Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa a endocrine. Chowonetsa chachikulu cha matenda a shuga ndi kukweza m'magazi (shuga). Glucose ndimphamvu yopanga maselo onse mthupi. Koma mozama kwambiri, mankhwalawa amapezeka ndi poizoni. Matenda a shuga amabweretsa kuwonongeka m'mitsempha yamagazi, minyewa yamanjenje ndi machitidwe ena amthupi. Mavuto amakula - neuropathy, cataract, nephropathy, retinopathy ndi zina zingapo. Kuwonetsedwa kwa shuga kumalumikizidwa ndi shuga yayikulu yamagazi komanso kukula kwa zovuta za matenda.

Zizindikiro zoyambira matenda ashuga

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za shuga zimakonda kuphatikizidwa ndi shuga wambiri. Nthawi zambiri, chizindikiritso ichi pakusala magazi a capillary sichidutsa 5.5 mM / L, ndipo masana - 7.8 mM / L. Ngati shuga wamba tsiku lililonse amakhala oposa 9-13 mmol / l, ndiye kuti wodwala amatha kudandaula koyamba.

Choyamba chikuwonekera kwambiri komanso pafupipafupi pokodza. Kuchuluka kwa mkodzo m'maola 24 nthawi zonse kumakhala kuposa malita awiri. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kukwera kuchimbudzi kangapo usiku. Kuchuluka kwamkodzo kumalumikizidwa ndikuti glucose alipo. Shuga amayamba kusiya thupi kudzera mu impso pomwe kukhazikika kwake m'magazi ndi 9-11 mM / L. Nthawi ina, madotolo adachitanso kafukufuku wa matenda a shuga malinga ndi kukoma kwa mkodzo. Shuga "amatunga" madzi kuchokera m'magazi kudzera pachipupa cha impso - awa amatchedwa osmotic diuresis. Zotsatira zake, wodwala matenda ashuga amatulutsa mkodzo wambiri, usana ndi usiku.

Thupi limataya madzimadzi, limatha kukhazikika kusowa kwamadzi. Khungu pankhope, thupi limakhala louma, kufinya kwake kumasowa, milomo "yowuma", wodwalayo amamva kuperewera, ndi "kuwuma" mkamwa mwake. Odwala nthawi zambiri amamva ludzu kwambiri. Ndikufuna kumwa mosalekeza, kuphatikiza usiku. Nthawi zina kuchuluka kwa zakumwa zamadzimadzi zimaposa 3, 4 ndipo ngakhale malita 5 patsiku. Zokonda zamakomedwe ndizosiyana kwa anthu onse. Tsoka ilo, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, koma osadziwa za matenda awo, amamwa misuzi ya zipatso, zakumwa zozizilitsa kukhosi, potero zimawonjezera zovuta zawo. Ludzu ndi njira yotchinjiriza munyengo inayake. Inde, simungakane kumwa kuti muchepetse mkodzo wambiri. Koma ndikwabwino kumwa madzi oyera kapena tiyi wopanda mafuta.

Glucose imadziunjikira m'magazi, imachoka ndi mkodzo, koma osalowa m'maselo. Chifukwa chake, minofuyo samalandira mphamvu zomwe amafunikira. Chifukwa cha izi, maselo amatumiza chidziwitso cha vuto la njala ndi kuperewera kwa bongo. Zotsatira zake, wodwala matenda ashuga kulakalaka kungakulitse kwambiriAmadya ndipo samadya ngakhale ndi chakudya chochuluka.

Chifukwa chake, ludzu, khungu louma, pakamwa pouma, kudya kwambiri, ndi mkodzo wambiri patsiku zimayesedwa ngati zizindikilo zoyamba za matenda ashuga.

Mwazi wamagazi, kuwonongeka kwa minofu ya adipose komanso kusowa kwamadzi mu shuga kumakhudza ubongo. Zotsatira zake ndi gulu lina loyambirira, koma osati zachindunji, zizindikiro za matenda ashuga. Ndi kutopa, kutopa, kusachedwa, kusinthasintha kwa zochitika pafupipafupi, kulephera kuganizira, kuchepa kwa ntchito. Zizindikiro zonsezi zokhala ndi matenda a shuga zimayamba kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, koma zimatha kukhala ndi matenda ena onse. Pozindikira matenda ashuga, tanthauzo la izi ndi laling'ono.

Matenda a shuga samadziwika kokha ndi kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi. Chizindikiro china chofunikira ndicho matalikidwe akulu amasinthidwe amwazi wamagazi. Chifukwa chake mwa munthu wathanzi, zofunikira zochepa komanso zochuluka za shuga zamagazi patsiku zimasiyana ndi magawo osakwana 1-2. Wodwala wodwala matenda a shuga, tsiku lomwelo shuga akhoza kukhala 3 mM / L ndi 15 mM / L. Nthawi zina kusiyana pakati pa mfundozo kumakulirapo. Chizindikiro choyambirira cha matenda osokoneza bongo omwe chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa shuga m'magazi chitha kuganiziridwa masomphenya osakhalitsa. Kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe kumatha kukhala kwa mphindi zingapo, maola kapena masiku, ndiye kuchitika kwakanthawi kabwinobwino.

Zizindikiro za shuga zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo komanso dongosolo

Matenda a shuga, makamaka matenda a 2, nthawi zambiri sadziwika kwa nthawi yayitali. Odwala alibe madandaulo kapena samawalabadira. Tsoka ilo, nthawi zina zizindikiro zoyambirira za shuga zimanyalanyazidwa ndi akatswiri azachipatala. Zotsatira zake, zizindikiro zodziwikiratu za matendawa zimatha kukhala zizindikilo za kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo ndi ziwalo, kutanthauza kuchepa kwa matenda ashuga.

Ndani angayikiridwe matenda? Iwo omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zovuta zowonongeka pamitsempha yokhudza manja kapena mapazi, miyendo. Panthawi imeneyi, wodwalayo amasokonezeka ndi dzanzi ndi kuzizira kwa zala, kumverera kwa "kukwawa", kuchepa kwa chidwi, komanso minofu kukokana. Kuwonetsedwa kwa zizindikirozi pakupuma, usiku, ndizodziwika makamaka. Kupezeka kwa vuto lina kumalumikizidwa ndi kupezeka kwa kuwonongeka kwa minyewa yamanjenje - odwala matenda ashuga phazi.

Matenda a matenda ashuga omwe amafunika chithandizo chodwala

Vutoli limawonetsedwa ndi mabala amachiritso a nthawi yayitali, zilonda, mikwingwirima m'miyendo. Tsoka ilo, nthawi zina dokotala wochita opaleshoni amayamba kuzindikira wodwala yemwe ali ndi zizindikirozi. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amayambitsa matenda osokoneza bongo komanso kudula.

Kutaya kwamaso kopitilira ikhoza kukhalanso chizindikiro choyamba cha matenda ashuga chifukwa cha matenda amkati kapena matenda a shuga.

Kuyenera kudziwika kuti motsutsana ndi maziko a matenda ashuga chitetezo chochepa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mabala ndi mikwingwirima imachira nthawi yayitali, nthawi zambiri pamakhala njira zovuta ndi zovuta. Matenda aliwonse amakhala oopsa: cystitis imakhala yovuta chifukwa cha kutupa kwa impso, kuzizira - bronchitis kapena chibayo. Kuwonongeka kwa fungus kwa misomali, khungu, mucous nembanemba nthawi zambiri kumayendera limodzi ndi shuga chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa chitetezo chamthupi.

Zizindikiro za matenda osiyanasiyana a shuga

Nthawi zambiri, mtundu 1 wa matenda ashuga, mtundu wachiwiri ndi matenda ashuga apezeka. Mtundu woyamba wa shuga mogwirizana ndi kusowa kwa insulin mthupi. Imakonda kupezeka mwa ana ndi achinyamata osakwana zaka 30. Kuchepa kwambiri kwamphamvu kwa thupi motsutsana ndi chidwi chambiri chakudya kumakhala makamaka kwa mtundu uwu wa matenda ashuga. Munthu amadya kwambiri, koma amachepetsa kuposa 10% ya kulemera kwake. Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la matenda a shuga 1, ambiri kuwola kwa matupi a adipose - matupi a ketone - amapangidwa. Mpweya wotuluka, mkodzo umakhala ndi fungo labwino la acetone. Matendawa atayamba, chiwonetsero chake chikukula. Madandaulo onse amawonekera mwadzidzidzi, mkhalidwe umakulirakulirabe. Chifukwa chake, matendawa samakhala osadziwika.

Shuga shuga 2 Mtundu nthawi zambiri odwala pambuyo zaka 40, nthawi zambiri azimayi onenepa kwambiri. Matendawa abisika. Cholinga chake ndichoti kusazindikira kwa minofu kumapangitsa insulin yawo. Chimodzi mwazizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa ndi kuchepa kwakanthawi kwa shuga m'magazi - hypoglycemia. Wodwalayo akumva kunjenjemera m'thupi ndi zala, kugunda kwamtima mwachangu, njala yayikulu. Kuthamanga kwa magazi ake kumakwera, thukuta lozizira limawonekera. Zolemba zoterezi ndizotheka pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikatha kudya, makamaka mutatha kudya zotsekemera. Matenda a shuga amathanso kukayikiridwa mwa iwo omwe ali ndi zizindikilo za kusazindikira minofu. Zizindikiro zotere zimaphatikizira kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'chiuno, kuthamanga kwa magazi, cholesterol yambiri, triglycerides ndi uric acid m'magazi. Black acanthosis ndi chizindikiro cha khungu la mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga - malo akhungu a khungu lakuda m'malo a khungu.

Acanthosis wakuda wa matenda ashuga

Matenda a shuga limawonekera mwa mkazi nthawi yapakati. Zizindikiro zake ndi kukula kwamwana kwambiri, kuphatikiza ndi ultrasound, kukalamba kwa placenta, kukula kwake kwambiri, kupweteka kwa pathupi, kubereka, kusokonezeka kwa fetal. Matenda a shuga azitha kuyembekezedwa mwa azimayi azaka 25-30 omwe ali onenepa kwambiri komanso olemedwa chifukwa chobadwa nawo.

Zoyenera kuchita pachiyeso choyamba cha matenda ashuga?

Ngati zizindikiro za matenda ashuga zapezeka, dokotalayo amalamula matenda ena omwe ali ndi zodandaula ngati (matenda a shuga insipidus, nephrogenic shuga, hyperparathyroidism, ndi ena). Kenako mumawunikira kuti mudziwe chomwe chimayambitsa matenda ashuga ndi mtundu wake. Nthawi zina, ntchito imeneyi siivuta, ndipo nthawi zina pamafunika mayeso owonjezera.

Popeza akuganiza kuti anthu azikhala ndi matenda ashuga kapena achibale, ndikofunikira kupita kukayezetsa kuchipatala. Kumbukirani kuti posachedwa atazindikira kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga ndikukhazikika, chithandizo chake chimakhala chathanzi. Kuti mupeze thandizo, mutha kulumikizana ndi katswiri, othandizira kapena endocrinologist. Adzakupatsani maphunziro kuti mupeze shuga lanu lamagazi.

Osadalira miyezo ndi chipangizo chodziyang'anira pawokha - glucometer. Umboni wake sakhala wolondola kuzindikira matenda. Kuti muzindikire kuchuluka kwa shuga mu labotale, njira zolondola za enzymatic zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: glucose oxidase ndi hexokinase. Kuyeza mobwerezabwereza shuga panthawi zosiyanasiyana patsiku kapena kuyezetsa magazi pakamwa kungafunike kuti mutsimikizire ngati mukudwala matenda ashuga. Uku ndi kuyesa kwa nkhawa pogwiritsa ntchito magalamu 75 a shuga. Padziko lonse lapansi, kusanthula kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kukukhala kofunikira kwambiri pakuwazindikira. Chizindikirochi chimadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga osati pakadali pano, koma m'miyezi iwiri yapitayi. Kuzindikira kwa matenda ashuga kumakhazikitsidwa ndi glycated hemoglobin yoposa 6.5%.