Kodi zingadyedwe ndi matenda a shuga ndi chiyani, ndipo ndizosatheka?

Matenda a shuga mellitus (DM) ndi matenda oopsa okhala ndi zizindikiro zosasangalatsa. Koma mosiyana ndi matenda ambiri, kupambana kwa chithandizo chake sikudalira kwambiri luso la dokotala komanso mankhwala omwe adamupangira, koma pazoyeserera za wodwalayo. Zakudya zoyenera komanso zakudya zosankhidwa bwino zimatha kukhazikika pamatendawa komanso kupewa mavuto ake.

Chifukwa chiyani simungadye zakudya zina za shuga?

Zakudya zilizonse ndizomwe zimaletsa zakudya zofunikira. Ngati dotolo adapereka chakudya kwa wodwala, ndiye kuti sizingatheke kudya chilichonse chomwe mukufuna, muyenera kusiya zakudya zomwe mumakonda, ndipo mukufunika zoletsa. Pankhani ya matenda ashuga, ziletso zimakhala ndi maziko asayansi okhazikika. Inde, matendawa amatengera zosokoneza kwambiri za kagayidwe kachakudya m'thupi zomwe sizingakonzeke popanda kusintha zinthu zomwe zimabwera ndi chakudya kapena zakumwa. Chifukwa chake, ndi matenda ashuga pali zinthu zovomerezeka ndi zoletsedwa.

Komabe, mindandanda yazinthu zoletsedwa zimatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera kutha kwa matendawa. Mtundu wa nthendayi - matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin (mtundu 1) kapena osadalira insulini (mtundu 2) - umachititsanso chidwi chake.

Zakudya zomanga thupi komanso kufunika kozizilitsa

Mwinanso, aliyense adziwa kuyambira zaka za sukulu kuti chakudya chamunthu chili ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu zitatu: chakudya, mapuloteni ndi mafuta. Zili mu chilichonse chomwe munthu amadya. Chomwe chimayambitsa matenda ashuga ndikuphwanya njira ya kusakanikirana kwa imodzi mwazinthu zokhudzana ndi zakudya - zopatsa mphamvu (shuga). Chifukwa chake, pofuna kupewa kuchulukana kwa chakudya chamagazi m'magazi, ndikofunikira kukana kudya zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndizambiri.

Komabe, zakudya zamafuta ndizosiyana ndi chakudya chamafuta. Pali zakudya zamafuta zomwe zimamwa kwambiri m'mimba mwathupi mwachangu - zomwe zimachedwa "chakudya" champhamvu kwambiri, ndipo pali mafuta ena omwe amatengeka pang'onopang'ono. Choyamba, akatswiri azolimbitsa thupi amalimbikitsa kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu "mwachangu".

Zolemba za shuga zosadalira insulini

Ndi matenda abwinobwino a shuga, pali kusowa kwathunthu kwa insulin, ndipo ndi matenda amtundu wa 2, kapamba amapanga insulin yokwanira, koma minofu imakana kuyamwa, ndipo glucose amayamba kudziunjikira m'magazi. Ichi ndi chizindikiro choopsa. Kodi zochitika ngati izi zitha kupewedwa bwanji? Njira imodzi yokha ndikuletsa kudya shuga mthupi. Ndipo izi zimatheka pokhapokha kudzera muzakudya, kuchepetsa zomwe munthu amadya kapena kumwa, ndikupanga mindandanda yazovomerezeka.

Zosatheka ndi matenda ashuga?

Yankho la funso loti "ndi chiyani chosatheka ndi matenda ashuga?" Sizophweka. Munjira zambiri, zimatengera gawo la matenda ashuga, komanso matenda ake. Zambiri zimatengera kuti wodwalayo amamwa mankhwala aliwonse a hypoglycemic. Lingaliro lazakudya ndilofunikanso. Imasankha zakudya zomwe sizoyenera kudya. Pali zakudya “zofewa” komanso zamagetsi zomwe zimaloleza kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zomwe zili ndi zomanga thupi, ngakhale zimachepetsa, komanso "zovuta", momwe zoletsa zake zimakhala zovuta kuchita ndipo palinso zoletsa zina. Zakudya zimasiyananso pafunso la kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ndi mafuta omwe ayenera kukhala pachakudya. Mtundu wamafuta umagwira. Pali zakudya zomwe zimachotsa kapena kuchepetsa mafuta. Tanthauzo lakuletsedwa kwamafuta ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kalori. Izi zimathandiza kuthana ndi chizindikiro chosasangalatsa monga kunenepa kwambiri.

Koma pali zakudya zomwe mungadye pafupifupi mafuta onse (kupatula zodzadza, zovulaza ngakhale anthu athanzi). Akatswiri a matenda ashuga amavomerezanso kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni omwe angadye.

Komanso, kusankha kwa zinthu zoletsedwa mu shuga kumakhudzidwa ndi:

• matenda osautsa a wodwala (matenda oopsa, kuwonongeka kwa lipid kagayidwe, mavuto a impso, chiwindi, minofu ndi mafupa),
• jenda
• zaka

Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kufunsa zomwe sizotheka ndi matenda ashuga, kwa asing'anga. Mosasamala kanthu za lingaliro lomwe amagwiritsa ntchito, ndibwino kutsatira zakudya zomwe adamupangira, osasankha zotsutsana pazogwiritsa pa intaneti pazomwe zili komanso zomwe sizingatheke ndi matenda ashuga. Chithandizo chotere sichingatchedwe kuti ntchito yabwino, ndipo ingathe kuvulaza.

Malinga ndi mfundo yomwe onse othandizira zakudya amasunga, kudya matenda ashuga kumatanthauza kuletsa kwa zakudya zonse zomwe zili ndi "zakudya" zamafuta othamanga, ndiye kuti, zakudya zomwe zimaphwanyidwa matumbo msanga. Ngati wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu ngati izi, ndiye kuti amangoonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ake ndipo samapereka chidwi chodzaza.

Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chamafuta othamanga:

• kupanikizana, kupanikizana, kupanikizana,
• shuga woyengetsa
• chakumwa chokoma (tiyi, timadziti, zakumwa zozizilitsa kukhosi, cola, manyumwa, timadzi tokoma),
• mafuta ophika buledi,
• confectionery, maswiti, makeke,
• zakudya zachangu
• tchizi chokoma cha curd,
• chokoleti (makamaka mkaka ndi wokoma),
• wokondedwa

Chifukwa chake, sangathe kudya ndi shuga.

Pazakudya "zofewa", chiletso chachikulu chimakhazikitsidwa pakugwiritsidwa ntchito:

• buledi
• croup
• masamba okhuthala - mbatata, beets, kaloti,
• zipatso zokhala ndi chakudya chochuluka (nthochi, mphesa, mapichesi, mavwende, chivwende),
• zipatso zouma, zoumba zoumba,
• pasitala.

Ngati munthu adya zakudya zofanana kwambiri, shuga amayamba. Ndikofunikira kusintha zakudya. Komabe, palibe choletsa mwamphamvu kugwiritsa ntchito izi. Mwanjira ina, ngati simungathe, koma mukufuna kwenikweni, ndiye kuti mutha, mosamala kokha.

Pali zakudya zomwe zimayambitsa matenda osokoneza bongo, kutanthauza kuti choletsa osati chakudya, komanso malire a zopatsa mphamvu. Anachepetsa kumwa kwamafuta, omwe, monga chakudya, amawonjezera mafuta.

Chifukwa chake, zoletsazi zikuphatikiza:

• mafuta onse (masamba ndi zonona),
• nyama yamafuta ndi nsomba,
• mafuta amkaka amkaka (tchizi, kirimu wowawasa, kirimu),
• mayonesi
• mpendadzuwa
• mtedza.

Akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kudya mchere kumayeneranso kukhala kochepa. Kapenanso musiyane ndi zakudya. Malingaliro ogwiritsira ntchito amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa marinade ndi maapulo, zonunkhira zotentha, mayonesi, ketchup. Izi zikuchitika chifukwa cha kusakhudzidwa bwino kwamchere kum impso zomwe zimagwira ntchito ndi matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi nkhawa zambiri. Mulingo wofunikira m'thupi mwathupi umapezeka nthawi zonse kuchokera ku mkate, nyama, nsomba, ndi zina zambiri. Ndipo ngati simungathe kuchita popanda mchere, ndiye kuti pa tsiku lomwe sayenera kudyedwa osaposa 5 g (1 tsp).

Pazakudya "zovuta" (otsika-carb), palinso zoletsa zina pazakudya. Zakudya zochepa za carb nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa kutsika msanga kwa shuga. Komabe sianthu onse omwe ali ndi chidwi chofuna kumamatira kwa nthawi yayitali.

Zakudya zama carb zotsika zimaletsedwanso:

• chimanga
• chimanga
• mbatata, beets, kaloti,
• nyemba
• zipatso zokhala ndi shuga wambiri komanso wowonda pang'ono (nthochi, mphesa, mavwende, mavwende, mapichesi, maapulo, zipatso za citrus, zipatso zambiri),
• Zinthu zonse zophika mkate, kuphatikizapo mkate wopanda tirigu, mkate wa rye,
• pasitala yonse
• Zinthu zamkaka za lactose komanso mkaka wokhala ndi shuga,
• Zinthu zomalizidwa, masoseji ndi masoseji okhala ndi ufa wambiri ndi wowuma, ma sisitilo,
• wokondedwa, fructose.

Pali zipatso zochepa zomwe zimaloledwa m'makudya ochepa. Ndi asidi wambiri, kapena wamafuta kwambiri, monga cranberries, mandimu, avocados.

Ndingadye chiyani ndi matenda ashuga?

Pafunso lazomwe mungadye ndi zomwe simuyenera, malingaliro a akatswiri amakhalanso osiyana. Ngakhale nthawi zambiri mndandanda wazakudya zovomerezeka umangotengera lingaliro lomwe adokotala amatsatira, komanso kutengera komwe matendawo apita.

Misonkhano yonse, zinthu zonse zimagawika m'magulu awiri. Munthu amatha kudya ndi matenda osokoneza bongo nthawi iliyonse yamatendawa, osayiwala tanthauzo la kuchuluka, kumene. Ena amatha kuwonjezeredwa pakudya pokhapokha ngati matendawa ali pamlingo wokulipira.

Akatswiri onse amavomerezana kuti mumatha kudya ndi matenda osokoneza bongo popanda zoletsa zokha zakudya zopanda mafuta ambiri ndipo zimakhala ndi fiber yambiri. Zogulitsa zofananira makamaka zimakhala m'gulu la masamba. Ngati munthu wodwala matenda ashuga amadya masamba okwanira, ndiye kuti izi zimakhudza mkhalidwe wake. Gulu lofunika zamasamba limaphatikizapo:

• kabichi yamtundu uliwonse,
• zukini
• squash,
• biringanya
• amadyera (sipinachi, sorelo, anyezi wobiriwira, letesi),
• bowa (amathanso kukhala ngati masamba),

Masamba, malinga ndi madokotala ambiri, ayenera kukhala pafupifupi theka la zakudya. Zotsutsana zimangoganiza zamasamba omwe ayenera kukhala. Zakudya zina zimakonda masamba ena, pomwe zina zimawaletsa.

Madokotala ambiri amakhulupirira kuti mumatha kudya masamba monga mbatata, kaloti, beets pang'ono. Amaloledwa kudya "zofewa", ndipo osaposa 200 g patsiku. Chithandizo chawo cha kutentha iyenera kukhala yocheperako kapena ngakhale osakhalapo, chifukwa sichikuwononga chakudya, koma chidziwitso cha glycemic chikuwonjezeka.

Komanso mu zakudya "zofewa" mungathe kudya nyemba (nandolo, nyemba). Komabe, simuyenera kutenga nawo mbali.

Akatswiri akukhulupirira kuti zipatso, maapulo, yamatcheri, plums, zipatso za citrus, mapichesi, ndi zina zotere zimatha kudyedwa mosapumira. Ndibwino kuti munthu wodwala matenda ashuga azidya, koma osapitirira 100 g patsiku.

Maphala amaloledwa ndiwotcha komanso oatmeal. Phala la mapira ndi peyala liyenera kuphikidwa pang'ono. Ndikwabwino kukana semolina palimodzi.

Thandizo lachiwiri lopanda chakudya lamafuta osafunikira ndi zakudya zopangidwa ndi nyama.

Kodi zingadyedwe kuchokera ku nyama, nsomba ndi nkhuku? Zakudya zololedwa ndizophatikiza mitundu yopanda mafuta:

• ng'ombe
• nkhuku
• nkhuku
• nsomba zamafuta ochepa (hake, cod, pike perch).

Gulu la maphunziro oyambitsidwa oyamba limaphatikizapo msuzi, masamba, msuzi wamafuta ochepa.

Zopaka mkaka wowawasa zimagwiritsidwanso bwino kwambiri pakachulukitsa, osapitirira 400 ml.

Ngati mumatsatira zakudya zomwe mafuta ndi kuchuluka kokwanira kwa zopatsa mphamvu zimaloledwa, ndiye kuti gululi liyenera kuphatikiza:

• tchizi
• batala (batala, wochokera masamba - coconut, maolivi),
• mtedza
• nsomba yamafuta (nsomba, hering'i, trout, nsomba za pinki),
• caviar
• nyama yamtundu uliwonse
• mazira
• zakudya zam'nyanja, caviar.

Mwa zina mwa zakudya zomwe zimalowetsedwa mu zakudya “zofewa” pali zakuda ndi mkate wopanda tirigu (osapitirira 300 g patsiku). Mazira (osapitirira 1 patsiku), tchizi zopanda mafuta komanso mafuta ochepa amaloledwa.

Malangizo onsewa ndi achilengedwe mokha ndipo samaganizira za kapangidwe ka chakudya chamunthu. Ndikofunikira kutsatira mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zimaloledwa komanso zoletsedwa, koma ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ngati, mutatha kudya mankhwala, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakweza kupitirira 3 mmol / l, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuchotsa mankhwalawa muzakudya. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu m'zakudya. Ngati mumadya malonda kuchokera pamndandanda woletsedwa, koma malire a tsiku ndi tsiku azakudya sangathe, ndiye kuti ndizovomerezeka. Chifukwa chake, mindandanda idzakhala yothandiza kwa odwala okha omwe samayang'anira magazi pafupipafupi kapena sawerengera kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu tsiku lililonse.

Njira yophika

Zakudya zoyenera za anthu odwala matenda ashuga ziyeneranso kuphatikizira njira yoyenera yophikira. Nthawi zambiri, kutentha kwambiri kumawonjezera glycemic index ya chakudya ndipo zakudya zomwe zimapezeka m'mbale zimalowa m'magazi mwachangu. Ngati mankhwalawo sangadye osaphika, ndiye kuti ayenera kuwiritsa kapena kuwotcha. Ngati simungathe kuchita popanda kukazinga, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a azitona kapena a kokonati pazolinga izi. Mpendadzuwa kapena zonona zimakhala zochepa. Mafuta ozikidwa pamafuta a trans (margarine, etc.) samachotsedwa. Sayenera kuphikidwa pa iwo, ndipo zinthu zomwe zimakonzedweratu siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakudya. Musachotse zinthu zopaka, mafuta osuta, zakudya zam'chitini, tchipisi, ndi zina zambiri.

Ndingamwe chiyani ndi matenda ashuga komanso ndizoletsedwa kumwa?

Ngati wodwala ali ndi mtundu wina wa matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti sayenera kumwa chilichonse chomwe akufuna. Monga mukudziwa, si zakumwa zonse zomwe zimakhala zathanzi, ndipo shuga amapezeka mwa ambiri aiwo. Chifukwa chake, zakumwa zimathanso kusintha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Madokotala a matenda ashuga amavomereza kuti ngati muli ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, mutha kumwa mosawopa:

• madzi (mchere ndi canteen),
• tiyi ndi khofi (wopanda zotsekemera makamaka shuga),
• decoctions zitsamba.

Mwambiri, wodwalayo amawonetsedwa kumwa kwambiri (osachepera 1.5 malita patsiku).

• tiyi wokoma ndi khofi
• timadziti ta fakitale (ziribe kanthu 100% kapena kuchepetsedwa),
• cola ndi zakumwa zina za tonic carbonated,
• kvass
• zakumwa zakumwa zozizilitsa kukhosi.

Chifukwa chake, ndi matenda ashuga, si aliyense amene amaloledwa kumwa. Pakhoza kukhala, mwachidziwikire, kupatula malamulo, mwachitsanzo, panthawi ya tchuthi. Koma izi zimangoloredwa ndi shuga wofupidwa.

Ngati munthu amwa chakumwa chosadziwika kwa iye, ndiye kuti akuyenera kudziwa mawonekedwe ake, kaya pali zakudya zina.

Zakudya za "zofewa" zimakupatsani mwayi kuti mumwe moperewera zakudya zopanda mkaka zopanda mkaka ndi mkaka, timadziti totsekemera panyumba (wopanda mafuta), zakudya zonona ndi zipatso zabwino. Zakudya zofunikira kwambiri sizimawatenga.

Zakumwa zoledzeretsa za shuga

Ngati munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amamwa mowa, vinyo kapena mowa wamphamvu, ndiye kodi izi zimakhudza bwanji mkhalidwe wake? Nthawi zambiri zimakhudza zoyipa. Kupatula apo, mowa umabweretsa zovuta pa kagayidwe ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka ziwalo zosiyanasiyana: kapamba, mtima ndi impso. Chifukwa chake, ngati wodwalayo amamwa mowa, ndiye kuti ayenera kusiyiratu khalidweli. Tiyeneranso kukumbukiranso kuti zakumwa zoledzeretsa zambiri zimakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu mosavuta.

Ngozi yapadera ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa zomwe zimadalira matenda a shuga. Ngati munthu amamwa kwambiri, ndiye kuti akhoza kumamwa. Ngati chiwopsezo cha hypoglycemia chikhala ndi iye momwemonso, pamenepo iwo omwe azungulira iye adzamuwona ngati woledzera ndipo sangathe kudzathandiza pakapita nthawi.

Zomakoma

Ndiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zotsekemera komanso zotsekemera? Chakudya chosankhidwa ndi adokotala chimakhudzanso yankho lavutoli. Zakudya za "zofewa" zimalola kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yambiri ya zotsekemera monga sorbitol, xylitol, aspartame, fructose, stevioiside. Zakudya zopanda kukhosi zimangolola izi zokha, zotsekemera zina zonse ziyenera kupatula.

Glycemic index index

Zakudya zoyenera nthawi zambiri zimatsimikiziridwa pogwiritsa ntchito glycemic index (GI). GI imatanthawuza kuthekera kwazinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi. Zogulitsa zilizonse zili ndi GI yolingaliridwa. Wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukana kwathunthu chilichonse chomwe chimakhala ndi GI yayikulu (yoposa 70), kudya moyenera (zosaposa 20% yazakudya zonse) ndi GI (40-70) ndikudya zakudya ndi GI yotsika (ochepera 40).

Gome likuwonetsa zomwe mungadye ndi shuga, komanso zomwe zaletsedwa kudya. Mu mzere woyamba wa tebulo pali zinthu zomwe zimadyedwa popanda choletsa, mu zina ndizogwiritsidwa ntchito zomwe zimayenera kuchepetsedwa nthawi 2, chachitatu ndi zinthu zomwe siziyenera kuperekedwa kwa zakudya.