwala sagwiritsidwa ntchito mtundu 1 shuga.

Contraindication ndi nthawi ya kukomoka ndi mkwatibwi. Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi alpha-glucosidase inhibitors zimayenderana ndi zovuta zam'mimba:

• kudzimbidwa ndi kudzimbidwa (kudzimbidwa),
• kuwawa ndi kuwawa m'matumbo,
• nseru

Mankhwala ali ndi hypotonic katundu; munthawi ya chithandizo, ndikofunikira kuwunika kuthamanga kwa magazi (kuthamanga kwa magazi).

Dipeptidyl Peptidase Inhibitors (DPP-4)

Mankhwala amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi poyambitsa mahomoni am'mimba omwe amapezeka m'matumbo a insretin (glucagon-peptide-1) komanso insulinotropic polypeptide-wodalira glucose. Zoletsa sizimakakamira kupanikizika konse, mapangidwe a insulini amapezeka pokhapokha pakudya (nthawi zina shuga), osati pafupipafupi, ngati mukumwa mankhwala ena a hypoglycemic.

Chifukwa chake, ndizotheka kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga, kukhalabe ndi glycemia ndi glycosylated hemoglobin. Nthawi yomweyo, osadzaza ma cell a kapamba. Mphamvu ya mankhwalawa imafika pantchito yapamwamba pambuyo maola atatu, bioavailability imaposa 85%. Njira yowotcha imachitika ndi zida za impso.

Chuma chamtengo wapatali cha zoletsa ndizochepa mphamvu zawo pachakudya ndi thupi. Mankhwala contraindicated kwa odwala insulin amadalira mtundu wa matenda a shuga, ndi ketoacidosis, kuchulukana kwa yotupa njira zotumphukira thirakiti (m'mimba thirakiti).

Ndalama zophatikizika

Pochiza matenda a shuga, kuphatikiza DPP-4 ndi Metformin (sensitizer) kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pofuna kukhazikitsidwa mosavuta, makampani opanga mankhwala apanga mapiritsi awiri a Yanumet ndi Galvusmet. Kuphatikizidwa kwa Metformin ndi dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors kuli ndi gawo lina.

Mlingo woyenera wa mapiritsi amatha kutsimikiziridwa ndi endocrinologist. Mothandizana ndi mankhwala a hypoglycemic, odwala matenda ashuga amaikidwa zakudya zowonjezera zomwe zimakhudza mayamwidwe a chakudya m'thupi.

Kukonzekera kwa piritsi la Hypoglycemic kumaloledwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha akutsimikiziridwa ndi dokotala. Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga, mankhwalawa amathandizanso kuti apangidwe. Mapiritsi a magulu angapo a pharmacological amathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi:

• chinsinsi (zotumphukira za sulfonylureas ndi meglitinides),
• zotengera (zazikulu ndi ma glitazones),
• alpha glucosidase zoletsa,
• DPP-4 zoletsa.

Mankhwala aposachedwa ndi ma insretin, omwe amapezeka mu cholembera.

Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kusintha kwa Magazi

Milingo ya shuga m'magazi imatha kuchoka pamakhalidwe abwino pazifukwa zambiri, chachikulu chomwe chimakhala kupezeka kwa matenda a shuga a mtundu 1 kapena mtundu 2 mwa munthu.

Kunena molondola, mwachitsanzo, kuti wodwala ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2, adotolo ayenera kuphunzira mayeso, choyambirira, kuchuluka kwa gluu m'magazi a wodwalayo. Pa izi, kuyezetsa kumachitika kawirikawiri pamimba yopanda kanthu, kuwonjezera, ngati wodwala wapezeka kale ndi matenda a shuga, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kungayesedwe ndi glucometer yanyumba.

Ngati ndi yayikulu kapena yotsika kwambiri, ndikofunikira kumwa mankhwala omwe amapangidwira shuga m'magazi.

Kuphatikiza pa matenda ashuga, matenda opatsirana amatchedwa chifukwa chomwe chingapangitse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, mwachitsanzo, itha kukhala matenda opatsirana kapena kupsinjika kwakukulu. Kuzizira, kukhumudwa m'mimba, kutsegula m'mimba komanso kusanza zimatha kusintha kusintha kwa chizindikirochi. Potere, wodwalayo ayenera kumwa mankhwalawo mwachangu ndi adokotala kuti abwezeretse zomwe zikuchitika.

Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kumwa nthawi zonse mukakonza zotsatirazi za kusintha kwa shuga m'magazi:

• kukhalapo kwa ludzu lalikulu
• kukodza pafupipafupi komanso kosaletseka,
• zithunzi zowoneka
• kutopa ndi kulephera kuyika chidwi chanu.

Kumwa mankhwala omwe amatha kuchuluka kapena kutsika shuga m'magazi kumasonyezedwa ngati munthu ali ndi mabala ochiritsa olakwika. Kwa akazi, chizindikiro choterocho chimakhala chodwala. Ndi chitukuko cha matenda ashuga osawoneka bwino kapena poyambira gawo lake lowonda, kuchepa thupi komanso kuthanso kufotokozera kumatha kulembedwa.

Panthawi zonse za shuga m'magazi, ambulansi imayenera kuyitanidwa mwachangu. Chowonadi ndi chakuti wodwalayo amatha kudwala matenda osiyanasiyana komanso amatha kudwala. Ngakhale mutamwa mankhwala ofunika komanso shuga m'magazi anu atuluka, muyenera kufunsa dokotala mwachangu kuti muyambe kulandira mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amapangidwa kuti muchepetse shuga.

Shuga Wachilendo

Musanayambe kumwa mapiritsi kuti muchepetse shuga m'magazi, muyenera kukhazikitsa chizolowezi chake kuti mankhwala omwe ali ndi chizindikirochi asankhidwe moyenera. Pakadali pano, mankhwalawa amawerengedwa kuti ndi chizindikiro cha osapitirira 5.5 mmol / L, okhazikika ola limodzi ndi maola awiri mutadya. M'mawa, ayenera kukonzedwa mukamawunika magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti pali mndandanda womwe umakhala ndi chidziwitso cha mtundu wa shuga wa magazi ndi womwe umachitika kwa ana, amuna ndi akazi, okalamba. Ndi iye kuti muyenera kufufuza musanayambe kumwa izi kapena mankhwalawa. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake kuwunika kwa hemoglobin ya glycated ndikofunikira.

Payokha, ndikofunikira kutchula kuti mtundu wovuta kwambiri wa shuga ndi momwe mulingo wa glucose m'magazi umapitilira kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kuposa 12-14 mmol / l. Pankhaniyi, singathe kuchepetsedwa mwachangu. Kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono kwa shuga m'magazi kumakhala koyenera mkati mwa mwezi umodzi mpaka itatu kumapangitsa mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo panthawi imeneyi.

Mukamamwa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga m'magazi, ndikofunikira kukumbukira nthawi zonse kuti zakudya zina zimathandizira kuchuluka kwa shuga pamankhwala. Izi zimagwira makamaka pazakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chamagulu ambiri. Komanso, ngakhale zakudya zomwe zimatengedwa kuti ndizabwino zimawonjezera shuga m'magazi pamodzi ndi zakudya zopanda thanzi.

Izi zikuphatikiza mpunga wa bulauni, mkate wa zakudya, oatmeal ndi zipatso zilizonse ndi zipatso. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka pakudya chakudya m'malesitilanti ndi m'misika, komwe zinthu zotere zimapezeka nthawi zambiri. Kumbukirani kuti anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatha kudya zakudya zovomerezeka monga nkhumba yophika, tchizi, mazira owiritsa ndi mtedza. Ngati chakudya chotere sichili pafupi, muyenera kukhala ndi njala kwa maola angapo, chifukwa ngati mumadya mbale zina, mutha kukwaniritsa kuti kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumayamba kukwera.

Ngati wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga akufuna kuonetsetsa kuti magazi a shuga ali okhazikika, ayenera kufunsa wazakudya kuti am'patse zakudya zabwino. Chifukwa chake, mutha kupanga mndandanda wazakudya zomwe sizabwino. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi zambiri amaphatikizapo:

1. Ma broth.
2. Zakudya zokazinga komanso nyama zaphokoso.
3. Zopangira kuchokera ku pastry puff kapena muffin.
4. Maapulo ndi zipatso.
5. Mpunga, pasitala, semolina.

Kuphatikiza apo, zakudya zosavomerezeka zimaphatikizapo zipatso zotsekemera ndi zakumwa.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apakamwa

Nthawi zambiri chithandizo cha matenda ashuga chimachitika mwa njira yochotsera zizindikiro zake zoyipa kwambiri.

Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala othandizira amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamenepa.

Wodwala akakhala ndi vuto la hypoglycemia, mankhwala apadera omwe amawonjezera shuga wamagazi amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga amathandizidwa ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri.

Pharmacology yamakono imapanga magulu awiri a mankhwala omwe amapangidwira kuti muchepetse shuga, awa ndi:

1. Sulfonamides. Amachokera ku sulfonylurea. Makina awo ochitapo kanthu amatengera kukondoweza kwa amkati mwa mtundu wa insulin katulutsidwe. Poterepa, kaphatikizidwe ka glucose m'chiwindi kamakakamizidwa, komanso kapangidwe ka glucagon. Mukatchula mayina a mankhwalawo omwe amachepetsa shuga m'magazi, ndiye kuti zotsika mtengo komanso zotsika mtengo kwambiri ndi Chloropropamide, komanso Carbutamide.
2. Biguanides. Ili ndiye mtundu wamakono wamankhwala omwe amafotokozedwa omwe amakupatsani mwayi wochepetsera shuga m'magazi a wodwala pomwe adadzuka. Amalimbitsa mwachindunji glycolysis ya anaerobic, ndipo izi zimakuthandizani kuti muwonjezere kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa glucose pogwiritsa ntchito minofu. Mwa m'badwo watsopano wamankhwala amatha kutchedwa Metmorfin ndi Silubin.

Payokha, ndikofunikira kuyankhula za mankhwala ena omwe angakwaniritse kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi. Amakonda kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati matenda a shuga a 2.

1. Mankhwala atsopano ndiomwe amachititsa mtundu wa glycemia. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a wodwala mwadzidzidzi. Mosiyana ndi mapiritsi ena, amatha kuyamwa kwambiri ndipo amakhala ndi mphamvu yochepetsera shuga kwakanthawi kochepa. Ena mwa iwo ndi Repaglinid ndi Nateglind.
2. Thimang. Amawerengedwa ngati ma biguanides osiyanasiyana ndipo amatha kukulitsa chidwi cha ziwalo ndi minofu yake.
3. Alfa glycoside zoletsa. Amasinthira ntchito ya michere yachilengedwe yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa glucose. Chifukwa cha kudya kwawo, kuchepa kwakukulu kwa glucose m'matumbo kungatheke.

Mankhwala omwe mungagwiritse ntchito pazochitika zina, adokotala ayenera kusankha. Ngati mulingo wa shuga utachepa ndikubwera mwachizolowezi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe ali ofatsa kwambiri pachiwindi, ngati sipangakhale kuchepa kwa glucose m'magazi, mankhwala othandiza kwambiri adzafunika kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Ndikofunika osadikirira kuti mayeso a shuga athetse, koma kuti mulumikizane ndi dokotala wanu kuti akuthandizeni.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a insulin

Ndi shuga wowonjezereka komanso shuga wa mtundu woyamba, komanso ngati mphamvu ya njira zina zochizira matenda amtundu wachiwiri ndi yotsika, kubwezeretsa insulin mankhwala kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi ndipo nthawi zambiri ndi njira yofunikira komanso yofunika kwambiri yothandizira matenda ashuga. Ndiye amene amathandizira kuthetsa zizindikilo zoopsa za matendawa.

Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga mumagazi nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi zigawo zomwe zimakhala ndi yochepa, pakati komanso nthawi yayitali mukamamwa mankhwala ofunikira. Mankhwalawa amachepetsa shuga m'magazi ndi mtundu wofatsa kapena wathanzi.

Wodwala aliyense yemwe ali ndi matendawa ayenera kudziwa kuti pali njira zingapo zobweretsera mankhwala m'thupi. Pakati pawo, syringe imawonedwa ngati yapamwamba. Njira iyi yoyendetsera mankhwala idapangidwa kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko cha insulin. Njirayi siigwiritsidwe ntchito m'maiko otukuka, ngati mukufuna kudziwa momwe mungachepetse shuga, muyenera kuphunzira njira zina zamakono zogwiritsidwa ntchito ku USA, EU komanso ku Russia.

Imodzi mwa njirazi ndikugwiritsa ntchito syringe - cholembera. Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mufunika kutsitsa msanga shuga m'magazi a wodwala. Nthawi zambiri pamenepa, mankhwala omwe amagulitsidwa pansi pa mtundu Rinsulin R, Biogulin R, Actrapid amayamba. Cholembera chimbale chikuchotsa syringe yachikale ku Russia.

Odwala ambiri omwe amadziwa momwe angachepetsere shuga sadziwa mwa njira yakale kuti izi zitha kuchitika ndi pampu ya insulin. Chowonadi ndi chakuti chimakhazikika m'thupi la wodwalayo, ndipo ndimafotokozeredwe pafupipafupi, chimayambitsanso kupezeka kwa insulin mthupi lake, potero imayerekezera kapamba. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti pali zovuta zina pakugwiritsa ntchito njirayi, chifukwa cha zolimbitsa thupi za wodwala, kotero pampu imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu kotala yokha ya odwala onse.

Pali njira zina zamakono zoperekera insulin, mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito patch yapadera.

Contraindication zotheka ndi mavuto

Pafupifupi mankhwala aliwonse omwe amachepetsa shuga m'magazi, mwachitsanzo, thyroxine, ali ndi zotsatira zake zoyipa ndi zotsutsana. Chowonadi ndi chakuti zimatha kutsitsa kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi a wodwala pansipa.

Vutoli limatchedwa hypoglycemia. Zotsatira zake, wodwalayo amatha kumva kufooka, kugona thukuta kwambiri, thukuta kwambiri, chizungulire, ngakhalenso kusazindikira. Milandu yayikulu makamaka imadziwika ndi mawonekedwe a matenda ashuga chifukwa cha kusowa kwa michere yomwe imalowa mu ubongo wa wodwalayo.

Kuphatikiza apo, pali zotsutsana mwachindunji ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa shuga. Izi ndi:

• woyembekezera ndi pambuyo pobala,
• nthawi yogwira ntchito
• kupezeka kwa matenda a impso ndi chiwindi,
• dontho lakuthwa m'thupi.

Tiyeneranso kutchula malabsorption syndrome ndi maldigestion. Chowonadi ndi chakuti kupezeka kwawo ndikotheka ndikukula kwa matenda am'matumbo, chifukwa chomwe kuyamwa kwa michere kumasokonekera mwa wodwala. Ngati mankhwala ochepetsa shuga agwiritsidwa ntchito pakadali pano, hypoglycemia ikhoza kuchuluka. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa amayenera kumwa mosamala pochepetsedwa. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mwina pamakhala kugwa koyipa motsutsana ndi maziko akumwa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga.

Mulimonsemo, ndikofunikira kuphunzira mosamala kapangidwe kake musanamwe mankhwala. Ngati malangizowo akuwonetsa kuti simungathe kugwiritsa ntchito molumikizana ndi mankhwala ena, malangizo awa ayenera kutsatiridwa mosamalitsa. Kupanda kutero, mkhalidwe wodwalayo sudzangokhala bwino, koma ungakulirakulira.

Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga akufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane mu kanema munkhaniyi.

Mankhwala odziwika komanso othandiza ochepetsa shuga m'magazi a shuga: kuwunika, malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito

Matenda a shuga tsopano ali vuto lodziwika bwino. Kupatula apo, kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a kapamba ndizosavuta kwambiri. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwakukulu, kusowa kwa chakudya, kusakhala ndi chizolowezi chomwa madzi komanso moyo wopanda nkhawa. Anthu onenepa kwambiri nawonso ali pachiwopsezo. Monga lamulo, pamaso pa zovuta za kapamba, kapangidwe ka insulin, kamene kofunikira pa kagayidwe kazakudya, kamasokonekera. Opitilira 80 peresenti ya anthu omwe akupitiliza kuchuluka kwa glucose wamagazi amadwala matenda amtundu wa 2 shuga. Odwala, monga lamulo, safuna jakisoni wokhazikika wa insulin, chifukwa glycemia pankhaniyi imatha kuwongoleredwa mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala amitundu yosavuta yotulutsidwa. Pali mapiritsi ambiri omwe amathandiza kuchepetsa shuga. Njira zoterezi zimagwiranso ntchito pochiza matenda ashuga. Kuphatikiza mitundu yoposa 40 ya mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamsika wogulitsa mankhwala popanga zinthu zabwino. Lero tikambirana mndandanda wamankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga. Komabe, ndi adokotala okha omwe angakupatseni mankhwala oyenera. Osamachita izi nokha.

Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga m'magazi: gulu

Gulu lomwe limaganiziridwalo limadziwika ndi chosasinthika. Ichi ndichifukwa chake, pofuna kuthandizira kuyang'ana, magulu ena am'magazi adadziwika, iliyonse yomwe ili ndi njira yapadera yochitirapo kanthu.

1. MaChinsinsi. Kukonzekera kutsitsa shuga wamagazi, omwe ali m'gululi, amathandizira kwambiri kuti insulini izitulutsidwa m'maselo a kapamba.
2. Zomvera. Othandizira awa amathandizira kuwonjezera kukhudzika kwa zotumphukira zapadera zazovuta za zotsatira za insulin ya mahomoni.
3. Alfa glucosidase zoletsa. Mankhwala otere amasokoneza mayamwidwe okangalika a insulin m'chigawo china cha m'mimba.
4. Mankhwala atsopano ochepetsa shuga zimakhudzanso minofu ya adipose mu thupi la munthu, komanso zimathandizira kupanga mapangidwe a insulin.

Mankhwala odziwika bwino a gululi la mankhwala. Ndi mankhwala omwe amachepetsa msanga magazi.

Pali magulu awiri a othandizira: zotumphukira za sulfonylurea, ndi methyl glinides. Amasiyana mumachitidwe ogwirira ntchito.

Mankhwalawa ali m'gulu loyambira: "Gimeperid", "Glycvidon", komanso "Glibenclamide". Ndemanga zimanena kuti mankhwalawa onse ndi othandizanso kuchepetsa shuga. Amayambitsa kutulutsa kwa insulini m'magazi, omwe, amathandizira kuchepetsa kwambiri glycemia. Kusiyana kwawo kumangokhala mu kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimaphatikizidwa mu gawo limodzi la ntchito. Zoyipa za gululi: mankhwalawa amachotsa kapamba ndipo pakapita kanthawi amakhala osagwira ntchito. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mankhwala azikhalidwe amayesera kuwagwiritsa ntchito mochepera.

Mankhwala otsatirawa amatumizidwa ku gawo lachiwiri:

• "Nateglinide." Imayambitsa kutulutsa kwa insulin (gawo lake loyamba).
• "Repaglinide." Zofanana ndi mankhwala akale. Kusiyanako kumakhala mu mlingo woyenera (motere, mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku umachokera ku mamiligalamu khumi ndi anayi).

Mankhwalawa onse kuti muchepetse shuga wa magazi ayenera kumwedwa musanadye.

Zinthu zamankhwala zimagawidwa m'magulu awiri: Biguanides ndi thiazolidones.

Woimira wodziwika kwambiri m'gulu loyamba ndi Metformin, mankhwala ochepetsa shuga m'magazi, omwe tidzakambirana zambiri pambuyo pake m'nkhaniyi. Akatswiri onse awiriwa komanso odwala amamuthokoza. Mankhwalawa ndi odalirika, otetezeka, olekeredwa bwino.

Gulu lachiwiri la mankhwalawa ndi "Rosiglitazone" ndi "Pioglitazone". Mankhwalawa amagulitsidwa mu mawonekedwe a piritsi. Kubwezera kwakukulu kwa mankhwalawa ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa (makamaka, zotupa za chikhodzodzo) ngati nthawi yayitali yogwiritsira ntchito miyezi 12.

Ndalama zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi gululi nthawi zonse zimaperekedwa ngati gawo la zovuta kuchira. Mmodzi mwa oimira odziwika ndi "Akarobaza". Mankhwalawa amalepheretsa kuyamwa kwa chakudya cham'mimba m'mimba. Zotsatira zosasangalatsa ndi kusanja. Imwani piritsi katatu patsiku musanadye.

Mankhwala omwe akupezeka masiku ano samakwaniritsa zosowa za odwala, chifukwa chake kafukufuku akuchitika nthawi zonse ndipo mankhwala opangidwa mwatsopano akupangidwa.

Zotsatira zabwino zimawonetsedwa ndi "Liraglutide", yomwe imakhudza kwambiri minofu ya adipose ndipo sikuti imatsitsa kapamba. Mankhwalawa amagulitsidwa ngati cholembera (chimodzimodzi) ndi insulin yapamwamba. Mankhwalawa amayenera kuperekedwa mwachangu.

Anthu ambiri amakonda kuthandizidwa ndi naturopathy. Kenako kukonzekera kwazitsamba kamene kamachepetsa shuga la magazi amapulumutsa.

Zothandiza kwambiri mu mitsempha iyi ndi ndalama zomwe zimapangidwa motengera mbewu izi:

Mtengo wa mankhwalawo umavomerezeka mokwanira ndi mtundu wake. Ogula akuti mankhwalawo omwe ali pamndandandawo ndi othandizadi ngati mankhwala othandizira kupewa monga zakudya zapadera ndi masewera ena olimbitsa thupi, omwe akuwonetsedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, ngati njira zowongolera glycemic control.

Komanso, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kumwa mankhwalawa kuphatikiza ndi thiazolidinedione kapena metformin. Njira yakuchiritsira iyi iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha zovuta za monotherapy, zakudya ndi masewera sizithandiza kusunga kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pamlingo woyenera.

Madokotala omwe amapezekapo amalimbikitsa kwambiri kuti odwala awerenge mosamala zomwe malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito akunena za kukonzekera kwa Januvia asanayambe chithandizo. Mtengo wapakati wa mankhwala ndi ma ruble 3,000 ndi mazana awiri. Mtengo nthawi zambiri umadalira ndendende malo omwe amagulitsa mankhwala.

Mtengo wa mankhwalawa umachokera ku anayi ndi theka mpaka ma ruble 3,000.

Mankhwala omwe amafunsidwa amaperekedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito monga mbali yofunika kwambiri ya monotherapy, komanso ngati gawo limodzi la mankhwala. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi zakudya zapadera komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi osankhidwa bwino.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mankhwalawa? Iyenera kuperekedwa mosavomerezeka m'mimba, pamphumi kapena ntchafu. Mlingo wogwira ntchito ndi ma microgram asanu. Iyenera kuperekedwa kawiri pa tsiku osachepera ola limodzi asanadye. Pakupita mwezi umodzi, mlingo umalimbikitsidwa kuwonjezedwa.

Ndikofunikira kuti wodwalayo aphunzire zonse zakukonzekera Bayeta asanayambe chithandizo: malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito, mtengo wa mankhwalawo, cholowa m'malo ndi zotsutsana. Izi zikuthandizira kupewa zovuta zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.

Mankhwala "Galvus" amafotokozera malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito othandizira a hypoglycemic. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu mu matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri.

Mankhwala tikulimbikitsidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi ndi zakudya zomwe wapatsidwa komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mwapadera, kapena kuphatikiza ndi mankhwalawa monga Metformin, ngati njira yoyamba yathandizire kuti mankhwalawo asakhale othandiza.

Pali zotsutsana pa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa. Mwa iwo: m'badwo wa ana (mpaka zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu), galactose tsankho (makamaka, kubereka osalolera), hypersensitivity imodzi ya zigawo zina za mankhwalawa, kusowa kwa lactase, komanso glucose-galactose malabsorption, kufooka kwa chiwindi ntchito.

Kodi ndingamwe mankhwalawo? Mankhwalawa amamwa pakamwa, mosasamala chakudya. Ngati wodwala amatenga insulin ndi metformin, mankhwalawa amapatsidwa mlingo wa ma kilogalamu zana patsiku. Komabe, mulingo woyenera muyenera kudziwa yekha dokotala wodziwa bwino, yemwe ali ndi chidziwitso chokwanira chokhudzana ndi thanzi la wodwalayo ndipo amatha kuwunika moyenera data yonse yomwe ilipo pa mankhwala a "Galvus" (malangizo, magwiritsidwe, zina zina).

Chofunikira chachikulu pa mankhwalawa ndi metamorphine hydrochloride. Amawerengedwa ngati mankhwala amphamvu ochepetsa shuga a gulu la Biguanides. Akatswiri a "Siofor" amatcha kuti mankhwala otetezeka kwambiri m'gulu lino la mankhwala, omwe ndi oyenera kugwiritsira ntchito osati mankhwala okha, komanso kupewa. Mankhwalawa amatha kukhala gawo lalikulu la monotherapy, komanso gawo la zovuta zovuta, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zinthu zina zomwe zimachepetsa shuga.

Kodi Siofor amachepetsa bwanji magazi? Zonse zimatengera momwe wodwalayo amatsatira molondola kwa akatswiri. Musanayambe chithandizo, ndikofunikira kuwunika momwe impso zimagwirira ntchito komanso njira yonse yowonekera. Maphunzirowa amayenera kuchitika miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yonse mukamalandira chithandizo komanso chaka china mukamaliza. Simungathe kumwa ayodini nthawi imodzi ndi mankhwala ochepetsa shuga. Komanso kumwa mankhwalawa kwa masiku awiri chisanachitike mayeso a X-ray komanso kwa maola angapo pambuyo pake. Kumayambiriro kwa mankhwalawa, munthu ayenera kupewa kuchita zinthu zomwe zingafunike kuti ayankhe ndi kuikirapo mtima.

Ndi zoletsedwa kumwa mowa panthawi yamankhwala.

Chofunikira chachikulu cha mankhwalawo chomwe chikufunsidwa ndi metformin hydrochloride. Gawani "Metformin" wa matenda a shuga a digiri yachiwiri kwa odwala omwe samadwala ketoacidosis (makamaka, imakhudza anthu omwe amakonda kunenepa kwambiri), komanso pokhapokha ngati pali njira yothandizira pakudya. Nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi insulin (yothandiza kwambiri kunenepa kwambiri).

Pali zotsutsana pa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa. Mwa iwo: kuvutikira kwa impso, kuchepa madzi m'thupi, matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis, chikomokere, kutentha thupi, matenda ashuga, matenda opatsirana, Hypoxia, opaleshoni, kuvulala kwambiri, poyizoni wam'mimba, kusokoneza chiwindi, nthawi ya gestation, wailesi ya radioisotope, lactic acidosis, otsika kalori chakudya, tsankho la munthu pazigawo za mankhwala.

Kuwongolera kwa glycemia kuyenera kuchitika pokhapokha kuyang'aniridwa ndi katswiri waluso komanso mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala apamwamba. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira chidwi pakusankhidwa kwa mankhwala oyenera. Kusanthula mosamala zazomwe zili pamwambazi kudzakuthandizani pankhani yovutayi. Unikani mosamalitsa mbali zonse za mankhwala osankhidwa musanayambe chithandizo.

Sankhani zinthu zanu zokha komanso za okondedwa anu. Khalani athanzi!

Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga: magazi mndandanda

Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga m'magazi ndi ofunika kwambiri padziko lapansi. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga wapezeka mwa anthu khumi padziko lapansi.

Chithandizo chomwe chitha kuchiza matendawa sichidapangike. M'mikhalidwe imeneyi, odwala amafunika kunyamula komanso kumwa mankhwala kuti achepetse shuga. Izi nthawi zina zimatha kupulumutsa wodwalayo pakadwala kovuta ka glycemia.

Milingo ya shuga m'magazi imatha kuchoka pamakhalidwe abwino pazifukwa zambiri, chachikulu chomwe chimakhala kupezeka kwa matenda a shuga a mtundu 1 kapena mtundu 2 mwa munthu.

Kunena molondola, mwachitsanzo, kuti wodwala ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2, adotolo ayenera kuphunzira mayeso, choyambirira, kuchuluka kwa gluu m'magazi a wodwalayo. Pa izi, kuyezetsa kumachitika kawirikawiri pamimba yopanda kanthu, kuwonjezera, ngati wodwala wapezeka kale ndi matenda a shuga, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kungayesedwe ndi glucometer yanyumba.

Ngati ndi yayikulu kapena yotsika kwambiri, ndikofunikira kumwa mankhwala omwe amapangidwira shuga m'magazi.

Kuphatikiza pa matenda ashuga, matenda opatsirana amatchedwa chifukwa chomwe chingapangitse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, mwachitsanzo, itha kukhala matenda opatsirana kapena kupsinjika kwakukulu. Kuzizira, kukhumudwa m'mimba, kutsegula m'mimba komanso kusanza zimatha kusintha kusintha kwa chizindikirochi. Potere, wodwalayo ayenera kumwa mankhwalawo mwachangu ndi adokotala kuti abwezeretse zomwe zikuchitika.

Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kumwa nthawi zonse mukakonza zotsatirazi za kusintha kwa shuga m'magazi:

• kukhalapo kwa ludzu lalikulu
• kukodza pafupipafupi komanso kosaletseka,
• zithunzi zowoneka
• kutopa ndi kulephera kuyika chidwi chanu.

Kumwa mankhwala omwe amatha kuchuluka kapena kutsika shuga m'magazi kumasonyezedwa ngati munthu ali ndi mabala ochiritsa olakwika. Kwa akazi, chizindikiro choterocho chimakhala chodwala. Ndi chitukuko cha matenda ashuga osawoneka bwino kapena poyambira gawo lake lowonda, kuchepa thupi komanso kuthanso kufotokozera kumatha kulembedwa.

Panthawi zonse za shuga m'magazi, ambulansi imayenera kuyitanidwa mwachangu. Chowonadi ndi chakuti wodwalayo amatha kudwala matenda osiyanasiyana komanso amatha kudwala. Ngakhale mutamwa mankhwala ofunika komanso shuga m'magazi anu atuluka, muyenera kufunsa dokotala mwachangu kuti muyambe kulandira mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amapangidwa kuti muchepetse shuga.

Musanayambe kumwa mapiritsi kuti muchepetse shuga m'magazi, muyenera kukhazikitsa chizolowezi chake kuti mankhwala omwe ali ndi chizindikirochi asankhidwe moyenera. Pakadali pano, mankhwalawa amawerengedwa kuti ndi chizindikiro cha osapitirira 5.5 mmol / L, okhazikika ola limodzi ndi maola awiri mutadya. M'mawa, ayenera kukonzedwa mukamawunika magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti pali mndandanda womwe umakhala ndi chidziwitso cha mtundu wa shuga wa magazi ndi womwe umachitika kwa ana, amuna ndi akazi, okalamba. Ndi iye kuti muyenera kufufuza musanayambe kumwa izi kapena mankhwalawa. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake kuwunika kwa hemoglobin ya glycated ndikofunikira.

Payokha, ndikofunikira kutchula kuti mtundu wovuta kwambiri wa shuga ndi momwe mulingo wa glucose m'magazi umapitilira kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kuposa 12-14 mmol / l. Pankhaniyi, singathe kuchepetsedwa mwachangu. Kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono kwa shuga m'magazi kumakhala koyenera mkati mwa mwezi umodzi mpaka itatu kumapangitsa mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo panthawi imeneyi.

Mukamamwa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga m'magazi, ndikofunikira kukumbukira nthawi zonse kuti zakudya zina zimathandizira kuchuluka kwa shuga pamankhwala. Izi zimagwira makamaka pazakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chamagulu ambiri. Komanso, ngakhale zakudya zomwe zimatengedwa kuti ndizabwino zimawonjezera shuga m'magazi pamodzi ndi zakudya zopanda thanzi.

Izi zikuphatikiza mpunga wa bulauni, mkate wa zakudya, oatmeal ndi zipatso zilizonse ndi zipatso. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka pakudya chakudya m'malesitilanti ndi m'misika, komwe zinthu zotere zimapezeka nthawi zambiri. Kumbukirani kuti anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatha kudya zakudya zovomerezeka monga nkhumba yophika, tchizi, mazira owiritsa ndi mtedza. Ngati chakudya chotere sichili pafupi, muyenera kukhala ndi njala kwa maola angapo, chifukwa ngati mumadya mbale zina, mutha kukwaniritsa kuti kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumayamba kukwera.

Ngati wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga akufuna kuonetsetsa kuti magazi a shuga ali okhazikika, ayenera kufunsa wazakudya kuti am'patse zakudya zabwino. Chifukwa chake, mutha kupanga mndandanda wazakudya zomwe sizabwino. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi zambiri amaphatikizapo:

1. Ma broth.
2. Zakudya zokazinga komanso nyama zaphokoso.
3. Zopangira kuchokera ku pastry puff kapena muffin.
4. Maapulo ndi zipatso.
5. Mpunga, pasitala, semolina.

Kuphatikiza apo, zakudya zosavomerezeka zimaphatikizapo zipatso zotsekemera ndi zakumwa.

Nthawi zambiri chithandizo cha matenda ashuga chimachitika mwa njira yochotsera zizindikiro zake zoyipa kwambiri.

Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala othandizira amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamenepa.

Wodwala akakhala ndi vuto la hypoglycemia, mankhwala apadera omwe amawonjezera shuga wamagazi amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga amathandizidwa ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri.

Pharmacology yamakono imapanga magulu awiri a mankhwala omwe amapangidwira kuti muchepetse shuga, awa ndi:

1. Sulfonamides. Amachokera ku sulfonylurea. Makina awo ochitapo kanthu amatengera kukondoweza kwa amkati mwa mtundu wa insulin katulutsidwe. Poterepa, kaphatikizidwe ka glucose m'chiwindi kamakakamizidwa, komanso kapangidwe ka glucagon. Mukatchula mayina a mankhwalawo omwe amachepetsa shuga m'magazi, ndiye kuti zotsika mtengo komanso zotsika mtengo kwambiri ndi Chloropropamide, komanso Carbutamide.
2. Biguanides. Ili ndiye mtundu wamakono wamankhwala omwe amafotokozedwa omwe amakupatsani mwayi wochepetsera shuga m'magazi a wodwala pomwe adadzuka. Amalimbitsa mwachindunji glycolysis ya anaerobic, ndipo izi zimakuthandizani kuti muwonjezere kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa glucose pogwiritsa ntchito minofu. Mwa m'badwo watsopano wamankhwala amatha kutchedwa Metmorfin ndi Silubin.

Payokha, ndikofunikira kuyankhula za mankhwala ena omwe angakwaniritse kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi. Amakonda kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati matenda a shuga a 2.

1. Mankhwala atsopano ndiomwe amachititsa mtundu wa glycemia. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a wodwala mwadzidzidzi. Mosiyana ndi mapiritsi ena, amatha kuyamwa kwambiri ndipo amakhala ndi mphamvu yochepetsera shuga kwakanthawi kochepa. Ena mwa iwo ndi Repaglinid ndi Nateglind.
2. Thimang. Amawerengedwa ngati ma biguanides osiyanasiyana ndipo amatha kukulitsa chidwi cha ziwalo ndi minofu yake.
3. Alfa glycoside zoletsa. Amasinthira ntchito ya michere yachilengedwe yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa glucose. Chifukwa cha kudya kwawo, kuchepa kwakukulu kwa glucose m'matumbo kungatheke.

Mankhwala omwe mungagwiritse ntchito pazochitika zina, adokotala ayenera kusankha. Ngati mulingo wa shuga utachepa ndikubwera mwachizolowezi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe ali ofatsa kwambiri pachiwindi, ngati sipangakhale kuchepa kwa glucose m'magazi, mankhwala othandiza kwambiri adzafunika kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Ndikofunika osadikirira kuti mayeso a shuga athetse, koma kuti mulumikizane ndi dokotala wanu kuti akuthandizeni.

Ndi shuga wowonjezereka komanso shuga wa mtundu woyamba, komanso ngati mphamvu ya njira zina zochizira matenda amtundu wachiwiri ndi yotsika, kubwezeretsa insulin mankhwala kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi ndipo nthawi zambiri ndi njira yofunikira komanso yofunika kwambiri yothandizira matenda ashuga. Ndiye amene amathandizira kuthetsa zizindikilo zoopsa za matendawa.

Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga mumagazi nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi zigawo zomwe zimakhala ndi yochepa, pakati komanso nthawi yayitali mukamamwa mankhwala ofunikira. Mankhwalawa amachepetsa shuga m'magazi ndi mtundu wofatsa kapena wathanzi.

Wodwala aliyense yemwe ali ndi matendawa ayenera kudziwa kuti pali njira zingapo zobweretsera mankhwala m'thupi. Pakati pawo, syringe imawonedwa ngati yapamwamba. Njira iyi yoyendetsera mankhwala idapangidwa kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko cha insulin. Njirayi siigwiritsidwe ntchito m'maiko otukuka, ngati mukufuna kudziwa momwe mungachepetse shuga, muyenera kuphunzira njira zina zamakono zogwiritsidwa ntchito ku USA, EU komanso ku Russia.

Imodzi mwa njirazi ndikugwiritsa ntchito syringe - cholembera. Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mufunika kutsitsa msanga shuga m'magazi a wodwala. Nthawi zambiri pamenepa, mankhwala omwe amagulitsidwa pansi pa mtundu Rinsulin R, Biogulin R, Actrapid amayamba.Cholembera chimbale chikuchotsa syringe yachikale ku Russia.

Odwala ambiri omwe amadziwa momwe angachepetsere shuga sadziwa mwa njira yakale kuti izi zitha kuchitika ndi pampu ya insulin. Chowonadi ndi chakuti chimakhazikika m'thupi la wodwalayo, ndipo ndimafotokozeredwe pafupipafupi, chimayambitsanso kupezeka kwa insulin mthupi lake, potero imayerekezera kapamba. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti pali zovuta zina pakugwiritsa ntchito njirayi, chifukwa cha zolimbitsa thupi za wodwala, kotero pampu imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu kotala yokha ya odwala onse.

Pali njira zina zamakono zoperekera insulin, mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito patch yapadera.

Pafupifupi mankhwala aliwonse omwe amachepetsa shuga m'magazi, mwachitsanzo, thyroxine, ali ndi zotsatira zake zoyipa ndi zotsutsana. Chowonadi ndi chakuti zimatha kutsitsa kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi a wodwala pansipa.

Vutoli limatchedwa hypoglycemia. Zotsatira zake, wodwalayo amatha kumva kufooka, kugona thukuta kwambiri, thukuta kwambiri, chizungulire, ngakhalenso kusazindikira. Milandu yayikulu makamaka imadziwika ndi mawonekedwe a matenda ashuga chifukwa cha kusowa kwa michere yomwe imalowa mu ubongo wa wodwalayo.

Kuphatikiza apo, pali zotsutsana mwachindunji ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa shuga. Izi ndi:

• woyembekezera ndi pambuyo pobala,
• nthawi yogwira ntchito
• kupezeka kwa matenda a impso ndi chiwindi,
• dontho lakuthwa m'thupi.

Tiyeneranso kutchula malabsorption syndrome ndi maldigestion. Chowonadi ndi chakuti kupezeka kwawo ndikotheka ndikukula kwa matenda am'matumbo, chifukwa chomwe kuyamwa kwa michere kumasokonekera mwa wodwala. Ngati mankhwala ochepetsa shuga agwiritsidwa ntchito pakadali pano, hypoglycemia ikhoza kuchuluka. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa amayenera kumwa mosamala pochepetsedwa. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mwina pamakhala kugwa koyipa motsutsana ndi maziko akumwa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga.

Mulimonsemo, ndikofunikira kuphunzira mosamala kapangidwe kake musanamwe mankhwala. Ngati malangizowo akuwonetsa kuti simungathe kugwiritsa ntchito molumikizana ndi mankhwala ena, malangizo awa ayenera kutsatiridwa mosamalitsa. Kupanda kutero, mkhalidwe wodwalayo sudzangokhala bwino, koma ungakulirakulira.

Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga akufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane mu kanema munkhaniyi.

Mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga m'magazi: mitundu ndi magwiridwe antchito a shuga

Matenda a shuga ndi njira yodziwika bwino ya endocrinological. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, matendawa amapezeka mwa munthu aliyense wakhumi. Chifukwa chake, akatswiri amakono a zamankhwala apanga zida zambiri zomwe mungathandizire kuchepetsa zizindikiro za matendawa, kupewa zovuta. Izi zimaphatikizapo mankhwala omwe amapangidwa ndi insulin komanso mapiritsi a piritsi kuti muchepetse shuga.

Cholinga chachikulu chochizira matenda a metabolic ndikukhazikitsa magawo amwazi amwazi, kupewa zovuta zomwe zimakhudza mtundu komanso chiyembekezo cha moyo wa odwala. Chifukwa cha mapiritsi amakono ndi njira zowongolera zoperekera mankhwala, odwala omwe ali ndi hyperglycemia amatha kukhala ndi moyo wosiyana kwambiri ndi moyo wa anthu athanzi.

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga chimatengera zomwe zimayambitsa ndi mtundu wa matenda. Pali mitundu inayi ya mitundu yake.

1. Mtundu woyamba wa shuga. Choyambitsa matendawa ndi kuchepa kwa maselo a pancreatic beta omwe amapanga insulini, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha autoimmune reaction. Matenda amtunduwu amangothandizidwa ndi kukonzekera kwa insulin.
2. Type 2 shuga. Pakatikati pa matendawa ndi kusazindikira kwa maselo a thupi kupita ku insulin. Kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, kuchuluka kwa insulini kumapangidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti wodwalayo asazindikire kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi. Matendawa akamapitilira, katemera wa insulini ndi khunyu amakhala wosakwanira, komwe kumayambitsa matenda a hyperglycemia komanso kukula kwa matenda. Ndi chithandizo cha matenda amtunduwu omwe mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Komanso, udindo wokhala ndi moyo wathanzi mwa odwalawa ndikofunikira, ndipo chithandizo chamankhwala chogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mapiritsi chimangowonedwa ngati chachiwiri.
3. Matenda a shuga Itha kuphatikizidwa ndi matenda angapo, kusintha kwa majini, kuwonongeka kwa kapamba chifukwa cha mowa kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Zikatero, chithandizo chimakhala chovuta chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa glucagon (mahomoni amenewa amawonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi). Popeza tanthauzo lenileni la matendawa ndi losakwanira katemera wa insulin, mankhwalawa amaphatikizapo kuperekera insulin ndi jakisoni.
4. Matenda a shuga. Kupanda kutero, matenda a shuga. Pankhaniyi, kudya okhwima ndi zolimbitsa thupi zotchulidwa. Ndipo pakalibe mphamvu - jakisoni wa insulin, popeza mapiritsi amakhudza mwana wosabadwayo.

Mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga m'magazi, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza matenda amtundu wa 2 shuga, amagawika m'magulu angapo. Gulu lawo limatengera njira kapena zochita za mankhwala. Pofuna kuthana ndi hyperglycemia, mankhwala otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Pochita za endocrinologists, zotumphukira za sodfanilurea zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Mankhwalawa agwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka zopitilira 50, amagwira ntchito kwambiri chifukwa chazomwe zimachitika pancreatic function, komanso ali ndi zovuta zochepa.

Zochita zawo zimakhazikitsidwa ndi kukondweretsedwa kwa ntchito ya maselo a pancreatic beta, chifukwa chomwe kupanga kwa insulin kumathandizira, ndipo kuzindikira kwa receptor kumakulitsidwa. Glibenclamide, Gliclazide, Maninil, Amaryl amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

"Diabetes" ndi mankhwala amakono a gululi, omwe ndi othandiza kwambiri, kuphatikiza mitsempha yamagazi pazotsatira zoyipa za hyperglycemia. Mlingo wothandizila ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa amasankhidwa payekha ndi dokotala, kutengera kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi magazi ena okhudzana ndi matendawa.

Pa mankhwala, ndikofunikira kuti mumayesedwe pafupipafupi, kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi glycated hemoglobin. Izi zimachitika pofuna kuwongolera chithandizo ndipo, ngati pakufunika kutero, chithandizireni. Ubwino wakuchokera ku sulfonylurea ndi:

• zotchulidwa hypoglycemic zotsatira,
• kukondoweza kwa nsonga zoyambirira pakupanga insulin,
• kupezeka muukonde wa mankhwala,
• mtengo wotsika
• njira yolandirira bwino.

Kuphatikiza pazabwino, ndalama izi zimatulutsa zovuta zazikulu.

• Kuchuluka kwachuma, kulemera. Izi zimawonedwa motsutsana ndi maziko ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala am'badwo wachiwiri, zimachitika chifukwa cha kukondoweza kwa mathero a insulin secretion mukamamwa mankhwalawa.
• Kulephera kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zina. Mwachitsanzo, panthawi yoyembekezera, poyamwitsa, ndimatenda a chithokomiro, impso ndi chiwindi.
• Chiwopsezo chachikulu cha hypoglycemia. Makamaka ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena kudumpha zakudya. Kuwongolera mkhalidwe wa hypoglycemic, mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezera shuga: shuga wamagulu, njira zothetsera shuga ndi dextrose, glucagon.
• Zotsatira zoyipa. Khansa ya m'mimba, kutsekula m'mimba ndikotheka.

"Metformin" ("Siofor", "Glucofage") - mapiritsi omwe adapangidwa pamodzi ndi sulfanylurea zotumphukira kapena ngati njira ina. Zimalepheretsa mapangidwe a glycogen mu chiwindi, zimapangitsa chidwi cha zotumphukira zolandilira ku insulin, komanso zimachepetsa kuyamwa kwa mafuta osavuta m'mimba.

Ubwino wa chida ndi:

• Matenda a shuga
• kuchepa kwamafuta akununkhira,
• chiopsezo chochepa cha hypoglycemia,
• matenda a lipid kagayidwe.

Zoyipa za Metformin zimaphatikizapo kuti mukamalandira chithandizo pamakhala mwayi pang'ono wopanga lactic acidosis. Kuwonetsedwa koyambirira kwa vutoli kumaphatikizapo nseru, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kuchepa kwa thupi, kupweteka kwa minofu. Ngati zizindikiro zotere zikuwoneka, muyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwalawo, kukaonana ndi dokotala.

Mankhwalawa ndi a gulu la oyendetsa sodium-glucose amtundu wachiwiri. Amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwakuchepetsa mayamwidwe ake m'matumbo am'mimba, chimbudzi chowonjezera mu mkodzo. Mankhwalawa amavomerezedwa bwino ndi odwala, nthawi zina akagwidwa, shuga ndi magazi ochepa amalembedwa, omwe amachotsedwa ndikusintha kwa Mlingo. Koma "Forksig" silingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndikuwonjezera chidwi cha munthu pazinthu zazikulu kapena zothandizira za mankhwalawa.

Zitsamba zopangira mankhwala, mankhwala othandizira at homeopathic ndi zakudya zowonjezera zakudya zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu shuga kuchepetsa shuga. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwala ophatikizika kuchokera ku zomerazi amatha kuledzera kuti azitha kusintha kagayidwe kachakudya, koma onetsetsani kuti mwawaphatikiza ndi zakudya zama carb ochepa komanso zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi. Ubwino wazitsamba zimaphatikizapo kulolerana kwabwino, kupezeka.

Zotsatirazi zimawerengedwa kuti ndizothandiza matenda ashuga:

• makungwa ndi masamba a mabulosi oyera,
• msuzi wa oat, odzola,
• sinamoni
• zipatso ndi mabulosi abulu,
• masamba a dandelion
• phulusa laphiri
• chipukutira.

Ngakhale otetezeka komanso kusapezeka kwa zovuta, mankhwala opangidwa ndi mbewu sangathe kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, chifukwa chake kugwiritsa ntchito nokha m'malo mwa mapiritsi omwe adalimbikitsa ndi dokotala siotetezeka. Ndipo musanagwiritse ntchito mbeu iliyonse kuti muchepetse shuga, muyenera kufunsa endocrinologist.

1. 
   Balabolkin M. I., Lukyanchikov V. S. Clinic ndi chithandizo chazovuta za endocrinology, Zdorov'ya - M., 2011. - 150 p.
2. 
   Serov V.N., Prilepskaya V.N., Ovsyannikova T.V. Gynecological endocrinology, MEDpress-inform - M., 2015. - 512 p.
3. 
   Bogdanovich V.L. Matenda a shuga. Library Yothandiza. Nizhny Novgorod, "Nyumba yofalitsa ya NMMD", 1998, 191 p., Makope 3000.

Ndiloleni ndidziwitse. Dzina langa ndi Elena. Ndakhala ndikugwira ntchito ya endocrinologist kwazaka 10. Ndikukhulupirira kuti pakadali pano ndili katswiri pantchito yanga ndipo ndikufuna kuthandiza alendo onse omwe amapezeka pamalowo kuti athetse zovuta osati ntchito. Zinthu zonse za tsambalo amazisonkhanitsa ndikuzikonza mosamala kuti athe kufotokoza zambiri zofunikira. Musanagwiritse ntchito zomwe zikufotokozedwa pa webusaitiyi, kufunsana ndi akatswiri ndizofunikira nthawi zonse.