Muyezo wa shuga wamagazi pazaka 18: gome la zizindikiro
Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zingayambitse kuphwanya kwamtundu wa shuga:
- moyo, ndipo kwakukulukulu: kuperewera kwa vuto la kudya, kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa, kukhala moyo wotsalira, kupsinjika nthawi zonse,, munthawi zina,
- Matenda a kapamba, impso, chiwindi komanso kumwa mankhwala ena ake.
- Mimba imatha kukhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga mwa akazi.
Magulu a glucose mwa abambo ndi amai amathanso kusintha, komabe kusintha kwakukulu kumachitika ndi zaka. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
Kuphatikiza apo, m'zaka zaposachedwa, matenda a shuga (ndi matenda ena ogwirizana ndi kuthamanga kwa glucose) "akukula msanga" - zinthu zambiri zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa zakhala zodziwika bwino tsiku ndi tsiku. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuwongolera njirayi - onani magazi nthawi zonse ndikuyerekeza: zisonyezo zanu ndi shuga wamagazi oyeneranso (tebulo la zaka zithandizanso kuyerekezera zomwe zachitika ndi zomwe zili zololedwa komanso kuti musaphonye nthawi yomwe muyenera "kuwomba alamu" ndikulumikizana ndi katswiri).
Momwe mungayesere shuga
Mwazi wamagazi amayezedwa m'mamilimita angapo pa lita imodzi kapena ma milligram pa desilita iliyonse.
Zotsatira zoyesereranso zimatengera zinthu zambiri:
- kuyambira nthawi yosanthula. Magazi a shuga amaperekedwa m'mawa m'mimba yopanda kanthu - osachepera maola 8-10 chakudya chatha.
- Zomwe mudadya ndi kumwa tsiku lathali. Ngati mumadya maswiti kapena mumamwa mowa, zotsatira zake zimayenera kukhala zapamwamba. Palinso chiwopsezo chofananacho mukapanikizika,
- kuchokera njira yoyeserera magazi: kuchokera mu mtsempha kapena chala. Magazi a Venous amapereka zotsatira zolondola kuposa magazi a capillary, chifukwa chake mulingo wabwinobwino pakuwunikira uku ndi wokwera pang'ono. Ubwino wa kuyesedwa kwa magazi kuchokera chala ndikuti umatha kuchitika mwachangu komanso ngakhale kunyumba pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer yanyumba. Ndipo zomwe zikuyenera kukhala zowerengera za shuga (zamagulu abwinobwino) zimapezeka pagome lathu.
Mwazi wa shuga wamagazi, tebulo la zaka
Magazi a glucose mu makanda, ana osaposa zaka 5 ndi ana asukulu za pulayimale ndi ochepera zaka. Mu achinyamata, kuyambira ali ndi zaka 14, chizindikiro choyenera ndichofanana ndi chizolowezi cha shuga m'magazi (tebulo ili m'munsiyi lithandizira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa glucose pazaka zilizonse).
M'badwo | Ntchito wamba mol / l |
---|---|
Ana osakwana chaka chimodzi | 2.8-4.4 |
Ana kuyambira chaka chimodzi mpaka 5 | 3.3-5.0 |
Ana kuyambira azaka 5 mpaka 14 | 3.3-5.6 |
Kuyambira zaka 14 mpaka 60 | 4.1-5.9 |
Zaka 60 mpaka 90 zakubadwa | 4.6-6.4 |
Zoposa zaka 90 | 4.2-6.7 |
Tikukumbutsani kuti zisonyezo za shuga wamagazi (patebulo pofika zaka) ndizabwino mwa anthu athanzi. Zizindikiro za glucose kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndizosiyana.
Kusiyana kwachisangalalo m'magazi a magazi
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa abambo ndi amayi nawonso ndi kosiyana.
Mwazi wamagazi a amuna.
M'badwo | Ntchito wamba mmol / l |
---|---|
Zaka 18-20 | 3.3-5.4 |
Zaka 20-30 | 3.4-5.5 |
Zaka 30 mpaka 40 | 3.4-5.5 |
Zaka 40-50 | 3.4-5.5 |
Zaka 50-60 | 3.5-5.7 |
60-70 wazaka | 3.5-6.5 |
Zaka 70-80 | 3.6-7.0 |
Malamulo a akazi.
M'badwo | Ntchito wamba mmol / l |
---|---|
Zaka 18-20 | 3.2-5.3 |
Zaka 20-30 | 3.3-5.5 |
Zaka 30 mpaka 40 | 3.3-5.6 |
Zaka 40-50 | 3.3-5.7 |
Zaka 50-60 | 3.5-6.5 |
60-70 wazaka | 3.8-6.8 |
Zaka 70-80 | 3.9-6.9 |
Mwa azimayi atatha zaka 50, theka la milandu, kusintha kwa msambo kumatha kukhudza kuwonjezeka kwa shuga.
Chikhalidwe cha shuga mwa anyamata ndi atsikana zaka 18
Kusakanikirana kwa shuga m'thupi la munthu kumayendetsedwa ndi insulin, yomwe imapangidwa ndi kapamba. Zikakhala kuti pali kusowa kwa chinthu ichi, kapena ngati minofu yofewa m'thupi imachitapo kanthu moyenera, phindu la shuga limawonjezeka.
Miyezo yamankhwala yamayeso a shuga:
Gulu la zaka | Mankhwala pamimba yopanda kanthu (kuchokera pachala) |
Masabata 1-4 | 2.8 mpaka 4.4 mayunitsi |
Osakwana zaka 14 | 3.3 mpaka 5.5 mayunitsi |
Kuyambira wazaka 14 mpaka 18 | 3.5 mpaka 5.5 mayunitsi |
Munthu akakula, kuchepa kwa insulin chiwopsezo kumapezeka, popeza mbali ina ya zolandirazo imawonongeka, kulemera kwa thupi kumachuluka. Kwa ana aang'ono, chizolowezi nthawi zonse chimakhala chotsika. Mwana akamakula, ndiye kuti pamakhala shuga wambiri. Ndi kukula, munthu amalemera, motero, insulin m'mwazi imakumwa kwambiri, zomwe zimatsogolera ku chiwonetsero.
Dziwani kuti pali kusiyana pakati pa zomwe magazi amatengedwa kuchokera pachala ndi mtsempha. Potsirizira pake, shuga wamba pa 18 ndi 12% kuposa kuposa chala.
Mlingo wamagazi amkati amasiyana kuchokera ku 3.5 mpaka 6.1, ndipo kuchokera ku chala - 3.5-5,5 mmol / l. Kuzindikira matenda "okoma", kuwunika kamodzi sikokwanira. Phunziroli limachitika kangapo, poyerekeza ndi zomwe zingachitike zomwe wodwalayo ali nazo.
Kusintha kwa shuga m'magazi:
- Zotsatira zoyesedwa zikawonetsa zotsatira kuchokera ku mayunitsi a 5.6 mpaka 6.1 (magazi a venous - mpaka 7.0 mmol / l), amalankhula za prediabetesic state kapena vuto lakulolera shuga.
- Chizindikiro chochokera mu mtsempha chikakula kwambiri kuposa ma unit 7.0, ndikuwunika pamimba yopanda kanthu kuchokera pachala ndikuwonetsa ziwerengero zoposa 6.1, matenda a shuga amapezeka.
- Ngati mtengo wake ulipo wochepera 3.5 mayunitsi - hypoglycemic state. Kutero ndi kwachilengedwe komanso kwachilengedwe.
Kafukufuku wazotsatira zamasamba amathandizira kuzindikira matenda osachiritsika, amakupatsani mwayi wowunika momwe mankhwalawa amathandizira. Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga mumtundu wa 1 shuga sikotsika 10, ndiye kuti amalankhula fomu yolipiridwa.
Mu shuga mellitus wamtundu wachiwiri, kubwezeretsedwa kwa pathology sikupitilira magawo 6.0 pamimba yopanda kanthu (m'mawa) komanso osapitirira magawo 8.0 masana.
Kodi chifukwa chiyani glucose amakula ali ndi zaka 18?
Glucose amatha kuchuluka pambuyo chakudya. Izi zikugwirizana ndi chifukwa chakuthupi, izi ndizosiyanasiyana mwazomwe zimachitika. Pambuyo kanthawi kochepa, chizindikirocho chimabwereranso pamlingo wovomerezeka.
Ali ndi zaka 17-18, bambo ndi mtsikana amadziwika ndi kutengeka mtima kwambiri, zomwe zingakhale chifukwa china chodumphira mu shuga. Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti kupsinjika kwakukulu, kukhumudwa kwambiri, neurosis, ndi zina zomwe zimayambitsa chiwonetsero.
Izi sizofala, koma osati zamatsenga. Munthu akachepetsa, umunthu wake wamakolo umakhala wofanana, phindu la shuga limatsikira ku ndende yofunika. Malinga kuti wodwala sapezeka ndi matenda ashuga.
Ganizirani zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga:
- Kuperewera kwa mahomoni. Asanakhale masiku ovuta kwa azimayi, shuga wamba amawonjezereka. Ngati palibe zovuta zina mu mbiri yachipatala, ndiye kuti chithunzicho chimadzimiririka. Palibe chithandizo chofunikira.
- Kuphwanya chilengedwe cha endocrine. Nthawi zambiri matenda a pituitary gland, chithokomiro England, ndi zina. Pakakhala kusowa kapena kuchuluka kwa chinthu chimodzi kapena chinthu china cha mahomoni, izi zimawonetsedwa poyesa magazi kwa shuga.
- Ntchito yolakwika ya kapamba, chotupa cha mkati. Zinthu izi zimachepetsa kapangidwe ka insulin, chifukwa, kulephera kwa kagayidwe kazakudya ndi kagayidwe kachakudya.
- Chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali ndi mankhwala amphamvu. Mankhwala samangochizira, komanso ali ndi zovuta zingapo. Ngati mahomoni, antidepressants ndi tranquilizer atengedwa kwa nthawi yayitali, shuga imakula. Nthawi zambiri chithunzichi chimawonedwa pomwe munthu ali ndi chibadwa cha matendawo.
- Impso, mavuto a chiwindi. Kupezeka kwa chiwindi, zotupa zam'mimba zowopsa komanso zodetsa nkhawa zimatha kudziwika chifukwa cha gululi.
Akatswiri azachipatala azindikiranso zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti glucose achuluke. Izi zimaphatikizapo kugwedezeka, kuphatikiza ululu, kuwotcha kwambiri, kuvulala pamutu, kuwonongeka, ndi zina zambiri.
Pali matenda omwe amakhudza kuchuluka kwa chizindikiritso cha pa electrochemical glucometer. Mwachitsanzo, pheochromocytoma pa nthawi yake yakukula imakhumudwitsa kupanga kwa kuchuluka kwa norepinephrine ndi adrenaline. Nawonso mahomoni awiriwa amakhudza gawo la magazi. Kuphatikiza apo, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakwera mwa odwala, omwe amatha kufikira ziwerengero zovuta.
Ngati matenda ndi omwe amachititsa kuti shuga azikula, ndiye kuti mankhwala ake akangomaliza amayamba kukhala pawokha.
Mayeso a glucose
Ngati mwana wazaka 18 kapena mtsikana wadandaula kukodzerera pafupipafupi komanso moperewera, pakamwa pouma mokhazikika ndi ludzu, chizungulire, kuchepetsa thupi ndi chidwi chokwanira, mavuto amkamwa, etc., ndiye ndikofunikira kuyesedwa kwa shuga.
Kuti mupeze zovuta zobisika kapena zowoneka bwino za chakudya cham'mimba, muzindikire shuga kapena kutsutsa zomwe akuti mwazindikira, kuyesedwa kwa shuga kumachitika.
Ndikulimbikitsidwanso pazochitika zomwe magazi okayikitsa adapezeka kuchokera ku chala cha munthu. Matenda amtunduwu amachitika kwa anthu otsatirawa:
- Nthawi zina ma shuga mumkodzo, pomwe kuyesedwa kwa magazi a chala kumawonetsa zotsatira zabwinobwino.
- Palibe matendawo omwe amawonetsera matenda "okoma", koma pali zizindikiro za polyuria - kuwonjezeka kwamkodzo mwachindunji pa maola 24. Ndi zonsezi, chikhalidwe cha magazi kuchokera pachala chimadziwika.
- Kuchuluka kwa shuga mu mkodzo muli ndi mwana.
- Ngati mbiri ya kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi ntchito, chithokomiro.
- Wodwalayo amadandaula za matenda a shuga, koma mayesowo sanatsimikizire kupezeka kwa matenda osachiritsika.
- Ngati pali cholowa cholandira. Kusanthula kumeneku ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzindikire za matendawa.
- Ndi matenda a retinopathy ndi neuropathy a pathogenesis osadziwika.
Pakuwunika, zinthu zachilengedwe zimatengedwa kuchokera kwa wodwala, makamaka magazi a capillary. Pambuyo ayenera kutenga 75 g shuga. Izi zimasungunuka ndi madzi ofunda. Kenako kumachitika kafukufuku wachiwiri. Bwino pambuyo pa ola limodzi - ino ndiye nthawi yoyenera kudziwa glycemia.
Kafukufuku amatha kuwonetsa zotsatira zingapo - zamakhalidwe abwino, kapena dziko la prediabetes kapena kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga. Zonse zikakhala mu dongosolo, gawo la mayeso silipitilira magawo 7.8, pomwe maphunziro ena akuwonetsanso malire a mfundo zovomerezeka.
Ngati zotsatira zake ndizosiyana kuchokera ku magawo 7.8 mpaka 11.1, ndiye kuti amalankhula za prediabetesic state. Nthawi zambiri, kusanthula kwina kumawonetsanso magawo omwe ali pamwamba pang'ono pamulingo wovomerezeka.
Chizindikiro chakufufuza kwama unit opitilira 11.1 ndi matenda ashuga. Mankhwala amathandizidwa kuti azikonzedwa, kudya moyenera, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso njira zina zimaperekedwa kuti zithandizire kulipira matenda.
Zizindikiro ziti za glycemia ndizabwinobwino zomwe zingauze katswiri wa kanemayu munkhaniyi.