Magazi a glucose olamulira: amatsitsa ndi kukweza shuga?

Insulin ndi timadzi tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatsitsa shuga m'magazi. Imakhala ngati "chitseko" cha glucose mu cell. Insulin ndi yofunika kwa thupi ndipo imadzipatulira pagawo "Insulin ndi kufunika kwake kwa thupi."

Glucagon, adrenaline, cortisol, mahomoni okula - mahomoni omwe amachulukitsa shuga wamagazi. Zambiri za aliyense wa iwo mtsogolomo.

Kukula kwamafuta

Kukula kwa mahomoni kumapangidwa mu pituitary gland, yomwe imangokhala pansi paubongo (mkuyu. 5).

Ntchito yayikulu ya mahomoni okula ndikuthandizira kukula. Zimawonjezera shuga m'magazi pochepetsa kuthana ndi shuga wama cell a thupi. Kukula kwa mahomoni kumabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa minofu ya minofu ndikuwonjezereka kwa kuwonongeka kwa mafuta.

Nthawi yakutha msinkhu, achinyamata akamakula msanga, amakula timadzi tambiri timene timakula, motero, izi zimapangitsa kuti pakufunika insulin.

Zodabwitsa za "mbandakucha" kapena "mbandakucha"

M'magulu onse olimbana ndi mahomoni, kutulutsa pachimake kumachitika m'mawa. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1 amakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kuyambira 3-4 mpaka 7-8 m'mawa, ndipo amatha kudzuka m'mawa ndi glucose wambiri. Werengani zambiri zam'mawa zam'mawa.

Zakudya kuti muchepetse kukula. Gawo 4 - chakudya

Moni Tipitilizabe kuthana ndi zida zopangira zakudya kuti zikule komanso kuti chakudya chamagulu azikhala.

Mungadabwe kudziwa kuti cholakwitsa chimodzi chomwe anthu ambiri amapanga kuti awonjezere kukula ndikuti amaphatikiza mafuta ambiri owononga m'zakudya zawo.

Chifukwa chiyani izi zimalepheretsa kukula kwa thupi? Mafuta ati omwe amayenera kudyedwa kuti asawononge, koma kukonza chinsinsi cha mahomoni, makamaka, kukula kwamafuta? Ichi ndiye nkhani yanga.

Zakudya zopatsa mphamvu ndizomwe zimapatsa mphamvu thupi la munthu. Thupi lathu limagawaniza chakudya chamthupi kukhala mashuya osavuta, motero limapeza mphamvu zokulitsa, kukulitsa ndi zina zotero. Njira yogawa chakudya yamafuta osiyanasiyana imachitika mosiyanasiyana. Zotsatira za njirayi ndizosiyana.

Sindikoka kwa nthawi yayitali, mpaka pamapeto. Chakudya chamafuta kwambiri, makamaka otsika kwambiri, chimatha kuyambitsa kuchepa kwa thupi.

Chiwerengero chachikulu cha mafuta ophatikizidwa mu chakudya cha anthu okhala m'maiko aku Asia, malinga ndi akatswiri ena, ndichimodzi mwazifukwa zazikulu zotsika pang'ono (poyerekeza ndi Europe ndi America) kukula kwapakati pamayiko awa.

Zogulitsa zomwe nthawi zambiri zimadyedwa m'maiko aku Asia (mbewu ndi zakudya za chimanga) ndizopatsa thanzi kwambiri, pomwe zimakhala ndi zinthu zina zochepa zofunikira pomanga thupi.

Vutolo limangokulitsidwa chifukwa chakuti zopangidwa zotchuka kumeneko monga mpunga zimakonzedwa ndikutsukidwa ndi chipolopolo, chomwe chimakhala ndi 95% yazipatsozo. Pambuyo pokonza, mbewuzo zimangokhala chakudya chambiri. Osati mtundu wabwino koposa.

Nthawi yomweyo muyenera kulemba mawu ochepa okhudza glycemic index (GI) yazogulitsa. Ndikwabwino ngati muiganizira mukamalemba zakudya zomwe mwakula. GI ndi chisonyezo cha momwe zimatha kudya ma carbohydrate omwe angalowe mwachangu mthupi lanu ndikuwonjezera shuga. Mchitidwewu ungatenge mphindi zingapo mpaka maola angapo ndipo zimatengera mtundu wa chakudya chomwe mudadya.

Mndandanda wa glycemic umayezedwa pamlingo wapadera. Ubwino wake, mwachitsanzo, pakati pa omanga thupi amaganiziridwa: pafupifupi 60 pazakudya zopukusidwa ndi 70 zatsopano. Chifukwa chiyani, ndifotokozanso.

Zakudya zomanga thupi zomwe zimapanga bwino

Chifukwa chake, za zakudya zamafuta otsika kwambiri ndi mndandanda wa glycemic unatero. Tsopano za zinthu zomwe zili ndi zakudya zamafuta apamwamba kwambiri. Zakudya zabwino kwambiri zimapezeka mu zipatso zatsopano, zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, zopweteka pang'ono - mumphaka ndi chimanga. Izi zimayenera kukhala zopangidwa ndi chakudya chamafuta. Chifukwa chiyani?

Choyamba, shuga kuchokera ku zinthu izi ndiosavuta kugaya. Kachiwiri, sichulukitsa michere yomwe imapanga mahomoni. Chachitatu, zinthu izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi GI yotsika ndipo sizipitilira zovomerezeka za 70. Chachinayi, kuwonjezera pazopatsa mphamvu zam'mwamba zambiri, zimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zofunikira pakukula. Mwachidule, ndiye.

Kodi shuga mu zipatso ndikuyatsidwanso chinthu chomwecho?

Nthawi zambiri ndimamva kuchokera kwa anthu (ndipo ine ndekha nthawi ina ndimaganiza motero) kuti shuga kuchokera ku zipatso ndi shuga wokhazikika, mwachitsanzo, kuchokera pamaswiti, ndi ofanana. Kapangidwe ka mamolekyamu ndi chimodzimodzi ndipo onsewa amasinthidwa kukhala glucose pang'onopang'ono, koma pali kusiyana.

Confectionery ndi zakudya zina zopanda pake zimakhala ndi mafuta (moni, shuga), komanso kangapo podziwika bwino kuposa zipatso zatsopano za "shuga". Kuti mumvetse bwino zomwe mukufunikira, muyenera kupanga kukonzekera kofunikira ndikulankhula za kuchuluka kwa glycemic.

Mkamwa mwa munthu mumakhala ma receptor omwe amayang'anira kupatsidwa kwa insulin. Zakudya zilizonse zopatsa mphamvu zikafika mkamwa, zolandirazo ziyenera kuzizindikira ndikupereka chisonyezo ku ubongo chokhudza kuchuluka kwa insulin yomwe imasungidwa kuti igwetse. Zopangidwa zoyera sizigwirizana ndi njirayi.

Ma receptor sangamvetse zomwe zidadyedwa, sangathe kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa insulin ndipo imasungidwa kwambiri. Madzi a insulin ambiri akakhala m'magazi, amatenga shuga onse mmenemo, kotero kumamva njala kumabweranso mwachangu kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, gawo la insulin limakhalabe m'magazi kwa nthawi yayitali.

Chifukwa chake, kuchokera pazinthu zoyengedwa pali katundu wokulira wa glycemic komanso kuphulika kwa insulin.

Ma Receptor amazindikira mosavuta shuga m'magulu azakudya zambiri, zotsatira za insulini sizolimba kwambiri, mumakhala mafuta ochepa, ndipo sucrose amalowa mthupi ndi fiber amoyo, motero, kudumphadumpha kwa mahormoni komanso phindu lochulukirapo. Katundu wa glycemic ndiwotsika, koma si zokhazo. Kodi insulin imalumikizana bwanji ndi kukula kwa mahomoni?

Insulin ndi mahomoni omwe amasamutsa glucose kuchokera m'magazi kupita m'maselo. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti inshuwaransi iwonjezeke. Kukula kwa mahomoni kuli ndi ntchito zinanso. Mavuto amayamba pomwe pali insulini yambiri. Kuchulukana kwambiri kwa insulin, timadzi tambiri timene timakula.

Carbohydrate ndi HGH

Tiyeni titenge. Mfundo zazikuluzikulu:

1. Zakudya zomanga thupi zowola ngati zomwe zimakonzedwa ndikufufuza zimatha kukula pang'onopang'ono.
2. GI yamalonda siyenera kupitilira 60-70.
3. Zakudya zomanga thupi zabwino kwambiri zimapezeka muzakudya zonse zam'mera.
4. Kuchulukitsa kwa glycemic kuchokera kuzomera zachilengedwe ndizotsika.
5. Ngati mukufuna kukula, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti insulini imachita mwachangu ntchito zake ndikusiya magazi.

Kuperewera kwa shuga kumawonjezera katulutsidwe ka GR. Ochita masewera omwe amaphunzitsa bwino amadziwa izi. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kudya zinthu zilizonse zokhala ndi chisonyezo chachikulu cha m'mawa komanso masana mpaka maola 16. Madzulo ndi usiku, insulini m'thupi mwake imayenera kukhala yosachepera kotero kuti pakugona, mahomoni okula amatha kugwira ntchito yake.

Masewera omwe anthu amakonda kudya amati: "Mmawa mmawa, mapuloteni madzulo." Pazonse, inde, koma ndinganene mosiyana pang'ono: "Zakudya zam'mawa m'mawa, mapuloteni masana (kapena mosemphanitsa), ndipo madzulo chinthu china chowala ngati masamba."

Idyani zakudya zochepa monga momwe mungathere kapena mutaye zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga wambiri, makamaka wotsukidwa. Tsoka ilo, zakudya monga mkaka kapena buledi wosungira zili ndi shuga wambiri kuposa momwe mukuganizira.

Yesetsani kupewa kusunganso timadziti ndi timinofu ting'onoting'ono tambiri. Musamale ndi mbewu ndipo mugwiritse ntchito yonseyo, osati peeled. Zipatso zouma siziyenera kudyedwa zochuluka, makamaka usiku.

Zipatso zina zam'malo otentha (chinanazi, mango), nazonso.

Ngati ntchitoyo ndi yofunika kuchita pomanga thupi lanu, ndiye kuti shuga iliyonse imayenera kudyedwa musanayambe kugwira ntchito yolimbitsa thupi. Kudya shuga ndikukhala papa ndiye njira yachidule kwambiri yovuta. Mukatha kudya chilichonse, chitani squats 30.

Pomaliza, ndikuponya lingaliro losangalatsa: kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi musanadye kumafunikira insulini yocheperako kuti mumalize chakudya. Izi, wina anganene, ndi chinsinsi chokhalira ndi kuchuluka kwa GR kwa osewera ambiri aluso. Ndiye kuti, kuphunzitsa pamimba yopanda kanthu kumatanthauza. Zachidziwikire, ili ndi zovuta zake, koma ndikuuzanipo nthawi ina. Lembetsani ndikuphunzira zonse choyamba!

Apa ndipomaliza! Zikome aliyense!

Wodzipereka, Vadim Dmitriev

Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zimawonjezera shuga?

Glucose (shuga) amatanthauza zinthu zachilengedwe. Iye ndiye amapereka mphamvu zamagetsi m'maselo. Pambuyo polowa mu cell, njira ya gluidose oxidation imayamba, yomwe ndi gawo la oksijeni imalola mphamvu kuti izitulutsidwa. Zomaliza zomaliza za okosijeni a glucose ndi mpweya woipa (womuchotsa m'thupi ndi mpweya) komanso madzi.

Ndi kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa chakudya m'magazi, kufa ndi minyewa, komwe maselo amanjenje (ma neurocytes) amakhala akhudzidwa kwambiri, motero, thupi limakhala ndi njira yoyendetsera magwiritsidwe ake a shuga.

Zimaphatikizapo mahomoni omwe amachulukitsa (glucagon, glucocorticosteroids, adrenaline) ndi otsika (insulin, omwe amayambitsa kuthamanga kwa shuga m'maselo) shuga.

Gwero lalikulu la chakudya ichi ndi chakudya, chifukwa mwa anthu mulibe njira za kapangidwe ka glucose.

Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani muyenera kudziwa zakudya zomwe zimawonjezera shuga?

Kudya pafupipafupi kuchuluka kwamagulu ochulukirapo okhala ndi chakudya kumatsogolera ku kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yomwe imalandiridwa kuposa omwe adamwa.

Ichi ndiye chifukwa choyambira kusokosera kwa mphamvu yamafuta, yomwe imapangidwa kuchokera ku glucose owonjezera, ndikulimbikitsa kwa kunenepa kwambiri.

Komanso, chakudya chamagulu ambiri omwe amapezeka mu chakudya chimabweretsa shuga, zomwe zimapangitsa kaphatikizidwe ka insulin.

Izi zimadzetsa mfundo yoti ma cell receptors amataya chidwi ndi insulin, ndipo izi, ndizofunikira kwambiri pakulimbikitsa matenda a shuga. Chifukwa chake, kuwongolera kudya kwakanthawi kwa zinthuzi mthupi ndi chakudya ndiko maziko a chakudya chopatsa thanzi komanso kupewa kwakanthawi kwamatenda angapo, monga:

• Matenda a shuga ndi zovuta zina za metabolic m'thupi.
• Kunenepa kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana, komwe kumakhala kofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga.
• Atherosulinosis ndikuphwanya kwa chakudya chamafuta ndi mafuta, chodziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol yamagazi ndi kupezeka kwake m'makoma amitsempha yamafupa am'magazi, omwe amachepetsa lumen ya mitsempha yamagazi.

Kuwongolera kwa chakudya cham'mimba ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zovuta zingapo za metabolic. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muchepetse magazi awo ndi mtengo winawake popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa shuga.

Komanso, pakagwiritsidwe ntchito ka gululi kapena mankhwala a insulin (omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mtundu 1 shuga mellitus, omwe amadziwika ndi kuphwanya kupanga kwa insulin mu kapamba), kuwongolera kudya shuga mthupi ndi chakudya kumachepetsa mulingo wawo.

Pankhani ya kuchepa kwakukulu kwa shuga (nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa chosowa chakudya kwakanthawi, mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amachepetsa shuga kapena insulin), kudya zakudya zomwe zili ndi shuga wambiri zimabwezeretsa msanga magazi ake.

Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zimachulukitsa shuga?

Mndandanda wazakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chamagulu ochulukirapo ndizochulukirapo. Zimaphatikizapo zinthu zosiyanasiyana zam'mera zomera, komanso confectionery ndi ufa wa zinthu.

Shuga wambiri amapezeka m'maswiti, pomwe amamwa mosavuta ndipo amayamba kumizidwa m'magazi omwe ali mkatikati mwa kamwa. Chifukwa chake, maswiti amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kuli kofunika kuwonjezera msanga wamagazi.

Zakudya zopititsa patsogolo shuga zikuphatikiza:

Kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta kumapezeka mu shuga, amaimiridwa mmalo mwake makamaka ndi sucrose disaccharide. Palinso zinthu zina zomwe sizikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagazi. Amakhala ndi masamba a masamba, nyama yoponda (kalulu, nkhuku) ndi nsomba.

Kodi magawo amkate ndi chiyani?

Zakudya za kuphwanya shuga kagayidwe m'thupi, limodzi ndi kuchuluka kwake, zimaphatikizanso magawo a mkate. Ichi ndi chizindikiro chosonyeza kuchuluka kwa glucose (12 g), womwe umapezeka mgawo umodzi wa mkate.

Pa chilichonse chazakudya, mtengo wake wamagulu amkate umakhala wofanana. Pali tebulo lapadera momwe mndandanda wazakudya zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mkate mkati mwake zimaperekedwa.

Chifukwa cha izi, munthu, akupanga menyu, ali ndi mwayi wofufuza kuchuluka kwa glucose omwe amaperekedwa ndi chakudya.

Ngati pali shuga wambiri m'thupi, malingaliro owonjezereka amaperekedwa ndi endocrinologist komanso wazakudya payekhapayekha. Zimatengera zaka, jenda ndi mtundu wa zochita za anthu, komanso mtengo wolingana nawo.

Magazi a glucose (shuga)

Munthu nthawi zina amakhala ndi vuto lofuna kudya zinazake zabwino komanso zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri. Amayi amamva kufunika kwa Mlingo wambiri wa chakudya chamagawo chachiwiri cha kusamba.

Madokotala amafotokozera izi chifukwa cha ntchito yam'mimba, yomwe imalephera kupanga mahomoni okwanira ndikusunga zomwe zili bwino. Chithunzicho chikuwonjezereka pamene kusala kukuyandikira.

Insulin Resistance ndi Syndrome X

Hemeni ya insulin ndiye anabolic wamkulu amene amachititsa kagayidwe kazachilengedwe m'thupi. Kuphatikiza apo, insulin imayang'anira zinthu zambiri:

• shuga wamagazi
• mafuta mawonekedwe.

Munthu amatha kufa chifukwa chosowa timadzi tambiri, chifukwa ndikofunikira kuti shuga asamayendetsedwe kuchoka m'magazi kupita ku maselo. Amagwiritsa ntchito ngati mafuta wamba komanso amachepetsa shuga m'magazi. Ngati ndi kotheka, triglycerides yosungidwa imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mphamvu.

Mosiyana ndi zotsatira za anabolic za testosterone (mahomoni akuluakulu amuna), omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga minofu ndi mafupa, insulin imasunga mafuta.

Hormoni iyi imathandizira kwambiri lipolosis (kutembenuza kwa michere kukhala mafuta) komanso choletsa champhamvu cha lipolysis (kusweka kwamafuta).

Chifukwa cha insulin, kuchuluka kwa minofu ndi mafuta kumachuluka. Ndi kukondoweza kwa insulin, kuchuluka kwamaselo am'mimba kumachepa ndipo kuchuluka kwa mafuta ochulukirapo kumawonjezeka.

Ndi insulin yochulukirapo, mkazi amakhala ndi vuto lolemera mopitirira muyeso, lomwe limavuta kwambiri kuchotsa, makamaka akadzakula.

Zizindikiro za Insulin Yokwanira

Pali zizindikiro zina za kuchuluka kwa mankhwala a insulin:

• kupanikizika kosalekeza (mahomoni opsinjika - cortisol akukula),
• ntchito yambiri
• kugona kusokonezedwa
• kumwa pafupipafupi zakudya zopanda zakudya (zophatikiza ndi michere yopanda kanthu),
• zolimbitsa thupi
• chithokomiro chosakwanira,
• kusowa kwa estradiol (mahomoni achikazi),
• testosterone yapamwamba kwambiri (mahomoni achimuna).

Monga lamulo, ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kukwera, kuchuluka kwa insulini komwe kumafunikira kuti kusunthidwe kudutsa m'magazi kupita ku minofu kapena kumalo ophatikizika kumapangidwa.

Popita nthawi, ndipo mafuta akamayikidwa, ma insulin receptors amayamba kugwira ntchito moipa. Ma mamolekyulu a shuga sangathe kudziphatika mokwanira. Izi zikachitika, ndiye kuti mutatha kudya shugayu amakhalabe okwera kwambiri. Cholinga chake ndikuti insulin, ngakhale ilipo m'magazi, ilibe cholinga.

Ma receptor amaubongo nthawi zonse amadziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndipo amatumiza ma sign oyenera kwa kapamba kuti atulutsenso insulini yambiri kuti ikhale yolimba. Maselo ndi magazi zimasefukira ndi timadzi tating'onoting'ono, ndipo ndikangoyamba kugwira ntchito, glucose amafalikira thupi lonse, ndikupangitsa hypoglycemia.

Mu shuga mellitus, kusazindikira bwino kwa insulin kumatha kuonedwa, komwe kumakulitsa vutoli.

Kukana insulini

Kukaniza (kukana) ndi chikhalidwe pamene pali kuchuluka kwa insulini ndi shuga m'magazi. Glucose imadziunjikira mwanjira yamafuta mmalo mwakugwiritsa ntchito ngati mphamvu. Chifukwa chakuti insulini ya mahomoni singakhale ndi vuto lililonse pogwira ntchito m'maselo a minofu, zotsatira za kusapeza chakudya choyenera.

Nthawi yomweyo, maselo alibe mafuta ofunikira, ndipo thupi limalandila zizindikiritso zanjala. Izi zimachitika ngakhale zili zokwanira ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Popita nthawi, chakudya chambiri chimafunikira, ndipo chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa insulini, mafuta amadzunjikira m'thupi, kunenepa kwambiri kumayamba kuonekera pang'onopang'ono ndipo kunenepa kwambiri kumayamba. Ngakhale kuyesera molimba mtima kusintha madimba a mafuta kukhala mphamvu yama minofu minofu sikumapereka zotsatira zofunika. Matendawa akamakula, mavuto akuchulukirachulukira amangokulira.

Mosazindikira kwenikweni za insulin, mkazi amakhala wokhazikika, ngakhale motsutsana ndi maziko a kuperewera kwa zakudya.

Kuphatikiza apo, insulin kukana kumakwiyitsa:

1. kufooketsa kwakukulu kwa chitetezo chamthupi, ndikupangitsa chiwopsezo chowonjezereka cha matenda,
2. zochitika zokhazikika pazikhoma zamitsempha yamagazi,
3. kugunda kwa mtima
4. kukulira kolimba kwa minyewa yosalala m'mitsempha, kuthandiza kuchepetsa magazi kupita ku ziwalo zofunika,
5. kukakamira kwamapulatifomu kwambiri ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha thrombosis (kuundana kwa magazi kumatha kupha).

Njira zofananira zamomwezi zimakhudza mitsempha yamagazi. Insulin yochulukirapo yolimbana ndi maziko a zinthu zochepa za estradiol amawonedwa ndi madokotala ngati mwayi waukulu wodwalitsa matenda a mtima ndi matenda oyamba.

Mavuto m'thupi amathandizira kukula kwa Syndrome X, matenda oopsa omwe amabwera chifukwa cha zovuta za metabolic. Monga lamulo, azimayi amadwala matendawa. Zimawonjezera kudziwikiratu kwa matenda ashuga ndi kufa.

Kuphatikizika kwa zizindikiro:

• insulin yowonjezera
• onenepa kwambiri, makamaka mchiuno ndi pamimba,
• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• cholesterol yambiri
• kuchuluka triglycerides.

Pa intaneti komanso muma magazine azachipatala mungapeze dzina lina - W W .. Moyenera kumveka:

1. onenepa kwambiri mwa azimayi,
2. m'chiuno kuzungulira masentimita 88,
3. matenda oopsa
4. kupsinjika kopitilira muyeso komanso kuda nkhawa.

Ngati estradiol ndiyabwino kwambiri, ndiye kuti zovuta zamavuto osakwanira kudziwa insulin zimachepa. Ichi ndichifukwa cha kuthekera kwa mahomoni achikazi kusintha zochita za insulin m'maselo a thupi. Kuperewera kwa izo kumakhala chifukwa chosakwanira kwa ntchito m'mimba mwake.

Mphamvu ya insulin pa zolandilira zamtunduwu umatha kusintha mu michere ya ovary, momwe kuchuluka kwa androgen kumawonjezeka. Nthawi yomweyo, mahomoni estradiol ndi estrone sangakhalebe osakwanira.

Ndi kuchuluka kwambiri kwa androjeni mthupi la mkazi, kusalinganika kwa mahomoni kumachitika ndipo mavuto okhala ndi insulin adzachitika.

Kuchita kwambiri kwa insulin m'magazi, kumathandizira kwambiri ndikulimbikitsa kwa androjeni omwe amapangidwa ndi thumba losunga mazira. Bwalo loyipa ili ndilovuta kusiya, ndipo mzimayi amayamba kuchuluka chaka chilichonse.

Kuwonjezeka kwa thupi pakati pa atsikana ndi amayi achichepere kumaonekera kwambiri. Njirayi imawonjezera mwayi wolumala.

Ngati insulin ya m'magazi ilibe kuchuluka mokwanira, ndiye kuti ikuwopseza kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kudzatsika.

Hypoglycemia ndi tsankho la shuga

Hypoglycemia iyenera kumvetsedwa ngati kuchuluka kochepa kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi. Nthawi zambiri mkhalidwe wa pathological uku umakhudzana mwachindunji ndi zovuta zakukhazikitsa shuga wokwanira m'thupi. Madotolo amatcha kuti kusalolerako.

Zonsezi zosagwira bwino m'thupi ndizogawo zoyambira kusanayambike kwa matenda ashuga. Dokotala atha kudziwa kuti hypoglycemia itaperekedwa kuti shuga m'magazi ali pansi pa 50 mg / dl. Nthawi zina, zizindikiro za hypoglycemia zitha kudziwikanso ndi kuchuluka kwa glucose, makamaka ngati zomwe zili zake zimachepa.

Chifukwa chakuti glucose ndi mafuta ofunikira m'maselo aubongo, ma receptor ake adapangidwa kuti achenjeze ziwonetsero zosakwanira za shuga (kuchepa kwake msanga kapena kutsika kwambiri).

Izi zikufotokozera chifukwa chake, ndi zizindikiro zoonekeratu za hypoglycemia, kuyezetsa shuga sikumatsimikizira, ndikuwonetsa shuga wamba. Zotheka kuti panali kugwa mwachangu mpaka gawo lovuta, pomwe ubongo umalandira alamu ngakhale kuchuluka kwenikweni kwa shuga ndikokwera kuposa masiku onse.

Makina omwewo amagwira ntchito ndi zizindikiro za hypoglycemia atangodya. Kuchulukitsa kwa mapulogalamu amtundu wa insulin kumapangitsa kuti munthu azimwa mafuta ochulukirapo ambiri.

Kodi mungapewe bwanji kuphwanya thupi?

Mkazi ayenera kutsatira malangizo angapo omwe angathandize:

1. khalani ndi glycemia wokwanira,
2. sinthani kulolera kwa shuga,
3. kusamalira shuga kukana ndi shuga.

Mutha kutuluka mumsampha womwe umatchedwa insulin pogwiritsa ntchito mapuloteni, mafuta komanso chakudya.

Kuphatikiza apo, mukuyenera kukumbukira ma nuances otsatirawa.

Kuchulukana Kudya ndi Nthawi

Tsiku lililonse ayenera kudyedwa ndi wotchi. Ndipo sitiyenera kuyiwala za magawidwe.

Ngati mumadya nthawi zosiyanasiyana masana komanso magawo akuluakulu, makamaka madzulo, ndiye izi ndizofunikira mwachindunji pakupanga kuchuluka kwa insulini komanso kuyika kwa mafuta.

Sizoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamafuta ambiri zomwe zimakulitsa kuchuluka kwa insulin.

Zochita zilizonse zolimbitsa thupi zitha kutchedwa insulin. Zimathandizira kuperekera shuga ku minofu ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwake m'magazi.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi a shuga mellitus makamaka kumathandiza kuthetsa nkhani ya kukana insulini ndikuthandizira kutentha kwapamwamba kwamafuta amthupi. Izi zimapereka mwayi wopeza mphamvu, kumanga minofu ndipo potero imathandizira njira zama metabolic m'thupi.

Hormonal usawa

Ndikofunikira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa mahomoni. Njirayi imathandizira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi ndi malo ake enieni. Ndikotheka kumanga minofu ndikuthandizira kagayidwe, pokhapokha ngati abwezeretsedwa:

• testosterone testosterone,
• mahomoni estradiol.

Udindo wofunikira mu njirayi umaperekedwa ku magwiridwe antchito a chithokomiro.

A shuga wochepetsa magazi omwe amayang'anira glucose wamagazi

Metabolism yamphamvu imachitika mogwirizana ndi chiwembu chovuta, pomwe mahomoni omwe amatsitsa shuga m'magazi amasewera limodzi mwamagawo. Glucose imakhudzidwa mwachindunji pakupanga kagayidwe kazinthu, makamaka kofunikira kuti ubongo ugwire ntchito. Gwero la shuga ndi chakudya, pomwe kuchuluka kwa mphamvu kumasiyana.

Lingaliro lalikulu la mahomoni

Homoni amene amachepetsa shuga m'magazi amatchedwa insulin. Amapangidwa ndi cortical chinthu cha kapamba popempha ubongo, ali ndi mawonekedwe a protein ndipo amatha kuchitapo kanthu nthawi yomweyo.

Kuti achepetse zinthu zambiri, maselo a gland nthawi zonse amakhala ndi insulini. Molekyulu ya zinthu ili ndi maunyolo awiri: tcheni tatifupi A of 21 amino acid ndi tchuthi lalitali la zotsalira 30. Zomangira zimalumikizidwa ndi milatho yopanda malire.

Ntchito za insulin zingakhale motere:

1. Thupi limayendetsa mphamvu ya ma enzyme kugwetsa chakudya.
2. Insulin, yomwe imachepetsa shuga, ndiyofunikira kuti shuga isungidwe mu cell, ndiye kuti imagwira ntchito ngati yoyendera. Iye, monga kiyi yotseka makiyi, amalumikizana ndi molekyulu yofanana ndi shuga ndikuyiyika mu cell.
3. Akugwira shuga wambiri m'magazi, amawalowetsa m'matumbo a mafuta omwe amasunga shuga wambiri, ndipo chiwindi chimachigwiritsa ntchito.
4. Insulin imalimbikitsa lipogenesis, kotero kuti okonda maswiti am mafuta: insulin imanyamula glucose m'maselo a mafuta. Mphamvu yachiwiri pamatipi a adipose ndikuchepetsa kuchepa kwake.
5. Zimalepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni.
6. Imayambitsa ntchito ya pituitary gland.

Zosiyanasiyana ziwalo, kudziwa thunthu ndi zosiyana:

1. Chiwindi, minofu yam'mimba ndi maselo amafuta amafunikira kukhalapo kwa insulin, ndiye kuti, imawazindikira.
2. Ubongo, mitsempha ya mitsempha, maselo endothelium ndi adrenal medulla sizigwirizana ndi mahomoni, ndiye kuti, sizifunikira ngati njira yotengera shuga.
3. Tiziwalo tatsalira ndi ziwalo zomwe tili nazo zimakhala ndizomvera mosiyanasiyana.

Kwa bongo, kusowa kwa insulin ndi njira yoteteza thupi: minyewa ikachepa mpaka kufika pamlingo winawake, kaphatikizidwe ka insulini imasiya, ndiye kuti ngati gwero la chakudya chofulumira lifika, sizotheka kupereka mphamvu kuubongo.

Kukula kwa matenda ashuga kumachitika pazifukwa ziwiri:

• ngakhale mahomoniwo sanapangidwe kokwanira
• kapena kuthekera kokumangiriza ku glucose kumavulala.

Chizindikiro chakuti zinthu zomwe zimachulukitsa glucose sizimapeza cholinga ndikumva njala, kufuna kudya zinazake zokoma.

Insulin

Ma mahomoni angapo amakhudza kagayidwe kazakudya: insulin, yomwe imachepetsa shuga, ndi omvera ake (adrenaline, glucagon, mahomoni okula, glucocorticoids).

Izi ndizomwe zimapangitsa: pomwe mikhalidwe ikukonzekera kupanga mahomoni opikisana ndi mahomoni, kuthekera kwa mahomoni ochepetsera kuwongolera shuga kumachepa.

Adrenaline amachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa glucose kwa mphindi 10, glucagon pafupifupi ola limodzi, glucocorticoids kwa masiku angapo, ndi glucagon kwa miyezi ingapo.

Zakudya zokhala ndi chakudya chamafuta othamanga ndizowopsa kwa thupi: zimakhala ndi shuga wambiri, yemwe amalowa m'magazi mwachangu.

Kuchepetsa mulingo kumakhala kosatheka nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa nthawi ndiyofunika kuti kuphatikiza insulin.

Ngati kwanthawi yayitali zakudya za munthu zimakhala ndi zinthu ngati izi, ndiye kuti kupanga insulin mosalekeza kumapangitsa kufa kwa zilumba za Langerhans, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga.

Kuchuluka kwake ndi kuchuluka kwa insulini yomwe imapangidwa ndi thupi imakhudzidwa ndi mawonekedwe ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya, kufunika kwakanthawi, msinkhu komanso kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe.

Chiwembu chonsechi ndichakuti:

• Pambuyo kudya, chimagawika, chimasiyanitsa zinthu zofunika kwa thupi: mavitamini, kufufuza zinthu, shuga.

• Zinthu zonsezi zimalowa m'magazi ndipo zimatengedwa kupita komwe zimafunikira. Zotsatira zake, ena aiwo amakhalabe m'magazi.
• Glucose owonjezera amatengedwa kupita ku chiwindi ndikusungidwa monga glycogen. Ngati munthu samalandira chakudya kwakanthawi, ndiye kuti shuga yotsika imadzazidwanso. Kuwonjezeka kwa glucose kumachitika chifukwa cha kusweka kwa katundu kuchokera ku depos.
• Ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu, impso zimaleka kuyamwa magazi onse m'magazi, ndipo umalowa mkodzo. Kuwala kumeneku mwa munthu wamkulu kumayikidwa pa 10 mmol / L.

Pali kulumikizana pakati pa kulemera kwa munthu ndi kuchuluka kwa insulin: ngati minofu yamatumbo imakhala yambiri kuposa mafuta, ndiye kuti mphamvu zowonjezereka zimafunikira kuti zitsimikizire kuti ikugwira ntchito. Chifukwa chake, mahomoni amachepetsa shuga kwakanthawi kochepa ndipo kukhazikika kwa magazi kumakhala kochepa. Mu munthu yemwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri, ngakhale mukudya, chizindikiro cha insulin chomwe chimawongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga ndichopitirira muyeso.

Kukana insulini

Kukana kwa insulin ndi chodabwitsa pamene thupi limakulitsa kupanga chinthu chamtsogolo. Kuphwanya kumeneku kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa kapangidwe kazinthu zomwe zimafunikira insulin.

Glucose sangalowe kulowa m'maselo, omwe amakhala ngati chisonyezo pakufunika kwa maselo ambiri. Zotsatira zake, magazi amakhala ndi shuga ndi insulin yambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kunenepa kwambiri.

Popeza insulin imatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa lipolysis, thupi sililandira glucose kuchokera ku chakudya kapena ku depot, yomwe imachepetsa kagayidwe.

Izi ndi zina mwazotsatira za kukana insulini:

• Kulemera ngakhale kudya pang'ono,
• kuvuta kusiya mapaundi owonjezera,
• shuga pakapita nthawi.

Mlingo wa insulini udzachulukirachulukira mutatenga mkaka, tchizi, tchizi, mazira. Kudumphadumpha kotereku sikubweretsa kuwonongeka m'moyo wamunthu.

Kuti mumvetsetse zimagwirira zomwe zimachulukitsa ndikuchepetsa thupi, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti kuzungulira kwa insulin ntchito ndi passivity alternate.

Panthawi yosungirako, minofu ya adipose imasungidwa, ndipo ikamalizidwa, chiwonongeko chimachitika, i.e. mutatha kudya, pakapita nthawi, mulingo wa insulini udzachepa, kenako njira ya lipolysis imayamba. Ndi kuchepa kwama calorie azakudya, thupi limachepa.