Thandizo loyamba pamavuto oopsa kwambiri: kuyambika kwa zochita pakamenyedwe

Chithandizo cha zovuta:

Corinfar (nifedipine) - 10-20 mg pansi pa lilime

Captopril - 25-50 mg pansi pa lilime

Clonidine (clonidine) - 0,075-0.15 mg pansi pa lilime

Carvedilol - 25 mg pansi pa lilime

Mukamayimitsa vuto losavuta, kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa magazi sikulimbikitsidwa.

Chithandizo cha zovuta:

Enalaprilat 1.25 mg IV (wosankhidwa pachilichonse kumanzere kwamitsempha yamagazi kulephera)

Beta-adrenergic blockers othandizira (Esmolol - 10 ml (100 mg) mu mtsempha) wokhala ndi mbali ya aortic aneurysm ndi pachimake coronary syndrome

Diuretics (lasix-furosemide 40-80 mg mu mtsempha) pachilichonse kumanzere kwamitsempha yamagazi

Ganglion blockers (pentamine 5% kapena benzohexonium 2.5% - 0,5 -1 ml mu pang'onopang'ono kapena intramuscularly)

Sodium nitroprusside 50 mg pa 200 ml ya shuga% 5% mu mu kapu. - Mankhwala kusankha kwa matenda oopsa a encephalopathy

Kukonzekera kwa Nitroglycerin (perlinganite 0,1% - 10 ml iv drip pa 200 ml ya solution ya saline (5% glucose) kapena isoket 0.1% - 10 ml iv drip pa 200 ml ya solution ya saline (5% glucose) - Amakonda ACS ndi pachimake kwamanzere pang'onopang'ono kusakwanira, 2-3 kuthilira pamlomo wamkati ndi isocket kapena nitroglycerin ndikotheka kumasula zovuta.

Mukamaletsa zovuta, musachepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi osaposa 30% ya mtengo woyambira (kupatula wa aortic aneurysm).

Kodi vuto la matenda oopsa ndi lotani

Uku ndikuwopseza kuwonjezeka kwambiri kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, nthawi zina popanda chifukwa. Chizindikiro cha tonometer sichitha kuwonetsa chizindikiro chovutikira, koma kuphwanya mbali ya thupi ndikuwonekeratu - kupezeka kwa zizindikiro zamtima, dongosolo lamanjenje lakukwiya, kugunda kwa mseru komanso kusanza. Ndikofunikira kuyimba ambulansi, ndipo madokotala akafika, atumizireni kuchipatala. Cholinga chachikulu ndikubwezeretsa magazi kukhala abwinobwino, kuti musabwezere m'mbuyo.

Kodi vuto limakhala chiyani?

Musanaphunzire mwatsatanetsatane momwe zinthu zimakhalira pachithunzi chachipatala chotere, ndikofunikira kuti mumvetsetse zomwe zovuta zimayenderana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu ziwonekere. Zomwe zimayambitsa kukanikizidwa kwakukulu ndizovuta kwambiri, kwinaku ndikuphimba zakunja ndi zamkati za moyo wa munthu. Poyamba, tikukamba:

• mavuto
• zolimbitsa thupi
• lekani kumwa antihypertensive mankhwala,
• kugwira ntchito kwambiri
• kusintha kwa nyengo
• chibadwa
• zopatsa thanzi (mchere wambiri, khofi, mafuta ndi zonunkhira).

Ngati tizingolankhula za pathogenic factor, ndiye kuti thandizo loyambirira la kuchipatala lomwe limaperekedwa nthawi yoyenera ndi vuto la matenda oopsa lingafunike ngati:

• matenda a impso amakhala
• matenda matenda a mtima,
• pali endocrine pathologies - mavuto a chithokomiro
• pali osteochondrosis wamchiberekero vertebrae,
• matenda amanjenje amayambira.

Zoyenera kuchita kunyumba

Kuti muchepetse zovuta, muyenera kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu, simungathe kuchita popanda kumwa mankhwala ena ake. Kwa arrhythmias, kupweteka mutu, tachycardia ndi angina, chinthu choyamba muyenera kuchita ndi kuyitanira ambulansi, ndikumapatsa wodwalayo mwayi wokhala ndi mpweya wabwino mthupi. Musanapatse mankhwala omwe akhudzidwa ndi dokotala, pali kufunika koti muyeze kuthamanga kwa magazi pogwiritsa ntchito tonometer. Malangizo ena akatswiri aperekedwa pansipa:

1. Ndipo amafunika kumuyika wodwalayo pansi, kumuchotsa zovala, ndi kuyambitsa mchipindacho.
2. Yatsani magetsi kuti asapweteke maso anu: pezani muyeso wofanana ndi zomwe zimachitika.
3. Ngati mukufuna kutaya magazi, siyani kutaya magazi, ngati mungasokonezeke, perekani piritsi ya Klofelin.

Zochita za algorithm

Zochita zikuwonetsa kuti thandizo loyamba pamavuto oopsa kwambiri liyenera kukhala lokwanira komanso nthawi yake. Kupanda kutero, mikwingwirima imayamba, zotupa zambiri za mtima, mitsempha ya chithokomiro sichitha. Kupereka chisamaliro chadzidzidzi pamavuto oterewa kumafunikira kutsatira kutsatira njira zotsatirazi zakuchipatala:

• Ndizotheka kuyika munthu pansi, kumukhazika mtima pansi, osachita mantha.
• Ndikofunikira kuti wodwalayo apumire mofatsa komanso mozama ndi mawere athunthu.
• Ndikofunika kupaka compress yozizira pamutu pa wozunzidwa.
• Patsani zakumwa za Captopril, Corinfar, Kapoten, Nifedipine, Cordaflex, phale lomwe mwasankha,
• Apatseni 20 - 30 madontho a tincture wa Corvalol, mamawort kapena valerian mkati,
• Zowawa zam'mtima, kudya mapiritsi a nitroglycerin asanachitike kuchipatala akulimbikitsidwa (osapitirira 3 patsiku),

Kusamalira anamwino

Wodwala wokhala ndi zizindikiro zosasangalatsa zotere amafunikira kuchipatala mwachangu. Ku chipatala, namwino kapena wogwira ntchito ena amapatsidwa thandizo lothana ndi vuto la kuthamanga kwa magazi, lomwe lingathandize kukhazikitsa bata munthawi yochepa. Zochita zadzidzidzi za akatswiri azachipatala zawonetsedwa pansipa:

1. Kuti aletse kuukira, namwino amapweteka Dibazole komanso okodzetsa pakulimbikitsidwa ndi adokotala.
2. Kuti tichotse mwachangu kuukira kwa tachycardia, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito beta-blockers monga Inderal, Obzidan, Rauseil kudzera m'mitsempha kapena intramuscularly.
3. Pakayambidwanso mtundu II, namwino amayambitsa Hemiton, Clonidine, Catapresan.

Potchula ambulansi, wodwalayo amadziwa njira zomwe ogwira ntchito zachipatala amathandizira kuchepetsa kukakamira kwa wodwalayo. Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala musanalandire chithandizo chamankhwala chosokoneza bongo chosagwirizana, chowopsa pamoyo komanso thanzi. Nawa magulu oyenerera a pharmacological ndi omwe akuwayimira:

• beta blockers: Rosedil, Propranolol, Obzidan,
• antihypertensive mankhwala: Apo-Clonidine, Barklid, Chlofazolin,
• kusankha ma calcium blockers: Nifedipine kapena Corinfar,
• antipsychotic: droperidol,
• nitrate: Nitrosorbide, Sustak, Nitrong,
• okodzetsa: Furosemide, Lasix,
• analgesics ndi mankhwala a narcotic (pazithunzi zovuta zamankhwala).

Kuwerenga algorithm a chithandizo choyambirira cha matenda oopsa, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa mankhwalawa:

1. Normodipine. Ichi ndi choletsa cha calcium calcium, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuwukira kwa angina pectoris, chimachotsa kupuma movutikira. Mankhwalawa amapezeka m'mapiritsi, mlingo womwe umalimbikitsidwa ndi piritsi limodzi katatu patsiku mpaka zizindikirazo zipere.
2. Kutha. Ndi ACE inhibitor, yomwe imapezeka mu mawonekedwe a lozenges. Sanasankhidwe ngati chithandizo choyamba pamavuto, komabe, mapiritsiwa amatha kuthetsa vuto ngakhale asanafike kuchipatala mwachangu.

Zoyenera kuchita atasiya kuukira

Amayenera kuchita molingana ndi muyezo, apo ayi kuukira kwa hypertensive encephalopathy (chikomokere) sikuphatikizidwa. Pambuyo popereka thandizo kwa wodwala, amafunika kuchipatala, mtsogolomo, chithandizo chazovuta za matenda oopsa chiyenera kuchitika molingana ndi zisonyezo. Zina mwazovuta, madokotala amasiyanitsa kugunda kwamtima ndi stroke, angina pectoris.

Momwe mungapewere kuyambiranso

Pofuna kupewa kuthana ndi matenda m'tsogolo, muyenera kuganizira zopewetsa zisanachitike. Nayi malingaliro ofunikira a tsiku ndi tsiku:

• kuthana ndi magazi
• Chotsani zoipa zonse, idyani pomwepo,
• munthawi matenda matenda a mtima dongosolo,
• limbitsa magazi
• Chotsani kupsinjika, kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso.

Mkulu mavuto

Kupsinjika kwamphamvu kwamtunduwu kumatha kuwononga ntchito ya ziwalo zamkati, ndipo nthawi zina kumawonongetsa moyo. Sizosadabwitsa kuti Unduna wa Zaumoyo walembapo zochitika za mavuto azovuta kwambiri kwa ogwira ntchito ma ambulansi ndi madotolo azachipatala. Akatswiri a mtima amadziwa zoyenera kuchita choyamba, koma mtima wogawana nthawi zonse amakhala pafupi.

Ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti wodwalayo komanso abale ake azitha kudziwa zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti athandizidwe mwadzidzidzi, ngati ali ndi mankhwalawa. Kukonzekera mosamala kokha ndi komwe kungathandize pamavuto.

Zowopsa

Tsoka ilo, odwala ambiri oopsa amakhala ndi vuto lotsatira matenda awo, chifukwa ambiri samamva bwino, osamwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi ndipo amakhulupirira kuti palibe chowopsa chomwe chikuchitika. Ndipo nthawi yomweyo, zinthu zingapo zoyambitsa kupangitsa kuti munthu aziwoneka wokonda kukhala wathanzi. Apa chomwe chingawonetse vuto:

• mavuto ndi kugwira ntchito kwambiri,
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo a antihypertensive kapena kulephera kwawo mwadzidzidzi,
• kutengeka mtima kwambiri
• kusiyana kwa madera a nyengo yoyenda mukamayenda,
• kumwa kwambiri mchere, khofi, mowa,
• kukonda zakudya zonunkhira, zamafuta ndi zokazinga.

Vutoli limasokonekera chifukwa chakuti si anthu onse omwe amadziwa zovuta zawo akamakakamizidwa. Kufikira apa matenda ena amati:

• pheochromocytoma,
• nephropathy
• Prostate adenoma,
• atherosulinosis.

Odwala a Hypotensive nawonso amatetezedwa ku vuto lotsutsa. Choyamba, matenda oopsa nthawi zambiri amayamba ndi vegetovascular dystonia, yomwe imadziwika ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Kachiwiri, ma hypotensives a boma pamavuto ndi zizindikiro zochepa za digito zomwe zimalekeredwa mosavuta ndi omwe amanyamula matenda oopsa. Mwachitsanzo, munthu amene ali ndi mavuto a 100/70 amatha kudwala akakwera kuchuluka kwa anthu 130/90, pomwe odwala oopsa omwe ali ndi nkhawa ya 150/100 sangalankhulepo za momwe akuipiraipira. HA izichitika pafupifupi 180/120 komanso mpaka.

Ndipo, kodi ndi zisonyezo ziti zomwe mwazikhalidwe zomwe zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri malinga ndi akatswiri a mtima?

Magawo atatu a chiopsezo

Inde, mtundu wonyalanyaza matenda oopsa ndiwopsa ngati unganyalanyazidwe, koma ndikofunikira kudziwa nokha ngati pali zofunika zina pamenepa. Ndi mawu omaliza - nthawi yomweyo tsatirani njira zochizira. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuyeza kukakamiza tsiku lililonse: musanadye chakudya cham'mawa komanso ola limodzi mutatha kudya chakudya, nthawi yomweyo, ndipo ngati tonometer ili pafupi, ndiye panthawi yovutikira, ndikusunga diary. Pakupita pafupifupi sabata, zidzakhala zowonekeratu kuti ndi ndani omwe ali ndi vuto lanu Ndi gawo langozi liti lomwe angatengeredwe:

1. Kuwala - kuchuluka kwa kukakamiza kumachitika, sikuyenera kupitirira 140 / 90-150 / 100, pambuyo pake kumatulutsa. Mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi ndiyabwino.
2. Zapakatikati - kupanikizika kumakhala kochulukirapo: 150 / 100-170 / 110, ntchito yamtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi ndiyovuta. Pali kuphwanya pang'ono kwa retina ndi kupindika kwa zotupa za m'maso, kufupika.
3. Chofunikira kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa kupanikizika kosalekeza kwa 180/110, zovuta zazikulu muntchito ya mtima, impso, ubongo. Mankhwala mwadzidzidzi amafunikira.

Nthawi iliyonse, magawo omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa amatha kudumphitsa magazi osakhudzana ndi ziwalo zofunika kwambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake muyenera kudziwa kukakamiza kwanu ndikuwongolera.

Zizindikiro zapadera

Kwa munthu yemwe wapezeka ndi matenda oopsa, chinthu chachikulu ndikumwa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, izi zimachepetsa mwayi wa kuphipha kwamitsempha yamagazi komanso kupsinjika kwamphamvu kwamagazi. Koma ngati pazifukwa zina vuto la matenda oopsa adachitikabe, thandizo loyamba ndikuwona komwe limachokera, kuti athe kuthandizira molondola komanso mwachangu. Malangizo a Unduna wa Zaumoyo ndi ofanana, koma ndi mawu am'munsi pazamankhwala omwe adamwa. Kutengera zinthu zowopsa HA ikhoza kugawidwa m'mitundu itatu:

1. Mavuto mu gawo lazokonda.
2. Kufanizira kwamchere.
3. Zovuta za spasmodic.

Zofunikira mpaka malire

Munthu aliyense akhoza kukhala ndi vuto la kusokonezeka kwamanjenje kapena kukhala wopsinjika nthawi zonse. Munthawi yathu yovuta iyi, nthawi zambiri aliyense samakumana ndi mavuto kuntchito, pophunzira, pokaona dokotala. Zimachitika kuti kupanikizika kumadza ndi kuyezedwa ndi dokotala, chifukwa chakuwopa pang'ono pang'onopang'ono kwa manipuloni azachipatala, omwe amatchedwa "white malaya syndrome." Kupsinjika ndi mantha amatsata wina ndi mnzake, popanda kupuma ndi kugona, thupi silitha kupirira. Cholinga chake ndichakuti kuchuluka kwa magazi ndi adrenaline ndipo, chifukwa chake, zizindikiro za HA:

• kamwa yowuma
• kuthamanga kwa magazi pankhope, khosi, makutu,
• manja ndi miyendo akunjenjemera
• kugunda kwa mtima
• mutu ndi chizungulire, phokoso m'mutu,
• ntchentche yakuda pakuwona
• kumverera kozizira mthupi.

Kuphatikiza pazomverera zosasangalatsa, china chake chachikulu sichimachitika kawirikawiri, kotero simuyenera kuyitanira ambulansi ndikuwopa moyo, matendawa satha maola opitilira asanu mosakhalitsa.

Madzi ndi mchere

Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amakhudza anthu onenepa komanso azimayi omwe ali ndi pakati. Kusavomerezeka kwa mchere wamchere kumayambitsa kuphwanya kuchuluka kwa magazi, omwe anthu onenepa kwambiri ndi ochuluka kale, komanso Kutuluka kwa magazi aimpso, komwe kumayambitsa izi:

• Kutupa kwa nkhope ndi miyendo.
• Zoletsa komanso kupanda chidwi.
• Kufooka, kutuluka kwa magazi kuchokera kumaso.
• Kukomoka, thukuta.
• Kugwedezeka kosagwedezeka.
• Kuperewera pokodza.

Komabe, ngati izi zidachitika kwa mayi woyembekezera, ndiye kuti ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa kuchipatala asanabadwe mwana, chifukwa moyo wa mayi ndi mwana womaliza ukhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo. Mkhalidwe wopsinjika uyenera kukhala wofanana.

Kukokana ndi kukokana

Palibe amene amakonda zipatala ndi mabizinesi azachipatala, koma ngati panjira ziwiri zomwe mungathe kupereka chithandizo kunyumba ndikungotembenukira kwa ochiritsira, ndiye kuti pali zovuta zina za HC, pamene munthu adwala kwambiri kotero kuti zimatenga foni mwachangu komanso thandizo lanyengo yoyamba, monga izi zingachitike:

• Thupi lathunthu.
• Kugwedezeka ndi kupsinjika kwa miyendo.
• Kuwonongeka kwakanthawi.

Ngati vuto la matenda oopsa ngati lotere lachitika, chisamaliro chazadzidzidzi, chomwe chikuwonetsedwa pansipa, chiyenera kulandiridwa mwachangu, apo ayi zotsatira zakupha sizingapewe. Kuchedwa kumakhala ndi zovuta kwambiri:

• Cerebral edema.
• Kutupa kwamitsempha yamagazi.
• Cerebral hemorrhage.
• Kufa ziwalo.
• Kubwezeretsanso kwina.

Magawo a chipulumutso

Ndi mawonekedwe ofatsa, nthawi zina ndikokwanira kumwa piritsi kuti muchepetse kupanikizika. Thandizo loyamba loyamba pamavuto oopsa kwambiri nthawi zambiri amakhala a beta-blockers - metoprolol, atenolol, ndi calcium inhibitors - nifedipine, cordaflex. Kenako muyenera kugona pansi ndikudikirira chochitikacho. Komabe, ngati kukakamira sikumachepa ndipo vutoli likukulirakulira, simungazengereze, muyenera kuyimba ambulansi.

Kudikirira kulowererapo kwa mankhwala

Gonekani munthuyo pabedi, ndikukweza mutu wake ndikuyika mapilo pansi pake kuti muchepetse magaziwo kumutu. Muyenera kukhala chete, kuthetseratu mantha, sonyezani chidaliro kuti muchira bwino. Pambuyo pake:

1. Tsegulani zenera, ngakhale litakhala lozizira kunja, lopanda zovala zowonjezera ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kupumira kumagwirizana komanso nthawi zonse. Palibe chifukwa chopumira kwambiri.
2. Kuti muthandizire kumwa mankhwala omwe amadziwika bwino kwa odwala kuti akakamizidwe, ndipo ngati sichikupezeka, perekani mapiritsi a nitroglycerin kapena a valoserdine ndikufunsa wina kuti athamangire ku mankhwala opangidwa ndi antihypertensive. Ndikofunika kuti musamusiye wovutitsidwayo.
3. Muzu wa Brew Valerian, udzu wa momwort, nthangala za katsabola kapena oregano, amathira "Corvalol" m'madzi ochepa.
4. Pimani kupanikizika mphindi 15 zilizonse ndikujambula.
5. Ngati munthu ali yekha kunyumba, ndiye atayimbira ambulansi, ayenera kutsegula chitseko ndipo atatha kulandira chithandizo chodziyimira payekha. Poterepa, madotolo azitha kulowa mnyumba ngati atadwala kwathunthu.
6. Funsani mlendo za matenda akulu, mapiritsi omwe amamwa, ngakhale zidamuchitikira kale kuti auze madokotala kuchokera ku ambulansi.

Dokotala pakhomo

Dokotala asanapite, madokotala azidziwitsa anthu zaumoyo wawo - zomwe zimayambitsa matenda, zomwe zimayambitsa, kuzunza kumatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji mankhwala omwe amamwa. Chotsatira:

1. Kukhala kofunikira kupereka mbiri ya zosintha muzoyimira pakuwukira, makamaka mankhwalawo atatha, komanso mayina awo. Thandizo loyamba likachitika pamavuto oopsa kwambiri, ma algorithm oyambitsanso nthawi zina sataya nthawi kuti ajambulitse mwatsatanetsatane. Koma kwa sing'anga wopezeka mu dipatimentiyi, zolembedwazi sizingachitike.
2. Ngati vutoli lidachitika ndi mayiyo, ndikofunikira kukambirana zaka zakubadwa, popeza kusankha kwa mankhwala ndi njira zomwe zasankhidwa zimadalira izi. Mankhwala ambiri ndi owopsa kwa mwana wosabadwayo. Madokotala amatha kubaya magnesia kudzera m'mitsempha, ndipo mu uzitsine perekani kotala la metoprolol. Izi ndizovomerezeka kumayambiriro kwa mimba.
3. Muyenera kulembera ku chipatala komwe ambulansi itenga yemwe akuvutikayo ndipo ngati palibe njira yopita naye, tengani zidziwitso za brigade kapena nambala yafoni yolandila kuchipatala. Izi zikuthandizira kufunafuna kwa munthu kwa abale, komanso kuthandizanso kukhala mukulumikizana.

Zochita Zoletsedwa

Simungathe kumwa mankhwala osadziwika bwino kapena mapiritsi omwe mumawadziwa, koma pamitundu ingapo kuti muchepetse kuthamanga. Zithandizo zambiri zimathandizira pang'onopang'ono ndipo mutha kumukhometsa wodwalayo kuti akomokere chifukwa cha kupweteka. Zoletsedwa:

• Imwani mowa, komanso osakaniza ndi mapiritsi.
• Mantha ndipo pewani kuchipatala potsatira malangizo a ambulansi.
• Bisani momwe ndi chifukwa chake Code Code idachitikira, ngati izi siziperekeredwa ndi zovuta. M'malo mwake, ndikofunikira kuti madokotala adziwe tsatanetsatane kuti athandize molondola momwe angathere.

Mukakonzekera pasadakhale ndikuwonetsetsa mfundo zonse pamwambapa, ndiye kuti simungapulumutse moyo wanu wokha, komanso kuthamangitsanso kuchira kwanu kwotsatira.

Kupatula apo, kuchira matenda osokoneza bongo kumakhalanso kovuta, makamaka ngati pali matenda omwe amakhalapo ngati: matenda ashuga, matenda a m'matenda am'mimba, mavuto amtima, mafuta ambiri komanso shuga, komanso zizolowezi zoipa monga kusuta komanso kukhumba mowa. Chifukwa chake, kuti muchiritsidwe komaliza muyenera kukhala munthu watsopano.

Zizindikiro za vuto lalikulu kwambiri

Thandizo loyamba pamavuto oopsa kwambiri ndi njira zomwe zimakhazikitsa kukhazikika kwa wodwalayo gulu la madokotala lisanafike. Algorithm yosamalira odwala mwadzidzidzi chifukwa cha mavuto oopsa ndi osavuta kumva, komabe, musanayambe zochita, muyenera kusiyanitsa zovuta ndi zovuta zina zamankhwala.

• kuchuluka kwa zamanjenje,
• mantha
• tachycardia
• kupweteka mumtima
• kugwedeza kupweteka m'makachisi
• nkhope
• kuzizira thukuta kwambiri,
• kugwedeza kwa chala.

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha vuto lomwe latsala pang'ono kukuwonjezereka. Komabe, chizindikiro ichi sichingadziwike nthawi, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ndalama yayandikira.

Chikhalidwe cha mavutowa ndikupweteka m'dera la mtima. Nthawi yomweyo, zikuwoneka kwa odwala kuti zatsala pang'ono kusiya, zomwe zimabweretsa mantha ambiri. Kuvulala kwamantha nthawi zambiri kumayenderana ndi zovuta, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa kupanga kwa adrenaline poyankha kuphwanya kamvekedwe ka mtima.

Chizindikiro chodziwika ndi kupweteka kwambiri mumtima

Zifukwa zavutoli

Vuto nthawi zonse limayamba mothandizidwa ndi chinthu china chodziwikiratu. Choyimira chachikulu ndicho kupezeka kwa matenda oopsa (matenda oopsa).

Kukula kothamanga kwa magazi kumachitika motsutsana ndi maziko a:

• kupsinjika ndi kupsinjika kwakuthupi
• kumwa mowa
• kusakhazikika kwamchiberekero,
• kusintha kwa makhwala a antihypertensive mankhwala,
• kumwa mitundu yambiri ya khofi kapena khofi.

Zonsezi zimayambitsa kukakamiza kwadzidzidzi. Nthawi zambiri, mavuto amakumana ndi nkhawa. Vutoli limawonekera pang'onopang'ono. Munthu atha kukhala kwa nthawi yayitali kukhala wovutika maganizo kwambiri, osasamala za kukwiya, koma nthawi ina dongosolo lamatsenga silitha kuthana ndi zipsinjo komanso vuto la matenda oopsa liyamba.

Anthu okhala ndi matenda oopsa amakonda kunyalanyaza malangizo a dokotala. Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi kusintha kosavomerezeka pamalamulo amwa mapiritsi a antihypertensive, uchidakwa, kusuta fodya komanso kumwa khofi. Zonsezi zimadzetsa vuto, ngakhale kuti zakumwa zoledzeretsa zimayambiranso, vuto lalikulu limakhalapo, lomwe limafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala, osati chithandizo kunyumba.

Kukana mankhwala osavomerezeka osaneneka kumayambitsa vuto

Nthawi zambiri, mavuto amakumana ndi maziko a osteochondrosis. Ichi ndichifukwa chakuphwanya mwadzidzidzi magazi kuubwera chifukwa cha kukakamira kwa mitsempha ndi khomo lachiberekero. Pankhaniyi, zovuta zimachitika mwadzidzidzi ndipo zimadziwika ndi zizindikiro zazikulu.

Zinthu zomwe zikuwonekeratu kuti munthu amakumana ndi vuto ngati satenga njira zoyenera ndizovuta za endocrine komanso matenda a shuga. Poyerekeza maziko a kulekerera kwa glucose kwamaselo, vuto la matenda oopsa silachilendo, makamaka ndi mawonekedwe omwe matendawa ali nawo kwa odwala opitilira zaka 50.

Kuchepa kwa mavuto kumakulirakulira pamaso pa matenda ophatikizika amanjenje ndi mtima.

Malamulo Othandizira Choyamba

Thandizo loyamba la matenda oopsa kwambiri lingaperekedwe kwa odwala okha. Komabe, aliyense ayenera kudziwa momwe vuto la matenda oopsa limadziwonekera, malamulo othandizira odwala mwadzidzidzi komanso algorithm yochitira zinthu kuti athe kuthandiza munthu amene akukumana ndi vutoli kale.

Pokhala ndi vuto la kuthamanga kwa magazi, ma algorithm amachitidwe ali motere.

1. Kupereka chithandizo choyamba kumayambira poti wodwalayo amalimbikitsidwa komanso kutonthozedwa. Ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse vuto la mantha, chifukwa izi zimapangitsa kuti anzanu azikhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri chifukwa chopanga adrenaline.
2. Popeza vutoli limayendera limodzi ndi kupuma komanso kupuma movutikira, kukoka kwa mpweya wabwino mchipinda chomwe wodwalayo akuyenera kutsimikiziridwa. Wodwalayo amasonyezedwanso kuti azichita masewera olimbitsa thupi - izi zimathandiza kuthana ndi mantha ndikuchepetsa kupuma.
3. Wodwala ayenera kugona ndi mapilo angapo pansi pa nsana wake. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuphimba wodwala ndi bulangete ndikumupatsa mtendere ndi bata.
4. Zotsatira zamafuta zimakupatsani mwayi kusintha kwanuko. Kusamalira mwadzidzidzi vuto losautsa kwambiri limaphatikizapo kuthira ayezi kuma tempile komanso otentha otentha kumapazi. Nthawi yowonetsera kutentha sikupitilira mphindi 20.
5. Pamavuto, muyenera kumwa mankhwala omwe dokotala wakupatsani kuti muchepetse magazi. Mlingo suyenera kuchulukitsidwa.
6. Vuto limawerengedwa kuti ndi lovuta, lomwe munthu amamva ululu m'dera la mtima. Thandizo loyamba loyamba pamavuto ovuta kwambiri ndikumamwa mankhwala kuti muchepetse mawonekedwe. Kufikira izi, nitroglycerin akuwonetsedwa. Muyezo - granule imodzi pansi pa lilime mpaka itayambiranso, ndikumayendetsa mobwerezabwereza pambuyo pa mphindi 15. Palibe mankhwala opitilira atatu omwe akuloledwa. Ngati vutoli likukulirakulira ndi tachycardia ndi ululu wokhazikika pachifuwa, gulu la madokotala liyenera kuyitanidwa posachedwa, chifukwa pali chiopsezo chobwera ndi myocardial infarction.
7. Thandizo loyamba pa vuto la kuthamanga kwa magazi limaphatikizapo kuyeza kwa magazi pafupipafupi pogwiritsa ntchito njira yowonera magazi kunyumba.

Nthawi zina, kunyumba, mumatha kumwa mankhwala amphamvu, mwachitsanzo, Captopril. Piritsi lamankhwala limagawidwa pawiri, theka lokha liyenera kukhala loledzera, ndikuyika pansi pa lilime. Mufunikiranso kuonana ndi dotolo kuti muthe kutenga latril - mankhwalawa amateteza kugunda kwa mtima.

Kupatula kuti muchepetse kulumikizidwa kwambiri - ndibwino kukambirana ndi adokotala pasadakhale

Chithandizo cha Kunyumba

Kunyumba, mutha kuchiza mavuto, pokhapokha ngati vutolo silikuvuta ndi kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zomwe mukufuna. Zizindikiro zazikulu zikaleka, wodwalayo ayenera kuchepa magazi. Pazifukwa izi gwiritsani ntchito:

• okodzetsa
• antihypertensive mankhwala
• antispasmodics.

Ma diuretics amatulutsa kamvekedwe ka mtima ndikuchotsa madzimadzi owonjezera. Chida chosavuta komanso chotsika mtengo kwambiri ndi Furosemide. Ma antispasmodics amawonetsedwa pakukakamizidwa pang'ono, chifukwa pamitengo yayikulu kwambiri satha kugwira ntchito. Kwa nthawi yoyamba yomwe amakumana ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, wodwala amatha kutenga theka la piritsi ya Captopril. Palibe mphamvu, kukonzanso kwa mankhwalawa sikungatheke osapitirira mphindi 45 pambuyo pake.

Mukasiya kuukira, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mutenge vitamini B₆ ndi kulowetsedwa kwa rosehip. Mankhwalawa amathandizira mtima komanso kuchepetsa thanzi la wodwalayo.

Kodi kuchipatala ndikofunikira?

Kudziwa momwe zochita za munthu ziliri, munthu aliyense akhoza kudzithandiza okha. Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu, vuto la matenda oopsa limayima pakhomo, popeza wodwalayo amadziwa zoyenera kuchita.

Kugonekedwa ku chipatala ndi chithandizo choyenera chamankhwala oopsa kwambiri pamavuto ena ndizofunikira motere:

• kusakwanira kwa zochitika zapakhomo,
• mavuto, monga kupweteka kwa mtima,
• kupuma kwambiri,
• kudwala koyamba kwa wodwala pamavuto.

Aliyense amene wakumanapo ndi vuto ili kwa nthawi yoyamba amayenera kuyitanitsa chithandizo chadzidzidzi ndikupita kuchipatala. Chithandizo cham'kati chofunikira ndikofunikira kuzindikira zomwe zingayambitse vuto.

Mavuto ovuta amachititsa kuti pakhale zotsatira zowopsa, mpaka kubadwa kwa myocardial, chifukwa chake odwala amafunika kugonekedwa m'chipatala mosalephera.

Kugonekedwa kuchipatala chifukwa cha matenda oopsa

Chifukwa chiyani zovuta zili zowopsa?

Vuto lalikulu la matenda oopsa. Kupanikizika msanga m'mavuto kumatha kuyambitsa:

• matenda am'matumbo,
• myocardial infaration
• chitukuko cha glaucoma
• kutayika kwamaso
• kuwonongeka kwa impso.

Nthawi zina, vuto lodzaza magazi mwadzidzidzi limabweretsa imfa, popeza palibe amene adakwanitsa kupereka thandizo kwa wodwalayo, ndipo wodwalayo samvetsa zomwe zikumuchitikira.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa amauzidwa kuti azisunga nthawi zonse mankhwalawa pofuna kukakamizidwa ndi adokotala. Mwadzidzidzi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Captopril kapena Clonidine.

Zovuta zotheka

Mavuto opatsirana oopsa kwambiri angayambitse kusokonezeka kwa mtima wama mtima. Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi arrhythmia, chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha stroko ndi myocardial infarction. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala mavuto obwera pafupipafupi omwe amafunikira kulimbana ndi vuto la mtima.

Kuwukira kosayenera kapena kosamangika kumatha kudzetsa pulmonary edema chifukwa cha kupuma, kapena kufinya kwa edema chifukwa chophwanya magazi ake. Izi zimafunika kuchipatala mwachangu, bilu imapitilira mphindi.

Mavuto ambiri omwe amachitika pakachitika vuto ndi matenda a impso. Ndi impso yomwe imakhala chandamale choyamba cha matenda oopsa, motero odwala ayenera kutsatira malangizo a dokotala ndikuchita zonse zotheka kuti ziwopsezo ziwalo zisakulembedwe.

Mu 35% ya milandu, ngozi za ubongo ndi edema yam'mimba imabweretsa imfa.

Zizindikiro zakuyamba kwa matenda oopsa komanso zovuta zake

Zizindikiro zazikulu zomwe zimatsagana ndi GC ndi:

• Mutu wosakhazikika, nthawi zambiri m'magawo a occipital,
• Kumva kupusa m'makachisi
• Chizungulire ndi tinnitus,
• Kupuma pang'ono, wodwalayo amamva kusowa kwa mpweya, ngati kuti china chake chikumulepheretsa ma airways.
• Zovuta za mseru komanso kusanza pakati pamutu wowopsa womwe sukubweretsa,
• Kuchepa ndi khungu la nkhope ndi khosi.
• Kutuluka thukuta kwambiri, kuzizira,
• Nthawi zina pamakhala kupweteka kumbuyo kwa zovuta zachilengedwe,
• Kugwedezeka kwamphamvu (kugwedezeka), kulumikizidwa bwino komanso kuwongolera mitsempha, wodwalayo sanakhazikike pamapazi ake, gitala yake ndi yosakhazikika komanso yosatsimikiza.
• Pakamwa pakamwa, ludzu losasunthika, wodwalayo nthawi zonse amafuna kumwa,
• Kuwonongeka kwa kugunda kwa mtima, kuchuluka kwake - tachycardia ndi kupweteka mumtima,
• Zosokoneza pakuwoneka ngati ntchentche zowala, zophimba pamaso, zidachepetsa kupenyerera,
• Matenda okhumudwa mu mawonekedwe a kuwonjezereka kwa kukwiya, nkhawa, mantha, nkhawa, kusowa chidwi, kugona.

Zizindikiro za HA zimasiyana kutengera mtundu wamavuto:

Mavuto obwera chifukwa cha matenda oopsa amakhala oopsa osati ndi chiwonetsero chake, ngakhale zizindikiro zake ndizovuta kulekerera wodwala aliyense, koma chifukwa cha zovuta zake zomwe zingayambitse imfa. Kuchipatala mosazindikira kapena moyenera sizingachititse munthu wodwala moyo. Mavuto owopsa kwambiri omwe ali pamavuto oopsa kwambiri ndi awa:

• Brain stroke,
• Angina pectoris,
• Myocardial infaration
• Coma
• Kugwa
• Pulmonary edema
• Kulephera kwamtima
• Encephalopathy
• Arrhasmia.

Kusamalira mwadzidzidzi vuto la matenda oopsa

Thandizo loyamba lachipatala loyambirira pamavuto oopsa kwambiri liyenera kukhala lolimbikitsa mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo, kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, pafupifupi 20-30 mm RT. Art. pa ola limodzi. Kupsinjika kocheperako kumadzaza ndi zovuta zowopsa m'moyo. Thandizo loyamba lothandizidwa mwadzidzidzi litha kuperekedwa, modzimira ndi wodwala iyemwini, komanso anthu omwe amakhala nawo pafupi. Algorithm yosamalira mwadzidzidzi chifukwa cha mavuto oopsa kwambiri iyenera kuphatikizapo zinthu izi:

• Kupanga malo abata kuti asatayitse magazi. Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira kukonzekera wodwalayo m'malo momasuka ndikuwonetsetsa kuti akhale chete, ndikugwiritsanso ntchito madontho 20 a corvalol, valocardin, komanso tincture ya mamawort kapena valerian,
• Kubwezeretsa ntchito yopuma ndi pempho la wodwalayo kuti apumitse mpweya wowerengeka komanso kupumira, kuti amasuke ku zovala zolimba ndikutsitsa chipindacho,
• Ndikofunikira kutenthetsa wodwalayo, kugwiritsa ntchito masipuni a mpiru pamalo a ng'ombe ndikuwotha kutentha kuti mutenthe mapazi ndi miyendo. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyika compress yozizira pamutu. Zochitika izi zimachitika kwa mphindi 15 mpaka 20,
• Kugwiritsa ntchito magulu ngatiwa a vasodilators omwe amachepetsa mitsempha yamagazi akuwonetsedwa, akuwonetsedwa kupweteka m'dera la mtima (nitroglycerin 1 piritsi pansi pa lilime, popanda zotsatira zimaloledwa kutenga mapiritsi ena awiri ndi gawo la mphindi 5, mapiritsi a Captopril ½, sodium nitroprusside), beta-blockers ( propranolol), anti-adrenergic mankhwala (phentolamine), okodzetsa akuwonetsedwa kuti akuphulika kwa mutu kuti achotse madzimadzi ambiri mthupi (furosemide, arifon), ma antipsychotic ofuna kukhazikitsa bata lamunthu padzachitika wodwalayo (droperidol) ndi ganglionic (pentamin). Ndi kupanikizika kosalekeza kwa theka la ola, ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, kugwiritsa ntchito mlingo womwewo kumawonetsedwa, komanso kuyitana kwa ambulansi.
• Mwa zina, ndikofunikira kuyendetsa magazi ochepa kwambiri ndikuwonetsetsa pafupipafupi kwa mphindi khumi ndi zinayi, komanso kuwongolera kupumira komanso mtima kwa mtima. Izi ndizofunikira kuti tiwone kuyang'ana kwa njirayi ndikuthandizira kwake.

Kugonekedwa kuchipatala komwe kuli koopsa sikuwonetsedwa kwa odwala onse.Zinthu zikakhala bwino, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakhala koyenera pofika ambulansi, palibe ngozi kwaumoyo wa wodwalayo, chifukwa chake palibe chifukwa chogonekera kuchipatala. Mtundu wa HA nthawi zambiri umadziwika kuti wovuta. Mtsogolomo, odwala oterowo amayenera kutsatira chithandizo chokonzanso pamalopo ndikusunga diary ya tsiku ndi tsiku yosonyeza kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Kugonekedwa kuchipatala kumakhala kofunikira kwa odwala omwe vuto lawo linakhala loyamba kwa nthawi yoyamba, ngakhale popanda zovuta. Ndipo, pamenepo, njira yachangu yolandirira chithandizo ndiyofunika kwa odwala omwe ali ndi zovuta zamankhwala oopsa. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, wodwala aliyense wachitatu yemwe amakhala ndi vuto lalikulu. Kupereka kwakanthawi komanso kwa chithandizo chamankhwala kwa HC, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti wodwalayo akhale ndi thanzi, komabe, kusowa kapena kusakwanira kwa njira ya chisamaliro chachipatala kumakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa kwa wodwala.

ZOFUNIKA KUDZIWA! Njira yothandiza yothetsera matenda ntchito ya mtima ndi mtima wotsuka lilipo! ...

Aliyense ayenera kudziwa momwe chisamaliro chadzidzidzi chimaperekera kwa vuto la kuthamanga kwa magazi, chifukwa vutoli limakhala lotereku. Ndi vuto la matenda oopsa, kuchuluka kowopsa komanso kwadzidzidzi kwamagazi kumawonedwa, nthawi zonse kumayimira ngozi pamoyo wa munthu ndipo amafunika kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu kuti aletse. Pakadali pano, munthu m'modzi mwa anthu atatu aliwonse amakhala ndi vuto la kuthamanga magazi ndipo ali ndi matenda ena oopsa, koma sikuti aliyense amatenga vuto lakelo ndipo nthawi zambiri amayamba matenda awo. Izi ndichifukwa choti poyamba GB siyimabweretsa vuto lililonse kwa munthu ndipo ambiri amamwa mankhwala mosasamala. Koma matenda oopsa sangathe kuthandizidwa. Kuchita zinthu mwachisawawa ndipo pamapeto pake kumabweretsa vuto lalikulu kwambiri.

Kuopsa kwa matenda

Hypertension (GB) ndi njira yofala kwambiri yamatenda a mtima (CVS), ndizowopsa za mayiko otukuka ano, chifukwa muukadaulo wamakono moyo wa anthu umadzaza ndi kutengeka, kuthamanga, kuthamanga, kusachita zina ndi zina, etc. Theka la anthu sakudziwa za matenda awo, omwe adapezeka mwamwayi, panthawi ya mayeso a chitetezo, akamatengera kwa dotolo zamankhwala ena, kapena kale pakavuta. Vutoli limawonedwa chifukwa GB ndi yopanda pake, yokhala ndi zovuta zambiri ndipo kwa nthawi yayitali sizimadzipangitsa kumva, mu 50% ya milandu, odwala samamwa mankhwala omwe adapangidwa, akuchita izi nthawi ndi nthawi. Amuna ndi akazi amakhala ndi matenda oopsa nthawi zambiri, pakadali pano matenda ali aang'ono ndipo amapezeka pakati pa achinyamata, ndipo ngakhale mwa ana.

Dokotala wamkulu ”Matikiti a papilloma mu milomo ndi khosi amatanthauza kuyamba koyambirira .....

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda oopsa ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi - ochepa matenda oopsa (AH). Imakhala yolimba, yokhalitsa komanso yopanda matenda. Pakadali pano, malekezero apamwamba amachitidwe a kuthamanga kwa magazi asinthidwa, chifukwa magulu onse azaka ali 139 / 8mm Hg. mzere, ndipo kale 140/90 - imawerengedwa ngati gawo loyamba la matenda oopsa. Kugawika ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kukufunsidwa: 1 digiri ya matenda oopsa - 140 / 90-159/99, digiri ya II - 160 / 100- 179/109, digiri ya matenda olembetsa - 180/110 ndi apamwamba. Momwemo, mayina a madigiri ndi ofatsa, odziletsa komanso okhwima. Ziwerengero zamtundu wothamanga kwa magazi zimachokera ku 120/80 mpaka 129/84 mm Hg. Art. Magawo a GB:

1. 1. Ine siteji - kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi sikugwirizana, pang'ono, ntchito yamtima sinawonongeke.
2. 2. II siteji - kuthamanga kwa magazi kumachulukirachulukira, kumakhala kuwonjezeka kwamanzere am'mitsempha, ziwiya zam'mimba ndizo spasmodic.
3. 3. Gawo lachitatu - manambala ndi okwera, osasinthika, mtima, impso zimavutika, kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa ubongo kumasokonekera, zotumphukira zimakhudzidwa.

• ZOFUNIKIRA KUDZIWA! Zotengera mumutu zimatha "kupha" kapena kugunda kugunda kwa mtima! Osachepetsa kukakamizidwa, koma khalani ndi chithandizo chachilengedwe ...

  Kuphatikiza apo, matenda oopsa ndi ofunika, i.e., etiology yokhazikika, komanso yachiwiri, chizindikiro, motsutsana ndi kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zina ndi machitidwe ena (omwe ali ndi matenda a impso, mtima ndi endocrine matenda, atherosulinosis ndi uchidakwa). Kugawidwa ndikofunikira pakusankha bwino chithandizo. Ndi GC, ziwerengero zomwe zimakwera zimafika pamiyeso yovuta, kugwira ntchito kwa CCC ndi ubongo kusokonekera. Zovuta zam'magulu ogawika zimagawidwa kukhala zosavuta komanso zovuta:

  1. 1. Fomu yosavutikira imapezeka ndi magawo a GB 1-2, Zizindikiro: wodwalayo wasunthasuntha, akungofika, akusungunuka, manja akutuluka thukuta, kumva kutentha kapena kuzizira, tinnitus, mawanga ofiira pachifuwa, pamakhala kupindika. pulsating, palpitations, kugunda kwa mtima mpaka 100 kugunda / mphindi., kuthamanga kwa magazi mpaka 200/110 mm Hg Vutoli limakula mwachangu komanso limadutsa mwachangu, nthawi yake imatha mpaka maola awiri ndi awiri, pamene njira zofunika zimatengedwa, kupanikizika kumatha.
  2. 2. Mtundu wovuta wamavuto, omwe amatchedwa vuto lachiwiri-kwachiwiri, zizindikiro zake: Zimayamba pang'onopang'ono, zimatha mpaka masiku awiri, sizitha kuthandizidwa bwino. Wodwalayo amakhala ndi mseru, chizungulire, kumatha kusanza, kuchepa kwa kumva ndi kuwona, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakwera pamwamba pa 220-240 / 120-130 mm Hg. Chifukwa cha njira yake, imabweretsa chiwopsezo cha moyo, ndipo zovuta zambiri zimatha kukhalapo: mpaka khungu. Ngakhale kuchepa kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi mu zochitika izi, mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala, zovuta zimatha ndikuluma.
  • Dvornichenko: "M'mawa, mphutsi ndi majeremusi zimatuluka mwa inu ngati mumamwa zamkati musanakagone ..."

    Werengani kuyankhulana ndi wamkulu parasitologist wa Russian Federation >>

    Tiyenera kunena kuti mavuto amabwera ndi matenda oopsa. Mavuto samachitika popanda chifukwa, nthawi zambiri pamakhala zinthu zingapo zomwe zikukonzekera: kuchulukitsa kwadzidzidzi kwa mankhwala othandizira kusintha, nyengo yokhala ndi kuthamanga kwamlengalenga, kusintha kwa nyengo, kusowa tulo, kuchuluka kwa matenda am'mtima, kuchuluka kwa thupi, kuchuluka kwa mchere, khofi, mowa (makamaka mowa), kusuta, kuyenda mlengalenga, kusakhazikika kwa mahomoni (kusintha kwa thupi, nephropathy ya amayi apakati).

    Mu ana, HA imatha kukhalanso, koma monga chizindikiro chowonjezera m'matenda ena: matenda a impso, hyperthyroidism, pheochromocytoma. Mu achinyamata, vuto limatha kukhala lalikulu.

    Thandizo loyamba

    Kodi chithandizo choyamba chizikhala chiyani? Ngati munthu ali yekha kunyumba, pakamwa pake amadzidzimuka, zolankhula zake zimayamba kugontha ndipo ali ndi vuto la GB, ndikofunikira kutenga Captopril pansi pa lilime lake, kuyimbira ambulansi, kutsegula chitseko ndikugona.

    Thandizo loyamba pa vuto la matenda oopsa lili ndi njira yakeyake yochitira zinthu: khazikitsani mtima wodwalayo, kumgoneka, kukweza mutu wake, kumasulidwa ku zovala zolimba, kupanga mpweya wabwino, choziziritsa kukhosi mpaka kumutu, kuyika masipuni pamiyala ya ng'ombe, kuphimba ndimalo otentha otentha, perekani 0,325 g ya Aspirin, pansi pa lilime Enap, Corinfar, Captopril, ngati kuli kotheka, perekani mpweya wothira, kuyeza kuthamanga kwa magazi pakatha mphindi 10 zilizonse. Pofika nthawi yomwe dokotala afika, konzani makina, syringe, ubweya wa thonje, mowa.

    Kusamalidwa kuchipatala pamavuto

    Ndi maphunziro osavuta, thandizo loyambirira la matenda oopsa: Dibazole imayendetsedwa kudzera m'mitsempha, okodzetsa - Lasix, Furosemide. Beta-blockers amapereka zotsatira zabwino: Inderal, Obzidan, Anaprilin, Atenolol, Propranolol, Rauseil - atha kuchitidwanso mu /, adzakulitsa kuunikira kwamitsempha, kuchepetsa mtima. Simungathe kukwaniritsa kuchepa kwambiri kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, imakhala yodzala ndi zovuta mu mawonekedwe a kugwa, ischemia ya mtima, impso ndi ubongo. Chifukwa chake, ndizotheka kuchepetsa kukakamiza m'maola awiri okha mwa 20%.

    Chazova: "Ndikupemphani, osamwa mapiritsi a kukakamiza, ndibwino Hypertgency, musadye mankhwala, ndi mavuto akutsika, dontho zotsika mtengo ...

    Ndi GC yovuta, hematon, clonidine, catapresan, ndi / kapena hyperstat imayendetsedwa. Mulimonsemo, sublingual Nifedipine kapena Corinfar. Ndi zizindikiro za kulephera kwamitsempha yamanzere, ma diuretics amathandizidwa, okodzetsa amachotsa sodium yambiri, amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa magazi ndi kuchepetsa magazi. Pakuchepa kwa mtima pachimake, ma nitrate (Sustak, Nitrong) amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amakulitsa kuunikira kwamitsempha, ma analgesics, antipsychotic yosakhazikika mpaka mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mukamaliza chithandizo, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti palibe kusanza. Cholinga cha mankhwalawa chikuyenera kukhala kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kukakamira kwina kuti muchepetse zovuta, zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa.

    Mankhwala othandizira amaperekedwa ngati jakisoni kapena pansi pa lilime, chifukwa kumeza sikugwira ntchito ndi kusanza. Pafupifupi, kuthamanga kumayenera kutsika ndi 10 mmHg. Art. mu ola limodzi. Ngati pali zomwe zikuchitika, wodwalayo sagonekedwa m'chipatala, nkumangoyimbira foni apolisi a kwawo tsiku lotsatira kuti apitirize kuwunikira komanso kulandira chithandizo. Ntchito zachipatala kuchipatala zimaperekedwa ndi akatswiri a mtima.

    Njira zopewera

    Vutoli litatha popanda zovuta, izi sizitanthauza kuti mutha kupitiliza kuthandizidwa mopepuka. Mavuto ndi chisonyezo cha kusokonezeka kwa dongosolo la mtima wanu ndipo, mukadzabweranso, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri.

    Ndikosatheka kuthana ndi kupewa matenda oopsa, chifukwa chake pamavuto. Odwala ayenera kukumbukira njira yayikulu yothandizira: Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amaperekedwa kwa okhazikika komanso amoyo wonse; Panyumba muyenera kukhala ndi tonometer ndikuyezera kupsinjika kwanu nthawi zonse. Siyani kusuta, pewani tsiku logwirira ntchito, khalani panja, samalani malamulo oletsa zakudya kuti muchepetse mchere, yokazinga, yendani kwambiri, chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi, yesani kugona mokwanira komanso kupumula. Tsatirani dokotala wanu pafupipafupi.

    Ndipo pang'ono zinsinsi ...

    Kodi mudayamba mwadanapo ndi KUMVA MTIMA? Poona kuti mukuwerenga nkhaniyi, kupambana sikunali kumbali yanu. Ndipo zowonadi mukuyang'anabe njira yabwino yobweretsera mtima wanu.

    Kenako werengani zomwe Elena Malysheva amafunsidwa zokhudzana ndi njira zachilengedwe zothandizira mtima ndi kuyeretsa magazi.

    Kuchokera m'nkhaniyi muphunzira: muyenera kukhala chiyani chisamaliro chadzidzidzi cha matenda oopsa, momwe mungaperekere bwino.

    • Algorithm Yothandizira Choyamba
    • Zolakwika wamba pakuthandizidwa mwadzidzidzi
    • Ziwonetsero

    Mavuto obwera chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa magazi ndiwowopsa komanso kowopsa mwadzidzidzi m'magazi, limodzi ndi zizindikiro ndi madandaulo a wodwala. Panthawi yamavuto, nkovuta kudziwa zovuta za kuthamanga kwa magazi, chifukwa ndikofunikira kumangika pazovuta za wodwala wina. Kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi nkhawa yocheperako kapena yochepetsetsa pang'ono m'mimba, chizindikiro cha tonometer pamwamba pa 130/90 mmHg chitha kukhala vuto lalikulu. Art. Kwa odwala odziwa “zinthu zambiri” omwe ali ndi vuto la 150/100 mm Hg. Art. kupanikizika kudzakhala kovuta za 200/120 mm RT. Art. ndi mmwamba. Matenda oopsa oopsa amatha kuchitika motsutsana ndi maziko azokhalitsa okhalitsa, ndikupeza munthu wathanzi kwathunthu kwanthawi yoyamba.

    Ndiye chifukwa chake, ngati vuto la matenda oopsa likukayikiridwa, ndikofunikira kudalira osati zisonyezo zachuma, koma madandaulo a wodwala:

    • redness ya nkhope, thukuta, kumva kutentha,
    • mutu, chizungulire,
    • nseru ndi kusanza zomwe sizibweretsa mpumulo,
    • ntchentche zikuwoneka pamaso pa maso, kudetsa khungu m'maso ndi zina zowoneka,
    • kusowa kwa mpweya, kufupika,
    • kupweteka kwambiri m'chigawo cha mtima, kuseri kwa sternum,
    • tachycardia - palpitations oposa 90-100 kumenyedwa pamphindi,
    • chisokonezo, kutayika kwa malo mumtunda, kusokonezeka kwa mawu,
    • chisokonezo, mantha, kuwopa kufa.

    Thandizo loyamba pazovuta zamankhwala oopsa ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti wodwalayo akhale ndi moyo komanso thanzi. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti aliyense adziwe mfundo zothandizira woyamba kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi vuto lothamanga magazi, chifukwa ngakhale njira zosavuta zimathandizira kuti apambane mphindi zamtengo wapatali madokotala asanafike.

    Nthawi zambiri, thandizo lalikulu lachipatala pankhaniyi limaperekedwa ndi madotolo ndi othandizira oyang'anira ambulansi omwe amayendera, komanso akatswiri wamba a zipatala za polyclinics ndi zipatala zapadera. Kenako wodwalayo amagonekedwa m'chipatala m'madipatimenti othandizira kapena a mtima, pomwe akatswiri ochepa mtima - akatswiri amtima amuthandiza.

    Mfundo yofunika kwambiri yothandizidwa ndi mavuto a matenda oopsa: "Musavulaze!". Ndikwabwino kuchitapo kanthu pang'ono kusiyana ndi kupitiliza ndi "thandizo". Pansipa tidzapenda zolakwika zingapo mu thandizo loyamba.

    Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti sizovuta zamankhwala pazokha zomwe zimakhala zowopsa, koma zovuta zazikulu kwambiri zomwe zimatha kuyambitsa: myocardial infarction, atria fibrillation, pulmonary edema, kupweteka ndi zina.

    Thandizo loyamba komanso chithandizo chapadera cha vutoli liyenera kukhazikitsidwa bwino kwambiri pakupewa zovuta zotere.

    Zoyenera kuchita ngati mukukayikira kuti pali mavuto ena oopsa

    Ndi vuto lothamanga mwadzidzidzi, ma algorithm akuwoneka motere:

    1. Gawo loyamba ndikuyimbira ambulansi kapena kuyamba kunyamula wodwala mosamala kupita naye kuchipatala chapafupi.
    2. Yesani kupeza tonometer, kuyeza kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kuwerengera momwe amakhudzidwira.
    3. Ndikofunikira kuti mutsimikizire wodwalayo, pakhale malo abata, opanda phokoso kwa iye, kumulimbikitsa iye kuti achite bwino.
    4. Ndikofunikira kufunsa wodwalayo ngati akudwala matenda oopsa, omwe amamwa mankhwala, ngakhale atamwa mankhwalawa lero kapena kuiwala ngati amamwa mowa. Zambiri izi ziyenera kusamutsidwa mwatsatanetsatane kwa madokotala.
    5. Wodwalayo ayenera kusunthidwa komwe amakhala ndi miyendo pansi - izi zimachepetsa kubwerera kwa magazi a venous kuchokera kumitsempha yam'munsi, yomwe imachepetsa kwambiri mtima. Mofananamo, muyenera kupita naye kuchipatala.
    6. Ngati ndi kotheka, wovutikayo amayenera kupita kumalo oyera, kuwtsegulira mawindo ndi zitseko, kutsegula kolala kuti ipatse mpweya wabwino ndikuthandizira kupuma.
    7. Ndi kugunda kwamtima mwachangu - tachycardia, pamene kugunda kumakhala kogunda kuposa 90 pamphindi, ndipo wodwalayo akudandaula kuti "mtima ukudumpha kuchokera pachifuwa" - njira ngati kutikita minofu ya carotid ikugwira ntchito. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupukuta kapena kutikita minofu m'mbali za khosi m'mbali mwa mbali yamkati ya chotupa cha carotid mbali zonse ziwiri. Kutalika kwa kutikita miniti ndi mphindi 10-15.
    8. Ngati wozunzidwayo akumupeza limodzi ndi anti-hypertension mankhwala ake, ndikofunikira kumupatsa mlingo wowonjezereka wa mankhwalawo. Zothandiza kwambiri komanso mwachangu kwambiri zidzakhala piritsi ikamamwa kapena kuyika pansi pa lilime.
    9. Chithandizo chachiwiri chofunikira chizikhala mankhwala aliwonse osokoneza bongo - valerian, mamawort, kuphatikiza sedative, corvalol, ndi zina zambiri.
    10. Chida chachitatu komanso chotsiriza chovomerezeka chogwiritsidwa ntchito popanda dokotala ndi nitroglycerin. Mankhwalawa amadziwika ndi World Health Organisation, kapena WHO, ngati njira yabwino kwambiri yopeweretsera kupatsirana kwa myocardial ndikupereka chithandizo choyambirira pa prehospital motsutsana ndi matenda oopsa a mtima, angina pectoris, komanso kupweteka mumtima. Mankhwalawa amayenera kukhala pazinthu zothandizira aliyense kukhala ndi magalimoto, komanso m'malo oyamba othandizira: mabwalo amagetsi, malo ogulitsira, mashopu ndi zina zotero. Nitroglycerin imakhalapo mu mapiritsi, makapisozi ndi zopopera. Muyezo umodzi wa nitroglycerin ndi 0,5 mg. Ndi iye ndipo ayenera kutengedwa pansi pa lilime kapena tsaya. Ndikofunikanso kukumbukira nthawi yomwe mutenga nitroglycerin ndikudziwitsa ogwira ntchito azaumoyo omwe akubwera.

    Kufika madokotala adzayesa momwe zinthu ziliri, kuyeza kukakamiza ndi kugunda, amatenga mtima ndikuyamba kukonzekera zamankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Kenako, wovutitsidwayo amapititsidwa kuchipatala chamkati kapena kwa odwala kwambiri, komwe amalandila chithandizo, komanso kuwunika mwatsatanetsatane zovuta zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha matenda oopsa.

    Zolakwika wamba posamalira mwana

    Tionanso zolakwika zofala kwambiri komanso zofunikira kwambiri za thandizo loyamba pa vuto la matenda oopsa:

    • Kukana kuchita zinthu zadzidzidzi za wodwalayo kapena anthu ena. Thandizo loyamba lomwe likufunika pa vuto la kuthamanga kwa magazi ndilosavuta ndipo silifunika chidziwitso ndi maluso apadera.
    • Mantha a ena. Kusangalala, kukangana kosafunikira komanso mantha a ena zimachulukitsa nkhawa za odwala komanso kukulitsa zovuta.
    • Kuvomerezeka kwa mankhwala "achilendo" kwa matenda oopsa kwa omwe akhudzidwa. Kupereka mankhwala olembetsa magazi opatsidwa kwa wodwala wina ndikosavomerezeka. Izi zimatha kubweretsa zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri. Chifukwa, mwachitsanzo, kumwa magulu ena a mankhwala opatsirana amadzimadzi kumatha kubweretsa kulephera kwambiri kwa impso ndikuchulukitsa vuto la matenda oopsa.
    • Mowa wambiri ndi cholinga chotukula misempha yamagazi. Mowa uwu ndi wochepa kwambiri, ndipo zotsatira za mowa wa ethyl pamtima zimangokulitsa chithunzi cha zovuta. Komanso, mowa wophatikiza ndi nitroglycerin ndi mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu amatha kupereka zotsatira zosayembekezereka. Kuledzera kwauchidakwa kumachepetsa chithunzi cha matenda ovuta kwambiri ndipo kumalepheretsa kuzindikira matenda.
    • Kumwa mankhwalawa kawiri kapena katatu a mankhwala "odalirika." Kuwonjezeka kosavomerezeka kwa Mlingo wa mankhwala ndizovomerezeka kwathunthu. Ngati mukufuna kupatsa wodwala mankhwala ake kuti mupewe kukakamizidwa - iyi iyenera kukhala muyeso umodzi. Mlingo wa nitroglycerin sayenera kupitilira 1 mg!
    • Kukakamiza kutsika kwambiri. Malangizo onse apadziko lonse lapansi aukatswiri wamtima akusonyeza kuti kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi pochiza matenda oopsa sayenera kupitilira 20-25% ya kuvutikira koyamba mu maola awiri kapena atatu.
    • Kubisa zomwe zimayambitsa vuto kuchokera kwa azachipatala, monga mowa kapena mankhwala ena. Cholakwika chachikulu sichingakhale kudziwitsa madokotala za kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti akakamizidwe ndi nitroglycerin.

    Kuzindikira kwa vuto la matenda oopsa

    Kukula kwa matendawo kumatengera:

    1. Zaka za wodwala. Wocheperako komanso wathanzi wodwala, zimathandizanso kupilira vutoli.
    2. Mtundu wamavuto ndi kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zomwe mukufuna. Vuto lovuta lomwe limawonongeka mu ubongo, impso kapena myocardial infarction ndi vuto losasinthika kwenikweni, lomwe limayambitsa kulumala kwakukulu ngakhale kufa.
    3. Kukwanira kwa chithandizo choyamba komanso chithandizo chotsatira cha matenda oopsa. Chithandizo choyambirira ndikuchotsa zovuta zimayambika, mwayi wa wodwalayo umakhala wopambana.
    4. Mikhalidwe yomwe imakulitsa vutoli ndikuwonjezera kufa: kunenepa kwambiri, matenda a shuga, chizolowezi cha thrombosis, mtima ndi matenda a impso, uchidakwa, kusuta.

    Pafupifupi 60% ya milandu yovuta kwambiri chifukwa cha matenda oopsa, chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito magazi moyenera ndikofunikira. Mankhwala othandizira kuthamanga kwa magazi ayenera kusankhidwa mosamala kwambiri, komanso kumwa tsiku lililonse.

    (Mavoti 2, mavoti wamba: 4.00)

    Matenda oopsa ndi kupanikizika kwa matenda oopsa. Matendawa ndi ovuta, motero amafunika thandizo mwachangu.

    Iwo omwe ali ndi vuto lotere ayenera kukumbukira kuti matendawa amatha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse, chifukwa chake muyenera kukhala okonzekera izi ndikudziwa momwe chisamaliro chamankhwala chimaperekedwera kwa wodwala omwe ali ndi vuto la matenda oopsa.

    Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa matenda ngati amenewo. Nthawi zambiri, mavuto amatha kuchitika ndi:

    • Kusintha kwanyengo.
    • Kudzinyalanyaza kwa mankhwala a antihypertensive, komanso kudya kosakhazikika.
    • Kupsinjika.
    • Mowa.
    • Kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso.
    • Katundu wolemera pamthupi.
    • Kuzunza.

    Odwala ena amaganiza kuti ngati muchepetsa msanga kukakamira ku mfundo zoyenera, ndiye kuti izi zithandiza kuti musiye zizindikirazo. Madokotala samalimbikitsa kuti muchepetse kupanikizika mwachangu.

    Izi zimatha kugwa ndikupangitsa kuti musamadzindikire. Ngati vutoli ndi lalikulu, kuthamanga kwa magazi kupita ku ubongo kungathenso kuvulala.

    Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse kuthamanga pang'onopang'ono. 20-30 mamilimita a Mercury pa ola limodzi. Ngati zizindikiro zotere zimachitika koyamba, ndiye kuti muyenera kulumikizana ndi katswiri, kuitana gulu lothandizira kuchokera ku chipatala.

    Ngati thandizo siliperekedwa munthawi yake, ndiye kuti matendawo amatithandizanso. Zikatero, ziwalo zamkati zimatha kuwonongeka chifukwa cha zomwe zimachitika mthupi. Zidzafunika kale thandizo la madokotala.

    Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti, ngakhale pali malingaliro ambiri ovomerezeka, vuto la matenda oopsa lingakhale popanda kudziwa kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Manambalawa amakhala amodzi pa aliyense.

    Pakachitika vuto, mwayi wokhala ndi zovuta pakati pa ziwalo zamunthu umathanso kukulira. Izi zikhoza kukhala, mwachitsanzo, dongosolo lamanjenje, pulmonary edema, kapena vuto la mtima.

    Kupsinjika kwa magazi kumatha kungobwera chifukwa cha njira ziwiri zomwe zimaganiziridwa konsekonse:

    Kuti mupeze chithandizo choyenera cha vuto la matenda oopsa kunyumba, ndikofunikira kudziwa molondola zomwe zikuwonjezera kukakamiza.

    Zina mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zikuwonetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi izi:

    • Kukulitsa mutu (nthawi zambiri m'dera la occipital).
    • Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu komanso kowopsa kwa kupanikizika.
    • Zingwe zopweteka m'makachisi.
    • Kusungunula kapena mseru chabe.
    • Kupuma pang'ono.
    • Zowonongeka. Sizichitika kawirikawiri.
    • Zowawa pachifuwa.
    • Kuchepa kwa khungu mbali zina za thupi.
    • Kusakwiya.
    • Chisangalalo.

    Mitundu yamavuto

    Pakadali pano, madokotala amatha kusiyanitsa mitundu iwiri yamavuto. Izi ndi:

    1. Hyperkinetic. Nthawi zambiri limawonekera koyambirira kwa matendawa. Zimayamba kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, kupanikizika kumawonjezeka kwambiri, zimachitika.
    2. Hypokinetic. Nthawi zambiri imadziwonekera pang'onopang'ono matendawa. Nthawi yomweyo, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakwera kangapo. Mavuto amtunduwu amakula pang'onopang'ono (maola angapo - masiku angapo).

    Thandizo loyamba pamavuto oopsa kwambiri limaphatikizaponso kufunika kodziwa kuti ndi mapiritsi ati omwe ali ndi mphamvu kwambiri.

    Akatswiri onse omwe ntchito zawo cholinga chake ndi kuthana ndi matendawa ndi chithandizo chake, nthawi zambiri amayesa kuphunzitsa makasitomala awo kuti adziwe zomwe akuyenera kuchita atangoyamba matendawa.

    Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti odwala omwewo amadziwa momwe angadzithandizire ndi thandizo loyambira poyambira, kuti asafunefune madokotala.

    Koma, komabe, nthawi zina munthu sangathe kuchita popanda kulowerera kwa katswiri, chifukwa mawonetsedwe oyamba angayambitse kuyambika kwa matenda oopsa, omwe wodwalayo anali asanadziwepo kale.

    Chithandizo chadzidzidzi

    Wogula akafuna chisamaliro chadzidzidzi, mankhwalawa amayenera kumwa:

    Nitroglycerin. Nthawi zambiri amagulitsidwa pamapiritsi. Koma majakisoni azitha kukhala othandiza kwambiri. Kutha kukhala ndi mphamvu yofulumira pa thupi ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa kukakamizidwa.

    Sodium nitroprusside. Kutha kutsitsa magazi. Zotsatira zamankhwala zimatha kuyendetsedwa. Imayamba kugwira ntchito kwakanthawi kochepa pambuyo pa utsogoleri. Mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa kupanikizika.

    Mankhwalawa amatha kuchepetsa mitsempha yamagazi ndikuwongolera mtima. Popeza mankhwalawa amakhalabe m'magazi kwa nthawi yayitali, poizoni ndikotheka ndi waukulu. Imatha kudziwoneka yokha mwa mseru.

    Diazoxide. Poyerekeza ndimankhwala omwe ali pamwambapa, mankhwalawa samachitika kawirikawiri. Izi ndichifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zoyipa zomwe chida chimayambitsa. Kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa zoyipa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuphatikiza mankhwalawa mumagulu ang'onoang'ono ndi mankhwala ena omwe amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi.

    Hydralazine. Jekeseni wamkati. Zimathandizira kumasula mitsempha. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kumatha kupweteketsa mutu komanso tachycardia.
    Simalimbikitsidwa kwa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda a coronary. Chida ichi chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi amayi apakati, popeza ndiotetezeka ku thanzi.

    Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti pofuna kupewa zovuta pamavuto, komanso kuti chipatala sichofunikira, kasitomala ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa kukakamiza kwake. Zizindikiro zoterezi zitha kujambulidwa.

    Ndikofunikanso kuti musaphonye nthawi yomwe mumatenga ndalama zomwe dokotala adapereka kuti mudziteteze. Kupita kumodzi kumatha kubweretsa mavuto. Katswiri azilankhula za vuto la matenda oopsa omwe ali mu vidiyoyi.