Ma gallstolones a cholesterol - amatanthauza chiyani ndi momwe angachitire?

Miyala ya cholesterol - mtundu wotchuka kwambiri wa ma gallstones - amangokhala ndi cholesterol, kapena ndiye gawo lalikulu la calculi. Ma gallstones, okhala ndi cholesterol yokhayo, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yayikulu, yoyera kapena yamtambo wachikasu, imakhala yofewa, yowuma mosavuta, nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mawonekedwe. Miyala ya cholesterol yoyera kwambiri imayimiriridwa ndi mafuta ambiri aafupi a monohydrate a cholesterol, omwe amalumikizidwa ndi mucin-glycoproteins wokhala ndi ulusi wamdima wopangidwa ndi calcium calcium ya uncunugated bilirubin

Miyala ya cholesterol yosakanikirana imakhala ndi cholesterol yoposa 50% ndipo imapezeka kawirikawiri kuposa cholesterol yangwiro. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ocheperako ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala ochulukirapo.

Makatani amtengo wapatali

Miyala ya pigment imakhala ndi 10-25% ya ma gallstones onse odwala ku Europe ndi USA, koma mwa anthu akumayiko aku Asia pafupipafupi kwambiri. Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi miyala ya cholesterol, miyala ya pigment imakonda kwambiri azimayi, ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala yaying'ono, yosalimba, yakuda kapena yofiirira yakuda, imakonda kutalika.

Miyala yakuda yakuda

Miyala yakuda yakuda imakhala ndi polima wakuda - calcium bilirubinate, kapena mankhwala ophatikizika a calcium, mkuwa, kuchuluka kwa mucin-glycoproteins. Osakhala ndi cholesterol. Sizotheka kudziwa kapangidwe kake kamtengo m'miyala. Amadziwika kwambiri ndi odwala omwe ali ndi chiwindi cha chiwindi, omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la hemolytic (cholowa m'magazi kapena ma cell a cellleia, kupindika kwa mtima, mavavu am'manja, ... Amapanga pafupifupi 20-25% ya miyala ya ndulu ndipo amatha kusamukira ku ma ducts a bile.

Pakapangidwe kamiyala ya miyala yakuda, gawo linalake limapatsidwa kuti liwonjezeke la bile ndi bilirubin yosasintha komanso kusintha kwa pH.

Miyala ya bulauni yakuda

Miyala ya bulauni ya brown imakhala makamaka ndi mchere wa calcium wa uncunugated bilirubin (calcium bilirubinate yocheperako poyerekeza ndi miyala yakuda yakuda) ndikuphatikizidwa ndi mafuta ambiri a protein. Kapangidwe ka miyala ya pigment ya bulauni imalumikizidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa matenda (cholecystitis, kukwera cholangitis), ndipo kupenda kwa ma microscopic kumawulula ma cytoskele mabakiteriya. Miyala imatha kupanga mu ndulu ndi m'miyala, ndipo kumapeto imapangika nthawi zambiri kuposa mawonekedwe ena. M'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, kuchepa kwa ma gallstones okhala ndi mitengo kwadziwika, komwe ofufuza ambiri amati kuchepa kwa matenda opatsirana am'mimba.

Papangidwe kamwala, hydrolysis ya bilirubin glucuronide ndiyofunika kwambiri mu michere ya bile mothandizidwa ndi bakiteriya-glucoronidase, wotsatiridwa ndi mpweya wa bilirubin.

Kupanga kwamwala

Miyala yakuda yakuda imapangidwa nthawi zambiri m'magazi a chiwindi (mpaka 30% ya milandu), hemolysis, ndi chifuwa chachikulu. Kuphatikizidwa kwa calculi makamaka kumakhala ndi calcium bilirubinate, komanso calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, mucin-glycoprotein (mpaka 20% mwa kulemera), ndi zina zambiri.

Monga mukudziwa, bilirubin ndi hydrophobic (wopanda madzi) ndi chinthu choopsa chomwe chimazungulira ma plasma mothandizana kwambiri ndi albin ndipo sichitha kutulutsidwa mkodzo. Mphamvu ya thupi yochotsa bilirubin imalumikizidwa ndi kuchotsedwa kwa magazi m'magazi a chiwindi ndi kulumikizana ndi glucuronic acid ndi chimbudzi chotsatira cha ndulu ya phula la madzi lomwe limasungunuka kale - bilirubin digircuronide, bilirubin monoglucuronide. Chogwirizanitsa chomwe chikuyembekedzera kupangidwa kwa miyala yoyamba yopanga matumba ndi chidziwitso chowonjezereka cha mankhwala a bilirubin (makamaka bilirubin monogluconid ronide) mu bile. Mwachitsanzo, pa hemolysis, kuphipha kwa mankhwala a bilirubin mu bile kumatha kuwonjezeka chifukwa cha 10.

Zotsatira zakuphwanya kwa acidization mu ndulu (mwachitsanzo, ndi kutupa kwake), bile imachulukidwa ndi calcium carbonate ndi calcium phosphate, yomwe simapezeka m'malo ac acid ndipo pomwepo imathandizira kuphatikizidwa kwa mankhwala a bilirubin ndikupanga mwala wotsatira. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti odwala omwe ali ndi ma gallstones akuda panalibe kuphwanya ntchito ya galimoto.

Amakhulupirira kuti mapangidwe a miyala ya pigment ya bulauni ndi chifukwa cha matenda a anaerobic, pomwe ma cytoskele mabakiteriya amapezeka mu calculi. Kukhalapo kwa biliary stasis kumathandizira kupatsira mabakiteriya, kudzikundikira kwa ntchofu ndi ma cytoskele mabakiteriya m'mizere. Mothandizidwa ndi ma enzymes opangidwa ndi enterobacteria, bilirubin ß-glucuronidase), asidi wosapangidwira wa asidi (acid hydrolase) amapangidwa, ndi peitic ndi stearic acid (phosphatase A) kuchokera ku phospholipids.

Zopangira ma anionic zomwe zimafotokozedwa ndi enzymatic zimatha kumanga calcium, ndikupanga mchere wambiri osapindulitsa ndikutsogolera mapangidwe a gallstones.

Ma ndulu: momwe mungadziwire

Miyala imakhazikika mu ndulu mwa anthu ambiri, chifukwa chokhala phee, abwino komanso kuchuluka kwa chakudya chosawonongeka. Matenda aallon angayambitse kutukusira kwa matumbo a m'mimba oyambitsidwa ndi kukula kwa matenda, komanso kutsekeka kwa ndulu ya miyala ndi kukokomeza kwa bile mu chikhodzodzo.

Miyala imakhazikika mu ndulu chifukwa chokhala moyo wongokhala

Momwe ma gallst amapangira

Chikhodzodzo ndulu chimalumikizidwa m'chiwindi, chomwe chimatulutsa bile chifukwa chake zimagwira nawo mgawo. Bili limadzaza mu chikhodzodzo, kudikirira chakudya kuti chilowe m'matumbo am'mimba, kuti mutenge nawo gawo la mayamwidwe ndikutulutsa zinthu zomwe thupi silisowa. Ntchito yayikulu ya bile ndi kuwonongeka kwamafuta acid. Ngati munthu adya mosasamala, bile limayenda mu chikhodzodzo ndipo panthawiyi makristali amtundu wamkati ndi mpweya, amatuluka, omwe ndi cholesterol, calcareous, pigment ndi osakanizidwa. Zitha kusintha pamtunda kuchokera pamchenga kapena masentimita asanu.

Popanga miyala, cholesterol ndi mahomoni, makamaka estrogen, amagwira ntchito yofunika. Omalizirawa akufotokozera mwapadera momwe miyala imapangidwira mwa azimayi chifukwa chophwanya ufulu wamathupi m'thupi. Miyala imapangidwanso pakusintha pafupipafupi pakuphatikizidwa kwa bile, komwe kumadziwika kuti kudya kwambiri pakudya. Nthawi zina mawonekedwe amiyala amapezeka chifukwa chowonjezera mavitamini C ndi D, ndipo, mosiyana, kusowa kwa vitamini B6. zomwe zimatenga gawo pazinthu zamitundu mitundu kusokoneza mafuta acids. Matenda a Gallstone ndi chotsatira cha kusokonekera kwa metabolic m'thupi la munthu.

Miyala “imadzidziwitsa”

Mawonekedwe ndi kayendedwe ka miyala mu ndulu ndikuwonetsedwa ndi zisonyezo zakuyamba kumverera kwadzanja kumanja pansi pa nthiti, kuwuma mkamwa, ndiye kuti mseru umachitika mutatha kudya. Mu gawo lowawa, kupweteka kumaperekedwa mbali yakumanja kumbuyo. Ngati mwala utagunda ndulu ya bile, kupweteka kumakulirakulira, nseru imakulitsidwa ndikusanza, kutentha kumakwera, kuzizira kumawonekera, nthawi zina pali zizindikiro za kuledzera kwa thupi ndi ndulu - jaundice yovutitsa. Ngati vuto la aimpso colic, muyenera kutenga mankhwala osokoneza bongo, makamaka, analgin, ndikofunikira kuyitanitsa dokotala.

Mapangidwe a miyala

Kodi miyala yomwe ili mumalonda ndiyotani, kudziwa momwe amapangidwira ndipo ndi uti wa iwo ungasungunuke?

Lero tikambirana funso lotsatira: Kodi miyala ndiyoti yomwe ili mumalonda, ndi njira ziti zomwe zingawerengere kapangidwe kake ndi iti mwa iwo omwe angathe kusungunuka.

Miyala ya ndulu ndikupanga kwa mankhwala amagawika m'magulu atatu:

Dzinalo limanenanso zomwe miyala imakhala: cholesterol, bilirubin kapena calcium calcium. Koma ndikuyenera kukuwuzani kuti kugawanika kwa miyala m'magulu atatuwa ndizopondera, chifukwa miyala ya chikhodzodzo, yomwe ndi 100% ya chinthu chilichonse, sizipezeka mwachilengedwe. Zonsezi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosakanikirana. Ndipo magawikidwe awo m'magulu atatu amatengera zomwe amapanga zomwe zili zazikulu.

Mwala wa cholesterol ndi wachikasu wobiriwira, wowoneka wosalimba komanso, monga lamulo, wokulirapo. Ofufuza ena amagawa miyala ya bilirubin kukhala ya bulauni komanso yakuda. Mutha kuwerenga zambiri zamiyala ya ndulu mu nkhani ya miyala ya Gallbladder - ndi ziti?

Miyala ikhoza kusungunuka ndi njira ya mankhwala a litholysis ndi miyala ya cholesterol imatha kusungunuka.

Komabe, zofanana ndi kuphwanya. Njira yakuchiritsira ikufotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi Kodi ndizotheka kuchiritsa matenda a gallstone popanda opaleshoni? . Tsatirani ulalo ndikuwuwerenga ngati mukufuna. Ndipo apa ndikukuuzani za njira zomwe mungadziwire kapangidwe ka miyala mu ndulu asanafike opareshoni.

Ngati miyala ya cholesterol yokha ikhoza kusungunuka, funsoli limakhala lofunika kwambiri: Kodi miyala yomwe ili mu chikhodzodzo changa ndiyotani? Kodi pali chiyembekezo chilichonse choti nditha kuzisungunula kapena kuchira kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kwodula sikungathandize kwa ine? Izi ndizofunikira, sichoncho?

Chifukwa chake, mungadziwe bwanji mapangidwe a miyala asanapangidwe opareshoni?

Ndikufuna ndinene nthawi yomweyo kuti sizotheka kudziwa momwe miyala ingapangidwire. Koma pali njira zomwe zimapangitsabe kuti azitha kuyenda mosavuta kapena pang'ono. Njira izi ndi:

1. Kufufuza kwamawu ndi kufufuza kwa mankhwala pazomwe zidapezeka. Ichi ndi chiyani Ndi njirayi, kafukufuku amaphatikizidwa mu duodenum ndipo zomwe zili mkati mwake zimatengedwa kuti zifufuzidwe ndi mankhwala. Ndipo popeza bile limatulutsidwa mu duodenum, ndiye, mutasanthula zomwe zili m'matumbo, munthu amathanso kudziwa momwe amapangira bile. Ndipo izi zimapangitsa kulingalira molondola bwino momwe mawonekedwe amiyala mu chikhodzodzo ali. 2. Kuyesedwa kwa X-ray. Chowonadi ndi chakuti miyala ya gallbladder, monga lamulo, sichikuwoneka pazithunzi za x-ray. Zokhazo zomwe zimakhala ndi calcium yambiri ndizowoneka. Ndipo miyala ngati imeneyi siyikhala yopasuka. Ngati munthu atenga chithunzi ndipo miyala ikuwoneka bwino pamenepo, funsoli limathetsedwa nthawi yomweyo - miyala yotere siyingasungunuke. Ndipo miyala yotere, malinga ndi ziwerengero, pafupifupi 10%. 3. Spiral computed tomography ya gallbladder ndi kuyerekezera kwa kachulukidwe kamiyala pamiyala ya Hounsfield. Njira iyi imakupatsani mwayi kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa miyala ndipo, potero, mutha kudziwa mwayi wawo wosintha. Chofunika kwambiri ndikuti kuchuluka kwa calcium pamiyala, kumakhala kochuluka ndipo kumakhala kochepa kwambiri kuti athe kusungunuka. Kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, kumachepetsa kuchulukana kwa miyala ndikuwonjezeranso mwayi komwe athe kutha kupasuka. Kusintha kukuwonetsedwa pomwe kuchulukana kwa miyala pamiyeso iyi sikupitirira mayunitsi zana.

Ndikukhulupirira kuti ndakwanitsa kukuthandizani kumvetsetsa nkhani yokhudzana ndi kupangika kwa miyala ya ndulu ndi kuthekera kwa kusungunuka kwawo.

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Zimayambitsa kupezeka kwa cholesterol mu ndulu

Miyala ya cholesterol imapangika pansi pazinthu zitatu:

1. Njira yoyambira yopangira miyala ya cholesterol mu ndulu ndi gawo lowonjezereka la ma lipids aulere m'magazi a zotumphukira. Thupi liyenera kukhazikika pamlingo wake, chifukwa chake, mafuta amafuta a cholesterol amawonjezereka ndi bile.
2. Kamodzi mu ma cystic ducts, cholesterol imakumana ndi mitundu yambiri ya kusintha komwe imasanduka cholesterol monohydrate. Mu kapangidwe kake, ndimtundu wa mawonekedwe a crystalline solid.
3. Mapangidwe a miyala ya cholesterol amapezeka kumbuyo dziko losasunthika bile. Chifukwa chake, makhiristo a cholesterol yolimba amasungidwa nthawi yayitali mu lumen ya ndulu, amamatira wina ndi mzake ndi zinthu zina zolimba. Mwalawo amayamba kukula pang'onopang'ono, amapanga mainchesi akuluakulu kuposa ma cystic duct ndipo sangathe kulowa payekha.

Cholesterol okwera m'magazi ndiye chifukwa chachikulu chakupanga miyala mwanjira ya biliary. Zomwe zimayambitsa zimayambitsa kusowa kwa lipid metabolism, zomwe zingayambitse kuchuluka kwake:

• Zakudya zopanda pake. Ngati m'zakudya zanu zatsiku ndi tsiku mumakhala zakudya zambiri zamafuta a nyama, zambiri yokazinga, zamchere, zosuta komanso zonunkhira, ndiye kuti pamakhala vuto la kulephera kwa lipid metabolism.
• Kulephera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Cholesterol ndi malo ochepa opanga mphamvu zama cell onse amthupi. Ndi moyo wopewera, makamaka wolimbana ndi vuto la kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, kufunika kwa cholesterol kumachepa. Ilibe nthawi yochotsa m'magazi ndikuyamba kudziunjikira mu endothelium ndipo imayikidwa mu ndulu.
• Kutsimikiza kwa chibadwa.
• Matenda a Crohn.
• Matenda a chiwindi.
• Kukhalapo kwa maziko a pathologies a thupi, mwachitsanzo, matenda a shuga.
• Kuchepetsa thupi. Kafukufuku wina wawonetsa chiwopsezo chowonjezereka cha miyala ya cholesterol motsutsana ndi zakudya zopumira kwambiri komanso kufa ndi njala.
• Zakudya zazitali kwa makolo kuchipatala (pambuyo pa opaleshoni yayikulu kapena matenda opatsirana).

Anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri ya chimodzi kapena zingapo zoyipa zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa ali pachiwopsezo cha cholelithiasis. Zosiyanasiyana anatomical kapangidwe ka bile ndi yotupa njira biliary dongosolo kumawonjezera pafupipafupi zimachitika.

Poyambirira kwa matendawa, mchenga amapezeka mu bile duct. Ndi yaying'ono kwambiri kukula kwake ndipo munthawi yoyenera kugwira ntchito kwa minofu yosalala ndi chikhodzodzo chimachoka momasuka ndi bile. Ngati chithokomiro chokwanira cha bile chikupanda kuzimiririka, m'malo omwe mumapezeka mchenga, mapangidwe a mwala wa cholesterol umayamba. Akatswiri amati posowa chithandizo, miyala iyi imayamba kukula pang'ono - pafupifupi mamilimita 5 pachaka.

Zizindikiro za gallstones

Pa magawo oyambilira a mapangidwe a cholesterol miyala, pomwe kukula kwake sikungayambitse kufooka mu mzere, zizindikilo zakunja kapena madandaulo nthawi zambiri zimasowa. Milandu ya "kupeza mwangozi" mwala mu ndulu munyengo yoyesedwa kapena chithandizo chamankhwala ena ndiofala kwambiri.

Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mwala wa cholesterol, umatha kulowa mu cystic duct ndi mphamvu ya bile ndipo imayambitsa zizindikiro:

• Chowawa ululu chazizwitsa ngati mawonekedwe. Chowonera chowawa chili pa hypochondrium yoyenera. Imatha kuwala kumapewa ndi phewa kumanja, kupatsa kupweteka kumbuyo kwa khosi kapena khosi. Ndi kupanikizika kwa dera la hepatic, ululu umakulirakulira.
• Kupumira, monga lamulo, sikubweretsa mpumulo.
• Kuwonjezeka kwapakati pa kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa systolic.
• Kutalika kwa kufooka kwakukulu ndi asthenia.

Ngati, kuphatikiza pa kupanga mapangidwe amiyala, kutsimikizika kwamatenda kumakhalaponso, ndiye kuti madandaulo a wodwalayo akhoza kuthandizidwa ndi mfundo zotsatirazi:

• Dyspeptic syndrome. Kuchepetsa mphuno, kumva kuwawa mkamwa, kutentha kwa pamtima, kuchuluka kwa mapangidwe ake ndi kusweka, kusanza, kusakhazikika.
• Thupi. Kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa thupi ku manambala am'munsi, kuzizira, thukuta kwambiri.
• Pa palpation ya malo omwe kutupa kumayambitsa, pali ululu wammbuyo.

Ngati njira yolepheretsa duct ndi cholesterol kapena mwala wa bilirubin inali yofatsa kapena thandizo la kuchipatala silinaperekedwe mu nthawi, jaundice yovuta imayamba. Kutulutsa kumasokonekera, kuchuluka kwa bile limachuluka ndipo pang'onopang'ono limadziunjikira mu chikhodzodzo. Momwe kupakika kwelekedwe ndi kutalika kwa makhoma ake kuzimiririka, gawo lalikulu la bile - bilirubin - limatsikira kulowa m'magazi. Izi zimadziwika ndi mawonekedwe akunja otsatirawa:

• Khungu ndi mucous nembanemba amatenga jaundice chifukwa cha bilirubin m'magazi, sclera yama eyeb eye ndi icteric.
• Bilirubin, chifukwa chake, ikulowa m'matupi amkhungu, imayambitsa kuyabwa kosalekeza.
• Mafuta amdima, kusowetsa ndowe.

Matendawa ndi chisonyezo chakugonekedwa kuchipatala, ndipo nthawi zambiri, amalowerera opaleshoni. Popanda chithandizo chokwanira, jaundice imatha kuyambitsa chiwindi, ndikuwononga maselo ake. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonongeke zimalowa m'magazi, zomwe zimakhala zowala ndi kuwonjezera kwa kulephera kwa impso. Potengera maziko a cytolysis (kuwonongeka kwa maselo), kuthekera kochotsa chiwindi kumachepa, komwe kumakulitsanso kukula kwa macroorganism.

Zizindikiro

Ndi mayeso akunja, dokotalayo amayang'anitsitsa khungu ndi sclera ya mawonekedwe amaso ndikuwunika mthunzi wawo. Ndi jaundice yomwe ikhoza kukhala chizindikiro choyamba chosonyeza kukweza kwapolesterol ndi cholecystitis (kutupa kwa chikhodzodzo). Pambuyo pake, zowerengeka zowonjezera zowerengera ndi zida zothandizira zimayikidwa, zomwe zimatsimikizira kapena kukana kuzindikiraku, komanso kuwona m'maganizo chithunzi cha njira ya matenda.

• Ultrasound Kuunika kwa chiwonetsero cha chiwindi ndi ndulu kumakupatsani mwayi kuti muone mwala wa cholesterol, kudziwa komwe kuli, kapangidwe, kukula, komanso mawonekedwe a ponseponse.
• Radionuclide scan. Zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito kusiyanitsa - chinthu chowulutsa mawu, chomwe chimalowetsedwa m'magazi magazi isanachitike kafukufukuyu. Ndi mtsinje wamagazi, phata iyi imalowetsedwa mu ndulu ndipo, ikafufuzidwa nthawi yomweyo, imawona mawonekedwe amachitidwe a cystic.
• Zojambula zam'mimba. Chiwongola dzanja ndi chikhodzodzo chitha kupezeka mu chithunzichi.
• Kuyesa kwamwazi wamagazi. Kuwonetsera kusintha kwa ma hepatic enzymes - transaminases ALT ndi AST, kuchuluka kwa bilirubin ndi chikhazikitso cha chiwonongeko cha khungu (GGT).
• Endoscopic cholangiopancreatography.

Njira zochizira

Mtundu wa chithandizo cha miyala ya cholesterol mu ndulu ndi kutengera kuopsa kwa vutolo, zomwe zimadziwika ndi matendawa ndipo zitha kukhala zowopsa kapena za opaleshoni. Pochiza matenda a gallstone popanda opaleshoni, magulu atatu akuluakulu a mankhwala ndi omwe amapatsidwa.

1. Maantibayotiki.
2. Ma antispasmodics ndi ma pinkiller kuti athandize kutuluka kwa ndulu ndikuchepetsa ululu.
3. Kukonzekera mwachindunji kufalikira kwa mafuta a cholesterol - chenodeoxycholic acid.

Mankhwalawa amayenera kutsatiridwa ndi kusintha kwa moyo ndi zakudya.

Ngati miyala ya cholesterol ndi yayikulu kwambiri ndipo mankhwala osokoneza bongo sangathe kupirira nawo, ndiye kuti kulowererapo kwa opaleshoni kukuwonetsedwa. Kuchotsa miyala mu ndulu ndi njira yaukadaulo momwe khoma lam'mimba silidadulidwe. Pambuyo povulaza kangapo, imapereka mwayi mwachangu ndipo dokotalayo amatha kufufuma. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni yochotsa miyala ya cholesterol, wodwalayo amasinthidwa kuti adye zakudya, zakudya zapadera zimayikidwa.

Ndikosavuta kupewa matendawa kuposa kuchiza pambuyo pake. Miyala ya cholesterol m'magawo oyamba sangathe kuwonekera konse, chifukwa chake, ndizotheka kuzizindikira pokhapokha mwa kuyesedwa ndi dokotala waluso. Posakhalitsa matenda atapezeka, ndibwino kuti matendawo ayambenso kuchira. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anira thanzi lanu, kudya moyenera, kukhala ndi moyo wakhama ndipo osanyalanyaza mayeso kawirikawiri kuchipatala.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda

Mwala wamtengo wapatali wa cholesterol umatha kupweteketsa m'mimba kumtunda wamanja.

Nthawi ndi nthawi, ululu umatha kupezeka mu chikhodzodzo, nthawi zambiri mukamadya zakudya zamafuta kwambiri, monga zakudya yokazinga.

Ululu nthawi zambiri umatha kuposa maola ochepa.

• nseru
• kusanza
• mkodzo wakuda
• kupweteka kwam'mimba
• kubwatula
• kutsegula m'mimba
• kudzimbidwa.

Zizindikirozi zimadziwikanso ngati chizindikiro cha biliary colic.

Palinso ma calculi asymptomatic - pomwe ndulu simayambitsa kupweteka. M'malo mwake, ululu umachitika pamene miyala ikuletsa kuyenda kwa madzimadzi. Malinga ndi American College of Gastroenterology, anthu 80% ali ndi miyala "chete". Izi zikutanthauza kuti sizimayambitsa kupweteka kapena zilibe zizindikiro. Muzochitika izi, dokotala amatha kuwona miyala nthawi ya x-ray kapena pa opaleshoni.

Mitundu yotsatira yamankhwala a cholelithiasis imasiyanitsidwa:

1. mwala wosanja (mwala),
2. dyspeptic
3. torpid yopweteka (kusowa kwa kukomoka kapena mawonekedwe awo osowa),
4. kupweteka (ndi zovuta),
5. khansa.

Ambiri mwa odwala (kuyambira 60 mpaka 80%) pamaso pa miyala m'matumbo alibe zisonyezo kapena chiwonetsero chilichonse cha matendawa. Komabe, izi, ndizodziwika bwino, zimadziwika ndi mtundu wamatenthedwe kuposa matendawa.

Kupenda kukuwonetsa kuti pafupifupi theka la odwala, mkati mwa zaka 10 atazindikira miyala mu chikhodzodzo, atembenukire kwa dotolo akudandaula za zomwe zikuwonetsa kukula kwa mitundu ina ya cholelithiasis, komanso zovuta zake.

Mavuto ndi chiopsezo cha nthawi yayitali

Cholera cha cholesterol chikatsekera ngalande pomwe bile imayamba kuchoka mu chikhodzodzo, imatha kuyambitsa kutupa ndi matenda.

Izi zimadziwika kuti pachimake cholecystitis. Pankhaniyi, mudzafunika kuthandizidwa mwadzidzidzi.

Chiwopsezo chokhala ndi cholecystitis pachimake chifukwa cha miyala yamatsenga ndi 1-3 peresenti.

Zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi pachimake cholecystitis ndi:

• kupweteka kwambiri m'mimba kapena pakati pa mbali yakumanja kumbuyo,
• malungo
• kuzizira
• kusowa kwa chakudya
• kusanza ndi kusanza.

Muyenera kufunsa dokotala ngati zizindikirozi zikhala zoposa maola 1-2 kapena ngati muli ndi malungo.

Ma gallstones osatulutsidwa amatha kuyambitsa zovuta zina, monga jaundice, cholecystitis, cholangitis, sepsis, kutupa kwa kapamba, ndi khansa ya chikhodzodzo.

Zambiri zowopsa pakupanga miyala ndizokhudzana ndi zakudya, pomwe zinthu zina nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosagwirizana. Ziwopsezo zosalamulirika zikuphatikiza zizindikiro monga zaka, mtundu, jenda, ndi mbiri yabanja zomwe sizingasinthidwe.

Ngakhale kuti mankhwalawa atha kuwonjezera mwayi wopanga miyala, simuyenera kusiya kumwa, pokhapokha atakhala kuti ndi adokotala.

Njira zopezera matendawa

Dokotala amayeserera thupi, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kuyang'ana maso ndi khungu kuti lisinthe mtundu.

Mtundu wachikasu ukhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha jaundice, zotsatira za bilirubin yambiri mthupi.

Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa matenda mwachangu. Kuunikiraku kungaphatikizepo kuyesedwa kwa matenda omwe angathandize adokotala kupeza miyala. Mayesowa ndi monga:

1. Ultrasound Iyi ndi njira yomwe mumakonda kuganizira yomwe imatsimikizira kupezeka kwa matenda a ndulu. Itha kuwona zovuta zomwe zimagwirizana ndi pachimake cholecystitis.
2. X-ray ya m'mimba. Amatenga zithunzi za chiwindi ndi m'mimba.
3. Radionuclide kujambulidwa kwa ndulu. Kulemba uku kumatenga pafupifupi ola limodzi. Katswiri amabweretsa chinthu chowulutsa mu mitsempha. Thupi limadutsa m'magazi kupita kuchiwindi ndi chikhodzodzo. Mukasanthula, zitha kuwonetsa umboni wa matenda kapena kufinya kwa ndulu za miyala.
4. Kuyesa kwa magazi. Dokotala wanu atha kuyitanitsa kuyesedwa kwa magazi komwe kumayeza kuchuluka kwa bilirubin mu plasma yanu. Kuyesera kumathandizanso kudziwa momwe chiwindi chikugwirira ntchito.
5. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Iyi ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito kamera ndi ma X-ray kuti aphunzire mavuto mumtsempha wa bile ndi kapamba.

Njira yotsirizayi imalola adokotala kuti azindikire ma gallstones omwe amangidwa mu duct ya bile.

Khalidwe la Gallstone

Kodi miyala yamtengo wapatali imathandizidwa bwanji? Nthawi zambiri, chithandizo cha ma gallstones sichingakhale chofunikira ngati sichikupweteka. Ngati ululu ulipo, dokotalayo angalimbikitse opereshoni.

Nthawi zina, mankhwalawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Ngati chiwopsezo chachikulu chikachitika atachitidwa opaleshoni, chubu chamadzimadzi chitha kuyikidwa m'ndulu kudzera pakhungu. Opaleshoniyo imachedwetsedwa mpaka chiwopsezo chimachepetsedwa pochiza matenda ena.

Pamaso pa gallstones komanso kusowa kwa zizindikiro, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musinthe zina ndi zina pa moyo wanu.

Malangizo a Gallbladder Health:

• kukhala ndi thanzi labwino
• pewani kuchepetsa thupi
• odana ndi yotupa
• zolimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi
• Dr. Dr. adavomereza zowonjezera pazakudya. Zakudya zina zopatsa thanzi zomwe mungatenge ndizophatikiza vitamini C, iron, lecithin. Kafukufuku wina adapeza kuti vitamini C ndi lecithin amatha kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha ma gallstones. Zimathandizanso kudya alpha lipoic acid.

Ndikofunika kufunsa dokotala kuti mupeze mulingo woyenera wa zowonjezera izi. Pali kuthekera kwa kuchotsedwa kwa ndulu ndi njira ya laparoscopic. Ichi ndi ntchito wamba yomwe imafuna opaleshoni yonkitsa.

Dokotalayo nthawi zambiri amapanga 3 kapena 4 mimbayo. Kenako amayika chida chaching'ono chowunikira ndikuchotsa ndulu mosamala.

Kuchotsa ndulu kumalumikizidwa ndi kusintha kwa bile kuchokera chiwindi kupita kumtumbo laling'ono. Bile sichidutsanso mu ndulu, ndipo imakhala yokhazikika.

Zotsatira zake zimakhala zovuta zamatsenga zomwe zimayambitsa kutsegula m'mimba. Kuti mupewe izi, muyenera kutsatira zakudya zapadera kuti bile yochepa ipangidwe. Mankhwala othandizira calculi nthawi zambiri sagwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa njira za laparoscopic ndi robotic zimapangitsa opaleshoni kukhala yangozi kwambiri kuposa kale. Komabe, ngati opaleshoni safunikira, dokotalayo amatha kukupatsani mankhwala a Ursodiol, omwe ndi mankhwala othetsa ma gallstones oyamba ndi cholesterol. Nthawi zambiri amatengedwa 2 mpaka 4 pa tsiku.

Mankhwala amatha kutenga zaka zingapo kuti athetse ma gallstones, koma mwatsoka ma gallstones amatha kupezekanso ngati chithandizo chikuyimitsidwa.

Gulu

Kwenikweni, mitundu ya miyala mu ndulu imagawidwa ndi kupangidwa kwamankhwala. Malinga ndi izi, adalembedwa kuti:

• osamalitsa
• bilirubin (wokhala ndi pigment),
• cholesterol
• kusakaniza.

Kuphatikiza apo, miyala mu ndulu imagawika malinga ndi kuchuluka kwawo kukhala:

Palinso gulu lawonso m'magulu:

Yoyamba imaphatikizapo yomwe ili ndi gawo lopanda masentimita 1. Chizindikiro ichi chikapitilira, chimakhala chotalika (1-2 cm) ndi chachikulu (kuchokera 2 cm).

Zifukwa zakapangidwe kameneka

Mapangidwe a miyala mu ndulu amatha kupezeka chifukwa cha zinthu zotsatirazi:

• kukhalapo kwa kupotokola kwa duodenum,
• Matenda a Crohn
• kuchepa magazi m'thupi,
• Matenda oopsa
• matenda ashuga
• chibadwa cha chiwindi matenda,
• ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali ya mankhwala okhala ndi estrogen,
• kubala mwana
• onenepa kwambiri
• matenda a chiwindi, momwe amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma asidi okhala ndi cholesterol mu bile (toxicosis, cysts, chiwindi, hepatitis, cirrhosis),
• pafupipafupi kapena pafupipafupi hypothermia,
• kumangokhala
• kudya kosayenera ndi fiber yosakwanira mu chakudya.

Ngati miyala mu ndulu isasokonezeka, ndikofunikira kudziwa njira zamankhwala. Itha kukhala yogwira ntchito, kulandira mankhwalawa kapenanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala achikhalidwe.

Miyala ya cholesterol

Amadziwika ndi chifukwa chomwe amapangidwira amakhala ndi 80% yazinthu zomwe zimapezeka mdzina lawo. Cholesterol imatha kulirira ngati kuchuluka kwa lecithin ndi asidi mu bile kumachepa. Zinthu ngati izi zitha kuchitika pamaso pa matenda otsatirawa:

• Matenda a chithokomiro.
• Matenda a shuga.
• Matenda a chiwindi.

Komanso, zofananazo zitha kuoneka ndi vuto la kuperewera kwa m'thupi (kufa ndi njala kapena kumwa kwambiri mafuta ndi mafuta) komanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira zakulera za mahomoni.

Kupangidwe kwa miyala yamtunduwu kumapezeka magawo anayi:

1. Kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol mu bile ndi kuchepa kwa izi mokhudza ma acid.
2. Mu chikhodzodzo, kusokonekera kwa zinsinsi zobisika zomwe chiwindi chimapangidwa.
3. Ma microcrystals a cholesterol amapangidwa.
4. Amamatirana, ndikupanga miyala.

Omaliza amakhala ndi mtundu wachikasu wobiriwira, wowonda kapena wowongoka, amatha kukhala angapo komanso osakwatiwa ndi akulu kuchokera 1 mpaka 3.4 cm.

Bilirubin mitundu yamiyala

Mu chikhodzodzo, amapangika kuchokera kuzomwe zimapanga hemoglobin. Izi zimaphatikizapo makamaka bilirubin. Maphunziro ake owonjezereka akuwonekera mu milandu yotsatirayi:

• kumwa mankhwala ena
• kuchepa magazi m'thupi,
• kuledzera
• matenda a autoimmune
• matenda osiyanasiyana.

Nthawi zambiri amakhala ang'ono (mpaka 10 mm), imvi, yakuda kapena yakuda. Amapangidwa zidutswa zochepa.

Miyala ndi miyala yosakanikirana

Zoyambazo zimapangidwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mchere wamkati mozungulira mabakiteriya, makhrusta ang'ono a cholesterol, maselo ofikira a epithelial. Amapangidwa nthawi yotupa mu khoma la gallbladder.

Mukamayala miyala ya bilirubin kapena cholesterol, miyala yosakanikirana imapangidwa, yomwe imakhala ndi gawo. Kupanga kwawo kumalumikizidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa njira yotupa mu khoma la gallbladder. Monga lamulo, ndizowona kwawo kwakukulu. Ndiwofasa komanso zochulukirapo.

Mitundu yamiyala yomwe ili ndulu ndizofunikira ndikusankha chithandizo chawo popanda opaleshoni.

Kupeza miyala m'makola

Zitha kupanga osati mu ndulu. Miyala mumiyala ya chiwalochi imapangidwa ngati yachiwiri. Nthawi zina amatha kupanga mwaiwo (monga oyamba). Zotsirizazo ndi zofiirira. Sekondale ikhoza kukhala cholesterol kapena kusakaniza.

Matenda otere amapezeka makamaka ku Asia, ndipo amatha kuwonekanso mwa anthu omwe adachitidwa opaleshoni ya cholecystectomy.

Kwenikweni, miyala mumiyala ya ndulu imathandizidwa ndi endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Kwa madipoziti okulirapo kuposa 15 mm, lithotripsy imagwiritsidwa ntchito.Pakukonzekera kwake, kuwononga ndi kuphwanya miyala kumachitika ndikuchotsa kwawo pambuyo pake pogwiritsa ntchito basket-endoscopic kapena baluni. Ngati njirazi sizothandiza, kulowererapo kwa opaleshoni kukuwonetsedwa.

Njira zamankhwala ndi opaleshoni yochizira matendawa

Kuthandizira miyala mu ndulu popanda kuchitidwa opaleshoni kumaphatikizapo kutenga othandizira omwe ali ndi ma asidi omwe amatha kusungunula calculi: "Henofalk", "Ursofalk", "Ursosan". Ngati bakiteriya atapezeka ndi matendawa, mankhwalawa amaperekedwa. Ma syndromes opweteka amatsitsimuka mothandizidwa ndi mankhwalawa:

Njira zochepa zowonongera zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito, atagwiritsidwa ntchito pomwe amasankha momwe angachotse miyala yaying'ono kuchokera ku ndulu, popeza pakukonzekera kwake, amaphwanyidwa.

Ndi chiwopsezo cha kupasuka kwa chiwalo kapena ma ducts, kuchuluka, cholecystitis yowonongeka, miyala ikuluikulu, ntchito akuwonetsedwa. Itha kuchitika ndi laparoscopic kapena laparotomy njira.

Nkhani ya m'modzi wa owerenga athu, Inga Eremina:

Kulemera kwanga kunali kovutitsa, ndimalemera ngati 3 sumo wrestler ophatikizidwa, omwe ndi 92kg.

Momwe mungachotsere kulemera kwathunthu? Kodi mungathane ndi kusintha kwa mahomoni ndi kunenepa kwambiri? Koma palibe chomwe chimasokoneza kapena chinyamata kwa munthu monga kuchuluka kwake.

Koma chochita kuti muchepetse kunenepa? Opaleshoni ya laser liposuction? Ndinazindikira - osachepera 5000 dollars. Njira zama Hardware - kutikita minofu ya LPG, cavitation, kukweza kwa RF, myostimulation? Zotsika mtengo zochepa - maphunzirowa amatenga ndalama zokwana ma ruble 80,000 ndi katswiri wazakudya zothandizira. Mutha kuyesa kuthamanga, mpaka kumisala.

Ndipo kupeza nthawi yonseyi? Inde komanso okwera mtengo kwambiri. Makamaka tsopano. Chifukwa chake, ndekha, ndidasankha njira ina.

Chithandizo cha anthu

Miyala yayikulu komanso yopanda singano singathe kuchotsedwa mwanjira imeneyi, chifukwa amatha kutseka njira ndikuiwononga. Chifukwa chake, musanalandire chithandizo, ndikofunikira kuti mugwiritse ntchito gallbladder.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito njira zina, muyenera kukumbukira kuti kutuluka kwa miyala kumalumikizidwa ndi syndromes zopweteka.

Zothandiza kwambiri ndi zida zotsatirazi:

1. Wosemedwa ku grated radish madzi amasakanizidwa ndi uchi mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1. Chidacho chimayamba kutengedwa molingana ndi lingaliro limodzi ndi chikho 1/3, pang'onopang'ono chimakwaniritsidwa, malinga ndi ena - 1 tbsp. l theka la ola musanadye.
2. Gwiritsani ntchito mafuta a azitona 1 tsp. Mphindi 30 asanadye. Pang'onopang'ono onjezerani kuchuluka kwa makapu 0,5.
3. Masipuni osenda bwino (nkhaka, beetroot, karoti) - 100 ml patsiku (iliyonse), miyala imatuluka masabata angapo.
4. Matumbo a nkhuku. Amatsukidwa mu filimuyo, kutsukidwa, zouma ndi nthaka, amatengedwa kwa 1 tsp. ola limodzi asanadye chakudya cham'mawa. Mutha kuwadzaza ndi madzi kapena mkaka watsopano kuchokera ku ng'ombe. Mukatha maphunziro a masiku 21, tengani masiku 20. Chiwerengero chawo chimadziwika ndi nthawi yomwe miyala imatuluka.
5. 1 tsp Siti yophika chimanga amathiridwa ndi 100 ml ya madzi otentha ndipo okalamba theka la ola osamba madzi. Pambuyo pa izi, kulowetsedwa kumasefedwa. Kenako, madzi owiritsa amawonjezeranso kwa buku lomwe linali loyambirira. Tengani 35 ml katatu patsiku.
6. 3 beets zapakati zimakhomedwa, kudulidwa ndikuwophika. Izi zimapitilira mpaka madzi mu thanki akuwoneka ngati madzi. Imwani katatu patsiku, 50 ml musanadye.

Kuphatikiza apo, ngati njira yothandizira miyala mu ndulu popanda kuchitidwa opaleshoni, mankhwala osiyanasiyana azitsamba ndi ma decoctions amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Kuchokera kumizu ya mpendadzuwa. 250 g akanadulidwa, kutsanulira 3 malita a madzi ozizira, kuyatsidwa moto. Bweretsani chithupsa. Pambuyo pake, siyani pamoto kwa mphindi zina zitatu, ozizira komanso fyuluta. Kenako amamwa kapu imodzi kanayi patsiku kwa miyezi iwiri.
• Mu 2 tbsp. l wosafa kuwonjezera makapu awiri a madzi owiritsa, musanazizire, kunena, kuphika tsiku lililonse, kutenga theka la voliyumu.
• Kupita 2 tbsp. l fennel, wokutidwa ndi thermos, kuwonjezera madzi otentha ndi kunena kwa masiku 5, phwando limachitika kwa mwezi umodzi mu kapu imodzi tsiku lililonse.
• Makungwa a juniper ophwanyidwa amathiridwa ndi madzi a 100 ml, chidebecho chimatsekedwa. Kuumirira masiku 15, kumwa 30 ml katatu patsiku musanadye.
• Masamba owuma a horseradish amaphwanyidwa kuti adzaze mtsuko wa lita imodzi, kutsanulira 0,5 l wa vodika, woyikidwa m'malo amdima kuti amalowetsedwe kwa masabata awiri. Tengani chamimba m'mawa 20 ml.

Ndi mapangidwe a calculi, muyenera kudya kumanja, chifukwa chake zomwe zimadyedwa ndi miyala mu ndulu ndizothandiza.

Pazakudya, muyenera kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zili ndi mitundu yambiri ya zomatira ndi mavitamini, fiber ndi pectin.

Chakudya chizikhala chopanda zina zowonjezera zamankhwala, zosungirako komanso zolemba.

Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito buckwheat, oatmeal, apricots ngati gwero la magnesium.

Kuchokera pazinthu zamkaka, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito tchizi chokhala ndi mafuta ochepa. Nyama ndi nkhuku ziyenera kukhala zazakudya. Gululi limaphatikizapo: kalulu, mutton wamafuta ochepa kapena nkhumba, chifuwa cha nkhuku chopanda khungu.

Mitundu yotsatira ya nyama ndi nsomba siyenera kudyedwa:

Sizoletsedwa kudya zophika wosenda, nkhaka, phwetekere, nyemba, sipinachi, sorelo, bowa. Ma compotes, ma jellies ndi mousses amatha kukonzedwa kuchokera ku zipatso zilizonse ndi zipatso, kupatula maapulo, zipatso za citrus, cranberries, mphesa, plums.

Osamamwa mowa. Mutha kukhala ndi tiyi wopanda mphamvu ndi khofi, misuzi yazipatso zatsopano, msuzi wa rosehip, odzola oatmeal.

Pomaliza

Mitundu yamiyala yomwe imayikidwa mu ndulu imatsimikiziridwa ndi ma pathologies m'thupi ndi mitundu yamagawo. Mankhwalawa amathanso kuthandizidwa mwachipatala. Kugwiritsa ntchito wowerengeka azitsamba kungayende limodzi ndi achire. Kutulutsa mwaluso kwamwala kumathandizidwa ndi chakudya No. 5.

Kuti mumvetsetse momwe mungachotsere gallstones, muyenera kudziwa zambiri za matendawa. Kukhalapo kwa calculus mu ndulu kapena ducts ya bile kumatanthauza kukula kwa matenda a ndulu. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusapeza bwino kagayidwe kapena bile.

Miyala yamtengo wapatali imapangidwa ndi mchere wa cholesterol kapena mchere wa bilirubin. Maphunziro ndiofala, amapezeka mwa munthu aliyense wachikhumi, mu ukalamba nthawi zambiri. Amakhala osiyanasiyana m'miyeso yosiyanasiyana yolingana ndi bile masentimita 20 (20mm) kukula mpaka miyala ikuluikulu yotalika masentimita 16 kapena kuposerapo.

Zomwe zimayambitsa ndikudziwikiratu

Zomwe zimadziwika zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a gallstone:

• Kuwona mu kagayidwe ndi mayendedwe a bile ndi mayamwidwe a calcium, bile pigment kapena cholesterol.
• Cholecystitis.
• Biliary dyskinesia.
• Kusasunthika kwa bile chifukwa cha ma pathologies osiyanasiyana (duodenal papilla, biliary thirakiti).

Zina zomwe zimakonzedweratu ndi izi:

• Zokhudza kugonana.
• Kulemera kwambiri kwa thupi.
• Pafupipafupi mimba.
• Chithandizo cha estrogen.
• Makamaka.
• Zakudya zopanda pake ndi mafuta ambiri.
• Zakudya zopatsa mphamvu.
• Matenda ena (hemolysis, shuga, cirrhosis, matenda a Crohn ndi ena).
• Opaleshoni ya Laparotomy.

Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zopewera

Kodi odwala ayenera kuyembekeza chiyani pambuyo pake?

Ngati wodwala watchulidwa kuti amuchotsetse ndulu kapena mwala uliwonse mu ndulu, matendawo amapezeka bwino.

Nthawi zambiri, mapangidwe a miyala samachitika mtsogolo.

Kuti muchepetse vutoli ndikuchepetsa chiwopsezo cha ma gallstones, muyenera kutsatira malangizowa:

1. kuchepetsa kudya zamafuta ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, sankhani zakudya zamafuta ochepa. Pewani zakudya zamafuta, zamafuta ndi zowotcha,
2. Pewani zakudya ndi zakumwa zomwe zimadziwika kuti zimayambitsa matenda otsekula m'mimba, kuphatikizapo zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, zamkaka kwambiri zamafuta, komanso zakudya zotsekemera kwambiri.
3. mutha kudya zakudya zingapo zingapo patsiku. Zakudya zazing'ono ndizosavuta kugaya
4. kumwa madzi okwanira. Izi ndi pafupifupi magalasi 6 mpaka 8 patsiku.

Komabe muyenera kuchepa thupi pang'onopang'ono. Kuchepetsa thupi mwachangu kumatha kuwonjezera mwayi wokhala ndimatumbo ndi mavuto ena azaumoyo Ngati njira zina zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuthana ndi miyala, mwachitsanzo, mankhwala, mawonekedwe a cholesterol angabwerenso. Ngakhale muzochitika pomwe wodwalayo adamwa mankhwala kuti athetse miyala ya gallstones. Zomwezo pamene miyala ya cholesterol ilipo koma osayambitsa zizindikiro safuna chithandizo.

Kuti zisachulukane komanso kuti zisayambitse mavuto, tikulimbikitsidwa kusintha moyo wawo.

Maphunziro azachipatala

Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amakhala asymptomatic. Pang'onopang'ono, ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwerengera, odwala amayamba kusokoneza mawonetsedwe:

• Kupindika kupweteka kwa epigastrium kumanja, kosiyana mwamphamvu.
• Kumva kuwawa lilime.
• Kusanza, kusanza, kuphwanya.
• Hyperthermia.
• Madera achikasu a pakhungu ndi sclera.

Mawonekedwe a biliary colic

Vutoli nthawi zambiri limatsatizana ndi ma gallstones. Colic amadziwika ndi kupweteka kwambiri kosaletseka mbali yakumanja. Ululu umatsogozedwa ndi cholakwika mu zakudya kapena kugwedezeka.

Ululuwu ndi waukulu kwambiri mpaka wodwalayo akulephera kupeza malo abwino. Colic imatha kutsagana ndi kusanza, ngati kutukusira kumayamba ndulu, malungo amayamba.

Kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala

Panjira iyi, mankhwalawa okhala ndi ursodeoxycholic ndi chenodeoxycholic acids amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zinthu zimasungunitsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, njira imagwiritsidwa ntchito miyala ikakhala yaying'ono (4-16 mm). Mukamasankha njira, kuuma kwa ndulu kuyenera kukhala kwabwinobwino.

Mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kuyambira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mpaka zaka ziwiri moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala. Nthawi zambiri, njira zimathandizira, koma matendawa amatha kuonekeranso. Popewa kuyambiranso, muyenera kupitiliza kumwa mankhwala ochepa.

Akutetemera Wave Lithotripsy

Njira yake idapangidwa kuti igawe mwala waukulu mu chikhodzodzo mu ndulu zazing'ono zambiri, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi njira yapita. Gawo loyamba ndikuphwanya miyala yayikulu. Chachiwiri ndi kupasuka kwa mankhwala pazidutswa zing'onozing'ono zomwe zidayamba.

Mankhwala obvuta a nthotripsy amadzala ndi zoopsa zambiri; munthawiyo, ndulu ya bile imatha kutsekeka kapena chikhodzodzo chitha kuwonongeka. Pakufunika kuchitapo kanthu opaleshoni.

Mankhwala othandizira

Mankhwala okhwima akagwiriridwa kapena osathandiza, lingaliro lofunika pakuchita opareshoni. Opaleshoni ya Endoscopic nthawi zambiri imachitidwa kudzera kutseguka pang'ono kwa laparoscopic. Zochita zimathandizira pang'onopang'ono, osasiya zipsera zazikulu, ndizotsika mtengo ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kwambiri ndi hernias.

Ndikothekanso kuchotsa miyala kapena thovu kwathunthu ndi Calculator. Nthawi zambiri chiwalo chimachotsedwa, zovuta za metabolic sizitha, miyala imatha kuwonekanso. Ngati mwalawo ndi waukulu, ndikuwonetsa zina (zomata, kunenepa kwambiri, pakati), opaleshoni yotseguka ya laparotomy imachitika.

Postcholecystectomy syndrome

Opaleshoniyo amathandiza odwala ambiri, kawirikawiri (kawiri mwa khumi) pamakhala zotsatira za chithandizo kapena zotsalira zomwe sizinathere pambuyo pa opaleshoni, zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi dzina la postcholecystectomy syndrome. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Zilonda zam'mimba zomwe sizimalumikizana ndi ndulu (zovuta mu sphincter ya Oddi, kuwerengetsa kwa wamba bile duct).
• Matenda a postoperative (adhesions, hernias, kuwonongeka kwa ma ducts a bile, mapangidwe a miyala mu chitsa cha chikhodzodzo, ndi ena).
• Matenda omwe adayamba chifukwa cha miyala ya bile, koma osayimitsidwa atachitidwa opaleshoni (biliary pancreatitis, hepatitis).

Chithandizo chosankhidwa bwino chimabweretsa mpumulo ku matendawa, pazizindikiro zoyambirira zamatumbo, muyenera kufunafuna thandizo kuchipatala.

Ngati munthu ali ndi chizolowezi chopanga miyala munthaka kapena m'mabowo amachitika, koma amachotsedwa, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti azitsatira zakudya zapadera. Idyani nthawi zambiri (6 times in bitches) m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Ndi zakudya zamtunduwu, kutulutsa kwa bile kudzera pa duodenal papilla kumalimbikitsidwa nthawi zonse, chinsinsi chake sichimayenda. Ngati gawo lalikulupo, mphamvu ya ndulu imachulukana, komwe pamaso pa Calculator kungayambitse kutupa.

Chakudyacho chimayenera kukhala chokwanira, chodzaza ndi michere, mavitamini ndi michere. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yochepa yamafuta a nyama ndi nsomba zam'nyanja, zakudya zamafuta ochepa, mafuta amkaka, makamaka oat ndi buckwheat, zakudya zamasamba (zipatso, masamba, zitsamba, zipatso zouma), zakumwa za zipatso, timadziti, madzi amchere. Sikulimbikitsidwa kudya mafuta, yokazinga, zakudya zonunkhira, zakudya zokhala ndi caffeine wambiri, nyama zosuta, zakudya zamzitini, adyo, nkhaka, nyemba.

Kupewa

Ngati zinthu zotsogola zakhazikitsidwa, muyenera kutsatira malamulowo:

• Sungani boma lolondola ndi zakudya (zolongosoledwa m'nkhaniyi).
• Muzikhala ndi thupi labwino pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso zakudya.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amasintha kagayidwe kachakudya mu bile.
• Kufunafuna nthawi yachipatala ngati zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa zimachitika.
• Osadzilimbitsa, musamamwe mankhwala a choleretic nokha. Pakumva ululu waukulu, amaloledwa kutenga piritsi la no-shpa kapena antispasmodic yofanana.

Chinsinsi cha cholelithiasis

Chikhodzodzo ndi chiwalo chomwe chili ndi bile lopangidwa ndi ma cell a chiwindi. Miyala yonyansa imatha kuwoneka mu limba, njira zake, chiwindi, mzere wake. Mitunduyi ndi yosiyanasiyana pakupanga, voliyumu ndi mawonekedwe ake. The harbinger wa cholelithiasis ndi wosapanda cholecystitis - exacerbation kapena ulesi njira yotupa mu chiwalo. Zikakhala conco, timiyala tomweyo sitingathe kuwoneka mu ndulu ya pepalomo. Pali malo pomwe miyala idayamba kupanga, koma chifukwa cha kukula kwawo kochepa, miyala ya X-ray yosaoneka ngakhale pa ma X-ray.

Makristalo a cholesterol amakhala ngati nyumba yomangira calculi, mchere wamakilogalamu ambiri.

Matenda omwe amapweteketsedwa ndi miyala ya miyala mu ndulu ndi chinthu chofala kwambiri. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda matendawa timayamba chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, kudya zakudya zowonjezera zomwe nyama zimachokera.

Njira yaunamwino ndi cholecystitis

Njira ya unamwino mu matenda a gallstone imaphatikizapo: kuphunzira za etiology ndi zinthu zoyambitsa, kukhazikitsidwa kwa chithunzi cha matenda, kuzindikira, chithandizo ndi kupewa. Gawani magawo akuluakulu a chisamaliro chachikulu chamankhwala, maluso a namwino mukamasamalira odwala omwe akudwala.

Zizindikiro ndi kuphatikizika kwa miyala

Mudziwa bwanji za kukhalapo kwa miyala mu ndulu? Nthawi zambiri matendawa amapitilira mosawerengeka, chipatala cha ndulu sichitha kwazaka zambiri. Kuwonetsera kwa zizindikiro kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mitundu, kuchuluka kwake ndi malo.

Zizindikiro za matenda a ndulu:

1. Colic m'dera la chiwindi komanso pansi pa nthiti kumanja.
2. Mkhalidwe wodwalayo womwe umasandulika kusanza.
3. Kuwawa pamlomo wamkamwa, kutulutsa kokwanira kambiri kuchokera mkamwa.
4. Kudzimbidwa kumachitika, kutsekula m'mimba, kumayambitsa kutsegula m'mimba, matumbo amatupa, ndowe zimakhala zopanda utoto, pafupifupi zoyera.
5. Kumva kufooka.
6. Kutentha kwa thupi kumakwera.
7. Matendawa amapezeka.

Zomwe zimawonekera ngati woyamba chizindikiro

Ululu chifukwa chamiyala umachitika chifukwa cha kupindika kwa minofu, kukomoka kwa ndulu ndi ngalande, kapena kupindika kwa makoma a ziwalo chifukwa cha bile.

Kupweteka kwambiri kumayendera limodzi ndi kayendedwe kamiyala m'matumbu, kumapangitsa kutsekeka.Kutsekeka kwathunthu, chiwindi chimakulirakulira, kupweteka kwa pakhungu kumawonekera m'mbali mwa nthiti, chikasu cha pakhungu ndi zotchingira m'maso, ndowe zimataya khungu, kutentha thupi, munthu amatuluka thukuta, amakhala ndi malungo, ndipo amakomoka.

Milandu akufotokozedwa pamene mwala utuluka wokha, kuukira kumayima. Ngati chiwembucho ndi chachikulu kapena miyala yaying'ono imadziunjikana mu ndulu, ndikofunikira kuchitidwa opaleshoni yodwala.

Matendawa amaphatikizidwa ndi kusanza komwe kumayambira ndi ma biliary inclusions. Sichikhala chophweka pambuyo kusanza, zimachitika pamlingo wa Reflex ndipo zimakhala zotsatira zakukwiyitsika mu duodenum.

Kukweza kutentha kumawonetsa matenda opatsirana a ndulu, kusowa kudya ndi kutopa kosalekeza kumadziwika kuti ndi abwenzi.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji ngati muli ndi miyala yazitsulo?

Ma gallstones amatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, cholesterol yowonjezereka komanso ma pathologies ena, Zizindikiro za matendawa nthawi zambiri zimakhala palibe.

Simungakayikire kuti muli nawo ma gallstones kupatula apo, samadzionetsera.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kupezeka kwawo zimakhala zopanda zakudya. Tiyeni tiwone momwe angazindikire mu nthawi, kapena bwino,, kuti tipewe kuwonekera.

Zizindikiro za gallstones

Kodi miyala yamtengo wapatali ndi iti? Izi ndi makhiristo olimba omwe amadziunjikira ndikuletsa ntchito zoyambira za chiwalochi. Amayamba makamaka chifukwa cha kusintha kwamapangidwe a bile, matenda, ma pathologies ang'onoang'ono kuti atulutse ndulu, komanso chifukwa cha mafuta m'thupi komanso kuperewera kwa m'thupi m'thupi.

Pomaliza, ambiri amayenera kuchita opareshoni kuti achotse miyala kapena chikhodzodzo. Zikuwonekeratu kuti ndikoyenera kuchita chilichonse chotheka kuti usabweretse izi. Chifukwa chake, tikukudziwitsani ku zizindikiritso zazikulu za matenda awa.

Madokotala amati mu 40% ya milandu, imayamba popanda zizindikiro. Komabe, ndi bwino kuzidziwa.

Zowawa zimawoneka mwadzidzidzi ndipo zimakhalapo kwakanthawi. Amakhala wapadera kumtunda kwakumanja kapena pakati pa masamba. Kupweteka kumeneku kumachitika panthawi yomwe mwala umayamba kusuntha ndikutseka zitseko za bile.

2. kutulutsa

Musachite mantha. Zachidziwikire kuti aliyense amatulutsa nthawi ndi nthawi, ndipo nthawi zambiri sizikuonetsa kuti muli ndi vuto. Ndipo khalani ndi chidwi ndi izi zikakuchitikirani.

Pafupifupi tsiku lililonse? Nthawi zonse mukatha kudya? Ngati imadzibwereza yokha, komanso, pali zizindikiro zina zotchulidwa apa, muyenera kuganizira mozama.

5. Sinthani mawonekedwe a ndowe ndi mkodzo

Kumbukilani kuti bile limadziunjikira mu ndulu, yomwe imathandiza thupi kuyamwa mafuta. Ngati mavuto abwera pamenepo ndipo miyala imalepheretsa kukoka kwa bile, kusinthasintha kwazomwe zimagwira ntchito m'makina ndi m'mimba zowonongeka kumasokonezedwa. Facks amakhala zambiri zopepuka komanso zonona. Mkodzo, m'malo mwake, ndi wakuda. Ndikofunikira kulabadira izi.

Momwe mungasamalire chikhodzodzo

Ngati muli ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali, zakudya zoyenera sizithandiza kuzisungunula. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kufunsa dokotala yemwe anganene zoyenera kuchita komanso ngati opareshoniyo ikufunika.

Koma ngati palibe zizindikiro za matendawa, muyenera kuyesa kupewa kuti zisachitike komanso kutsatira malangizo omwe atsatirawa. Ndiwothandiza pamilandu 60%:

• Musanagone komanso mutagona, tengani supuni ya mafuta azitona ndi madontho atatu a mandimu. Mankhwalawa amateteza ndipo amatsuka bwino ndulu.
• Tchire lachilengedwe ndi msuzi wa apulo Chothandiza kwambiri pa chikhodzodzo. Ndi bwino kumamwa pakudya chamadzulo. Ndikwabwino kutenga apulosi 1 wobiriwira ndi sing'anga 1 beets. Onjezerani kapu yamadzi ku madziwo. Imwani msuziwu katatu pa sabata.
• Chofufumitsa cha Brewer's: Mutha kuwaphatikiza ndi ma smoothies kapena timadziti. Ali ndi inositol yambiri, yomwe imateteza bwino ndulu ndi chiwindi.

Ndipo kumbukirani kuti muyenera kuuza dokotala za zizindikiro zilizonse. Amatha kukulemberani mayeso ofunikira, mayeso ndi thandizo lawo kuti adziwe ngati muli ndi mayeso kapena ayi.

Momwe mungadziwire mawonekedwe a mwala mu ndulu

Okondedwa owerenga, lero tikambirana ngati zingatheke kuchiritsa ma galoni popanda opaleshoni ndikuchotsa. Mwinanso, pamene anthu akukumana ndi vutoli, funso loyamba limafunsidwa motere: "Kodi mungapewe bwanji ntchito kuti muchotse ndulu, ndikotheka kuchita kanthu"? Ndimapereka pansi kwa dokotala Eugene Snegir, yemwe akutsogolera gawo lino.

Matenda a ndulu akapezeka ndipo dokotalayo amalimbikira laparoscopic cholecystectomy , ndiye nthawi zonse komanso mwa odwala onse funso lomwelo limabuka m'mutu: ndizotheka Chithandizo cha ndulu popanda opaleshoni? Tiyesetsa kuyankha funsoli moyenerera.

Kumayambiriro kwa zokambirana, timasamala kwambiri za malingaliro a anthanthi.

Chifukwa chake, mwachidule. Chikhodzodzo nduluchosungira ndikusunga bile lomwe limapangidwa m'chiwindi. Bili ndilofunikira chimbudzi, zimathandizira kutsitsa mafuta azakudya kuti athandize kuti mayamwa azigwira bwino ntchito. Ndi kuphwanya kwa mankhwala a bile, amayamba lithogenicity - kuthekera kupanga miyala. Mchere wamchere umayamba kukhazikika ndipo miyala imapangika ndulu.

Mitundu yamiyala yamiyala.

Malinga ndi kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chinthu china chake, miyala ikhoza kukhala cholesterol, bilirubin, calcareous ndi osakanikirana. Kwa munthu wophweka wopanda maphunziro azachipatala, izi popanda chidziwitso chilichonse ndizokwanira kumvetsetsa limagwirira kupanga mapangidwe miyala mu ndulu .

Njira yosinthira yothandiza munthu kamodzi kokha ndikuchotsa chikhodzodzo cha ndulu ndi miyala, i.e. pereka cholecystectomy , zomwe takambirana kale mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhani ya Opaleshoni yochotsa ndulu. Ngati opareshoniyo sanachitike ndipo chikhodzodzo chatsalira. Ndiye chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuchotsa miyala pachitukuko cha ndulu m'njira inayake. Izi ndizomveka. Zitachitika izi, miyala ndiyofunika kusungunuka kwathunthu kapena kuphwanyidwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono kuti tikalowe mu duodenum kuchokera ku ndulu kudzera mumiyendo ya bile ndikusiya thupilo m'njira yachilengedwe ndi ndowe. Umu ndi momwe zilili.

Kusintha kwa miyala yamiyala.

Tiyeni tikambirane njira yoyamba zochizira matenda a ndulu popanda opaleshoni - kuvunda kwa miyala . Poyamba, tikuzindikira mwachangu kuti mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala kuphera miyala ya cholesterol yokha ndi yomwe ingapezeke. Ngati calcium ions imaphatikizidwa pazomwe zimapangidwa, ndipo zambiri mwazosankha izi, ndiye sizingathandize kuthetsa miyala.

Momwe mungadziwire kapangidwe ka miyala mu ndulu?

Njira zotsatirazi zitithandiza pankhaniyi.

1. Chosavuta kwambiri ndi cha radiology ( mkamwa cholecystography ) Imwani mankhwala a radiopaque, imwani x-ray. Miyala ya cholesterol ndi X-ray hasi - sitidzawaona m'chithunzichi. Koma ndikuwunika kwa ndulu, miyala yonse, mosasamala mawonekedwe ake, imawoneka bwino. Ine.e. ngati dokotala akuwona miyala ya ultrasound, ndipo kulibe miyala pa x-ray, mutha kuzindikira kuti miyala yomwe ili mu ndulu ndi cholesterol.
2. Njira yosasangalatsa kwambiri yodwala ndikumamveka kwa duodenal (kumveka kwa duodenum kuti mupeze mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bile). Wodwalayo ameza probe wapadera ndi maolivi. Mapeto a kafukufukuyu adzakhala mu duodenum, bile yomwe tisonkhanitsire idzachoka pompo. Njira imakuthandizani kuti muwadziwe bwino momwe amapangira bile kuchokera ku chikhodzodzo ndikuti mumvetsetse za miyala yomwe adapangidwapo.

Chifukwa chake, ngati tazindikira kuti miyala yathu ndi cholesterol yokhayokha, kukula kwake sikokwanira kwambiri, kutalika kwa matendawa ndikochepa, ndiye kuti mutha kuyesera kuti muwasungunule - kumwa mankhwala a izi. Ogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri ursodeoxycholic acid (mankhwala Ursosan ) ndi chenodeoxycholic acid (mankhwala Henofalk ).

Koma pali chinthu chimodzi chofunikira kwambiri. Ngakhale mankhwalawa atathandizira komanso miyala ikhoza kusungunuka, palibe amene angatsimikizire kuti miyala iyi siyipanganso nthawi imeneyo. Ndipo kamodzinso kadzakhala kofunikira kumwa mankhwala, yesani kusungunula miyala yomwe idapangidwa kumene. Popeza mtengo wokwera kwambiri wa mankhwalawa komanso kusowa kwachidziwitso chotsimikizika, ndizokayikitsa kwambiri kuti njira iyi ndiyo yofunika kwambiri pothandizira matenda a ndulu.

Kusintha kwa njirayi ndi percutaneous transhepatic cholelapataysis mankhwala opukutira mwala atabayidwa mwachindunji mu chikhodzodzinso kudzera mu catheter woyikiratu khungu ndi minyewa ya chiwindi. Njira imakuthandizani kuti musungunike miyala ya cholesterol yokha, komanso mitundu ina yonse yamiyala. Koma kachiwiri, palibe amene angatsimikizire kuti miyala siidzapanganso. Ndipo tsopano, muyenera "kuyeretsa kuwira" nthawi zonse? Zindikirani, owerenga anga okondedwa, kuti chikhodzodzo sindicho mkati mwagalimoto, "changa, sindikuchifuna," chikhala chovuta kwambiri mthupi.

Eya, lingalirolo siloyamikira kusungunula miyala, ndiye mwina muyese kuwaphwanya? Miyala yosweka ya impso, ndipo imathandiza? Inde, taganizirani izi.

Kubowola miyala mu chikhodzodzo.

Chifukwa cha kupwanya miyala mu chikhodzodzo extracorporeal mantha wave lithotripsy . Chinsinsi cha njirayo ndikupanga mafunde owopsa mu lumen ya ndulu ndikuwayang'ana pamiyala, chifukwa chomwe kupsinjika kumatheka - kugawa miyala kukhala tizidutswa tating'ono, kukula kwa mamilimita 4-8.

Khalidwe

Mbale ya munthu wathanzi ndimadzimadzi, imatha kupanga miyala. Zowopsa zomwe zimakhudza kayendedwe ka ndulu:

• Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol mumadzi a bile.
• Kuvuta pakumwedwa kwa bile, kuphatikizika kwa chikhodzodzo.
• Kulowa kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kulowa ndulu.

Chikhalidwe cha matenda a ndulu ndi:

1. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta m'thupi.
2. Kuchepa kwa ntchito kwa chiwindi, limodzi ndi kuphatikizidwa kwa bile acid.
3. Kunenepa kwambiri.
4. Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali mapiritsi othandizira kubereka.
5. Kukhalapo kwa matenda ena.

Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe kutuluka ndi kusayenda kwa bile kumasokonezekera. Izi zikuluzikulu ndi: kusakhazikika bwino m'mitsempha ya bile, kukhathamiritsa, kuchitira opaleshoni m'mimba, kuchepa thupi kwa munthu, kutenga pakati, kuperewera kwa zakudya pambuyo pobereka, kutopa thupi chifukwa cha njala, kuchepa thupi kwambiri. Kusunthika kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa ma ducts chifukwa chakumata, kutupira, kupendekera kapena kupindika kwa chikhodzodzo, kumachitika kwa neoplasms.

Gawo la matenda a ndulu

Pali magawo atatu a matenda amwala.

• Yoyamba, yomwe pamakhala gawo la bile lomwe limapangidwa ndi chiwindi limasokonezeka, kulowera kwa cholesterol.
• Gawo lachiwiri limaphatikizapo kupangidwa kwa timiyala tomwe timayang'ana kumbuyo kwa cholesterol yochulukirapo komanso kusayenda bwino kwa bile.
• Chachitatu ndi kupangidwa kwa zovuta pakatikati pa matenda a ndulu.

Mitundu yamaphunziro

Muzochita zachipatala, mitundu iwiri yamapangidwe amiyala imasiyanitsidwa: yoyamba komanso yachiwiri. Mlandu woyamba umakhudza kupangidwe kwa calculi mu bile ducts yachilengedwe mu mawonekedwe a kuphwanya kapangidwe ka madzi a bile, pomwe mawonekedwe sawoneka kwa nthawi yayitali. Mlandu wachiwiri, timiyala timapangika pakakhala zovuta kutulutsa ndulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ndi cholestasis, kuchuluka kwa madzi mu bile, komanso slagging a bile ducts.

Kutengera ndi kapangidwe kake, mwala womwe umayang'aniridwa umatha kukhala wopangika kapena wovuta, wopangidwa ndi nucleolus (bilirubin), thupi ndi kutumphuka. Zomwe zimapangidwira zimaphatikizira: zotupa za ntchofu, mafuta m'thupi, zinthu zakunja.

Kutengera ndi kapangidwe kazomwe zimapangidwira, zimasiyanitsa: cholesterol, limestone, pigment ndi multicomponent. Mwakuchita,, zamitundu yambiri zimapambana, zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri.

Mwapangidwe, miyala imagawidwa kukhala: crystalline kapena layered, hardened or waxy.

Kukula kwamiyala kumasiyana pamakala osiyanasiyana kuchokera pa millimeter, pomwe munthu amatha kukhala popanda lingaliro la kukhalapo kwa inclusions, mpaka masentimita. Zambiri zimadziwika kuti mwala waukulu utapezeka mu bubble, wotambasula chiwalo ndikukhala malo. Miyala mpaka 1 cm imawonedwa ngati yaying'ono, yapakatikati - 1-2 cm, yayikulu - miyala yayikulu. Nthawi zambiri, miyala kuchokera ku 0.1 mpaka 5 cm amapezeka.

Kuopsa kwa matenda a ndulu ndi zovuta. Izi zikuphatikiza: kuchulukitsa cholecystitis, kutsekereza njira zomwe zimachotsa madzi amadzimadzi, matenda, kusungunuka kwa bile, kulowetsedwa kwa bile m'matumbo ndikukula kwa kutsekeka, kukula kwa neoplasms.

Kuzindikira matendawa

Kuti mumvetse bwino matenda a gallstone, kuwunika kwa ultrasound ndi endoscopic kumachitika. Miyala yayikulu imatsimikiziridwa ndi palpation. Njira ya ultrasound imatsimikizira kuchuluka, kukula ndi malo amiyala, mkhalidwe wa kuwira.

Ngati kuli kovuta kudziwa bwinobwino, njira yogwiritsira ntchito cholecystography imagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuphatikizapo kuwunika kwa x-ray pambuyo podyera njira inayake yosiyanitsa, kafukufuku wa X-ray wophatikizidwa ndi endoscopy.

Njira zochiritsa

Njira yakuchiritsira, yomwe imapereka mwayi wopulumutsa chikhodzodzo ndi matumbu, kuti ayeretse, imaphatikizapo:

1. Mankhwala othandizira miyala ndi mankhwala.
2. Kuchiritsa, kulola kuchotsa miyala ndi akupanga kapena laser.
3. Mpata wotsuka miyala ndi njira yotsitsira.

Kuthetsa Mankhwala

Tanthauzo la njirayi: chikhodzodzo cha slagged adapangira kuyeretsa mankhwala omwe amatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ya bile ndikuwonjezera zomwe zili asidi.

Chithandizo chofananacho chimaperekedwa pomwe cholesterol ndi gawo lofunikira la miyala. Mitunduyi ndi yaying'ono, tubules ndiyosakhalitsa ndipo imatha kukhazikika bwinobwino. Njira contraindicated matenda a m'matumbo ndi impso.

Mankhwalawa ndiwotalikirapo, pafupifupi zaka ziwiri. Mlingo amawerengedwa payekhapayekha kwa wodwala. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumayang'aniridwa ndikuwunika kwa ultrasound. Amapangidwa kuti azitsogolera moyo woyenera, kupewa mapangidwe amiyala.

Kupatula kwakukulu kwa njira ndikubwezeretsanso matendawa kumapeto kwa maphunzirowo. Kuyimitsa kayendedwe ka mankhwala mthupi kumatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa cholesterol mu bile. Kuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ndikosayenera, kudya pafupipafupi kwa Mlingo wofunikira ndikofunikira.

Mankhwala othandizira

Potsutsana ndi miyala yomwe ili mumtondo amalimbana ndikuphwanya ndi kugwedezeka kwamphamvu. Akupanga mafunde akuphwanya miyala kukhala zidutswa, zomwe zimadutsa njira kudzera mu duodenum.

Mwanjira yothandiza, njirayi imathandizidwa ndi woyamba: kuthekera kochotsa ziwalo zosweka mwa kumwa mankhwala kutsimikiza. Njira yophwanya laser imagwira ntchito mofananamo.

Njira imawonetsedwa kwa omwe ali ndi miyala yayikulu mpaka itatu popanda zoipitsa kapena imodzi yayikulu. Nthawi zambiri ndalama za 1-7. Mankhwalawa amaletsedwa ndi kusayenda bwino kwa magazi, matenda ammero.

Njira zina zochizira ma gallstones

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti chithandizo cha matendawa ndikuchotsa zizindikiro ziyenera kuchitika moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala.

Izi ndizofunikira makamaka ngati wodwala ali ndi zovuta.

Izi zikuyenera kukumbukiridwa pakagwiritsidwe ntchito ka njira zina zochiritsira.

Pali njira zambiri zochizira cholesterol gallstones popanda opaleshoni:

• Kuyeretsa ndulu. Pali njira yomwe odwala amatha kuphatikiza mafuta a azitona, msuzi ndi zitsamba kwa masiku awiri kapena kuposerapo. Panthawi imeneyi, sayenera kudya kapena kumwa chilichonse koma osakaniza ndi mafuta. Koma kusakaniza kungakhale koopsa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga komanso a hypoglycemia. Ndikofunika kuti musavumbulutse thupi njira zosatsimikizika zamankhwala popanda kufunsa dokotala.
• Madzi apulo kapena viniga. Anthu ena amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kuchiza ma gallstones. Amakhulupirira kuti amatha kusinthanitsa miyala yamtengo wapatali. Komabe, kafukufuku wasayansi wotsimikizira kudzinenera kumeneku kulibe. Kumwa madzi ambiri a zipatso kumatha kukhala zovulaza ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga, hypoglycemia, zilonda zam'mimba komanso zina za matenda am'mimba.
• Mapeyala Chipatsochi chimadzetsa mpumulo mu zowawa ndi zizindikiro zina za matenda a gallstone. Ma pectin omwe amapezeka mumtengowo amathandizira kuti muchepetse miyala ya cholesterol, ndipo iwonso, imatsukidwa mosavuta m'thupi.
• Mafuta a Castor. Izi zili ndi zinthu zambiri zabwino komanso zochiritsa. Itha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa calculi ndikuchotsa ululu. Komanso, mafuta ali ndi zinthu zotsutsa-kutupa. Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti mafuta othandizira a castor ali ndi zotsatira zabwino pamitsempha yamathupi ndi chitetezo cha m'thupi.
• Yoga Amakhulupirira kuti yoga imathandizira kuthetsa zina mwazizindikiro zomwe zimakhudzana ndi ma gallstones, koma palibe umboni wa sayansi wotsimikizira kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa yoga kuchitira gallstones.

Ngati mutsatira malingaliro onse a dokotala ndikuyamba kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi, mutha kuthana ndi matenda monga kupangika kwa chikhodzodzo. Zithandizanso kupewa kudziwikanso mtsogolo. Muyenera kuyang'anira zakudya zanu nthawi zonse ndikudziwa zakudya zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri muzakudya zanu.

Ndi miyala iti yomwe imasungunuka mu ndulu yomwe ingasungunuke ikufotokozedwa mu kanema mu nkhaniyi.